WO2016115763A1

WO2016115763A1 - Common-posture gather azimuthal angle analysis and correction method and device

Info

Publication number: WO2016115763A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/073611
Authority: WO
Inventors: 何登科; 彭苏萍
Original assignee: 中国矿业大学(北京)
Priority date: 2015-01-21
Filing date: 2015-03-04
Publication date: 2016-07-28
Also published as: CN104570111A; CN104570111B

Abstract

A common-posture gather azimuthal angle analysis and correction method and device, the method comprising: identifying a posture of a detector in a common-detection-point gather, and extracting seismic data having the same posture therefrom to form a common-posture gather (102); performing azimuthal angle deviation value analysis on each common-posture gather and acquiring an azimuthal angle deviation value of the detector in a corresponding posture therefrom (103); performing azimuthal angle correction on three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector according to the azimuthal angle deviation value of the detector of each common-posture gather (104); and performing dip angle correction on the three-component seismic data subjected to the azimuthal angle correction according to a dip angle provided by a seismic acquisition system so as to obtain final three-component seismic data (105). Common-posture gathers are proposed, and azimuthal angle analysis and correction are carried out on different common-posture gathers independently; meanwhile, a theoretical error of dip angle correction and azimuthal angle correction corresponding to a matrix operation is overcome; therefore, by means of the method, high-fidelity transverse-wave seismic data and longitudinal-wave seismic data can be obtained.

Description

Common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method and device

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a device for analyzing and correcting azimuth angles of a total attitude gather in multi-wave seismic exploration.

Background technique

Multi-wave seismic exploration, also known as converted wave seismic exploration, or three-dimensional three-component (3D3C) seismic exploration, is one of the two major branching techniques in applied geophysical exploration; the other major branching technique is longitudinal wave seismic exploration. Seismic survey observation data that only receives a single component is a scalar seismic survey. Specifically, multi-wave seismic exploration is a seismic survey observation data that uses three components to simultaneously receive three components, Z component, X component, and Y component. The polarization directions of the widely used three-component detectors are mutually orthogonal, wherein the polarization direction of the Z component is the vertical direction, which is equivalent to the detector in the longitudinal wave seismic survey; the polarization directions of the X component and the Y component are in the horizontal plane, respectively Points to the X and Y axes.

Since seismic waves generated by artificial source excitation in seismic exploration are bulk waves, if only one component is received, the entire wavefield information will not be received, which makes it difficult to obtain the entire wavefield information in the later data processing process, which is not conducive to underground. The medium performs a more accurate and comprehensive lithological interpretation. However, the three orthogonal detectors used in multi-wave seismic exploration can receive three orthogonal components of the wavefield information, which can accurately recover the entire wavefield information, so as to achieve high resolution and high fidelity of the underground medium. Lithology exploration provides high quality data protection.

Three-component detectors are used in multi-wave seismic surveys, so the attitude of the detector, ie the azimuth of the three components and the azimuth of the horizontal component, are extremely important parameters. At present, seismic acquisition manufacturers generally design three-component inclination detecting devices and systems for producing three-component detectors, which can automatically detect and acquire the inclination of three components during the seismic acquisition process. At the same time, the three-component seismic data received under the tilt state can also be corrected by mathematical transformation (for example, SERCEL 428 acquisition system). However, the azimuth measurement of the X component is not currently well designed and applied in the instrument. Although SERCEL has designed a GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna device in its DSUGPS type detector, it can pass GPS. The data is located and calculated based on the data to obtain azimuth data. However, due to the influence of GPS positioning and calculation time, the acquisition speed is slower and the production and construction cost is relatively large, which has not been promoted and applied at present. Therefore, azimuth analysis using the two horizontal component seismic data received is a general scheme.

At present, in-depth research has been carried out on the azimuth analysis of two horizontal component data seismic data in multi-wave seismic exploration at home and abroad, and the research results have also been applied in production practice. However, there are still two factors that have not been fully studied, and the actual application effect needs to be improved.

