WO2016084363A1 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents
Seismic isolation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016084363A1 WO2016084363A1 PCT/JP2015/005831 JP2015005831W WO2016084363A1 WO 2016084363 A1 WO2016084363 A1 WO 2016084363A1 JP 2015005831 W JP2015005831 W JP 2015005831W WO 2016084363 A1 WO2016084363 A1 WO 2016084363A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- seismic isolation
- isolation device
- graphite
- laminated
- damping
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a seismic isolation device having an attenuation body.
- a seismic isolation device having a laminated elastic body in which an elastic layer and a rigid layer are alternately laminated and a lead plug filled in a cylindrical hollow portion defined by an inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body is disclosed in Patent Literature
- Patent Literature As known from 1 and 2, after supporting the load of the superstructure, transmission of ground vibration due to earthquakes etc. to the superstructure is prevented as much as possible by the laminated elastic body and transmitted to the superstructure It is installed between the ground and the superstructure so that the vibration is damped as quickly as possible by the lead plug.
- Such a lead plug used in a seismic isolation device preferably absorbs vibration energy, and even after plastic deformation, it easily recrystallizes due to the heat generated along with the vibration energy absorption and does not cause mechanical fatigue. It is extremely excellent as an energy absorber.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a seismic isolation device in which a plug manufactured from a composition in which a powder such as iron powder is blended with an elastomer composition is incorporated, but even with such a seismic isolation device, surface pressure dependency is also known. Is not taken into account.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the object of the present invention is to have each dependence on the seismic isolation effect, for example, stable strain dependence, temperature dependence and surface pressure dependence, and repeated excitation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation device that has a small energy change in yield load and that has stable energy absorption performance against repeated excitation in long-term earthquakes.
- the seismic isolation device of the present invention includes a laminated elastic body in which rigid layers and elastic layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar hollow portion defined by at least an inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body, preferably a cylindrical hollow.
- the seismic isolation device of the present invention also includes a laminated elastic body in which rigid layers and elastic layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar hollow portion defined by at least an inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body, preferably a cylindrical shape.
- a columnar hollow portion preferably a columnar body made of a plurality of attenuation bodies stacked in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow portion, preferably a columnar body, and arranged in the hollow portion, each attenuation body,
- a heat conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin are included.
- the damping body includes at least a thermal conductive filler that attenuates repeated shear deformation caused by added vibration by mutual friction, and at least repeated shear deformation caused by the added vibration. It contains graphite that is attenuated by friction with the thermally conductive filler, and a thermosetting resin that adheres to each other and cures at a high temperature to maintain the initial shape of the attenuation body. In the earthquake that acts, the thermosetting resin does not melt even if the temperature of the attenuation body increases due to energy absorption.
- the seismic isolation device of the present invention including the columnar body formed of a plurality of attenuation bodies arranged in the columnar hollow portion and stacked in the axial direction of the columnar hollow portion, the relative distance between the attenuation bodies is A preferable displacement followability of the column body can be obtained by the displacement and the shearing (deflection) deformation in each attenuation body.
- thermosetting resin is cured as a result of its shape retention being canceled by the shear deformation of the first earthquake attenuation body, while being crushed and granulated by the shear deformation after curing.
- subsequent earthquakes including after, the mutual friction between the thermosetting resin itself and the mutual friction between the thermal conductive filler and graphite contributes similarly to the attenuation of repeated shear deformation by the thermal conductive filler and graphite. It is like that.
- the thermally conductive filler also has a shape retention effect that holds the shape of the damping body and a heat dissipation effect that dissipates frictional heat generated in the damping body. It is possible to prevent the temperature rise of the column body due to loss of shape and earthquake.
- the thermally conductive filler is aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), silicon oxide (SiO 2 ).
- Metal oxides such as iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), nickel oxide (NiO) and copper oxide (CuO), boron nitride (BN), aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) Metal nitride, boron carbide (B 4 C), aluminum carbide (Al 4 C 3 ), metal carbide such as silicon carbide (SiC) and titanium carbide (TiC), and aluminum hydroxide [Al (OH) 3 ], hydroxylation Magnesium [Mg (OH) 2 ], sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH) 2 ] and zinc hydroxide [Zn (OH) 2 ] including one or more kinds of metal hydroxide particles such as magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide. Further, it is more preferable as a heat conductive filler from the viewpoint of dispers
- the thermally conductive filler preferably has an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and in particular, particles having different particle sizes, for example, fine metal oxides having an average particle size of about 10 ⁇ m and coarse particles having an average particle size of about 50 ⁇ m.
- a thermally conductive filler formed by mixing a metal oxide with a particle size in a ratio of 50:50 or 40:60 the gap between dispersed metal oxide particles with a coarse particle size of about 50 ⁇ m is a fine particle size of about 10 ⁇ m. Since it is filled with metal oxide particles, the continuity of the metal oxide particles is obtained and the heat dissipation is increased, and the particles are oxidized with different metal oxide particles such as aluminum oxide particles. In a thermally conductive filler formed by blending magnesium particles at a ratio of 50:50, heat dissipation is enhanced.
- the blending ratio of the thermally conductive filler selected from particles of these metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides, metal hydroxides, metal carbides and the like to the attenuation body is preferably 35 to 70% by volume.
- the blending ratio is less than 35% by volume, instability is caused in the damping property evaluated by the area of the region surrounded by the hysteresis (history) curve.
- the blending ratio exceeds 70% by volume, the moldability of the damping body is increased. This makes it difficult to produce an attenuation body having a desired shape, for example, a disc shape (disc shape) or a column shape.
- Graphite preferably consists of at least one of natural graphite such as artificial graphite and flaky graphite, and flaky graphite as a preferred example of graphite is flaky (flaky), compared to granular graphite It has a large surface area and acts to dampen external forces such as vibrations and shocks by the inter-layer sliding friction generated when the damping body receives external forces such as vibrations and shocks, and friction with the thermally conductive filler. Is more effective.
- the graphite preferably has an average particle size exceeding 100 ⁇ m, and the scaly graphite preferably has an average particle size of 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 500 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m and a particle size with a large contact area. Is used.
- the blending ratio of graphite, particularly scaly graphite, with respect to the attenuation body is preferably 5 to 50% by volume. If the blending ratio is less than 5% by volume, sufficient frictional damping will not be exhibited, and if the blending ratio exceeds 50% by volume, the moldability of the damping body may be deteriorated. Strength is reduced and brittleness is developed.
- the thermosetting resin imparts adhesiveness and compression moldability to the material for forming the attenuation body.
- the thermosetting resin exhibits an effect of reducing the porosity and improves durability.
- the blending ratio of the thermosetting resin to the attenuation body is preferably 10 to 30% by volume. If the blending ratio is less than 10% by volume, it is difficult to impart sufficient tackiness to the material for forming the attenuation body. If the blending ratio exceeds 30% by volume, the kneading processability and moldability of the damping body forming material are deteriorated. There is a risk of causing it.
- the thermosetting resin preferably contains a phenol resin.
- phenol resin various phenols and formaldehyde are reacted in the presence of an alkali catalyst in the presence of a resol type phenol resin or an acid catalyst.
- a novolak type phenol resin obtained by the reaction can be exemplified. Specifically, “Resitop (alkylphenol resin having an alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms): softening point of 78 to 105 ° C.” manufactured by Gunei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. It can be exemplified.
- the attenuation body includes 35 to 70% by volume of a heat conductive filler, 5 to 50% by volume of graphite, and 10 to 30% by volume of a thermosetting resin.
- the attenuation body may further contain at least one of rubber powder and crystalline polyester resin of at least one of vulcanized rubber and silicone rubber as another component.
- the blending ratio of the powder is preferably 40% by volume or less, more preferably 7 to 30% by volume with respect to the component composition of the attenuation body, and the blending ratio of the crystalline polyester resin is based on the component composition of the attenuation body. It is preferably 25% by volume or less, more preferably 3 to 22% by volume.
- Rubber powder especially vulcanized rubber powder, imparts flexibility to the damping body obtained by molding, promotes ease of movement of the damping body, and plays a role of increasing energy absorption.
- the vulcanized rubber powder is preferably natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), nitrile rubber (NBR), butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber, acrylic rubber (ACM), average particle diameter formed by pulverizing vulcanized rubber such as ethylene vinyl acetate rubber or ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Is used, and one or more of these pulverized powders are selected and used.
- NR natural rubber
- IR polyisoprene rubber
- BR polybutadiene rubber
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- Silicone rubber is an inorganic rubber and has excellent features such as heat resistance, cold resistance, weather resistance, electrical insulation, flame retardancy, and non-toxicity.
- silicone rubber methyl silicone rubber (MQ)
- Preferred examples include vinyl methyl silicone rubber (VMQ) and phenyl methyl silicone rubber (PMQ).
- the blending ratio of the rubber powder is from a thermally conductive filler, graphite, particularly flaky graphite and a thermosetting resin, or a thermally conductive filler, graphite, particularly flaky graphite, a thermosetting resin and a crystalline polyester resin.
- a thermally conductive filler graphite, particularly flaky graphite and a thermosetting resin
- it is 40 volume% or less, more preferably 7 to 30 volume%.
- Examples of crystalline polyester resins include aliphatic polyesters such as polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone and polyethylene succinate, polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate and Examples include semi-aromatic polyesters such as polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate, ester elastomers, and the like.
- Specific examples of the crystalline polyester resin include “Byron GM900”, “Byron GM920” and “Byron GM990” (all are trade names) manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.
- the molecular weight of the crystalline polyester resin is preferably 10,000 to 35,000, more preferably 15,000 to 30,000.
- the “average particle size” means a particle size at an integrated value of 50% in the particle size distribution obtained by a laser diffraction / scattering method.
- a columnar body made of an attenuation body disposed in a columnar hollow part, preferably press-fitted into the columnar hollow part, supports a load in the laminating direction together with the laminated elastic body.
- the column may exclusively absorb vibration energy.
- the rigid layer having rigidity and the elastic layer having elasticity are annular in a preferred example, but instead of this, a polygon, for example, a quadrangular ring, may be used.
- a polygon for example, a quadrangular ring
- it is usually cylindrical, but when the rigid layer and elastic layer are annular, it is cylindrical, and instead, the rigid layer and elastic layer are polygonal.
- a quadrangular ring shape a quadrangular cylindrical shape may be used.
- the present invention there may be one or a plurality of columnar hollow portions.
- the present invention is applied to all the columnar hollow portions. It is not necessary to arrange the columnar body made of the damping body according to the above, and from the viewpoint of the required function and effect, the columnar body made of the damping body is preferably arranged by being press-fitted into some columnar hollow portions.
