WO2016077425A1 - Fût pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Fût pour moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016077425A1
WO2016077425A1 PCT/US2015/060096 US2015060096W WO2016077425A1 WO 2016077425 A1 WO2016077425 A1 WO 2016077425A1 US 2015060096 W US2015060096 W US 2015060096W WO 2016077425 A1 WO2016077425 A1 WO 2016077425A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
barrel
intake
exhaust
engine
ports
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/060096
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Hofbauer
Adrian N. TUSINEAN
Christian DALEA
Original Assignee
Ecomotors, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ecomotors, Inc. filed Critical Ecomotors, Inc.
Publication of WO2016077425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016077425A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/24—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B7/00—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F01B7/02—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with oppositely reciprocating pistons
    • F01B7/04—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with oppositely reciprocating pistons acting on same main shaft
    • F01B7/06—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with oppositely reciprocating pistons acting on same main shaft using only connecting-rods for conversion of reciprocatory into rotary motion or vice versa
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/28—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F02F1/186—Other cylinders for use in engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F02F1/22—Other cylinders characterised by having ports in cylinder wall for scavenging or charging

Definitions

  • cylinder distortion which may generally occur as cylinder temperatures increase.
  • Some cylinders are machined with a non-circular shape so that when the engine is operating at typical operating temperatures the cylinder attains a circular shape, thereby resulting in low friction and wear during such operating conditions.
  • Such measures are imperfect, however, as they are generally targeted for a particular operating
  • the shape of the cylinder bore may accordingly deviate from the circular shape during operation outside of this temperature range, e.g., such as during cold start, warmup, and/or atypical high-temperature operating conditions such as when high torque is requested for long durations.
  • variations in cylinder thickness along the length of the cylinder, and/or between two or more cylinders in a multiple- cylinder engine may result in non-uniform cylinder distortion which can negatively impact benefits gained by such cylinder machining. Accordingly, avoiding such cylinder thickness variations is desirable.
  • a cylinder undergoing temperature changes during operation of the engine may also change in length.
  • stresses can be induced in the cylinder. Avoiding such cylinder stresses is therefore also desirable.
  • the present invention may comprise one or more of the features recited in the attached claims, and/or any one or more combinations thereof.
  • an internal combustion engine in which the cylinders are individually formed, such as in some opposed-piston engines, opportunities for avoiding cylinder distortion are available.
  • the term "cylinder barrel” or “barrel” should be understood to mean, and refer to, a structure, such as a casting and/or machined component, which contains and/or in which is formed, a cylinder of a reciprocating-piston, internal combustion engine.
  • an internal combustion engine may comprise an elongated, hollow cylinder barrel having an intake end and an exhaust end opposite the intake end, the barrel defining a plurality of intake ports therethrough and a plurality of exhaust ports therethrough each extending at least partially about a circumference of the barrel between the intake and exhaust ends with the plurality of intake ports spaced longitudinally apart from the plurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust manifold received on and circumferentially engaging an outer surface of the barrel, the exhaust manifold having at least one inlet opening fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality exhaust ports and at least one outlet opening, the exhaust manifold defining a first internal volume between the at least one inlet opening and the outlet opening thereof, and an intake manifold received on and circumferentially engaging the outer surface of the barrel, the intake manifold having at least one outlet opening fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality of intake ports and at least one inlet opening, the intake manifold defining a second internal volume between the at least one inlet opening
  • a second example aspect includes the subject matter of the first example aspect and further comprises a first projection arranged circumferentially on and extending radially outwardly from an outer surface of the barrel adjacent to the plurality of exhaust ports, and a second projection arranged circumferentially on and extending radially outwardly from the outer surface of the barrel adjacent to the plurality of intake ports, and wherein the exhaust manifold abuts the first projection and the intake manifold abuts the second projection.
  • a third example aspect includes the subject matter of the second example aspect and wherein the exhaust manifold is slidingly received onto the exhaust end of the barrel and into contact with the first projection, and the intake manifold is slidingly received onto the intake end of the barrel and into contact with the second projection.
  • a fourth example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the first through third example aspects and further comprises an exhaust end piece at the exhaust end of the barrel, and an intake end piece at the intake end of the barrel, the intake end piece secured to the exhaust end piece.
  • a fifth example aspect includes the subject matter of the fourth example aspect and wherein the exhaust end piece is received over the exhaust end and about the barrel adjacent to the exhaust end, and the intake end piece is received over the intake end and about the barrel adjacent to the intake end.
  • a sixth example aspect includes the subject matter of the fifth example aspect and wherein one of the outer surface of the barrel and the inner surface of the intake end piece defines a first circumferential channel therein, and wherein one of the outer surface of the barrel and the inner surface of the exhaust end piece defines a second circumferential channel therein, and the engine further comprises a first sealing member disposed in the first circumferential channel, the first sealing member forming a seal between the outer surface of the barrel and the inner surface of the intake end piece, a second sealing member disposed in the second circumferential channel and forming a second seal between the outer surface of the barrel and the inner surface of the exhaust end piece, a first opening defined in one of the intake end portion and the exhaust end portion, a second opening defined in the barrel, the first opening aligned with the second opening, and a pin extending into the first and second openings.
