WO2016101484A1 - 电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法 - Google Patents

电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101484A1
WO2016101484A1 PCT/CN2015/078107 CN2015078107W WO2016101484A1 WO 2016101484 A1 WO2016101484 A1 WO 2016101484A1 CN 2015078107 W CN2015078107 W CN 2015078107W WO 2016101484 A1 WO2016101484 A1 WO 2016101484A1
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Prior art keywords
trace
voltage
resistance
battery
protection
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2015/078107
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙伟
孙长宇
王向东
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Xiaomi Inc
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Xiaomi Inc
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Priority to KR1020157020836A priority Critical patent/KR101715742B1/ko
Priority to JP2016565545A priority patent/JP2017505449A/ja
Priority to RU2015133577A priority patent/RU2638912C2/ru
Priority to BR112015018768A priority patent/BR112015018768A2/pt
Priority to MX2015010233A priority patent/MX352114B/es
Priority to US14/856,568 priority patent/US20160190836A1/en
Publication of WO2016101484A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101484A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/663—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
    • G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
    • G01R1/206—Switches for connection of measuring instruments or electric motors to measuring loads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G01R19/1659—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 to indicate that the value is within or outside a predetermined range of values (window)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/865—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/96—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage
    • H02J7/963—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage in response to battery voltage gradient
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/364—Battery terminal connectors with integrated measuring arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/61—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/62—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcurrent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/63—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overdischarge

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of circuit technologies, and in particular, to a voltage detecting device, a battery, and a voltage detecting method.
  • the power protection circuit detects whether the power supply path is cut off according to the detection result by detecting the voltage on the power supply path, so as to protect the power supply.
  • the protection IC integrated circuit
  • the MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the present disclosure provides a voltage detecting device, a battery, and a voltage detecting method to solve the problem that the voltage detection in the related art is not accurate enough and it is difficult to protect the power supply path.
  • a voltage detecting device comprising: a voltage detecting module and a circuit trace;
  • a trace of the circuit trace is set as a trace resistance, and a detection end of the voltage detection module is respectively connected to two ends of the trace resistor through a measurement line.
  • the voltage detecting module comprises: a protection integrated circuit IC, or a fuel gauge.
  • the voltage detecting circuit when the voltage detecting module is a protection IC, the voltage detecting circuit further includes: a switch control line and a MOS field effect transistor MOSFET, wherein the protection IC is connected to the MOSFET through the switch control line ;
  • One end of the circuit trace is connected to the MOSFET, and the other end is used to connect the cell.
  • the protection IC detects that the voltage across the trace resistance is not within a preset voltage range, disconnecting the MOSFET through the switch control line.
  • the length of the trace resistance satisfies the following formula:
  • L is a length of the trace resistance
  • R is a resistance value of the trace resistance
  • S is a cross-sectional area of the trace resistance
  • ⁇ is a trace resistance Resistivity
  • the preset resistance of the trace resistance is 10 milliohms.
  • a battery comprising: a power protection circuit and a battery; wherein
  • the power protection circuit includes a protection IC, a MOSFET connected to the protection IC through a switch control line, and a circuit trace, one end of the circuit trace is connected to the MOSFET, and the other end is connected to the battery core;
  • a trace of the circuit trace is set as a trace resistance, and a detection end of the protection IC is respectively connected to two ends of the trace resistor through a measurement line.
  • the length of the trace resistance satisfies the following formula:
  • L is a length of the trace resistance
  • R is a resistance value of the trace resistance
  • S is a cross-sectional area of the trace resistance
  • ⁇ is a trace resistance Resistivity
  • the preset resistance of the trace resistance is 10 milliohms.
  • a voltage detecting method the method being applied to the foregoing battery, the method comprising:
  • the protection IC detects the battery voltage across the resistance of the trace through the measurement line
  • the voltage detecting device provided by the present disclosure can set the voltage detecting module to detect the voltage across the wiring resistance by setting a trace of the circuit trace as a trace resistance, since the trace resistance itself is a part of the circuit trace.