- the column body arranged in one or a plurality of columnar hollow parts is composed of a plurality of attenuation bodies, all the plurality of attenuation bodies need to be composed of the attenuation bodies according to the present invention. However, some of the attenuation bodies may be attenuation bodies according to the present invention.
- a seismic isolation device having absorption performance can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a preferred example of an embodiment of the seismic isolation device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of the laminated elastic body of the example shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective explanatory view of the cylindrical body of the example shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the horizontal displacement and the horizontal load in the example shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of test results on the relationship between the horizontal displacement and the horizontal load in the example shown in FIG. 1 at a vertical surface pressure of 15 MPa.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of test results on the relationship between the number of vibrations and the yield load maintenance rate.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of test results on the relationship between the number of vibrations and the yield load maintenance rate.
- the seismic isolation device 1 of this example includes a plurality of elastic layers 3 made of an elastic plate 2 made of an annular rubber or the like, a thin rigid steel plate 4 made of an annular rigid metal plate, etc.
- a cylindrical body 14 made of a disc-shaped (disk-shaped) damping body 12, an upper flange plate 15 and a lower flange plate 16 connected to the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 via bolts 13, respectively, and a cylindrical hollow On the upper and lower surfaces of the attenuator 12 located at the upper and lower ends of the portion 11.
- a disk-shaped (disk-shaped) shear key 17 that fixes the upper flange plate 15 and the lower flange plate 16 and the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 with respect to the shear direction (horizontal direction) H.
- the cylindrical hollow portion 11 in which the individual attenuation bodies 12 are densely stacked and stacked is formed by the upper surface 18 of the lower shear key 17 and the lower surface 19 of the upper shear key 17. It is prescribed.
- the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 sandwiching the elastic layer 3 and the thin rigid steel plate 4 in the axial direction V are disposed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the laminated elastic body 8 and are positioned at the lowermost end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11.
- the attenuating body 12 is disposed in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid steel plate 6 that defines the lower end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11, and is located at the uppermost end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11. Are arranged in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid steel plate 5 that defines the upper end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11.
- Each attenuation body 12 is defined by a circular one end face 20, a circular other end face 21 facing the one end face 20, and one end face 20 and a cylindrical side face 22 bridging the other end face 21.
- One end face 20 of the damping body 12 is on the one hand in the circular recess 25 of the upper flange plate 15 and on the other hand in the circular recess 26 of the thick rigid steel plate 5, respectively.
- the other end surface 21 of the attenuation body 12 located at the lowermost end is in close contact with the lower surface 19 of the upper shear key 17 fitted to the lower end of the circular recess 27 of the lower flange plate 16.
- the lower flange plate 16 and the upper surface 18 of the lower shear key 17 fitted to the thick-walled rigid steel plate 6 are in close contact with each other.
- the other attenuating bodies 12 other than the attenuating body 12 to be placed are in close contact with the other end face 21 and the one end face 20 of the adjacent attenuating bodies 12 at the one end face 20 and the other end face 21, respectively.
- the energy of the shear deformation is absorbed by the relative shearing (deflection) deformation of the other end surface 21 with respect to the one end surface 20 in the horizontal direction H that is parallel to the one end surface 20 to attenuate the shear deformation. It has become.
- the seismic isolation device 1 is connected and fixed to the upper structure 31 on the upper flange plate 15 side and the base 32 which is the lower structure on the lower flange plate 16 side via bolts 33, and thus the upper structure.
- the seismic isolation device 1 disposed between the object 31 and the foundation 32 supports the load in the stacking direction (vertical direction) V of the upper structure 31 by the stacked elastic body 8 and the cylindrical body 14. .
- Each of the attenuation bodies 12 basically contains a thermally conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin that mainly functions as a tackifier.
- Each attenuation body 12 weighs at least one of a heat conductive filler, scaly graphite as a graphite and a thermosetting resin powder or a rubber powder and a crystalline polyester resin to be added to these in a predetermined amount,
- the mixture was put into a stirring mixer such as a mixer and uniformly stirred and mixed.
- the mixture was put into a kneader (heater kneader), heated and kneaded, and the heat-kneaded attenuation material was heated to a temperature of 80 to 150 ° C.
- the seismic isolation device 1 having the cylindrical body 14 formed by stacking the disk-shaped (disk-shaped) attenuation bodies 12 in multiple layers, first, an annular rubber plate or the like having a circular hole in the center is used.
- the elastic plate 2 and the thin rigid steel plate 4 made of an annular rigid metal plate or the like having a circular hole in the central portion are alternately laminated, and an annular shape having a circular hole in the central portion on the lowermost surface and the uppermost surface thereof.
- Thick-walled rigid steel plates 5 and 6 made of a rigid metal plate or the like are arranged, and these are fixed to each other by vulcanization under pressure in a mold, and a cylindrical laminate having a columnar hollow portion 11 at the center.
- An elastic body 8 is manufactured, and then a plurality of disk-shaped (disk-shaped) attenuation bodies 12 are formed in the cylindrical hollow portion 11 so that a cylindrical body 14 is formed in the cylindrical hollow portion 11.
- a (disk-shaped) attenuation body 12 is press-fitted and laminated. The press-fitting of the attenuating body 12 is performed so that the disc-shaped (disc-shaped) attenuating body 12 does not have a gap with respect to the inner peripheral surface 10 of the laminated elastic body 8 and a plurality of disc-shaped (disc-shaped)
- Each of the damping bodies 12 is sequentially pushed into the cylindrical hollow portion 11 by a hydraulic ram or the like.
- the shear key 17 is placed at the lower end and the upper end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11, the upper surface 18 is placed at one end surface 20 of the attenuating body 12 located at the lowermost end, and the lower surface 19 is placed at the lower end of the damping body 12.
- the upper and lower flange plates 15 and 16 are attached to the thick-walled rigid steel plates 5 and 6 via bolts 13, respectively.
- rubber or the like is applied to the elastic layer 3 made of the elastic plate 2 so as to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the thin rigid steel plate 4 and the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6.
- the covering layer 9 made of may be formed integrally.
- a plurality of disk-shaped (disk-shaped) damping bodies 12 stacked in multiple layers along the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow portion 11 are press-fitted into the cylindrical hollow portion 11, and vibrations are generated.
- the upper structure 31 is moved in the horizontal direction H with respect to the base 32 due to an impact or the like and receives a shearing force in the horizontal direction H, as shown in FIG. It is possible to absorb the vibration energy in the horizontal direction H by shear deformation in the horizontal direction H, and to quickly attenuate external forces such as vibration and impact.
- the seismic isolation device 1 having the cylindrical body 14 formed by stacking the cylindrical body 11 in a multilayered manner in the cylindrical hollow portion 11 and press-fitting it has stable strain dependence, temperature dependence, and surface pressure dependence. It has the characteristics and stable performance against repeated excitation in long-time earthquakes.
- Examples 1 to 10 At least one of the thermally conductive filler and the scale-like graphite as the graphite and the phenol resin as the thermosetting resin or the rubber powder and the crystalline polyester resin is added to the blending ratio (volume%) shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the material of the attenuating body was gradually cooled and cooled to room temperature, and then a disk-shaped (disc-shaped) attenuating body 12 having a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 10 mm was taken out from the cylindrical hollow portion of the mold.
- the damping performance, surface pressure dependence, and yield load maintenance rate of the seismic isolation device 1 were evaluated by the following methods.
- the seismic isolation device 1 is loaded with the vertical surface pressures (vertical loads) P of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa shown above, respectively, and the intercept loads Qd at the respective vertical surface pressures P are obtained.
- the change in the section load Qd due to the vertical surface pressure P was calculated by a ratio (magnification) with the section load Qd having a vertical surface pressure of 5 MPa as 1.00, and the surface pressure dependency was evaluated by this ratio.
- the seismic isolation device 1 in which this ratio increases with an increase in the vertical surface pressure P generates an intercept load Qd corresponding to the vertical surface pressure P, and exhibits a seismic isolation effect corresponding to the superstructure with different loads to be supported. It will have the characteristics that can be.
- the seismic isolation device 1 including each of the cylindrical bodies 14 made of the damping body material shown in Table 1 and Table 2 has a vertical surface pressure P of The intercept load Qd increases as it rises.
- the ratio between the intercept load Q at each vertical surface pressure P and the intercept load at a vertical surface pressure of 5 MPa is 10 MPa, which is twice the vertical surface pressure P with respect to 5 MPa.
- the vertical surface pressure P is 15 MPa which is 3 times as large as 5 MPa, 1.52 to 1.92
- the vertical surface pressure P is 20 MPa which is 4 times as large as 5 MPa.
- FIG. 6 is a test of horizontal restoring force characteristics, which is a relationship between a horizontal displacement ⁇ (mm) and a horizontal load (horizontal force) Q (kN) in the seismic isolation device 1 including the cylindrical body 14 of Example 6. A result (hysteresis curve) is shown.
- the ratio between the intercept load at a vertical surface pressure of 5 MPa and the intercept load at each of the vertical surface pressures of 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa in a seismic isolation device having a cylindrical lead (lead plug) instead of the cylindrical body 14 is as follows:
- the vertical surface pressure is 1.02 at a pressure of 10 MPa, 1.04 at a pressure of 15 MPa, and 1.06 at a pressure of 20 MPa.
- the seismic isolation device in which such a lead plug is press-fitted is from the seismic isolation device 1 of this example. Is also inferior.
- the seismic isolation device 1 is subjected to repeated excitation of (1) horizontal deformation rate of 100%, 0.1 Hz and (2) horizontal deformation rate of 300%, 0.33 Hz to maintain the yield rate of energy absorption performance.
- the seismic isolation device of Comparative Example 1 used in the test is a seismic isolation device in which a lead plug is press-fitted into the cylindrical hollow portion 11 at the center of the laminated elastic body 8 instead of the cylindrical body 14.
- the device is a seismic isolation device that press-fits a cylindrical body obtained by compression molding an attenuating material made of thermally conductive filler, scaly graphite, vulcanized rubber powder, crystalline polyester resin and coumarone resin instead of lead plugs. It is.
Abstract
A seismic isolation device 1 is provided with: a stacked elastic body 8 formed by alternately stacking elastic layers 3 and rigid layers 7; and a solid circular cylindrical body 14 comprising damping bodies 12 press-fitted in a circular cylindrical hollow section 11 in the stacked elastic body 8. Each of the damping bodies 12 contains a thermally conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin.
