WO2016065496A1 - 重锤式波力发电方法及装置 - Google Patents

重锤式波力发电方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065496A1
WO2016065496A1 PCT/CN2014/000954 CN2014000954W WO2016065496A1 WO 2016065496 A1 WO2016065496 A1 WO 2016065496A1 CN 2014000954 W CN2014000954 W CN 2014000954W WO 2016065496 A1 WO2016065496 A1 WO 2016065496A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
shaft
speed increasing
power generation
generator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/000954
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朴承镐
木村武芳
罗予泽
木村太郎
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朴承镐
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 朴承镐 filed Critical 朴承镐
Priority to RU2017116074A priority Critical patent/RU2703585C2/ru
Priority to CA2972924A priority patent/CA2972924C/en
Priority to KR1020177001757A priority patent/KR20170023996A/ko
Priority to AU2014409915A priority patent/AU2014409915B2/en
Priority to EP14905095.7A priority patent/EP3214301B1/en
Priority to US15/514,517 priority patent/US10190567B2/en
Priority to JP2016552627A priority patent/JP2017536496A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2014/000954 priority patent/WO2016065496A1/zh
Publication of WO2016065496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065496A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H31/00—Other gearings with freewheeling members or other intermittently driving members
    • F16H31/001—Mechanisms with freewheeling members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/40—Movement of component
    • F05B2250/44—Movement of component one element moving inside another one, e.g. wave-operated member (wom) moving inside another member (rem)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/70—Shape
    • F05B2250/72—Shape symmetric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/402—Transmission of power through friction drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F05B2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclic, planetary or differential type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/42—Storage of energy
    • F05B2260/421—Storage of energy in the form of rotational kinetic energy, e.g. in flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/50—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05B2260/505—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position using chains and sprockets; using toothed belts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wave power generation method and device.
  • the power generation scheme of the present invention is such that a heavy hammer wave power generation method and apparatus are provided, characterized in that the step of the heavy hammer wave power generation method is that a cable is connected to the anchor seat on the sea surface.
  • a rotating shaft is arranged at the middle of the floating box, and a vertical toggle lever is connected to the rotating shaft, the toggle lever can rotate around the rotating shaft, and a weight of the required weight is fixed at the lower end of the toggle lever at the upper end a chain ring that meshes with a plurality of drive sprocket and guide sprocket, the shaft of the drive sprocket is fixed in the speed increase box, and the gear fixed on the drive sprocket shaft meshes with the fixed gear on the generator shaft through the speed increasing gear .
  • the offset of the L distance is the same moment as the swinging of the floating box.
  • the magnitude of the L distance depends on the rated drive torque of the generator and the mass of the weight.
  • the shortening of the L distance is beneficial to the increase of the rotational distance of the drive sprocket in the swinging stroke of the floating box.
  • the driving torque generated by the generator is the torque generated by the wave force.
  • the collected wave torque is determined by the size of the bottom of the floating box and the wave height.
  • the wave torque acts on the generator shaft to overcome the rated driving torque of the generator, but In order to rotate the generator shaft, the gravity torque of the weight must be generated simultaneously with the wave torque.
  • the wave torque and the gravity torque of the weight can make the generator rotate axially left or right repeatedly, but the generator cannot generate electricity normally.
  • the speed increaser of the two-way rotating unidirectional rotating transmission mechanism is an indispensable condition for the generator to generate electricity normally.
  • a plurality of drive sprockets are arranged in the chain ring in the floating box, and each of the drive sprocket shafts is connected with a speed increasing box and a generator, and the specific set quantity is generated by the device, the mass of the hammer, and the floating The weight of the box and the amount of wave energy that can be collected by the floating box are determined.
  • the significant benefit of the present invention is that the wave energy acquisition method is simple and easy, the large amount of wave energy can be collected, and the energy conversion rate is high; the second device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost; and all three components associated with power generation are all disposed in a sealed state.
  • the floating box is not in contact with seawater, and there is no possibility of corrosion and damage by seawater.