  • a seventh example aspect includes the subject matter of the fifth example aspect and wherein the outer surface of the barrel defines first and second
  • the engine further comprises a first sealing member disposed between the first shoulder and the fourth shoulder, the first sealing member forming a seal between the barrel and the exhaust end piece, and a second sealing member disposed between the second shoulder and the third shoulder, the second sealing member forming a seal between the barrel and the intake end piece.
  • An eighth example aspect includes the subject matter of the seventh example aspect and wherein the first and second sealing members comprise first and second sealing springs respectively, the first and second sealing springs together suspending the barrel between the intake and exhaust end pieces to thereby allow the barrel to float relative to the intake and exhaust end pieces.
  • a ninth example aspect includes the subject matter of the fourth example aspect and wherein the intake end piece comprises a first portion of a crankcase, and wherein the engine further comprises an end cap received over and engaging the exhaust end piece.
  • a tenth example aspect includes the subject matter of the fourth example aspect and wherein the exhaust end piece comprises a first portion of a crankcase, and wherein the engine further comprises an end cap received over and engaging the intake end piece.
  • An eleventh example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the first through tenth example aspects and wherein the cylinder barrel defines therein a plurality of coolant passages between the outer surface and an inner surface thereof and between the plurality of intake ports and the plurality of exhaust ports.
  • a twelfth example aspect includes the subject matter of the eleventh example aspect and further comprises at least a first coolant opening adjacent to the plurality of intake ports and extending from the outer surface of the barrel into at least one of the plurality of coolant passages.
  • a thirteenth example aspect includes the subject matter of either of the eleventh and the twelfth example aspects and further comprises at least a second coolant opening adjacent to the plurality of exhaust ports and extending from the outer surface of the barrel into at least one of the plurality of coolant passages.
  • a fourteenth example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the eleventh through thirteenth example aspects and wherein the barrel defines bridges between each of the plurality of exhaust ports, and wherein at least one of the plurality of coolant passages extend through at least one of the bridges.
  • a fifteenth example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the eleventh through fourteenth example aspects and wherein each of the plurality of coolant passages is helically-shaped.
  • a sixteenth example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the first through fifteenth example aspects and wherein the barrel defines a first fuel opening through the outer surface thereof and extending into an interior of the barrel and the engine further comprises a first fuel injector mounted to the barrel in fluid
  • a seventeenth example aspect includes the subject matter of the sixteenth example aspect and wherein the barrel further comprises a first injector pocket in communication with the first fuel opening and extending radially away from the outer surface of the barrel, the first injector pocket configured to receive the first fuel injector therein.
  • An eighteenth example aspect includes the subject matter of the seventeenth example aspect and wherein the barrel defines a second fuel opening through the outer surface thereof and extending into the interior of the barrel, and the engine further comprises a second injector pocket in communication with the second opening and extending radially away from the outer surface of the barrel, and a second fuel injector in fluid communication with the second fuel opening, the second injector pocket configured to receive and retain the second fuel injector therein.
  • a nineteenth example aspect includes the subject matter of the
  • the barrel and the first injector pocket are of unitary construction formed by one of a casting process and a machining process.
  • a twentieth example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the first through nineteenth example aspects and wherein the barrel is a unitary structure formed by one of a casting process and machining process.
  • a twenty first example aspect includes the subject matter of any of the first through twentieth example aspects and wherein at least one of the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold is of unitary construction.
  • a twenty second example aspect includes the subject matter of the twenty first example aspect and wherein the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold are both of unitary construction.
  • a method of assembling an internal combustion engine comprises advancing an intake manifold onto, and in circumferential engagement with, an elongated cylinder barrel so that at least one opening of the intake manifold is in fluid communication with at least one of a plurality of intake ports defined through the cylinder barrel, advancing an exhaust manifold onto, and in circumferential engagement with, the elongated cylinder barrel so that at least one opening of the exhaust manifold is in fluid communication with at least one of a plurality of exhaust ports defined through the cylinder barrel, advancing a first portion of a crankcase onto one end of the cylinder barrel, advancing a second portion of the crankcase onto an opposite end of the cylinder barrel, and securing the first portion of the crankcase to the second portion of the crankcase with the intake and exhaust manifolds positioned therebetween.
  • a twenty fourth example aspect includes the subject matter of the twenty third example aspect and further comprises installing seals into circumferential channels formed in the outer surface of the barrel prior to advancing the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold onto the barrel, wherein advancing the intake manifold onto the barrel comprises advancing the intake manifold onto the barrel so that at least one of the seals forms a seal between the barrel and intake manifold, and wherein advancing the exhaust manifold onto the barrel comprises advancing the exhaust manifold onto the barrel so that at least another one of the seals forms a seal between the barrel and exhaust manifold.
