WO2016086889A1 - 异构融合网络资源分配方法和系统 - Google Patents

异构融合网络资源分配方法和系统 Download PDF

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WO2016086889A1
WO2016086889A1 PCT/CN2015/096356 CN2015096356W WO2016086889A1 WO 2016086889 A1 WO2016086889 A1 WO 2016086889A1 CN 2015096356 W CN2015096356 W CN 2015096356W WO 2016086889 A1 WO2016086889 A1 WO 2016086889A1
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network
user
visible light
resource
power
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PCT/CN2015/096356
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English (en)
French (fr)
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田辉
张平
李露
范博
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北京邮电大学
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/346—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading distributing total power among users or channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/51—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation method and a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation system.
  • Visible light communication is an emerging wireless communication technology developed on the basis of white light emitting diode (LED) technology. It combines lighting and communication organically, and has rich spectrum resources, low energy consumption, low radiation, and high confidentiality compared with traditional wireless access technologies.
  • LED white light emitting diode
  • the visible light channel is greatly affected by the path loss and shadow effect, which makes its coverage limited.
  • the independent optical signal is difficult to meet the mobile user access requirements. Therefore, the visible light communication and the existing wireless access technology are organically integrated and complementary.
  • the construction of visible light heterogeneous fusion network has become one of the key technologies of visible light communication.
  • heterogeneous resources are derived from different access networks, and each access network has different network capabilities in terms of system capacity, coverage, data rate, and mobility support.
  • Different resource granularity and allocation mechanisms in order to achieve resource sharing, will systematically allocate and manage each network resource across systems; from a vertical perspective, heterogeneous resources are derived from different attribute domains, such as visible light with low cost. Natural green, low electromagnetic radiation, etc., infrared light has the characteristics of low power and strong security.
  • the performance of the visible light heterogeneous wireless network can be improved based on the management mode of the IEEE802.l5.7 MAC layer.
  • the core idea of its joint radio resource management algorithm is to add a centralized joint control entity on top of different radio access network architectures.
  • the joint management entity is independent of various radio access technologies and is the implementation point of resource management.
  • the system performs joint call admission control, resource scheduling and load control on the heterogeneous wireless network, thereby realizing the optimal utilization of the entire network resource.
  • the improvement of network performance is mainly in optimizing the spectrum utilization efficiency of heterogeneous wireless networks, reducing service processing delay, improving system throughput and reducing processing complexity.
  • heterogeneous wireless network systems can be used for various hybrid services. Types are adaptively scheduled.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to properly allocate frequency resources and power resources to users in an environment where a visible light network and an LTE network are integrated, and improve the experience of users accessing the network in the environment.
  • the present application proposes a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation method, which is applied to a heterogeneous converged network access point, including: S1, determining whether the visible light network and the LTE network simultaneously cover the target environment, whether the visible light network is If the user is in the available state, the user in the target environment is connected to the visible light network, and the process proceeds to step S2. If not, the user in the target environment is connected to the LTE network, and enters.
  • Step S3; S2, the frequency resource of the visible light network is allocated to the user by the extremum method, and the power resource of the visible light network is allocated to the user according to the attribute information of the visible light network channel; S3, the frequency of the LTE network is allocated to the user according to the bandwidth requirement of the user. Resources, allocate power resources for LTE networks to users by improving water injection.
  • the method further includes: S4, adjusting the access network of the user by using an exhaustive search method, repeating the step S2 and/or the step S3, reallocating the frequency resource and the power resource for the user; S5, repeating step S4 until the target The swallowing metric of the environment is no longer improved.
  • the improved water injection method comprises: calculating a power resource average according to a total number of users accessing the LTE network and a power resource of the LTE network, and allocating power resources of the LTE network to the user by using a water injection method, for allocating power resources User with zero is assigned the resource power mean, iterating Until no user's power resources are zero.
  • the method further includes: S0, arranging the users in descending order according to the bandwidth requirement of the user.
  • the step S1 further includes: when the visible light network is available, accessing the visible light network to a user whose bandwidth requirement is greater than a preset value in the target environment, and accessing the LTE network by other users.
