WO2016058450A1 - 用于信息处理的图像码及生成与解析其的装置与方法 - Google Patents

用于信息处理的图像码及生成与解析其的装置与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016058450A1
WO2016058450A1 PCT/CN2015/088043 CN2015088043W WO2016058450A1 WO 2016058450 A1 WO2016058450 A1 WO 2016058450A1 CN 2015088043 W CN2015088043 W CN 2015088043W WO 2016058450 A1 WO2016058450 A1 WO 2016058450A1
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image
position identification
feature
code
information
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PCT/CN2015/088043
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘整
杜世桥
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刘整
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Priority to JP2017515822A priority Critical patent/JP6513799B2/ja
Priority to US15/508,008 priority patent/US20170293992A1/en
Publication of WO2016058450A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016058450A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021Image watermarking
    • G06T1/0028Adaptive watermarking, e.g. Human Visual System [HVS]-based watermarking
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021Image watermarking
    • G06T1/005Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
    • G06T1/0064Geometric transfor invariant watermarking, e.g. affine transform invariant
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06037Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking multi-dimensional coding
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046Constructional details
    • G06K19/06131Constructional details the marking comprising a target pattern, e.g. for indicating the center of the bar code or for helping a bar code reader to properly orient the scanner or to retrieve the bar code inside of an image
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0007Image acquisition
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0051Embedding of the watermark in the spatial domain
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0053Embedding of the watermark in the coding stream, possibly without decoding; Embedding of the watermark in the compressed domain
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0203Image watermarking whereby the image with embedded watermark is reverted to the original condition before embedding, e.g. lossless, distortion-free or invertible watermarking

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of image processing and automatic identification, and in particular relates to an image code for information processing and an apparatus and method for generating and analyzing the same.
  • QR code has gradually become the keyboard of smartphones, the access point of the Internet, and is widely used in various fields of society and in our daily lives.
  • the existing two-dimensional code can not directly or initially display the information it contains, and often requires additional text description; and its black and white pattern is dull and mechanical, not beautiful enough, with beautiful posters, business cards, and packaging of high-end goods.
  • the patent application CN 103632182 A proposes a method for generating and parsing a three-dimensional image code, which uses a partial region in the middle of the two-dimensional code as an image region for display.
  • a picture related to the content of the two-dimensional code, and a black-and-white square of the two-dimensional code is replaced by a square of four colors. This method improves the aesthetics of the two-dimensional code to some extent, but it is not much different from the black-and-white QR code.
  • the digital watermarking technology can form the electronic watermark information by embedding the image-related information into the image (also referred to as the embedding process of the watermark information) by the image encoding software without destroying the quality of the electronic image.
  • the electronic watermark information buried in the image can be read by the image decoding software (also referred to as the detection process of the watermark information).
  • Implanted electronic watermark information is difficult to be tampered with or forged. Therefore, traditional digital watermarking technology is usually used for copyright protection of electronic images.
  • the current digital watermarking technology has been developed to be able to detect watermark information buried in an image by photographing a printed image with watermark information through a smart phone.
  • Digital watermark image code (also known as “image code”) is a digital watermarking technology that embeds web address information (or ID information representing a web address) into an image, and at the same time, photographs a watermark with a smart phone.
  • the image (or the image displayed on the electronic screen) detects the URL information buried in the image, allowing the phone to automatically connect to the website of the URL.
  • the digital watermark image code can ensure the integrity of the image and can be directly used as a two-dimensional code, thus having more personalized space and great market potential.
  • the present invention provides an image code suitable for fast image recognition in a handheld communication device and a method of generating and parsing the same to solve the above problems.
  • An image code for information processing comprising a standard image area, at least one image filled in the standard image area, at least one segment being implanted in the at least one image by using a digital watermarking technique
  • An information stream and four position identification patterns disposed at different positions of the standard image area, the position identification patterns being disposed at four vertex angles of the standard image area, including one feature position identification pattern and three basic positions a logo pattern; the three basic position identification patterns are identical and the feature position identification pattern is different from the basic position identification pattern, and the position identification pattern includes a dark middle portion, a white inner ring, a dark inner ring, and a white outer ring, wherein The area of the dark middle portion of the basic position identification pattern is different from the area of the dark middle portion of the feature position identification pattern.
  • the position identification pattern comprises a dark central portion, a white inner ring, a dark inner ring and a white outer ring.
  • the area of the dark middle portion of the basic position identification pattern is different from the area of the dark middle portion of the feature position identification pattern.
  • the position identification pattern is a square area, wherein the dark middle portion, the white inner ring, the dark inner ring and the white outer ring are also square areas, and the dark middle and dark inner rings are black central and Black inner ring;
  • the horizontal feature identification pattern has a horizontal feature ratio and a vertical feature ratio of each part of the divided region: 1:1:1:3:1:1:1; the horizontal feature scale and vertical feature of the feature position identification graphic The ratio is 1:1:1:1:1:1:1.
  • the standard image area is a square area.
  • the present invention also discloses an apparatus for generating an image code for information storage, delivery, and identification, and the apparatus for generating an image code for information storage, delivery, and identification includes:
  • An image adjustment module for adjusting an image related to information to be implanted to adapt to a standard image area
  • a digital watermark embedding module which uses digital watermark coding technology to embed information to be implanted into the image
  • a position identification setting module configured to respectively place four position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2, P3) in four corners of the standard image area, wherein one feature position identification pattern is included ( P3) and three basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2); the three basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2) are identical and different from the feature position identification pattern (P3);
  • An image code generating module is configured to synthesize watermark information, an image, and a position indication graphic to generate the image code.
  • the invention also discloses a method for generating an image code, comprising the following steps:
  • a position identification setting module is provided to respectively place four position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2, P3) at four vertex angles of the standard image area, wherein one feature position identification pattern (P3) and 3 basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2); the three basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2) are identical and different from the feature position identification pattern (P3);
  • An image code generating module is provided to generate an image code.
  • the position identification pattern placed in the step (3) comprises a dark middle portion, a white inner ring, a dark inner ring and a white outer ring, wherein the basic position identification pattern is horizontally characterized by the partial divided area.
