WO2016075766A1

WO2016075766A1 - Machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2016075766A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/079922
Authority: WO
Inventors: 長戸一義; 鈴山惠史; 古川和也; 水田賢治
Original assignee: 富士機械製造株式会社
Priority date: 2014-11-12
Filing date: 2014-11-12
Publication date: 2016-05-19
Also published as: JPWO2016075766A1; JP6745725B2

Abstract

The tool is provided with: a movable bed (16) capable of moving in the longitudinal direction on a base (2); a main shaft arranged such that the axial direction thereof with respect to a main shaft stage (12) fastened to the movable bed (16) is the longitudinal direction; a tool stage (131) located to the front side of the main shaft and provided with a tool for machining a workpiece (W) held by the main shaft; a Z-axis direction drive device (21, 22, 23 … ) which has a drive device for moving the tool stage (131) in a Z-axis direction parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft, and in an X-axis direction which is a vertical direction and orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, the drive device beng installed on the movable bed (16), and which is arranged above the main shaft and supports and moves the tool stage (131) in the Z-axis direction; and an X-axis drive device (31, 32, 33 … ) arranged to one side of the main shaft in the lateral widthwise direction, for moving the Z-axis direction drive device in the X-axis direction above the main shaft.

Description

Machine Tools

The present invention relates to a machine tool having a small machine width dimension.

Various compact machine tools with reduced dimensions in the width direction have been proposed, and the following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose two-axis machine tools with reduced machine width dimensions. . All machine tools are configured such that the Z-axis direction, which is the axial direction of the main shaft, is horizontal and the front-rear direction toward the operator, and the X-axis direction orthogonal thereto is a vertical vertical direction. Has been. In the machine tool of Patent Document 1, side walls functioning as columns are provided on both sides in the width direction, feed guides are formed at the upper end portion and the front end portion of the side walls, and feed mechanisms are provided respectively. Therefore, the headstock is configured to move in the front-rear direction on the upper end portion of the side wall, and the tool stand is configured to move in the up-down direction on the front end portion of the side wall. On the other hand, the machine tool of Patent Document 2 is provided with a gate-shaped column having a support fixed on two pillars, and the main spindle is configured to move in the front-rear direction below the support. Is configured to move up and down on the front surface of the support.

JP 2007-144529 A JP 2010-179418 A

The machine tool described above has a small machine width dimension by a horizontal Z-axis in the longitudinal direction and a vertical X-axis in the vertical direction. However, in the conventional machine tool, the headstock is sandwiched from the left and right by the column, and the headstock moves in the Z-axis direction at that position, so that it can be held by the main spindle as much as the machine width is reduced. The work, that is, the work that can be processed has become smaller. Accordingly, the size of work that can be machined has been limited with the miniaturization of machine tools.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of processing a workpiece that is larger than the width of the machine in order to solve such a problem.

A machine tool according to an aspect of the present invention includes a movable bed movable on the base in the front-rear direction, a spindle provided so that an axial direction thereof is a front-rear direction with respect to the spindle base fixed to the movable bed, A tool table that is located on the front side of the main shaft and includes a tool for machining a workpiece held on the main shaft, a Z-axis direction parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft, and a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. And a drive device that moves the tool table in the X-axis direction that is the vertical direction, the drive device is installed on the movable bed, and is disposed above the main shaft, and the tool A Z-axis drive device that supports the base and moves in the Z-axis direction, and an X-axis drive that is disposed on one side in the left-right width direction of the main shaft and moves the Z-axis drive device in the X-axis direction above the main shaft Device.

According to the present invention, the headstock having the main shaft is fixed to the movable bed, and the movement of the tool table with respect to the workpiece held on the main shaft is performed by the driving device installed on the movable bed. According to the drive device, the tool table supported by the Z-axis drive device is moved in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis drive device arranged above the main shaft, and is arranged on one side in the left-right width direction of the main shaft. The X-axis drive device moves the tool table in the X-axis direction together with the Z-axis drive device that moves above the main shaft. Therefore, since the drive device is configured to operate above the main shaft, it is possible to process a workpiece larger than the machine width dimension while reducing the machine width dimension.