  • the resistance value does not change greatly with changes in voltage and temperature, and has good stability, so the voltage measurement is relatively accurate.
  • the voltage detecting module in the voltage detecting device of the present disclosure may be specifically a protection IC in a battery, or a fuel gauge dedicated to obtaining a current value by measuring a voltage, and thus can be applied in different voltage measurement scenarios.
  • the protection IC is connected to the MOSFET through the switch control line, so that the MOSFET can be turned on and off by measuring the voltage across the trace resistor. Control, thus providing a good protection for the power path.
  • the preset resistance value of the trace resistance, the cross-sectional area of the trace resistance, and the resistivity of the trace resistance can be calculated according to a preset formula, and can be used in practical applications. Through debugging, the appropriate trace length is obtained to meet the voltage detection requirements and improve the accuracy of voltage detection.
  • the battery provided by the present disclosure and the voltage detecting method thereof used in the battery measure the trace resistance of the circuit trace through the power protection circuit, and an accurate voltage value can be obtained, and the MOSFET can be turned on and off by the voltage value. Control, in order to protect the battery core during charge and discharge.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage detecting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another voltage detecting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a voltage detecting method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • second information may also be referred to as first information.
  • word "if” as used herein may be interpreted as "when” or “when” or “in response to a determination.”
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage detecting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the voltage detecting device includes a voltage detecting module 110 and a circuit trace 120 .
  • the voltage detecting module 110 when detecting a voltage, it is not necessary to detect a special circuit device, for example, a specially-designed detecting resistor, or a MOSFET provided in the detecting device, but a section of the trace on the circuit trace 120 is set to go.
  • the line resistance 121, the detecting end 111 of the voltage detecting module 110 is connected to both ends of the trace resistance 121 through the measuring line 112, respectively. Therefore, the voltage detecting module 110 can detect the voltage across the trace resistor 121. Since the trace resistor 121 itself is a part of the circuit trace 120, the resistance does not change greatly with changes in voltage and temperature. Good stability, so the voltage measurement is more accurate and the detection accuracy is higher. It should be noted that the trace resistance 121 in FIG.
  • the thickness and width of the trace resistor 121 are the same as other portions of the circuit trace 120, so the thick line is used in FIG.
  • the example trace resistance 121 is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the actual configuration of the trace resistance 121.
  • the length of the trace resistance needs to be determined in advance.
  • the following formula can be used:
  • L is the length of the trace resistance
  • the parameter R is the resistance value of the trace resistance
  • the preset value of the R is 10m ⁇ (milliohms)
  • the parameter S is the cross-sectional area of the trace resistance, when the circuit trace 120 is determined The value of S can also be determined
  • the parameter ⁇ is the resistivity of the trace resistance
  • the resistivity is a physical quantity indicating the resistance characteristic of the substance, so when the material of the circuit trace 120 is determined, the value of ⁇ is also determined.
  • the theoretical value of L can be preliminarily calculated, and the actual length of the trace resistance can be further debugged based on the theoretical value of L. When debugging, the actual value of the trace resistance can be measured when L is the theoretical value.
  • the length of the trace resistance can be increased until the trace resistance length measured when the trace resistance is 10m ⁇ is determined as the actual value of L, and according to the actual value of L,
  • the measurement lines 112 of the voltage detecting module 110 are respectively connected to both ends of the trace resistance 121.
  • the voltage detecting module 110 may be specifically a protection IC in the battery, and the protection IC may be connected to the MOSFET through a switch control line, wherein one end of the circuit trace 120 is connected to the MOSFET, and the other end is used to connect the battery core.
  • the protection IC detects that the voltage across the line resistance is not within the preset voltage range, the connection to the MOSFET can be disconnected through the switch control line, thereby controlling the power-on path by controlling the on and off of the MOSFET. To a good protection.
  • the voltage detecting module may be specifically a fuel gauge for measuring the battery power
  • the fuel gauge is a function device for measuring the increase or decrease of the accumulated power of the battery, for determining the remaining power in the rechargeable battery and The battery can continue to supply power under working conditions, which can accurately estimate the battery's power.