First, the same azimuth deviation value is corrected for azimuth correction of all seismic data in the co-detection locus. The theoretical basis for this is to assume that the principles of surface consistency and the state of the detectors at the same position are consistent in the field construction process. However, in the actual field collection process, due to the rolling acquisition phenomenon of the monolithic observation system, the detectors at the edge of the monolithic observation system may need to be inserted and removed multiple times, and the postures of the detectors disposed at different times may be different. The second is to separate the tilt correction from the azimuth correction, first to correct the tilt angle, then Perform azimuth analysis and correction. The theoretical basis for this is that the correction matrix of both the detector tilt correction and the horizontal component orientation correction can satisfy the matrix operation exchange law. However, this is inconsistent with the matrix operation theory. Only when there is no azimuth deviation or azimuth deviation is small, and the azimuth correction matrix can be approximated as a unit matrix, the matrix operation exchange law can be satisfied, and the inclination correction can be performed first, and then the azimuth angle can be performed. Correction.

The inventors found in the research that in the prior art, due to the above two factors, the fidelity of vector seismic data in multi-wave seismic exploration is affected. The present invention proposes a new azimuth analysis and correction method for these two factors.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method and apparatus for obtaining high fidelity shear wave seismic data and high fidelity longitudinal wave seismic data in multiwave seismic survey.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method, including:

Identifying the attitude of the detector in the common detection wave track, and extracting seismic data with the same attitude from the recognition result to form a common attitude gather;

Performing azimuth deviation value analysis for each common attitude gather, and obtaining the detector azimuth deviation value corresponding to each common attitude gather seismic data from the analysis result;

Performing azimuth correction on the seismic data corresponding to the detector according to the detector azimuth deviation value of each common attitude gather, the seismic data including three-component seismic data;

According to the inclination angle provided by the seismic acquisition system, the azimuth corrected three-component seismic data is tilt corrected to obtain the final three-component seismic data.

With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the three components include an R component, a T component, and a V component;

The posture of the detector is identified in the common detection wave track, and the seismic data having the same posture is extracted from the recognition result to form a common attitude gather, including:

According to the magnitude of the respective dip angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system and the construction record data, all the postures of the detector are divided in the common detection wave gather data;

Seismic data with the same attitude is extracted from the common detection wave track to form a common attitude gather.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein all postures of the detector are divided in the common detection point gather data, including :

Reading the inclination angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system according to the time sequence of the detectors in the construction class report records;

When it is detected that the inclination values of the three components in different arrangement times in the common detector track data are different, the inclination value of the three components is used as the attitude recognition code, or the combined value of the inclination values of the three components is taken as Gesture identification code;

When it is detected that at least two seismic data in the common detector track gather data have the same inclination angles of the three components in different arrangement times, the deployment time is added as the attitude recognition code on the inclination values of the respective three components, or The arrangement time is added to the combined value of the inclination angles of the three components as the gesture identification code.

In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the azimuth correction of the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector includes:

According to a preset formula, azimuth correction is performed on the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector; the preset formula includes:

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein acquiring a geophone azimuth deviation value in a corresponding posture of each seismic data includes :

According to the principle that the energy ratio of the R component and the T component is maximum under the preset condition, the angle scan method is used to analyze and obtain the detector azimuth deviation value corresponding to each common attitude gather data; wherein the preset condition includes the horizontal posture And unbiased posture.

With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the energy ratio of the R component and the T component is maximum according to a preset condition, The angle scan method is used to analyze and obtain the azimuth deviation value of the detector under the attitude corresponding to each common attitude gather data, including:

Selecting preset parameters, the preset parameters include a preset in-phase time range, a maximum and minimum range of the preset azimuth deviation, and a scan angle step;

According to the preset parameters, the seismic data is sequentially subjected to azimuth and inclination correction, and the energy ratios of the corresponding R component and the T component are calculated;

The maximum value is selected among all the energy ratios, wherein the azimuth deviation value corresponding to the maximum value of the energy ratio is the detector azimuth deviation value.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction apparatus, including:

a recognition unit, configured to identify a posture of the detector in the common detection wave track;