  • Appropriate lubrication measures for moving parts can improve wear resistance, make maintenance simple or long-term maintenance-free, long service life and durability, and can become permanent devices;
  • the four power generating devices float on the sea surface.
  • the cable can not be broken by the violent waves, the device can not be damaged, so the ability to withstand the storm Strong and safe; its five devices are easily set up to build a wave power station, which can get more power.
  • the method for collecting wave energy is simpler and easier, can collect a large amount of wave energy, has high energy conversion efficiency, good durability, long service life and strong anti-storm ability. , good safety, simple structure, easy to manufacture and low cost, so it has significant economic benefits and extensive commercial operation value.
  • FIG 1 and 2 are schematic views of the apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention oscillating in waves to generate electricity.
  • Figure 3 is a front cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the device structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention in the B-B direction.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view, taken in the C-C direction, of the device structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic views showing a structure in which the toggle lever is fixed to the chain ring.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a bidirectional swing variable unidirectional rotary speed increaser of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the sprocket chain drive mechanism of the apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention, which can be replaced by a large gear and a pinion mechanism.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the counterclockwise swing of the floating box under the action of waves
  • Figure 2 is an illustration of the clockwise swing of the floating box under the action of waves.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic structural diagrams of a heavy hammer type wave power generating device, which is a speed increasing device, a generator, and a 4.
  • Sprocket 5.
  • Guide sprocket 6.
  • Chain ring 7.
  • Chain mount 8.
  • Shift lever 9.
  • Rotating shaft 10.
  • Heavy hammer 11. Cable and 12. Anchor.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show the structure in which the chain ring is fixed to the toggle lever, which is composed of a 6. chain ring, a chain holder, a chain 13 and a 14.
  • Figure 8 is a two-way swinging unidirectional rotation of the speed increaser 2, which is driven by 4. drive sprocket, 15. counterclockwise idling gear, 16. medium gear, 17. speed increasing gear, 18. clockwise idling Ratchet gear, 19. speed increasing gear Wheel, 20. Speed increasing gear, 21. Generator shaft gear, 22. Energy storage flywheel, I. Drive sprocket shaft, II. Speed increasing axle, III. Medium axle and IV. Generator shaft.
  • the apparatus of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5.
  • the main design basis of the apparatus is to calculate the swing speed of the floating box from the average wave speed, according to the wave parameters and the required power generation.
  • the bottom area of the floating box, the mass of the weight and the size of the structure are calculated. All the parameters and structures related to the design can be determined and designed according to the existing mathematical, physical and design knowledge.
  • FIG. 1 and Figure 2 show that the floating box (1) on the sea surface is connected to the anchor seat (12) with a cable (11).
  • the floating box (1) Under the action of the undulating waves, the floating box (1) is twice the wave in the sea. In the range of the angle ⁇ , it swings up and down to the left or right. At this time, the wave energy received by the bottom surface of the floating box (1) is all converted into the swinging kinetic energy of the floating box.
  • the magnitude of the swinging kinetic energy of the collecting floating box is completely determined by the bottom area of the floating box and Wave height, this is the simplest, direct and effective way to collect wave energy.
  • a rotating shaft (9) is arranged in the middle of the floating box (1), and a toggle lever (8) is connected to the rotating shaft, and the toggle lever (8) is connected. It can rotate around the rotating shaft (9), and the lower end of the toggle lever (8) is fixed with a weight (10), and the upper end of the toggle lever (8) is fixedly connected with a plurality of driving sprockets through the chain fixing seat (7) (4) a chain ring (6) that meshes with a plurality of guiding sprockets (5).
  • the outer rotor type wind power generator (3) and the energy storage flywheel (22) fixed on the outer rotor can make the floating box in the direction. Turn the swing direction to the left or right Still holding drive generator (3) driven power shaft, the generator (3) emits a voltage waveform smoothly.