  • the fuel gauge can directly obtain the voltage value by measuring the voltage across the trace resistance, and can calculate the current value according to the voltage value and the resistance value of the trace resistance, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the current.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another voltage detecting apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the voltage detecting apparatus may be specifically applied to a battery, and the voltage detecting apparatus includes: a protection IC 210, a switch. Control line 220, MOSFET 230 and circuit trace 240.
  • the protection IC 210 is connected to the MOSFET 230 through the switch control line 220.
  • One end of the circuit trace 240 is connected to the MOSFET 230, and the other end is used to connect the battery core.
  • a trace on the circuit trace 240 is set as the trace resistance 241
  • the detection end 211 of the protection IC 210 is respectively connected to the two ends of the trace resistor 241 through the measurement line 212. Therefore, the protection IC 210 detects the voltage across the trace resistor 241 to obtain the battery voltage. Since the trace resistor 241 itself is part of the circuit trace 240, the resistance does not change greatly with changes in voltage and temperature. It has good stability, so the voltage measurement is accurate and the measurement accuracy is high.
  • the trace resistance 241 in FIG. 2 is exemplified by a thick line.
  • the thickness and width of the trace resistor 241 are the same as other portions of the circuit trace 240, so the thick line is used in FIG.
  • the example trace resistance 241 is only clear for the sake of example and is not intended to limit the actual configuration of the trace resistor 241.
  • the protection IC 210 is a hardware circuit.
  • the measurement line 212 of the protection IC 210 is connected to both sides of the trace resistance 241, the voltage across the trace resistor 241 can be measured in real time to obtain the circuit voltage.
  • the connection with the MOSFET 230 can be disconnected through the switch control line 220. Therefore, in this embodiment, the on-off of the MOSFET can be controlled by measuring the voltage across the trace resistor 241, thereby providing a good protection for the power supply path.
  • the circuit may include two MOSFET components, and two measurement lines of the protection IC are respectively connected to the two MOSFETs. Both sides of the component.
  • the manner of determining the length of the trace resistance is the same as that in the foregoing description in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure:
  • the battery in this embodiment mainly refers to a rechargeable battery having a charge and discharge function.
  • overcharge, overdischarge, or overcurrent may affect battery life and performance. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the voltage inside the battery to prevent Damage to the battery.
  • the battery exemplified in the embodiment includes a power source protection circuit 310 and a battery cell 320.
  • the battery protection circuit 310 is used to detect the voltage inside the battery, and the battery core 320 is a source of capacity of the battery for energy storage; in order to protect the battery core 320, the battery voltage and current can be passed through the power protection circuit 310.
  • the measurement is performed to cut off the battery path between the battery cell 320 when the voltage or current is abnormal, so as to protect the battery.
  • the power protection circuit 310 further includes: a protection IC 311, a MOSFET 313 connected to the protection IC 311 through the switch control line 312, and a circuit trace 314.
  • One end of the circuit trace 314 is connected to the MOSFET 313, and the other end is connected to the battery core 320. connection.
  • a trace on circuit trace 314 is set to trace
  • the resistor 3141, the detection terminal 3111 of the protection IC 311 is respectively connected to the two ends of the trace resistor 3141 through the measurement line 3112.
  • the MOSFET 313 is controlled by the protection IC 311.
  • the protection IC 311 detects a voltage or current abnormality, it controls the on/off of the MOSFET 313 to function as a switch that is connected or disconnected from the cell.
  • the power protection circuit 310 in this embodiment is identical to the voltage detection device described in FIG. 2 when detecting the battery voltage, and details are not described herein again.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment can measure the trace resistance of the circuit trace through the power protection circuit, and can obtain an accurate voltage value, and the on/off of the MOSFET can be controlled by the voltage value, so as to be During charging and discharging of the battery core, the battery core can be well protected.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a voltage detecting method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may be applied to the battery shown in FIG. 3, and includes the following steps:
  • step 401 the protection IC detects the battery voltage across the trace resistance through the measurement line.
  • the detection end of the protection IC is connected to both ends of the trace resistance through a measurement line.
