WO2016074341A1 - 一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统 - Google Patents

一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统 Download PDF

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WO2016074341A1
WO2016074341A1 PCT/CN2015/070431 CN2015070431W WO2016074341A1 WO 2016074341 A1 WO2016074341 A1 WO 2016074341A1 CN 2015070431 W CN2015070431 W CN 2015070431W WO 2016074341 A1 WO2016074341 A1 WO 2016074341A1
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solar panel
dual
tracking system
control unit
automatic tracking
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PCT/CN2015/070431
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English (en)
French (fr)
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顾全军
孙海涛
宋强
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黄山睿基新能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2016074341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016074341A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback

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  • the invention relates to the field of solar tracking brackets, in particular to a two-axis automatic tracking system capable of tracking the sun.
  • the pitch angle driving fulcrum of the tracking system (single-axis, dual-axis) grid generally adopts single-point push-pull or shaft rotation, and supports the grid at 2, 3, and 4 points.
  • the lower part has no support points, defects and deficiencies: dithering, poor wind and snow resistance, waste of materials, easy deformation of the grid, etc., and the drive device is easy to tremble in the grid Damage, damage to the stability and reliability of the entire system; the inherent clearance of the electric push rod or slewing bearing can not be overcome, resulting in high tracking error; after long-term field operation of the grid, it is difficult to ensure that the plane of the grid is not deformed, etc. .
  • These all form a fatal flaw in tracking system life can not meet the service life requirements of the tracking system for more than 20 years, and greatly increase the maintenance cost of the tracking system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a two-axis automatic tracking system capable of tracking the sun, which solves the problems of complicated structure, high cost, poor stability and short service life of the existing two-axis tracking system.
  • a dual-axis automatic tracking system capable of tracking the sun, comprising a controller, a driving main component and a solar panel grid;
  • the driving main component comprises a solar panel grid fixed a lower driven beam, an active beam and two connecting rods, two connecting rods are arranged at two ends of the active beam and connected with the active beam pin shaft; the other ends of the two connecting rods are respectively connected with the supporting beam shafts of the driven beam;
  • the driving beam is provided with a driving device; the controller controls the movement of the driving device, the driving device drives the driving of the active beam, and drives the driven beam to swing through the transmission of the two links, thereby realizing the swing of the solar panel grid It is perpendicular to the angle of solar light illumination.
  • the controller comprises a control unit, an electronic clock disposed in the control unit, a rotary encoder, and a motor driver connected to the driving device; the control unit controls the rotation of the motor driver according to the pulse signal sent by the electronic clock, and the motor driver drives the driving The device moves; the solar panel grid is swung, the rotary encoder detects the angle of the solar panel grid and feeds back to the control unit.
  • the control unit sends a control signal to The motor driver, the motor driver stops moving, and repeats the above action when the electronic time jumps to the next position.
  • the controller further sets a limit switch.
  • the limit switch operates to control the motor driver to stop running.
  • control unit is a single chip microcomputer; the type of the single chip microcomputer is STM32.
  • the driving device is a worm gear reducer.
  • the worm gear reducer is provided with a front end surface and a rear end surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface are relatively rotated, the rear end surface is fixed on the column, and the front end surface is fixedly connected with the active beam.
  • the solar panel grid comprises a column, a main beam fixed on the column, and the main beam is provided with a set of support beams arranged perpendicular to the main beam; the driven beam is a support beam disposed at an intermediate position.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the control of the solar panel grid is realized by the four-bar linkage mechanism, the structure is simple, the adjustment is flexible, and the stability is good.
  • the control system automatically adjusts the orientation of the solar panel grid according to the direction of the sun, controls its rotation, realizes full-automatic control, and saves cost.
  • the controller also sets a limit switch to prevent the motor driver from braking beyond the design threshold and effectively protect the equipment.
  • the worm gear reducer has a simple structure and good weather resistance, and can be used in various harsh environments.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the controller of the present invention.
  • a dual-axis automatic tracking system capable of tracking the sun, comprising a controller, a driving main component and a solar panel grid 5.
  • the solar panel grid 5 includes a column 10, a main beam 11 fixed on the column 10, and the main beam 11 is provided with a set of support beams 12 arranged perpendicular to the main beam 11; the driven beam 1 is disposed at Support beam 12 in the middle position.
  • the driving main component comprises a driven beam 1 fixed under the solar panel grid, an active beam 2 and two connecting rods 3, and the two connecting rods 3 are disposed at two ends of the driving beam 2 and connected to the driving shaft 2 pin shaft;
  • the other ends of the two links 3 are respectively connected to the two supporting pin shafts of the driven beam 1;
  • the driving beam 4 is provided with a driving device 4, and the driving device 4 is a worm gear reducer .
  • the worm gear reducer is provided with a front end surface and a rear end surface. The front end surface and the rear end surface are relatively rotated.
  • the rear end surface is fixed on the column, and the front end surface is fixedly connected with the active beam 2.
  • the controller controls the movement of the driving device 4, and the driving device 4 drives the driving beam 2 to swing, and drives the driven beam 1 to swing by the transmission of the two connecting rods 3, so that the swing of the solar panel grid 5 is enabled to be irradiated with the solar light.
  • the angle is vertical.
  • the controller comprises a control unit 6, an electronic clock 7 arranged in the control unit 6, a rotary encoder 8, a motor driver 9 connected to the drive unit 4, and a control unit 6 for controlling the motor based on a pulse signal from the electronic clock (7).
  • the driver 9 rotates, the motor driver 9 drives the driving device 4 to move; the solar panel grid 5 is swung, and the rotary encoder 8 detects the angle of the solar panel grid 5 and feeds back to the control unit 6, when the angle of rotation of the solar panel grid 5 is When the angle set by the control unit 6 is the same, the control unit 6 sends a control signal to the motor driver 9, and the motor driver 9 stops moving, and when the electronic time 7 jumps to the next position, the above action is repeated.
  • the controller also sets a limit switch 13.
  • the limit switch 13 operates to control the motor driver 9 to stop operating.
  • the control unit 6 is a single chip microcomputer.
  • the model of the single chip microcomputer is STM32.
  • the invention controls the rotation of the worm gear reducer through the single-chip controller, thereby driving the four-bar linkage mechanism to swing, pushing the solar panel grid to swing, and realizing automatic tracking to the day.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)