  • the present application also provides a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation system, which is applied to a heterogeneous converged network access point, and includes: a judging unit, configured to determine whether the visible light network and the LTE network simultaneously cover the target environment, whether the visible light network is An access unit is configured to access a user in the target environment to the visible light network when the visible light network is in an available state, and when the visible light network is in an unavailable state, the target is The user in the environment accesses the LTE network; the resource allocation unit allocates the frequency resource of the visible light network to the user by using the extreme value method, allocates the power resource of the visible light network to the user according to the attribute information of the visible light network channel, and/or according to The bandwidth requirement of the user allocates the frequency resource of the LTE network to the user, and allocates the power resource of the LTE network to the user by improving the water injection method.
  • a judging unit configured to determine whether the visible light network and the LTE network simultaneously cover the target environment, whether the visible light network
  • the method further includes: an adjusting unit, configured to adjust an access network of the user by using an exhaustive search method, where the resource allocation unit is further configured to redistribute the user in the process of adjusting the access network of the user by the adjusting unit Frequency resources and power resources until the swallowing metric of the target environment is no longer increased.
  • an adjusting unit configured to adjust an access network of the user by using an exhaustive search method
  • the resource allocation unit is further configured to redistribute the user in the process of adjusting the access network of the user by the adjusting unit Frequency resources and power resources until the swallowing metric of the target environment is no longer increased.
  • the resource allocation unit is configured to calculate a power resource average according to the number of users accessing the LTE network and the sum of power resources of the LTE network, and allocate power resources of the LTE network to the user by using a water injection method to allocate power resources.
  • the user of zero allocates the resource power mean, iterating until no user's power resources are zero.
  • the method further includes: a sorting unit, configured to sort the users in descending order according to the bandwidth requirement of the user.
  • the access unit is further configured to: when the visible light network is available, access a user whose bandwidth requirement is greater than a preset value in the target environment to the visible light network, and access other users to the LTE network.
  • the access network can be selected for the user according to the user request and the network condition; secondly, the frequency resource is allocated to the user according to the user service request, and the power resource is allocated to the user by using the improved water injection method; and again, whether the user access network is detected Optimal (ie, throughput is no longer increasing), If not, the user is re-selected the access network; finally, the extreme value method is used to allocate frequency resources to the user, and the improved water injection method is used to allocate power resources to the user.
  • the improved water injection method not only allocates resources to users by channel conditions, but also enables each user to have a better experience and improve the fairness of users. And by comprehensively considering the resource allocation of the visible light network and the LTE network, it is possible to classify the power resources and the frequency resources more reasonably for the users in the environment covered by the heterogeneous converged network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart showing a method for allocating a heterogeneous converged network resource according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing throughput of a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation method includes: S1, determining whether a visible light network is in an available state in a target environment covered by a visible light network and an LTE network, and if available, The user in the target environment accesses the visible light network, and proceeds to step S2.
  • step S3 the frequency resource of the visible light network is allocated to the user by the extremum method, and the power resource of the visible light network is allocated to the user according to the attribute information of the visible light network channel; S3, the frequency resource of the LTE network is allocated to the user according to the bandwidth requirement of the user, and the water injection is improved by The method allocates power resources of the LTE network to the user.
  • This application is an improvement based on the idea of Joint Radio Resource Management (JRRM).
  • JRRM Joint Radio Resource Management
  • the advantage is that the load balancing mechanism can be used to improve the average resource utilization of the heterogeneous network system. Through unified management and comprehensive consideration, the most suitable radio bearer is selected for different types of services, thereby enhancing the service quality management capability of the network. In the heterogeneous wireless network convergence system, whether for real-time services or non-real-time services, this solution can significantly improve system resource utilization efficiency.
  • the overall capacity of the visible light heterogeneous wireless network can be improved, and in the case of the same number of cell coverage, the resource management mode of the present application is adopted, and the visible light heterogeneous wireless network is used without increasing network resources.
  • the number of users who can provide services has increased significantly.
  • it can improve the service quality of visible light heterogeneous networks.
  • heterogeneous wireless network systems can significantly reduce traffic congestion by performing load balancing on the selection of multiple access networks during call control and handover. Rate and dropped call rate; for non-real-time services, splitting through network selection can achieve the effect of reducing service delay and increasing the average throughput of the system.
  • the target environment is visible light and LTE heterogeneous converged network.