  • an internal combustion engine comprises first and second elongated, hollow cylinder barrels each having an intake end and an exhaust end opposite the intake end, each of the first and second barrels defining a plurality of intake ports therethrough and a plurality of exhaust ports therethrough, each of the plurality of intake ports and exhaust ports extending at least partially about a circumference of a respective one of the first and second barrels between the intake and exhaust ends thereof with the plurality of intake ports spaced longitudinally apart from the plurality of exhaust ports, a first exhaust manifold circumferentially engaging the outer surface of the first barrel and having at least one opening fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality exhaust ports thereof, a first intake manifold circumferentially engaging the outer surface of the first barrel and having at least one opening fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality intake ports thereof, a second exhaust manifold circumferentially engaging the outer surface of the second barrel and having at least one opening fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality exhaust ports thereof, and
  • a twenty sixth example aspect includes the subject matter of the twenty fifth example aspect and further comprises a first projection arranged circumferentially on and extending radially outwardly from an outer surface of the first barrel adjacent to the plurality of exhaust ports thereof, a second projection arranged circumferentially on and extending radially outwardly from the outer surface of the first barrel adjacent to the plurality of intake ports thereof, a third projection arranged circumferentially on and extending radially outwardly from an outer surface of the second barrel adjacent to the plurality of exhaust ports thereof, and a fourth projection arranged circumferentially on and extending radially outwardly from the outer surface of the second barrel adjacent to the plurality of intake ports thereof, wherein the first exhaust manifold abuts the first projection and the first intake manifold abuts the second projection, and wherein the second exhaust manifold abuts the third projection and the second intake manifold abuts the fourth projection.
  • a twenty seventh example aspect includes the subject matter of either of the twenty fifth and twenty sixth example aspects and wherein the engine is an opposed-piston, opposed-cylinder engine, and further comprising a first portion of a crankcase received over the intake end of the first cylinder barrel, a second portion of the crankcase received over the exhaust end of the second cylinder barrel, a first end piece received over the exhaust end of the first barrel, and a second end piece received over the intake end of the second barrel, wherein the first portion of the crankcase is secured to the second portion of the crankcase, the first end piece is secured to the first portion of the crankcase, and the second end piece is secured to the second portion of the crankcase.
  • a twenty eighth example aspect includes the subject matter of the twenty seventh example aspect and further comprises a first end cover received over and engaging the first end piece, and a second end cover received over and engaging the second end piece.
  • a twenty ninth example aspect includes the subject matter of the twenty seventh example aspect and further comprises a first intake piston and a first exhaust piston disposed in the first cylinder barrel, a second intake piston and a second exhaust piston disposed in the second cylinder barrel, a crankshaft disposed in the crankcase and coupled to each of the first intake piston, the first exhaust piston, the second intake piston and the second exhaust piston, the first intake piston and the first exhaust piston reciprocating within the first cylinder barrel, and the second intake piston and the second exhaust piston reciprocating within the second cylinder barrel, upon rotation of the crankshaft.
  • Advantages of various embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, allowing the barrel (cylinder) to swell and contract so that stresses due to clamping the barrel are avoided, avoiding the uneven expansion of a cylinder as part of a block, reducing total engine weight, reducing material cost for the engine, and/or simplifying the engine assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional representation of an opposed-piston, opposed- cylinder engine
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional representation of an embodiment of a barrel of an opposed-piston engine shown along section lines 2-2 of the barrel illustrated in FIG. 6 but with the intake and exhaust manifolds omitted;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional representation of the barrel of FIG. 2 with the intake and exhaust manifolds installed, as shown along section lines 3-3 of FIG. 7;
  • FIGS. 4 is a cross-sectional representation of a first sealing configuration according to some embodiments of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional representation of a second sealing configuration according to other embodiments of the disclosure;
  • FIG. 6 is an illustration of the barrel, the intake manifold, and the exhaust manifold of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is an illustration of the assembly of FIG. 6 with a crankcase portion inserted over an end of the barrel;
  • FIG. 8 is an illustration of the assembly of FIG. 7 with an end piece inserted onto an end of the cylinder
  • FIG. 9 is an illustration of an assembled OPOC engine according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is an illustration of a core for the barrel according to an
  • FIGS. 1 1 is a cross-sectional representation of one embodiment of a sealing interface between the barrel and each of the intake and exhaust end pieces;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional representation of another embodiment of a sealing interface between the barrel and each of the intake and exhaust end pieces;
  • FIG. 13 is an illustration of assembly of an engine according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an opposed-piston engine
  • FIG. 15A is an elevational view of another embodiment of a cylinder barrel for an opposed piston engine
  • FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder barrel of FIG. 15A shown along section lines 15B-15B;
  • FIG. 15C is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder barrel of FIG. 15A shown along section lines 15C-15C.
  • FIG. 1 a cross section of an embodiment of an opposed- piston, opposed-cylinder (OPOC) engine 910, is shown.
  • An intake piston 912 and an exhaust piston 914 reciprocate within a left cylinder wall 916 and an intake piston 912' and an exhaust piston 914' reciprocate within a right cylinder wall 916'.
  • the inner pistons 914, 912' each couple to another journal on the crankshaft 920 via a pushrod 919.
  • the outer pistons 912, 914' each couple to a journal (not shown in FIG. 1 ) on the crankshaft 920 via a pullrod 918 and a guided bridge 924.
  • OPOC opposed- piston, opposed-cylinder
  • a tip of each guided bridge 924 nests with an underside of a respective one of the outer pistons 912 and 914', and projections extend outwardly from each side of the guided bridge 924 on which flat bearing surfaces 926 are formed.
  • Each bearing surface 926 rides upon a linear bearing 928 affixed to the engine block 930.