  • the function of the bidirectional swing of the drive sprocket (4) to change into one-way rotation is described in the patented technology (ZL01202356.6) of Park Seung-soo's "drive mechanism in which the drive shaft swing becomes a one-way rotation of the passive shaft".
  • the specification of the embodiment of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 is implemented, and the solution of FIG. 2 is used in the present embodiment.
  • the shaft (I) of the drive sprocket (4) in Fig. 8 corresponds to the drive shaft (I) in Fig.
  • the speed increase shaft (II) corresponds to the passive shaft (II), on the shaft ( I) is fixed with a ratchet gear (15) with a pawl structure and a ratchet gear (18) with a pawl structure, the outer ring of the ratchet gear (15) is idling counterclockwise, the ratchet gear (18) The outer ring is idling clockwise, and the speed increasing gear (17) fixed on the speed increasing axle (II) passes through the gear (16) on the gear shaft (III) and the ratchet gear on the shaft (I) (15) Engagement, the speed increasing gear (19) fixed on the speed increasing axle (II) directly meshes with the ratchet gear (18) on the shaft (I), when the shaft (I) of the driving sprocket (4) is counterclockwise When rotating, the outer ring of the ratchet gear (15) idles, and the torque cannot be transmitted to the medium gear (16) and the speed increasing gear (17), and the outer ring of the ratchet
  • the torque is transmitted to rotate the speed increasing axle (II) clockwise.
  • the outer ring of the ratchet gear (18) idles and cannot be moved to the speed increasing gear. (19) transmitting torque, while the ratchet gear (15) outer ring gear (16) increases The gear (17) transmits torque to rotate the speed increasing axle (II) clockwise, so the speed increasing axle (II) always goes regardless of whether the shaft (I) of the driving sprocket (4) rotates counterclockwise or clockwise.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show the upper end of the toggle lever (8), and a chain ring (6) is fixed by a chain fixing seat (7), a chain pressing plate (13) and a screw (14).
