WO2016065724A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour former une vision artificielle par stimulation électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour former une vision artificielle par stimulation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065724A1
WO2016065724A1 PCT/CN2015/000005 CN2015000005W WO2016065724A1 WO 2016065724 A1 WO2016065724 A1 WO 2016065724A1 CN 2015000005 W CN2015000005 W CN 2015000005W WO 2016065724 A1 WO2016065724 A1 WO 2016065724A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical stimulation
array
signal
image
cornea
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PCT/CN2015/000005
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李志宏
张宇识
刘禹希
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北京大学
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Publication of WO2016065724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065724A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/08—Devices or methods enabling eye-patients to replace direct visual perception by another kind of perception

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical treatment, and in particular to an apparatus and method for generating artificial vision by electrical stimulation.
  • the theory of human brain plasticity points out that various sensations of the human body, such as vision, touch, hearing, smell, etc., can be substituted for each other.
  • sensory receptors can be used interchangeably between the central nervous systems.
  • the visual signals received by the visual receptors eyes
  • the tactile signals received by the tactile receptors skin, cornea, mucous membrane, etc.
  • the visual center cannot accept the visual signals transmitted by the visual center to form a blank.
  • the tactile receptors receive visual information (such as electrical stimulation images)
  • the visual nerve center is stimulated to form visual information.
  • the tactile-visual conversion system is based on the above theoretical basis.
  • the system mainly comprises an image array formed by image acquisition, image processing and a stimulator.
  • the image information of the outside is transmitted to the visual nerve of the brain through the form of the electrode array stimulation, thereby generating a visually similar feeling.
  • the system is of great help to the blind people in reading, traveling and other aspects of life, which is convenient for the lives of the blind.
  • a tactile graphic display device and a display method based on jet technology, which applies image and text information to the operator in an artificial tactile manner.
  • the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion unit and then transmitted to the graphic display unit, and acts on the skin through mechanical stimulation, so that the blind person can obtain certain visual information.
  • Information is converted into electrical stimulation on the tongue, and image information is recognized through the tongue.
  • All tactile receptors are either on the skin or on the tongue. When the blind person is in use, the normal function of the sensor is deprived, such as: unable to grasp things by hand, unable to speak normally, etc., causing inconvenience to the life of the blind.
  • retinal chips are also used to solve the problem of restoring blind vision. It implants a photosensitive microelectrode array into the necrotic retina of a blind person. The microelectrode replaces the photoreceptor function of the human retina and feels the light stimulation brought by the outside world. At the same time, the light signal is converted into a nerve stimulation signal and directly transmitted to the visual nervous system.
  • implantable retinal chips can help people with congenital or acquired blindness of retinal necrosis to restore vision to some extent.
  • One of the related technologies is a microelectrode array technology method designed by applying microelectronic technology, thereby solving the problem of blindness due to retinal necrosis.
  • retinal chips based on implant technology have obvious shortcomings.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for electrical stimulation to form artificial vision to at least solve the problem.
  • an apparatus for forming an artificial vision by electrical stimulation comprising: an image acquisition unit for acquiring an image; a signal conversion unit for converting the acquired image into an electrical stimulation signal; and a signal transmission unit And transmitting the electrical stimulation signal to the electrical stimulation array; the electrical stimulation array is configured to electrically stimulate the cornea, the sclera and/or the eyelid contacting the electrical stimulation array using the electrical stimulation signal, in the cornea, Electrical stimulation images are formed on the sclera and/or eyelids.
  • the electrical stimulation array is a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate that conforms to the cornea, sclera and/or eyelids.
  • the electrode material of the electrical stimulation array is a conductive material.
  • the conductive material comprises: a metal, a conductive oxide, a conductive polymer or a conductive nano material.
  • the electrode material of the electrical stimulation array is from 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter and the electrode spacing is from 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter.
  • a method for forming an artificial vision by electrical stimulation comprising: acquiring an image by an image acquisition unit; converting a signal obtained by the signal conversion unit into an electrical stimulation signal; and transmitting, by the signal transmission unit, the electrical stimulation signal Sending onto the electrical stimulation array; an electrical stimulation array for electrically stimulating the cornea, sclera and/or eyelids in contact with the electrical stimulation array using the electrical stimulation signal, forming on the cornea, sclera and/or eyelids Electrical stimulation image.
  • the electrical stimulation array is a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate that conforms to the cornea, sclera and/or eyelids.
  • the electrode material of the electrical stimulation array is a conductive material.
  • the conductive material comprises: a metal, a conductive oxide, a conductive polymer or a conductive nano material.
  • the electrode material of the electrical stimulation array is from 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter and the electrode spacing is from 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter.
  • the artificial vision is formed by the cornea/sclera/eyelid electrical stimulation; by burying or attaching the flexible electrode array to the contact lens, the user directly wears the contact lens, and the electrical stimulation image can be perceived on the cornea to form Artificial vision to perceive image information from the outside world.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for forming an artificial vision by electrical stimulation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of forming an artificial vision by electrical stimulation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the formation of an artificial vision for electrical stimulation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a contact lens electrical stimulation tactile array in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the use in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Image acquisition unit 2. Signal conversion unit, 3. Signal transmission unit, 4. Electrical stimulation array, 5. Electrode point, 5'. High potential electrode, 5". Low potential electrode, 6. Contact lens 7, eyeballs, 8. cornea or conjunctiva.
  • the number of electrode points in the figure can be 4 to 10000, and 16 in the figure is shown as a schematic diagram; the distribution of the high potential electrode and the low potential electrode in the figure is only a schematic diagram, and the specific distribution is determined according to actual needs, and the shape of the electrode may be point or Strips, low potential electrodes can also be connected to form a strip of low potential electrode.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for forming artificial vision by electrical stimulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An image acquisition unit configured to acquire an image
  • a signal conversion unit configured to convert the acquired image into an electrical stimulation signal
  • a signal transmission unit configured to send the electrical stimulation signal to the electrical stimulation array