Extracting unit, configured to extract seismic data having the same posture from the recognition result of the identification unit to form a common attitude gather;

The azimuth deviation value analysis unit is configured to perform azimuth deviation value analysis on the common attitude gather set extracted by each extraction unit;

An acquiring unit, configured to obtain, from the analysis result of the azimuth deviation value analyzing unit, a detector azimuth deviation value in a corresponding posture of each common attitude gather;

The azimuth correction unit is configured to perform azimuth correction on the seismic data corresponding to the detector according to the detector azimuth deviation value of each common attitude gather acquired by the acquisition unit, and the seismic data includes three-component seismic data;

The tilt correction unit is configured to perform tilt correction on the azimuth corrected three-component seismic data according to the tilt angle provided by the seismic acquisition system to obtain final three-component seismic data.

With reference to the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, wherein the three components include an R component, a T component, and a V component;

The identification unit includes:

Dividing a sub-unit for dividing all the postures of the detector in the common detection wave gather data according to the magnitude of the respective dip angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system and the construction shift report data;

The extraction unit includes:

The extraction subunit is configured to extract seismic data having the same posture in the common detection wave track set to form a common attitude gather.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the dividing subunit includes:

The reading module is configured to read the inclination angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system according to the time sequence of the detectors in the construction class report record;

a determining module, configured to use the inclination value of the three components as the attitude recognition code or the three components when the inclination values of the three components in different layout times are different in the detected common detector gather data The combined value of the inclination angle is used as the gesture identification code;

The determining module is further configured to: when detecting that at least two seismic data in the common detector track gather data have the same dip angles of the three components in different arrangement times, increase the laying time on the inclination values of the respective three components As the gesture identification code, or alternatively, the arrangement time is added to the combined value of the inclination angles of the three components as the gesture identification code.

In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the azimuth correction unit comprises:

The azimuth correction sub-unit is configured to perform azimuth correction on the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector according to a preset formula; the preset formula includes:

The co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention provide azimuth analysis and correction separately by proposing a common attitude gather and different common pose gathers, and simultaneously overcome the first tilt correction, and then proceed The azimuth correction corresponds to the theoretical error of the matrix operation, and therefore has the advantages of being able to accurately recover the vector characteristics of the multi-wave seismic data compared with the prior art:

One: to obtain high-fidelity shear wave seismic data. After being processed by the method of the present invention, the theoretical errors in the currently used method are corrected, and the two-component data of the transverse wave is more accurately corrected and restored, the expected data requirements of the construction design are met, and the later data processing and inversion interpretation are guaranteed. In order to fully exploit the advantages of multi-wave seismic exploration.

Second: the ability to obtain high-fidelity longitudinal seismic data. After processing by the method of the present invention, the seismic data of the three components received by the multi-wave detector can be accurately restored to the three orthogonal components of the theoretically designed wavefield. The data of the longitudinal wave component records not only the vibration in the vertical direction, but also ensures that the vibration propagated in the accurate inspection direction is recorded. However, in the conventional single-component longitudinal wave seismic survey, although the vibration in the vertical direction is recorded on the longitudinal wave detector after the tilt angle correction, since the heading information is not corrected, the tilt angle correction is arbitrary. The side wave field information brought into the indefinite orientation affects the quality of the longitudinally recorded data obtained. In addition, in the multi-wave detector azimuth correction method currently used, since the azimuth angle analysis is after the tilt angle correction, the longitudinal wave component obtained by the final correction is also arbitrarily brought into the side wave field information in the indefinite orientation.

The above described objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the aspects of the appended claims.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings show only certain embodiments of the present invention, and therefore It should be seen as a limitation of scope.

1 is a schematic view showing a rolling construction arrangement of an observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison before and after correction of a common component detection point gather data of an X component 566 detector in a common attitude gather set azimuth analysis and correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing several horizontal coordinate systems in a common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

4 is a flow chart showing a method for analyzing and correcting azimuth of a common attitude gather set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition unit in a common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention in the claims All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention relates to azimuth correction of a transverse wave (horizontal component) detector in multi-wave (converted wave) seismic exploration, and proposes a new calibration method for accurately analyzing the azimuth of the transverse wave detector and correcting it to ensure high fidelity is received. Three-component seismic data for multi-wave seismic survey data Processing and interpretation inversion provides high quality vector observation data to safeguard and promote scientific and industrial applications of multiwave seismic exploration.

