WO2016092536A1 - Détecteur de tremblement de terre et procédé de détection de tremblement de terre - Google Patents

Détecteur de tremblement de terre et procédé de détection de tremblement de terre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016092536A1
WO2016092536A1 PCT/IL2015/051165 IL2015051165W WO2016092536A1 WO 2016092536 A1 WO2016092536 A1 WO 2016092536A1 IL 2015051165 W IL2015051165 W IL 2015051165W WO 2016092536 A1 WO2016092536 A1 WO 2016092536A1
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Prior art keywords
earthquake
earthquake detector
signals
detector
motion
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PCT/IL2015/051165
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English (en)
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Habib Jeries Nasser
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Habib Jeries Nasser
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Publication of WO2016092536A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016092536A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/01—Measuring or predicting earthquakes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of earthquake detection. More particularly, the invention relates to an earthquake detector and method for filtering and detecting earthquakes. Specifically, the present invention relates to an earthquake filtering and detection method and earthquake detector for selected intensities of earthquakes, with accurate verification, over a wide area and relatively early detection.
  • the Richter scale is a logarithmic scale, whereby each subsequent number on the scale represents an increase in intensity by known mathematical multiples, e.g., the energy and shocks produced by an earthquake measuring an 8 on the Richter scale is several hundred times more powerful than an earthquake measuring 4 on the same scale. In other words, an earthquake measuring 8 on the Richter scale is not twice as strong as one measuring 4, ' it is several hundred times stronger.
  • the Richter scale This scale measures the magnitude of the earthquake at its epicenter. If, for example, an earthquake measuring 7 on the Richter scale occurred hundreds or thousands of kilometers away from a particular location, the earthquake would be felt relatively weaker in that location. The further a location is from the epicenter of the earthquake, the less intensely the earthquake is measured. Therefore, a measurement of the intensity of an earthquake on the Richter scale is measured relative to the location of its epicenter, and not in relation to any mere location positioned at some distance from the earthquake's epicenter.
  • an alternative scale is used, which is known as the Mercalli scale.
  • the Mercalli scale measures the strength of an earthquake, as is measured at a particular location, e.g. a house, and not necessarily at the epicenter of the earthquake. This value can be taken at a certain distance from the point of the epicenter of an earthquake.
  • the Mercalli scale is divided into, and defined over, 12 different levels. Each level describes a situation, responses and damages that might occur at the location of measurement.
  • an earthquake measuring 4 on the Mercalli scale is described as follows : Felt by almost all people inside a building, and by a few outside the building.
  • Another example an earthquake measuring 7 on the Mercalli scale is described as follows ⁇ Negligible damage to well-designed and well-built buildings, light to medium damage to normal-built buildings, and a significant damage to weak structures.
  • An earthquake measuring 9 on the Mercalli scale is described as follows : Significant damage to buildings designed specifically to withstand earthquakes, and collapse of normal-built buildings. At the epicenter of an earthquake, there are two main types of waves :
  • the P waves travel through the ground at a relatively high velocity, while the S waves travel significantly slower. But relatively to the S waves, the P waves are significantly weaker, they are measured at values of around 5 to 20 moment magnitude, and they do not cause much damage. The S waves, on the other hand, are more dangerous and destructive.
  • the phenomenon of the P waves and the S waves resembles that of the lightning and thunder : the flash of the lightning travels faster than the sound of thunder.
  • the method of detection can provoke false alarms!
  • the devices have a very limited usefulness.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide solutions to the abovementioned problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and earthquake detector for effectively filter earthquakes of specific intensities.
  • an earthquake detector (8A) for detecting earthquakes including:
  • the comparator determines that the signals (56a, 56b) are substantially equal and simultaneous
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an earthquake filtering and detection unit, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an exploded view of a main unit of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a main unit and a secondary unit of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic two-dimensional flow diagram illustrating the operation principles of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4A depicts an earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic two-dimensional illustration of three earthquake earthquake detectors located at different geographic locations that receive information from one another, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention will be understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments ("best mode"), which are meant to be descriptive and not limiting. For the sake of brevity, some well-known features, methods, systems, procedures, components, circuits, and so on, are not described in detail.
  • the present invention relates to a earthquake detector and method to screen for and to detect earthquakes of particular intensities, with a nearly perfect accuracy, across broad geographical areas, with a relatively very early detection time.