  • a network visible light
  • LTE b network
  • the a network that is, the visible virtual local area network VLAN has three access points, each access point enjoys 10 MHz bandwidth resources, and has a total bandwidth of 30 MHz; the b network, that is, the LTE network has one access point, and enjoys 3 MHz bandwidth.
  • the LTE network is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system, and the VLAN is also an OFDM system.
  • each frequency resource block is allocated to at most one user.
  • Indicates the transmit power of the downlink of user i in network a Indicates the channel gain of user i on the downlink channel in the a network.
  • N 0 is the b network downlink channel noise power spectral density.
  • B a represents the total bandwidth limit of network a and P bmax represents the total power limit of network b within the office.
  • visible light Since visible light has the advantages of faster data transmission rate, rich bandwidth resources, and no harm to the human body compared with LTE, it preferentially allocates visible light network resources for users in the office. When the visible light network resources are available, the user is preferentially connected to the three access points of the visible light network. It is assumed that the power p i in the visible light network is evenly distributed. In LTE, the carrier power can be adjusted.
  • the direct path loss for visible light can be derived from the following equation.
  • m is the radiation mode of the light source
  • A is the receiving area of the photodetector
  • d is the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • ⁇ is the angle of emission
  • g( ⁇ ) is the optical concentrator gain
  • ⁇ c is the receiver viewing angle, ie FOV, when the incident angle is less than FOV, the receiver can receive the LED power, otherwise the receiver can not receive the light energy .
  • the frequency (or bandwidth) resource is determined. That is, the frequency resource is first allocated to the user, and then the power resource is allocated to the user.
  • each user can have a better experience and improve the user's Fairness.
  • the resource allocation of the optical network and the LTE network can allocate power resources and frequency resources more rationally for users in the environment covered by the heterogeneous converged network.
  • the system frequency and power resources are jointly allocated by maximizing the total system throughput as the optimization goal while satisfying the system bandwidth constraint and the total power limit.
  • the exhaustive search iteration method is used to select the access network and the optimal bandwidth and power resources for the user, and the resource allocation is simplified into two sub-allocation problems: 1) Using the concaveness of the problem, the frequency resource is allocated to the user by the extreme value method. 2) Considering the user's QoS (Quality of Service) requirements and channel utilization, taking into account the fairness between users, an improved water injection power allocation algorithm is proposed. This application studies the IP layer-based resource management method for visible light heterogeneous networks, which can improve system throughput and improve system fairness.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the method further includes: S4, adjusting an access network of the user by using an exhaustive search method, Step S2 and/or step S3 are repeated to re-allocate the frequency resource and the power resource for the user; S5, step S4 is repeated until the swallowing metric of the target environment is no longer increased.
  • the access network By adjusting the access network, it is possible to detect whether the user access network is optimal (that is, whether the throughput is no longer improved), and if not, re-select the access network for the user, thereby adjusting the access network to an optimal state to ensure The access network has the best throughput.
  • the improved water injection method comprises: calculating a power resource average according to the total number of users accessing the LTE network and the power resources of the LTE network, allocating the power resources of the LTE network to the user by the water injection method, and allocating resources for the users allocating the power resources to zero.
  • the power average iterated until no user's power resources are zero.
  • the method further includes: S0, arranging the users in descending order according to the bandwidth requirement of the user.
  • Sorting users before processing can facilitate user access based on bandwidth requirements during subsequent processing.
  • the step S1 further includes: when the visible light network is available, the user whose bandwidth requirement is greater than the preset value in the target environment is connected to the visible light network, and the other users are connected to the LTE network.
  • the present application further provides a heterogeneous converged network resource allocation system 10, including: a judging unit 11 configured to determine whether a visible light network is in an available state in a target environment covered by a visible light network and an LTE network;
  • the access unit 12 is configured to access a user in the target environment to the visible light network when the visible light network is in an available state, and access the user in the target environment to the LTE network when the visible light network is in an unavailable state;
  • the resource allocation unit 13 Allocating frequency resources of the visible light network to the user through the extremum method, and allocating visible light to the user according to the attribute information of the visible light network channel
  • the power resources of the network, and/or the frequency resources of the LTE network are allocated to the user according to the bandwidth requirement of the user, and the power resources of the LTE network are allocated to the user by the improved water injection method.
