WO2016065882A1

WO2016065882A1 - Portable sewage purification and electricity generation apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2016065882A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/078435
Authority: WO
Inventors: 林善雅
Original assignee: 林志勋
Priority date: 2014-10-30
Filing date: 2015-05-07
Publication date: 2016-05-06

Abstract

Disclosed is a portable sewage purification and electricity generation apparatus, falling within the technical field of water purification and electrical apparatus manufacture. Multiple layers of photo-catalytic reaction membranes are provided inside a water storage container, a seal cover is provided at the top of the water storage container, a sewage inlet port and a hydrogen discharge pipe are provided on the seal cover, the hydrogen discharge pipe is connected to a hydrogen battery, and the lower portion of the water storage container is connected to a filtration device. The portable sewage purification and electricity generation apparatus of the present invention can effectively purify sewage polluted by organic substances, and can generate hydrogen which is used as a power generation raw material for the hydrogen battery. The apparatus has a low preparation cost and is suitable for household water purification and power supply of small electrical apparatuses in the third world. Applying the principle of the apparatus to the roof and inside of a house can treat and change sanitary sewage into drinking water so as to save water resources.

Description

Portable sewage purification and power generation device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water purification and electric equipment manufacturing, and particularly relates to a portable sewage purification and electric power generation device.

Background technique

At present, drinking water in developed countries mainly relies on water purifiers to purify river water or sewage. Coastal areas use seawater desalination to prepare drinking water. In river water treatment where water sources are relatively clean, filtration can be used, but most drinking water treatment takes The treatment technology is reverse osmosis membrane treatment technology, which has the highest purity of water, low requirements for water treatment, and various contaminated waters can be purified. The treatment method mainly includes two steps, the first step is filtration. The large particle molecules and colored substances in the sewage are filtered out and then purified by the reverse osmosis membrane. The process is a energy-consuming process, which requires additional work, consumes electric energy, and the tail water cannot be recycled, and needs to be discharged and waste water resources.

Water purifier equipment is too costly for the underdeveloped third world people to consume electricity and waste some water resources. The people in the third world generally do not have more developed industries. The pollution of water is mainly organic. If you can invent a device that can effectively remove organic pollutants from water and generate electricity, it is undoubtedly poor for the third world. The population is of great help in improving their lives.

Titanium dioxide is a compound that is sensitive to ultraviolet light. It absorbs ultraviolet energy, electrons are excited, and oxygen is reduced by excited electrons to form superoxide anion (O ^2- ·). The superoxide anion reacts with water to produce hydroxyl free. The base (·OH), which has the function of scavenging organic matter, adsorbing dust, etc., at the same time, the water is excited by the excited electrons, the hydrogen receives electrons to generate hydrogen, and the oxygen is excited by the excited electrons to form superoxide anions (O ^2- ·). , forming a cycle, at present, no one has used this principle to develop devices for water purification and power production.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a portable sewage purification and power generation device suitable for use in water and small power supply for people in third world countries.

The inventors have found that when titanium dioxide absorbs the energy of ultraviolet light, electrons are generated by excitation, and then electrons and holes are generated by the excitation electrons, and oxygen forms superoxide anions (O ^2- ·), superoxide anions. Reacts with water to produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which produce a process of free radical oxidation of organic compounds, resulting in the purification of water, based on which the organic compounds decompose to produce harmless carbon dioxide and water. The use of titanium dioxide to decompose water molecules, first proposed by Akira Fujishima, electrolysis, the redox reaction caused by photogenerated electrons and holes, so that hydrogen and oxygen are formed (finally oxygen is consumed in the side reaction, so hydrogen is the main product).

Electrons tend to move to lower energies, and when this shift occurs between the valence band and the conduction band, it is called recombination. In this process, electrons (e ^- ) have been excited from the valence band to the conduction band of titanium dioxide, falling back into the valence band, which is a state in which the pores (H ⁺ ) are empty. This phenomenon hinders the water decomposition reaction and photocatalytic redox. Therefore, in order to overcome this phenomenon, prevention of reorganization is prevented. The addition of an appropriate amount of reducing agent or oxidizing agent is preferred to select a recombination of a hole pair; an example of doping titanium dioxide with a noble metal. When photocatalysis occurs in an aqueous solution comprising a reducing agent, also known as an electron donor/hole scavenger, the photogenerated holes irreversibly oxidize the reducing agent, rather than water. Therefore, hydrogen production is increased. Many common organic contaminants, such as methanol, glycerin and EDTA, act as excellent reductants, hole scavengers, which reduce the chance of recombination of electron-hole pairs, thereby enhancing the rate of hydrogen production. At the same time, they can be effectively broken down.