  • the earthquake detector in accordance with the invention includes two or more sensors positioned in two or more locations, that are connected using wires or wirelessly, to enable a transmission of signals to a processing unit configured to filtering data and detect earthquakes of particular intensities, further enables to warning a user via acoustical or visual alarms.
  • the earthquake detector in accordance with one embodiment of the invention detects with a perfect accuracy, with no false alarms, and in a result enables the warning of a user about the presence of P waves and/or S waves that are traveling at his direction even before these waves have arrived at his location.
  • the earthquake detector according to the present invention uses at least two sensors, connected in parallel.
  • a parallel connection of two or more sensors allows the use of more sensitive sensors (detectors) without the concern that only one of the sensors may sense a random vibration and therefore trigger a false alarm.
  • a more sensitive sensor may be used for sensing most minute vibrations, while a parallel connection of the sensors coupled to a processing unit enables the elimination of any false alarm based on the structure of the parallel detection.
  • the signals from the sensors will only be amplified and activating the alarm if at least two sensors receive a frequency vibration, signifying vibrations of about 1 to 10 hertz, according to one preferred configuration.
  • the earthquake detector may further contain wireless communication protocols and be using an application program ("app") coupled with GSM/GPS systems, to allow a relatively early detection of earthquakes.
  • P- wave or S-wave presence will be immediately detected by remote sensors, located over tens and hundreds of kilometers away from the location of the user, and consequently a signal will be transmitted to the location of the user for activating an alarm before the arrival of the waves to his location. Since wireless transmission travels through the air at a much faster speed (of about 300,000 kilometers per second) than the speed of either P-waves or S-waves, the user will receive an earlier detection of the approaching earthquake waves, hence giving him a longer warning time to enable him making emergency preparations, such as taking cover in an appropriate place, running out of a building, closing gas valves, shutting-down the electric power, open emergency openings, etc.
  • each of the sensors will be firmly attached to a rigid structure, e.g. to building foundations, or directly to the ground, or to any other place that is linked directly to the surface of the earth, in order that the vibrations may be sensed right away.
  • a variety of sensors can be used to correspond to different frequencies and amplitudes of earthquakes, preferably covering a scale from 1 hertz to 10 hertz.
  • a wider range of scale may be used and determined by setting the sensitivity of the earthquake detector to even smaller values than 1 hertz, in order to facilitate the earthquake detector's connectivity with infrastructures or sensitive facilities, the operation of which must be automatically halted in cases where even weak earthquakes are sensed.
  • the magnitude range may cover values higher than 10 hertz, in special cases where the earthquake detector in accordance with the invention may be adapted to correspond with machinery tolerating violent vibrations but do not permitted to operate at extreme conditions of destructive earthquakes.
  • sensors that can be used within the detectors of the present invention include : mercury sensors, mechanical inertial sensors, electro-physical sensors, electromagnetic sensors, etc.
  • the senor is attached to an amplifier, and while there is no earthquake, no signal is given.
  • the sensors activate their unit and trigger an acoustic or a visual alarm.
  • the earthquake detector of the invention enables activating a warning alarm after filtering waves of selected intensities, e.g. above 4 on the Mercalli scale.
  • the earthquake detector in accordance with the invention may include a unit with electronic and electric components between the sensors and a display, as will be described below.
  • Various sensors applying various physical principles may be included in the earthquake detector to detect P waves or S waves, e.g. electro-physical sensors, electromagnetic sensors, mercury sensors, etc.
  • the electronic filtering earthquake detector and method according to the invention may filter irrelevant noises out from the received inputs of the sensors, such as the noises generated from the passage of vehicles, trains, airplanes, people, or industrial chatter, etc.
  • the earthquake detector and method in accordance with the invention may trigger a warning alarm at home, an office, an industrial level, etc.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • an input from the sensor is compared with the database of accelerograms to identify the presence of an earthquake.
  • the input from a sensor is compared with general schematic patterns of recorded accelerograms, and if there is a match between the seismic input from a sensor and a spectrum of a recorded accelerogram of past earthquake, an electric pulse is sent to activate an alarm.
  • the earthquake detector according to one embodiment of the invention will be triggered in case of sensing an approaching earthquake and allow a real-time viewing of an alphanumerical display with data about the intensity of the earthquake, and will also include a normal clock. It is possible to attach an emergency speaker to the earthquake detector or method in accordance with the invention.
