WO2016082273A1 - 一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法 - Google Patents

一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法 Download PDF

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WO2016082273A1
WO2016082273A1 PCT/CN2014/095171 CN2014095171W WO2016082273A1 WO 2016082273 A1 WO2016082273 A1 WO 2016082273A1 CN 2014095171 W CN2014095171 W CN 2014095171W WO 2016082273 A1 WO2016082273 A1 WO 2016082273A1
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update
dns
key
network
mipv6
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French (fr)
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延志伟
胡安磊
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中国科学院计算机网络信息中心
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/45Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
    • H04L61/4505Network directories; Name-to-address mapping using standardised directories; using standardised directory access protocols
    • H04L61/4511Network directories; Name-to-address mapping using standardised directories; using standardised directory access protocols using domain name system [DNS]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50Address allocation
    • H04L61/5076Update or notification mechanisms, e.g. DynDNS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/618Details of network addresses
    • H04L2101/659Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] addresses
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50Address allocation
    • H04L61/5007Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/503Internet protocol [IP] addresses using an authentication, authorisation and accounting [AAA] protocol, e.g. remote authentication dial-in user service [RADIUS] or Diameter

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of Domain Name System (DNS), and particularly relates to a network-based DNS security update method in MIPv6.
  • DNS Domain Name System
  • DNS Domain Name System
  • DDNS Dynamic Domain Name System
  • RFC2136 Dynamic Domain Name System
  • RFC4704 defines how the client (client) and server (Server) negotiate and operate the DNS update of the node in the DHCPv6 environment. This standard also becomes an important part of how DNS dynamic update deploys applications in the actual network. Basic agreement.
  • the IETF proposed a corresponding extension to the mobile Internet's basic mobile support protocol, Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), which supports MN's DNS dynamic update, namely RFC5026.
  • MIPv6 Mobile IPv6
  • RFC 5026 assumes that the AAAA and PTR records of the MN are all completed by the Home Agent (HA).
  • the MN informs the HA of the fully qualified domain name/full name domain name (Fully Qualified Domain Name) to the HA through the DNS Update Mobility Option. , FQDN) information.
  • FQDN DNS Update Mobility Option
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and propose a network-based DNS security update method in MIPv6, which supports efficient DNS update operation and ensures DNS update security in the MIPv6 environment.
  • a network-based DNS security update method in MIPv6, comprising the following steps:
  • the MN accesses the MIPv6 network, and receives new prefix information from the access router (AR) to configure a new care-of address;
  • the MN sends a BU (Binding Upate) message to the HA for binding update.
  • the BU message (in addition to the MIPv6 basic option) includes a DNS Update mobility option and a DNSKEY mobility option, the DNSKEY mobility option including an AAAA record. Update key information;
  • the HA After receiving the BU message, the HA extracts and stores the FQDN information corresponding to the MN and the AAAA record update key information, and performs dynamic dynamic update on the MN's AAAA record and PTR (Pointer Recore) record (that is, only authenticated) The user can update the records in the DNS zone).
  • PTR Pointer Recore
  • step 1-1) further includes acquiring a new Home Address (HoA), which is an AAAA record recorded on a DNS server.
  • HoA Home Address
  • the step 1-1) further includes the HA notifying the MN to reconfigure the HoA, and the HoA is the AAAA record recorded on the DNS server.
  • the MN receives the new prefix information and the new HoA by using the Router Solicitation (RS/Router Advertisement, RA).
  • R/Router Advertisement RA
  • step 1-2 by adding a 1-bit flag bit in the BU message, it indicates that the BU message includes an option to carry the AAAA record update key.
  • the present invention further includes the following steps:
  • the MN sends a BU message containing only the DNS Update mobility option to the HA;
  • the HA performs dynamic dynamic update on the AAAA record and the PTR record of the MN according to the AAAA record update key corresponding to the cached MN (ie, the AAAA record update key information in step 1-3).