Description
本発明は、減衰体を具備した免震装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device having an attenuation body.
弾性層及び剛性層が交互に積層されてなる積層弾性体と、この積層弾性体の内周面で規定された円柱状中空部に充填された鉛プラグとを有した免震装置は、特許文献１及び２により知られているように、上部構造物の荷重を支持した上で、地震等による地盤振動の上部構造物への伝達を積層弾性体によりできるだけ阻止すると共に上部構造物に伝達された振動を鉛プラグにより可及的に速やかに減衰させるように、地盤と上部構造物との間に設置される。
A seismic isolation device having a laminated elastic body in which an elastic layer and a rigid layer are alternately laminated and a lead plug filled in a cylindrical hollow portion defined by an inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body is disclosed in Patent Literature As known from 1 and 2, after supporting the load of the superstructure, transmission of ground vibration due to earthquakes etc. to the superstructure is prevented as much as possible by the laminated elastic body and transmitted to the superstructure It is installed between the ground and the superstructure so that the vibration is damped as quickly as possible by the lead plug.
免震装置に用いられる斯かる鉛プラグは、振動エネルギを好ましく吸収して、塑性変形後も振動エネルギ吸収に伴って発生する熱により容易に再結晶して機械的疲労を招来しないために、振動エネルギ吸収体として極めて優れている。
Such a lead plug used in a seismic isolation device preferably absorbs vibration energy, and even after plastic deformation, it easily recrystallizes due to the heat generated along with the vibration energy absorption and does not cause mechanical fatigue. It is extremely excellent as an energy absorber.
しかしながら、鉛は、周知のとおりその比重が極めて大きいために、積層弾性体に鉛プラグを組み込んだ免震装置においては、その施工現場への運搬及び構造物への施工には、極めて大きな労力を必要とする上に、面圧依存性、即ち、支持する重量の異なる上部構造物に応じた免震効果を発揮できる特性を得ることができないという問題がある。
However, since the specific gravity of lead is extremely large as is well known, in a seismic isolation device incorporating a lead plug in a laminated elastic body, extremely large labor is required for transportation to the construction site and construction on a structure. In addition to this, there is a problem that it is not possible to obtain the characteristics that can exert the seismic isolation effect according to the surface pressure dependency, that is, the superstructure having different weights to be supported.
特許文献３には、エラストマー組成物に鉄粉等の粉体を配合した組成物から製造したプラグを組み込んだ免震装置が提案されているが、斯かる免震装置でも、面圧依存性についての考慮が払われていない。
Patent Document 3 proposes a seismic isolation device in which a plug manufactured from a composition in which a powder such as iron powder is blended with an elastomer composition is incorporated, but even with such a seismic isolation device, surface pressure dependency is also known. Is not taken into account.
本発明は、上記諸点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、免震効果に対する各依存性、例えば安定したひずみ依存性、温度依存性及び面圧依存性を有すると共に繰り返し加振に対しての降伏荷重の変化が少なく、長時間地震における繰り返し加振に対して安定したエネルギ吸収性能を有する免震装置を提供することにある。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the object of the present invention is to have each dependence on the seismic isolation effect, for example, stable strain dependence, temperature dependence and surface pressure dependence, and repeated excitation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation device that has a small energy change in yield load and that has stable energy absorption performance against repeated excitation in long-term earthquakes.
本発明の免震装置は、剛性層及び弾性層が交互に積層されてなる積層弾性体と、少なくともこの積層弾性体の内周面で規定された少なくとも一つの柱状中空部、好ましくは円柱状中空部に配された減衰体からなる柱体、好ましくは円柱体とを備えており、減衰体は、熱伝導性フィラーと黒鉛と熱硬化性樹脂とを含んでいる。
The seismic isolation device of the present invention includes a laminated elastic body in which rigid layers and elastic layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar hollow portion defined by at least an inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body, preferably a cylindrical hollow. A columnar body made of an attenuating body disposed in the section, preferably a cylindrical body, is provided, and the attenuating body includes a thermally conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin.
本発明の免震装置はまた、剛性層及び弾性層が交互に積層されてなる積層弾性体と、少なくともこの積層弾性体の内周面で規定された少なくとも一つの柱状中空部、好ましくは円柱状中空部に配されていると共に柱状中空部、好ましくは円柱状中空部の軸方向に積層された複数個の減衰体からなる柱体、好ましくは円柱体とを備えており、各減衰体は、熱伝導性フィラーと黒鉛と熱硬化性樹脂とを含んでいる。
The seismic isolation device of the present invention also includes a laminated elastic body in which rigid layers and elastic layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar hollow portion defined by at least an inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body, preferably a cylindrical shape. A columnar hollow portion, preferably a columnar body made of a plurality of attenuation bodies stacked in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow portion, preferably a columnar body, and arranged in the hollow portion, each attenuation body, A heat conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin are included.
本発明の免震装置によれば、減衰体は、付加される振動に起因する繰り返し剪断変形を相互の摩擦により減衰させる熱伝導性フィラーと、同じく付加される振動に起因する繰り返し剪断変形を少なくとも熱伝導性フィラーとの摩擦により減衰させる黒鉛と、減衰体の初期の形状保持のためにこれらを相互に接着すると共に高温で硬化する熱硬化性樹脂とを含んでいるので、長時間継続して作用する地震において、エネルギ吸収に伴う減衰体の温度上昇が生じても熱硬化性樹脂が溶融しないので、熱硬化性樹脂の溶融化による熱伝導性フィラー相互及び熱伝導性フィラーと黒鉛との間の低摩擦をもった流動現象を回避でき、熱伝導性フィラー自体の相互の摩擦及び黒鉛の熱伝導性フィラーとの摩擦による本来の減衰効果を温度上昇に拘わらず継続して維持できる結果、硬化後、エネルギ吸収性能の低下を来すことがない。
According to the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the damping body includes at least a thermal conductive filler that attenuates repeated shear deformation caused by added vibration by mutual friction, and at least repeated shear deformation caused by the added vibration. It contains graphite that is attenuated by friction with the thermally conductive filler, and a thermosetting resin that adheres to each other and cures at a high temperature to maintain the initial shape of the attenuation body. In the earthquake that acts, the thermosetting resin does not melt even if the temperature of the attenuation body increases due to energy absorption. The flow phenomenon with low friction can be avoided, and the original damping effect due to the friction between the heat conductive fillers themselves and the friction with the graphite heat conductive fillers can be avoided regardless of the temperature rise. Continued to results that can maintain, after curing, it is not causing a drop in energy absorption performance.
また、柱状中空部に配されていると共に柱状中空部の軸方向に積層されている複数個の減衰体からなる柱体を備えた本発明の免震装置によれば、減衰体間の相対的変位と各減衰体での剪断（撓み）変形とにより好ましい柱体の変位追従性を得ることができる。
Further, according to the seismic isolation device of the present invention including the columnar body formed of a plurality of attenuation bodies arranged in the columnar hollow portion and stacked in the axial direction of the columnar hollow portion, the relative distance between the attenuation bodies is A preferable displacement followability of the column body can be obtained by the displacement and the shearing (deflection) deformation in each attenuation body.
本発明において、熱硬化性樹脂は、最初の地震の減衰体の剪断変形で減衰体に対するその形状保持性が解除される一方、硬化後の剪断変形でその粉砕、粒子化が行われる結果、硬化後をも含めてその後の地震においては、熱硬化性樹脂自体の相互摩擦、熱伝導性フィラー及び黒鉛間の相互摩擦で、熱伝導性フィラー及び黒鉛による繰り返し剪断変形の減衰に同様にして寄与するようになっている。
In the present invention, the thermosetting resin is cured as a result of its shape retention being canceled by the shear deformation of the first earthquake attenuation body, while being crushed and granulated by the shear deformation after curing. In subsequent earthquakes, including after, the mutual friction between the thermosetting resin itself and the mutual friction between the thermal conductive filler and graphite contributes similarly to the attenuation of repeated shear deformation by the thermal conductive filler and graphite. It is like that.
熱伝導性フィラーは、減衰効果に加えて、減衰体の形状を保持する形状保持効果及び減衰体中で生じる摩擦熱を放散する放熱効果をも有するので、製造時及び剪断変形後の柱体の型崩れ及び地震での柱体の温度上昇を防ぎ得る。
In addition to the damping effect, the thermally conductive filler also has a shape retention effect that holds the shape of the damping body and a heat dissipation effect that dissipates frictional heat generated in the damping body. It is possible to prevent the temperature rise of the column body due to loss of shape and earthquake.
熱伝導性フィラーは、好ましい例では、酸化アルミニウム（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）、酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ２）、酸化マグネシウム（ＭｇＯ）、酸化亜鉛（ＺｎＯ）、酸化チタン（ＴｉＯ２）、酸化ケイ素（ＳｉＯ２）、酸化鉄（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）、酸化ニッケル（ＮｉＯ）及び酸化銅（ＣｕＯ）等の金属酸化物、窒化硼素（ＢＮ）、窒化アルミニウム（ＡｌＮ）及び窒化ケイ素（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）等の金属窒化物、炭化ホウ素（Ｂ４Ｃ）、炭化アルミニウム（Ａｌ４Ｃ３）、炭化ケイ素（ＳｉＣ）及び炭化チタン（ＴｉＣ）等の金属炭化物並びに水酸化アルミニウム〔Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３〕、水酸化マグネシウム〔Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２〕、水酸化ナトリウム（ＮａＯＨ）、水酸化カルシウム〔Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２〕及び水酸化亜鉛〔Ｚｎ（ＯＨ）２〕等の金属水酸化物の粒子のうちの一種若しくは二種以上を含んでおり、就中、酸化マグネシウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素、窒化アルミニウム、窒化ケイ素、窒化ホウ素及び炭化ケイ素等の粒子は、高い熱伝導性を有すると共に分散性の観点から熱伝導性フィラーとして更に好ましい。
In a preferred example, the thermally conductive filler is aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), silicon oxide (SiO 2 ). ), Metal oxides such as iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), nickel oxide (NiO) and copper oxide (CuO), boron nitride (BN), aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) Metal nitride, boron carbide (B 4 C), aluminum carbide (Al 4 C 3 ), metal carbide such as silicon carbide (SiC) and titanium carbide (TiC), and aluminum hydroxide [Al (OH) 3 ], hydroxylation Magnesium [Mg (OH) 2 ], sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH) 2 ] and zinc hydroxide [Zn (OH) 2 ] including one or more kinds of metal hydroxide particles such as magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide. Further, it is more preferable as a heat conductive filler from the viewpoint of dispersibility while having high heat conductivity.