A portable sewage purification and electric power generation device, wherein a water storage container 1 is provided with a plurality of photocatalytic reaction membranes 2, a sealing cover 3 is arranged on the top of the water storage container 1, and a sewage inlet port 4 and hydrogen gas are arranged on the sealing cover 3. The discharge pipe 5, the hydrogen discharge pipe 5 is connected to the hydrogen battery 6, and the lower portion of the water storage container 1 is connected to the filtering device 7;

The photocatalytic reaction film 2 has a hexagonal mesh structure, and the sides of the mesh are coated with nano titanium dioxide.

The filter device 7 is divided into three layers, the upper layer is an activated carbon layer 8, the middle layer is a quartz sand layer 9, and the lower layer is a fibrous particle layer 10.

The fibrous particle layer 10 is prepared from natural plant fibers having a particle size of from 0.1 to 5 um.

The sewage inlet port 4 is provided with a sealed switch 11.

A valve 12 is disposed on the hydrogen discharge pipe 5.

The material of the water storage container 1 and the sealing cover 3 is acrylate.

A sewage purification and electric power generation device is provided with a photocatalytic reaction film 2 on a roof 13, a transparent resin 17 is disposed on the photocatalytic reaction film 2, and a joint of the transparent resin 17 and the roof 13 is sealed, and the transparent resin 17 is separated from the roof. The distance from the top surface of the 13 is 0.5-5 cm, the hydrogen resin discharge pipe 5 is connected to the transparent resin 17, the hydrogen gas discharge pipe 5 is connected to the hydrogen battery 6, and the waste pipe 15 is provided in the house 14 to the transparent resin 17 at the height of the roof 13. a lower portion of the roof 13 is provided with a return port 16, a return port 16 is connected to the filter 19, and a filter 19 is connected to the water reservoir 18.

The material of the transparent resin 17 is acrylate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the portable sewage purification and electric power generation device of the invention can effectively purify sewage contaminated by organic substances, and can generate hydrogen gas for power generation raw materials of hydrogen batteries, and the device has low preparation cost and is suitable for household water in the third world. For purification and power supply of small power equipment, the principle of the device is applied to the roof and the house, which can treat domestic sewage, turn into drinking water, and save water.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a portable sewage purification and power generation device of Embodiment 1;

2 is a schematic structural view of a sewage purification and power generation device of Embodiment 2;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a photocatalytic reaction film;

In the figure, 1-water storage container, 2-photocatalytic reaction membrane, 3-sealed lid, 4-sewage inlet, 5-hydrogen outlet, 6-hydrogen battery, 7-filter, 8-activated carbon layer, 9 - quartz sand layer, 10-fiber particle layer, 11-sealed switch, 12-valve, 13-roof, 14-house, 15-waste pipe, 16-return port, 17-transparent resin, 18-storage, 19 -filter.

detailed description

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

A portable sewage purification and power generation device, as shown in FIG. 1 , a multi-layer photocatalytic reaction film 2 is disposed in the water storage container 1 , and a sealing cover 3 is disposed on the top of the water storage container 1 , and the sealing cover 3 is disposed on the sealing cover 3 a sewage inlet port 4 and a hydrogen gas discharge pipe 5, the hydrogen gas discharge pipe 5 is connected to the hydrogen battery 6, and a lower portion of the water storage container 1 is connected to the filtering device 7;

As shown in FIG. 3, the photocatalytic reaction film 2 has a hexagonal mesh structure, and the sides of the mesh are coated with nano titanium dioxide. The hexagonal grid structure is made of polymer resin polymer or stainless steel. Titanium dioxide is coated on the surface by sputtering to form a uniform distribution. The grid design not only increases the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with organic pollutants. The contact surface also increases the surface area of the ultraviolet radiation, increasing the efficiency of purification and the efficiency of hydrogen production.

The filter device 7 is divided into three layers, the upper layer is an activated carbon layer 8, the middle layer is a quartz sand layer 9, and the lower layer is a fibrous particle layer 10. The fibrous particle layer 10 is prepared from natural plant fibers having a particle size of from 0.1 to 5 um.

The activated carbon layer 8 can adsorb difficult-to-remove pigment molecules and unreacted organic macromolecular particles in the sewage. The quartz sand layer can remove some inorganic salt ions and inorganic macromolecules. The setting of the plant fiber layer is critical because it is water-treated. At the last level, the natural plant fiber has a small particle size, adsorbs most harmful inorganic salt ions and small organic molecules, and can adsorb untreated bacteria, viruses and other biologically active factors. Natural plant fibers can be made of coconut shell and peanut shell. The willow bark and the like are dried and pulverized.