  • the protection IC is a hardware circuit that can measure the voltage across the trace resistor in real time to obtain the battery voltage.
  • step 402 it is determined whether the detected battery voltage is within a preset voltage range.
  • the main operating states of the battery include a state of charge and a state of discharge, and thus the preset voltage range can be defined by the highest voltage in the state of charge and the lowest voltage in the state of discharge.
  • step 403 when the battery voltage is not within the voltage range, the connection to the MOSFET is broken through the switch control line.
  • the protection IC controls the MOSFET to be turned on through the switch control line.
  • the protection IC controls the MOSFET to be turned off through the switch control line, thereby stopping charging the battery; for the battery voltage is lower than The over-discharge state at the lowest voltage value, at which time the protection IC also controls the MOSFET to be turned off through the switch control line, thereby stopping the cell from discharging the load.
  • the voltage detection method provided by the embodiment can measure the trace resistance of the circuit trace through the power protection circuit, and can obtain an accurate voltage value, and the on/off of the MOSFET can be controlled by the voltage value. In order to charge and discharge the battery, the battery can be well protected.

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Abstract

一种电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法，所述电压检测装置包括：电压检测模块（110）和电路走线（120）；其中，所述电路走线（120）上的一段走线设置为走线电阻（121），所述电压检测模块（110）的检测端（111）通过测量线（112）分别连接到所述走线电阻（121）两端。该电压监测装置通过将电路走线（120）上的一段走线设置为走线电阻（121），使得检测走线电阻（121）两端的电压即可，由于走线电阻（121）本身是电路走线（120）的一部分，其阻值不会随着电压和温度的变化发生较大的变化，具有较好的稳定性，因此电压测量比较准确。

Description

电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法
本申请基于申请号为2014108289768、申请日为2014/12/25的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及电路技术领域，尤其涉及电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法。
背景技术
电源保护电路通过对电源通路上的电压进行检测，从而根据检测结果确定是否切断电源通路，以便对电源起到保护作用。以电池内的电源保护电路为例，相关技术中，该电源保护电路上的保护IC(integrated circuit，集成电路)将测量线连接在MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，金氧半场效晶体管)两端，通过检测MOSFET两端的电压获得电池电压，从而在电池电压异常时，切断电源保护电路与电芯间的电源通路。
但是，由于MOSFET本身的特性，在电池充放电过程中，其阻值会随着电压和温度的变化发生较大的变化，使得电压测量不够准确，导致难以对电源通路起到良好的保护作用。
发明内容