  • the ratio of the proportional and vertical features are 1:1:1:3:1:1:1; the horizontal feature ratio and the vertical feature ratio of the feature position identification pattern are 1:1:1:1:1:1:1
  • the side position identification pattern and the side length of the feature identification pattern are both 1/10 to 1/4 of the side length of the image.
  • the step of registering the information to be implanted in the server database before generating the image code is further included.
  • the present invention also discloses an apparatus for parsing an image code for information storage, delivery, and identification, and the apparatus for parsing an image code for information storage, delivery, and identification includes:
  • An image acquisition device for acquiring an image code
  • An image processing module for performing image processing on the generated image code image
  • a position identification graphic positioning module configured to locate four position identification patterns in the actual image and identify the feature position identification pattern
  • the calculation module is centered on the feature position identification graphic, and calculates position coordinates of the three basic position identification patterns in the standard image area according to the positional relationship with the three basic position identification patterns in the actual image;
  • An image correction module that corrects the generated image code image into a standard image format by a Perspective and a Bilinear Interpolation principle
  • An information decoding module that uses digital watermark decoding technology to acquire information embedded in a standard image.
  • the invention also discloses a method for parsing an image code, comprising the following steps:
  • An information decoding module is provided to acquire information embedded in the standard image by using digital watermark decoding technology.
  • the step (5) further comprises:
  • f(x i , y i ) [f(x′ 1 , y′ 0 ) ⁇ f(x′ 0 , y′ 0 )] ⁇ (x i ' ⁇ x′ 0 )+[f(x′ 0 , y' 1 )-f(x' 0 , y' 0 )] ⁇ (y′ i -y′ 0 )
  • the step (3) of identifying the feature position identification pattern is implemented by calculating and comparing the dark central area values of the four position identification patterns.
  • the information in the image code can be quickly obtained through the handheld communication device, and the fast connection between the handheld communication device and the Internet can be realized by using the image (graphics) own content
  • the image code has the following advantages: the image code is more beautiful and can visually display the information content therein; the content information is more secure and difficult to be tampered with or forged; and the four positioning points used in the present invention are 3 The same is composed of one different four positioning points. Pespective transformation can be used to correct the angular rotation within 360 degrees at the same time, and correct the deformation and proportion of the mobile phone image.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an image code of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a detailed structural diagram of the basic position identification pattern of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a detailed structural view of the feature position identification pattern of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for generating an image code of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart showing a method of generating an image code of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram of an apparatus for parsing an image code of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an image after binarization processing
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the Perspective transform
  • Figure 10 is a bilinear interpolation principle diagram of coordinates
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the decoding process of digital watermark information.
  • the identification of image code is limited by its own resources.
  • the main technical problems are as follows: (1) the image is out of proportion due to the uncertainty of the distance between the mobile phone and the image; (2) due to the camera and image of the mobile phone Image angle rotation caused by the uncertainty of the horizontal angle; (3) Image type deformation due to the non-parallel of the camera plane and the image plane.
  • the above technical problem causes the handheld communication device to have problems such as slow processing speed and high false recognition rate when identifying the image code, which greatly affects the practical application of the image code.
  • the handheld communication device is a device that has an image acquisition device (such as a CCD) and can communicate with the Internet (such as by wifi, Bluetooth, cellular network, etc.), the handheld communication device includes a mobile phone, an Ipad, and has communication. Functional cameras, e-books and other similar electronic devices.
  • the present invention proposes image codes for information storage, transfer and identification, which are typically printed on the surface of a carrier (the carrier comprising Paper, plastic, metal, fabric, building, etc.), or displayed on an electronic screen.
  • a carrier the carrier comprising Paper, plastic, metal, fabric, building, etc.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a block diagram of the image code of the present invention, comprising a standard image area (40), at least one image filled in the standard image area (40).
  • the image is typically a non-black and white square image, including company logos, photos, and the like.
  • the standard image area (40) is used to fill an image and use a digital watermark encoding technique to place a letter to be implanted
  • the information is embedded in the image; in a preferred embodiment, the standard image area (40) is a square area.
  • the shape of the outer contour of the image is not limited, and may be a positive direction having a regular shape, a circular shape, or an irregular shape.
  • the position identification pattern is used for positioning of the image code, and is disposed at four vertex angles of the standard image area, and the position identification pattern includes one feature position identification pattern and three basic position identification patterns.
  • the three basic position identification patterns are identical and the feature position identification pattern is different from the basic position identification pattern.
  • the feature location identification graphic has an area that is smaller than the basic location identification graphic. As shown in FIG.
  • (40) is a standard image area surrounded by image frame positions; (P0), (P1), (P2), and (P3) are position identification patterns of 0-3; ), (P1), (P2) is the basic position identification pattern, (P3) is the feature position identification pattern; (P0), (P1), (P2) the frame of the figure and the standard of the three top corner parts of the image
  • the frame of the image area (40) is aligned; the dotted line (41) is a square connection line formed by the coordinates of the three center points of (P0), (P1), (P2); (P3) placed with the fourth top
  • the angular position moves the center point of (P3) to the apex position (42) of the square dotted line (41).
  • the position identification pattern includes a dark middle portion, a white inner ring, a dark inner ring, and a white outer ring, wherein the area of the dark middle portion of the basic position identification pattern is different from the area of the dark middle portion of the feature position identification pattern.
  • the position identification pattern is a square area in which the dark middle portion, the white inner ring, the dark inner ring and the white outer ring are also square areas, the dark middle and dark inner rings It is a black middle portion and a black inner ring; see Fig.
  • (50) is a black middle portion; (51) is a white inner ring; (52) is a black inner ring; (53) It is a white outer ring.
  • the color of the black portion may also be a dark color other than black; the shape of the portion of (50) (51) (52) (53), and may be a shape other than a square.
  • the horizontal feature ratio and vertical feature ratio of the divided regions are 1:1:1:3:1:1:1.
  • the side position of the basic position identification pattern is 1/10 to 1/4 of the side length of the image.
  • Fig. 3 there is shown a detailed structural diagram of the feature position identification pattern, similar to Fig. 2, wherein (60) is a black middle portion; (61) is a white inner ring; (62) is a black inner ring; (63) is White outer ring. among them
  • the color of the black portion may also be a dark color other than black; the shape of the portion of (60) (61) (62) (63), and may be other shapes than square.