  • the method further includes: an adjusting unit 14 configured to adjust an access network of the user by using an exhaustive search method, where the resource allocation unit is further configured to: when the adjusting unit adjusts the access network of the user, reallocating frequency resources and Power resources, until the target environment's swallowing metrics no longer increase.
  • an adjusting unit 14 configured to adjust an access network of the user by using an exhaustive search method
  • the resource allocation unit is further configured to: when the adjusting unit adjusts the access network of the user, reallocating frequency resources and Power resources, until the target environment's swallowing metrics no longer increase.
  • the resource allocation unit 13 is configured to calculate a power resource average according to the total number of users accessing the LTE network and the power resources of the LTE network, and allocate power resources of the LTE network to the user by using a water injection method, and allocate the power to the user with zero power resources.
  • the resource power is averaged and iterated until no user's power resources are zero.
  • the method further includes: a sorting unit 15 configured to sort the users in descending order according to the bandwidth requirement of the user.
  • the access unit 12 is further configured to access a visible light network to a user whose bandwidth requirement is greater than a preset value in the target environment, and connect other users to the LTE network when the visible light network is available.
  • the performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by simulation experiments of system throughput.
  • the algorithm proposed in the present application and the prior art resource-free allocation method (NS, No strategy), water injection method (WFI, water-filling-iteration) and water injection extreme value method (WFE, water- Filling-extremum) performance comparison, as shown in the following table.
  • N resource-free allocation method
  • WFI water injection method
  • WFE water injection extreme value method
  • Table 1 shows the simulated cell channel model.
  • Table 2 shows the algorithm simulation parameter settings of the present application.
  • a throughput graph as shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained, wherein the WFIE curve is a throughput curve simulated according to the algorithm proposed by the present application, which can be seen as compared with The prior art resource-free allocation method (NS, No strategy), water-filling-iteration (WFI), and water-filling-extremum (WFE, water-filling-extremum), when there are many users (more than 60) ), with higher throughput, so as to better utilize the network resources in the environment.