  • the breaking strength of the cable (11) shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 is greater than the buoyancy of the floating box or the design of the overloaded structure to ensure the safety of the device in any violent waves.
  • the apparatus of the method of the present invention can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 10, and in the structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a plurality of driving sprockets (4), a plurality of guiding sprockets (5) and
  • the chain ring (6) is replaced by a large-diameter gear (23) and a number of small drive gears (24), which transforms the chain drive into a gear-driven structure, which makes assembly and debugging easier and improves transmission efficiency.
  • manufacturing A solution with a few meters of gear is feasible, but the manufacturing cost of the device will increase.
  • the apparatus of the present invention has industrial utility effects that are widely commercialized.

Abstract

一种重锤式波力发电方法及装置，该方法及装置是在浮动箱（1）中间设置一个转动轴（9），在转动轴（9）上连接一根垂直拨动杆（8），拨动杆（8）的下端固定一个重锤（10），上端固连一条与若干驱动链轮（4）和导向链轮（5）啮合的链条环（6），浮动箱（1）在波力和重力的作用下，使驱动链轮（4）和导向链轮（5）沿链条向左或向右转动，驱动链轮（4）的向左或向右转动，通过增速箱内的增速齿轮（17）和双向摆动变单向旋转的传动机构，使发电机轴（IV）始终向一个方向旋转而发电。重锤式波力发电方法及装置的波能采集方法简单容易、能采集大量波能、能量转换率高、结构简单、制造成本低、能长期免维修、使用寿命长、安全性好、联网能建成波力发电站，与当前的波力发电装置比较具有显著经济效益，具有广泛的商业应用前景。

Description

重锤式波力发电方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及是一种波力发电方法及装置。
背景技术
辽阔的海洋上，永不休止的波浪蕴藏着巨大的能量，以一立方米海水，在波力的作用下，在海面上一起一落，若平均波高为1.5米、周期按6秒计，能发出5KW的功率，如若能把这5KW的波能全部转化成电能，从一立方米的海水的波能一天能得到120度的电量。假设一户家庭每天用电量按6度计，可供20户的电能需求，由此可知波浪中蕴藏着巨大而廉价的再生能源，这种再生能源的可利用价值，不断激励人们努力探索各种波力发电方法和装置。
至今为止世界上已发表的有关波力发电方法和装置的专利和文献已有上千种，并已实施运行过的波力发电装置也有几十种，并且1992年联合国把海浪发电列在开发海洋再生能源的首位，可是至今为止在经济效益上，能够广泛进行商业运行，使人满意的波力发电方法和装置还没有出现，因此，能量密度远大于风能的波力发电技术，目前远落后于风力发电技术。
发明内容
本发明实现其发电方案是这样的，即提供一种重锤式波力发电方法和装置，其特征在于所说的重锤式波力发电方法的步骤是，在海面上用缆绳连接在锚座上的浮动箱中间位置上设置一个转动轴，在转动轴上连接一根垂直拨动杆，拨动杆能绕转动轴转动，在拨动杆的下端固定一个所需重量的重锤，在上端固连与若干驱动链轮和导向链轮啮合的一条链条环，驱动链轮的轴固定在增速箱里，固定在驱动链轮轴上的齿轮通过增速齿轮与发电机轴上固定的齿轮啮合。