  • An electrical stimulation array for electrically stimulating the cornea, sclera, and/or eyelids in contact with the electrical stimulation array using the electrical stimulation signal to form an electrical stimulation image on the cornea, sclera, and/or eyelid.
  • the transmitting end of the image capturing unit, the signal converting unit, and the signal transmitting unit are integrated on the frame glasses, the electrode array is on the contact lens, and the contact lens is worn on the eye.
  • the electrical stimulation array may be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate that can be attached to the cornea, and the electrode material is a biocompatible metal (such as Au, Pt).
  • the electrodes have a diameter of 10 microns to 1 mm and an electrode spacing of 10 microns to 1 mm.
  • the voltage level of the electrical stimulation image is measured according to the lowest threshold voltage of the experiment, typically below 1 V, and can be adjusted according to the needs of the user without causing damage to the cornea or conjunctival tissue.
  • This embodiment provides a method for directly implanting a blind human eye cornea or conjunctiva to help the blind person to form artificial vision by electrical stimulation.
  • 2 is a flow chart of a method of forming an artificial vision by electrical stimulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is described in conjunction with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step S202 the image acquisition unit acquires an external image, and transmits the external image to the signal conversion unit;
  • Step S204 the signal conversion unit converts the image signal into an electrical stimulation signal, and transmits the electrical stimulation signal to the signal transmission unit;
  • Step S206 the signal transmission unit transmits the electrical stimulation signal to the electrical stimulation array by means of wired or wireless transmission;
  • step S208 the electrical stimulation array electrically stimulates the cornea or conjunctiva of the blind by using the received electrical stimulation signal, so that the blind person feels the electrical stimulation image on the cornea to form artificial vision.
  • the electrical stimulation array is a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate that can conform to the cornea, sclera, and/or eyelids.
  • the electrode material of the electrical stimulation array can be a conductive material.
  • Conductive materials include: metals, conductive oxides, conductive polymers or conductive nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes, doped nanodiamonds).
  • a biocompatible metal which may include: gold or platinum.
  • the electrode material of the electrical stimulation array is from 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter and the electrode spacing is from 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment lies in burying or attaching the flexible electrode array in the contact lens, so that the cornea or conjunctival electrical stimulation can be realized through the contact lens flexible electrode array to form artificial vision. Including the following steps:
  • the electrical stimulation signal is transmitted to the electrical stimulation array by wired or wireless transmission;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the formation of artificial vision by electrical stimulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrical stimulation array forms a high-low potential image with different potentials according to different electrical stimulation signals, whereby the blind person feels on the cornea.
  • the image is electrically stimulated to form a vision.
  • processing methods for electrical stimulation arrays (with Parylene as the flexible substrate and Pt as the electrode material)
  • the thickness is 15 nm/150 nm/150 nm, respectively, filling the electrode material into the hollow image, and washing away the photoresist isolation layer;
  • the upper flexible material is etched according to the shape of the electrode array point to expose the electrode array point, so that the stimulation of the electrode point can be transmitted to the cornea.
  • the image pickup unit 1 collects an image of the outside world, and then transfers the image information to the signal conversion unit 2.
  • the signal conversion unit 2 processes the information of the image, converts it into a high-low potential signal, and transmits the signal to the signal transmission unit 3.
  • the signal transmission unit 3 transmits the electrical signal to the electrical stimulation array 4 by wire or wirelessly.
  • the electrical stimulation array 4 forms a tactile stimulus on the cornea or conjunctiva to effect electrical stimulation to form artificial vision.
  • FIG. 4 An array of electrode dots 5 is mounted on the contact lens 6.
  • the contact lens 5 is worn on the cornea or conjunctiva 8.
  • An electrical signal transmission line or a wireless signal drawn from the side of the contact lens feeds the potential level signal processed by the image processing unit 2 into the array of electrode points 5 to form a tactile image on the cornea.
  • the array of electrode dots 5 forms different tactile images with the change of the potential of the electric signal transmission line or the wireless transmission signal, and FIG. 5 shows a "mouth", the tactile nerve cells of the cornea.
  • the number of electrode points in Fig. 5 can be 4 to 10000, and 16 in the figure is shown as a schematic diagram; the distribution of the high potential electrode (5') and the low potential electrode (5") in the figure is only a schematic diagram, and the specific distribution is based on actual needs.
  • the electrode shape may be a dot or a strip, and the low potential electrodes may be connected to form a strip-shaped low potential electrode.
  • the principle of the above scheme is as follows: When the potential of the microelectrode changes from low to high, the electrode and the zero potential point will generate a potential difference. From the siphon effect and the conductivity of the tear liquid, it is known that the potential difference will generate a small current at the electrode point, and the current will The tactile nerves at the stimulation electrode points produce corresponding tactile sensations, and all tactile portions are synthesized by the brain to produce tactile images, which are transmitted to the visual central nervous system through the brain, thereby enabling the blind to produce artificial vision.
  • the blind human cornea or the tactile nerve at the conjunctiva is used to help the blind person to see the world, which facilitates and simplifies the process of electrical stimulation to form artificial vision. Due to the sensitivity of the corneal tactile nerves and the accuracy of the integrated circuit method, the number of pixels per unit area can be increased, thereby increasing the resolution of the tactile sense.
  • the invention is convenient for the blind person to wear at any time without other influences, thereby greatly facilitating the life of the blind person.
  • the method is non-invasive, and the blind person only needs to wear a contact lens without surgery or implanting the device. It should be noted that these technical effects are not in all of the above embodiments, and some technical effects are obtained by some preferred embodiments.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device so that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device, or they may be fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or Multiple modules or steps are made into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour former une vision artificielle par stimulation électrique, qui comprend : une unité d'acquisition d'image (1) utilisée pour acquérir une image ; une unité de conversion de signal (2) utilisée pour convertir l'image acquise par l'unité d'acquisition d'image (1) en un signal de stimulation électrique ; une unité de transmission de signal (3) utilisée pour envoyer le signal de stimulation électrique sur un réseau de stimulation électrique (4) ; et le réseau de stimulation électrique (4) utilisé pour stimuler électriquement une cornée, une sclérotique et/ou une paupière en contact avec le réseau de stimulation électrique (4) en utilisant le signal de stimulation électrique de façon à former une image de stimulation électrique sur la cornée, la sclérotique et/ou la paupière. Le dispositif enfonce ou fixe un réseau d'électrodes souples dans ou sur une lentille de contact, un utilisateur peut percevoir l'image de stimulation électrique sur la cornée en portant directement la lentille de contact, et la vision artificielle est formée.
PCT/CN2015/000005 2014-10-30 2015-01-05 Dispositif et procédé pour former une vision artificielle par stimulation électrique WO2016065724A1 (fr)