  • the method and earthquake detector of the invention it is possible to connect inside a home at least two wired or wireless sensors, placed far from one another in two or more different locations at the home, thereby only a real-time activation of two or more sensors (detectors) will operate the alarm.
  • the earthquake detector and method in accordance with one embodiment of the invention is designed in principle to be used at a home, an office, a residential building, a commercial space, an industrial facility, a factory, a warehouse, or a headquarters.
  • the earthquake detector for detecting earthquakes has a main unit 10A that includes an internal unit, a display 12, and buttons 14 for operating the unit and for enabling to program a clock displayed on display 12.
  • a status light such as a LED (light- emitting diode) 16 is turned on, and an alarm is operated.
  • a hole 18 in the cover of unit 10A allows the sound waves of the alarm to pass through the hole.
  • a main unit 10A includes a socket with an output 22 component.
  • the output 22 component is connectable to an external emergency system or to electronic components, such as components coupled to devices for closing gas valves, opening elevators doors, opening emergency fire sprinklers, etc.
  • An input 20 component is used to supply electricity to unit 10A, to receive electric signals, to receive data communications from external control units, or to receive other input channels.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an exploded view of a main unit of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • main unit 10A includes a plastic cover 26, an electrical circuit 30, and a base unit 28.
  • Plastic cover 26 is to be connected to base unit 28 with screws 24, to enclose electrical circuit 30 inside it.
  • Electrical circuit 30 includes a processor 36 for processing data and for filtering earthquakes. Electrical circuit 30 filters vibrations below a threshold of a set value. For example, values below 4 on the Mercalli scale can be filtered, and a sound of alarm will not be operated below the value of 4 on the Mercalli scale.
  • Electrical circuit 30 includes a receiver antenna 40, a sensor 34A, a speaker 32, a display 12, and a LED 16. Sensor 34A senses vibrations of the surroundings, and transmits electrical signals to processor 36.
  • Processor 36 processes the sensed vibrations of the surroundings, and filters a selected set of signals, signifying earthquake vibrations. For selecting a set of signals signifying earthquake vibrations, processor 36 compares electrical signals with prerecorded data of past earthquakes, to filter noise signals or deviations from a standard earthquake vibrations range. Alternatively, processor 36 filters numeric values higher than, or lower than, predetermined threshold values, to analyze the presence of an earthquake in real ⁇ time, excluding unwanted values for selecting a chosen set of parameters indicative of an earthquake. In the case where processor 36 filter signals signifying earthquake vibrations, a switch is closed and an electric current activates an alarm sound by speaker 32. A LED is turned on while alarm is operated, for showing a visual indication of alarm at the moment an earthquake is detected.
  • speaker 32 may announce the intensity of an earthquake.
  • the intensity of an earthquake may be announced with values on the Mercalli scale.
  • Figure 2 A depicts the sensor of Figure 2.
  • sensor 34A includes an electromagnet 66, for sensing vertical motion 64 of the ground 62.
  • sensor 34A may include a balanced horizontal arm 68 supported by a hinge 70. Arm is balanced by a weight 72 at one side, and an iron core 74 at another side. Upon vertical motion 64 of the ground 62, iron core 74 also moves vertically, by rotating about hinge 70.
  • Vertical motion 64 of iron core 74 in relation to electromagnet 66 produces electric current 76 being amplified by an amplifier 78.
  • the length of arm 68 conforms to the resonance of the vertical motion 64 of the ground, and thus of iron core 74.
  • a filter 82 filters the amplified current 76 by software, comparing vertical motion 64 to vertical motions stored in a database.
  • Sensor 34A may be rigidly fixed to a wall of the building.
  • antenna 40 of main unit 10A may receive signals from another unit 10B, which may be distant from main unit 10A, for analyzing the received signals with processor 36.
  • Distant unit 10B can be placed at a predefined location within a known distance from main unit 10A.
  • Distant unit 10B sends signals of an earthquake sensed with a sensor 34B placed in unit 10B, and main unit 10A receive the signals in real-time with antenna 40 or with a wired connection.
  • Processor 36 in main unit 10 A compares the received signals from distant unit 10B with signals from sensor 34A of main unit 10A or with other signals (other signals can be signals received from another distant unit 10B or from other sensors 34B installed at different locations inside or outside the house or the building).
  • only one sensor 34A is installed, and indication of an earthquake is given by filtering signals with processor 36.