  • the difference is that the horizontal feature ratio and the vertical feature ratio are 1:1:1:1:1:1:1.
  • the side length of the feature position identification graphic is 1/10 to 1/4 of the side length of the image.
  • the method can realize the correction of the angle of the image and the deformation of the table by the perspective transformation (Perspective Transform), Since four identical positioning marks are used, the correction can only be limited to an angle of 90 degrees (between -45 degrees and +45 degrees).
  • the four positioning points of the image code embedded with the watermark information provided by the invention are composed of three identical basic position identification patterns and one different feature position identification pattern, which can quickly locate the feature position identification pattern through the perspective drawing method.
  • the Perspective Transform corrects the shape deformation, proportional misalignment, and angular rotation of the 360-degree range of the phone image at the same time. That is, the image code provided by the present invention can be quickly and accurately identified by the handheld communication device, so that the watermark technique can be successfully applied to the image code.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for generating an image code for information storage, delivery, and identification.
  • FIG. 4 a block diagram of an apparatus for generating an image code for information storage, transfer, and identification is shown, mainly including an image.
  • the image adjustment module is configured to adjust an image related to the information to be implanted to adapt to the standard image area;
  • the standard image area (40) in the image code is a pre-agreed image format, and the image is filled before the standard image area (40), and is required
  • the image is adjusted to the corresponding image format by the image adjustment module.
  • the digital watermark embedding module is used to embed the information to be implanted into the image by using digital watermark coding technology;
  • the digital watermark coding technology is a mature image coding technology in the prior art, and can digitally not destroy the original image.
  • Information is embedded in the image.
  • the position identification setting module is configured to respectively place four position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2, P3) in four corners of the standard image area, wherein one feature position identification pattern (P3) and three basic positions are included. Identification patterns (P0, P1, P2); the three basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2) are identical and different from the feature position identification pattern (P3);
  • the image code generation module is configured to combine the watermark, the image, and the position indication graphic to generate the image code.
  • the invention also provides a method for generating an image code.
  • FIG. 5 it is a flowchart of a method for generating an image code according to the present invention. The specific steps are as follows:
  • An image adjustment module is provided to adjust the image associated with the information to be implanted to fit the standard image area; generally selected images are associated with the information to be implanted.
  • the image format is adjusted to fit the agreed standard image area.
  • the standard image area is a square image area.
  • a position identification setting module is provided to respectively place four position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2, P3) at four vertex angles of the standard image area, wherein one feature position identification pattern (P3) and 3 basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2); the three basic position identification patterns (P0, P1, P2) are identical and different from the feature position identification pattern (P3);
  • An image code generating module is provided to generate an image code.
  • the image code generated by the image code generating apparatus and method using the above technical solution is composed of three identical basic position identification patterns and one different feature position identification pattern, so that the feature position identification pattern can be quickly located when the mobile phone processes the image code.
  • the Pespective transform is used to correct the angular rotation within the 360-degree range, and to correct the deformation and proportionality of the mobile phone image.
  • the image code stores a limited amount of information.
  • the image code is to be implanted before being generated.
  • the representative website ID information is embedded in the image, and the website ID information and the website address information are registered in the server database; correspondingly, when decoding, the obtained website address information can be used to find the corresponding website information in the server database. .
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for parsing image codes for information storage, delivery, and identification.
  • the device is a handheld communication device.
  • the handheld communication device has an image acquisition device (such as a CCD) and can communicate with the Internet (such as a communication method via wifi, Bluetooth, cellular network, etc.), the handheld communication device includes a mobile phone, an Ipad, a camera with communication function, and an electronic device. Books and similar electronic devices.
  • FIG. 6 a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for parsing an image code for information storage, transfer, and identification, including an image acquisition device, an image processing module, a position identification graphic positioning module, a calculation module, an image correction module, and an information decoding module is shown. ,among them:
  • the image acquisition device is configured to acquire an image code
  • the image processing module is configured to perform image processing on the generated image code image
  • the position identification graphic positioning module is configured to locate four position identification patterns in the actual image and identify the feature position identification pattern;
  • the calculation module is configured to center on the feature position identification graphic, and calculate position coordinates of the three basic position identification patterns in the standard image area according to the positional relationship with the three basic position identification patterns in the actual image;
  • the image correction module is configured to correct the generated image code image into a standard image format by using a perspective transformation and a bilinear interpolation principle of coordinates;
  • the information decoding module uses digital watermark decoding technology to acquire information embedded in the standard image.
  • the invention also proposes a method for parsing image code.
  • FIG. 7 a flow chart of the image code parsing method of the present invention is shown. The specific steps are as follows:
  • the identification feature position identification graphic is realized by calculating and comparing the dark central area values of the four position identification patterns, and the specific steps are as follows: calculating the black portion area of the middle of the four position detection patterns, and comparing the four position detection patterns. The area of the black part of the middle portion is found to be different from the other three position identification patterns in the black middle area, as shown in Fig. 8, wherein the position identification pattern No. 3 is the feature position identification pattern, and the position coordinates thereof are calculated.
  • the central black area of the feature position identification pattern is 1/9 of the black area of the middle of the basic position identification pattern.
  • An image correction module is provided to correct the generated image code image into a standard image format by the principle transformation and the bilinear interpolation principle of the coordinates; that is, through the Perspective transformation (the following formula 1) and the bilinear interpolation of the coordinates (see below) Equation 2) Find the standard image.
  • An information decoding module is provided to acquire information embedded in the standard image by using digital watermark decoding technology.
  • FIG 11 there is shown a schematic diagram of a decoding process of digital watermark information, using the digital watermark decoder (131) to detect information from the corrected image (130) (132); if the detected information is a URL registered at the server
  • the ID information is retrieved from the server database by the server database; the corresponding web page (136) is displayed on the screen (137) of the handheld communication device by the detected (or retrieved) web address information.
  • step (5) further includes:
  • Equation 1 The a, b, c, d and m, n, p, q8 parameters in Equation 1 can be obtained by combining 8 sets of data, pi'(xi, yi) (0 ⁇ i ⁇ 3) and pi (xi, yi) ( 0 ⁇ i ⁇ 3) is substituted into Equation 1.