The object of the present invention is to obtain a relatively reliable azimuth angle by using the seismic data received by the detector in multi-wave seismic exploration, and then applying the value to correct the seismic data to obtain high-fidelity vector seismic data. The features of the invention are:

First, the concept of co-statue gathers is proposed, and the analysis and correction of azimuth are carried out in a common pose. In the common detection wave track set, different seismic data sub-track sets are divided according to the posture of the detector, which is defined as a common attitude gather. This is different from the method currently used. At present, the position of the detector is not distinguished. As long as the physical position of the detector is the same, all the corresponding seismic data are put together for azimuth analysis and correction, that is, there is only one azimuth deviation value in the common detection point gather.

In the field of seismic exploration field acquisition, multiple coverage techniques are common techniques. In order to obtain a uniform coverage, the seismic observation system will move forward a certain distance according to the design requirements and roll construction. Generally, at the junction of the two observation systems, the physical position of the same detector will be arranged at different construction times. As shown in Figure 1, the above figure is a single-chip observation system. The following figure is the observation system after rolling. There are two bundles, three bundles each, which are numbered 1 to 6, respectively. The numerical serial number also indicates the sequence of rolling construction. . In general, the field construction team will have a total of more than one and a half (ie 3/2) of the total number of multi-wave detectors in a single-chip array. Therefore, in the same beam construction process, the observation system of adjacent pieces will not have more detectors. The situation of the second deployment. However, in the case where the different beams overlap, there are cases where the detector is placed multiple times at the same detector position. As shown in Fig. 1, the 1, 2 single piece and the 5, 6 single piece overlapping portion, the detector position is arranged at least twice in the same detector position, that is, at least two different postures. In actual construction, there are often more than two postures for various reasons. State detector. Therefore, the position of the received seismic wave information will be different because of the difference in inclination and azimuth of the detectors arranged at different times.

Figure 2 shows the X-component seismic data received by the detector No. 566 in a certain work area (after linear motion correction), and the left figure is the data before the azimuth correction of the detector, because the detector has different postures, resulting in The received seismic data has a large difference in appearance and even reverse polarity. If the same azimuth analysis is performed without distinguishing the posture, it will be impossible to accurately complete the correction. The picture on the right is the R component seismic data after analysis and correction by the sub-pose. It can be seen that the in-phase axis displayed on the corrected seismic data is continuous.

In addition, regarding the attitude recognition problem of the detector, it can be combined with the following two kinds of data: one is the inclination of the three components automatically recorded from the field collection system; the other is the construction of the detector recorded in the field construction class report. time. Under normal circumstances, both data can provide the basis for dividing the attitude of the detector, especially the class report. However, if it is determined solely by the angle of inclination, it is necessary to pay attention to the detector layout time. The azimuth of the same detector disposed at two different times may be different, and the inclination may be the same, although this possibility is very small. In this case, it is necessary to increase the construction laying time to accurately distinguish the posture of the detector.

Second, in the process of the inclination correction and the azimuth deviation correction, the azimuth deviation correction is performed first, and then the inclination correction is performed. This is different from the method currently used. At present, the inclination correction is performed first, and then the azimuth deviation correction is performed. The correction method currently used is theoretically wrong.