  • filtering with processor 36 is executed by an algorithm based on predefined set of numeric values characterizing earthquake vibrations spectrums and a comparison with numeric values stored in a memory device of past earthquakes accelerograms, to determine the presence of an earthquake in real-time and eliminating interference noise signals of commotion or the surrounding.
  • only one sensor 34A is needed to determine an earthquake, and filtering of data is executed by processor 36 while using only main unit 10A that includes processor 36 for filtering earthquakes by algorithmically selecting set values characterizing earthquakes and eliminating deviational values of noises.
  • a trend in a graphic exposition of the seismic vibrations is recognized by processor 36 to determine the magnitude of an earthquake.
  • the recognized graphic trend is extrapolated into values on the Mercalli scale, and an indication of an earthquake and its magnitude on the Mercalli scale is presented on display 12.
  • a graph illustrating the intensity of an earthquake can be shown on display 12 when a user presses on selection buttons 14 (shown in Fig. l).
  • Main unit 10A can be fixed to a wall of a building or a house by screwing through holes 38 of base unit 28, for enabling a preferred attachment to the structure of a building for a better sensing of seismic movements with internal sensor 34A.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a main unit and a secondary unit of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector and method, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a secondary unit 10B includes a sensor 34B for detecting an earthquake.
  • Sensor 34B in secondary unit 10B detects seismic movements and transmits electronic signals of the vibrations to a main unit 10A.
  • main unit 10A includes sensor 34A for sensing seismic motions
  • secondary unit 10B includes sensor 34B for sensing seismic motions.
  • the sensor of secondary unit 10B is connected in parallel to the sensor of main unit 10A.
  • a parallel connection of sensors represents a logical operator of "if and only if in an electric circuit.
  • a connection in parallel of two sensors supplies an electrical connection that assigns the same values as the "if and only if logic operator. In this case, if and only if both sensors are sensing motion, then an alarm is turned on to indicate that an earthquake is to strike. In this way, for the alarm of main unit 10 A to operate, both the sensor of main unit 10A and the sensor of secondary unit 10B are to detect vibrations simultaneously. If and only if the motion sensor of main unit 10A and the motion sensor of secondary unit 10B are sensing vibrations, then the alarm is operated to indicate an earthquake.
  • main unit 10A may include at least two sensors, connected in parallel. In this way, only if all sensors of main unit 10A sense vibrations simultaneously, then an alarm is operated to indicate an earthquake.
  • a parallel connection of the sensors of main unit 10A supplies logic of "if and only if, that allows filtering of false alarms. In this way, if only one of the sensors (or if not all the sensors) is (are) sensing vibrations, then the alarm is not operated.
  • the motion is not a seismic motion but rather a noise that comes from moving furniture, slamming a door, inserting books into a library, cleaning a wardrobe, sound-waves of an engine, traffic, etc.
  • the sensors connected in parallel may be placed in main unit 10A, or they may be spread among a wide geographical range with secondary units 10B that includes motion sensors. There may be two sensors connected in parallel, or there may be more than two sensors connected in parallel. If and only if all sensors detect movements simultaneously, then an alarm is given.
  • secondary unit 10B includes a transmitter that takes information from an internal sensor in unit 10B and converts it to a signal
  • main unit 10A includes a receiver that takes the signal from the channel (physical channel or a transmission medium such as "free space” channel) and converts it back into usable information.
  • a signal 44 is transmitted from secondary unit 10B and the information is received at main unit 10A.
  • the information of signal 44 may contain the physical characteristics of the vibrations sensed by the internal sensor in secondary unit 10B, such as the amlplitude, scope, intensity, duration, magnitude, numeric values, etc.
  • Signal 44 is converted back into usable information at the processor of main unit 10A, and the processor filters the information for analyzing if an earthquake approaches the location of the user. If the analyzing result after filtering the information by an algorithm in the processor indicates an earthquake is approaching, an alarm is sounded to alert a user.
  • main unit 10A may be connected with several secondary units 10B, to receive transmissions from many geographical locations. By processing the information received from the plurality of secondary units 10B, the processor of main unit 10A filters the received seismic information to decide if an earthquake is approaching the location of a user.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic two-dimensional flow diagram illustrating the operation principles of an earthquake filtering and earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a schematic flow diagram illustrates secondary unit 10B that includes a sensor 34B ("sensor 2") and a transmitter 46.