  • the small circle black point (xi', yi') is the coordinate value (floating point decimal) of the image before correction calculated by the formula 1; the coordinate values of the four small circles x0', y0', x0', y1', X1', y0', (x1', y1') are the coordinate values of the floating point fraction (xi', yi') after taking the integer; respectively, where x0' and x1' are the decimal points of xi', respectively, downward and upward integers.
  • the value (x0' ⁇ xi' ⁇ x1'); y0' and y1' are the integer values of the decimal point of yi' downward and upward, respectively (y0' ⁇ yi' ⁇ y1').
  • f(x i , y i ) [f(x′ 1 , y′ 0 ) ⁇ f(x′ 0 , y′ 0 )] ⁇ (x i ' ⁇ x′ 0 )+[f(x′ 0 , y' 1 )-f(x' 0 , y' 0 )] ⁇ (y′ i -y′ 0 )

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Abstract

本发明提供了用于信息处理的图像码及生成与解析其的装置与方法,该图像码包括一个标准图像区,至少一幅填充于所述标准图像区中的图像,至少一段采用数字水印技术植入所述至少一幅图像中的信息流,以及4个设置在所述标准图像区不同位置的位置标识图形,所述位置标识图形设置在所述标准图像区的4个顶角,包括1个特征位置标识图形和3个基本位置标识图形;所述3个基本位置标识图形完全相同且所述特征位置标识图形不同于基本位置标识图形。采用本发明的技术方案,可以通过智能手机快速获取图像码中的信息,能利用图像(图形)自身内容实现智能手机与互联网的快速链接;相比于二维码,图像码更美观大方且能直观展现其内的信息内容;其内容信息更为安全,难以被篡改或伪造。

Description

用于信息处理的图像码及生成与解析其的装置与方法 技术领域
本发明属于图像处理与自动识别领域,具体涉及一种用于信息处理的图像码及生成与解析其的装置与方法。
背景技术
随着移动互联网时代的来临,二维码已逐渐成为智能手机的键盘,互联网的接入端,并广泛应用于社会的各个领域和我们的日常生活当中。但现有的二维码不能直观或者初步展现其所包含的信息,往往需要附加文字说明;且其黑白相间的图案显得呆板又机械,不够美观,与精美的海报、名片、以及高档商品的包装完全没有统一的协调感。为了让二维码的外观行态更为美观大方,专利申请CN 103632182 A提出了一种三维图像码的生成和解析方法,该方法将二维码中部的部分区域用作图像区域,用于显示与二维码内容相关的图片,同时用4种颜色的方块来取代二维码的黑白方块。该方法一定程度上改善了二维码的美观问题,但本质上与黑白的二维码并无多大区别。
数字水印技术能够在不破坏电子图像品质的前提下将与图像有关的信息通过图像编码软件埋入图像中(又称水印信息的埋入过程)形成电子水印信息。同时,可以通过图像解码软件将埋藏在图像里的电子水印信息读取出来(又称水印信息的检测过程)。植入的电子水印信息难以被篡改或伪造的特点,因而传统的数字水印技术通常是用于电子图像的版权保护。随着数字水印技术与智能手机技术的发展,目前的数字水印技术已发展到可以通过智能手机拍照埋入有水印信息的印刷图像,就可检测出埋藏在图像中的水印信息。
“数字水印图像码”(又称“图像码”)是利用数字水印技术将网址信息(或代表网址的ID信息)埋入图像中,同时通过智能手机拍照埋入有水印信息的印刷 图像(或显示在电子屏幕上的图像),就可检测出埋藏在图像中的网址信息,使手机自动连接到该网址的网站。相对于传统的二维码,数字水印图像码既能保证图像的完整性,又可直接用作二维码,因而更有个性化空间并拥有很大的市场潜力。
但是,要实现通过智能手机拍照并读取印刷在纸张(或显示在电子屏幕)上的图像中的水印信息,首先要克服因智能手机相机拍照时造成的图像的三种失真,(1)由于手机与图像距离的不确定性造成的图像比例失调;(2)由于手机像机与图像的水平夹角的不确定性造成的图像角度旋转;(3)由于手机像机平面与图像平面的不平行造成的图像台型形变。因此,如何快速准确实现对印刷图像的水印信息的识别,已成为图像码能否取代二维码的关键瓶颈技术。
故,针对目前现有技术中存在的上述缺陷,实有必要进行研究,以提供一种方案,解决现有技术中存在的缺陷。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷,本发明提供了一种适用于在手持通信设备中进行快速图像识别的图像码及其生成和解析方法,以解决上述问题。
为解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明的技术方案为:
一种用于信息处理的图像码,所述图像码包括一个标准图像区,至少一幅填充于所述标准图像区中的图像,至少一段采用数字水印技术植入所述至少一幅图像中的信息流,以及4个设置在所述标准图像区不同位置的位置标识图形,所述位置标识图形设置在所述标准图像区的4个顶角,包括1个特征位置标识图形和3个基本位置标识图形;所述3个基本位置标识图形完全相同且所述特征位置标识图形不同于基本位置标识图形,位置标识图形包括深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环,其中,所述基本位置标识图形的深色中部的面积不同于特征位置标识图形的深色中部的面积。
优选地,位置标识图形包括深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环, 其中,所述基本位置标识图形的深色中部的面积不同于特征位置标识图形的深色中部的面积。
优选地,所述位置标识图形为正方形区域,其内的深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环也为正方形区域,所述深色中部和深色内环为黑色中部和黑色内环;
所述基本位置标识图形由其内各部分分割区域的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:3:1:1:1;所述特征位置标识图形的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:1:1:1:1。
优选地,所述标准图像区为正方形区域。
本发明还公开了一种生成用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置,所述生成用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置包括:
一个图像调整模块,该图像调整模块用于调整与待植入信息相关的图像以适应标准图像区域;
一个数字水印植入模块,该数字水印植入模块利用数字水印编码技术,将待植入信息埋入图像中;
一个位置标识设置模块,该位置标识设置模块用于在标准图像区域的4个顶角分别置入4个位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2,P3),其中,包括1个特征位置标识图形(P3)和3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2);所述3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2)完全相同且与所述特征位置标识图形(P3)不相同;以及
一个图像码生成模块,该图像码生成模块用于将水印信息、图像以及位置标示图形合成一体以生成所述图像码。