It is the perspective view which showed the processing machine line which consists of a some machine tool. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a relationship between a machining module, which is an internal structure of the machine tool, and a base. It is the perspective view which showed the process module. It is the figure which showed the left side surface seen from the front about the drive device of a process module. It is the front view which showed the inside of the cover of a machine tool. It is the figure which looked at the cover inside of the machine tool from the front, Comprising: It is the figure which showed the relationship between a workpiece | work size and a machine width.

Next, an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a processing machine line configured by arranging a plurality of machine tools according to the present embodiment. In the processing machine line 1, six machine tools 5 are mounted on a base 2 serving as a base. The six machine tools 5 are all NC lathes of the same type, and have the same outer shape and dimensions. Each machine tool 5 is covered with an exterior cover 6, and a processing chamber closed for each machine tool 5 is formed inside the machine tool 5. In the front, one work transfer chamber is constituted by the front cover 7, and a work transfer device for delivering the work to and from each machine tool 5 is installed therein.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a processing module that is an internal structure of the machine tool 5. In this figure, a state where the processing module 10 is placed on the carriage 100 and pulled out to the rear of the base 2 is shown. In the machine tool 5, a processing module 10 is mounted on the base 2, and is covered with an exterior cover 6 as shown in FIG. Although only one processing module 10 is shown in FIG. 2, two processing modules 10 can be mounted on the base 2. Therefore, the base 2 is provided with two rails 201 according to the width of the processing module 10. The processing module 10 is configured on a movable bed 16 having wheels, and is movable in the front-rear direction on the base 2 along the rail 201. Note that the machine tool 5 can move not only the processing module 10 but also the exterior cover 6 and the processing module 10 as one body.

In the processing machine line 1 in FIG. 1, three bases 2 are arranged close to each other in the width direction, and machine tools 5 mounted thereon are also arranged very close to each other. Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 1, it is difficult to maintain the processing module 10 in the exterior cover 6. However, as described above, in this embodiment, the machine tool 5 is movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the base 2. Therefore, by moving the target machine tool 5 in the front-rear direction, operations such as maintenance and replacement can be performed without being affected by the adjacent machine tool 5.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the processing module 10. FIG. 4 is a view showing the left side surface of the driving device of the processing module 10 as viewed from the front of the machine tool 5. The processing module 10 is a turret lathe including a tool base 131 on which a rotary tool such as an end mill or a drill or a cutting tool such as a cutting tool is mounted. Therefore, the machining module 10 includes a headstock 12 having a chuck 11 for holding and holding a workpiece W, a turret device 13 having a tool base 131, and a Z-axis drive for moving the turret device 13 along the Z-axis and the X-axis. An apparatus, an X-axis drive device, a machining control device 15 for controlling each drive device, and the like are provided.

Here, the Z-axis is a horizontal axis parallel to the rotation axis (main axis) of the headstock 12 that rotates the workpiece W. The X axis is a movement axis that is orthogonal to the Z axis and moves the tool of the turret device 13 forward and backward with respect to the Z axis, and is a vertical vertical direction in this embodiment. And the left-right width direction of the processing module 10 orthogonal to the main axis is the Y-axis direction. When corresponding to FIG. 1, the front-rear direction of the machine tool 5 is the Z-axis direction, and the width direction in which a plurality of machine tools 5 are arranged is the Y-axis direction. The vertical vertical direction is the X-axis direction.

The processing module 10 is configured by the movable bed 16 movable on the base 2 as described above. The movable bed 16 is a support base provided with wheels, and the headstock 12 is fixed on the movable bed 16. The headstock 12 has a chuck 11 and a driven pulley 17 formed integrally with a main shaft that is rotatably supported. A spindle servomotor 18 is disposed above the spindle stock 12 and a driving pulley 19 is fixed to the rotating shaft. A V-belt 20 is stretched between the main pulley 19 and the driven pulley 17, and the rotation of the main shaft servomotor 18 is transmitted to the main shaft 12.