  • main unit 10A that includes a sensor 34A ("sensor 1"), a receiver 48, a comparator 50, and an alarm 54.
  • Secondary unit 10B sense seismic motions with sensor 34B ("sensor 2") and creates a graph of signal 56b illustrating a wide range of frequencies of a seismic event.
  • the graph of 56b includes the seismic measurements of peak ground acceleration (PGA), velocity (PGV), ground displacement (PGD) and spectral intensity (SI).
  • Transmitter 46 transmits the information of signal 56b with a signal 44
  • receiver 48 of main unit 10A receives signal 44 and converts it back to the usable information of signal 56b.
  • Receiver 48 of unit 10A sends the information of signal 56b (received from "sensor 2" of secondary unit 10B) to comparator 50.
  • Sensor 34A (“sensor 1") of main unit 10A sense seismic motions and creates a graph of signal 56a illustrating a wide range of frequencies of a seismic event.
  • Signal 56a includes the seismic measurements of peak ground acceleration (PGA), velocity (PGV), ground displacement (PGD) and spectral intensity (SI).
  • PGA peak ground acceleration
  • PV velocity
  • PWD ground displacement
  • SI spectral intensity
  • Comparator component 50 of main unit 10A compares the graph of signal 56a with the graph of signal 56b.
  • the information of signal 56a (received from "sensor 1" located at main unit 10A) is compared with the information of signal 56b (received from "sensor 2" located at secondary unit 10B) to detect matching patterns and similitudes of frequencies. If a resembling pattern is appeared, an alarm 54 is operated to indicate an earthquake. In this way, the comparison between the information obtained from "sensor 1" and the information obtained from "sensor 2", located at two different geographical locations, reveals whether the detected motion is indeed an indication of an earthquake or whether the detected vibrations are only a product of noise (such as industrial noise, traffic, slamming of a door, and the like).
  • noise such as industrial noise, traffic, slamming of a door, and the like.
  • the comparison between the information of signal 56a from "sensor 1" (located at main unit 10A) and the information of signal 56b from “sensor 2" (located at the geographic location of secondary unit 10B) indicates a similar pattern, the conclusion is that a real seismic motion indicative of an earthquake is detected, and therefore alarm 54 is operated for warning a user (or for automatically stopping elevators, closing gas valves, and so on).
  • the comparison between signal 56a from “sensor 1” and signal 56b from “sensor 2” may be performed by comparator 50 while taking into account the geographic distance between the location of the remote “sensor 2" and the proximate "sensor 1" in order to include the relative time delay of the seismic motions, as it take the seismic waves to travel from the location of "sensor 2" to the location of main unit 10A.
  • comparator 50 For the comparison of comparator 50 to be accurate, a delay of the time phase taking the seismic waves to travel the geographic distance is considered, and the patterns of the graphs of signals 56a and 56b are compared with the respective delay in time. In the case where comparator 50 detects a similar pattern between the graph of 56a and the graph of signal 56b considering the delay of time taking the seismic waves to travel the ground from the geographic location of "sensor 2" to the geographic location of main unit 10A, an indication of an alarm is given and alarm 54 is operated. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the comparison of the graph of signal 56a with the graph of signal 56b by comparator 50 assures that no false alarms are given.
  • the comparison of graphs by comparator 50 may therefore serve as a filtering mechanism, to gain a reliable filtering and detecting of earthquakes.
  • the compared information by comparator 50 may be in the form of a graph, in the form of electronic signals, in the form of electric currents, in the form of digital data, or analog signals.
  • comparator 50 may compare information sensed from multiple sensors. The sensors may be spread at different geographic locations, covering a vast geographic area. On the other hand, multiple sensors may be located at proximate locations and near main unit 10A, to ensure significant filtering of the information gained from multiple sensors by comparator 50.
  • the paralleling of information by comparator 50 ensures effective filtering of many false alarms, even if the sensors are placed next to each other as the comparison indicates whether all sensors sense similar seismic information.
  • Sensor 34A and sensor 34B may be selected from the group consisting of a mechanic sensor, an electronic sensor, a photosensor, a galvanometer, a geophone, an accelerometer, a mechanic seismoscope, an electronic seismoscope, an electronic seismograph, an electronic seismometer, and a digital seismometer.
  • Figure 4A depicts an earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 1 to 4 up to here have been described for detecting the earthquake by comparing signal 56A produced by motion sensor 34A of main unit 10A, to signal 56B produced by motion sensor 34B of main unit 10B.