In multi-wave seismic exploration, it is assumed that the energy of the seismic body wave can be decomposed into the R component, the T component, and the V component. The R component is connected along the detection point of the shot point, that is, the inspection direction, the T component is along the tangential direction of the inspection direction, the V component is along the vertical direction, and the three components R, T and V form an orthogonal rectangular coordinate system. Actual In production, it is necessary to set the detectors of X, Y and Z components to a horizontal and unbiased attitude, that is, the polarization direction of X points to the detection line, the polarization direction of Y is perpendicular to the detection line, and X and Y are at the horizontal plane, Z The polarization direction is a plumb line. Only when the detector is in a horizontal and unbiased attitude, the original X, Y, and Z three-component earthquakes can be corrected to obtain high-fidelity R, T, and V three-component seismic data. However, for various reasons, the X, Y, and Z three-component detectors cannot be placed in a horizontal, unbiased attitude, and tilt and azimuth deviations are generated. Therefore, correction of the tilt and azimuth angles is required, which is mathematically represented as implementing coordinate rotation. The final coordinate transformation matrix can be formed by sequentially rotating the three coordinate axes of X, Y, and Z. The three-component energy received in practice can be expressed as equation (1)

Where T _Z , T _Y and T _X represent rotation matrices along the Z, Y and X axes, respectively, each of which is a 3 × 3 matrix, and the matrix elements represent the corresponding direction cosine values. The related theory about the rotation matrix is the same as that in the mathematical field. The final rotation matrix can be represented by the result of multiplication of the rotation matrices corresponding to the three coordinate axes. T _tilt is the rotation matrix corresponding to the tilt posture. In the current multi-wave acquisition system instrument production process, the manufacturer has designed a tilt attitude detection and correction function module (such as SERCEL428 acquisition system), the correction is equivalent to the product of T _Y and T _X .

If you want to obtain high-fidelity R, T and V components, you need to perform rotation correction on the three-component seismic data X, Y and Z received in the field, that is, transform the formula (1), and the transformation is as follows ( 2) shown

"-1" in the formula (2) represents the inverse of the matrix. In the process of receiving seismic data in the field, the seismic acquisition system generally uses the detected dip value to directly correct the inclination of the X, Y and Z component seismic data. In the current calibration method, it is directly performed on the three-component seismic data after the field tilt correction, that is, the tilt correction is performed first in the correction process of the entire attitude, and then the azimuth correction is performed, that is, the calculation used. The formula is shown in formula (3):

The matrix operation satisfies the combination law. Therefore, in the currently used formula (3), the tilt correction matrix T _tilt ^{-1 is} first calculated with the three-component data received in the field to realize the tilt correction, and then the azimuth correction matrix T _{Z is implemented.} ^-1 operation. There is no problem with this process. However, a theoretical condition required for the operation of equation (3) is that the matrix multiplication operation must satisfy the commutative law to convert equation (2) into equation (3). From the perspective of matrix operation theory, this is impossible because matrix multiplication does not satisfy the commutative law. Therefore, the method of detector attitude correction in the three-component seismic exploration currently used is not in accordance with the basic theory and is wrong.

Therefore, the correct method for correcting the attitude of the detector in the three-component seismic survey should be carried out according to the method of the present invention, that is, according to the formula (2), the azimuth correction is performed first, and then the tilt correction is performed, that is, if the field collection process has been carried out For the inclination correction, the anti-tilt correction is needed first, then the azimuth correction is performed, and then the inclination correction is performed to ensure the high-fidelity recovery of the multi-wave seismic data and meet the design requirements in the seismic exploration construction scheme.

In the method provided by the present invention, azimuth analysis and correction are separately implemented due to the proposed common attitude gather and different common attitude gathers, and the tilt correction and azimuth correction corresponding matrix are overcome. The theoretical error is calculated, so compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of being able to accurately recover the vector characteristics of multi-wave seismic data:

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a method for analyzing and correcting a common attitude gather azimuth according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the present invention provides a co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method for azimuth analysis and correction of a transverse wave detector in multi-wave seismic exploration. The method includes two technical measures: one is to extract different common attitude gathers in the common detection wave track set, and the subsequent azimuth analysis and correction are performed in the common attitude track set, even if the same detector, as long as the posture is different Statistical analysis and correction cannot be performed together. The second is to correct the current azimuth analysis. And the technical solution of the correction, the azimuth analysis and correction in the current scheme is that after the inclination correction, there is a theoretical error in the scheme. Azimuth analysis and correction are used in the present invention prior to tilt correction.

