WO2016116808A1 - Chaudière à tubes de fumée - Google Patents

Chaudière à tubes de fumée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016116808A1
WO2016116808A1 PCT/IB2016/000082 IB2016000082W WO2016116808A1 WO 2016116808 A1 WO2016116808 A1 WO 2016116808A1 IB 2016000082 W IB2016000082 W IB 2016000082W WO 2016116808 A1 WO2016116808 A1 WO 2016116808A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tubes
fire
tube heater
heater assembly
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2016/000082
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel CHAI
Claudio PETRACCA
Domenic RUSCIO
Original Assignee
Camus Hydronics Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Camus Hydronics Ltd. filed Critical Camus Hydronics Ltd.
Priority to CA2974300A priority Critical patent/CA2974300A1/fr
Priority to CN201680006777.6A priority patent/CN107429908A/zh
Priority to US15/544,448 priority patent/US20180266726A1/en
Priority to MX2017009391A priority patent/MX2017009391A/es
Publication of WO2016116808A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016116808A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/205—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes with furnace tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K5/00—Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to fluid heating devices, sometimes commonly referred to as boilers or water heaters, and more particularly, to a fire tube heater assembly that maintains separation or segregation between hot combustion gas flows and the heated fluid flow while accommodating changes in the longitudinal length of the fire tubes during operation of the fire tube heater assembly associated with the thermal contraction and expansion of the fire tubes during operation the heater assembly.
  • Fire tube heater assemblies such as boilers and/or water heaters are commonly used for transferring heat from a hot fluid, such as a combustion gas or heating fluid, to a relatively cooler fluid or a heated fluid, such as water.
  • Traditional heat exchangers particularly fire tube heat exchangers, utilized a tube bundle made up of a plurality of tubes that each extend between a respective tube inlet end and respective tube outlet end. During operation of the heating device, the physical shape of these tubes changes in response to the thermal properties of the material that form the respective tubes as well as the operating parameters associated with utilization of the heating assembly.
  • Generating the desired thermal exchange commonly requires a plurality of tubes and a spacing of the tubes that supports efficient thermal exchange associated with the flame or combustion gases and the surrounding fluid, such as water, that is to be heated.
  • the generally elongate shape of the plurality of tubes and the thermal exchange associated therewith requires consideration as to the mounting of the alternate ends of the tubes and/or the construction of the tubes to accommodate elongation of the tubes in a manner that maintains a sealed interaction between the passages associated with the heating fluid flow, such as the combustion process, and the passages associated with the passage of the heated fluid flow through the assembly. Understandably, the combustion gas fluid flow and the heated fluid flow must remain isolated from one another throughout the heat exchange process.
  • Fire tube heater assemblies generally include a housing that encloses a heated fluid path and a plurality of fire tubes which are contained within or otherwise pass through the housing.
  • the fire tubes are supported and distributed in the volume of the housing to achieve an efficient thermal exchange between the heating fluid or combustion gas flow and the heated fluid material or flow that generally surrounds the plurality of fire tubes.
  • the fire tubes are arranged in the housing to effectuate an efficient thermal exchange between the respective fluids and are supported in a manner that maintains fluid isolation between the respected heating and heated
  • the fire tubes are commonly much hotter than the surrounding shell or housing of the fire tube heater assembly and can be subjected to various different operating temperatures as well as temperature deviations and rates of temperature change during operation of the fire tube assembly. That is, the various demands associated with operation of the fire tube heater assembly affect the relative temperature of the plurality of fire tubes.
  • the fire tubes affects the longitudinal length of the discrete fire tubes. Said in another way, a longitudinal length of the fire tubes commonly changes during operation of the fire tube heater assembly due to thermal expansion and contraction of the fire tubes during operation of the fire tube heater assembly. Alternatively, if the fire tubes are so rigidly supported relative to the underlying fire tube heater assembly, the alternate ends of the discrete fire tubes can be subjected to undesirable stresses due to the heating and cooling cycles associated with operation of the fire ) tube heater assembly.
  • the present invention discloses a fire tube heater assembly that overcomes one or more of the drawbacks discussed above.
  • a fire tube heater assembly sometimes referred to as boilers and/or water heaters, and method of accommodating elongation of the fire tubes associated with such heating devices are disclosed.
  • the fire tube heater assembly includes a plurality of fire tubes that are configured and oriented to effectuate efficient thermal exchange between the heating fluid, commonly a gas combustion product, and the fluid being heated. At least one end of the plurality of tubes are supported by a tube support.
  • the tube support includes a bellows or other deformable structure that accommodates changes in the longitudinal length associated with thermal expansion and contraction of the fire tubes during operation of the first tube heater assembly and in a manner that maintains segregation between the heating and heated fluid flows.
  • a fire tube heater assembly having a housing and a plurality of tubes disposed in the housing.
  • the assembly includes a tube support that is constructed to support at least two of the plurality of tubes and maintain a segregation between a combustion gas flow and a fluid disposed in the housing and effectuate thermal exchange therebetween.
  • the tube support includes a bellows section that is constructed to accommodate changes in the length of the at least two of the plurality of tubes caused by thermal response to operation of the fire tube heater.
  • a further aspect of the invention that includes one or more features or aspects that are combinable with the features and aspects above discloses a method of accommodating elongation of fire tube heater tubes during operation of a fire tube heater.
  • the method includes supporting a plurality of fire tubes with a tube support structure that is deformable to concurrently accommodate changes in a longitudinal length of more than one of fire tubes during operation of the fire tube assembly.