本发明还公开了一种图像码的生成方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)提供一个图像调整模块以调整与待植入信息相关的图像以适应标准图像区域;
(2)提供一个数字水印植入模块以利用数字水印编码技术,将待植入信息 埋入图像中;
(3)提供一个位置标识设置模块以在标准图像区域的4个顶角分别置入4个位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2,P3),其中,包括1个特征位置标识图形(P3)和3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2);所述3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2)完全相同且与所述特征位置标识图形(P3)不相同;以及
(4)提供一个图像码生成模块以生成图像码。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中置入的位置标识图形包括深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环,其中,所述基本位置标识图形由上述部分分割区域的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:3:1:1:1;所述特征位置标识图形的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:1:1:1:1;其中,所述基本位置标识图形和所述特征标识图形的边长都为图像边长的1/10至1/4。
优选地,还包括在生成图像码前先将待植入信息在服务器数据库中登记的步骤。
本发明还公开了一种解析用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置,所述解析用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置包括:
一个影像获取装置,该影像获取装置用于获取图像码;
一个图像处理模块,该图像处理模块用于对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;
一个位置标识图形定位模块,该位置标识图形定位模块用于定位实际图像中4个位置标识图形并识别特征位置标识图形;
一个计算模块,该计算模块以特征位置标识图形为中心,并根据与实际图像中3个基本位置标识图形的位置关系,计算出标准图像区域中3个基本位置标识图形的位置坐标;
一个图像矫正模块,该图像矫正模块通过Perspective(透视画法)变换和坐标的双线性插值(Bilinear Interpolation)原理将生成的图像码图像矫正为标准图像格式;以及
一个信息解码模块,该信息解码模块利用数字水印解码技术,获取标准图像中所植入的信息。
本发明还公开了一种图像码的解析方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)提供一个影像获取装置以获取图像码;
(2)提供一个图像处理模块以对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;
(3)提供一个位置标识图形定位模块以定位实际图像中4个位置标识图形并识别特征位置标识图形;
(4)提供一个计算模块以特征位置标识图形为中心,并根据与实际图像中3个基本位置标识图形的位置关系,计算出标准图像区域中3个基本位置标识图形的位置坐标;
(5)提供一个图像矫正模块以通过Perspective变换和坐标的双线性插值(Bilinear Interpolation)原理将生成的图像码图像矫正为标准图像格式;以及
(6)提供一个信息解码模块以利用数字水印解码技术,获取标准图像中所植入的信息。
优选地,所述步骤(5)进一步包括:
(a)根据实际图像中4组位置标识图形的位置坐标pi′(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)以及矫正后的标准图像的4组顶角的位置坐标pi(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255)代入以下公式1求出a,b,c,d与m,n,p,q的8个参数值;
xi'=axi+byi+cxiyi+d(0≤i≤3)
                                    (公式1)
yi'=mxi+nyi+pxiyi+q(0≤i≤3)
(b)将矫正前的图像的坐标值(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255)代入公式1,计算出矫正前的图像中的相应坐标值(xi′,yi′);
(c)根据图10中显示的坐标值的相邻关系,利用坐标的双线性插值原理,计算出与坐标值(xi′,yi′)向上与向下求整后的4个坐标值(x0′,y0′)、(x0′,y1′)、(x1′,y0′)、(x1′,y1′);
(d)将双线性插值计算后的4个坐标值(x0′,y0′)、(x0′,y1′)、(x1′,y0′)、(x1′,y1′)的图像像素值f(x0′,y0′)、f(x0′,y1′)、f(x1′,y0′)、 f(x1′,y1′)代入以下公式2,求得Perspective变换后的图像像素值f(xi,yi)(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255);
f(xi,yi)=[f(x′1,y′0)-f(x′0,y′0)]×(xi'-x′0)+[f(x′0,y′1)-f(x′0,y′0)]×(y′i-y′0)
+[f(x′1,y′1)+f(x′0,y′0)-f(x′0,y′1)-f(x′1,y′0)]×(x′i-x′0)×(y′i-y′0)+f(x′0,y′0)  公式(2)
(e)重复步骤(b)至(d)求出标准图像。
优选地,所述步骤(3)识别特征位置标识图形是通过计算并比较4个位置标识图形的深色中部面积值来实现的。
与现有技术相比,采用本发明的上述方案,可以通过手持通信设备快速获取图像码中的信息,能利用图像(图形)自身内容实现手持通信设备与互联网的快速链接,与现有技术的二维码相比具有以下有益效果:图像码更美观大方且能直观展现其内的信息内容;其内容信息更为安全,难以被篡改或伪造;同时本发明采用的4个定位点是由3个相同与一个不同的4个定位点构成,利用Pespective变换可以同时完成对360度范围内的角度旋转做修正,对手机图像的台型形变、比例失调进行矫正。
附图说明
图1是本发明图像码的结构框图;
图2是图1中基本位置标识图形的详细结构图;
图3是图1中特征位置标识图形的详细结构图;
图4是本发明用于生成图像码的装置的原理框图;
图5是本发明图像码的生成方法的流程图;
图6是本发明用于解析图像码的装置;
图7是本发明图像码解析方法的流程图;
图8是二值化处理后的图像示意图;
图9是Perspective变换的原理示意图;
图10坐标的双线性插值原理图;
图11数字水印信息的解码过程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
相反,本发明涵盖任何由权利要求定义的在本发明的精髓和范围上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及方案。进一步,为了使公众对本发明有更好的了解,在下文对本发明的细节描述中,详尽描述了一些特定的细节部分。对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节部分的描述也可以完全理解本发明。
在手持通信设备中识别图像码受到其自身资源的诸多限制,主要存在以下技术问题:(1)由于手机与图像距离的不确定性造成的图像比例失调;(2)由于手机像机与图像的水平夹角的不确定性造成的图像角度旋转;(3)由于手机像机平面与图像平面的不平行造成的图像台型形变。上述技术问题使手持通信设备在识别图像码时存在处理速度慢、误识别率高等问题,极大影响了图像码的实际应用。可以理解,所述手持通信设备为具有影像获取装置(如CCD)且可与互联网通信(如通过wifi、蓝牙、蜂窝网络等通信方式)的设备,所述手持通信设备包括手机、Ipad、具有通信功能的相机、电子书等类似电子设备。