  • the detection may be simplified by providing a single earthquake detector 8A including motion sensors 34A and 34B, for detecting the earthquake by comparing signal 56A produced by motion sensor 34A of motion sensor 34A to signal 56B produced by motion sensor 34B of motion sensor 34A, wherein motion sensors 34A and 34B are distanced one from the other.
  • earthquake detector 8A includes motion sensors 34A and 34B, and a distancing body 58.
  • earthquake detector 8A includes motion sensors 34A and 34B, and a distancing installation 58, denoted in Figures 3 and 4, for fixing motion sensors 34A and 34B distanced one from the other.
  • the requirement for the distance between motion sensors 34A and 34B is that substantial similar signals thereof indicate that the source of the motion thereof is from the same motion of the ground, being in contrast to motion of a smaller object, such as a human being or animal, applying substantial a different motion to each of the motion sensors 34A and 34B.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic two-dimensional illustration of three earthquake earthquake detectors located at different geographic locations that receive information from one another, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • filtering and earthquake detector 8A is placed at a selected location in City A.
  • Filtering and earthquake detector 8A includes main unit 10A and at least one secondary unit 10B, coupled to at least one sensor for detecting earthquakes.
  • each of filtering and earthquake detectors 8B and 8C include main unit 10A and at least one secondary unit 10B, coupled to at least one sensor for detecting earthquakes.
  • Earthquake detector 8B is located at City B
  • earthquake detector 8C is located at City C.
  • Main unit 10A of filtering and earthquake detector 8A transmit information of detected seismic movements to main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8B and to main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8C.
  • Main unit 10A of filtering and earthquake detector 8B transmits information of detected seismic movements to main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8A and to main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8C.
  • main unit 10A of filtering and earthquake detector 8C transmits information of detected seismic movements to main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8A and to main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8B.
  • Each of filtering and earthquake detectors 8A, 8B and 8C compares information received from the sensors of its own with information received from the other earthquake detectors.
  • graph 56a represent motion information received from the sensors of its own
  • graph 56b represent motion information received from another earthquake detector.
  • Earthquake detector 8A includes at least two seismic sensors : at least one sensor is located at main unit 10A and at least one sensor is located at secondary unit 10B.
  • Graph 56a at filtering and earthquake detector 8A display information received from at least one sensor from earthquake detector 8A
  • graph 56b at filtering and earthquake detector 8A display information received from another earthquake detector of another city, either from earthquake detector 8B of City B or from earthquake detector 8C of City C.
  • a comparator component disposed in main unit 10A of earthquake detector 8A compares between graph 56a and graph 56b, for filtering noise motions and for detecting an approaching earthquake.
  • Main unit 10A of filtering and earthquake detector 8A at City A compares graphs 56a and 56b.
  • the information of graph 56a is compared with information received from earthquake detector 8B of City B and earthquake detector 8C of City C.
  • a comparison of graphs 56a and 56b, when graph 56b holds information gained from earthquake detector 8B or earthquake detector 8C, enables to filter the information received from the seismic sensors to decide regarding patterns of earthquakes, and to eliminate noise signals.
  • a notification about an approaching earthquake is sent from filtering and earthquake detector 8A to filtering and earthquake detector 8B and to filtering and earthquake detector 8C.
  • the comparison between graphs 56a and 56b at filtering and earthquake detector 8A enables filtering out false alarms.
  • multiple filtering and earthquake detectors may be connected to one another, to transmit seismic information from one earthquake detector to another.
  • a network of filtering and earthquake detectors (that include earthquake detectors 8A, 8B, 8C, and other similar earthquake detectors) is to be configured in this way, to enable a precise indication of an earthquake at an early detection time and filtering of noise signals by comparing the seismic information from the different earthquake detectors.
  • a large geographic area may be covered for sensing earthquakes by connecting filtering and earthquake detectors of different cities into one network.
  • Such a network provides real-time seismic information to each of its component earthquake detectors, to enable earlier warning before the S waves of an earthquake arrive to all the cities that are covered with the network of filtering and earthquake detectors.
  • a calibration to certain intensities of earthquakes can be predetermined, to filter earthquakes below certain intensity.
  • a certain value of P waves may be set at main unit 10A to determine if an earthquake is above a destructive intensity and if to send a warning notification to the other filtering and earthquake detectors.