海面上没有波浪浮动箱不摆动，重锤在重力作用下，使拨动杆始终处于垂直状态，当海面有波浪，假若链条环不与拨动杆上端固连，只与驱动链轮和导向链轮啮合没有其它约束，链条环就与固定在浮动箱构架上的驱动链轮和导向链轮一起，随浮动箱向左或向右上下摆动，而拨动杆在重锤的重力作用下， 处于垂直静止状态，但链条环与拨动杆上端固连，链条环被拨动杆约束，在重锤重力的反向力矩的作用下，链条环不能随浮动箱一起摆动，只能强迫使驱动链轮和导向链轮在链条环上，向左或向右方向转动。
驱动链轮的向左或向右的双向转动，通过固定在浮动箱体构架上的增速器内的增速齿轮和双向摆动变单向旋转的传动机构，使发电机转轴始终一个方向旋转，此时发电机轴上产生的额定扭矩通过链轮作用到链条环上，使拨动杆下端的重锤重心与额定扭矩的反方向偏离一个L距离，来平衡发电机的额定扭矩，使发电机按额定转数连续向一个方向旋转而发电，重锤重心偏移产生的重力扭矩，实际上也是与波力产生的扭矩平衡，这个L距离的偏移是与浮动箱左右摆动换向的同一瞬间产生，L距离的大小取决于发电机的额定驱动扭矩和重锤质量，L距离的缩短有利于浮动箱一次摆动行程中驱动链轮转动距离的增长。
驱动发电机发电的动力扭矩是波力产生的扭矩，收集到的波力扭矩的大小决定于浮动箱底面积大小和波浪高度，波力扭矩作用到发电机轴上克服发电机额定驱动力矩，但使要发电机轴转动，必须重锤的重力扭矩与波力扭矩同时产生，波力扭矩和重锤的重力扭矩能使发电机轴向左或向右反复转动，但不能使发电机正常发电，所以双向转动变单向旋转的传动机构的增速器是使发电机正常发电的必不可缺少的必要条件。
根据发电功率的大小，浮动箱内链条环中设置多个驱动链轮，每个驱动链轮轴上连接一个增速箱和发电机，具体设置的数量由装置要求的发电功率、重锤质量、浮动箱重量和浮动箱能采集到的波能大小来确定。
本发明的显著效益，首先波能采集的方法简单容易、能采集大量波能和能量转换率高；其二装置的结构简单，制造成本低；其三所有与发电关联的构件全部设置在密封的浮动箱内不与海水接触，没有被海水腐蚀和破坏的可能，对运动构件采取适当润滑措施能提高耐磨性，使维修简单或长期免维修使用寿命长耐久性好，能成为永久性装置；其四发电装置漂浮在海面，只要缆绳强度大于整个浮动箱的浮力，缆绳不能被狂浪拉断，装置不能受损，所以抗风暴能力 强、安全性好；其五本装置联网设置易于建成波力发电站，能获得更多的电能。
根据上述的显著效益，能够判断出本发明方法和装置，具有显著经济效益和广泛商业运行价值。
本发明与现今已实施的所有的波力发电方法和装置比较，其收集波能方法更为简单容易、能大量采集波能、能量转换效率高、耐久性好、使用寿命长、抗风暴能力强、安全性好、结构简单、制造容易和成本低，因而具有显著的经济效益和广泛的商业运行价值。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明详细进行说明，其中
图1和图2是本发明实施例的装置在波浪中摆动而发电的示意图。
图3是本发明实施例的装置结构的A-A向的前剖视图。
图4是本发明实施例的装置结构的B-B向的侧剖视图。
图5是本发明实施例的装置结构的C-C向的俯剖视图。
图6和图7是拨动杆与链条环固连的一种结构示意图。
图8是本发明实施例装置的双向摆动变单向旋转增速器的结构示意图。
图9是本发明实施例装置的链轮链条驱动机构，能用大齿轮和小齿轮机构取代的示意图。
图1为波浪作用下，浮动箱逆时针摆动的示意，图2是波浪作用下，浮动箱顺时针摆动的示意。
图3、图4和图5是重锤式波力发电装置的具体结构示意图，它是由1.浮动箱、2.双向摆动变单向旋转的增速器、3.发电机、4.驱动链轮、5.导向链轮、6.链条环、7.链条固定座、8.拨动杆、9.转动轴、10.重锤、11.缆绳和12.锚座构成。
图6和图7是链条环固连在拨动杆的结构，它是由6.链条环、7.链条固定座、13.链条压板和14.螺钉构成。
图8是双向摆动变单向旋转的增速器2，它是由4.驱动链轮、15.逆时针空转的棘齿轮、16.介齿轮、17.增速齿轮、18.顺时针空转的棘齿轮、19.增速齿 轮、20.增速齿轮、21.发电机轴齿轮、22.储能飞轮、I.驱动链轮轴、II.增速轮轴、III.介轮轴和IV.发电机轴构成。
具体实施方式
本发明最佳实施例的装置为图1、图2、图3、图4和图5所示，装置的主要设计依据是由平均波速计算出浮动箱摆动速度，根据波参数和要求的发电功率计算出浮动箱底面积、重锤质量和结构尺寸，所有与设计相关的参数和结构，均能根据现有的数学、物理及设计知识确定和设计。
图1和图2所示为海面上的浮动箱(1)是用缆绳(11)连接在锚座(12)上，在波浪上下起伏的作用下，浮动箱(1)在海浪的两倍波徒角α范围内向左或向右上下摆动，这时浮动箱(1)底面承受的波能全部转换成浮动箱的摆动动能，采集浮动箱的摆动动能的大小完全决定于浮动箱的底面积和波高，这是采集波能的最简单、直接和有效的方法。