  • the present invention further includes the following steps:
  • the MN After the MN's AAAA record update key is changed, the MN synchronizes by sending a BU message containing only the DNSKEY mobility option to the HA;
  • the HA receives the BU message and replaces the existing AAAA record update key with the new AAAA record update key.
  • the present invention passes the MN's AAAA update key to the HA through the MIPv6 signaling message, thereby ensuring the security of the AAAA record and the PTR record update;
  • the present invention enables the MN's DNS update operation to be undertaken by the HA to improve the efficiency of the update operation and to support DNS dynamic update of large-scale nodes.
  • the operation flow of the present invention is completely backward compatible with the update operation defined in RFC5026. .
  • Figure 1 shows the extended BU message format of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows the key option defined by the present invention - the DNSKEY mobile option format.
  • FIG. 3 shows the DNS update procedure in PMIPv6 of the present invention.
  • the present invention adds a 1-bit flag bit, S, to the MIPv6 signaling message, indicating that the signaling message includes an option to carry the AAAA record update key.
  • S a 1-bit flag bit
  • S the format of the extended Binding Upate (BU) message is shown in Figure 1.
  • the S flag When the S flag is set to 1, it indicates that the BU message contains an option to carry the AAAA record update key.
  • the BU message contains both the DNS Update mobility option and the DNSKEY mobility option defined by RFC 5026, it indicates that the HA needs to perform dynamic dynamic update for the MN's AAAA and PTR records;
  • the MN includes only the DNS Update mobility option defined in RFC 5026 and no DNSKEY mobility option in the BU, it means that the MN default HA is dynamically updated for it without security requirements;
  • the HA replaces the existing key of the corresponding MN with the new key.
  • TLV Type-Length-Value
  • DNSKEY indicates that the type of this mobility option is DNSKEY
  • Length indicates the length of the option of the 8-byte unit containing the type (DNSKEY) and length (Length) fields. HA ignores the option to take a value of 0;
  • Pad Length the length of the padding after the key information
  • This 8bits field indicates the type of key algorithm used for dynamic update of the AAAA record of the DNS;
  • Lifetime indicates the valid lifetime of the key.
  • the HA caches the key accordingly, and deletes it after expiration, so that the MN does not need to include the mobile option in the BU message every time, thereby saving protocol overhead and reducing Small leak risk.
  • the MN updates the key, it is synchronized to the HA by sending this key option separately;
  • the Padding field is considered for the alignment requirement of the MIPv6 signaling message, and takes a value of zero. There is no practical meaning.
  • the present invention stipulates that the AAAA and PTR records in the MIPv6 are performed by the HA by default, and the MN notifies the HA of the required FQDN information and the AAAA update key (how the MN obtains the dynamic update key is not within the scope of the present invention) .
  • the specific operation is shown in Figure 3.
  • R/Router Advertisement RA
  • HoA Home Address
  • the AAAA record recorded on the DNS server is the HoA of the MN. Therefore, in the case of initial access to the network or due to home network renumbering and other reasons causing HoA changes, it is necessary to update the MN's DNS entry in real time to ensure its domain name reachability.
  • the MN then sends a BU message to the HA for binding update. Because the DNS entry needs to be updated, the MN carries the DNS Update mobility option and the DNSKEY mobility option in the BU message to indicate that the HA performs AAAA recording on its behalf. Update
  • the HA fetches and stores the FQDN corresponding to the MN and the dynamically updated key information
  • the HA initiates a DNS security dynamic update operation according to the information provided by the MN, and performs dynamic dynamic update of the MN's AAAA and PTR records.
  • the MN Due to reasons such as renumbering of the home network, the MN receives the new home prefix information and reconfigures the HoA;
  • the MN needs to update its DNS entry accordingly, and then sends a BU message to the HA. Since the HA has previously cached the update key of the MN, the BU only includes the DNS Update mobility option.
  • the HA performs an update operation on the AAAA and the PTR of the MN according to the corresponding update key of the cached MN.