  • the boiler tube support assembly includes a body that is configured to sealing cooperate with an end portion of a plurality of fire tubes.
  • a bellows section extends in an outward direction that is aligned with a longitudinal axis of the plurality of fire tubes and is disposed between a first portion of the body and a second portion of the body.
  • the first portion of the body is positionally secured relative to a housing disposed about the plurality of fire tubes and the second portion of the body is movable relative to the first portion of the body along the longitudinal axis in response to changes in temperature of the plurality of fire tubes.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational cross section view of a fire tube heater assembly or apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view a fire tube mounting structure of the fire tube heater assembly shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational cross section view of the fire tube mounting structure shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the view shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational cross section view of a portion of the fire tube heater assembly shown in Fig. 1 proximate the fire tube mounting structure shown in FIGS. 2-4; and
  • FIG. 6 is a graph that shows efficiencies associated with operation of the fire tube heater assembly shown in FIG. 1 as a function of the temperature of the heated fluid inlet flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a water heater, water heating apparatus, boiler, or fire tube heater assembly 10 according to the present invention.
  • Fire tube heater assembly 10 includes a housing 12 that generally defines a vertically oriented footprint of the device.
  • a burner 14 is associated with a combustion chamber 16 which is configured to generate a combustion gas flow 18 associated with generating the thermal exchange associated with operation of fire tube heater assembly 10. It should be appreciated that the operation of burner 14 can be configured and/or otherwise manipulated to satisfy various demands associated with the desired volumes, throughputs, and parameters associated with the intended demand associated with use of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • Fire tube heater assembly 10 includes a plurality of fire tubes or simply tubes 20, 22 that extend in a longitudinal direction, indicated by arrow 24, within the confines of housing 12.
  • Fire tube heater assembly 10 includes a first or top tube sheet or upper tube support 28 and a second or bottom or lower tube support 30. Understandably, the terms top, bottom, upper, and lower are indicative of heater assemblies having generally vertical operating orientations but it is appreciated that the present invention is applicable to other heater configurations and that the functions associated with the same could be provided in alternate orientations.
  • Tube supports 28, 30 are disposed at generally opposite longitudinal ends of tubes 20 and/or tubes 22 and are constructed to provide a desired orientation of the plurality of tubes 20, 22 relative to the generally surrounding housing 12.
  • a heated fluid cavity 34 is formed to generally encircle the surface areas associated with tubes 20, 22 to effectuate an efficient thermal exchange between tubes 20, 22 and the fluid, such as water, that surrounds them.
  • fire tube heater assembly 10 can be utilized to effectuate thermal exchanges between various fluid flows wherein it is desired to maintain fluid isolation between the respective fluid flows regardless of the composition or constituencies of the discrete fluid flows.
  • fire tube heater assembly 10 When utilized as a water heating appliance, fire tube heater assembly 10 includes a heated fluid inlet or water inlet 36 and a heated fluid outlet or water outlet 38 associated with the flow of the heated fluid through fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • the temperature associated with the fluid flow at heated fluid inlet 36 is less than the temperature associated with the fluid flow at heated fluid outlet 38 due to the thermal exchange associated with the thermal interaction of the water fluid flow being directed over and about tubes 20, 22 associated with the combustion gas flows.
  • heated combustion gases travel through tubes 20 in a generally downward direction, indicated by arrows 40, pass through lower tube support 30, are directed toward the plurality of radially outward oriented tubes 22, and exit fire tube heater assembly 10 at a vent pipe 46.
  • Such a flow methodology is only one exemplary flow methodology associated with the present invention. Any condensate generated on the heating fluid side of fire tube heater assembly 10 during the thermal exchange with the heated fluid can be removed from the system via a condensate trap and/or drain 47 disposed in a lower portion of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • the longitudinal length of one or more of tubes 20, 22 changes in response to the thermal exchange between the combustion gases associated with the internal volume defined by tubes 20, 22 and the flow of the heated fluid around the tubes 20, 22. That is, as the thermal output of the combustion process increases and/or decreases, the temperature of the input water increases and/or decreases, and/or the demand increases and/or decreases, the longitudinal lengths of tubes 20, 22 increases and decreases due to the thermal properties of tubes 20, 22 and in response to the deviations in the thermal operations of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • lower tube support 30 is defined by a body 100 that includes a first portion 102 and a second portion 104 that are movable relative to one another in a generally axial direction aligned with a longitudinal axis 24 of one or more of tubes 20, 22.
  • An outer wall 106 of body 100 extends from first portion 102 of lower tube support 30 so as to define a cavity 1 10 therebehind.
  • First and second portions 102, 104 of lower tube support plate 30 are supported by a bellows structure, bellows assembly, or simply a bellows 120 that accommodates deviations in the longitudinal length of one or more of tubes 20, 22 in response to changes in the longitudinal length of tubes 20, 22 as a function of the thermal performance of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • bellows 120 is disclosed below as accommodating changes to the longitudinal length of tubes 20, associated with the primary heat exchange with the heated fluid, it is appreciated that fire tube heater assembly 10 could be configured so that all of tubes 20, 22 were associated with the movable portion of lower tube support 30.
  • Bellows 120 is defined by a first portion 122 that extends in a generally downward and circumferential direction from first portion 102 of lower tube support 30.
  • a second portion 124 of bellows 120 extends from a free or cantilevered end of first portion 122 of bellows 120 in a circumferential and longitudinal direction toward second portion 104 of lower tube support 30.
  • An upper circumferential edge associated with second portion 124 of bellows 120 is sealingly secured to second portion 104 of lower tube support 30.