Abstract

一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，包括控制器，驱动主件及太阳能板网架（5）；驱动主件包括固定在太阳能板网架（5）下方的从动梁（1），主动梁（2）及两个连杆（3），两连杆（3）设置在主动梁（2）的两端并与主动梁（2）销轴连接；两连杆（3）的另一端分别与从动梁（1）两支撑垫销轴连接；主动梁（2）上设置有驱动装置（4）；控制器控制驱动装置（4）运动，驱动装置（4）带动主动梁（2）摆动，并通过两连杆（3）的传动从而带动从动梁（1）摆动，实现太阳能板网架（5）的摆动使其一直与太阳能光照射的角度垂直。该系统结构简单，稳定性好，能适用各类恶劣环境，可广泛应用于太阳能跟踪系统领域。

Description

一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能跟踪支架领域，尤其是涉及一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统.
背景技术
目前，在国内外的太阳能跟踪系统中，跟踪系统(单轴、双轴)网架的俯仰角驱动支点普遍采用单点推拉或者轴心旋转，多以2点、3点、4点支撑网架，并且是集中在网架上半部分，下半部分无支撑点，缺陷与不足：抖颤、抗风抗雪性能较差、用材浪费、网架易变形等，且驱动装置在网架抖颤中容易损坏，破坏了整个系统的稳定性、可靠性；电动推杆或者回转支承驱动装置的固有间隙无法克服，造成跟踪误差较高；网架长时间野外运行后，难以保证网架平面的不变形等。这些都形成了跟踪系统使用寿命低的致命缺陷，无法满足跟踪系统20年以上的使用寿命要求，并且大幅度的增加了跟踪系统的维护成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，解决现有双轴跟踪系统结构复杂，成本高，稳定性差，使用寿命短的问题。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，包括控制器，驱动主件及太阳能板网架；所述驱动主件包括固定在太阳能板网架下方的从动梁，主动梁及两个连杆，两连杆设置在主动梁的两端并与主动梁销轴连接；两连杆的另一端分别与从动梁两支撑垫销轴连接；所述主动梁上设置有驱动装置；所述控制器控制驱动装置运动，驱动装置带动主动梁摆动，并通过两连杆的传动从而带动从动梁摆动，实现太阳能板网架的摆动使其一直与太阳能光照射的角度垂直。
进一步的，所述控制器包括控制单元，设置在控制单元内的电子时钟，旋转编码器，与驱动装置连接的马达驱动器；控制单元根据电子时钟发出的脉冲信号控制马达驱动器转动，马达驱动器带动驱动装置运动；使太阳能板网架摆动， 旋转编码器检测太阳能板网架的角度并反馈给控制单元，当太阳能板网架的转动角度与控制单元设定的角度相同时，控制单元发出控制信号给马达驱动器，马达驱动器停止运动，当电子时间跳转至下一个位置点时，重复上述动作。
优选的，所述控制器还设置有限位开关，当旋转编码器检测太阳能板网架的角度超过设定值时，限位开关工作，控制马达驱动器停止运行。
进一步的，所述控制单元为单片机；所述单片机的型号为STM32。所述驱动装置为蜗轮蜗杆减速机。
更进一步的，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速机设置有前端面和后端面，前端面和后端面相对转动，所述后端面固定在立柱上，前端面与主动梁固定连接。所述太阳能板网架包括立柱，固定在立柱上的主梁，所述主梁上设置有一组与主梁垂直布置的支撑梁；所述从动梁为设置在中间位置的支撑梁。
本发明的有益效果：通过四连杆机构实现，对太阳能板网架的控制，结构简单，调节灵活，且稳定性好。所述控制系统根据太阳的走向自动调节太阳能板网架的朝向，控制其转动，实现全自动控制，节省成本。且控制器还设置有限位开关，防止马达驱动器制动量超过设计的临界值，有效保护设备安全。所述蜗轮蜗杆减速机结构简单，耐候性好，可以在各类恶劣环境下使用。
以下将结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行较为详细的说明。
附图说明
图1为本发明的立体结构示意图。
图2为本发明控制器的原理图。
具体实施方式
实施例，如图1、图2所示，一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，包括控制器，驱动主件及太阳能板网架5。所述太阳能板网架5包括立柱10，固定在立柱10上的主梁11，所述主梁11上设置有一组与主梁11垂直布置的支撑梁12；所述从动梁1为设置在中间位置的支撑梁12。所述驱动主件包括固定在太阳能板网架下方的从动梁1，主动梁2及两个连杆3，两连杆3设置在主动梁2的两端并与主动梁2销轴连接；两连杆3的另一端分别与从动梁1的两支撑垫销轴连接；所述主动梁2上设置有驱动装置4，所述驱动装置4为蜗轮蜗杆减速机 。所述蜗轮蜗杆减速机设置有前端面和后端面，前端面和后端面相对转动，所述后端面固定在立柱上，前端面与主动梁2固定连接。