  • the MN may synchronize by sending a BU containing only the DNSKEY mobility option to the HA;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,在MIPv6的绑定更新(BU)中增加了新的选项,用于包含进行AAAA记录更新的密钥信息,并规定了该选项的使用规则;通过MIPv6信令消息将MN的AAAA更新密钥传递给HA,保证了AAAA记录和PTR记录更新的安全性。本发明使MN的DNS更新操作均由HA承担,以提高更新操作的效率,并可支持大规模节点的DNS动态更新,此外,本发明的操作流程完全向后兼容RFC5026中定义的更新操作。

Description

一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法 技术领域
本发明属于域名系统(Domain Name System,DNS)技术领域,具体涉及一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法。
背景技术
域名系统(Domain Name System,DNS)作为互联网最核心的基础服务,为大部分互联网应用提供了最基本的功能支撑。
但是在日益蓬勃的移动互联网发展趋势下,如何解决移动节点(Mobile Node,MN)的DNS信息动态更新是移动互联网领域的重要课题。为此,Internet工程任务组(Internet Engineering Task Force,IETF)针对IP地址发生变化的主机提出动态域名系统(Dynamic Domain Name System,DDNS)协议——RFC2136,DDNS将用户的动态IP地址映射到一个固定的域名服务器上,用户每次连接网络的时候,客户端程序就会把该主机的动态IP地址传送给服务器,服务负责更新DNS记录。为了保证更新过程的安全性,IETF提出了保障DDNS安全的机制——RFC3007。基于RFC2136和RFC3007,RFC4704定义了DHCPv6环境中,客户端(Client)和服务器端(Server)如何就节点的DNS更新进行协商以及操作,该标准也成为DNS动态更新如何在实际网络中部署应用的重要基础协议。
同时,IETF对移动互联网的基本移动支持协议——移动IPv6(Mobile IPv6,MIPv6)如何支持MN的DNS动态更新提出了相应的扩展,即RFC5026。然而,RFC5026假设MN的AAAA和PTR记录均由家乡代理(HomeAgent,HA)完成,MN通过DNS Update移动选项(DNS Update Mobility Option),向HA通告MN的完全合格域名/全称域名(Fully Qualified Domain Name,FQDN)信息。但该机制并没有解决HA如何获得AAAA记录安全更新所需密钥信息的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题,提出一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,在MIPv6环境中支持高效的DNS更新操作并保证DNS更新的安全。
为了实现上述目的,本发明具体技术方案如下:
一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,包括以下步骤:
1-1)MN接入MIPv6网络,从接入路由器(Access Router,AR)接收新的前缀信息以配置新的转交地址;
1-2)MN向HA发送BU(Binding Upate)消息进行绑定更新,所述BU消息中(除了MIPv6基本的选项外)包含DNS Update移动选项和DNSKEY移动选项,所述DNSKEY移动选项包含AAAA记录更新密钥信息;
1-3)HA接收到BU消息之后,提取并存储该MN对应的FQDN信息以及AAAA记录更新密钥信息,对MN的AAAA记录和PTR(Pointer Recore)记录进行安全动态更新(即只有经过身份验证的用户才能够更新DNS区域中的记录)。
进一步地,对于初次接入MIPv6网络的MN,步骤1-1)还包括获取新的家乡地址(Home Address,HoA),所述HoA是在DNS服务器(DNS server)上记录的AAAA记录。
进一步地,如果MN的家乡网络前缀发生变化,步骤1-1)中还包括HA向MN进行通告,使MN重新配置HoA,所述HoA是在DNS服务器上记录的AAAA记录。
