一种煤矿风道通风流量在线监测系统Online monitoring system for ventilation flow of coal mine air duct
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种煤矿风道通风流量在线监测系统,属于煤矿通风流量监测技术领域。The invention relates to an online monitoring system for ventilation flow of coal mine airway, belonging to the technical field of coal mine ventilation flow monitoring.
背景技术Background technique
煤炭生产由于受客观自然条件的影响,其固定设备故障率远远高于其他工业设备。通风机是煤矿生产中至关重要的矿用设备之一,它担负着向矿井输送空气,以降低有害气体浓度并带走悬浮的煤尘,来提供矿井作业工人一个安全、可靠、良好的工作条件,其性能关系到工作人员的人身安全和设备运行的经济性,通风机的性能下降、故障是导致瓦斯爆炸的主要原因之一。因此,只有合理对通风机的运行监测和后期维护,才能保证煤矿井下安全和提高井下作业环境以及提升通风机的经济效益和工作效率。Due to the influence of objective natural conditions, coal production has a far higher failure rate of fixed equipment than other industrial equipment. The ventilator is one of the most important mining equipment in coal mine production. It is responsible for conveying air to the mine to reduce the concentration of harmful gases and take away the suspended coal dust to provide a safe, reliable and good job for the mine workers. Conditions, its performance is related to the personal safety of the staff and the economics of the operation of the equipment, the performance of the ventilator is degraded, and the failure is one of the main causes of gas explosion. Therefore, only reasonable operation monitoring and post-maintenance of the ventilator can ensure the safety of underground coal mines and improve the underground working environment and improve the economic efficiency and working efficiency of the ventilator.
煤矿通风道内测量环境恶劣,其主要表现在风流中夹杂着大量的杂质、灰尘、水汽,且气流方向不稳定,这就导致目前的一些煤矿通风流量测量方法不能直接对流量进行测量或者其测量误差较大。目前,矿井实际使用的通风流量测量通常采用风速表测量法、测压管测量法、压差计测量法等。The measurement environment in the ventilation channel of coal mine is bad. It is mainly characterized by a large amount of impurities, dust and water vapor mixed in the wind flow, and the direction of the air flow is unstable. This leads to the current measurement methods of the ventilation flow of some coal mines that cannot directly measure the flow or the measurement error. Larger. At present, the actual ventilation flow measurement used in the mine usually uses an anemometer measurement method, a pressure tube measurement method, a differential pressure meter measurement method, and the like.
风速表测量法,要求测风点选择在阻力调节装置至通风机间某处气流最平稳,涡流最小的截面上,但现场风道的布置往往很难选择这样有足够长度、较均匀的风速场测量断面,因而使测量结果有很大的误差。另外工作人员需要进入风道中,不仅影响测量准确性,而且劳动条件很差,占用时间也较长。同时,这种方法也无法进行在线监测。The anemometer measurement method requires that the wind measurement point be selected from the resistance adjustment device to the ventilator where the airflow is the most stable and the vortex flow is the smallest, but the arrangement of the site air passage is often difficult to select such a sufficient length and uniform wind speed field. The cross section is measured, thus causing a large error in the measurement results. In addition, the staff needs to enter the air duct, which not only affects the measurement accuracy, but also has poor working conditions and long occupation time. At the same time, this method cannot be monitored online.
测压管和压差计测量法中,皮托管本身对气流方向有较强的敏感性,常因安装不准确或不牢受风流吹动而偏离风流方向,影响测量的准确性;再者由于对实际的矿井风量的测量是在通风道内进行的,而在实际的矿井风道内条件相当恶劣,风流中夹杂着大量的杂质、灰尘、水汽,容易造成测压孔堵塞等问题,从而造成流量计失效,测量的准确度与可靠性得不到保证。
In the pieometry and differential pressure gauge measurement method, the pitot tube itself has strong sensitivity to the direction of the airflow, and often deviates from the direction of the wind flow due to inaccurate installation or insufficiency of the wind flow, which affects the accuracy of the measurement; The measurement of the actual mine air volume is carried out in the air duct, and the conditions in the actual mine air duct are quite bad. The air flow is mixed with a large amount of impurities, dust and water vapor, which easily causes problems such as blockage of the pressure measuring hole, thus causing the flow meter. Failure, the accuracy and reliability of the measurement are not guaranteed.