Step 101: The original data of the three components in the multi-wave seismic survey is subjected to a gather set, and the seismic data of the same detector is extracted to form a common detective gather.

Step 102: Identify the posture of the detector in the common detection track gather, and extract seismic data having the same posture from the recognition result to form a common attitude gather.

Specifically, different co-attitude gathers are sorted in the common checkpoints. In the common detection wave point concentrating, according to the inclination angle of the three components recorded by the field collection system, combined with the detector placement time recorded in the construction class report, different subsets are divided to form different common attitude gathers.

Step 103: Perform azimuth deviation value analysis on each common attitude gather, and obtain a detector azimuth deviation value in each joint gesture set corresponding posture from the analysis result.

Specifically, the azimuth deviation value analysis is performed in the common attitude track set, and the detector azimuth deviation value in the posture is obtained.

Assume that the tilt correction matrix is expressed as equation (4)

Each element in the matrix can be calculated by the inclination of each of the X and Y components. For details, refer to the specific vector calculation formula. See also the SERCEL user manual.

In the azimuth analysis, it is assumed that the data corresponding to N shots in a single attitude (ie, N-channel data) corresponds to the same azimuth deviation value θ, and a certain shot corresponds to an azimuth angle (as shown in FIG. 3). ), The azimuth of the shot detector can be calculated according to the geodetic coordinates of the shot and the detected point, and the azimuth rotation matrix is

Substituting the formulas (4) and (5) into the formula (2), simplifying and noting that A ₁₂ ≡ 0 in the tilt correction matrix, obtaining high-fidelity three-component data

The method of angle spectrum scanning is used in the azimuth analysis process. The specific implementation steps and principles are as follows: 1 Input all the original three-component seismic data in the same attitude, that is, the common attitude gather seismic data. 2 Set the azimuth deviation value range, generally set to -90 ° to 90 °; 3 set the azimuth deviation value scanning interval, generally can be set 3 °, if the need for higher precision, you can choose 1 °, but The computer will spend more time; 4 set a certain phase time range on the seismic data, and the angle scan will be performed on the same phase axis. The general motion correction can be performed first to reduce the influence of the offset on the time of the phase of the phase, and then the time of the phase is selected in the motion data; or the time of the phase with the offset can be selected. 5 In the time range of the selected in-phase axis, select the angle according to the angle scanning interval, calculate the R and T components according to the formula (6) for the seismic data in the same attitude, and compare the R and T component energies of all the seismic traces. Add, then calculate the ratio of the sum of the energy of the R component to the sum of the energy of the T component. Record the energy ratio corresponding to different scanning angles. 6 Find the largest energy ratio among all the scan angle values, and the scan angle corresponding to the maximum ratio is the azimuth deviation value.

Step 104: Perform azimuth correction on the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector under the attitude according to the detector azimuth deviation value of each common attitude gather, and the seismic data includes three-component seismic data.

Step 105: Perform tilt correction on the azimuth corrected three-component seismic data according to the tilt angle provided by the seismic acquisition system to obtain the final three-component seismic data.

Specifically, in step 104 and step 105, applying the azimuth deviation value obtained in the third step (ie, step 103) of the present invention and the dip angle value obtained in the acquisition system are performed in accordance with formula (6) in the common attitude track set. The three-component seismic data is corrected to obtain high-fidelity three-component seismic data.

After the correction by the formula (6), not only the data of the two horizontal transverse wave components of the high fidelity R and T but also the high fidelity data of the longitudinal wave V component can be obtained. Because the correct processing method is adopted, in addition to obtaining two high-fidelity transverse wave components, high-fidelity longitudinal wave data can also be obtained, because the correct longitudinal wave data is propagated along the inspection direction after correct correction by the method of the present invention. This is consistent with classical theory.

Referring to FIG. 5, the present invention also provides a co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction apparatus, including:

The identification sheet 21 is used to identify the posture of the detector in the collective point of the common detection track.

The extracting unit 22 is configured to extract seismic data having the same posture from the recognition result of the recognition unit 21 to form a common attitude gather.