  • Pistons 912, 912', 914, and 914' reciprocate within their respective cylinder walls 916, 916' upon rotation of crankshaft 920. Exhaust and intake ports defined in the cylinder walls (not shown in FIG. 1 because of the position of the pistons) are covered and uncovered by the pistons 912, 912', 914, 914' as they reciprocate with the cylinder walls 916, 916'.
  • a first combustion chamber 932 is defined by and between the cylinder wall 916, a top of the piston 912 and a top of the piston 914, and a second combustion chamber 932' is defined by and between the cylinder wall 916', a top of the piston 912' and a top of the piston 914'.
  • the pistons 912, 912' act as valves that control whether or not the intake ports are in fluidic communication with combustion chamber 932 and 932' respectively.
  • the pistons 914 and 914' cover and uncover the exhaust ports defined in the cylinder walls 916, 916' as they reciprocate therein to allow exhaust gases to escape from the combustion chambers 932 and 932' respectively.
  • FIG. 2 a cross-section of a cylinder barrel 12 is shown.
  • the cylinder barrel 12 may illustratively be implemented in an opposed-piston (OP) engine and/or in an OPOC engine of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the cylinder barrel 12 is substantially cylindrical with an inner surface 24 that is geometrically a cylinder.
  • Intake ports 26 and exhaust ports 28 are defined in and through the barrel 12 from an outer surface through the inner surface 24 thereof, and in the illustrated embodiment the intake ports 26 and the exhaust ports 28 are spaced apart circumferentially and circumscribe the cylinder barrel 12.
  • the cylinder barrel 12 illustratively defines a combustion chamber therein between the intake ports 26 and the exhaust ports 28.
  • At least one aperture 30 may also be provided in and through the barrel 12 from the outer surface through the inner surface 24 thereof to accommodate a fuel injector, an oil injector, a spark plug, or any other element that accesses the combustion chamber.
  • the openings 32 illustratively represent coolant passages that are defined within and extend about the barrel 12.
  • One or more coolant inlet openings 31 A is/are aligned with one of the coolant passages 32 to provide for coolant flow therein and one or more coolant outlet openings 31 B are aligned with at least another one of the coolant passages 32 to provide for coolant flow therefrom.
  • the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12 illustratively defines a plurality of outward projections 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21 and 22 extending therefrom. Such projections illustratively extend around the circumference, or at least a portion of the circumference, of the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12. Projections 14, 16, 17, 21 and 22 form pairs of projections that each define a space therebetween to
  • Projections 18 and 20 are single projections that are illustratively used as stops to longitudinal advancement or movement of intake and exhaust manifolds respectively, as will be described in greater detail below.
  • the projections 18 and 20 are located at distances 1 18 and 120, respectively, from an exhaust end 34 of the cylinder barrel 12.
  • the intake ports 26 are located a distance 126 from the exhaust end 34
  • the exhaust ports 28 are located a distance 128 from the exhaust end 34.
  • the distances 126 and 128 are illustratively measured relative to the centers of the ports 26, 28 respectively, but could alternatively be measured relative to either end of the ports 126, 128 or relative to other reference points or locations.
  • the space between the projections 14 is located a distance 1 14 from exhaust end 34, and the spaces between the projections 16, 17, 21 , and 22 are located at distances 1 16, 1 17, 121 , and 122, respectively, from the exhaust end 34.
  • the barrel 12 is a substantially-cylindrical, unitary casting, although in other embodiments the barrel 12 may be machined in its entirety from a unitary piece, and in still other embodiments only one or more portions of the barrel 12 may be cast and/or machined.
  • a projection 38 is also shown extending outwardly away from the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12.
  • the projection 38 circumscribes the barrel 12, although in other embodiments the projection 38 may extend only partially about the barrel 12.
  • the projection 38 is spaced a distance 138 from the exhaust end 34 of the barrel 12, and the distance 138 is measured from one end of the projection 38.
  • the distance to the projection 38 may be measured relative to the intake end 34 or to some other point or location along the barrel 12. This distance may also be measured relative to the opposite end of the projection 38, relative to the midpoint of the projection 38 or relative to some other point or location along the projection 38.
  • the purpose of the projection 38 will be discussed in detail below.
  • FIG. 3 a cross section of the barrel 12 is shown with an intake manifold 40 received on and circumferentially engaging the outer surface of the barrel 12.
  • the intake manifold 40 is provided in the form of an open-ended sleeve, boot or belt having a single outlet opening 43 fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality of intake ports 26.
  • the intake manifold 40 may be formed to include two or more outlet openings each fluidly coupled to one or more different ones of the plurality of intake ports 26, and in still other alternative
  • the intake manifold 40 may be formed to include an outlet opening for each of the intake ports 26 with each of the plurality of outlet openings fluidly coupled to a different one of the plurality of intake ports 26.
  • the intake manifold 40 is a unitary structure received on and over the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12 at the intake end 36 thereof, and then advanced, e.g., slid, along the outer surface of the barrel 12 toward the exhaust end 34 until an outer edge of a lip 40A of the intake manifold 40 contacts and abuts the projection 18 extending from the outer surface of the barrel 12 such that the one or more outlet openings 43 is/are positioned over the intake ports 26.
  • the intake manifold 40 is a unitary structure received on and over the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12 at the intake end 36 thereof, and then advanced, e.g., slid, along the outer surface of the barrel 12 toward the exhaust end 34 until an outer edge of a lip 40A of the intake manifold 40 contacts and abuts the projection 18
  • the intake manifold 40 may be constructed from two or more components that are positioned into engagement with the barrel 12 prior to securing together the two or more components.