由此看来现有各种测量技术在测量的过程中,存在着各自的弊端,在风道恶劣的环境下,无法进行长时间,有效而又精准的工作。因此需要对现有的风道通风流量测量技术进行有效改进。From this point of view, the existing measurement techniques have their own drawbacks in the measurement process. In the harsh environment of the wind tunnel, it is impossible to perform long-term, effective and accurate work. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively improve the existing air duct ventilation flow measurement technology.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种煤矿风道通风流量在线监测系统,本系统可以实现多点取样,实时输出,使测量结果更加准确、可靠、便于监控。In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an on-line monitoring system for ventilation flow of coal mine airways. The system can realize multi-point sampling and real-time output, so that the measurement results are more accurate, reliable and easy to monitor.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种煤矿风道通风流量在线监测系统,包括数据采集系统和数据处理系统,数据采集系统与数据处理系统电连接,数据处理系统由数据处理器和显示设备组成,数据处理器和显示设备电连接,数据采集系统包括固定轴承、扭矩传感器、绕流物体、上滑动导轨和下滑动导轨;固定轴承上端和下端分别与上滑动导轨和下滑动导轨滑动连接,绕流物体设置在固定轴承上,扭矩传感器设置在绕流物体上,扭矩传感器与数据处理器电连接。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an online monitoring system for ventilation flow of coal mine airway, comprising a data acquisition system and a data processing system, the data acquisition system is electrically connected with the data processing system, and the data processing system is composed of a data processor. And the display device is composed, the data processor and the display device are electrically connected, and the data acquisition system comprises a fixed bearing, a torque sensor, a flow around object, an upper sliding guide rail and a lower sliding guide rail; the upper end and the lower end of the fixed bearing are respectively combined with the upper sliding rail and the lower sliding rail The sliding connection is arranged on the fixed bearing, the torque sensor is arranged on the flow around object, and the torque sensor is electrically connected to the data processor.
为便于固定轴承在煤矿风道中移动,固定轴承上端和下端分别通过上滑动套筒、下滑动套筒与上滑动导轨和下滑动导轨滑动连接。In order to facilitate the movement of the fixed bearing in the coal mine air duct, the upper end and the lower end of the fixed bearing are slidably connected to the upper sliding rail and the lower sliding rail through the upper sliding sleeve and the lower sliding sleeve, respectively.
为了便于绕流物体在固定轴承上转动,固定轴承上设置有转轴套筒,绕流物体通过转轴套筒与固定轴承连接。In order to facilitate the rotation of the flow around the fixed bearing, the fixed bearing is provided with a rotating shaft sleeve, and the flow around the object is connected to the fixed bearing through the rotating sleeve.
为了进一步的扩大多点测量,绕流物体有三个,每个绕流物体分别通过一个转轴套筒与固定轴承连接。In order to further expand the multi-point measurement, there are three flow around objects, and each of the flow-through objects is respectively connected to the fixed bearing through a rotating shaft sleeve.
本发明的有益效果是:1、本发明通过固定轴承轴向上的多个绕流物体分别测量轴向上不同位置处的流体流动产生的作用力,以及绕流物体在水平方向上的移动测量水平上不同位置处的流体流动产生的作用力,实现了多点、有效、准确地在测量整个煤矿风道中各个位置处流体的流速,从而使测得的煤矿风道通风流量更加准确有效。The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. The invention measures the force generated by the fluid flow at different positions in the axial direction by a plurality of flow objects in the axial direction of the fixed bearing, and the movement measurement of the flow object in the horizontal direction. The force generated by the fluid flow at different positions on the horizontal level realizes the multi-point, effective and accurate measurement of the flow velocity of the fluid at various positions in the entire coal mine air passage, thereby making the measured ventilation flow of the coal mine air passage more accurate and effective.