本公开提供了电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法，以解决相关技术中电压检测不够准确，难以对电源通路起到良好保护作用的问题。
根据本公开实施例的第一方面，提供一种电压检测装置，所述电压检测装置包括：电压检测模块和电路走线；
其中，所述电路走线上的一段走线设置为走线电阻，所述电压检测模块的检测端通过测量线分别连接到所述走线电阻两端。
可选的，所述电压检测模块包括：保护集成电路IC，或电量计。
可选的，当所述电压检测模块为保护IC时，所述电压检测电路还包括：开关控制线和金氧半场效晶体管MOSFET，所述保护IC通过所述开关控制线与所述MOSFET连接；
所述电路走线的一端与所述MOSFET连接，另一端用于连接电芯。
可选的，当所述保护IC检测到所述走线电阻两端的电压不在预设的电压范围内时，通过所述开关控制线断开与所述MOSFET的连接。
可选的，所述走线电阻的长度满足如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2015078107-appb-000001
其中，所述L为所述走线电阻的长度，所述R为所述走线电阻的电阻值，所述S为所述走线电阻的截面积，所述ρ为所述走线电阻的电阻率。
可选的，所述走线电阻的预设电阻值为10毫欧。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供一种电池，所述电池包括：电源保护电路和电芯；其中，
所述电源保护电路包括保护IC，通过开关控制线与所述保护IC相连的MOSFET，以及电路走线，所述电路走线的一端与所述MOSFET连接，另一端与所述电芯连接；
其中，所述电路走线上的一段走线设置为走线电阻，所述保护IC的检测端通过测量线分别连接到所述走线电阻两端。
可选的，所述走线电阻的长度满足如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2015078107-appb-000002
其中，所述L为所述走线电阻的长度，所述R为所述走线电阻的电阻值，所述S为所述走线电阻的截面积，所述ρ为所述走线电阻的电阻率。
可选的，所述走线电阻的预设电阻值为10毫欧。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面，提供一种电压检测方法，所述方法应用在前述电池中，所述方法包括：
保护IC通过测量线检测走线电阻两端的电池电压；
判断检测到的所述电池电压是否在预设的电压范围内；
当所述电压不在所述电压范围内时，通过所述开关控制线断开与MOSFET的连接。
本公开的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
本公开提供的电压检测装置，通过将电路走线上的一段走线设置为走线电阻，使得电压检测模块检测走线电阻两端的电压即可，由于走线电阻本身是电路走线的一部分，其阻值不会随着电压和温度的变化发生较大的变化，具有较好的稳定性，因此电压测量比较准确。
本公开电压检测装置中的电压检测模块可以具体为电池中的保护IC，或者专门用于通过测量电压获得电流值的电量计，因此能够应用在不同的电压测量场景中。
本公开中电压检测装置中的电压检测模块具体为保护IC时，该保护IC通过开关控制线连接MOSFET，因此可以通过测量走线电阻两端的电压对MOSFET的通断进行 控制，从而对电源通路起到良好的保护作用。
本公开中在确定走线电阻长度时，可以根据走线电阻的预设电阻值，走线电阻的截面积，以及走线电阻的电阻率，按照预设公式进行计算，并可以在实际应用中通过调试，获得合适的走线长度，从而满足电压检测的需求，提高电压检测的准确度。
本公开提供的电池及其应用在该电池内的电压检测方法，通过电源保护电路对电路走线上的走线电阻进行测量，可以获得准确的电压值，通过电压值可以对MOSFET的通断进行控制，以便在电芯充放电过程中，可以对电芯起到良好的保护作用。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电压检测装置的结构示意图。
图2是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种电压检测装置的结构示意图。
图3是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池的结构示意图。
图4是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电压检测方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。在本公开和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
应当理解，尽管在本公开可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本公开范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”。
如图1所示，图1是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电压检测装置的结构示意图，该电压检测装置包括：电压检测模块110和电路走线120。
