WO2016091299A1 - Convertisseur à haut rendement pour systèmes monophasés - Google Patents

Convertisseur à haut rendement pour systèmes monophasés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016091299A1
WO2016091299A1 PCT/EP2014/077223 EP2014077223W WO2016091299A1 WO 2016091299 A1 WO2016091299 A1 WO 2016091299A1 EP 2014077223 W EP2014077223 W EP 2014077223W WO 2016091299 A1 WO2016091299 A1 WO 2016091299A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
power converter
voltage
point
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/077223
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marvin TANNHÄUSER
Markus Pfeifer
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/EP2014/077223 priority Critical patent/WO2016091299A1/fr
Publication of WO2016091299A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016091299A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck

Definitions

  • High-efficiency converter for single-phase systems The invention relates to a converter circuit for single-phase systems.
  • the invention relates to a method for interconnecting a DC voltage system with an AC voltage system with at least one such converter circuit.
  • the invention further relates to a circuit arrangement for single-phase systems comprising a split DC controller and such a converter circuit.
  • the invention further relates to a battery system, which has such a circuit arrangement and at least one battery ⁇ .
  • a power converter is here called an arrangement for converting an electric current into another.
  • a ⁇ such power converter is preferably in the Georgiaschal ⁇ tion of a DC voltage system with an AC system used, depending on the power flow direction of the converter is operated as an inverter or as a rectifier.
  • An inverter is an electrical device that converts DC voltage to AC voltage.
  • a rectifier is an electrical device that converts AC voltage to DC.
  • the power converter can be used here as a rectifier as well as an inverter.
  • a single-phase system has a phase conductor and a neutral, with the neutral being preferably grounded.
  • DE 10 2010 023 601 AI discloses a circuit topology for a phase connection of an inverter with a scarf ⁇ tion bridge whose bridge output via each at least two series-connected first circuit breaker comprising upper and lower half-bridge half with at least one upper and one lower limit potential, and each one Di ⁇ ode and connected in series with this first circuit breaker of the upper or lower half-half of the half can be connected to a located between the upper and a lower limit potential center potential.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a power converter circuit for single-phase systems, which, in the United equal to the state of the art, achieved a high efficiency and a good cost position and can be operated both as an inverter and as a rectifier.
  • This object is achieved by a power converter circuit for single-phase systems, which a
  • the 3-point power converter has two stacked half-bridges whose AC voltage ⁇ outputs are connected to the upper and lower power terminal of a third half-bridge, the middle power terminal of the third half-bridge is provided as the first output of the power converter circuit, the 2-point power converter has a half-bridge, the middle power ⁇ connection is provided as a second output for the power converter circuit, a series circuit of at least two capacitors connected between the DC voltage bus, which provided for establishing a center of the DC link voltage at the point located between the capacitors and the stacked half bridges are, with the first capacitor in parallel with DC voltage inputs of the first half-bridge is connected and the second capacitor is connected in parallel with DC voltage inputs of the second half-bridge.
  • the object is achieved by a method for interconnecting a DC system with an AC system with at least one converter circuit described above, wherein the converter circuit is operated as a rectifier and / or as an inverter.
  • the object is achieved by a circuit arrangement for single-phase systems, which has a divided DC controller and a converter circuit described above, wherein the divided DC / DC controller two stacked half-bridges comprising which are connected via their upper and lower power terminals parallel to the capacitances, and are provided there for about ⁇ at its central power connection connected inductance electrical power from a DC voltage system can be seen.
  • the object is achieved by a battery system which includes such a circuit arrangement and at least one battery ⁇ .
  • the power converter circuit, circuitry, method, and battery system of the invention are preferably used in network applications, such as photovoltaic, storage, and battery powered systems.
  • the power converter circuit is further advantageous because it has less Leis ⁇ tung semiconductor than from the known in the prior art circuits, such as a 3-level Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) -Voll vite. Therefore, the circuit is cheaper and the cost of controlling and regulating the power semiconductors is lower. Further, the circuit can ⁇ bi directionally by the inventive circuit topology, that is, depending on the power flow as a rectifying ⁇ ter and / or as an inverter, to be operated.
  • the first capacitor and the first half-bridge are formed as a first commutation ⁇ cell and the second capacitor and the second Half bridge formed as a second commutation cell.
  • commutation is the process in which a current flows from one branch to the other.
  • the commutation for example, during operation as an inverter, instead of the first capacitor to the parallel-connected to the first half bridge and the second capacitance to the paral lel ⁇ connected to the second half bridge.
  • the Ausbil ⁇ dung a Kommut istszelle is advantageous because as a very good commutation and switching behavior is achieved, which increases the efficiency of the present circuit.
  • such adapted power semiconductors have that the internal power semiconductor of the 3-point converter are provided for modulation of the AC voltage ⁇ and the external power semiconductor of the 3-point -Stromrichters and the power semiconductors of the 2-point converter are provided for a clocking with a Grundfre ⁇ frequency.
  • the indicated circuit topology he ⁇ laubt the use of matched power semiconductors, since the power semiconductors are provided for different functions within the power converter circuit. This is advantageous because the efficiency of the converter circuit increases as a result of the use of power semiconductors adapted to the task.
  • the inner power ⁇ semiconductors of the 3-point converter are optimized for a low switching losses and optimize the external power semiconductors of the 3-point power converter and the power semiconductor of the 2-point converter with respect to low on-state losses.
  • An essential factor for limiting the achievable efficiency lies in the losses that occur in the power semiconductors used. The switching losses, which occur at the moment of opening and closing the switch and increase with the switching frequency used, as well as the forward losses, which occur in the conductive b
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • the power semiconductors of the 3-point power converter have a withstand voltage, which corresponds to half the intermediate circuit voltage and the power semiconductor of the 2-point converter have a withstand voltage corresponding to the whole intermediate circuit chip ⁇ voltage.
  • the circuit topology with the divided intermediate circuit which acts as a kapa ⁇ zitiver voltage divider and at the same Kapazticianswer- the intermediate circuit voltage ten symmetrically distributed.
  • the switching frequency generating power semiconductor which have a higher dielectric strength and are thus suitable for switching hö ⁇ herer voltages significantly higher Heidelbergver ⁇ losses as power semiconductors, which have a lower withstand voltage.
  • the indicated circuit topology makes it possible that the power semiconductors of the 3-point current only need to have a withstand voltage judge wel ⁇ che half the intermediate circuit voltage while the corresponding Power semiconductor of the 2-point power converter must have a voltage ⁇ strength, which corresponds to the whole DC link voltage. This is particularly advantageous, since the power semiconductors are optimally used in each case, which leads to a high efficiency of the converter circuit.
  • DC / DC-Stellers are designed as a third commutation cell and the second capacitor and the second half-bridge of the DC / DC controller as a fourth commutation cell brokebil ⁇ det.
  • the commutation takes place, for example, in operation as an inverter, from the first half-bridge of the DC-adjuster to the first capacitor connected in parallel thereto and from the second half-bridge of the DC-adjuster to the second capacitor connected in parallel therewith .
  • the formation of a commutation cell is advantageous, since a very good commutation behavior and switching behavior in the DC / DC controller is thus achieved, which increases the efficiency of the DC / DC controller and thus of the entire converter.
  • the DC / DC controller has adapted power semiconductors, which are optimized with regard to low switching losses and have a dielectric strength which corresponds to half the intermediate circuit voltage (UZK). This is advantageous because it increases the efficiency of the DC / DC controller and thus of the entire power converter.
  • 1 shows the block diagram of an arrangement for interconnecting a DC voltage system with a single-phase AC voltage system
  • 2 shows a power converter circuit for single-phase systems
  • FIG 3 shows a circuit arrangement for single-phase systems comprising a split DC controller and a converter circuit.
  • FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of an arrangement for co ⁇ circuit of a DC voltage system 1 with a single-phase AC power system 3, which includes a DC regulator 20, an intermediate circuit 2 and an inverter 10 which.
  • the power converter 10 is operated as an inverter or as a rectifier.
  • An inverter here is an electrical device that converts DC voltage to AC voltage.
  • a rectifier is an electrical device which has AC voltage in
  • a single-phase system has ei ⁇ nen phase conductor and a neutral conductor, the neutral conductor is preferably grounded.
  • Another embodiment would be a so-called single-phase three-wire network or in English
  • split-phase or “single-phase three-wire” system which is preferably used in the United States of America for one-family households and small businesses.
  • the single-phase three-wire network is based on a single-phase system, with the aid of a transformer, which preferably has a neutral phase center tap on the secondary side, two opposite-phase signals, ie with a 180 degree phase offset, being generated on two conductors.
  • a transformer which preferably has a neutral phase center tap on the secondary side, two opposite-phase signals, ie with a 180 degree phase offset, being generated on two conductors.
  • the DC / DC controller 20 can operate in the high and low converter mode, wherein in the boost converter operation, the intermediate circuit voltage UZK is greater than the DC voltage UDC of the DC voltage system 1, while in Tiefsetzsteller- Operation the DC link voltage UZK is smaller than the DC voltage UDC of the DC voltage system.
  • the intermediate circuit has at least one energy store, preferably at least one capacity, and has the task of preventing network feedback on the double converter frequency and of minimizing the ripple of the DC voltage or of the direct current.
  • the operated as a removable ⁇ judge converter 10 is to convert the task to present at the input of the inverter DC voltage into AC voltage.
  • the inverter operates in a preferred embodiment with power electronic switches, which may be embodied for example as insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) but also as metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) or switching thyristors, and generates a time-varying voltage, preferably with the help a pulse width modulation (PWM). With a filter, the PWM signal can be smoothed to a sine wave signal.
  • IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
  • MOSFETs metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the power converter 10 When considering the power flow in the opposite direction, ie from the AC voltage system 3 to the DC voltage system 1, the power converter 10 operates as a rectifier and the DC / DC controller has the task of the DC link voltage UZK on the DC voltage UDC DC voltage system 1 to kon ⁇ vertise.
  • FIG. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a power converter circuit 10 for single-phase systems, which is connected to a DC voltage bus 4 with the intermediate circuit voltage UZK, wherein the
  • Output terminals Wp, Wn of the power converter circuit 10 are connected via a filter 5 by way of example to an AC voltage system 3.
  • the illustrated power converter circuit 10 can be operated as a rectifier and / or inverter.
  • the converter circuit 10 includes power semiconductor TAI, TA2, TA3, TA4, TA5, TA6, TB1, TB2, where a power ⁇ semiconductor preferably has an IGBT and a diode, and wherein the diode of the power semiconductor is connected as a freewheeling diode in parallel to the IGBT in the opposite direction.
  • the IGBTs are interconnected to half-bridges, with two stacked IGBTs forming a half-bridge.
  • the half bridge has an upper, a lower and a middle power connection.
  • the power converter circuit 10 has a
  • the 3-point-to-current converters 11 has an upper first half bridge IIa and un ⁇ tere second half bridge IIb, which are stacked so that the are IIb output terminal of the first half-bridge IIa with the upper output terminal of the second half-bridge ver ⁇ prevented.
  • the middle terminals of the first half-bridge IIa and the second half-bridge IIb are referred to in this circuit topology as AC voltage outputs 11p, lln ⁇ net and are connected to the upper and lower power connection of a third half-bridge 11c, wherein the middle
  • the 2-point power converter 12 has a half-bridge whose middle power connection is provided as a second output Wn for the power converter circuit 10.
  • a center M of the intermediate circuit voltage UDC between the two capacitors Cl, C2 is formed, whereby the center point is also located between the two stacked half-bridges IIa, IIb and half the drops at each capacitance between ⁇ link voltage UZK.
  • the symmetrical division of the intermediate circuit 2 is called a split intermediate
  • the second capacitor C2 and the second half-bridge IIb are formed as a second commutation cell K2, which minimizes parasitic effects caused mainly by the parasitic inductances between a capacitor and the parallel-connected half-bridge are caused.
  • 3-point converter 11 are for a modulation, preferably ⁇ a PWM, the AC voltage provided with a clock having a significantly higher frequency than the fundamental frequency.
  • the circuit topology of the power converter circuit according to the invention makes it possible to use power semiconductors TAI, TA2, TA3, TA4, TA5, TA6 for the 3-point power converter 11, which have a dielectric strength which corresponds to half the intermediate circuit voltage UZK.
  • the outer power semiconductors TA5, TA6 of the 3-point power converter 11 and the power semiconductors TB1, TB2 of the 2-point power converter 12 are provided for clocking at a fundamental frequency, for example 50 Hz or 100 Hz. Since at this much slower switching frequency the forward losses of the power semiconductors TB1, TB2, TB1, TB2 are dominant compared to the switching losses, power semiconductors TA5, TA6 for the 3-point power converter 11 and power semiconductors TB1, TB2 for the 2-point Due to the circuit topology 12 power semiconductors TB1, TB2 are used for the 2-point power converter, which have a dielectric strength aufwei ⁇ sen, which corresponds to the whole DC link voltage UZK , But this is not a disadvantage, since the power semi-conductor ⁇ TB1, do not have to switch quickly TB2 of the 2-point converter 12th 3 shows the circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement for single-phase systems comprising a split DC controller 20 and a power converter circuit 10 described above.
  • the two half bridges draw electrical power from a DC voltage system 1 via two inductors LI, L2 connected to the middle power connections of the half bridges 20a, 20b, the first inductance LI being connected to the middle power connection of the upper half bridge 20a of the DC adjuster 20 and the second inductance L2 is connected to the middle power connection of the lower half-bridge 20b of the DC-controller 20.
  • the first capacitor Cl and the first half-bridge 20a of the DC / DC controller 20 are formed as a third commutation cell K3, and the second capacitor C2 and the second half-bridge 20b of the DC / DC converter 20 are as a fourth Commutation K4 formed.
  • Analogous to the converter circuit 10 are adapted for the DC / DC controller 20 power semiconductors TD1, TD2, TD3, TD4 used, which are opti ⁇ mized in terms of low switching losses, since the DC / DC controller 20 is connected at a higher frequency than the fundamental frequency, which preference ⁇ , the clock frequency for the PWM of the 3-point converter 11 corresponds. Since the first half-bridge 20a of the DC / DC controller 20 ge ⁇ connected in parallel with the first capacitor Cl of the intermediate circuit 2 and the second half-bridge 20b of the DC / DC controller is connected in parallel to the second capacitance C2 of the DC 2 20, it allows the Circuit that the power semiconductors TD1, TD2, TD3, TD4 of the DC / DC controller 20 a
  • the circuit can be simplified, depending on the power ⁇ flow direction.
  • the IGBT in which a power semiconductor has an IGBT with a freewheeling diode connected in parallel in the opposite direction, the IGBT can be omitted at certain points and the circuit can be correspondingly simplified.
  • the IGBT of the power semiconductor TD1 and the IGBT of the power semiconductor TD4 may be omitted. This is special ⁇ It benefits in because the cost and complexity of the circuit can be reduced.
  • the invention relates to a power converter circuit 10 for single-phase systems.
  • the power converter circuit 10 has a 3-point power converter 11 and a 2-point power converter 12, the 3-point power converter 11 and the 2-point power converter 12 being connected between a DC voltage bus having an intermediate circuit voltage UZK
  • the 3-point power converter 11 has two stacked half-bridges IIa, IIb whose AC voltage outputs 11p, 11n are connected to the upper and lower power terminals of a third half-bridge 11c, where ⁇ at the middle power terminal of the third half-bridge 11c as the first output Wp of the power converters Circuit 10 is provided
  • the 2-point power converter 12 has a half-bridge whose middle power connection is provided as a second output Wn for the power converter circuit 10, a series circuit of capacitors Cl, C2 connected between the DC voltage bus, which for Producing a center M of the intermediate circuit voltage UZK am between the capacitors Cl, C2 and the stacked te

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un montage convertisseur (10) pour des systèmes monophasés. Pour l'obtention d'un rendement élevé et d'un niveau de coût intéressant, le montage convertisseur (10) selon l'invention comprend un convertisseur à deux niveaux (21) et un convertisseur à trois niveaux (11), le convertisseur à deux niveaux (12) étant relié aux bornes d'un bus de tension continue par une tension de circuit intermédiaire (UZK), le convertisseur à trois niveaux (11) comprenant deux demi-ponts empilés (11a, 11b), dont les sorties de tension alternative (11p, 11n) sont reliées aux bornes de puissance supérieure et inférieure d'un troisième demi-pont (11c), la borne de puissance centrale du troisième demi-pont (11c) étant conçue pour être la première sortie (Wp) du circuit convertisseur (10), le convertisseur à 2 niveaux (12) comprenant un demi-pont dont la borne de puissance centrale est conçue pour être une seconde sortie (Wn) du montage convertisseur (10), un montage en série de condensateurs (C1, C2) entre raccordé aux bornes du bus de tension continue, conçu pour réaliser un point milieu (M) de la tension de circuit intermédiaire (UZK) au niveau du point situé entre les condensateurs (C1, C2) et les demi-ponts empilés (11a, 11b), le premier condensateur (C1) étant monté en parallèle avec les premières entrées de tension continue du premier demi-pont (11a), et le second condensateur (C2) étant monté en parallèle avec les entrées de tension continue du second demi-pont (11b).
PCT/EP2014/077223 2014-12-10 2014-12-10 Convertisseur à haut rendement pour systèmes monophasés WO2016091299A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/077223 WO2016091299A1 (fr) 2014-12-10 2014-12-10 Convertisseur à haut rendement pour systèmes monophasés

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/077223 WO2016091299A1 (fr) 2014-12-10 2014-12-10 Convertisseur à haut rendement pour systèmes monophasés

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WO2016091299A1 true WO2016091299A1 (fr) 2016-06-16

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10140747A1 (de) 2000-09-13 2002-03-21 Abb Research Ltd Steuer- und Regelverfahren für einen Dreipunkt-Stromrichter mit aktiven Klemmschaltern sowie Vorrichtung hierzu
US20030043603A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-06 Semikron Elektronik Gmbh Frequency converter
DE202010000284U1 (de) 2009-03-02 2010-05-06 Abb Research Ltd. Fünfpunkt-Wechselrichter
US20110133556A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Energy storage system
DE102010023601A1 (de) 2010-06-12 2011-12-15 Kostal Industrie Elektrik Gmbh Schaltungstopologie für einen Phasenanschluss eines Wechselrichters
CN202495887U (zh) * 2012-02-10 2012-10-17 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 用于光伏发电的逆变器
US20130088901A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-04-11 Ce+T Multilevel inverter
EP2728734A1 (fr) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-07 ABB Oy Onduleur fixé au point neutre à trois niveaux

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10140747A1 (de) 2000-09-13 2002-03-21 Abb Research Ltd Steuer- und Regelverfahren für einen Dreipunkt-Stromrichter mit aktiven Klemmschaltern sowie Vorrichtung hierzu
US20030043603A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-06 Semikron Elektronik Gmbh Frequency converter
DE202010000284U1 (de) 2009-03-02 2010-05-06 Abb Research Ltd. Fünfpunkt-Wechselrichter
US20110133556A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Energy storage system
US20130088901A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-04-11 Ce+T Multilevel inverter
DE102010023601A1 (de) 2010-06-12 2011-12-15 Kostal Industrie Elektrik Gmbh Schaltungstopologie für einen Phasenanschluss eines Wechselrichters
CN202495887U (zh) * 2012-02-10 2012-10-17 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 用于光伏发电的逆变器
EP2728734A1 (fr) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-07 ABB Oy Onduleur fixé au point neutre à trois niveaux

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
FEEL-SOON KANG ET AL: "A new single-phase five-level PWM inverter employing a deadbeat control scheme", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, USA, vol. 18, no. 3, 1 May 2003 (2003-05-01), pages 831 - 843, XP011096256, ISSN: 0885-8993, DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2003.810837 *
PRECKWINKEL HEIKO ET AL: "A novel low cost solar central inverters topology with 99.2% efficiency", 2013 15TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS (EPE), IEEE, 2 September 2013 (2013-09-02), pages 1 - 10, XP032505402, DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2013.6631769 *
SCHONER CHRISTIAN ET AL: "Comparison and evaluation of different three-level inverter topologies for PV systems", 2014 16TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS, IEEE, 26 August 2014 (2014-08-26), pages 1 - 10, XP032651305, DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910810 *

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