为了实现在手持通信设备中快速识别印刷图像(包括电子屏幕显示)的图像码,本发明提出用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码,该图像码通常印刷在载体表面上(所述载体包括纸、塑料、金属、织物、建筑物等),或显示在电子屏幕上。参见图1,所示为本发明图像码的结构框图,包括一个标准图像区(40),至少一幅填充于所述标准图像区(40)中的图像。所述图像通常为非黑白方块图像,包括公司标识、照片等。至少一段采用数字水印技术植入所述至少一幅图像中的信息流,以及4个设置在所述标准图像区(40)不同位置的位置标识图形。
所述标准图像区(40)用于填充图像并采用数字水印编码技术将待植入信 息埋入图像中;在一种优选实施方式中,所述标准图像区(40)为正方形区域。所述图像的外轮廓形状不限,可为具有规则形状的正方向、圆形,也可为不规则的形状。
所述位置标识图形用于图像码的定位,设置在所述标准图像区的4个顶角,该位置标识图形包括1个特征位置标识图形和3个基本位置标识图形。3个基本位置标识图形完全相同且所述特征位置标识图形不同于基本位置标识图形。通常,所述特征位置标识图形的面积小于基本位置标识图形。如图1所示,其中,(40)是图像边框位置所围成的标准图像区;(P0),(P1),(P2),(P3)分别是0-3号位置标识图形;(P0),(P1),(P2)为基本位置标识图形,(P3)是特征位置标识图形;(P0),(P1),(P2)的图形的边框分别与图像的3个顶角部位的标准图像区(40)的边框对齐;虚线(41)是以(P0),(P1),(P2)的3个中心点坐标连线形成的正方形连接线;(P3)置入与第4个顶角位置使(P3)的中心点移至正方形虚线(41)的顶角位置(42)。
参见图2和图3,所示为位置标识图形的详细结构图。位置标识图形包括深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环,其中,基本位置标识图形的深色中部的面积不同于特征位置标识图形的深色中部的面积。在一种优选的实施方式中,位置标识图形为正方形区域,其内的深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环也为正方形区域,所述深色中部和深色内环为黑色中部和黑色内环;参见图2,所示为基本位置标识图形的详细结构图,(50)是黑色中部;(51)是白色内环;(52)是黑色内环;(53)是白色外环。其中黑色部分的颜色还可以是除黑色以外的深色颜色;(50)(51)(52)(53)部分的形状,还可以是除正方形以外的其他形状。由其内各部分分割区域的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:3:1:1:1。其中,基本位置标识图形的边长为图像边长的1/10至1/4。
参见图3,所示为特征位置标识图形的详细结构图,与图2类似,其中,(60)是黑色中部;(61)是白色内环;(62)是黑色内环;(63)是白色外环。其中 黑色部分的颜色还可以是除黑色以外的深色颜色;(60)(61)(62)(63)部分的形状,还可以是除正方形以外的其他形状。其区别在于其水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:1:1:1:1。其中,特征位置标识图形的边长为图像边长的1/10至1/4。
在现有二维码技术中,通常采用3个相同的定位点结合二维码边框线来修正图像。其中通过3个相同的定位点的识别只能通过2D仿射变换(Affine Transform)对图像做360度范围的角度修正,若要通过透视画法变换(Perspective Transform)对图像的台型形变进行修正,则需要通过识别图像的4条边框线计算出4条边框线的4个交点。因而当二维码区域为非黑白方块且无规则边框时,靠定3个位点自身,则无法对图像的台型形变进行修正。同时,专利申请CN 103632182 A中提出了利用4个相同的定位点对图像做修正的方法,该方法虽然可以通过透视画法变换(Perspective Transform)实现对图像的角度以及台型形变的修正,但由于采用的是4个相同的定位标志,该修正只能限于90度(-45度与+45度之间)的角度。本发明所提供的埋有水印信息的图像码采用的4个定位点是由3个相同的基本位置标识图形和一个不同的特征位置标识图形构成,可快速定位特征位置标识图形,通过透视画法变换(Perspective Transform)可同时对手机图像的台型形变、比例失调、以及360度范围的角度旋转进行矫正。即,本发明所提供的图像码能够被手持通信设备快速、精确地识别,从而能将水印技术成功应用于图像码。
本发明还提供了一种生成用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置,参见图4,所示为生成用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置的原理框图,主要包括图像调整模块、数字水印植入模块、位置标识设置模块和图像码生成模块,其中,
图像调整模块用于调整与待植入信息相关的图像以适应标准图像区域;图像码中的标准图像区(40)为预先约定的图像格式,将图像填充至标准图像区(40)前,需要通过图像调整模块将图像调整为相应的图像格式。
数字水印植入模块用于利用数字水印编码技术,将待植入信息埋入图像中;数字水印编码技术是现有技术中成熟的图像编码技术,能在基本不破坏原图像的基础上将数字信息植入图像中。
位置标识设置模块用于在标准图像区域的4个顶角分别置入4个位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2,P3),其中,包括1个特征位置标识图形(P3)和3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2);所述3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2)完全相同且与所述特征位置标识图形(P3)不相同;以及
图像码生成模块用于将水印、图像以及位置标示图形合成一体以生成所述图像码。
本发明还提供了一种图像码的生成方法,参见图5,所示为本发明图像码的生成方法的流程图,具体步骤为:
(1)提供一个图像调整模块以调整与待植入信息相关的图像以适应标准图像区域;一般选取的图像都与待植入信息相关。为了便于图像处理,将图像格式调整为刚好适应约定的标准图像区域。在优选的实施方式中,标准图像区域为正方形图像区域。
(2)提供一个数字水印植入模块以利用数字水印编码技术,将待植入信息埋入图像中;
(3)提供一个位置标识设置模块以在标准图像区域的4个顶角分别置入4个位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2,P3),其中,包括1个特征位置标识图形(P3)和3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2);所述3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2)完全相同且与所述特征位置标识图形(P3)不相同;以及
(4)提供一个图像码生成模块以生成图像码。
采用上述技术方案的图像码生成装置和方法所生成的图像码由3个相同的基本位置标识图形和一个不同的特征位置标识图形构成,因而可以在手机处理图像码时快速定位特征位置标识图形,利用Pespective变换完成对360度范围内的角度旋转做修正,以及对手机图像的台型形变、比例失调进行矫正。
图像码存储信息量有限,当埋入图像中的信息量较大时,为了让图像码携带更多信息,在本发明的一种优选实施方式中,还包括在生成图像码前先将待植入信息在服务器数据库中登记的步骤。即将代表网址ID信息埋入图像中,并将网址ID信息与网址信息登录在服务器数据库中;相应地,在解码时,利用所获取的网址ID信息就可在服务器数据库中查找到相应的网址信息。