  • the intensity of an earthquake may be displayed to a user on a screen of main unit 10A, detailing the different intensities of P waves and of S waves.
  • filtering and earthquake detectors 8A, 8B and 8C are connected together via wires or wirelessly.
  • the communication between earthquake detectors 8A, 8B and 8C is applied automatically, and may involve a control center 80.
  • control center 80 may warn detector 8C.
  • the invention is directed to an earthquake detector (8A) for detecting earthquakes, including at least a first (34A) motion sensor, the first motion sensor (34A) including
  • an electromagnet for producing electric current (76) upon the vertical motion of the balanced item (68), thereby producing a signal (56a, 56b) of the vertical seismic movement (64).
  • the balanced item (68) may include a balanced horizontal arm (68).
  • the invention is directed to an earthquake detector (8A) for detecting earthquakes, including:
  • the comparator determines that the signals (56a, 56b) are substantially equal and simultaneous
  • the earthquake detector (8 A) may further include : - an electrical circuit (30) for filtering noise of the signals (56a, 56b) (56a).
  • the earthquake detector (8 A) may further include :
  • main unit (10 A) and the at least one secondary unit (lOB) communicate with one another.
  • the earthquake detector (8A) may further include a database (52) of historical earthquakes accelerograms, for comparing thereof with the signals (56a, 56b).
  • Each of the at least first (34A) and second (34B) motion sensors may constitute : a mechanic sensor, an electronic sensor, a photosensor, a galvanometer, a geophone, an accelerometer, a mechanic seismoscope, an electronic seismoscope, an electronic seismograph, an electronic seismometer, and a digital seismometer.
  • the earthquake detector (8A) may further include a display (12) for indicating an earthquake.
  • the display (12) may include intensity presentation of an earthquake.
  • the intensity presentation may include values on Mercalli scale.
  • the display (12) may include a presentation of a graph of a magnitude of an earthquake.
  • the earthquake detector (8A) may further include a processor (36) connected to the first (34A) and second (34B) motion sensors, the processor (36) for processing the signals (56a, 56b).
  • the earthquake detector (8A) may further include a transmitter (46) and a receiver (48) for each of the main unit (lOA) and the secondary unit (lOB),
  • the transmitters (46) transmit (44) the signals (56a, 56b).
  • the main unit (lOA) may include a display (12) for indicating an earthquake.
  • the main unit (lOA) may include speaker (32) for indicating an earthquake.
  • the speaker (32) may be capable of announcing intensity of an earthquake.
  • a second earthquake detector (8B) may be included, and further may be included communication means between the first earthquake detector (8A) and the at least second earthquake detector (8B), and
  • processors for expecting, based on signals (34A,34B) of the at least second earthquake detector (8B), an earthquake to be applied on the first earthquake detector (8A),
  • first earthquake detector (8A) is distanced from the at least second earthquake detector (8B) in an extent that the seismic movement applied to the first earthquake detector (8A) is different from the seismic movement applied to the at least second earthquake detector (8B), e.g., the first earthquake detector (8A) is located in City A and the second earthquake detector (8B) is located in City B.
  • the invention is directed to a method for detecting earthquakes, the method including the steps of
  • the method may further include the step of comparing in real-time the signals (56a, 56b) with accelerograms of historical earthquakes.
  • the following reference numerals have been mentioned :
  • numeral 8A denotes an earthquake detector, according to one embodiment of the present invention! numeral 8A denotes also a filtering and earthquake detector of City A; numeral 8B denotes a filtering and earthquake detector of City B; and
  • numeral 8C denotes a filtering and earthquake detector of City c
  • ⁇ numeral 10A denotes a main unit
  • numeral 10B denotes a secondary unit, which may be distant form the main unit!
  • numeral 14 denotes a button!
  • ⁇ numeral 16 denotes a LED (light-emitting diode);
  • numeral 18 denotes a hole in the cover of unit 10A!
  • numeral 20 denotes an input component!
  • numeral 24 denotes a screw
  • ⁇ numeral 26 denotes a plastic cover
  • numeral 30 denotes an electrical circuit
  • numeral 36 denotes a processor!
  • numeral 38 denotes holes!
  • numeral 40 denotes an antenna
  • numeral 44 denotes a signal!
  • numeral 46 denotes a transmitter
  • ⁇ numeral 48 denotes a receiver!
  • numeral 52 denotes a database of the earthquake detector!
  • numeral 54 denotes an alarm!