熱伝導性フィラーは、好ましくは、平均粒径１０μｍｍから５０μｍの粒度をもっており、特に、粒度の異なる粒子、例えば平均粒径が１０μｍ程度の細かい粒度の金属酸化物と平均粒径が５０μｍ程度の粗い粒度の金属酸化物とを５０：５０又は４０：６０の割合で配合してなる熱伝導性フィラーでは、分散した５０μｍ程度の粗い粒度の金属酸化物の粒子間の隙間が１０μｍ程度の細かい粒度の金属酸化物の粒子で埋められているために、金属酸化物の粒子の連続性が得られて熱放散性が高められており、また、異なる金属酸化物の粒子、例えば酸化アルミニウムの粒子と酸化マグネシウムの粒子とを５０：５０の割合で配合してなる熱伝導性フィラーでは、熱の放散性が高められている。
The thermally conductive filler preferably has an average particle size of 10 μm to 50 μm, and in particular, particles having different particle sizes, for example, fine metal oxides having an average particle size of about 10 μm and coarse particles having an average particle size of about 50 μm. In a thermally conductive filler formed by mixing a metal oxide with a particle size in a ratio of 50:50 or 40:60, the gap between dispersed metal oxide particles with a coarse particle size of about 50 μm is a fine particle size of about 10 μm. Since it is filled with metal oxide particles, the continuity of the metal oxide particles is obtained and the heat dissipation is increased, and the particles are oxidized with different metal oxide particles such as aluminum oxide particles. In a thermally conductive filler formed by blending magnesium particles at a ratio of 50:50, heat dissipation is enhanced.
これら金属酸化物、金属窒化物、金属炭化物、金属水酸化物及び金属炭化物等の粒子から選択される熱伝導性フィラーの減衰体に対する配合割合は、好ましくは、３５～７０体積％である。配合割合が３５体積％未満では、ヒステリシス（履歴）曲線で囲まれる領域の面積で評価される減衰性に不安定さを招来し、また配合割合が７０体積％を超えると、減衰体の成形性を悪化させ、所望の形状、例えば円盤状（円板状）又は円柱状の減衰体の作製が難しくなる。
The blending ratio of the thermally conductive filler selected from particles of these metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides, metal hydroxides, metal carbides and the like to the attenuation body is preferably 35 to 70% by volume. When the blending ratio is less than 35% by volume, instability is caused in the damping property evaluated by the area of the region surrounded by the hysteresis (history) curve. When the blending ratio exceeds 70% by volume, the moldability of the damping body is increased. This makes it difficult to produce an attenuation body having a desired shape, for example, a disc shape (disc shape) or a column shape.
黒鉛は、好ましくは、人造黒鉛及び鱗片状黒鉛等の天然黒鉛のうちの少なくとも一方からなり、黒鉛の好ましい例としての鱗片状黒鉛は、鱗片状（フレーク状）をなし、粒状の黒鉛に比べると大きな表面面積を有しており、減衰体が振動、衝撃等の外力を受けたときに生じるその層間すべり摩擦と、熱伝導性フィラーとの摩擦とにより当該振動、衝撃等の外力を減衰する作用をより効果的に発揮する。黒鉛には、好ましくは、平均粒径が１００μｍを超えるものを用い、鱗片状黒鉛には、好ましくは、平均粒径が１００μ～１０００μｍ、より好ましくは５００μｍ～７００μｍの接触面積の大きい粒径のものを用いる。
Graphite preferably consists of at least one of natural graphite such as artificial graphite and flaky graphite, and flaky graphite as a preferred example of graphite is flaky (flaky), compared to granular graphite It has a large surface area and acts to dampen external forces such as vibrations and shocks by the inter-layer sliding friction generated when the damping body receives external forces such as vibrations and shocks, and friction with the thermally conductive filler. Is more effective. The graphite preferably has an average particle size exceeding 100 μm, and the scaly graphite preferably has an average particle size of 100 μm to 1000 μm, more preferably 500 μm to 700 μm and a particle size with a large contact area. Is used.
黒鉛、特に鱗片状黒鉛の減衰体に対しての配合割合は、好ましくは、５～５０体積％である。配合割合が５体積％未満では十分な摩擦減衰が発揮されず、また、配合割合が５０体積％を超えると、減衰体の成形性を悪化させる虞があり、仮に成形できたとしても減衰体の強度を低下させ、脆さが発現する。
The blending ratio of graphite, particularly scaly graphite, with respect to the attenuation body is preferably 5 to 50% by volume. If the blending ratio is less than 5% by volume, sufficient frictional damping will not be exhibited, and if the blending ratio exceeds 50% by volume, the moldability of the damping body may be deteriorated. Strength is reduced and brittleness is developed.
熱硬化性樹脂は、減衰体の形成材料に粘着性及び圧縮成形性を付与する。例えば、熱硬化性樹脂を含む減衰体において、熱硬化性樹脂は、その空隙率を減少させる作用を発揮して耐久性を向上させる。減衰体に対する熱硬化性樹脂の配合割合は、好ましくは、１０～３０体積％である。配合割合が１０体積％未満では、減衰体の形成材料に十分な粘着性を付与し難く、また配合割合が３０体積％を超えると、減衰体の形成材料の混練り加工性、成形性を悪化させる虞がある。
The thermosetting resin imparts adhesiveness and compression moldability to the material for forming the attenuation body. For example, in an attenuating body containing a thermosetting resin, the thermosetting resin exhibits an effect of reducing the porosity and improves durability. The blending ratio of the thermosetting resin to the attenuation body is preferably 10 to 30% by volume. If the blending ratio is less than 10% by volume, it is difficult to impart sufficient tackiness to the material for forming the attenuation body. If the blending ratio exceeds 30% by volume, the kneading processability and moldability of the damping body forming material are deteriorated. There is a risk of causing it.
熱硬化性樹脂は、好ましくは、フェノール樹脂を含んでおり、フェノール樹脂としては、各種のフェノール類とホルムアルデヒドとをアルカリ触媒の存在下で反応させてなるレゾール型フェノール樹脂や酸触媒の存在下で反応させてなるノボラツク型フェノール樹脂を例示し得、具体的には、群栄化学工業株式会社製の「レジトップ（アルキル基の炭素数８のアルキルフェノール樹脂）：軟化点７８～１０５℃」等を例示し得る。
The thermosetting resin preferably contains a phenol resin. As the phenol resin, various phenols and formaldehyde are reacted in the presence of an alkali catalyst in the presence of a resol type phenol resin or an acid catalyst. A novolak type phenol resin obtained by the reaction can be exemplified. Specifically, “Resitop (alkylphenol resin having an alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms): softening point of 78 to 105 ° C.” manufactured by Gunei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. It can be exemplified.
好ましい例では、減衰体は、熱伝導フィラー３５～７０体積％と、黒鉛５～５０体積％と、熱硬化性樹脂１０～３０体積％とを含んでいる。
In a preferred example, the attenuation body includes 35 to 70% by volume of a heat conductive filler, 5 to 50% by volume of graphite, and 10 to 30% by volume of a thermosetting resin.
本発明の免震装置において、減衰体は、他の成分として、加硫ゴム及びシリコーンゴムのうちの少なくとも一方のゴム粉末及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方を更に含んでいてもよく、ゴム粉末の配合割合は、減衰体の成分組成に対して、好ましくは４０体積％以下、より好ましくは７～３０体積％であり、結晶性ポリエステル樹脂の配合割合は、減衰体の成分組成に対して、好ましくは２５体積％以下、より好ましくは３～２２体積％である。
In the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the attenuation body may further contain at least one of rubber powder and crystalline polyester resin of at least one of vulcanized rubber and silicone rubber as another component. The blending ratio of the powder is preferably 40% by volume or less, more preferably 7 to 30% by volume with respect to the component composition of the attenuation body, and the blending ratio of the crystalline polyester resin is based on the component composition of the attenuation body. It is preferably 25% by volume or less, more preferably 3 to 22% by volume.
ゴム粉末、特に加硫ゴム粉末は、成形して得られる減衰体に柔軟性を付与して当該減衰体の動き易さを助長すると共にエネルギ吸収量を増大させる役割を果たす。加硫ゴム粉末には、好ましくは、天然ゴム（ＮＲ）、ポリイソプレンゴム（ＩＲ）、ポリブタジエンゴム（ＢＲ）、スチレン－ブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）、クロロプレンゴム（ＣＲ）、エチレン－プロピレンゴム（ＥＰＭ、ＥＰＤＭ）、ニトリルゴム（ＮＢＲ）、ブチルゴム（ＩＩＲ）、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム、アクリルゴム（ＡＣＭ）、エチレン酢酸ビニルゴム又はエチレン－メチルアクリレート共重合体等の加硫ゴムを粉砕して形成される平均粒径が９０μｍの粉砕粉末が使用され、これら粉砕粉末の一種又は二種以上が選択されて使用される。
Rubber powder, especially vulcanized rubber powder, imparts flexibility to the damping body obtained by molding, promotes ease of movement of the damping body, and plays a role of increasing energy absorption. The vulcanized rubber powder is preferably natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), nitrile rubber (NBR), butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber, acrylic rubber (ACM), average particle diameter formed by pulverizing vulcanized rubber such as ethylene vinyl acetate rubber or ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Is used, and one or more of these pulverized powders are selected and used.
シリコーンゴムは、無機のゴムであり、耐熱性、耐寒性、耐候性、電気絶縁性、難燃性、無毒性などに優れた特長を兼ね備えており、シリコーンゴムとして、メチルシリコーンゴム（ＭＱ）、ビニル・メチルシリコーンゴム（ＶＭＱ）、フェニル・メチルシリコーンゴム（ＰＭＱ）を好ましい例として挙げることができる。
Silicone rubber is an inorganic rubber and has excellent features such as heat resistance, cold resistance, weather resistance, electrical insulation, flame retardancy, and non-toxicity. As silicone rubber, methyl silicone rubber (MQ), Preferred examples include vinyl methyl silicone rubber (VMQ) and phenyl methyl silicone rubber (PMQ).
ゴム粉末の配合割合は、熱伝導性フィラー、黒鉛、特に鱗片状黒鉛及び熱硬化性樹脂からなる減衰体又は熱伝導性フィラー、黒鉛、特に鱗片状黒鉛、熱硬化性樹脂及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂からなる減衰体に対して、好ましくは４０体積％以下、より好ましくは７～３０体積％である。
The blending ratio of the rubber powder is from a thermally conductive filler, graphite, particularly flaky graphite and a thermosetting resin, or a thermally conductive filler, graphite, particularly flaky graphite, a thermosetting resin and a crystalline polyester resin. Preferably, it is 40 volume% or less, more preferably 7 to 30 volume%.