  • the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm and architecture have strong adaptability to the user model, improve the system throughput and guarantee the user's service quality, and achieve the purpose of algorithm design.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种异构融合网络资源分配方法和系统，该方法包括：S1，判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，所述可见光网络是否处于可用状态，若可用，则将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述可见光网络，并进入步骤S2，若不可用，则将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述LTE网络，并进入步骤S3；S2，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据所述可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光网络的功率资源；S3，根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。通过本申请的技术方案，能够在异构融合网络覆盖的环境中，为用户更加合理地分类功率资源和频率资源。

Description

异构融合网络资源分配方法和系统
本申请要求于2014年12月04日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410728976.0、发明名称为“异构融合网络资源分配方法和系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种异构融合网络资源分配方法和一种异构融合网络资源分配系统。
背景技术
可见光通信是一种在白光发光二级管(light emitting diode,LED)技术之上发展起来的新兴无线通信技术。它将照明和通信有机结合起来,和传统无线接入技术相比，具有丰富的频谱资源、低能耗、低辐射、高保密性等特点。然而，可见光信道受到路损和阴影效应影响较大，使得其覆盖范围受限，独立的光信号难以满足移动用户接入需求，因此，将可见光通信与已有无线接入技术有机整合、优势互补，构建可见光异构融合网络成为可见光通信关键技术之一。
在可见光通信异构网络融合环境下，从横向分析，异构资源来源于不同接入网络，而各接入网络在系统容量、覆盖、数据速率和移动性支持方面具有不同的网络能力，同时具有不同的资源粒度划分及调配机制，为了实现资源共享，将会跨系统地对各网络资源进行统筹分配及管理；从纵向来看，异构资源来源于不同的属性域，如可见光具有低成本、自然绿色、低电磁辐射等特点，红外光具有低功率、安全性强等特点，为了实现异构融合，还需要协调好系统内部资源间的关系，实现资源的微观调整及优化。在多种短距离通信技术共存的环境下异构资源及其耦合关系表现出多域多维性，以及多用户、多业务、多网络的复杂环境带来的异构资源分配柔性适变的特性，为资源管理的研究带来了极大的挑战。因此，迫切需要研究全新的联合网络资源管理机制，用以支持动态调整接入权限、智能联合会话和异构多连接协同传输，最终实现经济高效地利用可见光通信异构网络的各种资源，扩展全网容 量和业务覆盖范围。
针对可见光的资源管理机制，可以基于IEEE802.l5.7MAC层的管理方式改善可见光异构无线网络性能。其联合无线资源管理算法的核心思想是在不同的无线接入网络架构之上增加一套集中式的联合控制实体，联合管理实体独立于各种无线接入技术，是资源管理的执行点,主要执行联合接纳控制、联合切换控制、联合资源分配以及联合时间调度。系统通过这个控制实体对异构无线网络进行联合的呼叫接纳控制、资源调度和负载控制，进而实现整个网络资源的优化利用。其网络性能的提高主要体现在最优化异构无线网络的频谱利用效率、降低业务处理时延、提高系统吞吐量并降低处理复杂度等方面，同时异构无线网络系统能够针对各种混合型业务类型进行自适应的调度。
发明内容
本申请所要解决的技术问题是，如何在融合可见光网络和LTE网络的环境中，为用户合理分配频率资源和功率资源，提高用户在环境中接入网络的体验。
为此目的，本申请提出了一种异构融合网络资源分配方法，应用于异构融合网络接入点，包括：S1，判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，所述可见光网络是否处于可用状态，若可用，则将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述可见光网络，并进入步骤S2，若不可用，则将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述LTE网络，并进入步骤S3；S2，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据所述可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光网络的功率资源；S3，根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。
优选地，还包括：S4，通过穷尽搜索法调整用户的接入网，重复所述步骤S2和/或步骤S3，为用户重新分配频率资源和功率资源；S5，重复步骤S4，直至所述目标环境的吞度量不再提高。
优选地，所述改进注水法包括：根据接入所述LTE网络的用户数量和所述LTE网络的功率资源总和计算功率资源均值，通过注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源，为分配功率资源为零的用户分配所述资源功率均值，迭代 直至没有用户的功率资源为零。
优选地，在所述步骤S1之前还包括：S0，根据用户的带宽需求将用户降序排列。
优选地，所述步骤S1还包括：在所述可见光网络可用时，将所述目标环境中带宽需求大于预设值的用户接入所述可见光网络，将其他用户接入所述LTE网络。
本申请还提出了一种异构融合网络资源分配系统，应用于异构融合网络接入点，包括：判断单元，用于判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，所述可见光网络是否处于可用状态；接入单元，用于在所述可见光网络处于可用状态时，将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述可见光网络，在所述可见光网络处于不可用状态时，将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述LTE网络；资源分配单元，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据所述可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光网络的功率资源，和/或根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。