2、测量过程中不受通风道巷道结构布置限制,不受风流中夹杂着大量的杂质、灰尘、水汽影响,还不受气流方向不稳定等因素影响,使得测量的结果更加的精确可靠。2. During the measurement process, it is not restricted by the structural arrangement of the ventilation tunnel, and is not affected by a large amount of impurities, dust and water vapor in the wind flow, and is not affected by factors such as unstable airflow direction, which makes the measurement result more accurate and reliable.
3、由于绕流物体是在轴向上进行安装,所以有效的避免了因为重力作用而产生的力矩带来的影响,使得结果更加准确。
3. Since the flow around the object is installed in the axial direction, the influence of the torque generated by the gravity is effectively avoided, and the result is more accurate.
4、本发明测量系统部分便于安装,构件不易磨损,堵塞以及损坏,因而可以长期的对煤矿矿井通风流量进行在线测量,达到经济上的节约。4. The measuring system of the invention is convenient for installation, and the components are not easy to be worn, blocked and damaged, so that the ventilation flow of the coal mine can be measured online for a long time, thereby achieving economical savings.
5、本发明是通过力学机制测量煤矿风道通风流量,计算过程中没有涉及到流体除流速、密度以外的各项参数,因而测量结果在转换过程中受到的影响更小,使得得到的结果更加准确可靠。5. The invention measures the ventilation flow of the coal mine airway through the mechanical mechanism, and the parameters other than the flow rate and the density are not involved in the calculation process, so the measurement results are less affected during the conversion process, so that the obtained result is more Accurate and reliable.
6、本发明中具备有显示设备,通过传输线能够直观、即时、在线的将煤矿通风流量显示出来,方便工作人员的监控。6. The invention has a display device, which can display the ventilation flow of the coal mine in an intuitive, instant and online manner through the transmission line, which is convenient for the monitoring of the staff.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
图中:1、固定轴承,2、扭矩传感器,3、转轴套筒,4、绕流物体,5、下滑动套筒,6、下滑动导轨,7、上滑动套筒,8、上滑动导轨,9、数据传输线,10、数据处理器,11、数据连接线,12、显示设备。In the figure: 1, fixed bearing, 2, torque sensor, 3, shaft sleeve, 4, flow around the object, 5, lower sliding sleeve, 6, lower sliding guide, 7, upper sliding sleeve, 8, upper sliding guide 9, data transmission line, 10, data processor, 11, data connection line, 12, display equipment.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
机制连接说明:如图1所示,本煤矿风道通风流量在线监测系统,包括数据采集系统和数据处理系统,数据采集系统与数据处理系统电连接,数据处理系统由数据处理器10和显示设备12组成,数据处理器10和显示设备12电连接,数据采集系统安装在煤矿风道内,数据采集系统包括固定轴承1、扭矩传感器2、绕流物体4、上滑动导轨8和下滑动导轨6;将上滑动导轨8固定在风道上边缘,再将下滑动导轨6固定在风道下边缘,固定轴承1上端和下端分别与上滑动导轨8和下滑动导轨6滑动连接,绕流物体4设置在固定轴承1上,扭矩传感器2设置在绕流物体4上,扭矩传感器2通过数据传输线9与数据处理器10电连接,数据处理系统安装在监控室中。Mechanism connection description: As shown in Figure 1, the mine airway ventilation flow online monitoring system, including data acquisition system and data processing system, data acquisition system and data processing system are electrically connected, the data processing system is composed of data processor 10 and display device 12, the data processor 10 and the display device 12 are electrically connected, the data acquisition system is installed in the coal mine air duct, the data acquisition system comprises a fixed bearing 1, a torque sensor 2, a flow around object 4, an upper slide rail 8 and a lower slide rail 6; The upper sliding rail 8 is fixed to the upper edge of the air duct, and the lower sliding rail 6 is fixed to the lower edge of the air duct. The upper end and the lower end of the fixed bearing 1 are respectively slidably connected with the upper sliding rail 8 and the lower sliding rail 6, and the flow around object 4 is disposed at On the fixed bearing 1, the torque sensor 2 is disposed on the flow around object 4, the torque sensor 2 is electrically connected to the data processor 10 via a data transmission line 9, and the data processing system is installed in the monitoring room.