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CN201410601669.6 2014-10-30
CN201410601669.6A CN104352303B (zh) 2014-10-30 2014-10-30 电刺激形成人工视觉的设备

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CN105630145A (zh) * 2015-03-28 2016-06-01 朱金彪 虚拟感觉的方法和装置以及使用其的眼镜或头盔
CN106653702B (zh) * 2015-11-04 2019-03-01 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 一种植入式芯片的封装结构及其制备方法
CN105662704B (zh) * 2015-12-29 2017-10-20 深圳先进技术研究院 超声视网膜刺激设备
CN106236377A (zh) * 2016-09-12 2016-12-21 北京大学 利用皮下神经刺激形成人工视觉的设备
FR3060297B1 (fr) * 2016-12-20 2019-05-10 Universite Pierre Et Marie Curie (Paris 6) Systeme de substitution sensorielle par stimulation tactile asynchrone
CN109620539A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-04-16 北京大学 一种将视觉信息直接输入到大脑视皮层的装置及方法

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CN101390789A (zh) * 2008-09-25 2009-03-25 上海交通大学 基于电刺激的触觉-视觉替代系统
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IT1403793B1 (it) * 2010-12-30 2013-10-31 St Microelectronics Srl Protesi retinica
CN102335065B (zh) * 2011-07-28 2013-05-08 重庆大学 带药物缓释功能的植入式视网膜微刺激电极芯片
CN103816006B (zh) * 2014-02-20 2016-01-20 深圳市上示科技有限公司 一种非植入性经人体体表激发盲人视觉感受的设备

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US6430450B1 (en) * 1998-02-06 2002-08-06 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Tongue placed tactile output device
US20100151426A1 (en) * 2005-12-08 2010-06-17 Eye Plus Plus, Inc. Electric tactile display
CN101390789A (zh) * 2008-09-25 2009-03-25 上海交通大学 基于电刺激的触觉-视觉替代系统
ES2353781A1 (es) * 2009-04-15 2011-03-07 Vision Tactil Portable, S.L. Sistema de visión táctil portable.
CN102657572A (zh) * 2012-03-22 2012-09-12 张东林 电子点阵式智能盲人图像触觉传感装置和传感实现方法

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