本发明还提供一种解析用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置。所述装置为手持通信设备。该手持通信设备具有影像获取装置(如CCD)且可与互联网通信(如通过wifi、蓝牙、蜂窝网络等通信方式)的设备,所述手持通信设备包括手机、Ipad、具有通信功能的相机、电子书等类似电子设备。参见图6,所示为解析用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置的原理框图,包括影像获取装置、图像处理模块、位置标识图形定位模块、计算模块、图像矫正模块以及信息解码模块,其中:
影像获取装置用于获取图像码;
图像处理模块用于对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;
位置标识图形定位模块用于定位实际图像中4个位置标识图形并识别特征位置标识图形;
计算模块用于以特征位置标识图形为中心,并根据与实际图像中3个基本位置标识图形的位置关系,计算出标准图像区域中3个基本位置标识图形的位置坐标;
图像矫正模块用于通过Perspective变换和坐标的双线性插值原理将生成的图像码图像矫正为标准图像格式;以及
信息解码模块利用数字水印解码技术,获取标准图像中所植入的信息。
本发明还提出了一种图像码的解析方法,参见图7,所示为本发明图像码解析方法的流程图,具体步骤如下:
(1)提供一个影像获取装置以获取图像码,通过手持通信设备获取图像码;用手持通信设备的相机拍照显示在电子屏幕上或打印在纸张上的图像码或者直 接将图像码图像导入手持通信设备,并生成图像码图像。
(2)提供一个图像处理模块以对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;先将图像码图像转换成256灰阶的灰度图像,再利用Niblack法将图像做二值化处理。
(3)提供一个位置标识图形定位模块以定位实际图像中4个位置标识图形并识别特征位置标识图形;在二值化图像中识别4个位置标识图形并计算出4个位置探测图形的坐标值;由于采用3个相同的基本位置标识图形和一个不同的特征位置标识图形构成,因而可以快速定位特征位置标识图形。
其中,识别特征位置标识图形是通过计算并比较4个位置标识图形的深色中部面积值来实现的,具体步骤如下,计算出4个位置探测图形的中部黑色部分面积,比较4个位置探测图形的中部黑色部分面积,找出黑色中部面积不同于其他三个的位置标识图形,如图8所示,其中3号位置标识图形即为特征位置标识图形,计算出其位置坐标。在一种优选的实施方式中,特征位置标识图形的中部黑色面积为基本位置标识图形的中部黑色面积的1/9。
(4)提供一个计算模块以特征位置标识图形为中心,并根据与实际图像中3个基本位置标识图形的位置关系,计算出标准图像区域中3个基本位置标识图形的位置坐标;由此,确定了标准图像区域。
(5)提供一个图像矫正模块以通过Perspective变换和坐标的双线性插值原理将生成的图像码图像矫正为标准图像格式;即通过Perspective变换(如下公式1)以及坐标的双线性插值(如下公式2)求出标准图像。
(6)提供一个信息解码模块以利用数字水印解码技术,获取标准图像中所植入的信息。参见图11,所示为数字水印信息的解码过程示意图,利用数字水印解码器(131)从矫正后的图像(130)中检测出的信息(132);如果检测的信息为在服务器登记的网址ID信息,则通过服务器数据库检索出相应的网址信息;通过检测出的(或检索出)网址信息将相应的网页(136)显示在手持通信设备的屏幕(137)上。
在一种优选的实施方式中,上述步骤(5)进一步包括:
(a)根据实际图像中4组位置标识图形的位置坐标pi′(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)以及矫正后的标准图像的4组顶角的位置坐标pi(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255)代入以下公式1求出a,b,c,d与m,n,p,q的8个参数值;参见图9,所示为Perspective变换的原理图,其中pi′(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)是含有台型形变、旋转、缩放的图像中的4个位置标识图形的中心点坐标值;pi(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)是经过Perspective变换后的标准图像中的4个位置标识图形的中心点坐标值;pi′(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)与pi(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)的关系可以用下述公式1来表示。
xi'=axi+byi+cxiyi+d(0≤i≤3)       公式(1)
yi'=mxi+nyi+pxiyi+q(0≤i≤3)
公式1中的a,b,c,d与m,n,p,q8个参数可以通过将8组数据,pi′(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)与pi(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)代入公式1求出。
(b)将矫正前的图像的坐标值(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255)代入公式1,计算出矫正前的图像中的相应坐标值(xi′,yi′);
(c)根据图10中显示的坐标值的相邻关系,计算出与坐标值(xi′,yi′)向上与向下求整后的4个坐标值(x0′,y0′)、(x0′,y1′)、(x1′,y0′)、(x1′,y1′);参见图10,所示为坐标的双线性插值原理图。其中小圆黑点(xi′,yi′)是由公式1计算出的矫正前图像的坐标值(浮点小数);4个小圆的坐标值x0′,y0′,x0′,y1′,x1′,y0′,(x1′,y1′)分别是浮点小数(xi′,yi′)取整数后的坐标值;其中x0′与x1′分别是xi′的小数点向下与向上的整数值(x0′≤xi′≤x1′);y0′与y1′分别是yi′的小数点向下与向上的整数值(y0′≤yi′≤y1′)。
(d)将双线性插值计算后的4个坐标值(x0′,y0′)、(x0′,y1′)、(x1′,y0′)、(x1′,y1′)的图像像素值f(x0′,y0′)、f(x0′,y1′)、f(x1′,y0′)、f(x1′,y1′)代入公式2,求得Perspective变换后的图像像素值f(xi,yi)(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255);
f(xi,yi)=[f(x′1,y′0)-f(x′0,y′0)]×(xi'-x′0)+[f(x′0,y′1)-f(x′0,y′0)]×(y′i-y′0)
+[f(x′1,y′1)+f(x′0,y′0)-f(x′0,y′1)-f(x′1,y′0)]×(x′i-x′0)×(y′i-y′0)+f(x′0,y′0) 公式(2)
(e)重复步骤(b)至(d)求出标准图像。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于信息处理的图像码,其特征在于:所述图像码包括一个标准图像区,至少一幅填充于所述标准图像区中的图像,至少一段采用数字水印技术植入所述至少一幅图像中的信息流,以及4个设置在所述标准图像区不同位置的位置标识图形,所述位置标识图形设置在所述标准图像区的4个顶角,包括1个特征位置标识图形和3个基本位置标识图形;所述3个基本位置标识图形完全相同且所述特征位置标识图形不同于基本位置标识图形,位置标识图形包括深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环,其中,所述基本位置标识图形的深色中部的面积不同于特征位置标识图形的深色中部的面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于信息处理的图像码,其特征在于,所述位置标识图形为正方形区域,其内的深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环也为正方形区域,所述深色中部和深色内环为黑色中部和黑色内环;
