WO2016101039A1 - Dispositif de débit massique pour machines de déchiquetage - Google Patents

Dispositif de débit massique pour machines de déchiquetage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101039A1
WO2016101039A1 PCT/AU2015/050840 AU2015050840W WO2016101039A1 WO 2016101039 A1 WO2016101039 A1 WO 2016101039A1 AU 2015050840 W AU2015050840 W AU 2015050840W WO 2016101039 A1 WO2016101039 A1 WO 2016101039A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
outlet passage
wall portion
chips
accelerator
mass flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2015/050840
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Lea SULMAN
Original Assignee
Bionic Beaver Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2014905249A external-priority patent/AU2014905249A0/en
Application filed by Bionic Beaver Pty Ltd filed Critical Bionic Beaver Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2016101039A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101039A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/144—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G11/00—Apparatus for weighing a continuous stream of material during flow; Conveyor belt weighers
    • G01G11/04—Apparatus for weighing a continuous stream of material during flow; Conveyor belt weighers having electrical weight-sensitive devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G11/00—Apparatus for weighing a continuous stream of material during flow; Conveyor belt weighers
    • G01G11/08—Apparatus for weighing a continuous stream of material during flow; Conveyor belt weighers having means for controlling the rate of feed or discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G17/00—Apparatus for or methods of weighing material of special form or property

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a mass flow device for mobile wood chipping harvesting machines
  • the invention particularly relates, but is not limited to, a mass flow device for mobile wood chipping machines, such as tree harvesters suitable for harvesting shrubs, coppice, or tall single stem trees, where such trees are planted at preferably regular spacing in rows.
  • a mass flow device for mobile wood chipping machines such as tree harvesters suitable for harvesting shrubs, coppice, or tall single stem trees, where such trees are planted at preferably regular spacing in rows.
  • trees shall be used throughout the specification to describe shrubs and trees which have either a single-stemmed form; or a plurality of coppice stems extending generally upwards from a tree stump or lignotuber; and by example, includes trees of the Eucalyptus and Acacia genera indigenous to Australia; and of the Salix and Populus genera indigenous to Europe and North America.
  • the term "harvester” will be used throughout the specification to define a chipper device, mounted to a mobile vehicle that moves along row of trees, continuously chipping each stem into a desired particle size.
  • pour rate will be used throughout the specification to define the speed that chipped material flows through the harvester and is measured in green metric tons per hour. This is an important measurement of performance of the tree harvesters.
  • NB The following discussion is by way of background information only, and is not to be considered a statement of the common general knowledge (CGK) in the area of technology, anywhere in the world. ⁇ 0008] It has been proposed, internationally, to grow trees (as hereinbefore defined) of the Eucalyptus, Populus and Salix genera as an ecologically- based energy and fiber feedstock.
  • the key challenge has been the ability to economically chip the trees and transport the chipped biomass from the tree growing areas to industry processors e.g., fiberboard and paper manufacturers, electricity generators, heat users and biofuel convertors.
  • industry processors e.g., fiberboard and paper manufacturers, electricity generators, heat users and biofuel convertors.
  • Counter-rotating feed rollers, and an adjustable anvil, mounted adjacent to the chipper drum direct the stems of the trees into the chipper drum at an angle between 90° and 30° from the vertical, with the stems being guided and supported by a pair of adjustable plates while being chipped.
  • By adjusting the location of the plates and the anvil relative to the (conventional) chipper drum a wide range of trees can be harvested.
  • the Giles harvester Unlike the Giles harvester, no energy and time is wasted in tipping the tree stems from the original orientation in which they are feed to the chipper drum, and the wear on the knives of the chipper drum is more evenly spread along the length of the chipper knives, extending the periods between re- sharpening.
  • the parallel orientation of the chipper drum enables the simultaneous chipping of two or more stems in single file. This results in greater operational and energy efficiency, leading to a higher pour rate for the Sulman harvester than is possible by the Giles harvester.
  • the present invention resides in a mass flow device for a mobile wood chipping harvesting machine including:
  • an outlet passage operably connected to a chipping device and arranged to allow chips to pass therethrough;
  • sensor means operably connected to the curved wall portion to measure strain and/or other parameters of the curved wall portion as an indication of mass flow rate of the chips through the outlet passage.
  • the mass flow device is provided upstream of an accelerator operably connected to the outlet passage to promote the flow of chips through the outlet passage.
  • the curved wall portion is a concave portion of an outer wall of the outlet passage.