优选地，还包括：调整单元，用于通过穷尽搜索法调整用户的接入网，其中，所述资源分配单元还用于在所述调整单元调整用户的接入网过程中，为用户重新分配频率资源和功率资源，直至所述目标环境的吞度量不再提高。
优选地，所述资源分配单元用于根据接入所述LTE网络的用户数量和所述LTE网络的功率资源总和计算功率资源均值，通过注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源，为分配功率资源为零的用户分配所述资源功率均值，迭代直至没有用户的功率资源为零。
优选地，还包括：排序单元，用于根据用户的带宽需求将用户降序排列。
优选地，所述接入单元还用于在所述可见光网络可用时，将所述目标环境中带宽需求大于预设值的用户接入所述可见光网络，将其他用户接入所述LTE网络。
通过上述技术方案，首先能够根据用户请求和网络状况为用户选择接入网；其次，根据用户业务请求为用户分配频率资源，用改进注水法为用户分配功率资源；再次，检测用户接入网络是否最优(即吞吐量是否不再提高)， 若不是，则为用户重新选择接入网；最后用极值法为用户分配频率资源，用改进注水法为用户分配功率资源。其中的改进注水法，不单只以信道条件来为用户分配资源，可以让每个用户都有更好的体验，提高用户的公平性。并且通过综合考虑可见光网络和LTE网络的资源分配情况，能够在异构融合网络覆盖的环境中，为用户更加合理地分类功率资源和频率资源。
附图说明
通过参考附图会更加清楚地理解本申请的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本申请进行任何限制，在附图中：
图1示出了根据本申请一个实施例的异构融合网络资源分配方法的示意流程图；
图2示出了根据本申请一个实施例的异构融合网络资源分配方法的具体示意流程图；
图3示出了根据本申请一个实施例的异构融合网络资源分配系统的示意框图；
图4示出了根据本申请一个实施例的异构融合网络资源分配系统的吞吐量示意图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请，但是，本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本申请的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
如图1所示，根据本申请一个实施例的异构融合网络资源分配方法，包括：S1，判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，可见光网络是否处于可用状态，若可用，则将目标环境中的用户接入可见光网络，并进入步骤S2，若不可用，则将目标环境中的用户接入LTE网络，并进入步骤S3； S2，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光网络的功率资源；S3，根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。
本申请是基于联合无线资源管理(JRRM)的思想进行的改进。其优点在于可以通过负载均衡机制来提高异构网络系统的平均资源利用率，通过统一管理，综合考虑，为不同种类业务选择最合适的无线承载，进而增强网络的服务质量管理能力。在异构无线网络融合系统中，无论是针对实时业务还是针对非实时业务，本方案都能显著提高系统资源利用效率。
根据本申请的技术方案，一方面可以提高可见光异构无线网络整体容量，在相同数量小区覆盖的情况下，采用本申请的资源管理方式，在不增加网络资源的前提下，可见光异构无线网络可提供服务的用户数量显著增加。另一方面可以改善可见光异构网络业务质量，对于实时业务而言，在呼叫控制和切换过程中，通过对多种接入网络的选择进行负载均衡，异构无线网络系统能够明显地降低业务阻塞率和掉话率；对于非实时业务而言，通过网络选择进行分流，能够达到降低业务时延、提高系统的平均吞吐量的效果。
具体场景示例如下：
目标环境为可见光和LTE异构融合网络，在占地面积为5×9m2的三层办公楼里，所有区域被a网络(可见光)和b网络(LTE)同时覆盖，异构网络接入点集合为M＝{1,2,3,4……M}，用户集合为N＝{1,2,3,4……N}。其中a网络即可见光虚拟局域网VLAN有三个接入点，每个接入点享有10MHz的带宽资源，共有30MHz带宽；b网络即LTE网络有一个接入点，享有3MHz带宽。LTE网络为正交频分复用OFDM系统，VLAN也为OFDM系统。LTE网络的子信道集合为L＝{1,2,3......L}，每个子信道带宽为B0。每个用户只能选择一个网络。
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000001
表示用户i选择a网络，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000002
则表示用户i选择b网络，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000003
为了避免造成小区内的同信道干扰，每个频率资源块最多只分配给一个用户。
在LTE网络中，每个子信道只能分配给一个用户，即si,l＝1表示用户i选择 b网中的第l个信道，si,l∈{0,1}。
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000004
表示用户i选择b网中l信道上的发送功率，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000005
表示用户i在a网中的带宽，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000006
表示用户i在b网中下行信道l上的信道增益。
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000007
表示用户i在网络a中下行链路的发射功率，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000008
表示用户i在a网中下行信道上的信道增益。
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000009
为a网络下行信道噪声功率谱密度，N0为b网络下行信道噪声功率谱密度。
那么，a网络中用户i的传输速率
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000010