Because of biologically active factors such as bacteria and viruses, there is a certain ability to resist the attack of hydroxyl radicals, which may not be completely removed in the system. The inventors have found through experiments that the juice of succulent grass has adsorbed cells and viruses and The activity of the killing, the inventor adopts the chemical extraction method, extracts the active extract of the succulent grass, and in the water purification, according to the ratio of the mass ratio of the extract to the sewage: 1:10000-50000, the grass is added. Extract, better purification effect, can effectively kill water The virus and bacteria in the region are especially suitable for the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. In order to avoid the infection of Ebola virus through drinking water, the method of extracting active extract of Saucegrass is: The succulent leaves are dried, ground into powder, and extracted three times with 10-15 times mass of 70% ethanol solution. The filter residue is extracted once with 3-5 times mass of 30% ethanol solution, and combined twice. The filtrate was decolorized and evaporated to dryness to give a white powder.

The sewage inlet port 4 is provided with a sealed switch 11. A valve 12 is disposed on the hydrogen discharge pipe 5. The material of the water storage container 1 and the sealing cover 3 is acrylate. The acrylate is an ultra-transparent material to ensure that the ultraviolet light passes through the material smoothly.

The anode and cathode of the hydrogen battery of the present embodiment are separated by a diaphragm, oxygen is generated at the cathode and hydrogen is generated at the anode, and H ₂ reacts with the catalyst at the anode to convert H ₂ into electrons and hydrogen ions to move electrons to generate current through the wire. Hydrogen ions move through the electrolyte membrane and combine with oxygen ions at the cathode to produce water.

Example 2

A sewage purification and power generation device, as shown in FIG. 2, a photocatalytic reaction film 2 is disposed on a roof 13, a transparent resin 17 is disposed on the photocatalytic reaction film 2, and a joint of the transparent resin 17 and the roof 13 is sealed. The distance between the transparent resin 17 and the top surface of the roof 13 is 0.5-5 cm, the transparent resin 17 is connected to the hydrogen discharge pipe 5, the hydrogen discharge pipe 5 is connected to the hydrogen battery 6, and the indoor 14 is provided with a waste pipe 15 leading to the roof 13 high. On the transparent resin 17, a lower portion of the roof 13 is provided with a return port 16, a return port 16 is connected to the filter 19, and a filter 19 is connected to the water reservoir 18.

The material of the transparent resin 17 is acrylate.

When using the device, the domestic sewage is pumped into the waste pipe by the pressure pump, and the waste water in the waste pipe Rise to the top of the roof, slowly staying from top to bottom, touching the titanium dioxide catalyst on the grid, removing organic pollutants and generating hydrogen under the ultraviolet radiation of sunlight, using hydrogen into the hydrogen battery to remove organic pollutants. Enter the filter to filter, and finally enter the reservoir to save and use.

Claims

A portable sewage purification and power generation device, characterized in that a water storage container (1) is provided with a plurality of photocatalytic reaction membranes (2), and a sealing cover (3) is arranged on the top of the water storage container (1). The sealing cover (3) is provided with a sewage inlet port (4) and a hydrogen discharge pipe (5), the hydrogen discharge pipe (5) is connected with the hydrogen battery (6), and the lower portion of the water storage container (1) is connected to the filtering device (7). ;

The photocatalytic reaction membrane (2) is a hexagonal lattice structure, and the side of the grid is coated with nano titanium dioxide.
The portable sewage purification and power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the filtering device (7) is divided into three layers, the upper layer is an activated carbon layer (8), and the middle layer is a quartz sand layer (9), and the lower layer It is a layer of fibrous particles (10).
A portable sewage purification and power generation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said fibrous particle layer (10) is prepared from natural plant fibers having a particle size of from 0.1 to 5 um.
A portable sewage purification and power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sewage inlet port (4) is provided with a sealed switch (11).
A portable sewage purification and power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen discharge pipe (5) is provided with a valve (12).
A portable sewage purification and power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the water storage container (1) and the sealing cover (3) is acrylate.
A sewage purification and electric power generation device, characterized in that a photocatalytic reaction film (2) is laid on a roof (13), and a transparent resin (17) and a transparent resin (17) are disposed on the photocatalytic reaction film (2). The circumference of the joint with the roof (13) is sealed, the distance between the transparent resin (17) and the top surface of the roof (13) is 0.5-5 cm, and the hydrogen resin discharge pipe (5) is connected to the transparent resin (17), and the hydrogen discharge pipe (5) ) connected to the hydrogen battery (6), the inside of the house (14) is provided with a waste pipe (15) to the transparent resin (17) at the height of the roof (13), and the lower part of the roof (13) is provided with a return port (16) , return port (16) Connected to the filter (19), the filter (19) is connected to the water reservoir (18);

The photocatalytic reaction membrane (2) is a hexagonal lattice structure, and the side of the grid is coated with nano titanium dioxide.
A sewage purification and power generation device according to claim 7, wherein the transparent resin (17) is made of an acrylate.