在图3、图4和图5中，在浮动箱(1)的中间位置上设置一个转动轴(9)，在这个转动轴上连接一根拨动杆(8)，拨动杆(8)能绕转动轴(9)转动，拨动杆(8)的下端固定一个重锤(10)，拨动杆(8)的上端通过链条固定座(7)固连一条与若干驱动链轮(4)和若干导向链轮(5)相啮合的链条环(6)，在波力作用下，浮动箱(1)向左或向右摆动时，受拨动杆(8)下端的重锤(10)重力的约束，链条环(6)不能随着浮动箱(1)的左右摆动而移动，只能迫使驱动链轮(4)和导向链轮(5)沿着链条环(6)向左方向或向右方向转动，驱动链轮(4)的向左方向或向右方向的双向转动是通过固定在浮动箱(1)的构架上的双向摆动变单向旋转增速器(2)，使发电机(3)的转轴始终向一个方向旋转而发电，为了提高发电效率，采用外转子式风力发电机(3)，外转子上固连的储能飞轮(22)，能使浮动箱在向左或向右转换摆动方向瞬间，仍然能保持驱动发电机(3)轴的驱动能量，使发电机(3)发出的电压波形平滑。
图8所示，驱动链轮(4)的双向摆动变单向旋转的功能是采用朴承镐的“主动轴摆动变为被动轴单向旋转的传动机构”的专利技术(ZL01202356.6)中所述的说明书附图1或图2的实施例的结构来实现，本方案中采用附图2的 实施例，图8中驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)对应于上述专利说明书附图2中的主动轴(I)，增速轴(II)对应于被动轴(II)，在轴(I)上固定有一个带有棘爪结构的棘齿轮(15)和一个带有棘爪结构的棘齿轮(18)，棘齿轮(15)的外环按逆时针方向空转，棘齿轮(18)的外环按顺时针方向空转，在增速轮轴(II)上固定的增速齿轮(17)通过介齿轮轴(III)上的介齿轮(16)与轴(I)上的棘齿轮(15)啮合，在增速轮轴(II)上固定的增速齿轮(19)与轴(I)上的棘齿轮(18)直接啮合，当驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)按逆时针方向旋转时，棘齿轮(15)的外环空转，不能向介齿轮(16)和增速齿轮(17)传递扭矩，而棘齿轮(18)的外环逆时针转动，向增速齿轮(19)传递扭矩，使增速轮轴(II)向顺时针方向转动，当驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)按顺时针方向旋转时，棘齿轮(18)的外环空转，不能向增速齿轮(19)传递扭矩，而棘齿轮(15)外环向介齿轮(16)和增速齿轮(17)传递扭矩，使增速轮轴(II)向顺时针方向转动，所以不管驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)按逆时针或按顺时针转动，增速轮轴(II)始终向顺时针方向转动，因而增速轮轴(II)上的增速齿轮(20)使发电机轴(IV)上的发电机轴齿轮(21)始终向一个方向旋转，实现双向摆动变单向旋转的功能，使发电机(3)正常发电，发电机(3)需要的额定转速是通过各齿轮的齿数计算来确定。
图6和图7所示为拨动杆(8)的上端，通过链条固定座(7)、链条压板(13)和螺钉(14)固连一条链条环(6)。
图3、图4和图5所示的缆绳(11)的断裂强度大于浮动箱整体的浮力或设计超载脱离结构，就能保证装置在任何狂浪中的安全。
本发明方法的装置，也能采用如图10示的结构，在图3、图4和图5所示的实施例的结构中取消若干驱动链轮(4)、若干导向链轮(5)和链条环(6)，用一个大直径齿轮(23)和若干小驱动齿轮(24)取代，把链传动变成齿轮传动的结构，使得装配调试容易，传动效率提高，就当前技术而言，制造几米直径的齿轮的方案是可行的，但装置的制造成本将提高。
图3、图4和图5的装置结构中的相同的重锤机构设置多套，浮动箱的体积和重量增加不多，但能得到成倍数的发电量。
工业实用效果：
从本发明方法的装置结构中，很容易判断本发明的发电方法是至今所没有的创新技术，而且发电量、能量转换效率、安全性、使用寿命、制造成本和装置的设置等方面具有显著地优点，因此，本发明装置具有广泛商业运行的工业实用效果。