b网中用户i的传输速率
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000011
于是可以得出系统总的吞吐量为
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000012
以系统吞吐量为目标函数，优化问题的数学模型如下
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000013
约束条件如下：
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000019
其中，Ba表示网络a的总带宽限制，Pbmax表示网络b在办公室范围内的总功率限制。
由于可见光相较之LTE具有数据传输速率快、带宽资源丰富、对人体无害等优点，因此，为办公室内的用户优先分配可见光网络资源。在可见光网络资源可用情况下，使用户优先接入可见光网络的三个接入点。假设可见光网络中的功率pi均匀分配。在LTE中，载波功率可调整。
因此，上述问题可分解为两个子问题。一是频率分配最大化吞吐量，相应的目标函数为：
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000020
约束条件为：
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000023
a网络为可见光，则
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000024
为可见光的直射路径损耗，可由下式得出。
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000025
其中，m是光源的辐射模式，A是光电探测器接收面积，d是发送端与接收端之间的距离，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000026
是入射角，φ是发射角，
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000027
是光滤波器增益，g(φ)是光聚能器增益，φc是接收器视角，即FOV，当入射角小于FOV时，接收器可以接收到LED功率，否则接收器无法接收到光能。m＝1,Ts(φ)＝1,g(φ)＝1,A＝1cm2。
二是功率分配最大化总吞吐量目标函数为：
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000028
约束条件为：
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2015096356-appb-000032
先分别求解其中一个子问题，在频率(或带宽)资源确定情况下，再求解另一变量的最优解。即先为用户分配频率资源，然后再为用户分配功率资源。
通过根据用户请求和网络状况为用户选择接入网，并根据用户业务请求为用户分配频率资源，用改进注水法为用户分配功率资源，可以让每个用户都有更好的体验，提高用户的公平性。并且通过综合考虑可将光网络和LTE网路的资源分配情况，能够在异构融合网络覆盖的环境中，为用户更加合理地分配功率资源和频率资源。
以最大化系统总吞吐量为优化目标，同时满足系统带宽约束以及总功率限制，对系统频率和功率资源进行联合分配。用穷尽搜索迭代法为用户选择接入网络以及最优带宽和功率资源，将资源分配简化为两个子分配问题：1)利用问题的凹性，用极值法为用户分配频率资源。2)考虑用户QoS(Quality of Service)需求和信道利用率，兼顾用户之间的公平，提出改进的注水功率分配算法。本申请研究了可见光异构网络基于IP层的资源管理方法，能提高系统吞吐量，并改善系统的公平性。
如图2所示，优选地，还包括：S4，通过穷尽搜索法调整用户的接入网， 重复步骤S2和/或步骤S3，为用户重新分配频率资源和功率资源；S5，重复步骤S4，直至目标环境的吞度量不再提高。
通过调整接入网，可以检测用户接入网络是否最优(即吞吐量是否不再提高)，若不是，则为用户重新选择接入网，从而将接入网络调整为最优状态，以保证接入网络吞吐量最佳。
优选地，改进注水法包括：根据接入LTE网络的用户数量和LTE网络的功率资源总和计算功率资源均值，通过注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源，为分配功率资源为零的用户分配资源功率均值，迭代直至没有用户的功率资源为零。
通过改进注水法，不单只以信道条件来为用户分配资源，可以让每个用户都分配到一定的功率资源，提高用户的公平性。
优选地，在步骤S1之前还包括：S0，根据用户的带宽需求将用户降序排列。
在处理前先对用户进行排序，可以便于后续处理过程中根据带宽需求来控制用户接入。
优选地，步骤S1还包括：在可见光网络可用时，将目标环境中带宽需求大于预设值的用户接入可见光网络，将其他用户接入LTE网络。
在可见光网络可用时，可以仅将带宽需求较大的部分用户接入可见光网络，将其他带宽需求较小的用户接入LTE网络，从而在充分利用可见光网络的同时，对LTE网络也能进行适当利用，为带宽需求较大的用户接入了能够低能耗、低辐射的可见光网络，而又不会对可见光网络造成过多负载压力。
如图3所示，本申请还提出了一种异构融合网络资源分配系统10，包括：判断单元11，用于判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，可见光网络是否处于可用状态；接入单元12，用于在可见光网络处于可用状态时，将目标环境中的用户接入可见光网络，在可见光网络处于不可用状态时，将目标环境中的用户接入LTE网络；资源分配单元13，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光 网络的功率资源，和/或根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。
优选地，还包括：调整单元14，用于通过穷尽搜索法调整用户的接入网，其中，资源分配单元还用于在调整单元调整用户的接入网过程中，为用户重新分配频率资源和功率资源，直至目标环境的吞度量不再提高。
优选地，资源分配单元13用于根据接入LTE网络的用户数量和LTE网络的功率资源总和计算功率资源均值，通过注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源，为分配功率资源为零的用户分配资源功率均值，迭代直至没有用户的功率资源为零。
优选地，还包括：排序单元15，用于根据用户的带宽需求将用户降序排列。
优选地，接入单元12还用于在可见光网络可用时，将目标环境中带宽需求大于预设值的用户接入可见光网络，将其他用户接入LTE网络。