  • sealing elements 48 are installed between the intake manifold 40 and the outside of the barrel 12, i.e., between lower surfaces of the intake manifold 40 on either side of the outlet opening(s) 43 and the channels defined between the projection pairs 14, 16 and 17.
  • a water jacket 40B is defined by the projections 16, 18 and the bottom surface of the lip 40A of the intake manifold 40, and in some embodiments coolant enters through a coolant passage in the intake manifold 40 and then is fed into the coolant passages 32 defined in the barrel 12 via the water jacket 40B aligned with the one or more coolant inlet openings 31 A.
  • one embodiment of the intake manifold 40 further defines two inlet openings 41 , although in other embodiments the intake manifold 40 may define only one such inlet opening 41 or three or more inlet openings 41. Between the one or more inlet openings 41 and the one or more outlet openings 43 the intake manifold 40 defines a volume 44 therein. The intake manifold 40 receives intake air into the volume 44 through the one or more inlet openings 41 , and intake air within the volume 44 is supplied to the engine via the one or more outlet openings 43 aligned with the plurality of intake ports 26.
  • the sealing elements 48 are illustratively O- rings of a suitable cross section, circular or other.
  • An elastomeric material may be suitable for use in this location which is near intake and engine coolant temperature.
  • FIG. 4 a magnified, cross-sectional view of a D- ring 60 is shown installed in a channel 62 in a cylinder barrel 64.
  • Such a cross section that has vertical walls may be advantageous because the vertical walls of the ring 60 abutting the vertical walls of the channel 62 in the cylinder barrel 64 resist rolling of the ring 60 when an intake manifold 66 is advanced, e.g., slid, over the cylinder barrel 64 during assembly as shown in FIG. 4.
  • any suitable sealing element in terms of material properties and cross-sectional shape can be employed as the sealing elements 48.
  • an exhaust manifold 42 is illustratively received on and circumferentially engaging the outer surface of the barrel 12.
  • the exhaust manifold 42 is provided in the form of an open-ended sleeve, boot or belt having a single inlet opening 45 fluidly coupled with at least one of the plurality of exhaust ports 28.
  • the exhaust manifold 42 may be formed to include two or more inlet openings each fluidly coupled to one or more different ones of the plurality of exhaust ports 28, and in still other alternative
  • the exhaust manifold 42 may be formed to include an inlet opening for each of the exhaust ports 28 with each of the plurality of inlet openings fluidly coupled to a different one of the plurality of exhaust ports 28.
  • the exhaust manifold 42 is a unitary structure received on and over the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12 at the exhaust end 34 thereof, and then advanced, e.g., slid, along the outer surface of the barrel 12 toward the intake end 36 until an outer edge of a lip 42A of the exhaust manifold 42 contacts and abuts the projection 20 extending from the outer surface of the barrel 12 such that the inlet opening(s) 45 is/are positioned over the exhaust ports 28.
  • the exhaust manifold 42 may be constructed from two or more
  • sealing elements 50 are installed between the exhaust manifold 42 and the outside of the barrel 12, i.e., between lower surfaces of the exhaust manifold 42 on either side of the outlet opening(s) 45 and the channels defined between the projection pairs 21 and 22.
  • the coolant outlet opening 31 B Adjacent to the exhaust manifold 42, e.g., to the right of the right-most sealing element 50, the coolant outlet opening 31 B is aligned with one of the coolant passages 32, and in some embodiments coolant circulating through the coolant passages 32 is withdrawn from the coolant outlet opening(s) 31 B for passage through a heat exchanger (not shown) before recirculating to the coolant inlet opening(s) 31A.
  • one embodiment of the exhaust manifold 42 further defines two outlet openings 47, although in other embodiments the exhaust manifold 42 may define only one such outlet opening 47 or three or more outlet openings 47.
  • the exhaust manifold 42 defines a volume 46 therein.
  • the exhaust manifold 42 receives exhaust gas from the combustion chamber into the volume 46 through the one or more inlet openings 45 aligned with the plurality of exhaust ports 28, and exhaust gas within the volume 46 is expelled via the one or more outlet openings 47.
  • the sealing elements 50 are proximate exhaust gas ports 28 and are therefore subject to exhaust gas temperatures.
  • the sealing elements are illustratively formed of copper or other suitable metal.
  • FIG. 5 An alternative configuration is shown in which a cylinder barrel 70 defines a step rather than a channel between projections 21 and/or 22.
  • the barrel 70 and an example exhaust manifold 74 each define a step, and between the two steps, an open space 72 has a seal 76 of a serpentine cross section disposed therein.
  • the seal 76 compresses between the two steps, thereby forming the seal between the manifold 74 and the barrel 70.
  • Chamfers 78 and 80 may be provided adjacent to the steps on the manifold 74 and the barrel 70 respectively to ease assembly.
  • FIG. 6 the barrel 12 is shown with intake manifold 40 and exhaust manifold 42 installed and pushed against their respective stops (or outward projections).
  • the intake manifold 40 has two air inlets 41 and the exhaust manifold 42 has exhaust gas outlets 47 as described above. Also visible in FIG. 6 are a plurality of coolant outlet openings 31 B adjacent to the exhaust manifold 42.