    所述基本位置标识图形由其内各部分分割区域的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:3:1:1:1;所述特征位置标识图形的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:1:1:1:1。
  3. 一种生成用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置,其特征在于,所述生成用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置包括:
    一个图像调整模块,该图像调整模块用于调整与待植入信息相关的图像以适应标准图像区域;
    一个数字水印植入模块,该数字水印植入模块利用数字水印编码技术,将待植入信息埋入图像中;
    一个位置标识设置模块,该位置标识设置模块用于在标准图像区域的4个顶角分别置入4个位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2,P3),其中,包括1个特征位置标识图形(P3)和3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2);所述3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2)完全相同且与所述特征位置标识图形(P3)不相同;以及
    一个图像码生成模块,该图像码生成模块将水印信息、图像以及位置标示图形合成一体以生成所述图像码。
  4. 一种图像码的生成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    提供一个图像调整模块以调整与待植入信息相关的图像以适应标准图像区域;
    提供一个数字水印植入模块以利用数字水印编码技术,将待植入信息埋入图像中;
    提供一个位置标识设置模块以在标准图像区域的4个顶角分别置入4个位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2,P3),其中,包括1个特征位置标识图形(P3)和3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2);所述3个基本位置标识图形(P0,P1,P2)完全相同且与所述特征位置标识图形(P3)不相同;以及
    提供一个图像码生成模块以生成图像码。
  5. 根据权利要求6所述的图像码的生成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中置入的位置标识图形包括深色中部、白色内环、深色内环和白色外环,其中,所述基本位置标识图形由上述部分分割区域的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:3:1:1:1;所述特征位置标识图形的水平特征比例和垂直特征比例均为1:1:1:1:1:1:1。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的生成方法,其特征在于,还包括在生成图像码前将待植入信息在服务器数据库中登记的步骤。
  7. 一种解析用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置,其特征在于:所述解析用于信息存储、传递以及识别的图像码的装置包括:
    一个影像获取装置,该影像获取装置用于获取图像码;
    一个图像处理模块,该图像处理模块用于对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;
    一个位置标识图形定位模块,该位置标识图形定位模块用于定位实际图像中4个位置标识图形并识别特征位置标识图形;
    一个计算模块,该计算模块以特征位置标识图形为中心,并根据与实际图像中3个基本位置标识图形的位置关系,计算出标准图像区域中3个基本位置标识图形的位置坐标;
    一个图像矫正模块,该图像矫正模块通过Perspective变换和坐标的双线性插值原理将生成的图像码图像矫正为标准图像格式;以及
    一个信息解码模块,该信息解码模块利用数字水印解码技术,获取标准图像中所植入的信息。
  8. 一种图像码的解析方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    (1)提供一个影像获取装置以获取图像码;
    (2)提供一个图像处理模块以对生成的图像码图像进行图像处理;
    (3)提供一个位置标识图形定位模块以定位实际图像中4个位置标识图形并识别特征位置标识图形;
    (4)提供一个计算模块以特征位置标识图形为中心,并根据与实际图像中3个基本位置标识图形的位置关系,计算出标准图像区域中3个基本位置标识图形的位置坐标;
    (5)提供一个图像矫正模块以通过Perspective变换和坐标的双线性插值原理将生成的图像码图像矫正为标准图像格式;以及
    (6)提供一个信息解码模块以利用数字水印解码技术,获取标准图像中所植入的信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的图像码解析方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)进一步包括:
    (a)根据实际图像中4组位置标识图形的位置坐标pi′(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)以及矫正后的标准图像的4组顶角的位置坐标pi(xi,yi)(0≤i≤3)(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255)代入以下公式1求出a,b,c,d与m,n,p,q的8个参数值;
    xi'=axi+byi+cxiyi+d(0≤i≤3)
    yi'=mxi+nyi+pxiyi+q(0≤i≤3)    公式(1)
    (b)将矫正前的图像的坐标值(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255)代入公式1,计算出矫 正前的图像中的相应坐标值(xi′,yi′);
    (c)根据坐标的双线性插值原理,计算出与坐标值(xi′,yi′)向上与向下求整后的4个坐标值(x0′,y0′)、(x0′,y1′)、(x1′,y0′)、(x1′,y1′);
    (d)将双线性插值计算后的4个坐标值(x0′,y0′)、(x0′,y1′)、(x1′,y0′)、(x1′,y1′)的图像像素值f(x0′,y0′)、f(x0′,y1′)、f(x1′,y0′)、f(x1′,y1′)代入以下公式2,求得Perspective变换后的图像像素值f(xi,yi)(0≤xi≤255,0≤yi≤255);
    f(xi,yi)=[f(x′1,y′0)-f(x′0,y′0)]×(xi'-x′0)+[f(x′0,y′1)-f(x′0,y′0)]×(yi′-y′0)
    +[f(x′1,y′1)+f(x′0,y′0)-f(x′0,y′1)-f(x′1,y′0)]×(xi′-x′0)×(yi′-y′0)+f(x′0,y′0)  公式(2)
    (e)重复步骤(b)至(d)求出标准图像。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的图像码解析方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)识别特征位置标识图形是通过计算并比较4个位置标识图形的深色中部面积值来实现的。
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