进一步地,步骤1-1)中,MN通过和AR交互路由器请求/路由器通告(Router Solicitation,RS/RouterAdvertisement,RA)接收新的前缀信息和新的HoA。
进一步地,步骤1-2)中,通过在BU消息中增加1比特的标志位,表明BU消息中包含了携带AAAA记录更新密钥的选项。
进一步地,本发明还包括以下步骤:
2-1)MN向HA发送仅包含DNS Update移动选项的BU消息;
2-2)HA根据缓存的MN对应的AAAA记录更新密钥(即步骤1-3)中所述AAAA记录更新密钥信息),对MN的AAAA记录和PTR记录进行安全动态更新。
进一步地,本发明还包括以下步骤:
3-1)当MN的AAAA记录更新密钥发生变更之后,MN通过向HA发送仅包含DNSKEY移动选项的BU消息进行同步;
3-2)HA接收上述BU消息,用新的AAAA记录更新密钥替换已有的AAAA记录更新密钥。
本发明的有益效果如下:
1)考虑到MN和HA可能分别具有AAAA记录和PTR记录更新的密钥,本发明通过MIPv6信令消息将MN的AAAA更新密钥传递给HA,保证了AAAA记录和PTR记录更新的安全性;
2)在MIPv6的绑定更新(Binding Update,BU)中增加了新的选项,用于包含进行AAAA记录更新的密钥信息,并规定了该选项的使用规则;
3)本发明使MN的DNS更新操作均由HA承担,以提高更新操作的效率,并可支持大规模节点的DNS动态更新,此外,本发明的操作流程完全向后兼容RFC5026中定义的更新操作。
附图说明
图1显示本发明扩展的BU消息格式。
图2显示本发明定义的密钥选项——DNSKEY移动选项格式。
图3显示本发明PMIPv6中的DNS更新过程。
具体实施方式
本发明在MIPv6的信令消息中增加了1比特的标志位——S,用于指示此信令消息中包含携带AAAA记录更新密钥的选项。扩展的绑定更新(Binding Upate,BU)消息格式如图1所示。
当S标志位置为1时,表明BU消息中包含了携带AAAA记录更新密钥的选项。
本发明定义的密钥选项——DNSKEY移动选项格式如图2所示。
此选项的使用规则如下:
1)如果BU消息中同时包含RFC5026所定义的DNS Update移动选项和DNSKEY移动选项,表明HA需要为MN的AAAA和PTR记录进行安全动态更新;
2)如果MN在BU中仅包含RFC5026所定义的DNS Update移动选项而没有DNSKEY移动选项,则表示MN默认HA为其进行动态更新,而没有安全需求;
3)如果BU消息中仅包含DNSKEY移动选项而没有RFC5026所定义的DNS Update移动选项,则表示MN产生了新的更新密钥,那么HA就用此新密钥替换对应MN的已有密钥。
该选项采用类型-长度-值(Type-Length-Value,TLV)格式,各字段意义如下:
1)DNSKEY:表示此移动选项的类型为DNSKEY;
2)Length:表示包含类型(DNSKEY)和长度(Length)字段的8字节单位的选项长度。HA忽略取值为0的选项;
3)Pad Length:密钥信息之后的padding长度;
4)Algorithm:此8bits字段表示DNS的AAAA记录动态更新所使用的密钥算法类型;
5)Lifetime:表示此密钥的有效生存期,HA依此缓存该密钥,过期后对其进行删除,这样MN就不必每次都在BU消息中包含此移动选项,从而节省协议开销并减小泄密风险。但是当MN更新密钥之后,要通过单独发送此密钥选项来向HA进行同步;
6)DNS Update Key:此可变长度字段用于存放MN的DNS安全动态更新密钥;
7)Padding:Padding字段是出于对MIPv6信令消息的对齐要求的考虑,其取值为0。没有实际含义。
本发明规定,MIPv6中的AAAA和PTR记录在默认情况下均由HA执行,而由MN向HA通告所需要的FQDN信息和AAAA更新密钥(MN如何获得动态更新密钥不在本发明规范范围)。具体操作如图3所示。
更新操作流程的具体解释如下:
1)DNS安全动态更新初始操作:
a)对于初次接入MIPv6网络的MN,除了在和接入路由器(Access Router)建立连接,并通过和AR交互路由器请求/路由器通告(Router Solicitation,RS/Router Advertisement,RA)接收新的前缀信息以配置新的转交地址外,还需要获取新的家乡地址(Home Address,HoA)。为了保证MN在移动过程中上层应用的连续性以及其DNS记录信息的稳定性,在DNS服务器上记录的AAAA记录即为MN的HoA。因此,在初次接入网络或由于家乡网络renumbering以及其他原因引起HoA变更的情况下,需要实时更新MN的DNS条目,以保证其域名可达性。
b)根据本发明,MN随即向HA发送BU消息进行绑定更新,由于需要对DNS条目进行更新,MN在BU消息中携带DNS Update移动选项和DNSKEY移动选项,以示让HA代其进行AAAA记录的更新;
c)HA接收到BU消息之后,取出并存储该MN对应的FQDN以及动态更新的密钥信息;
d)HA根据MN提供的信息,发起DNS安全动态更新操作,对MN的AAAA和PTR记录进行安全动态更新。
2)DNS安全动态更新简化操作:
a)由于家乡网络renumbering等原因,MN接收到新的家乡前缀信息,重新配置HoA;
b)MN需要对其DNS条目进行相应的更新,于是向HA发送BU消息,由于HA之前缓存了MN的更新密钥,此时BU仅包含DNS Update移动选项;
c)HA根据缓存的MN的对应更新密钥,对MN的AAAA和PTR进行更新操作。
3)DNS动态更新密钥同步:
a)当MN的更新密钥发生变更之后,MN可以通过向HA发送仅包含DNSKEY移动选项的BU进行同步;
b)接收到此BU的HA,首先用新的密钥替换既有的密钥,由于没有在BU中发现DNS Update移动选项,HA无需对MN的DNS记录进行更新。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,包括以下步骤:
    1-1)MN接入MIPv6网络,从接入路由器接收新的前缀信息以配置新的转交地址;
    1-2)MN向HA发送BU消息进行绑定更新,所述BU消息中包含DNS Update移动选项和DNSKEY移动选项,所述DNSKEY移动选项包含AAAA记录更新密钥信息;
    1-3)HA接收到BU消息之后,提取并存储该MN对应的FQDN信息以及AAAA记录更新密钥信息,对MN的AAAA记录和PTR记录进行安全动态更新。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,对于初次接入MIPv6网络的MN,步骤1-1)还包括获取新的HoA,所述HoA是在DNS服务器上记录的AAAA记录。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,如果MN的家乡网络前缀发生变化,步骤1-1)中还包括HA向MN进行通告,使MN重新配置HoA,所述HoA是在DNS服务器上记录的AAAA记录。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,步骤1-1)中,MN通过和接入路由器交互路由器请求/路由器通告接收新的前缀信息和新的HoA。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,步骤1-2)中,通过在BU消息中增加1比特的标志位,表明BU消息中包含了携带AAAA记录更新密钥的选项。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤:
    2-1)MN向HA发送仅包含DNS Update移动选项的BU消息;
    2-2)HA根据缓存的MN对应的AAAA记录更新密钥,对MN的AAAA记录和PTR记录进行安全动态更新。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤:
    3-1)当MN的AAAA记录更新密钥发生变更之后,MN通过向HA发送仅包含DNSKEY移动选项的BU消息进行同步;
    3-2)HA接收上述BU消息,用新的AAAA记录更新密钥替换已有的AAAA记录更新密钥。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的MIPv6中基于网络的DNS安全更新方法,其特征在于,所述DNSKEY移动选项采用类型-长度-值格式,包括:
    1)DNSKEY,表示此移动选项的类型为DNSKEY;
    2)Length,表示包含类型和长度字段的8字节单位的选项长度,HA忽略取值为0的选项;
    3)Pad Length,表示密钥信息之后的padding长度;
    4)Algorithm,此8bits字段表示DNS的AAAA记录动态更新所使用的密钥算法类型;
    5)Lifetime,表示此密钥的有效生存期,HA依此缓存该密钥,过期后对其进行删除;
    6)DNS Update Key,此可变长度字段用于存放MN的DNS安全动态更新密钥;
    7)Padding,取值为0。
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