結晶性ポリエステル系樹脂としては、例えば、ポリグルコール酸、ポリ乳酸、ポリカプロラクトン及びポリエチレンサクシネート等の脂肪族ポリエステル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリブチレンナフタレート及びポリシクロヘキサンジメチレンテレフタレート等の半芳香族ポリエステル、エステル系エラストマー等を例示し得る。結晶性ポリエステル樹脂の具体例としては、東洋紡株式会社製の「バイロンＧＭ９００」、「バイロンＧＭ９２０」及び「バイロンＧＭ９９０」（いずれも商品名）等を挙げることができる。結晶性ポリエステル樹脂の分子量は、好ましくは１００００～３５０００、より好ましくは１５０００～３００００である 。
Examples of crystalline polyester resins include aliphatic polyesters such as polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone and polyethylene succinate, polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate and Examples include semi-aromatic polyesters such as polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate, ester elastomers, and the like. Specific examples of the crystalline polyester resin include “Byron GM900”, “Byron GM920” and “Byron GM990” (all are trade names) manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. The molecular weight of the crystalline polyester resin is preferably 10,000 to 35,000, more preferably 15,000 to 30,000.
本明細書において「平均粒径」は、レーザー回析・散乱法によって求めた粒度分布における積算値５０％での粒径を意味する。
In the present specification, the “average particle size” means a particle size at an integrated value of 50% in the particle size distribution obtained by a laser diffraction / scattering method.
好ましい例では、柱状中空部に配されている、好ましくは、柱状中空部に圧入されている減衰体からなる柱体は、積層弾性体と共に積層方向の荷重をも支持するようになっているが、これに代えて、柱体は、専ら振動エネルギを吸収するようになっていてもよい。
In a preferred example, a columnar body made of an attenuation body disposed in a columnar hollow part, preferably press-fitted into the columnar hollow part, supports a load in the laminating direction together with the laminated elastic body. Instead of this, the column may exclusively absorb vibration energy.
本発明において、剛性を有する剛性層及び弾性を有する弾性層は、好ましい例では、円環状であるが、これに代えて、多角形、例えば四角形の環状であってもよく、積層弾性体は、柱状中空部が一つの場合において、通常は、筒状であるが、剛性層及び弾性層が円環状である場合には、円筒状であり、これに代えて、剛性層及び弾性層が多角形、例えば四角形の環状である場合には、四角筒状であってもよい。
In the present invention, the rigid layer having rigidity and the elastic layer having elasticity are annular in a preferred example, but instead of this, a polygon, for example, a quadrangular ring, may be used. In the case of one columnar hollow portion, it is usually cylindrical, but when the rigid layer and elastic layer are annular, it is cylindrical, and instead, the rigid layer and elastic layer are polygonal. For example, in the case of a quadrangular ring shape, a quadrangular cylindrical shape may be used.
本発明において、柱状中空部は、一個又は複数個であってもよく、複数個の柱状中空部が積層弾性体の内周面で規定されている場合には、全ての柱状中空部に本発明に係る減衰体からなる柱体が配されている必要はなく、要求される機能、効果との観点にから一部の柱状中空部に減衰体からなる柱体が、好ましくは圧入されて配されてもよく、また、一個又は複数個の柱状中空部に配された柱体が複数個の減衰体からなる場合、当該複数個の全ての減衰体が本発明に係る減衰体からなっている必要はなく、一部の減衰体が本発明に係る減衰体であってもよい。
In the present invention, there may be one or a plurality of columnar hollow portions. When a plurality of columnar hollow portions are defined by the inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body, the present invention is applied to all the columnar hollow portions. It is not necessary to arrange the columnar body made of the damping body according to the above, and from the viewpoint of the required function and effect, the columnar body made of the damping body is preferably arranged by being press-fitted into some columnar hollow portions. In addition, when the column body arranged in one or a plurality of columnar hollow parts is composed of a plurality of attenuation bodies, all the plurality of attenuation bodies need to be composed of the attenuation bodies according to the present invention. However, some of the attenuation bodies may be attenuation bodies according to the present invention.
本発明によれば、安定したひずみ依存性、温度依存性及び面圧依存性を有すると共に繰り返し加振に対しての降伏荷重の変化が少なく、長時間地震における繰り返し加振に対して安定したエネルギ吸収性能を有する免震装置を提供することができる。
According to the present invention, there is stable strain dependence, temperature dependence, and surface pressure dependence, and there is little change in yield load due to repeated excitation, and stable energy against repeated excitation in long-term earthquakes. A seismic isolation device having absorption performance can be provided.
次に、本発明を、図に示す好ましい具体例に基づいて更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの具体例に何等限定されないのである。
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on preferred specific examples shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these specific examples.
図１から図３において、本例の免震装置１は、円環状のゴム等の弾性板２からなる複数の弾性層３並びに円環状の剛性金属板等からなる薄肉剛性鋼板４、厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６を有した複数の剛性層７が互いに加硫接着されて交互に積層されてなる円筒状の積層弾性体８と、積層弾性体８の外周面を被覆した円筒状の被覆層９と、積層弾性体８の円柱状の内周面１０で規定された円柱状中空部１１に圧入されていると共に円柱状中空部１１の軸方向（上下方向）Ｖに密に積層された複数個の円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２からなる円柱体１４と、厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６に夫々ボルト１３を介して連結された上フランジプレート１５及び下フランジプレート１６と、円柱状中空部１１の上端及び下端に位置する減衰体１２の上面及び下面において上フランジプレート１５及び下フランジプレート１６と厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６とを互いに剪断方向（水平方向）Ｈに関して固定する円盤状（円板状）の剪断キー１７とを具備しており、複数個の減衰体１２が密に多層に積み重ねられて配された円柱状中空部１１は、内周面１０に加えて、下方の剪断キー１７の上面１８と上方の剪断キー１７の下面１９とによって規定されている。
1 to 3, the seismic isolation device 1 of this example includes a plurality of elastic layers 3 made of an elastic plate 2 made of an annular rubber or the like, a thin rigid steel plate 4 made of an annular rigid metal plate, etc. A cylindrical laminated elastic body 8 in which a plurality of rigid layers 7 having steel plates 5 and 6 are alternately laminated by vulcanization and bonding, and a cylindrical covering layer 9 covering the outer peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body 8 And a plurality of layers that are press-fitted into the cylindrical hollow portion 11 defined by the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 10 of the laminated elastic body 8 and are densely stacked in the axial direction (vertical direction) V of the cylindrical hollow portion 11. A cylindrical body 14 made of a disc-shaped (disk-shaped) damping body 12, an upper flange plate 15 and a lower flange plate 16 connected to the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 via bolts 13, respectively, and a cylindrical hollow On the upper and lower surfaces of the attenuator 12 located at the upper and lower ends of the portion 11. A disk-shaped (disk-shaped) shear key 17 that fixes the upper flange plate 15 and the lower flange plate 16 and the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 with respect to the shear direction (horizontal direction) H. In addition to the inner peripheral surface 10, the cylindrical hollow portion 11 in which the individual attenuation bodies 12 are densely stacked and stacked is formed by the upper surface 18 of the lower shear key 17 and the lower surface 19 of the upper shear key 17. It is prescribed.
弾性層３及び薄肉剛性鋼板４を軸方向Ｖにおいて挟んだ厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６は、積層弾性体８の上下端面側の夫々に配されており、円柱状中空部１１の最下端に位置する減衰体１２は、円柱状中空部１１の下端部を規定する厚肉剛性鋼板６の内周面に密に接して配されており、円柱状中空部１１の最上端に位置する減衰体１２は、円柱状中空部１１の上端部を規定する厚肉剛性鋼板５の内周面に密に接して配されている。
The thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 sandwiching the elastic layer 3 and the thin rigid steel plate 4 in the axial direction V are disposed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the laminated elastic body 8 and are positioned at the lowermost end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11. The attenuating body 12 is disposed in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid steel plate 6 that defines the lower end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11, and is located at the uppermost end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11. Are arranged in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid steel plate 5 that defines the upper end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11.
各減衰体１２は、円形の一端面２０及び一端面２０に対面する円形の他端面２１並びに一端面２０及び他端面２１を橋絡した円筒状の側面２２で規定されており、最上端に位置する減衰体１２の一端面２０は、一方では、上フランジプレート１５の円形凹所２５において、他方では、厚肉剛性鋼板５の円形凹所２６において、夫々上フランジプレート１５及び厚肉剛性鋼板５に嵌装された上方の剪断キー１７の下面１９に密に接触しており、最下端に位置する減衰体１２の他端面２１は、一方では、下フランジプレート１６の円形凹所２７において、他方では、厚肉剛性鋼板６の円形凹所２８において、夫々下フランジプレート１６及び厚肉剛性鋼板６に嵌装された下方の剪断キー１７の上面１８に密に接触しており、最上端及び最下端に位置する減衰体１２を除く他の減衰体１２は、その一端面２０及び他端面２１で隣接する減衰体１２の他端面２１及び一端面２０に密に接触しており、減衰体１２の夫々は、一端面２０に対して平行な方向である水平方向Ｈにおける他端面２１の一端面２０に対する相対的な剪断（撓み）変形で当該剪断変形のエネルギを吸収して当該剪断変形を減衰させるようになっている。
Each attenuation body 12 is defined by a circular one end face 20, a circular other end face 21 facing the one end face 20, and one end face 20 and a cylindrical side face 22 bridging the other end face 21. One end face 20 of the damping body 12 is on the one hand in the circular recess 25 of the upper flange plate 15 and on the other hand in the circular recess 26 of the thick rigid steel plate 5, respectively. The other end surface 21 of the attenuation body 12 located at the lowermost end is in close contact with the lower surface 19 of the upper shear key 17 fitted to the lower end of the circular recess 27 of the lower flange plate 16. In the circular recess 28 of the thick-walled rigid steel plate 6, the lower flange plate 16 and the upper surface 18 of the lower shear key 17 fitted to the thick-walled rigid steel plate 6 are in close contact with each other. At the bottom The other attenuating bodies 12 other than the attenuating body 12 to be placed are in close contact with the other end face 21 and the one end face 20 of the adjacent attenuating bodies 12 at the one end face 20 and the other end face 21, respectively. The energy of the shear deformation is absorbed by the relative shearing (deflection) deformation of the other end surface 21 with respect to the one end surface 20 in the horizontal direction H that is parallel to the one end surface 20 to attenuate the shear deformation. It has become.
斯かる免震装置１は、上フランジプレート１５側が上部構造物３１に、下フランジプレート１６側が下部構造物である基礎３２に、夫々ボルト３３を介して連結されて固定されており、こうして上部構造物３１と基礎３２との間に配された免震装置１は、積層弾性体８と円柱体１４とによって上部構造物３１の積層方向（鉛直方向）Ｖの荷重を支持するようになっている。
The seismic isolation device 1 is connected and fixed to the upper structure 31 on the upper flange plate 15 side and the base 32 which is the lower structure on the lower flange plate 16 side via bolts 33, and thus the upper structure. The seismic isolation device 1 disposed between the object 31 and the foundation 32 supports the load in the stacking direction (vertical direction) V of the upper structure 31 by the stacked elastic body 8 and the cylindrical body 14. .
減衰体１２の夫々は、基本的に、熱伝導性フィラーと、黒鉛と、主として粘着付与剤として機能する熱硬化性樹脂とを含有している。
Each of the attenuation bodies 12 basically contains a thermally conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin that mainly functions as a tackifier.
各減衰体１２は、 熱伝導性フィラー、黒鉛として鱗片状黒鉛及び熱硬化性樹脂粉末又はこれらに更に加えるゴム粉末及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方を所定量の割合に秤量し、これらをミキサーなどの撹拌混合機に投入して均一に撹拌混合し、この混合物をニーダー（混練機）に投入し、加熱混練し、加熱混練された減衰体材料を８０～１５０℃の温度に加熱された金型の円柱状中空部に充填し、成型圧力１０～１００Ｎ／ｍｍ２で圧縮成形し、圧縮成形後、金型の円柱状中空部で加圧状態を維持しながら徐冷し、ついで金型の円柱状中空部から取り出すことにより製造される。
Each attenuation body 12 weighs at least one of a heat conductive filler, scaly graphite as a graphite and a thermosetting resin powder or a rubber powder and a crystalline polyester resin to be added to these in a predetermined amount, The mixture was put into a stirring mixer such as a mixer and uniformly stirred and mixed. The mixture was put into a kneader (heater kneader), heated and kneaded, and the heat-kneaded attenuation material was heated to a temperature of 80 to 150 ° C. Filled into the cylindrical hollow part of the mold, compression molded at a molding pressure of 10 to 100 N / mm 2 , and after compression molding, gradually cooled while maintaining the pressurized state in the cylindrical hollow part of the mold, and then the mold It is manufactured by taking out from the cylindrical hollow part.
円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２を多層に積み重ねてなる円柱体１４を有した免震装置１を製造するには、まず、中央部に円孔を備えた円環状のゴム板等の弾性板２と中央部に円孔を備えた円環状の剛性金属板等からなる薄肉剛性鋼板４とを交互に積層して、その最下面及び最上面に中央部に円孔を備えた環状の剛性金属板等からなる厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６を配置し、型内における加圧下での加硫によりこれらを相互に固定して、中央部に円柱状中空部１１を備えた円筒状の積層弾性体８を作製し、その後、複数個の円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２からなる円柱体１４を円柱状中空部１１に形成すべく、円柱状中空部１１に複数個の円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２を圧入して積層する。減衰体１２の圧入は、円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２が積層弾性体８の内周面１０に対して隙間が生じないようにして、複数個の円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２の夫々を油圧ラム等により円柱状中空部１１に順次押し込んで行う。減衰体１２の圧入後、剪断キー１７を円柱状中空部１１の下端部及び上端部に、その上面１８を最下端に位置する減衰体１２の一端面２０に、その下面１９を減衰体１２の他端面２１に隙間なしに接触させて配し、上下フランジプレート１５及び１６を厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６にそれぞれボルト１３を介して取り付ける。なお、型内における加圧下での加硫による積層弾性体８の形成において、薄肉剛性鋼板４並びに厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６の外周面を覆って、弾性板２からなる弾性層３にゴム等からなる被覆層９が一体的に形成されるようにするとよい。
In order to manufacture the seismic isolation device 1 having the cylindrical body 14 formed by stacking the disk-shaped (disk-shaped) attenuation bodies 12 in multiple layers, first, an annular rubber plate or the like having a circular hole in the center is used. The elastic plate 2 and the thin rigid steel plate 4 made of an annular rigid metal plate or the like having a circular hole in the central portion are alternately laminated, and an annular shape having a circular hole in the central portion on the lowermost surface and the uppermost surface thereof. Thick-walled rigid steel plates 5 and 6 made of a rigid metal plate or the like are arranged, and these are fixed to each other by vulcanization under pressure in a mold, and a cylindrical laminate having a columnar hollow portion 11 at the center. An elastic body 8 is manufactured, and then a plurality of disk-shaped (disk-shaped) attenuation bodies 12 are formed in the cylindrical hollow portion 11 so that a cylindrical body 14 is formed in the cylindrical hollow portion 11. A (disk-shaped) attenuation body 12 is press-fitted and laminated. The press-fitting of the attenuating body 12 is performed so that the disc-shaped (disc-shaped) attenuating body 12 does not have a gap with respect to the inner peripheral surface 10 of the laminated elastic body 8 and a plurality of disc-shaped (disc-shaped) Each of the damping bodies 12 is sequentially pushed into the cylindrical hollow portion 11 by a hydraulic ram or the like. After press-fitting the attenuating body 12, the shear key 17 is placed at the lower end and the upper end of the cylindrical hollow portion 11, the upper surface 18 is placed at one end surface 20 of the attenuating body 12 located at the lowermost end, and the lower surface 19 is placed at the lower end of the damping body 12. The upper and lower flange plates 15 and 16 are attached to the thick-walled rigid steel plates 5 and 6 via bolts 13, respectively. In forming the laminated elastic body 8 by vulcanization under pressure in the mold, rubber or the like is applied to the elastic layer 3 made of the elastic plate 2 so as to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the thin rigid steel plate 4 and the thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6. The covering layer 9 made of may be formed integrally.
免震装置１は、円柱状中空部１１に該円柱状中空部１１の軸方向に沿って多層に積み重ねられた複数個の円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２が圧入されており、振動、衝撃等により基礎３２に対して上部構造物３１が水平方向Ｈに移動されて水平方向Ｈの剪断力を受けた際には、図４に示すように、積層弾性体８と共に減衰体１２が水平方向Ｈに剪断変形して水平方向Ｈの振動エネルギを吸収し、振動、衝撃等の外力を速やかに減衰させることができる。熱伝導性フィラー、黒鉛としての鱗片状黒鉛及び熱硬化性樹脂からなる減衰体材料又はこれらにゴム粉末及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方を含有した減衰体材料から製造した円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２が円柱状中空部１１に多層に積み重ねられ、かつ圧入されてなる円柱体１４を具備した免震装置１は、安定したひずみ依存性、温度依存性及び面圧依存性の特性を有すると共に長時間地震における繰り返し加振に対して安定した性能を有する。
In the seismic isolation device 1, a plurality of disk-shaped (disk-shaped) damping bodies 12 stacked in multiple layers along the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow portion 11 are press-fitted into the cylindrical hollow portion 11, and vibrations are generated. When the upper structure 31 is moved in the horizontal direction H with respect to the base 32 due to an impact or the like and receives a shearing force in the horizontal direction H, as shown in FIG. It is possible to absorb the vibration energy in the horizontal direction H by shear deformation in the horizontal direction H, and to quickly attenuate external forces such as vibration and impact. Disc-shaped (disc) manufactured from an attenuating material made of thermally conductive filler, scaly graphite as graphite and thermosetting resin, or an attenuating material containing at least one of rubber powder and crystalline polyester resin. The seismic isolation device 1 having the cylindrical body 14 formed by stacking the cylindrical body 11 in a multilayered manner in the cylindrical hollow portion 11 and press-fitting it has stable strain dependence, temperature dependence, and surface pressure dependence. It has the characteristics and stable performance against repeated excitation in long-time earthquakes.
実施例１～実施例１０
熱導電性フィラー及び黒鉛としての鱗片状黒鉛及び熱硬化性樹脂としてのフェノール樹脂又はこれらにゴム粉末及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方を表１及び表２に示す配合割合（体積％）に秤量し、これらをミキサーなどの撹拌混合器に投入し、均一に撹拌混合した混合物を１２０℃の温度に加熱したニーダーに投入し、加熱しながら混錬して減衰体材料を作製し、この減衰体材料を１２０℃の温度に加熱した金型の円柱状中空部に充填し、成型圧力６０Ｎ／ｍｍ２で圧縮成形し、圧縮成形後、金型の円柱状中空部で加圧状態を保持しながら減衰体材料を徐冷し、常温まで冷却した後、金型の円柱状中空部から直径φ５０ｍｍ、長さ１０ｍｍの円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２を取り出した。 Examples 1 to 10
At least one of the thermally conductive filler and the scale-like graphite as the graphite and the phenol resin as the thermosetting resin or the rubber powder and the crystalline polyester resin is added to the blending ratio (volume%) shown in Tables 1 and 2. Weighing, putting them into a mixer such as a mixer, putting the uniformly stirred mixture into a kneader heated to a temperature of 120 ° C, kneading while heating to produce a damping material, this damping The body material is filled into a cylindrical hollow part of a mold heated to a temperature of 120 ° C., compression-molded at a molding pressure of 60 N / mm 2 , and after compression molding, the pressurized state is maintained in the cylindrical hollow part of the mold. The material of the attenuating body was gradually cooled and cooled to room temperature, and then a disk-shaped (disc-shaped) attenuatingbody 12 having a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 10 mm was taken out from the cylindrical hollow portion of the mold.