所述控制器控制驱动装置4运动，驱动装置4带动主动梁2摆动，并通过两连杆3的传动从而带动从动梁1摆动，实现太阳能板网架5的摆动使其一直与太阳能光照射的角度垂直。
所述控制器包括控制单元6，设置在控制单元6内的电子时钟7，旋转编码器8，与驱动装置4连接的马达驱动器9；控制单元6根据电子时钟(7)发出的脉冲信号控制马达驱动器9转动，马达驱动器9带动驱动装置4运动；使太阳能板网架5摆动，旋转编码器8检测太阳能板网架5的角度并反馈给控制单元6，当太阳能板网架5的转动角度与控制单元6设定的角度相同时，控制单元6发出控制信号给马达驱动器9，马达驱动器9停止运动，当电子时间7跳转至下一个位置点时，重复上述动作。
所述控制器还设置有限位开关13，当旋转编码器8检测太阳能板网架5的角度超过设定值时，限位开关13工作，控制马达驱动器9停止运行。
所述控制单元6为单片机。所述单片机的型号为STM32。
本发明通过单片机控制器控制蜗轮蜗杆减速机转动，从而带动四连杆机构摆动，推动太阳能板网架摆动，实现对日自动跟踪。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，包括控制器，驱动主件及太阳能板网架(5)；其特征在于：所述驱动主件包括固定在太阳能板网架下方的从动梁(1)，主动梁(2)及两个连杆(3)，两连杆(3)设置在主动梁(2)的两端并与主动梁(2)销轴连接；两连杆(3)的另一端分别与从动梁(1)的两支撑垫销轴连接；所述主动梁(2)上设置有驱动装置(4)；
    所述控制器控制驱动装置(4)运动，驱动装置(4)带动主动梁(2)摆动，并通过两连杆(3)的传动从而带动从动梁(1)摆动，实现太阳能板网架(5)的摆动使其一直与太阳能光照射的角度垂直。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述控制器包括控制单元(6)，设置在控制单元(6)内的电子时钟(7)，旋转编码器(8)，与驱动装置(4)连接的马达驱动器(9)；控制单元(6)根据电子时钟(7)发出的脉冲信号控制马达驱动器(9)转动，马达驱动器(9)带动驱动装置(4)运动；使太阳能板网架(5)摆动，旋转编码器(8)检测太阳能板网架(5)的角度并反馈给控制单元(6)，当太阳能板网架(5)的转动角度与控制单元(6)设定的角度相同时，控制单元(6)发出控制信号给马达驱动器(9)，马达驱动器(9)停止运动，当电子时间(7)跳转至下一个位置点时，重复上述动作。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述控制器还设置有限位开关(13)，当旋转编码器(8)检测太阳能板网架(5)的角度超过设定值时，限位开关(13)工作，控制马达驱动器(9)停止运行。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述控制单元(6)为单片机。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述单片机的型号为STM32。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述驱动装置(4)为蜗轮蜗杆减速机。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述蜗轮蜗杆减速机设置有前端面和后端面，前端面和后端面相对转动，所述后端面固定在立柱上，前端面与主动梁(2)固定连接。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统，其特征在于：所述太阳能板网架(5)包括立柱(10)，固定在立柱(10)上的主梁(11)，所述主梁(11)上设置有一组与主梁(11)垂直布置的支撑梁(12)；所述从动梁(1)为设置在中间位置的支撑梁(12)。
PCT/CN2015/070431 2014-11-10 2015-01-09 一种可追日的双轴自动跟踪系统 WO2016074341A1 (zh)

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CN108336959B (zh) * 2018-03-06 2023-08-15 天津大学 建筑集成用太阳能组件双轴联动装置

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CN104102227A (zh) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-15 中信博新能源科技（苏州）有限公司 多点承载式双轴太阳能跟踪装置

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