The azimuth deviation value analysis unit 23 is configured to perform azimuth deviation value analysis on the common attitude gather set extracted by each extraction unit 22.

The obtaining unit 24 is configured to obtain the detector azimuth deviation value in the corresponding posture of each common attitude gather from the analysis result of the azimuth deviation value analyzing unit 23.

The azimuth correction unit 25 is configured to perform azimuth correction on the seismic data corresponding to the detector according to the detector azimuth deviation value of each common attitude gather acquired by the acquisition unit 24, and the seismic data includes three-component seismic data.

The tilt correction unit 26 is configured to perform tilt correction on the azimuth corrected three-component seismic data according to the tilt angle provided by the seismic acquisition system to obtain final three-component seismic data.

Further, in the common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device, the three components include an R component, a T component, and a V component;

The identification unit 21 includes:

The sub-unit is divided for all the postures of the detector in the common detection wave gather data according to the size of the three components of the seismic acquisition system and the construction shift record data.

The extraction unit 22 includes:

Further, in the common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device, the dividing subunit includes:

The reading module is configured to read the inclination angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system according to the time sequence of the detectors in the construction class report record.

a determining module, configured to use the inclination value of the three components as the attitude recognition code or the three components when the inclination values of the three components in different layout times are different in the detected common detector gather data The combined value of the inclination is used as the gesture identification code.

Further, in the common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device, the azimuth correction unit 25 includes:

Further, in the common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device, the acquiring unit is specifically configured to analyze and acquire each common attitude track by using an angle scanning method according to the principle that the energy ratio of the R component and the T component is maximum under a preset condition. The detector azimuth deviation value in the attitude corresponding to the data set; wherein the preset condition includes a horizontal posture and an unbiased posture.

Further, referring to FIG. 6, in the common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device, the obtaining unit 24 includes:

The sub-unit 241 is selected to select preset parameters, and the preset parameters include a preset in-phase time range, a maximum and minimum range of the preset azimuth deviation, and a scan angle step.

The azimuth and tilt test correction unit 242 is configured to sequentially perform azimuth and tilt correction on the seismic data according to the preset parameters selected by the selection subunit 241.

The calculating sub-unit 243 is configured to calculate the energy ratio of the corresponding R component and the T component according to the correction result of the azimuth angle and tilt angle trial subunit 242.

The selection sub-unit 244 is configured to select a maximum value among all the energy ratios calculated by the calculation sub-unit 243, wherein the azimuth deviation value corresponding to the maximum value of the energy ratio is a detector azimuth deviation value.

The co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides azimuth analysis and correction separately by proposing a common attitude gather and different common pose gathers, and overcomes the first tilt correction and then the azimuth. Correcting the theoretical error of the corresponding matrix operation, and therefore having the advantages of being able to accurately recover the vector characteristics of the multi-wave seismic data compared with the prior art:

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. It should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

A method for azimuth analysis and correction of a common attitude gather, characterized in that it comprises:

Identifying the attitude of the detector in the common detection wave track, and extracting seismic data with the same attitude from the recognition result to form a common attitude gather;

Performing an azimuth deviation value analysis on each of the common attitude gathers, and obtaining a detector azimuth deviation value in each of the common attitude gathers corresponding postures from the analysis result;

Performing azimuth correction on the seismic data corresponding to the detector according to the detector azimuth deviation value of each of the common attitude gathers, the seismic data including three-component seismic data;

According to the inclination angle provided by the seismic acquisition system, the azimuth corrected three-component seismic data is tilt corrected to obtain the final three-component seismic data.
The co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method according to claim 1, wherein the three components comprise an R component, a T component, and a V component;

The posture of the detector is identified in the common detection wave track, and the seismic data having the same posture is extracted from the recognition result to form a common attitude gather, including:

Determining all postures of the detector in the common detection point gather data according to the magnitude of the respective dip angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system and the construction shift report data;

Seismic data with the same attitude is extracted from the common detection wave track to form a common attitude gather.
The co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method according to claim 2, wherein all the postures of the detector are divided in the common detection point gather data, including:

Reading the inclination angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system according to the time sequence of the detectors in the construction class report records;

When it is detected that the inclination values of the three components in different arrangement times in the common detector track data are different, the inclination value of the three components is used as the attitude recognition code, or the combined value of the inclination values of the three components is taken as Gesture identification code;

When it is detected that at least two seismic data in the common detector track data have the same inclination angles of three components in different arrangement times, the deployment time is added as the attitude identification code on the inclination values of the respective three components. Or, the arrangement time is added to the combined value of the inclination angles of the three components as the gesture identification code.
The azimuth angle analysis and correction method for a common attitude gather set according to claim 3, wherein the azimuth correction of the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector comprises:

Performing azimuth correction on the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector according to a preset formula; the preset formula includes:
The co-attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction method according to claim 2, wherein acquiring the detector azimuth deviation value in each of the seismic data corresponding postures comprises:

According to the principle that the energy ratio of the R component and the T component is maximum under the preset condition, the angle azimuth deviation value of the detector corresponding to each of the common attitude gather data is analyzed by an angle scanning method; wherein the preset Conditions include horizontal and unbiased gestures.
The azimuth angle analysis and correction method for a common attitude gather according to claim 5, wherein the angle is the largest according to the principle that the energy ratio of the R component and the T component is maximum according to a preset condition The scanning method analyzes and obtains the detector azimuth deviation value in the attitude corresponding to each of the common attitude gather data, including:

Selecting a preset parameter, the preset parameter includes a preset in-phase time range, a maximum and a minimum range of the preset azimuth deviation, and a scan angle step;

Performing azimuth and tilt correction on the seismic data according to the preset parameter, and calculating an energy ratio of the corresponding R component and the T component;

A maximum value is selected among all energy ratios, wherein the azimuth deviation value corresponding to the maximum value of the energy ratio is a detector azimuth deviation value.
A common attitude gather azimuth analysis and correction device, comprising:

a recognition unit, configured to identify a posture of the detector in the common detection wave track;

And an extracting unit, configured to extract seismic data having the same posture from the recognition result of the identification unit to form a common attitude gather;

An azimuth deviation value analysis unit, configured to perform azimuth deviation value analysis on the common attitude gather set extracted by each of the extraction units;

An acquiring unit, configured to obtain, from the analysis result of the azimuth deviation value analysis unit, a detector azimuth deviation value in each corresponding posture of the common attitude gather;

An azimuth correction unit, configured to perform azimuth correction on the seismic data corresponding to the detector according to the detector azimuth deviation value of each common attitude gather acquired by the acquisition unit, the seismic data including three-component seismic data ;

The tilt correction unit is configured to perform tilt correction on the azimuth corrected three-component seismic data according to the tilt angle provided by the seismic acquisition system to obtain final three-component seismic data.
The apparatus for azimuth analysis and correction of a common attitude gather according to claim 7, wherein the three components comprise an R component, a T component, and a V component;

The identification unit includes:

Dividing a subunit for dividing all the postures of the detector in the common detection point gather data according to the magnitude of the respective dip angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system and the construction shift record data;

The extraction unit includes:

The extraction subunit is configured to extract seismic data having the same posture in the common detection wave track set to form a common attitude gather.
The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the dividing subunit comprises:

a reading module, configured to read, according to the time sequence of the detectors in the construction class report, the dip angles of the three components measured by the seismic acquisition system;

a determining module, configured to use the inclination value of the three components as the attitude recognition code or the three components when the inclination values of the three components in different layout times are different in the detected common detector gather data The combined value of the inclination angle is used as the gesture identification code;

The determining module is further configured to: when detecting that the dip angles of the three components of the at least two seismic data in different time of the different times in the common detector gather data are the same, the inclination values of the three components are respectively The routing time is added as the gesture identification code, or the routing time is added to the combined value of the inclination angles of the three components as the gesture identification code.
The azimuth angle analysis and correction apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the azimuth correction unit comprises:

The azimuth correction subunit is configured to perform azimuth correction on the three-component seismic data corresponding to the detector according to a preset formula; the preset formula includes: