WO2016066266A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor intérieur en court-circuit - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor intérieur en court-circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016066266A1
WO2016066266A1 PCT/EP2015/002149 EP2015002149W WO2016066266A1 WO 2016066266 A1 WO2016066266 A1 WO 2016066266A1 EP 2015002149 W EP2015002149 W EP 2015002149W WO 2016066266 A1 WO2016066266 A1 WO 2016066266A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
copper
laminated core
short
core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/002149
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Meier-Wagner
Christian Rucha
Park SOON HO
Original Assignee
Wilo Se
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilo Se filed Critical Wilo Se
Publication of WO2016066266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016066266A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/0012—Manufacturing cage rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/04—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/04—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for joining parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a
  • Short-circuit inner rotor for an electric motor with a rotor core, which has rotor grooves, which are filled to form short-circuiting rods of a cage with copper or a copper alloy.
  • Squirrel-cage rotors of asynchronous motors are designed with short-circuit bars made of copper, a copper alloy or aluminum, which extend along the laminated core. This can be done by Bestabung according to a first variant, wherein massive short-circuiting rods are manufactured separately from the laminated core and then inserted axially into its rotor grooves. The ends of the shorting bars are then soldered or welded with shorting rings. These are complex steps in the production of the squirrel cage rotor.
  • the short-circuit cage is made of one piece.
  • materials here are also aluminum or copper known, with copper leads to better efficiency, but due to the high
  • Melting temperature which is higher by a factor of 2 compared to aluminum, and causes lower tool life due to the high casting pressures. As a result, the mold parts have to be replaced more frequently, which also increases the production cost and the manufacturing cost.
  • centrifugal forces are pressed radially outward against the inner rotor groove wall.
  • the advantage of the centrifugal casting method is that the rotor laminated core represents the casting mold for the short-circuiting rods to be formed. Nevertheless, in the method according to EP 1 188 215 B1, an inner
  • Mold tool part close the radially inwardly open rotor grooves of the rotor core.
  • Centrifugal casting is that the inflowing metal as a result of
  • Air bubbles is because the air collects radially inward. But this is precisely the reason that this homogeneity is not guaranteed in the radially inner region of the filled rotor grooves. However, this range is essential for a good electrical efficiency of the electric motor, since the transition of the electromagnetic field lines between the stator and the rotor is present here.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a comparison with the prior art improved method for producing a short inner rotor for an electric motor, which is a simpler and thus more economical
  • Centrifugal casting be filled with liquid copper or a liquid copper alloy. This means that the grooved short internal rotor rotates during the filling process. In this case, the inflowing copper is thrown in the radial direction outward into the spaces to be filled and fills them homogeneously, resulting in better electrical properties and a higher efficiency of the inner short-circuit rotor compared to the conventional die-casting process.
  • Rotor lamination packages take place during centrifugal casting around the longitudinal axis of the rotor lamination stack. This means that the axis of rotation is the longitudinal axis of the
  • the direction of flow is radially to the rotor axis, so that the copper or copper alloy is thrown in the rotor grooves radially outward against the inside of the rotor grooves outwardly bounding wall of the laminated core.
  • the rotor rods receive a particularly high degree of homogeneity in the region lying radially outside the axis of rotation, which is spatially adjacent to the magnetic gap between the rotor and the stator, so that the electromagnetic field lines can be easily absorbed by the rotor laminated core.
  • the rotation of the rotor lamination stack during centrifugal casting can take place about an axis lying outside of the rotor lamination stack, which is perpendicular to the axis
  • Impurities in the liquid copper or in the liquid copper alloy would thus accumulate at one axial end of the inner short shunt
  • the entire inner copper conductor structure of the inner short-circuit rotor is homogeneous, whereby a maximum electrical conductivity and thus a maximum efficiency is achieved.
  • short-circuit rings are formed simultaneously at the axial ends of the rotor grooves. This has the advantage that the short-circuit rings need not be manufactured separately and then soldered or welded. The production of the whole
  • Short-circuit cage thus takes place in a single manufacturing step.
  • Short-circuit cage becomes an integral part of the laminated core.
  • Rotor laminated core can be turned to a smaller diameter. This causes the trained shorting bars are brought closer to the magnetic air gap between the rotor and stator, or the distance between
  • Air gap and shorting bar is lower. Due to the higher permeability of the copper or the copper alloy relative to the sheet of Rotorb lechpers the electromagnetic field lines can then easily penetrate into the rotor. The efficiency of the electric motor is thereby improved. This effect can be further enhanced by turning the rotor until the rotor slots filled with the copper or copper alloy become part of the rotor shaft
  • An inventive idea is to largely dispense with moldings for producing the casting mold. That for the production of the
  • Inner rotor short-circuit used inner rotor core forms at least in the radial direction itself the casting mold for the short-circuit bars.
  • the rotor grooves in the laminated core are therefore closed. This can be done by the sheet package itself is closed radially outward, so that the rotor grooves are not first closed have to. It is only necessary to provide at the axial ends of the rotor laminated core tool moldings having a cavity for forming the end short-circuit rings. These are attached before the centrifugal casting on the axial side of the rotor core.
  • the longitudinal axis of the rotor lamination stack may be vertically disposed during the filling of the copper or copper alloy. This means in the case of the longitudinal axis as a rotation axis, that first then fills the then underlying cavity for one of the short-circuit rings and then fill the rotor grooves from bottom to top. Due to the rotational movement of the rotor, the filling level in the rotor grooves is approximately conical in axial cross-section. This has the advantage that air inclusions in the copper or copper alloy can escape radially upwards in the radial direction. Last, the cavity for the upper
  • the vertical arrangement of the rotor lamination stack also has the advantage that the necessary for the rotation of the rotor lamination stack bearing evenly.
  • the longitudinal axis of the rotor lamination packet is arranged horizontally during filling. If the longitudinal axis is the axis of rotation, although here are the bearings of the centrifugal casting machine due to the weight of the
  • Rotor laminated cores and the increasingly filling grooves in their lower region more heavily loaded results in the filling of the copper respectively the copper alloy advantages.
  • the filling process is more uniform, because the rotor grooves, as a result of the rotation over the entire axial length, fill uniformly progressively from radially outside to radially inside.
  • Another advantage is that it can be filled from both axial ends of the rotor core, as will be described below.
  • the rotation preferably takes place during the entire filling process. That is, the rotor core already rotates when the filling process has begun. However, it is useful in vertically arranged laminated core that the rotation begins only when the lower cavity is filled for the short-circuit ring, so that there are no air pockets in the radially inner region of this cavity, where from the perspective of the grooves undercuts are present.
  • the rotor laminated core rotates during filling at a speed between 500 and 1000 revolutions per minute. On the one hand, this rotational speed does not impose any great demands on the rotary drive of the casting machine for the rotor laminated core, but on the other hand simultaneously ensures sufficient
  • the rotor core rotates during filling according to a predefined speed profile.
  • a first speed while filling the rotor grooves a second speed and when filling the upper cavity for the second shorting ring, a third speed
  • the second speed is greater than that first speed and the third speed may be less than the second speed.
  • the low first and third speed ensures a uniform filling of the lower cavity in the radial direction. The lower the speed, the flatter the cone angle of the fill level in the rotor slots and the
  • Short inner rotor as usual in the art, have arranged in the rotor plate bounded rotor grooves.
  • the rotor slots and, correspondingly, the short-circuit bars formed therein are not parallel to the axis, but extend at an angle to such an axis-parallel straight line. This improves the startup characteristics of the electric motor.
  • the rotation of the Rotorb lechunes takes place counter to the direction of the rotation of the rotor grooves. That is, when a rotor groove extends from one axial end of the rotor lamination pact to the other axial end and thereby extends in a circumferential direction, the rotational direction of the lamination stack in the
  • Direction of rotation coincides.
  • the latter is present both in vertical and in horizontal arrangement of the rotor core.
  • the level would be even more oblique - vertical arrangement. This is done by a to
  • the rotor lamination packet continues to rotate after the completion of the filling until the temperature of the copper or the copper alloy has fallen below a certain temperature limit.
  • this temperature limit is the solidification temperature of the copper or copper alloy.
  • this temperature limit is the solidification temperature of the copper or copper alloy.
  • the copper or copper alloy can be made coaxial with the
  • Rotor laminated core attached pipe or a trunk to be filled This applies to both the horizontal and the vertical arrangement of the rotor core. While the vertically arranged rotor core stack is basically up to
  • Atmosphere can be opened, and the liquid copper can be poured from a crucible in the rotor grooves respectively in an opening which is present in the forming the upper side shorting ring molding, the proboscis is required for a coaxial filling of the copper or copper alloy, when the rotor lamination package is arranged horizontally.
  • the tube or the trunk can then be attached to an opening in the form of a short-circuit forming part and flows in the axial direction horizontally into the rotor grooves of the rotor core.
  • a supply line understood that is more flexible than a pipe. Both the pipe and the trunk can do one
  • the horizontal arrangement of the longitudinal axis of the Rotorb lechpers, if this is simultaneously the axis of rotation, has the advantage that the copper or copper alloy from both axial sides of the rotor core by a respective coaxial with
  • Rotor laminated core arranged pipe or a correspondingly arranged trunk can be filled.
  • the filling process consequently takes place from both axial sides, so that the two flow fronts of the copper or the copper alloy meet approximately at the axial center of the rotor lamination stack.
  • the filling of both axial sides on the one hand has the advantage that the filling process is accelerated, on the other hand, due to the reduced flow paths of the respective copper stream or copper alloy stream, the cooling rate is reduced, so that the viscosity over approximately the entire filling in the
  • An alternative way to achieve this goal is to heat the laminated core during filling, in particular to a temperature between about 1100 ° C and 1500 ° C. This causes the copper or copper alloy to be kept liquid during filling.
  • the tube or the trunk or the tubes or the trunk can be heated to a temperature of at least 200 ° C prior to the first casting. This has the advantage that stress cracks will be avoided. Furthermore, a
  • Heating to a higher temperature in particular at least 1100 ° C.
  • Short circuit rings corresponding moldings to be provided at the axial ends of the Rotorb lechpers that have on their inner side facing the laminated core each having a cavity whose inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of each short-circuit ring to be formed.
  • These moldings may be part of a casting machine into which the rotor lamination stack is inserted and which then move coaxially to each other.
  • the moldings form covers for the rotor laminated core, which are initially placed manually or by machine on the rotor laminated core this encompassing and then used together with the rotor core in the casting machine.
  • the moldings in particular the covers, may be made of a ceramic or ceramic coated material to resist the temperatures of the liquid copper or copper alloy and prevent fusion. However, other high temperature resistant materials may be used. Further advantages and features of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment and the accompanying figures. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 perspective view of a rotor core with rotor slots
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the rotor laminated core according to FIG. 1 in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 rotor core with cross-section cage produced in cross section
  • FIG. 5 perspective view of the rotor core with cast iron
  • FIG. 6 shows a detail of the rotor laminated core according to FIG. 5 in a sectioned manner
  • FIG. 8 shows a section of the turned rotor laminated core according to FIG. 7 in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows an inventive rotor core 2 of a
  • the laminated core 2 has rotor grooves 6 which extend below the lateral surface 5 from one axial end to the other axial end.
  • the rotor grooves 6 are closed radially outwardly by the outer jacket of the rotor core 2, so that they form channels. Furthermore, the rotor grooves are restricted in the laminated core 2, as is clear in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • Figure 2 shows the rotor core 2 in a perspective view in part
  • cut rotor laminations 2 shows the restricted arrangement of Rotornuten 6.
  • the free view is given at the top left end in the beginning of a first closed rotor groove 6, whereas at the other end a partially cut in the circumferential direction behind the first rotor groove 6 lying second rotor groove 6 can be seen.
  • the rotor laminated core is closed at each end by ceramic covers 4a, 4b which partially surround the end faces of the rotor core 6.
  • each of these covers 4a, 4b there is a cavity 7, which serves in each case for forming a short-circuit ring 9.
  • the first of the two cover caps 4a has a central opening through which a proboscis 3 extends, through which liquid copper can flow into the cavity 7. So that the copper does not flow into the coaxial bore for the rotor shaft, it is closed with a stopper.
  • FIG. 3 shows the final state of the rotor grooves 6 and cavities 7 filled with liquid copper 10.
  • liquid copper 10 is filled through the trunk 3, see arrow A, into the trunk-side short-circuiting ring cavity 7, while the rotor laminated core 2 together with end caps 4a, 4b rotates along the coaxial with the rotor laminated core 6 axis of rotation 1, see arrow B.
  • the rotor core 2 is horizontally mounted.
  • the introduction of the copper 10 in the mold is carried out without pressure or only with the weight of the flowing
  • Rotornuten 6 evenly filled. By acting centrifugal forces, the copper 10 is thrown radially outward and flows evenly along the
  • the copper 10 then forms
  • the rotor laminated core 2 forms the casting mold of the short-circuiting cage to be produced for the filling operation, since the rotor laminated core is closed on the outside of its lateral surface 5.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the finished inner short inner rotor, wherein the cover caps 4a, 4b are still placed.
  • the short-circuiting rods 8 and the short-circuiting rings 9 are produced in one piece from copper 10 and form an integral component with the rotor laminated core 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows the short-circuit inner rotor 1 with the short-circuiting rods and short-circuiting rings 9 produced by centrifugal casting, the cover caps 4a, 4b being removed in comparison to FIG. The outer circumferential surface 5 of the rotor core 2 is still closed.
  • Figure 6 shows an enlarged view of a section of the filled
  • Rotor laminated core 2 wherein in the circumferential direction a quarter piece and in the axial direction a portion of the inner short inner rotor is cut out.
  • the view is thus free on the filled rotor grooves 6, in which now after the
  • Short-circuit bars 8 which extend linearly in the outer jacket 5 of the rotor core 2 from one axial end to the other axial end.
  • An enlargement of the cut-rotor core 2 with a view of the short-circuit bars 8 in the rotated state of the rotor core 2 is shown in Figure 8.
  • Short internal rotor 1 leads to a higher density of the copper 10 and to a more homogeneous structure, since air bubbles collect in the liquid metal in the radially inner region of the not yet completely filled rotor grooves 6.
  • the high density and homogeneity of the liquid copper 0 combined with the good electrical conductivity of the copper leads to a significant increase of the
  • Rotor package 2 and the covers 4a, 4b would require, which seals should also be specially formed due to the rotation of the rotor core 2, at least in the region of the trench 3, on the one hand to ensure the tightness and on the other hand the possibility of rotation.
  • the centrifugal casting method according to the invention for producing the short-circuit cage in the rotor laminated core due to the higher copper density leads to a higher efficiency of the electric motor, to longer tool life in contrast to Kupfertikgussclar and a simpler
  • Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention with an axis of rotation lying outside the rotor core 2, to which the
  • Rotor laminated core 2 when filling the liquid copper rotates, wherein the axis of rotation is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal axis lying here horizontally. Thus, a filling of the rotor grooves takes place in the axial direction.
  • the wooachsenfeme shorting ring 9 is formed first, the near-axis short-circuit ring 9 last.
  • Air pockets, voids and other impurities are pressed as a result of centripetal force in the direction of the short-circuit ring near the axis of rotation and also further pressed radially inward into the inlet funnel or sprue, which opens into the free axis forming the rotational axis near short-circuit ring 9.
  • the filled rotor core 2 is separated from this sprue. Since remaining copper in the runner can be disposed of or remelted. In any case, the impurities in the copper are completely removed from the inner short circuit, so that the shorting bars and rings are completely homogeneous. This achieves maximum efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Induction Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un rotor intérieur en court-circuit (1) destiné à un moteur électrique. Le rotor intérieur en court-circuit comprend un empilage de tôles de rotor (2), qui comporte des encoches de rotor (6) qui sont remplies de cuivre (10) ou d'un alliage de cuivre pour former des barres de court-circuit (8) d'une cage. Les encoches de rotor (6) de l'empilage de tôles de rotor (2) sont d'abord fermées en direction de l'enveloppe extérieure (5) et elles sont remplies du cuivre (10) ou de l'alliage de cuivre par coulée centrifuge. Des anneaux de court-circuit (9) sont formés simultanément aux extrémités axiales des encoches de rotor (6).
PCT/EP2015/002149 2014-10-31 2015-10-29 Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor intérieur en court-circuit WO2016066266A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014015965.5 2014-10-31
DE102014015965.5A DE102014015965A1 (de) 2014-10-31 2014-10-31 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kurzschlussinnenläufers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016066266A1 true WO2016066266A1 (fr) 2016-05-06

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PCT/EP2015/002149 WO2016066266A1 (fr) 2014-10-31 2015-10-29 Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor intérieur en court-circuit

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DE (1) DE102014015965A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016066266A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113333709A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-09-03 芜湖磁轮传动技术有限公司 一种导体转子的离心铸造方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2381616A (en) * 1942-05-11 1945-08-07 Us Electrical Motors Inc Centrifugal casting apparatus
US3261061A (en) * 1962-05-14 1966-07-19 Gen Electric Casting equipment for use in the fabrication of rotor secondary windings
US4158225A (en) * 1975-08-21 1979-06-12 Ronk Electrical Industries, Inc. Rotary dynamoelectric machine having high-resistance rotor
US20110198964A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Investment casting of induction motor rotors

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI19992456A (fi) 1999-11-16 2001-05-17 Miscel Oy Ltd Rakenne ja menetelmä sähkömoottorikäytössä
BRPI0106597B1 (pt) * 2001-12-28 2016-03-15 Brasil Compressores Sa processo de injeção de rotores de motores elétricos

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2381616A (en) * 1942-05-11 1945-08-07 Us Electrical Motors Inc Centrifugal casting apparatus
US3261061A (en) * 1962-05-14 1966-07-19 Gen Electric Casting equipment for use in the fabrication of rotor secondary windings
US4158225A (en) * 1975-08-21 1979-06-12 Ronk Electrical Industries, Inc. Rotary dynamoelectric machine having high-resistance rotor
US20110198964A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Investment casting of induction motor rotors

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113333709A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-09-03 芜湖磁轮传动技术有限公司 一种导体转子的离心铸造方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE102014015965A1 (de) 2016-05-04

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