  • the projection 38 (illustrated and described above with respect to FIG. 2) is illustratively provided to mates with a feature on the crankcase (not shown in FIG. 6).
  • one or more channels are formed in the projection 38 and seals are placed therein so that when the crankcase is placed over the projection 38 of the barrel 12, a seal is formed, therebetween
  • crankcase 82 has elements 84 that extend outwardly and are generally parallel with a centerline of the barrel 12.
  • Elements 84, in the embodiment in FIG. 7, are illustratively tunnels which house piston pullrods
  • the tunnels 84 are integral with the crankcase 82 such that the crankcase 82 and the tunnels 84 form a unitary structure. In other embodiments, the tunnels 84 may be formed separately from the crankcase 82 rather than being integrally formed. In any case, the crankcase 82 aligns with the barrel 12 due to the projection 38.
  • the crankcase 82 is illustratively via a dowel (not shown) which is inserted into an opening 70 formed through the tunnel 84 and which engages with an orifice on barrel 12 (not visible in FIG. 7).
  • an end piece 86 is shown coupled to the tunnels 84 adjacent to the exhaust end 34 of the barrel 12, and the end piece 86 illustratively assists in holding the assembly together.
  • the end piece 86 is, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, an exhaust end piece, but could alternatively be an intake end piece if the positions of the intake ports and the exhaust ports are swapped.
  • the end piece 86 defines an opening that has substantially the same dimensions as, and that is aligned with, the opening at the exhaust end 34 of the barrel 12.
  • the end piece 86 illustratively has posts 88 that extend outwardly away from the barrel 12 in a direction substantially parallel with the central axis of barrel 12.
  • FIG. 9 an assembled opposed-piston, opposed-cylinder engine is shown in FIG. 9, showing two crankcase 82 portions couples together with a crankshaft 94 disposed therein. Two of each: barrels 12, intake manifolds 40, exhaust manifolds 42 and end pieces 86 are shown, and an end cap 90 is also shown installed onto each of the end pieces 86. In the left cylinder, two fuel injectors 92 are shown installed into orifices provided in the barrel 12.
  • a core 150 is shown for casting the barrel 12 and associated parts.
  • the illustration shows where coolant passages 156 would appear inside the casting.
  • larger openings 152 are provided in which the exhaust ports 28 are located.
  • a bridge 154 Between adjacent exhaust port openings 152 is a bridge 154 and a coolant passage illustratively extends through each such bridge 154.
  • the coolant passages 156 are substantially helical, except in a region 158 in which a boss is provided for an element, such as an injector, spark plug, or other.
  • the passages 156 smoothly bend around region 158 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • Coolant is provided in passages 156 through inlets 160 and 162 and is discharged from passages 156 from outlets 164 and 166. In various alternative embodiments there may be only one inlet, there may be only one outlet, and/or the inlet(s) and outlet(s) may be reversed.
  • FIGS. 1 1 and 12 A couple of alternative embodiments are shown in FIGS. 1 1 and 12. The illustrations in FIGS. 1 1 and 12 are simplified to focus on the features of the embodiments that allow the barrel to expand and are only illustrative of those features.
  • FIG. 1 1 a cross sectional view is shown of a cylinder barrel 300 inserted into a first end piece 302 and a second end piece 304.
  • FIG. 1 1 is an illustration of sealing techniques that may be employed in the embodiments in FIGS. 7-10, but does not necessarily represent the same embodiments.
  • the end piece 302 forms a shoulder at 318 and the end piece 304 forms another shoulder at 320.
  • the end pieces 302 and 304 are bolted or otherwise coupled together in any appropriate way.
  • the barrel 300 has shoulders 308 and 310 separated by a distance 340, and the shoulders 318 and 320 are separated by a distance 350.
  • the distance 340 is shorter than the distance 350, and sealing springs 330 are installed in the gap formed between shoulders 308 and 318 and between shoulders 310 and 320.
  • the sealing springs 330 allow for the longitudinal expansion of the barrel 300 relative to the end pieces 302 and 304, and provide for the location of the barrel 300 relative to the end pieces 302, 304. Sealing springs also provide a seal, similar to the seal shown in FIG. 5. Alternatively, any suitable sealing system is employed.
  • This configuration provides for a freely- floating barrel in which the barrel 300 is suspended between the end pieces 302, 304.
  • FIG. 12 a configuration is shown in which a cylinder barrel 400 is pinned at one point, but allowed to expand away from the pinned point. Again, the illustration in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a simplified illustration of sealing techniques that may be employed in the embodiments in FIGS. 7-10, but does not necessarily represent the same embodiments.
  • the cylinder barrel 400 is installed within a first end piece 402, and dowels or pins 404 are inserted through the barrel 400 and into and through the first end piece 402.
  • a second end piece 406 is affixed to the first end piece 402.
  • Channels 410 are provided in an outer surface of the barrel 400 and seals 412, e.g., O-rings in the embodiment in FIG. 12, are installed in the channels 410 to form a seal between the barrel 400 and the first end piece 402.
  • Channels 420 are likewise provided in an inner surface of the second end piece 406, and seals 422, e.g., O-rings, are installed in the channels 420 to form a seal between the barrel 400 and the second end piece 406.