Next, in the drive device for moving the tool in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction, the turret device 13 is first configured integrally with the Z-axis slide 22 and mounted on the X-axis slide 32 together with the Z-axis slide 22. ing. The Z-axis slide 22 is configured to be movable in the horizontal Z-axis direction by sliding in the Z-axis guide 21 fixed to the X-axis slide 32. The Z-axis guide 21 and the Z-axis slide 22 are located above the headstock 12 and the spindle servomotor 18 and are disposed at positions that overlap when viewed in the vertical direction. In order to move the Z-axis slide 22 in the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis drive device employs a ball screw drive system that converts the rotation output of the Z-axis servomotor 23 into a straight motion.

A support frame 24 is fixed to the rear side of the Z-axis guide 21, and a screw shaft 25 is rotatably supported by a bearing 241 of the support frame 24. The screw shaft 25 is screwed into a non-rotating nut provided in the Z-axis slide 22. The Z-axis servomotor 23 is disposed above the bearing 241, and a V-belt 26 is stretched over the screw shaft 25 via a mutual pulley. Therefore, the Z-axis drive device is configured such that the screw shaft 25 is rotated by driving the Z-axis servomotor 23, the rotational motion is converted into the linear motion of the nut, and the Z-axis slide 22 is moved in the Z-axis direction. ing.

Next, in the X-axis drive device, a column 31 disposed adjacent to the headstock 12 adjacent to the Y-axis direction is fixed to the movable bed 16. The column 31 is a support member for the entire drive device including the Z-axis drive device. In particular, in this embodiment, the column 31 is integrally formed with the headstock 12 and is fixed on the movable bed 16. The column 31 is provided with two guides 311 in the vertical direction on the headstock 12 side, and an X-axis slide 32 is slidably attached to the guide 311. In order to raise and lower the X-axis slide 32 in the vertical direction along the guide 311, a ball screw drive system that converts the rotation output of the X-axis servomotor 33 into the up-and-down motion is also adopted in the X-axis drive device.

The column 31 supports a screw shaft 35 disposed in the vertical direction so as to be rotatable. The upper and lower ends of the screw shaft 35 are supported by

bearings

315 and 316, and a non-rotating nut provided in the X-axis slide 32 is screwed therebetween. An X-axis servomotor 33 is fixed to the upper portion of the column 31, and a V-belt 36 is stretched around the screw shaft 35 via a pulley. Therefore, the X-axis drive device is configured such that the screw shaft 35 is rotated by driving the X-axis servomotor 33, the rotational motion is converted into the linear motion of the nut, and the X-axis slide 32 is moved up and down in the X-axis direction. ing.

Next, FIG. 5 is a front view showing the inside of the cover of the machine tool 5. In the machine tool 5, the processing module 10 is covered with an exterior cover 6. As shown in the figure, when viewed from the front side, on the front side of the exterior cover 6, the turret device 13 including the tool base 131 and the chuck 11 that holds the workpiece W are positioned up and down. The center of the chuck 11, that is, the rotation axis O of the main shaft is located substantially in the center as viewed in the width direction of the exterior cover 6. A column 31 is arranged on the right side behind the chuck 11 and the turret device 13 and stands along the side wall of the exterior cover 6. An X-axis servomotor 33 is provided above the column 31, and a bearing 315 (not shown) (see FIG. 4) is located inside the X-axis servomotor 33. Further, a Z-axis guide 21 is overlapped behind the turret device 13, and a Z-axis servomotor 23 is located above the Z-axis guide 21.

In the machine tool 5 of the present embodiment, the workpiece W held on the chuck 11 is processed, for example, as follows. First, the tool mounted on the tool table 131 is selected by the turning index of the turret device 13. Then, the X-axis servomotor 33 is driven to rotate the screw shaft 35, and the rotational motion is converted into the up-and-down motion of the X-axis slide 32 via the nut. Therefore, positioning in the X-axis direction is performed so that the tip of the cutting tool is aligned with the height of the processed portion of the workpiece W. Next, the Z-axis servomotor 23 is driven to rotate the screw shaft 25, and the rotational motion is converted into a horizontal linear motion of the Z-axis slide 22 via the nut. Then, the workpiece W is rotated by driving the spindle servomotor 18, and the position of the cutting tool is controlled in the Z-axis direction with respect to the workpiece W to perform boring or the like.