熱導電性フィラー及び黒鉛としての鱗片状黒鉛及び熱硬化性樹脂としてのフェノール樹脂又はこれらにゴム粉末及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方を表１及び表２に示す配合割合（体積％）に秤量し、これらをミキサーなどの撹拌混合器に投入し、均一に撹拌混合した混合物を１２０℃の温度に加熱したニーダーに投入し、加熱しながら混錬して減衰体材料を作製し、この減衰体材料を１２０℃の温度に加熱した金型の円柱状中空部に充填し、成型圧力６０Ｎ／ｍｍ２で圧縮成形し、圧縮成形後、金型の円柱状中空部で加圧状態を保持しながら減衰体材料を徐冷し、常温まで冷却した後、金型の円柱状中空部から直径φ５０ｍｍ、長さ１０ｍｍの円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２を取り出した。 Examples 1 to 10
At least one of the thermally conductive filler and the scale-like graphite as the graphite and the phenol resin as the thermosetting resin or the rubber powder and the crystalline polyester resin is added to the blending ratio (volume%) shown in Tables 1 and 2. Weighing, putting them into a mixer such as a mixer, putting the uniformly stirred mixture into a kneader heated to a temperature of 120 ° C, kneading while heating to produce a damping material, this damping The body material is filled into a cylindrical hollow part of a mold heated to a temperature of 120 ° C., compression-molded at a molding pressure of 60 N / mm 2 , and after compression molding, the pressurized state is maintained in the cylindrical hollow part of the mold. The material of the attenuating body was gradually cooled and cooled to room temperature, and then a disk-shaped (disc-shaped) attenuating
外径が２５０ｍｍで、厚みが１．４ｍｍであって剛性を有する薄肉剛性鋼板４を２３枚と、同じく外径が２５０ｍｍで、厚みが２．０ｍｍであって弾性を有する弾性板（加硫天然ゴム：ゴム剪断弾性率Ｇ＝０．４Ｎ／ｍｍ２）２を２４枚とを交互に積層し、更に、その下面及び上面に、直径７０ｍｍの円形凹所２６及び２８を夫々有すると共に同じく外径が２５０ｍｍで、厚みが２５ｍｍである厚肉剛性鋼板５及び６を配置し、これらを内径２６０ｍｍの型内における加圧下での加硫により相互に固定した高さ１３０．２ｍｍであって、径方向の厚み５ｍｍの円筒状の被覆層９で被覆された積層弾性体（高さ１３０．２ｍｍ、外径２５０ｍｍ）８の中央部の円柱状中空部１１に、直径が５０ｍｍで、厚みが１０ｍｍであって実施例１ないし実施例１０からなる円盤状（円板状）の減衰体１２を１１個積み重ね、かつ隙間なく圧入して図１に示す免震装置１を作製した。
23 thin rigid steel plates 4 having an outer diameter of 250 mm, a thickness of 1.4 mm and rigidity, and an elastic plate having an outer diameter of 250 mm and a thickness of 2.0 mm and having elasticity (vulcanized natural) Rubber: Rubber shear elastic modulus G = 0.4 N / mm 2 ) 2 and 24 sheets are alternately laminated, and further, circular recesses 26 and 28 having a diameter of 70 mm are provided on the lower surface and the upper surface, respectively, and the outer diameter is also the same. Are thick rigid steel plates 5 and 6 having a thickness of 25 mm and are fixed to each other by vulcanization under pressure in a mold having an inner diameter of 260 mm, and the radial direction The cylindrical hollow portion 11 at the center of the laminated elastic body (height 130.2 mm, outer diameter 250 mm) 8 covered with the cylindrical covering layer 9 having a thickness of 5 mm has a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. Examples 1 to Stacking 11 pieces of damping body 12 of disk shape made of 施例 10 (discoid), and to produce a seismic isolation device 1 shown in FIG. 1 by press-fitting without any gaps.
免震装置１の減衰性能、面圧依存性及び降伏荷重維持率については、次の方法により評価した。
The damping performance, surface pressure dependence, and yield load maintenance rate of the seismic isolation device 1 were evaluated by the following methods.
＜減衰性能＞
免震装置１に、鉛直方向に５ＭＰａ、１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの夫々の鉛直面圧Ｐを負荷した状態で水平方向Ｈに０．３３Ｈｚの加振周波数で加振して水平方向剪断変形（±４８ｍｍ＝±１００％剪断歪）を生じさせた。免震装置１の下端に対するその上端の水平方向の変位（横軸δ）と免震装置１の水平方向荷重（水平力）（縦軸Ｑ）との関係（水平復元力特性図）を示す図５において、ヒステリシス曲線（実線）で囲まれた領域の面積ΔＷが大きくなるほど、振動エネルギを多く吸収できることを意味するが、ここでは、水平方向剪断変形、即ち±１００％剪断歪における切片荷重（降伏荷重）Ｑｄ（ヒステリシス曲線が縦軸Ｑと交差する点での水平方向荷重Ｑｄ１及び│Ｑｄ２│を用いて、式：Ｑｄ＝（Ｑｄ１＋│Ｑｄ２│）／２で計算した値）で円柱体１４の減衰性能を評価（切片荷重Ｑｄが大きくなるほど、ヒステリシス曲線で囲まれた領域の面積が広くなり、減衰性能が優れることを示す）した。 <Attenuation performance>
Theseismic isolation device 1 is subjected to horizontal shear deformation (±) by applying a vertical surface pressure P of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa in the vertical direction with a vibration frequency of 0.33 Hz in the horizontal direction H. 48 mm = ± 100% shear strain). The figure which shows the relationship (horizontal restoring force characteristic figure) of the horizontal displacement (horizontal axis (delta)) of the upper end with respect to the lower end of the seismic isolation apparatus 1 and the horizontal load (horizontal force) (vertical axis Q) of the seismic isolation apparatus 1 5, the larger the area ΔW of the region surrounded by the hysteresis curve (solid line), the more vibration energy can be absorbed, but here, the shear load in the horizontal direction, that is, the intercept load (yield at ± 100% shear strain) Load Qd (the value calculated by the formula: Qd = (Qd1 + | Qd2 |) / 2 using the horizontal loads Qd1 and | Qd2 | at the point where the hysteresis curve intersects the vertical axis Q) The damping performance was evaluated (indicating that the larger the intercept load Qd, the larger the area of the region surrounded by the hysteresis curve and the better the damping performance).
免震装置１に、鉛直方向に５ＭＰａ、１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの夫々の鉛直面圧Ｐを負荷した状態で水平方向Ｈに０．３３Ｈｚの加振周波数で加振して水平方向剪断変形（±４８ｍｍ＝±１００％剪断歪）を生じさせた。免震装置１の下端に対するその上端の水平方向の変位（横軸δ）と免震装置１の水平方向荷重（水平力）（縦軸Ｑ）との関係（水平復元力特性図）を示す図５において、ヒステリシス曲線（実線）で囲まれた領域の面積ΔＷが大きくなるほど、振動エネルギを多く吸収できることを意味するが、ここでは、水平方向剪断変形、即ち±１００％剪断歪における切片荷重（降伏荷重）Ｑｄ（ヒステリシス曲線が縦軸Ｑと交差する点での水平方向荷重Ｑｄ１及び│Ｑｄ２│を用いて、式：Ｑｄ＝（Ｑｄ１＋│Ｑｄ２│）／２で計算した値）で円柱体１４の減衰性能を評価（切片荷重Ｑｄが大きくなるほど、ヒステリシス曲線で囲まれた領域の面積が広くなり、減衰性能が優れることを示す）した。 <Attenuation performance>
The
＜面圧依存性＞
免震装置１に、先に示した５ＭＰａ、１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの鉛直面圧（鉛直荷重）Ｐを夫々負荷し、各鉛直面圧Ｐにおける切片荷重Ｑｄを求め、１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの各鉛直面圧Ｐによる切片荷重Ｑｄの変化を、鉛直面圧５ＭＰａの切片荷重Ｑｄを１．００とした比（倍率）で算出して、この比で面圧依存性を評価した。この比が鉛直面圧Ｐの増加に伴って増加する免震装置１は、鉛直面圧Ｐに応じた切片荷重Ｑｄを発生し、支持する荷重の異なる上部構造物に応じた免震効果を発揮できる特性を有することになる。 <Dependence on surface pressure>
Theseismic isolation device 1 is loaded with the vertical surface pressures (vertical loads) P of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa shown above, respectively, and the intercept loads Qd at the respective vertical surface pressures P are obtained. The change in the section load Qd due to the vertical surface pressure P was calculated by a ratio (magnification) with the section load Qd having a vertical surface pressure of 5 MPa as 1.00, and the surface pressure dependency was evaluated by this ratio. The seismic isolation device 1 in which this ratio increases with an increase in the vertical surface pressure P generates an intercept load Qd corresponding to the vertical surface pressure P, and exhibits a seismic isolation effect corresponding to the superstructure with different loads to be supported. It will have the characteristics that can be.
免震装置１に、先に示した５ＭＰａ、１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの鉛直面圧（鉛直荷重）Ｐを夫々負荷し、各鉛直面圧Ｐにおける切片荷重Ｑｄを求め、１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの各鉛直面圧Ｐによる切片荷重Ｑｄの変化を、鉛直面圧５ＭＰａの切片荷重Ｑｄを１．００とした比（倍率）で算出して、この比で面圧依存性を評価した。この比が鉛直面圧Ｐの増加に伴って増加する免震装置１は、鉛直面圧Ｐに応じた切片荷重Ｑｄを発生し、支持する荷重の異なる上部構造物に応じた免震効果を発揮できる特性を有することになる。 <Dependence on surface pressure>
The
面圧依存性の試験結果を示す表１及び表２から分かるように、表１及び表２に示す減衰体材料からなる円柱体１４の夫々を具備した免震装置１は、鉛直面圧Ｐの上昇につれて切片荷重Ｑｄが増加し、具体的には、各鉛直面圧Ｐにおける切片荷重Ｑと鉛直面圧５ＭＰａでの切片荷重との比が、鉛直面圧Ｐが５ＭＰａに対して２倍の１０ＭＰａで、１．２８～１．４８、鉛直面圧Ｐが５ＭＰａに対して３倍の１５ＭＰａで、１．５２～１．９２、そして、鉛直面圧Ｐが５ＭＰａに対して４倍の２０ＭＰａで、１．８２～２．３１となって、鉛直面圧Ｐに応じて切片荷重Ｑｄの値が増加し、鉛直面圧Ｐとなる積載荷重に応じた免震効果を得ることができる。図６は、実施例６の円柱体１４を具備した免震装置１における水平方向の変位δ（ｍｍ）と水平方向荷重（水平力）Ｑ（ｋＮ）との関係である水平復元力特性の試験結果（ヒステリシス曲線）を示す。
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 showing the test results of the surface pressure dependence, the seismic isolation device 1 including each of the cylindrical bodies 14 made of the damping body material shown in Table 1 and Table 2 has a vertical surface pressure P of The intercept load Qd increases as it rises. Specifically, the ratio between the intercept load Q at each vertical surface pressure P and the intercept load at a vertical surface pressure of 5 MPa is 10 MPa, which is twice the vertical surface pressure P with respect to 5 MPa. In the range of 1.28 to 1.48, the vertical surface pressure P is 15 MPa which is 3 times as large as 5 MPa, 1.52 to 1.92, and the vertical surface pressure P is 20 MPa which is 4 times as large as 5 MPa. From 1.82 to 2.31, the value of the intercept load Qd increases according to the vertical surface pressure P, and a seismic isolation effect according to the loaded load that becomes the vertical surface pressure P can be obtained. FIG. 6 is a test of horizontal restoring force characteristics, which is a relationship between a horizontal displacement δ (mm) and a horizontal load (horizontal force) Q (kN) in the seismic isolation device 1 including the cylindrical body 14 of Example 6. A result (hysteresis curve) is shown.