  • the channels 410, 420 may be formed proximate opposite ends of the barrel 400.
  • such the channels 410 may be formed in the first end piece 402 and the channels 420 may be formed in the second end piece 406.
  • the barrel 400 expands, it is allowed to expand longitudinally from the pins 404 to the right and from pins 404 to the left, thereby sliding on the seals 422 or 412.
  • the seals may be elastomeric O-rings, metallic rings, rings such as those shown in FIG. 4, or any suitable seals that can withstand the local temperatures, avoid rotation upon the expansion of the barrel, and provide all other desired features.
  • Seals are installed in the channels or grooves in the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 12 in block 200.
  • the intake and exhaust manifolds 40, 42 are then advanced or slid onto the cylinder barrel 12 in block 202.
  • a crankcase portion 82 is advanced or slid onto an end of the cylinder barrel 12 in block 204, and in block 206 an end piece 86 is advanced or slid onto the other end of the cylinder barrel 12.
  • a second crankcase is advanced or slid on the other end.
  • the crankcase portion 82 is secured to the end piece 86 by any suitable method such as bolts.
  • an end cover 90 is placed over the end piece 86.
  • FIGS. 1 and 7-9 show embodiments for an opposed-piston, opposed-cylinder engine.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure apply to opposed-piston engines with two crankshafts such as that illustrated in FIG. 14.
  • one embodiment of an opposed-piston engine 220 has opposed pistons 224 and 226 that reciprocate within a cylinder 222.
  • Pistons 224 and 226 are coupled to crankshafts 228 and 230, respectively, via pushrods.
  • Crankshafts 228 and 230 are housed in crankcases 234 and 236, respectively.
  • Cylinder 222 has a crankcase coupled to each end.
  • FIGS. 15A - 15C an embodiment is shown of another cylinder barrel 12'.
  • the cylinder barrel 12' has several features in common with the cylinder barrel 12 illustrated and described with respect to FIGS. 1 -14, and like numbers are therefore used to represent like features.
  • the cylinder barrel 12' has an exhaust end 34, and intake end 36 opposite the exhaust end 34, a plurality of intake ports 26, a plurality of exhaust ports 28, a plurality of outward projections 16', 17', 18', 20', 21 ' and 22' extending from the outer surface of the barrel 12', a plurality of coolant passages 32' defined in the barrel 12', one or more coolant inlet openings 31 A and one or more coolant outlet openings 31 B, all as described above.
  • the cylinder barrel 12' illustrated in FIGS. 15A - 15C further defines an opening 52 into and through the outer surface of the barrel 12' which extends into and through the inner surface 24 of the barrel 12' between the intake end 36 and the plurality of intake ports 26.
  • the cylinder barrel 12' further defines another opening 54 into and through the outer surface of the barrel 12' which extends into and through the inner surface 24 of the barrel 12' between the exhaust end 34 and the plurality of exhaust ports 28.
  • the openings 52, 54 may illustratively be used to provide lubricating oil to the inner surface 24 of the cylinder barrel 12', or may be used to accommodate one or more components which access the inner region of the cylinder barrel 12'.
  • the cylinder barrel 12' further defines openings 56 and 58 into and through the outer surface of the barrel 12' which may extend into and through the inner surface 24 of the barrel 12' in the region of the combustion chamber between the plurality of intake ports 26 and the plurality of exhaust ports 28.
  • the opening 56 extends through the inner surface 24 of the barrel 12'
  • the opening 58 is shown in FIG. 15A as extending through the inner surface 24 but is shown in FIG. 15C as extending proximate to, but not through, the inner surface 24.
  • the opening(s) 56 and/or 58 may be used to accommodate an oil injector, a spark plug, a temperature sensor, a glow plug for cold start applications, or any other component that accesses the combustion chamber.
  • the cylinder barrel 12' further illustratively includes two integral fuel injector housing structures 500, each of which are configured to receive and carry a fuel injector therein.
  • the fuel injector housing structures 500 are shown diametrically opposed relative to a central, longitudinal axis of the barrel 12', although it will be understood that in other embodiments the fuel injector housing structures 500 may be alternative positioned relative to each other and/or relative to the barrel 12'.
  • two such fuel injector housing structures 500 are illustrated in FIGS. 15A - 15C, it will be understood that the barrel 12' may alternatively include only a single fuel injector housing structure 500 or may alternatively still include three or more such fuel injector housing structures 500.
  • each fuel injector housing structure 500 illustratively includes an opening 502 into and through the structure 500 and which extends into and through an opening 30' into the inner surface 24 of the barrel 12' in the region of the combustion chamber. Between the openings 502 and 30', the fuel injector housing structure 500 defines an injector pocket 504, e.g., in the form of a hollow shaft, that is sized and configured to receive therein a conventional fuel injector 92 as illustrated by example in FIG. 15C. The fuel injector housing structure 500 further defines another opening 506 therein which extends into and through another opening 510 into the injector pocket 504.
  • the fuel injector housing structure 500 defines a fuel return line pocket 508 sized and configured to receive therein a conventional fuel return line 92A that is connectable to the fuel injector 92 received in the injector pocket 504, as illustrated by example in FIG. 15C.
  • the fuel injector housing structure 500 further still defines yet another opening 512 therein adjacent to the opening 502, and a bore or channel 514 extends from the opening 512 into the fuel injector housing structure 500.