  • Second portion 124 of bellows 120 has a generally serpentine cross-sectional shape whereas first portion 122 of bellows 120 has a generally planar tubular shape.
  • first portion 122 of bellows 120 accommodates translation of second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 in a direction aligned with the longitudinal axis 24 of tubes 20, 22 relative to first portion 102 of lower tube support 30 during thermal expansion and contraction of tubes 20 during operation of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • first and second portions 102, 104 of lower tube support 20 are show as being generally contained in a common plane that is oriented generally transverse to the longitudinal direction associated with axis 24, it is appreciated that other relative orientations of first portion 102 and second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 are envisioned.
  • Lower tube support 30 includes a generally circumferential groove 130 that is formed between first portion 102 and second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 such that a volume 132 formed between first portion 122 and second portion 124 of bellows 120 can be occupied the heated fluid flow during operation of fire tube heater assembly 10 thereby maintaining a desired operating pressure associated with a pressurized side of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • a volume 140 that generally underlies second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 accommodates the passage of the combustion gases or heating fluid flow associated with the internal passages of tubes 20, supported by second portion 104 of lower tube support 30, between tubes 20, around baffle 120, and toward the radially outward oriented tubes 22.
  • each of a plurality of elongated slots 150, 152 associated with a respective one of first portion 102 and second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 are constructed to accommodate a secure sealed mechanical cooperation of a respective
  • each of tubes 20, 22 is welded to a respective one of the first portion 102 and second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 such that the passages associated with each respective tube 20, 22 is fluidly connected to the volume associated with the opposing lateral side of lower tube support 30 via the respective opening or slot 150, 152 associated with lower tube support 30.
  • tubes 20 have a generally elongate cross section shape and are oriented in a generally radially uniform pattern relative to a longitudinal axis of fire tube heater 10 and tubes 22 are oriented in a radially staggered pattern and such that the longitudinal cross section of each tube 22 is oriented as a crossing direction relative to the longitudinal axis associated with the cross section of the nearest radially inward tube 20 as indicated by slots 150 (Fig. 2) is only one exemplary arrangement of the orientation of tubes 20, 22.
  • Fig. 1 the temperature associated with the heating fluid flow will decrease as it passes in a downward relative direction associated with tubes 20 and an upward relative direction associated with tubes 22 as the thermal energy associated therewith transfers to the working or heated fluid. It should further be appreciated that the temperature of the heated fluid will increase as the working or heated fluid passes in a radially inward direction and/or opposing longitudinal directions associated with the plurality of tubes 20, 22 and experiences a thermal exchange with the outer surfaces of the respective tubes 20, 22 and interacts with the respective baffles 120, 121 associated with directing the flow of working or heated fluid thereacross and through fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • second portion 104 of lower tube support 30 accommodates changes to the longitudinal length of tubes 20 secured thereto in response to deviations associated with the operating load caused by the thermal expansion of the respective tubes 20 and/or 22.
  • second portion 104 of lower tube plate 30 accommodates the elongation of a plurality of tubes 20 associated with operation of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • deformable lower tube support 30 facilitates a robust and secure tube mounting structure such that body 100 associated with lower tube support 30 accommodates deviations in the longitudinal length associated with the plurality of the respective tubes 20, 22 of fire tube heater assembly 10 caused by changes in the thermal loading associated therewith while maintaining of the desired fluid isolation between the combustion gas or heating fluid side or passages and the water or heated fluid side or passages associated with operation of fire tube heater assembly 10.
  • the efficiency associated with the operation of fire tube heater assembly 10 can be affected by the heated fluid inlet flow rate and temperature. Efficiencies of approximately 96.5% to approximately 99.3% can be achieved during various heated fluid flow rater at heated fluid inlets flow temperatures of approximately 4.4 degrees Celsius
  • Fire tube heater assembly 10 is constructed to accommodate a range of on-demand throughputs from approximately 100% of the heated fluid throughputs to approximately 4% of the heated fluid throughout with a negligible deviation to the efficiency associated with fire tube heater assembly 10. Said in another way, the efficiency associated with operation of fire tube heater assembly 10 is maintained across the firing or on- demand operation of the assembly 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble chaudière à tubes de fumée, parfois dénommé chaudières et/ou chauffe-eau, et un procédé rendant possible l'allongement des tubes de fumée associés à de tels dispositifs de chauffage. L'ensemble chaudière à tubes de fumée comprend une pluralité de tubes de fumée qui sont conçus et orientés pour assurer un échange thermique efficace entre le fluide chauffant, généralement un produit de combustion gazeux, et le fluide étant chauffé. Au moins une extrémité de la pluralité de tubes est supportée par un support de tube. Le support de tube comprend un soufflet ou une autre structure déformable qui s'adapte aux changements de longueur longitudinale associés à l'expansion et à la contraction thermiques des tubes de fumée pendant le fonctionnement des ensembles chaudières à tubes de fumée et d'une certaine manière qui maintient la ségrégation entre les flux de fluides chauffant et chauffé.
PCT/IB2016/000082 2015-01-23 2016-01-25 Chaudière à tubes de fumée WO2016116808A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2974300A CA2974300A1 (fr) 2015-01-23 2016-01-25 Chaudiere a tubes de fumee
CN201680006777.6A CN107429908A (zh) 2015-01-23 2016-01-25 火管加热器
US15/544,448 US20180266726A1 (en) 2015-01-23 2016-01-25 Fire Tube Heater
MX2017009391A MX2017009391A (es) 2015-01-23 2016-01-25 Calentador de tubo de fuego.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562107062P 2015-01-23 2015-01-23
US62/107,062 2015-01-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016116808A1 true WO2016116808A1 (fr) 2016-07-28