円柱体１４に代えて円柱状の鉛（鉛プラグ）を具備した免震装置における鉛直面圧５ＭＰａでの切片荷重と、鉛直面圧１０ＭＰａ、１５ＭＰａ及び２０ＭＰａの夫々での切片荷重との比は、鉛直面圧１０ＭＰａで１．０２、鉛直面圧１５ＭＰａで１．０４、そして、鉛直面圧２０ＭＰａで１．０６であり、鉛プラグを具備した免震装置では、支持する荷重が異なっても、切片荷重が殆ど変化せず、荷重の異なる上部構造物に応じた免震効果を発揮する面圧依存性の観点から、斯かる鉛プラグを圧入した免震装置は、本例の免震装置１よりも劣っている。
The ratio between the intercept load at a vertical surface pressure of 5 MPa and the intercept load at each of the vertical surface pressures of 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa in a seismic isolation device having a cylindrical lead (lead plug) instead of the cylindrical body 14 is as follows: The vertical surface pressure is 1.02 at a pressure of 10 MPa, 1.04 at a pressure of 15 MPa, and 1.06 at a pressure of 20 MPa. From the standpoint of surface pressure dependence that exhibits a seismic isolation effect according to the superstructure with different loads, the seismic isolation device in which such a lead plug is press-fitted is from the seismic isolation device 1 of this example. Is also inferior.
＜加振回数とエネルギ吸収性能の維持率（降伏荷重維持率）＞
免震装置１に、（１）水平方向変形率１００％、０．１Ｈｚ及び（２）水平方向変形率３００％、０．３３Ｈｚの繰り返し加振を行い、エネルギ吸収性能の維持率を降伏荷重維持率（＝Ｑｄｎ／Ｑｄ１、ここで、Ｑｄ１は、一回目の加振での切片荷重Ｑｄの値であって、Ｑｄｎは、ｎ回目の加振での切片荷重Ｑｄの値）として求める試験を行った。 <Number of vibrations and energy absorption performance maintenance rate (yield load maintenance rate)>
Theseismic isolation device 1 is subjected to repeated excitation of (1) horizontal deformation rate of 100%, 0.1 Hz and (2) horizontal deformation rate of 300%, 0.33 Hz to maintain the yield rate of energy absorption performance. A test is performed to obtain a ratio (= Qdn / Qd1, where Qd1 is the value of the intercept load Qd at the first excitation, and Qdn is the value of the intercept load Qd at the nth excitation) It was.
免震装置１に、（１）水平方向変形率１００％、０．１Ｈｚ及び（２）水平方向変形率３００％、０．３３Ｈｚの繰り返し加振を行い、エネルギ吸収性能の維持率を降伏荷重維持率（＝Ｑｄｎ／Ｑｄ１、ここで、Ｑｄ１は、一回目の加振での切片荷重Ｑｄの値であって、Ｑｄｎは、ｎ回目の加振での切片荷重Ｑｄの値）として求める試験を行った。 <Number of vibrations and energy absorption performance maintenance rate (yield load maintenance rate)>
The
水平方向変形率１００％及び周波数０．１Ｈｚの４サイクルの加振試験では、図７に示す試験結果から、実施例９と比較例１及び２との免震装置に性能の大きな差は見られなかったが、水平方向変形率３００％及び周波数０．３３Ｈｚの１０サイクルの加振試験では、図８に示す試験結果から、実施例９の免震装置１は、降伏荷重変化率が小さく、長時間地震における繰り返し加振に対して性能が安定していることが分かる。
In the 4-cycle excitation test with a horizontal deformation rate of 100% and a frequency of 0.1 Hz, a large difference in performance is seen in the seismic isolation devices of Example 9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 from the test results shown in FIG. However, in the 10-cycle vibration test with a horizontal deformation rate of 300% and a frequency of 0.33 Hz, the seismic isolation device 1 of Example 9 has a low yield load change rate and a long length from the test results shown in FIG. It can be seen that the performance is stable against repeated excitation in time earthquakes.
試験において使用した比較例１の免震装置は、積層弾性体８の中央部の円柱状中空部１１に円柱体１４に代えて鉛プラグを圧入した免震装置であり、比較例２の免震装置は、鉛プラグの代わりに、熱導電性フィラー、鱗片状黒鉛、加硫ゴム粉末、結晶性ポリエステル樹脂及びクマロン樹脂からなる減衰体材料を圧縮成形して得られる円柱体を圧入した免震装置である。
The seismic isolation device of Comparative Example 1 used in the test is a seismic isolation device in which a lead plug is press-fitted into the cylindrical hollow portion 11 at the center of the laminated elastic body 8 instead of the cylindrical body 14. The device is a seismic isolation device that press-fits a cylindrical body obtained by compression molding an attenuating material made of thermally conductive filler, scaly graphite, vulcanized rubber powder, crystalline polyester resin and coumarone resin instead of lead plugs. It is.
なお、円柱状中空部１１に一個の減衰体１２からなる円柱体１４を隙間なく圧入した免震装置１でも、上記と同様の効果が得られることを確認した。
In addition, it was confirmed that the same effect as described above was obtained even in the seismic isolation device 1 in which the cylindrical body 14 composed of one attenuation body 12 was pressed into the cylindrical hollow portion 11 without a gap.
１ 免震装置
２ 弾性板
３ 弾性層
４ 薄肉剛性鋼板
５、６ 厚肉剛性鋼板
７ 剛性層
８ 積層弾性体
９ 被覆層
１０ 内周面
１１ 円柱状中空部
１２ 減衰体
１４ 円柱体 DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 Seismic isolation device 2 Elastic plate 3 Elastic layer 4 Thin rigid steel plate 5, 6 Thick rigid steel plate 7 Rigid layer 8 Laminated elastic body 9 Covering layer 10 Inner peripheral surface 11 Cylindrical hollow part 12 Attenuator 14 Cylindrical body
２ 弾性板
３ 弾性層
４ 薄肉剛性鋼板
５、６ 厚肉剛性鋼板
７ 剛性層
８ 積層弾性体
９ 被覆層
１０ 内周面
１１ 円柱状中空部
１２ 減衰体
１４ 円柱体 DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (10)
- 剛性層及び弾性層が交互に積層されてなる積層弾性体と、少なくともこの積層弾性体の内周面で規定された少なくとも一つの柱状中空部に配された減衰体からなる柱体とを備えており、減衰体は、熱伝導性フィラーと黒鉛と熱硬化性樹脂とを含んでいる免震装置。 A laminated elastic body in which a rigid layer and an elastic layer are alternately laminated, and a columnar body formed of an attenuation body disposed in at least one columnar hollow portion defined by at least the inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body. The damping body includes a heat conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin.
- 剛性層及び弾性層が交互に積層されてなる積層弾性体と、少なくともこの積層弾性体の内周面で規定された少なくとも一つの柱状中空部に配されていると共に柱状中空部の軸方向に積層された複数個の減衰体からなる柱体とを備えており、各減衰体は、熱伝導性フィラーと黒鉛と熱硬化性樹脂とを含んでいる免震装置。 A laminated elastic body in which rigid layers and elastic layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar hollow defined by the inner peripheral surface of the laminated elastic body, and laminated in the axial direction of the columnar hollow And a columnar body made of a plurality of damping bodies, each damping body including a thermally conductive filler, graphite, and a thermosetting resin.
- 減衰体は、熱伝導フィラー３５～７０体積％と、黒鉛５～５０体積％と、熱硬化性樹脂１０～３０体積％とを含んでいる請求項１又は２に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the damping body includes 35 to 70% by volume of heat conductive filler, 5 to 50% by volume of graphite, and 10 to 30% by volume of thermosetting resin.
- 熱伝導フィラーは、金属酸化物、金属窒化物、金属炭化物及び金属水酸化物の粒子のうちの一種若しくは二種以上を含んでいる請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thermally conductive filler includes one or more of metal oxide, metal nitride, metal carbide, and metal hydroxide particles. .
- 黒鉛は、人造黒鉛及び天然黒鉛のうちの少なくとも一方からなる請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の免震装置。 5. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the graphite is made of at least one of artificial graphite and natural graphite.
- 熱硬化性樹脂は、フェノール樹脂を含んでいる請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thermosetting resin contains a phenol resin.
- 減衰体は、ゴム粉末及び結晶性ポリエステル樹脂のうちの少なくとも一方を更に含んでいる請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the attenuation body further includes at least one of rubber powder and crystalline polyester resin.
- 減衰体は、ゴム粉末４０体積％以下と結晶性ポリエステル樹脂２５体積％以下とのうちの少なくとも一方を含んでいる請求項７に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to claim 7, wherein the damping body includes at least one of 40% by volume or less of rubber powder and 25% by volume or less of crystalline polyester resin.
- ゴム粉末は、加硫ゴム粉末及びシリコーンゴム粉末のうちの少なくとも一方からなる請求項７又は８に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the rubber powder comprises at least one of a vulcanized rubber powder and a silicone rubber powder.
- 柱体は、積層弾性体と共に積層方向の荷重をも支持するようになっている請求項１から９のいずれか一項に記載の免震装置。 The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the column body supports the load in the stacking direction together with the stacked elastic body.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020177014349A KR102399782B1 (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-11-24 | Seismic isolation apparatus |
| CN201580064911.3A CN107002813B (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-11-24 | Shock isolation device |
| EP15864148.0A EP3225876A4 (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-11-24 | Seismic isolation device |
| US15/528,715 US20170268225A1 (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-11-24 | Seismic isolation apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2014-241300 | 2014-11-28 | ||
| JP2014241300 | 2014-11-28 | ||
| JP2015001197A JP6693698B2 (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-01-06 | Seismic isolation device |
| JP2015-001197 | 2015-01-06 |
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| WO2016084363A1 true WO2016084363A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
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| PCT/JP2015/005831 WO2016084363A1 (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-11-24 | Seismic isolation device |
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| KR (1) | KR102399782B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016084363A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108679158A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-10-19 | 西南科技大学 | Earthquake isolating equipment and cultural relics display case |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102081921B1 (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-26 | 손석환 | Hollow elastic resin isolation switchboard of composite modular type |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102399782B1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
| KR20170087893A (en) | 2017-07-31 |
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