  • numeral 56a denotes the signal of motion sensor 34A, which may presented by a graph displaying motion information received from the sensors of the same earthquake detector!
  • numeral 56b denotes the signal of motion sensor 34B, which may presented by a graph displaying motion information received from the sensors of the same earthquake detector!
  • numeral 58 denotes a distancing body or distancing installation between two motion sensors!
  • numeral 60 denotes the chassis of the main unit!
  • numeral 64 denotes vertical motion of the ground!
  • numeral 66 denotes an electromagnet, for producing electric current upon motion thereof or upon motion of an iron core in relation thereto!
  • numeral 68 denotes an arm being balanced on a hinge, thus at the balanced state the arm is disposed horizontally!
  • numeral 70 denotes a hinge!
  • numeral 72 denotes a weight for balancing the electromagnet or the iron core!
  • numeral 74 denotes an iron core, for producing electric current by the electromagnet upon motion of one in relation to the other!
  • numeral 76 denotes electric current, produced by the electromagnet!
  • numeral 78 denotes an amplifier
  • numeral 80 denotes a control center
  • numeral 82 denotes a filter.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un détecteur de tremblement de terre (8A) pour détecter des tremblements de terre, comprenant : au moins un premier (34A) et un deuxième (34B) capteurs de mouvement, à une certaine distance (58) l'un de l'autre, chaque capteur étant destiné à produire un signal (56a, 56b) de mouvement sismique; un comparateur (50), pour comparer les signaux (56a, 56b) l'un à l'autre; et une alarme, destinée à être actionnée une fois que les signaux (56a, 56b) dépassent un seuil, et le comparateur détermine que les signaux (56a, 56b) sont sensiblement égaux et simultanés, manière à éviter des alarmes en cas de mouvement local.
PCT/IL2015/051165 2014-12-08 2015-11-30 Détecteur de tremblement de terre et procédé de détection de tremblement de terre WO2016092536A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL236127 2014-12-08
IL236127A IL236127A0 (en) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Earthquake detection detector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016092536A1 true WO2016092536A1 (fr) 2016-06-16

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IL (1) IL236127A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016092536A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160189519A1 (en) * 2014-12-24 2016-06-30 National Applied Research Laboratories Earthquake Warning Method and Earthquake Warning Broadcast System Thereof
WO2021152392A3 (fr) * 2020-01-29 2021-09-30 Survia Ltd. Procédé et système de gestion de dispositifs de sécurité dans un bâtiment lors de la détection d'un événement de menace
CN113654803A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-16 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 一种燃气轮机振动异常预警方法、装置及电子设备

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997008522A1 (fr) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-06 Roland Larsson Detecteur de vibrations
JP2001021665A (ja) * 1999-07-09 2001-01-26 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 地盤振動測定方法及び測定システム
US6356204B1 (en) * 1997-08-19 2002-03-12 Tectonics Research Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting impending earthquakes
US20040135698A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-07-15 Craig Webb Sensor apparatus and method for detecting earthquake generated P-waves and generating a responsive control signal
US20070279239A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2007-12-06 Heinz Lachenit Seismic warning system
JP2010014525A (ja) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-21 Mti:Kk 地震センサ

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997008522A1 (fr) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-06 Roland Larsson Detecteur de vibrations
US6356204B1 (en) * 1997-08-19 2002-03-12 Tectonics Research Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting impending earthquakes
JP2001021665A (ja) * 1999-07-09 2001-01-26 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 地盤振動測定方法及び測定システム
US20040135698A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-07-15 Craig Webb Sensor apparatus and method for detecting earthquake generated P-waves and generating a responsive control signal
US20070279239A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2007-12-06 Heinz Lachenit Seismic warning system
JP2010014525A (ja) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-21 Mti:Kk 地震センサ

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160189519A1 (en) * 2014-12-24 2016-06-30 National Applied Research Laboratories Earthquake Warning Method and Earthquake Warning Broadcast System Thereof
WO2021152392A3 (fr) * 2020-01-29 2021-09-30 Survia Ltd. Procédé et système de gestion de dispositifs de sécurité dans un bâtiment lors de la détection d'un événement de menace
CN113654803A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-16 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 一种燃气轮机振动异常预警方法、装置及电子设备
CN113654803B (zh) * 2021-08-19 2024-05-24 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 一种燃气轮机振动异常预警方法、装置及电子设备

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