EP3005543A1 - Transducteur dc/dc multi-niveaux modulaire pour applications hvdc - Google Patents

Transducteur dc/dc multi-niveaux modulaire pour applications hvdc

Info

Publication number
EP3005543A1
EP3005543A1 EP13741988.3A EP13741988A EP3005543A1 EP 3005543 A1 EP3005543 A1 EP 3005543A1 EP 13741988 A EP13741988 A EP 13741988A EP 3005543 A1 EP3005543 A1 EP 3005543A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pole
converter
voltage
terminal
positive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13741988.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3005543B1 (fr
Inventor
Mark-Matthias Bakran
Dominik ERGIN
Hans-Joachim Knaak
Andre SCHÖN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3005543A1 publication Critical patent/EP3005543A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3005543B1 publication Critical patent/EP3005543B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC-DC converter for connecting high-voltage DC networks having different voltages.
  • FIG. 1 A known from the prior art Gleichhardswand- 1er for connecting high-voltage direct current networks, which are at different voltage levels, is illustrated by way of example in the figure 1.
  • the DC-DC converter shown there has a first DC voltage connection 1 for connecting a first high-voltage DC network, which forms a positive DC voltage terminal 2 and a negative DC voltage terminal 3.
  • a second DC voltage connection 4 is provided, which again has a positive DC voltage terminal 5 and a negative DC voltage terminal 6.
  • Between the positive 2 and the negative DC voltage terminal 3 of the first DC voltage terminal 1 extend three phase modules 7 of a first partial converter 8.
  • a phase module 7 consists of two series-connected inverter arms 9 and an inductor 10 in the form of coils. Further, a second partial converter 11 is provided, which also has three phase modules 7, which are each composed of two series-connected converter arms 9 and an inductor 10. Each phase module 7 forms two DC voltage connections, which form once the positive terminal 5 and the negative terminal 6 of the second DC voltage terminal 4. The potential point between the converter arms 9 forms an alternating voltage phase of an AC voltage terminal 12 of the respective converter 8 or 11. The two AC voltage terminals 12 are connected to each other via a three-phase transformer 14. In this case, the windings of said transformer 14 in any manner, ie for example, be connected to each other in a triangle or star connection.
  • the DC voltage of the first DC voltage network is first transferred via the first part of converter 8 in an AC voltage, transformed via the transformer 14 to the voltage level required in each case and then again converted by the partial converter 11 in the desired DC voltage.
  • DC-DC converters for small to medium energies are also well known.
  • step-up or step-down converters should be mentioned, which are equipped with coils and capacitors, with power semiconductor switches providing a brief interruption of a current flow.
  • the power semiconductors of the known boost or buck converter would be so heavily loaded in the high voltage range that irreparable damage could occur after a short time.
  • the DC voltage converter 15 shown there has a first DC voltage connection 1 with a positive 2 and a negative DC voltage terminal 3. Furthermore, a second DC voltage connection 4 with a positive DC voltage terminal 5 and a negative DC voltage terminal 6 is provided.
  • the DC voltage terminal 6 is at the same potential as the DC voltage terminal 3 of the first DC voltage terminal 1.
  • the shown DC-DC converter 15 further comprises a first partial converter 8 and a second partial converter 11, which are connected in series with one another and form an inverter series circuit 16, the first Partial converter 8 on the DC side
  • Inductors 10 with the positive DC terminal 2 of the first DC voltage terminal 1 and the positive DC terminal 5 of the second DC voltage terminal 4 is connected.
  • the second partial converter 11 is also connected on the DC voltage side via inductors 10 to the positive DC voltage terminal 5 of the second DC voltage connection 4 and to the negative DC voltage terminal 3 of the first DC voltage connection 1.
  • Inverter series circuit 16 extends between the DC voltage terminals 2, 3 of the first DC voltage connection 1. Between the DC voltage terminals 5, 6 of the second DC voltage connection 4, the second partial converter 11 extends with its phase modules 7.
  • the first DC voltage connection 1 is used to connect a first DC voltage network with the nominal DC voltage UD C I ⁇
  • the second DC voltage connection is used to connect a second DC voltage network with the rated voltage U D c2 ⁇
  • the transmission ratio ü of the DC-DC converter 15 is thus equal to 3.
  • the voltage U D c2 of the second DC voltage network drops at the second partial converter 11.
  • the positive DC voltage terminal 5 of the second DC voltage terminal 4 is located at the DC voltage potential point between the first partial converter 8 and the second partial converter 11.
  • the topology of the first subcircuit 8 may substantially correspond to the topology of the second subcircuit 11.
  • the structure of the partial converter can be different.
  • the AC voltage terminal 12 of the first partial converter 8 is galvanically connected to a primary winding 18 of a three-phase transformer 14 as power exchange means.
  • the AC voltage terminal 12 of the second subcircuit 11 is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer. Due to the inductive coupling of the transformers' windings gate is a power exchange between the first part of converter 8 and the second partial converter 11 allows.
  • the partial converters 8, 11 are controlled in such a way that a power flow from that at the first partial converter 8 to the second partial converter 11 is established, which then introduces the power into the DC voltage connection present at the second DC voltage connection 4.
  • Such a DC voltage converter shown in FIG. 2, has a relation to that shown in FIG.
  • the DC voltage converter shown in FIG. 2 is not suitable for connecting high-voltage direct-current networks which have different symmetries relative to one another, or if a potential separation is desired. Such different symmetries meet, however, when, for example, a so-called symmetrical high-voltage direct current network is to be connected to an asymmetrical bipolar high-voltage direct current network transmission network.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a DC-DC converter which is inexpensive and at the same time enables the connection of high-voltage direct current networks which may have a mutually different symmetry.
  • the invention solves this problem by a DC voltage converter
  • a converter series circuit formed from series-connected partial converters, which is arranged between a positive and a negative terminal of a first DC voltage connection
  • Inverter series connection as positive pole sub-converter between a middle terminal and the positive terminal of the first DC terminal are arranged in series and the positive-pole sub-inverters are connected to one another via positive pole power exchange means, so that the exchange of electrical power between the positive pole sub-inverters is made possible,
  • Partial converters forms a positive connection terminal of a second DC voltage connection
  • Inverter series connection as negative pole partial converter between the center terminal and the negative terminal of the first DC voltage terminal are arranged in series and
  • the negative pole sub-inverters are connected to each other via negative pole power exchange means, so that the exchange of electric power between the
  • additional power exchange means are provided, which are so connected to the positive pole sub-inverters and the negative pole - partial converters, that a power exchange between the positive pole Supplementrichtern and the negative pole partial converters via the additional power exchange means is made possible.
  • a DC-DC converter is provided with which two high-voltage direct-current networks can be connected to each other, which have both different nominal DC voltages and different symmetries.
  • the DC-DC converter according to the invention is equipped with two DC voltage terminals, each forming two terminals. Between the connection terminals of the first DC voltage connection, which is designed for the larger DC voltage, extends one
  • Inverter series circuit which has connected in series with each other partial converter.
  • the partial converters can be subdivided into plus-pole sub-inverters and minus-pole sub-inverters, where the positive pole sub-inverters are in turn connected in series with the negative-pole sub-inverters.
  • the potential point between the positive pole sub-inverters and the negative-pole sub-inverters forms a center terminal, with the positive-pole sub-inverters extending between the positive terminal of the first DC terminal and the center terminal.
  • the positive pole sub-inverters are connected in series between the center terminal and the positive terminal of the first DC voltage terminal.
  • the positive pole partial inverters are connected to each other via positive pole power exchange means so that they can exchange power with one another.
  • a potential point between direct voltage side connected plus pole sub-inverters forms a positive terminal of the second DC voltage connection.
  • negative pole sub-inverters are provided, which are also connected in series, this series circuit being arranged between the middle terminal and the negative terminal of the first DC terminal.
  • Negative-pole power exchange means allow the exchange of power between the series-connected negative-pole sub-inverters.
  • a potential point between minus-pole partial converters connected directly to one another forms a negative terminal of the second DC-voltage connection, at which, for example, a lower voltage drops compared with the first DC-voltage connection.
  • additional power exchange means are provided in the context of the invention, with the aid of which a power exchange between the positive pole sub-inverters and the negative-pole sub-inverters is made possible. In this way, an arbitrary power flow can be brought about among the partial converters, so that DC voltage networks of different rated voltage and symmetry can be connected to one another.
  • each partial converter has at least two phase modules connected in parallel, each of them as
  • phase modules of the plus-pole sub-inverters and the phase modules of the minus-pole subconverters are each designed as three-pole.
  • the phase modules of a partial converter are identical.
  • all partial converters are essentially of the same design. In other words, they have the same topology.
  • the positive-pole power exchange means and the negative-pole power exchange means each have a transformer which connects two AC voltage terminals of different partial converters with each other.
  • a positive pole transformer inductively couples the AC voltage terminals of the positive pole subconductors so that the power exchange between the two positive pole subcircuits takes place on the alternating voltage side via the positive pole transformer.
  • a negative pole transformer is provided, which inductively couples the AC terminals of the negative pole sub-inverters. In this way, the power exchanged between the positive and negative pole partial converters flows through the positive pole transformer or via the negative pole transformer.
  • each phase module has a series circuit of two-pole submodules.
  • the submodules have, for example, a simple power semiconductor switch in the form of an IGBT, IGCTs, GTOs or the like, to which a free-wheeling diode ode is connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • each submodule is a reverse-conducting power semiconductor switch.
  • each submodule consists exclusively of a backward conductive power semiconductor switch.
  • the number of submodules connected in series is adapted to the respective voltages to be picked up, which drop off at the first and second DC voltage terminals.
  • each submodule is equipped with an energy store and a power semiconductor circuit, wherein a half or full bridge circuit is formed.
  • all or some submodules of a phase module can be designed as a double module.
  • the power semiconductor circuit comprises a plurality of power semiconductor switches interconnected with each other. If required, the power semiconductor circuit also comprises freewheeling and / or clamping diodes.
  • Such a partial converter is also referred to as a modular multi-stage converter, wherein the power semiconductor circuit as part of a half-bridge circuit is a series circuit of two power semiconductor switches, each of which a freewheeling diode is connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • one terminal of the two-pole submodule is connected to the potential point between the power semiconductor switches of the series circuit, the other terminal of the submodule being connected in low inductance to one pole of the energy store.
  • two series circuits each consisting of two power semiconductor switches each having a reverse freewheeling diode are connected in parallel with the energy store.
  • One of the connection terminals is connected to the potential point between the power semiconductor switches of the first series circuit and the second connection terminal of the submodule to the potential point between the power semiconductor circuit connected to the second series circuit.
  • a power semiconductor switch of course, several series-connected power semiconductor switches can be used, which are controlled simultaneously. The synchronously actuated power semiconductor switches then behave like a single power semiconductor switch.
  • each partial converter has two phase modules. According to this advantageous development, the partial converter are designed particularly cost.
  • the additional power exchange means inductively couple the plus pole power exchange means and the minus pole power exchange means.
  • the positive pole power exchange means prefferably have a positive pole transformer and the negative pole power exchange means to have a negative pole transformer.
  • the auxiliary power exchange means comprise, for example, a tertiary winding arranged in the positive pole transformer and a further tertiary winding arranged in the negative pole transformer. In this way, a particularly simple and therefore cost-effective power coupling is provided within the scope of the invention.
  • Transducers with three windings wound on a common transformer core are well known in the art, so their detailed design need not be discussed in detail here.
  • the additional power exchange means may inductively couple the AC voltage connection of one of the positive-pole partial converter with the AC voltage connection of one of the negative-pole partial converter.
  • the additional power exchange means comprise, for example, an additional transformer, one of the windings of the additional transformer being connected to the AC voltage connection of one of the positive pole partial converters and the second winding of the additional transformer. is connected to an AC voltage terminal of the negative pole - partial converter.
  • the additional power exchange means are equipped with a mains connection for connecting an AC power supply network.
  • This power connection is, for example, a tertiary winding, which is part of an additional transformer.
  • the additional power exchange means include a tertiary winding of a positive pole transformer and a
  • the mains connection is realized as a connecting line, which is galvanically connected to a connecting line with which the
  • FIG. 2 an already registered, but unpublished DC-DC converter
  • FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the DC-DC converter according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the DC-DC converter according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a phase module of a partial converter of a
  • FIG. 9 shows the DC-DC converter according to FIG.
  • FIG. 10 shows the DC-DC converter according to FIG.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the DC-DC converter 20 according to the invention, which consists of a series circuit of four sub-inverters 21, 22, 23 and 24, so that an inverter series circuit 25 is provided, between a positive terminal 2 and a negative terminal 3 of a first DC voltage terminal 1 is switched.
  • a center connection terminal 26 can be recognized, which is connected to the ground potential.
  • the partial converters 21 and 22 are arranged between the positive connection terminal 2 of the first DC voltage connection 1 and the middle connection terminal 26 and are referred to below as positive pole partial converters 21 and 22.
  • the potential point between the positive pole sub-inverters 21 and 22 forms a positive terminal 5 of a second DC voltage terminal 4.
  • the partial converters 23 and 24 are arranged, which are referred to below as minus pole sub-inverters 23 and 24.
  • the positive pole sub-inverters 21 and 22 are between the positive terminal 2 of the first DC terminal 1 and the middle terminal 26 while the negative pole sub-inverters 23 and 24 are arranged between the center terminal 26 and the negative terminal 3 of the first DC terminal 1.
  • the potential point between the negative pole partial converters 23 and 24 forms the negative terminal of the second DC voltage terminal 4.
  • Each of the partial converters 21, 22, 23 and 24 has two phase modules connected in parallel, each of which is designed as a triple pole and has, in addition to two DC voltage connection terminals, an AC voltage terminal.
  • the AC voltage connection terminals of the phase modules of a partial converter 21, 22, 23 or 24 together form an AC voltage connection 27, 28, 29 or 30 of the respective partial converter 21, 22, 23 or 24.
  • Each DC terminal of a phase module is connected to one of the DC terminals of the parallel phase module.
  • the AC voltage terminal 27 of the first positive pole partial converter 21 is inductively coupled to the AC voltage terminal 29 of the second positive pole subconductor 22.
  • a positive pole transformer 31 serves as a positive pole power exchange means, which has a primary winding 32 and a secondary winding 22.
  • the primary winding 32 is galvanically connected to the AC voltage terminal 27 of the first positive pole - partial converter 21 and the secondary winding 33 to the AC voltage terminal 29 of the second positive pole - subconductor 22.
  • the positive pole transformer 31 further has a tertiary winding 34, which will be discussed in more detail later.
  • a negative pole transformer 35 is recognizable as a negative pole power exchange means inductively coupled in the same way the AC terminal 29 of the first negative pole - partial converter 23 inductively with the AC voltage terminal 30 of the second negative pole -Teilumrichters 24.
  • the positive-pole power exchange means 31 or the negative-pole power exchange means 35 it is possible to exchange power among the plus-pole or minus-pole subconverters.
  • the power flow is through the control of the power semiconductor switches of the respective
  • Partial converters 21, 22, 23 and 24 adjustable. This purpose is served by a suitable control, which depends on the respective topology of the partial converters 21, 22, 23 and 24. With the aid of the controller, the AC voltages and currents can be set at the AC voltage connections of the partial converter. However, such control units are known to those skilled in the art, so that need not be discussed in more detail here at this point.
  • the negative pole transformer 35 also has, in addition to the inductively coupled windings 32 and 33, a tertiary winding 34 which is galvanically connected to the tertiary winding 34 of the positive pole transformer 31 by means of a connecting line 36.
  • the tertiary windings 34 of the positive-pole transformer 31 and the negative-pole transformer 35 form, together with their two-phase connecting line 36, so-called additional power exchange means 37, via which a power exchange between the positive pole power exchange means 31 and the negative pole power exchange means 35 is made possible , Because of this additional power coupling, it is possible to use the DC-DC converter 20 for connecting high-voltage direct-current networks, which not only have different rated voltages but also a different transmission topology. This feature will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the tertiary windings 34 and their connecting line 36 form additional power exchange means 37.
  • the additional power exchange means 37 have in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 via a network connection 38, which can be used as a connection for a supply network.
  • the power connector 38 is here two-phase connecting line, which is connected to the respective phase of the connecting line 36.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the DC-DC converter according to the invention, which differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 only in the design of the additional power exchange means 37.
  • the DC-DC converter 20 shown in FIG. 4 has an additional transformer 39 which has a primary winding 40 and a secondary winding 41, which are inductively coupled to one another.
  • the primary winding 40 is connected to the AC voltage terminal 27 of the first positive pole -Teilumrichters 21.
  • the secondary winding 41 of the auxiliary transformer 39 is connected to the AC voltage terminal 29 of the first negative pole -
  • Subconverter 23 connected. About the additional transformer 39, the power exchange between one of the positive pole partial converter 21 and one of the negative pole sub-converter 23 is made possible. Since the positive pole partial converters 21 and 22 and the negative pole partial converters 23 and 24 are coupled to each other via the positive pole power exchange means or negative pole power exchange means, also in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, any power flow between the partial inverters 21, 22, 23 and 24 and thus the connection of different high-voltage direct current networks allows.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a phase module of one of the partial converters 22, 23, 24 and 25. It can be seen that each phase module 7 has a first DC voltage terminal 42 and a second DC voltage terminal 43. In addition, a change-voltage connection terminal 44 can be seen, wherein between each DC voltage terminal 42 and 43 and the AC voltage terminal 44 each one
  • each phase module 7 has two inverter arms 9 connected in series with each other, the potential point between the Inverter 9 forms the AC terminal 44. It should be noted at this point that each phase module 7 can additionally also have inductances for limiting a circulating current flowing through the phase modules 7.
  • phase modules 7 each have a series arrangement of two-pole submodules 46, which are designed differently from one another in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. Examples of such submodules 46 are shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8.
  • the phase modules 7 can consist of identical submodules, but also of different submodules, as indicated in FIG.
  • the illustrated in Figure 6 submodule 46 is a so-called half-bridge circuit. It can be seen that this submodule 46 has an energy store 47 in the form of a unipolar capacitor 47.
  • the capacitor 47 is a series circuit 48 of two power semiconductor switches 49, here IGBTs, connected in parallel, each IGBT 49 turn a freewheeling diode 50 is connected in parallel opposite directions.
  • a first submodule connection terminal 51 of the submodule 46 is connected to one pole of the capacitor 47, whereas a second submodule connection terminal 52 is connected to the potential point between the IGBTs 49.
  • the voltage U m dropping across the capacitor 47 or else a zero voltage can thus be generated.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a submodule 46, which likewise has an energy store 47 in the form of a capacitor, on which a unipolar voltage U m drops.
  • a first series circuit 48 of two IGBTs 49 is provided, each IGBT 49 again a freewheeling diode 50 is connected in parallel opposite directions.
  • a second series circuit 53 is also provided. see, which is also connected in parallel to the capacitor 47.
  • the second series circuit 53 also has two series-connected IGBTs 49, to each of which a freewheeling diode 50 is connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • the first submodule terminal 51 is connected to the potential point between the
  • Capacitor voltage -U m be generated.
  • the current flow between the connection terminals 51 and 52 can be selectively controlled in both directions.
  • a counterpotential can be built up which can be used to suppress the short circuit current.
  • Half-bridge circuit is realized, with a corresponding polarity, a current from the submodule connection terminal 51 via the lower freewheeling diode 50 in the submodule connection terminal 52 flow without this can be actively interrupted. A short-circuit current in this direction can therefore not be influenced.
  • the half-bridge circuit has the advantage that it requires only two IGBTs and two free-wheeling diodes for their construction and thus can be produced considerably less expensively than the full-bridge circuit according to FIG. 7. Moreover, the losses of the half-bridge circuit are lower.
  • the double module circuit 46 is described in detail in WO 2011/067120 and consists of two identical subunits 54 and 55, their topology that of a half-bridge circuit is ajar.
  • the subunits 54 and 55 each comprise an energy store 47 in the form of a capacitor and a series circuit 48 of two IGBTs 49, each with an antiparallel freewheeling diode 50.
  • reverse-conducting power semiconductors come into consideration.
  • a first submodule connection terminal 51 is connected to the potential point between the IGBTs 49 of the first subunit 54, whereas the second submodule connection terminal 52 is connected to the potential point between the IGBTs 49 of the second subunit 55.
  • the two subunits 54 and 55 are connected to each other via connecting means 56, wherein the connecting means 56 have potential separation diodes 57 and a further IGBT 49 in a central branch 58, which connects the cathode of the lower Potenti altrennungsdiode 57 with the anode of the upper potential separation diode 57.
  • This submodule 46 can generate at its submodule connection terminals 51, 52 the same voltages as two series-connected half-bridge circuits 46 according to FIG. 6, but the connection means 56 ensure that a counterpotential can be established for short-circuit currents in both directions. Thus, short-circuit currents, which want to flow in both directions via the connection terminals 51 and 52, can be purposefully reduced or even suppressed.
  • the voltage dropping between the respective DC voltage connection 42, 43 and the respective AC voltage connection 44 can thus be varied stepwise.
  • an AC voltage can be set at the AC voltage terminal 44 of each partial converter 21, 22, 23, 24.
  • FIG. 9 shows the DC-DC converter according to FIG. 3, wherein the first DC voltage connection 1 is connected to a two-pole high-voltage direct current network 59.
  • the high-voltage direct current network 59 has a positive pole line 60, which is connected to a terminal of the DC voltage connection of a twelve-pulse converter 61.
  • the second clamp of the DC voltage connection of the twelve-pulse converter 61 is connected to a negative pole line 62, which in turn is connected to the negative terminal 3 of the first DC voltage connection 1 of the DC-DC converter 20.
  • the twelve-pulse converter 61 has, in a manner known per se, two six-pulse inverters 63 and 64 connected in series, the connection point between the six-pulse converters 63 and 64 being connected to the earth potential. This ground terminal is connected to the center terminal 20 of the DC-DC converter 20 via a ground connection line 64.
  • Each of the six-pulse inverters 63 and 64 further has an AC voltage terminal 65 connected to a winding of a three-winding transformer 66.
  • the transformer 66 is connected via its primary winding with an alternating voltage network, not shown. Due to the different interconnection (triangle, star) of the remaining windings of the transformer, a phase offset is provided, so that the desired twelve-uls circuit is possible.
  • the two-pole high-voltage direct current network has the advantage that the power transmission can be continued even if one pole fails, that is to say, for example, if the converter 65 fails, with the ground connection line 65 replacing the pole line 62.
  • the pole lines 60 and 62 can therefore be charged to different degrees, with equalizing currents flowing through the earth connection line 65.
  • the second DC voltage connection 4 of the DC voltage converter 20, on the other hand, is connected to a so-called symmetrical high-voltage direct current network, that is to say to a second high-voltage direct current network 68, which has a positive current
  • Gleichthesespol admirably 69 and a DC negative voltage coil 70 has.
  • the two DC voltage lines 68 and 69 are each connected to the DC voltage connection of a single-pole converter 71, which consists for example of three phase modules 7 according to FIG. 5, which are connected to form a Graetz bridge.
  • the conversion judge 71 therefore has an AC voltage terminal 72, to which, for example, an AC network of a wind farm is connected.
  • the Gleichthesespoltechnischen 69 and 70 are always equally burdened here.
  • the power transmission takes place symmetrically. With the aid of the DC-DC converter 20, a power flow between the inverters 61 and 71 can be maintained even if one pole fails.
  • FIG. 10 shows the use of the DC-DC converter 20 for connecting two two-pole inverters 61. In this case, both ground connection lines 65 are connected to the grounded center connection terminal 26 of the DC-DC converter.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un transducteur à tension continue (20) destiné à connecter des réseaux à courant continu haute tension (59, 67). Le transducteur à tension continue (20) comporte des convertisseurs partiels (21, 22, 23, 24) montés en série. A l'aide de moyens d'échange de puissance (31, 35) et de moyens d'échange de puissance supplémentaires (37), les réseaux à courant continu haute tension pouvant être connectés au transducteur à tension continue (20) peuvent présenter des symétries de transmission différentes. L'invention permet ainsi de connecter un monopôle symétrique à un réseau bipolaire asymétrique.
EP13741988.3A 2013-07-15 2013-07-15 Convertisseur cc/cc modulair multi-niveaux pour les applications haute tension Active EP3005543B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/064928 WO2015007302A1 (fr) 2013-07-15 2013-07-15 Transducteur dc/dc multi-niveaux modulaire pour applications hvdc

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EP3005543A1 true EP3005543A1 (fr) 2016-04-13
EP3005543B1 EP3005543B1 (fr) 2020-03-25

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EP (1) EP3005543B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101819399B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105379090B (fr)
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ES2792107T3 (es) 2020-11-10
WO2015007302A1 (fr) 2015-01-22
CN105379090A (zh) 2016-03-02
KR101819399B1 (ko) 2018-01-16
KR20160032199A (ko) 2016-03-23
US9705406B2 (en) 2017-07-11
US20160141963A1 (en) 2016-05-19
EP3005543B1 (fr) 2020-03-25
CN105379090B (zh) 2018-12-21

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