Here, FIG. 6 is a front view showing the inside of the cover of the machine tool 5 and showing the relationship between the workpiece size and the machine width. The machine width B1 of the machine tool 5 is the distance between the outer surfaces of the left and right side walls of the exterior cover 6. However, since the machine tool 5 is for the purpose of making the machine width B1 smaller, the width dimension (B1) of the exterior cover 6 substantially matches the width dimension of the movable bed 16 on which the processing module 10 is mounted. It is formed in size. Therefore, in order to reduce the machine width B1 of the machine tool 5, it is necessary to reduce the width of the movable bed 16.

On the other hand, simply reducing the dimension of the machine width B1 results in a smaller workable workpiece as in the conventional example. In this respect, in the present embodiment, it is possible to increase the diameter of the work W that can be processed while reducing the machine width B1. The workpiece W shown in FIG. 5 has a maximum diameter that can be processed by the machine tool 5, and the workpiece diameter is B2. In such a case, in the machine tool 5 of the present embodiment, the dimension of the machine width B1 is slightly less than 1.5 times the workpiece diameter B2. Specifically, the machine width B1 is about 445 mm, while the workpiece diameter B2 is 300 mm.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the dimension of the machine width B1 could be 1.5 times or less of the workpiece diameter B2. That is, the work W that can be processed was increased while the size of the machine width B1 of the machine tool 5 was reduced. Such an effect is obtained by the following configuration of the machine tool 5. In other words, the headstock 12 is fixed to the movable bed 16, and the drive device that moves the tool relative to the work W is configured to operate above the headstock 12. More preferably, the column 31 which is the structural main body of the drive device is formed integrally with the head stock 12 and is disposed very close to the head stock 12 adjacent to the Y axis direction.

Further, the fact that the headstock 12 and the column 31 are extremely close to each other, and further, that the headstock 12 and the column 31 are integrally configured and fixed to the movable bed 16 from the column 31. Since the distance to the tool is extremely short, even if the drive device has a cantilever support structure, the drive device has sufficient rigidity against the reaction force received during processing. In other words, since it is not necessary to provide an excessively strong structure in order to obtain rigidity, the machine width can be reduced in this respect as well. Furthermore, the machine tool 5 is extremely effective for operations such as maintenance and replacement because the machining module 10 is mounted on the movable bed 16 and moves back and forth on the base 2.

As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the headstock 12 and the column 31 are integrally configured, but may be configured to be separately fixed to the movable base 16 as long as the close positional relationship is maintained. Further, the machine tool is not limited to the turret lathe shown in the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Processing machine line 2 ... Base 5 ... Machine tool 6 ... Exterior cover 7 ... Front cover 10 ... Processing module 11 ... Chuck 12 ... Spindle base 13 ... Turret device 16 ... Movable bed 18 ... Servo motor for spindle 21 ... Z-axis guide 22 ... Z-axis slide 23 ... Z-axis servo motor 31 ... Column 32 ... X-axis slide 33 ... X-axis servo motor W ... Workpiece

Claims

A movable bed that can be moved back and forth on the base;
A main shaft provided such that an axial direction thereof is a front-rear direction with respect to the main shaft base fixed to the movable bed;
A tool table that is located on the front side of the spindle and includes a tool for machining a workpiece held by the spindle;
A drive unit that moves the tool table in a Z-axis direction parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft and an X-axis direction that is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and that is the vertical direction;
The drive device is installed on the movable bed,
A Z-axis driving device disposed above the main shaft and supporting the tool table and moving in the Z-axis direction;
A machine tool, comprising: an X-axis drive device disposed on one side of the main shaft in the left-right width direction and moving the Z-axis drive device in the X-axis direction above the main shaft.
The Z-axis drive device includes a slider that holds the tool rest, a guide that guides the slider in the Z-axis direction, and a Z-axis movement mechanism that moves the slider in the Z-axis direction,
The X-axis drive device has a column fixed to the movable bed in the vicinity of the main shaft, a slide mechanism that moves the Z-axis drive device and the tool table up and down along the column, and an X-axis direction to the slide mechanism. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising: an X-axis moving mechanism that provides movement of
3. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the column is fixed to the movable bed integrally with a headstock that rotatably supports the spindle.
The X-axis drive device is disposed so as to be accommodated in the width direction of the movable bed, and the width dimension of the movable bed is 1.5 times or less of the maximum diameter of the work held by the main shaft. A machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3.