本实施例中在检测电压时，无需对专门的电路器件进行检测，例如，专门设置的检测电阻，或者检测装置中设置的MOSFET等，而是将电路走线120上的一段走线设置为走线电阻121，电压检测模块110的检测端111通过测量线112分别连接到走线电阻121两端。因此，电压检测模块110检测走线电阻121两端的电压即可，由于走线电阻121本身是电路走线120的一部分，其阻值不会随着电压和温度的变化发生较大的变化，具有较好的稳定性，因此电压测量比较准确，检测精度较高。需要说明的是，图1中的走线电阻121用加粗线条进行了示例，实际应用中，该走线电阻121的厚度和宽度与电路走线120的其他部分相同，因此图1中用加粗线条示例的走线电阻121仅为示例清楚，并不用于限制走线电阻121的实际形态。
本实施例中，要将电路走线120上的一段走线设置为走线电阻121时，需要预先确定走线电阻的长度，在确定走线电阻的长度时，可以采用如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2015078107-appb-000003
其中，L为走线电阻的长度；参数R为走线电阻的电阻值，该R的预设值为10mΩ(毫欧)；参数S为走线电阻的截面积，当电路走线120确定后，该S的值也可以确定；参数ρ为走线电阻的电阻率，电阻率是表示物质电阻特性的物理量，因此当电路走线120的材质确定时，该ρ值也确定。根据上述确定的参数值，可以初步计算出L的理论值，并基于L的理论值对走线电阻的实际长度进行进一步调试，在调试时，可以测量L为理论值时，走线电阻的实际值是否为预设的10mΩ，如果小于10mΩ，则可以增加走线电阻的长度，直至将测量到走线电阻为10mΩ时的走线电阻长度确定为L的实际值，并按照L的实际值，将电压检测模块110的测量线112分别连接到走线电阻121两端。
在一个实现方式中，电压检测模块110可以具体为电池内的保护IC，该保护IC可以通过开关控制线与MOSFET连接，其中，电路走线120的一端与MOSFET连接，另一端用于连接电芯，当保护IC检测到走线电阻两端的电压不在预设的电压范围内时，可以通过开关控制线断开与MOSFET的连接，由此通过对MOSFET的通断进行控制，从而可以对电源通路起到良好的保护作用。
在另一个实现方式中，电压检测模块可以具体为测量电池电量的电量计，电量计是一种测量电池累计电量的增加或减少的功能器件，用于确定可充电电池中的剩余电量以及在特定工作条件下电池还能持续供电的时间，能够精确估计电池的电量。在本实施例中，电量计可以直接通过测量走线电阻两端的电压获得电压值，并可以根据该电压值和走线电阻的电阻值计算出电流值，从而实现对电流的精确测量。
如图2所示，图2是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种电压检测装置的结构示意图，该电压检测装置可以具体应用在电池中，该电压检测装置包括：保护IC210，开关控制线220，MOSFET230和电路走线240。
其中，保护IC210通过开关控制线220与MOSFET230连接，电路走线240的一端与MOSFET230连接，另一端用于连接电芯。本实施例中，将电路走线240上的一段走线设置为走线电阻241，保护IC210的检测端211通过测量线212分别连接到走线电阻241两端。因此，保护IC210检测走线电阻241两端的电压即可获得电池电压，由于走线电阻241本身是电路走线240的一部分，其阻值不会随着电压和温度的变化发生较大的变化，具有较好的稳定性，因此电压测量比较准确，测量精度较高。需要说明的是，图2中的走线电阻241用加粗线条进行了示例，实际应用中，该走线电阻241的厚度和宽度与电路走线240的其他部分相同，因此图2中用加粗线条示例的走线电阻241仅为示例清楚，并不用于限制走线电阻241的实际形态。
本实施例中，保护IC210为一种硬件电路，当该保护IC210的测量线212连接到走线电阻241两侧时，可以实时测量走线电阻241两端的电压，从而获得电路电压。其中，当保护IC210检测到走线电阻241两端的电压不在预设的电压范围内时，可以通过开关控制线220断开与MOSFET230的连接。因此本实施例可以通过测量走线电阻241两端的电压对MOSFET的通断进行控制，从而对电源通路起到良好的保护作用。
另外，图2中作为示意仅示出了一个MOSFET，实际应用中，保护IC在控制MOSFET通断时，电路中可以包括两个MOSFET元件，保护IC的两根测量线分别连接到这两个MOSFET元件的两侧。本实施例中，走线电阻的长度确定方式与前述图1中的相关描述一致，在此不再赘述。
如图3所示，图3是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电池的结构示意图：
本实施例中的电池主要指具有充放电功能的充电电池，充电电池使用过程中，过充电、过放电、或者过电流都会影响电池使用寿命和性能，因此需要对电池内部的电压进行检测以防止对电池产生损害。本实施例中示例的电池包括：电源保护电路310和电芯320。其中，电池保护电路310用于对电池内部的电压进行检测，电芯320是电池的容量来源，用于进行能量储存；为了对电芯320进行保护，可以通过电源保护电路310对电池电压和电流进行测量，从而在电压或电流异常时，切断与电芯320间的电池通路，以起到对电池的保护作用
本实施例中，电源保护电路310进一步包括：保护IC311、通过开关控制线312与保护IC311相连的MOSFET313，以及电路走线314，该电路走线314的一端与MOSFET313连接，另一端与电芯320连接。电路走线314上的一段走线设置为走线电 阻3141，保护IC311的检测端3111通过测量线3112分别连接到走线电阻3141两端。其中，MOSFET313受保护IC311的控制，在保护IC311检测到电压或电流异常时，通过控制MOSFET313的通断，起到与电芯之间连接或断开的开关作用。
本实施例中的电源保护电路310在检测电池电压时，与图2描述的电压检测装置一致，在此不再赘述。