为了便于固定轴承1在煤矿风道内左右滑动,固定轴承1上端和下端分别通过上滑动套筒7、下滑动套筒5与上滑动导轨8和下滑动导轨6滑动连接;同样,为了便于绕流物体4在固定轴承1转动,固定轴承1上设置有转轴套筒3,绕流物体4通过转轴套筒3与固定轴承1连接。
In order to facilitate the sliding of the fixed bearing 1 in the coal mine air passage, the upper end and the lower end of the fixed bearing 1 are respectively slidably connected to the upper sliding rail 8 and the lower sliding rail 6 through the upper sliding sleeve 7 and the lower sliding sleeve 5; likewise, in order to facilitate the flow around The object 4 is rotated by a fixed bearing 1 on which a rotating shaft sleeve 3 is arranged, and the flow-through object 4 is connected to the fixed bearing 1 via a rotating shaft sleeve 3.
为了进一步的实现多点测量,在固定轴承1上可以任意数量的安装绕流物体4,根据实际情况,以安装三个绕流物体4为宜,每个绕流物体4分别通过一个转轴套筒3与固定轴承1连接,每个绕流物体4也都设置有扭矩传感器2,扭矩传感器2与数据处理器10电连接。In order to further realize the multi-point measurement, the flow-receiving object 4 can be installed on the fixed bearing 1 in any number. According to the actual situation, it is preferable to install three flow-through objects 4, and each of the flow-through objects 4 respectively passes through a rotating shaft sleeve. 3 is connected to the fixed bearing 1, and each of the flow-through objects 4 is also provided with a torque sensor 2, which is electrically connected to the data processor 10.
系统工作流程说明,以安装三个绕流物体4为例:The system workflow description is based on the installation of three bypass objects 4:
当通风道内流体通过固定轴承1上的三个轴向上的绕流物体4时,对三个绕流物体4产生不同的作用力,安装在不同位置上的三个扭矩传感器2检测到三个绕流物体4上不同的作用力所产生的力矩,会将其转化为电信号并通过数据传输线9传输至数据处理器10中存储起来,然后通过上滑动导轨8和下滑动导轨6将固定轴承1滑动移至下一测量点,按照上述的步骤进行下一次的测量,直至测量到最后一个测量位置,通过数据处理器10对所存储的所有数据进行统一处理,通过作用力和流体流量的关系得到流体的流量,并将测得的流量显示在显示设备12上。When the fluid in the air passage passes through the three axially-circulating objects 4 on the fixed bearing 1, different forces are applied to the three flow-through objects 4, and three torque sensors 2 installed at different positions detect three The torque generated by the different forces on the flow object 4 is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the data processor 10 through the data transmission line 9 for storage, and then the fixed bearing is passed through the upper slide rail 8 and the lower slide rail 6 1 Slide to the next measurement point, and perform the next measurement according to the above steps until the last measurement position is measured, and all the stored data are processed by the data processor 10 through the relationship between the force and the fluid flow. The flow rate of the fluid is obtained and the measured flow rate is displayed on the display device 12.
通过固定轴承1轴向上的多个绕流物体4分别测量固定轴承1轴向上不同位置处的绕流物体4流动产生的作用力,以及绕流物体4在水平方向上的移动测量煤矿风道内水平上不同位置处的绕流物体4流动产生的作用力,实现了多点、有效、准确地在测量整个煤矿风道中各个位置处流体的流速。
The force generated by the flow of the flow around the object 4 at different positions in the axial direction of the fixed bearing 1 is measured by the plurality of flow around objects 4 in the axial direction of the fixed bearing 1, and the movement of the flow around the object 4 in the horizontal direction is measured. The force generated by the flow of the flow around objects 4 at different locations on the level of the road enables a multi-point, efficient, and accurate measurement of the flow rate of the fluid at various locations throughout the coal mine airway.