以下通过系统吞吐量的仿真实验评价本申请所提出算法的性能。在仿真实验中，将本申请提出的算法与现有技术中的无资源分配方法(NS,No strategy)、注水迭代法(WFI,water-filling-iteration)和注水极值法(WFE,water-filling-extremum)进行性能比较，如下表所示。
小区类型 城市微蜂窝
小区半径 500m
阴影衰落 Log-normal with 10dB Std.Dev
路径损耗，d单位为km 148.53+38*log10(d)
表1
表1示出了模拟的小区信道模型。
参数 LTE 可见光
系统带宽 3MHz 30MHz
小区天线发射功率 45dBm 43dBm
热噪声功率密度 -174dBm/Hz -42.72dBm/Hz
表2
表2示出了本申请的算法仿真参数设置。
根据上述表1的模拟环境和表2的模拟参数，可以得到如图4所示的吞吐量曲线图，其中WFIE曲线即根据本申请所提出的算法模拟得到的吞吐量曲线，可见，其相对于现有技术中的无资源分配方法(NS,No strategy)、注水迭代法(WFI,water-filling-iteration)和注水极值法(WFE,water-filling-extremum)，在用户较多时(大于60)，具有更高的吞吐量，从而能够更好地利用环境中的网络资源。仿真结果表明，所提算法和架构对用户模型具有较强的适配性，提高系统吞吐量的同时保障了用户的服务质量，实现了算法设计的目的。
在本申请中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。术语“多个”指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种异构融合网络资源分配方法，其特征在于，应用于异构融合网络接入点，包括：
    S1，判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，所述可见光网络是否处于可用状态，若可用，则将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述可见光网络，并进入步骤S2，若不可用，则将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述LTE网络，并进入步骤S3；
    S2，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据所述可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光网络的功率资源；
    S3，根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的异构融合网络资源分配方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    S4，通过穷尽搜索法调整用户的接入网，重复所述步骤S2和/或步骤S3，为用户重新分配频率资源和功率资源；
    S5，重复步骤S4，直至所述目标环境的吞度量不再提高。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的异构融合网络资源分配方法，其特征在于，所述改进注水法包括：根据接入所述LTE网络的用户数量和所述LTE网络的功率资源总和计算功率资源均值，通过注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源，为分配功率资源为零的用户分配所述资源功率均值，迭代直至没有用户的功率资源为零。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的异构融合网络资源分配方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S1之前还包括：
    S0，根据用户的带宽需求将用户降序排列。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述异构融合网络资源分配方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1还包括：在所述可见光网络可用时，将所述目标环境中带宽需求大于预设值的用户接入所述可见光网络，将其他用户接入所述LTE网络。
  6. 一种异构融合网络资源分配系统，其特征在于，应用于异构融合网络 接入点，包括：
    判断单元，用于判断可见光网络和LTE网络同时覆盖的目标环境中，所述可见光网络是否处于可用状态；
    接入单元，用于在所述可见光网络处于可用状态时，将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述可见光网络，在所述可见光网络处于不可用状态时，将所述目标环境中的用户接入所述LTE网络；
    资源分配单元，通过极值法为用户分配可见光网络的频率资源，根据所述可见光网络信道的属性信息为用户分配可见光网络的功率资源，和/或根据用户的带宽需求为用户分配LTE网络的频率资源，通过改进注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的异构融合网络资源分配系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    调整单元，用于通过穷尽搜索法调整用户的接入网，其中，所述资源分配单元还用于在所述调整单元调整用户的接入网过程中，为用户重新分配频率资源和功率资源，直至所述目标环境的吞度量不再提高。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的异构融合网络资源分配系统，其特征在于，所述资源分配单元用于根据接入所述LTE网络的用户数量和所述LTE网络的功率资源总和计算功率资源均值，通过注水法为用户分配LTE网络的功率资源，为分配功率资源为零的用户分配所述资源功率均值，迭代直至没有用户的功率资源为零。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的异构融合网络资源分配系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    排序单元，用于根据用户的带宽需求将用户降序排列。
  10. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的异构融合网络资源分配系统，其特征在于，所述接入单元还用于在所述可见光网络可用时，将所述目标环境中带宽需求大于预设值的用户接入所述可见光网络，将其他用户接入所述LTE网络。
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