由上述实施例可见，该实施例提供的电池，通过电源保护电路对电路走线上的走线电阻进行测量，可以获得准确的电压值，通过电压值可以对MOSFET的通断进行控制，以便在电芯充放电过程中，可以对电芯起到良好的保护作用。
如图4是所示，图4是本公开根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电压检测方法的流程图，该方法可以应用在图3所示电池中，包括如下步骤：
在步骤401中，保护IC通过测量线检测走线电阻两端的电池电压。
结合图3可知，保护IC的检测端通过测量线连接到走线电阻两端，该保护IC为一种硬件电路，可以实时测量走线电阻两端的电压，从而获得电池电压。
在步骤402中，判断检测到的电池电压是否在预设的电压范围内。
本实施例中，电池的主要工作状态包括充电状态和放电状态，因此预设的电压范围可以由充电状态下的最高电压和放电状态下的最低电压进行限定。
在步骤403中，当电池电压不在电压范围内时，通过开关控制线断开与MOSFET的连接。
当电池电压在电压范围内时，电池可以自由充放电，此时保护IC通过开关控制线控制MOSFET处于接通状态。
当电池电压不在电压范围内时，对于电池电压超过最高电压值时的过充电状态，此时保护IC通过开关控制线控制MOSFET处于关断状态，从而停止对电芯进行充电；对于电池电压低于最低电压值时的过放电状态，此时保护IC也通过开关控制线控制MOSFET处于关断状态，从而停止电芯对负载放电。
由上述实施例可见，该实施例提供的电压检测方法，通过电源保护电路对电路走线上的走线电阻进行测量，可以获得准确的电压值，通过电压值可以对MOSFET的通断进行控制，以便在电芯充放电过程中，可以对电芯起到良好的保护作用。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本公开并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电压检测装置，其特征在于，所述电压检测装置包括：电压检测模块和电路走线；
    其中，所述电路走线上的一段走线设置为走线电阻，所述电压检测模块的检测端通过测量线分别连接到所述走线电阻两端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电压检测模块包括：保护集成电路IC，或电量计。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述电压检测模块为保护IC时，所述电压检测电路还包括：开关控制线和金氧半场效晶体管MOSFET，所述保护IC通过所述开关控制线与所述MOSFET连接；
    所述电路走线的一端与所述MOSFET连接，另一端用于连接电芯。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述保护IC检测到所述走线电阻两端的电压不在预设的电压范围内时，通过所述开关控制线断开与所述MOSFET的连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述走线电阻的长度满足如下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2015078107-appb-100001
    其中，所述L为所述走线电阻的长度，所述R为所述走线电阻的电阻值，所述S为所述走线电阻的截面积，所述ρ为所述走线电阻的电阻率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述走线电阻的预设电阻值为10毫欧。
  7. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括：电源保护电路和电芯；其中，
    所述电源保护电路包括保护IC，通过开关控制线与所述保护IC相连的MOSFET，以及电路走线，所述电路走线的一端与所述MOSFET连接，另一端与所述电芯连接；
    其中，所述电路走线上的一段走线设置为走线电阻，所述保护IC的检测端通过测量线分别连接到所述走线电阻两端。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其特征在于，所述走线电阻的长度满足如下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2015078107-appb-100002
    其中，所述L为所述走线电阻的长度，所述R为所述走线电阻的电阻值，所述S为所述走线电阻的截面积，所述ρ为所述走线电阻的电阻率。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，所述走线电阻的预设电阻值为10毫欧。
  10. 一种电压检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用在如权利要求7至9任一所述的电池中，所述方法包括：
    保护IC通过测量线检测走线电阻两端的电池电压；
    判断检测到的所述电池电压是否在预设的电压范围内；
    当所述电压不在所述电压范围内时，通过所述开关控制线断开与MOSFET的连接。
PCT/CN2015/078107 2014-12-25 2015-04-30 电压检测装置、电池及电压检测方法 Ceased WO2016101484A1 (zh)

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