  • the accelerator has a housing to one side of, but connected to, the outlet passage;
  • the accelerator has a shaft rotatably journalled in the housing about an axis of rotation substantially parallel to the flow of the chips past the housing;
  • a plurality of accelerator blades extend radially from the shaft and travel through the outlet passage as the shaft is rotatably driven;
  • the outlet passage has a flexible wall portion opposite the accelerator blades and
  • a control mechanism is operably connected to the flexible wall portion to flex the flexible wall portion towards, or away from, the accelerator blades to adjust the gap there-between, and thereby adjust the rate of flow of the chips through the outlet passage.
  • control mechanism includes:
  • cam roller rotatably journalled externally of the outlet passage, in cam-like engagement with the flexible wall portion
  • ram and lever means operably rotate the cam roller the flex the flexible wall portion.
  • the ram and lever means is connected to a CPU operably connected to the sensor means.
  • the present invention resides in the accelerator assembly hereinbefore described.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, part-sectional, isometric view of a portion of a tree harvester provided with a mass flow device in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a rear isometric view of the mass flow device on a larger scale
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional side view corresponding to FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the mass flow device
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic control circuit measuring engine performance against the pour rate of the chips, measured by the mass flow device, to initiate the sharpening system for the knives of chipping drum.
  • FIG. 6 is a rear isometric view of a modified accelerator suitable for use with the mass flow device
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic, part-sectional, side view of a portion of the tree harvester provided with the mass flow device and incorporating the modified accelerator of FIG. 6;
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are part-sectional side views, from the opposite side, illustrating the operation of the modified accelerator.
  • the mass flow device 10 of a first embodiment of the present invention is provided adjacent a chipping drum CD and associated anvil assembly A of a tree harvester H, generally of the Sulman harvester type, parts of which are omitted for clarity.
  • Trees T are harvested in rows and the upper portions may be defoliated by a flailer (not shown).
  • the trees T are fed substantially vertically through a pair of nip rollers NR to the chipping drum CD.
  • the chips C travel up through an outlet passage 20 to a bin or hopper (not shown), which may be towed by the harvester H or hauled alongside the harvester H.
  • a mass flow sensor 40 monitors the pour rate of the chips C from the chipping drum CD and passing through the outlet passage 20.
  • the outlet passage 20 is of substantially rectangular cross-section, and defined by an inner (or front) wall 21 , an outer (or rear) wall 22, and a pair of side walls 23, 24.
  • the outlet passage 20 is upwardly inclined and has a curved, mass flow measuring section 30, operably connected to an accelerator assembly 60.
  • the accelerator is immediately downstream of the mass flow sensor 40.
  • the outlet passage 20 has an exhaust outlet 25 which delivers the chips C to the bin or hopper.
  • the mass flow measuring section 30 has a concave outer wall 31 which is impinged by the chips C passing up the outlet passage 20.
  • the lower portion 32 of the curved outer wall 31 is hingedly connected to the adjacent outer wall 22 via hinges 33.
  • the upper portion 34 of the curved outer wall 31 is engaged by one or more strain sensor(s) 40 mounted on bracket(s) 41 on the outer wall 22 of the outlet passage 20.
  • the sensors 40 can be connected to a CPU, which can receive other inputs from the harvester H, including fuel consumption of the engine E and ground speed of the harvester H ; and the CPU can calculate the specific yield of chips C and forward this information to a display in the operator's station OS.
  • the CPU can be programmed to provide simultaneous or historical outputs, and the latter can be processed to provide the operational history of the harvester H and the chip yields for selected sites to enable suitable comparisons to be determined.
  • the CPU can monitor the flow rate of the chips C via the mass flow sensor 40 and the fuel consumption of the engine E.
  • fuel consumption for the engine E exceeds a first preset limit for the flow rate of the chips C
  • the CPU can send a signal to the operator's station OS that the harvester H must be stopped to enable the knives to be sharpened immediately, as the fuel consumption is such that the operation of the harvester H is now, or becoming, uneconomic.
  • the CPU can be "mapped" so that different types of trees being harvested can be allowed for - typically the fuel consumption rate for softwoods will be lower than for harder woods.
  • the CPU can taken into consideration the ground speed of the harvester H along the rows of trees T and/or other factors which may affect the fuel consumption rate.
  • FIGS. 6 to 9 illustrate a method of, and apparatus for, adjusting the gap a by bending the outer wall 22 of the outlet passage 20 inwardly and outwardly by means of an external cam roller.
  • the accelerator assembly 60 has a housing 61 offset from, but operably connected to, the outlet passage 20.