  • the opening 512 and bore or channel 514 are sized and configured to receive and engage a conventional fuel injector bolt 92B coupled to the fuel injector 92 for securing the fuel injector 92 to the fuel injector housing structure 500, as illustrated by example in FIG. 15C.
  • the fuel injector housing structures 500 are integral with the barrel 12' such that the barrel 12' and the fuel injector housing structures 500 together define a unitary structure.
  • a unitary structure may be formed as part of a conventional casting process, and in other embodiments the unitary structure may be alternatively or additionally machined in accordance with a conventional machining process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur à combustion interne comprenant un fût de cylindre délimitant au travers de celui-ci une pluralité d'orifices d'admission et une pluralité d'orifices d'échappement s'étendant chacun au moins partiellement autour d'une circonférence du fût, les orifices d'admission étant espacés par rapport aux orifices d'échappement, un collecteur d'échappement reçu sur et se mettant en prise de manière circonférentielle avec la surface externe du cylindre, au moins une ouverture d'entrée de celui-ci étant accouplée de manière fluidique à au moins l'un de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement et un collecteur d'admission reçu sur et se mettant en prise de manière circonférentielle avec la surface extérieure du fût, au moins une ouverture de sortie de celui-ci étant accouplée de manière fluidique à au moins l'un de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement. Le collecteur d'échappement définit un premier volume interne entre l'ouverture d'entrée et une ouverture de sortie de celui-ci, et le collecteur d'admission définit un deuxième volume interne entre l'ouverture de sortie et une ouverture d'entrée de celui-ci.
PCT/US2015/060096 2014-11-11 2015-11-11 Fût pour moteur à combustion interne WO2016077425A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201462078178P 2014-11-11 2014-11-11
US62/078,178 2014-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016077425A1 true WO2016077425A1 (fr) 2016-05-19

Family

ID=55954977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2015/060096 WO2016077425A1 (fr) 2014-11-11 2015-11-11 Fût pour moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016077425A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11098634B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2021-08-24 Achates Power, Inc. Exhaust manifold constructions including thermal barrier coatings for opposed-piston engines

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6170443B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-01-09 Edward Mayer Halimi Internal combustion engine with a single crankshaft and having opposed cylinders with opposed pistons
US20100282219A1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2010-11-11 Alonso Jose Luis Monoblock valveless opposing piston internal combustion engine
US20100319661A1 (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-23 Achates Power, Inc. Cylinder-Mounted oil wiper for an opposed piston engine
US20120266851A1 (en) * 2011-04-25 2012-10-25 Ecomotors International, Inc. Intake System for a Two-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine
US20130276762A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Ecomotors, Inc. Symmetric Opposed-Piston, Opposed-Cylinder Engine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6170443B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-01-09 Edward Mayer Halimi Internal combustion engine with a single crankshaft and having opposed cylinders with opposed pistons
US20100282219A1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2010-11-11 Alonso Jose Luis Monoblock valveless opposing piston internal combustion engine
US20100319661A1 (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-23 Achates Power, Inc. Cylinder-Mounted oil wiper for an opposed piston engine
US20120266851A1 (en) * 2011-04-25 2012-10-25 Ecomotors International, Inc. Intake System for a Two-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine
US20130276762A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Ecomotors, Inc. Symmetric Opposed-Piston, Opposed-Cylinder Engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11098634B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2021-08-24 Achates Power, Inc. Exhaust manifold constructions including thermal barrier coatings for opposed-piston engines

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9127617B2 (en) Internal combustion engine having improved cooling arrangement
US6543405B2 (en) Modular engine architecture
CN103842634A (zh) 对置活塞发动机中的汽缸的冲击冷却
US10036344B2 (en) Opposed piston two stroke engine liner construction
EP3051092B1 (fr) Refroidissement de préchambre pour moteur à combustion interne
EP3978733B1 (fr) Ensemble soupape d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne à deux temps
US9273629B2 (en) Piston ring for two-stroke engines
PL225376B1 (pl) Silnik spalinowy
US10584657B2 (en) Oil cooled internal combustion engine cylinder liner and method of use
US20080135024A1 (en) Internal combusting engine
CN104220791A (zh) 用于内燃机的活塞环
US6145481A (en) Cooling ring for a cylinder liner in an internal combustion engine
US20140000549A1 (en) Compression ring for an engine
US7726267B2 (en) Air gap insulation with a cylinder liner
KR20010073060A (ko) 2개의 서브 챔버가 구비된 왕복장치
WO2016077425A1 (fr) Fût pour moteur à combustion interne
US7086371B2 (en) Engine
JP6888430B2 (ja) エンジンの冷却用オイル通路構造
KR870007352A (ko) 수평대향형 피스톤을 가진 2행정 내연기관
US20100326379A1 (en) Narrow profile horizontally-opposed engine
US20170045014A1 (en) Multi-piece cylinder
RU2604144C2 (ru) Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
CN212642890U (zh) 柴油机及其气缸盖
CN110905678B (zh) 用于内燃发动机的发动机缸体
US2895458A (en) Coolant jacket arrangement for internal combustion engines

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15859215

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

32PN Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established

Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 04.09.2017)

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15859215

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1