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种重锤式波力发电方法，其特征在于包括一个漂浮在海面上的浮动箱(1)、缆绳(11)锚座(12)，在浮动箱(1)的中间位置上设置一个转动轴(9)，在这个转动轴(9)上连接一根拨动杆(8)，拨动杆(8)能绕转动轴(9)转动，拨动杆(8)的下端固定一个重锤(10)，拨动杆(8)的上端通过链条固定座(7)固连一条与若干驱动链轮(4)和导向链轮(5)相啮合的链条环(6)，在波力作用下，浮动箱(1)向左或向右摆动时，受拨动杆(8)的下端重锤(9)重力的约束，链条环(6)不能随着浮动箱(1)左右摆动而移动，只能迫使驱动链轮(4)和导向链轮(5)沿着链条环(6)向左或向右转动，驱动链轮(4)的向左或向右的双向转动是通过固定在浮动箱(1)的构架上的双向摆动变单向旋转增速器(2)，使发电机(3)的转轴始终向一个方向旋转而发电，为了提高发电效率，采用外转子式风力发电机(3)，外转子上固连的储能飞轮(22)能使浮动箱向左或向右转换摆动方向的瞬间，仍然能保持驱动发电机(3)轴的驱动能量，使发电机(3)发出的电压波形平滑，驱动链轮(4)的双向摆动变单向旋转的功能是采用朴承镐的“主动轴摆动变为被动轴单向旋转的传动机构”的专利技术(ZL01202356.6)中所述的说明书附图1或图2的实施例的结构来实现，本方案中采用附图2的实施例，图8中驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)对应于上述专利说明书附图2中的主动轴(I)，增速轴(II)对应于被动轴(II)，在轴(I)上固定有一个带有棘爪结构的棘齿轮(15)和一个带有棘爪结构的棘齿轮(18)，棘齿轮(15)的外环按逆时针方向空转，棘齿轮(18)的外环按顺时针方向空转，在增速轮轴(II)上固定的增速齿轮(17)通过介齿轮轴(III)上的介齿轮(16)与轴(I)上的棘齿轮(15)啮合，在增速轮轴(II)上固定的增速齿轮(19)与轴(I)上的棘齿轮(18)直接啮合，当驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)按逆时针方向旋转时，棘齿轮(15)的外环空转，不能向介齿轮(16)和增速齿轮(17)传递扭矩，而棘齿轮(18)的外环逆时针转动，向增速齿轮(19)传递扭矩，使增速轮轴(II)向顺时针方向转动，当驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)按顺时针方向旋转时，棘链轮(18)的外环空转，不能向增速齿轮(19)传递扭矩，而棘齿轮(15)外环向介齿轮(16)和增速齿轮(17)传递扭矩， 使增速轮轴(II)向顺时针方向转动，所以不管驱动链轮(4)的轴(I)按逆时针或按顺时针转动，增速轮轴(II)始终向顺时针方向转动，因而增速轮轴(II)上的增速齿轮(20)使发电机轴(IV)上的发电机轴齿轮(21)始终向一个方向旋转，实现双向摆动变单向旋转的功能，使发电机(3)正常发电，发电机(3)需要的额定转速是通过各齿轮的齿数计算来确定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发电方法的装置，其特征在于它是由浮动箱(1)、双向摆动变单向旋转增速器(2)、发电机(3)、驱动链轮(4)、导向链轮(5)、链条环(6)、链条固定座(7)、拨动杆(8)、转动轴(9)、重锤(10)、缆绳(11)和锚座(12)构成发电装置，浮动箱(1)用缆绳(11)连接在锚座(12)上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发电方法的装置，其特征在于它是由棘齿轮(15)、棘齿轮(18)、介齿轮(16)、增速齿轮(17)、增速齿轮(19)、增速齿轮(20)和发电机轴齿轮(21)构成双向摆动变单向旋转的增速器(2)，双向摆动变单向旋转的增速器(2)是固连在浮动箱的构架上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发电方法的装置，其特征在于链传动结构，能用如图10所示的大齿轮(23)和小齿轮(24)的齿轮传动结构取代，能使装配调试容易和传动效率提高。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发电方法的装置，其特征在于根据发电功率要求，同样的重锤机构设置多套，装置体积增加不多，能得到成倍数的发电量。
PCT/CN2014/000954 2014-10-28 2014-10-28 重锤式波力发电方法及装置 WO2016065496A1 (zh)

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CA2972924C (en) 2019-04-30
RU2017116074A (ru) 2018-11-30
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US10190567B2 (en) 2019-01-29
US20170234290A1 (en) 2017-08-17
EP3214301A1 (en) 2017-09-06
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