  • the accelerator 60 has a shaft
  • Accelerator paddles or blades 64 are provided extending radially from a cylindrical hub 65 mounted on the shaft 62, and the tips of the paddles define a path, of radius r, extending into the outlet passage 20, so that the paddles 64 travel though the outlet passage 20 as the shaft 62 is driven by a motor (not shown).
  • a cam roller 69 has a substantially cylindrical body 70 with hinge spigots 71 at each end of the roller body 70, where the hinge spigots 71 are offset from the central axis 72 of the roller body.
  • the hinge spigots 71 are rotatably journalled in a pair of support brackets 73 on the outer wall 22, so arranged that as the roller body 70 is rotated, the roller body 70 engages the outer face 74 of the flexible wall portion 66 with a cam-like action.
  • a control lever 75 is connected to the cam roller 69, and its distal end is connected to the distal end of the piston rod 76 of a control ram 77, the cylinder 78 of which is also mounted on brackets 79 on the outer wall 22..
  • the present invention provides real-time plantation wood chip yield down to small resolution. Normally, the trees are cut and moved from their standing position before their stem mass is recorded, therefore only providing average yields, not site specific yields.
  • the present invention will enable useful GIS data to be generated, thereby enabling prescriptive responses to site-specific issues, such as nutrition, soil type, moisture content - compared with plant traits, such as genetic selection.
  • the mass flow device including its sensor, will enable yield mapping of forestry plantations to occur in real-time, plus its fitment will enable the operator to measure mass flow against fuel consumption to reveal real-time specific energy of the chipping process, i.e. KJ/Kg. This is a very important unit to determine when to sharpen the knives or blades.
  • the mass flow sensor enables an automated chipper knife or blade sharpener to be fitted to the harvester to further maximise harvesting efficiency and economic operation of the forests.
  • the terms 'comprises', 'comprising', 'includes', 'including', or similar terms are intended to mean a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a method, system or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include those elements solely, but may well include other elements not listed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de débit massique pour une machine de récolte de copeaux de bois et un ensemble accélérateur pour un passage de sortie d'une machine de récolte de copeaux de bois mobile, avec une partie paroi souple adjacente à l'accélérateur commandée de manière réglable par un mécanisme de commande pour commander le débit des copeaux au-delà de l'accélérateur. Le passage de sortie est relié de manière fonctionnelle à un dispositif de déchiquetage, et est conçu de manière à permettre à des copeaux de traverser celui-ci. Une partie paroi incurvée dans le passage de sortie, ou de celui-ci, est utilisable pour être frappée par les copeaux traversant le passage de sortie. Des moyens formant capteur reliés de manière fonctionnelle à la partie paroi incurvée mesurent la déformation et/ou d'autres paramètres de la partie paroi incurvée à titre d'indication du débit massique des copeaux à travers le passage de sortie.
PCT/AU2015/050840 2014-12-23 2015-12-23 Dispositif de débit massique pour machines de déchiquetage WO2016101039A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2014905249A AU2014905249A0 (en) 2014-12-23 Mass flow device for chipping machines
AU2014905249 2014-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016101039A1 true WO2016101039A1 (fr) 2016-06-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018122716B3 (de) 2018-09-17 2019-12-19 Technische Universität Dresden Förderer für Hackschnitzel und andere Schüttgüter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5205496A (en) * 1991-06-05 1993-04-27 O.D.E. Investments Corporation Universal grinder with reciprocal feeder
US5343761A (en) * 1991-06-17 1994-09-06 Allen Myers Method and apparatus for measuring grain mass flow rate in harvesters
US5390862A (en) * 1992-06-12 1995-02-21 7/7/77 Incorporated Apparatus for chipping and grinding tree limbs
US20130008987A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-10 Astec Industries, Inc. Material Reduction Machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5205496A (en) * 1991-06-05 1993-04-27 O.D.E. Investments Corporation Universal grinder with reciprocal feeder
US5343761A (en) * 1991-06-17 1994-09-06 Allen Myers Method and apparatus for measuring grain mass flow rate in harvesters
US5390862A (en) * 1992-06-12 1995-02-21 7/7/77 Incorporated Apparatus for chipping and grinding tree limbs
US20130008987A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-10 Astec Industries, Inc. Material Reduction Machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018122716B3 (de) 2018-09-17 2019-12-19 Technische Universität Dresden Förderer für Hackschnitzel und andere Schüttgüter
EP3623635A1 (fr) 2018-09-17 2020-03-18 Technische Universität Dresden Transporteur pour copeaux et autres produits en vrac

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