Family

ID=56416481

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2016/000082 WO2016116808A1 (fr) 2015-01-23 2016-01-25 Chaudière à tubes de fumée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180266726A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107429908A (fr)
CA (1) CA2974300A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2017009391A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016116808A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2019792B1 (en) * 2017-10-24 2019-04-29 Micro Turbine Tech B V Heat exchanger comprising a stack of cells and method of manufacturing such a heat exchanger
CN112963821A (zh) * 2021-03-01 2021-06-15 河南农业职业学院 一种使用高粘度燃油的锅炉及其余热回收装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1018847A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-10-11 Deltak Corporation Vertical firetube waste heat boiler
EP0190701A2 (fr) * 1985-02-05 1986-08-13 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Structure de joint pour une plaque d'extrémité et un tube
EP0581663A1 (fr) * 1992-07-30 1994-02-02 Saunier Duval Eau Chaude Chauffage - Sdecc S.A. Echangeur de chaleur à nappe de tubes d'eau notamment pour chaudière à condensation

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4921680A (en) * 1989-09-12 1990-05-01 International Fuel Cells Corporation Reformer seal plate arrangement
US20090165733A1 (en) * 2007-12-26 2009-07-02 Ferguson Mark A Inwardly firing burner and uses thereof
JP5829606B2 (ja) * 2009-06-29 2015-12-09 カリフォルニア・インスティテュート・オブ・テクノロジーＣａｌｉｆｏｒｎｉａ Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ Ｏｆｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ 単一細胞からの未知の再配列されたｔ細胞受容体の単離
CN201582780U (zh) * 2009-12-30 2010-09-15 裴光泰 立式三回程火管锅炉
CN203518244U (zh) * 2013-10-22 2014-04-02 宝鸡市鑫旺机械设备有限公司 用于卧式锅炉的新式火筒结构

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1018847A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-10-11 Deltak Corporation Vertical firetube waste heat boiler
EP0190701A2 (fr) * 1985-02-05 1986-08-13 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Structure de joint pour une plaque d'extrémité et un tube
EP0581663A1 (fr) * 1992-07-30 1994-02-02 Saunier Duval Eau Chaude Chauffage - Sdecc S.A. Echangeur de chaleur à nappe de tubes d'eau notamment pour chaudière à condensation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107429908A (zh) 2017-12-01
MX2017009391A (es) 2018-02-09
US20180266726A1 (en) 2018-09-20
CA2974300A1 (fr) 2016-07-28

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