WO2016054809A1 - 一种预编码信息的获取装置、方法和系统 - Google Patents

一种预编码信息的获取装置、方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016054809A1
WO2016054809A1 PCT/CN2014/088324 CN2014088324W WO2016054809A1 WO 2016054809 A1 WO2016054809 A1 WO 2016054809A1 CN 2014088324 W CN2014088324 W CN 2014088324W WO 2016054809 A1 WO2016054809 A1 WO 2016054809A1
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Prior art keywords
transformation matrix
information
zero
matrix
codebook
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PCT/CN2014/088324
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毕晓艳
陈大庚
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CN201480081469.0A priority Critical patent/CN106716896B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/088324 priority patent/WO2016054809A1/zh
Priority to EP14903679.0A priority patent/EP3185454B1/en
Publication of WO2016054809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016054809A1/zh
Priority to US15/481,845 priority patent/US10142003B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0636Feedback format
    • H04B7/0639Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0417Feedback systems
    • H04B7/0421Feedback systems utilizing implicit feedback, e.g. steered pilot signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202Channel estimation
    • H04L25/024Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
    • H04L25/0242Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods
    • H04L25/0248Eigen-space methods

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for acquiring precoding information.
  • Multi-input and multi-output (English: Multi-input Multi) is introduced in the long-term evolution technology (English: Long Term Evolution; LTE) and the long-term evolution technology upgrade (English: LTE-Advanced; LTE-A) system.
  • -output referred to as MIMO technology, which plays an important role in improving system throughput.
  • MIMO technology the closed-loop MIMO transmission scheme can bring greater capacity increase than the open-loop MIMO transmission scheme.
  • the so-called closed-loop MIMO transmission scheme refers to the following downlink (English: downlink) as an example.
  • a base station (English: Base Station; abbreviated as: BS) transmits measurement pilots, and then the terminal receives measurement pilots, and then performs uplink feedback.
  • BS Base Station
  • the base station obtains the characteristics of the downlink channels of each terminal, thereby selecting a precoding scheme more suitable for the characteristics of the instantaneous channel.
  • the base station transmits measurement pilots, and the process of the terminal estimating the channel characteristics through the uplink feedback channel is called channel acquisition.
  • a type of channel acquisition method in the protocol standard of LTE or LTE-A there is a type of channel acquisition method in the protocol standard of LTE or LTE-A: first, in the formulation stage of the protocol standard, a vector capable of quantizing the channel space is designed according to the commonly used antenna form, and is solidified in a standard protocol, these vectors It is called a codebook; then in the actual communication, the base station transmits the measurement pilot, and the terminal in the cell measures the pilot, quantizes the actual channel according to the codebook in the protocol, and selects an optimal set of codebook indexes (English: The codebook index) is fed back to the base station.
  • This method of channel acquisition is called a channel acquisition method based on codebook feedback.
  • the codebook designs in the existing protocol standards are designed based on antennas of a specific form.
  • the design of codebooks poses new challenges.
  • the shape of the antenna will appear more diverse in the future, extending from the traditional line array to the area array and even the spherical array; on the other hand, due to the future 5G application field
  • Different antenna beam coverage requirements may occur in the diversity of scenes. For example, in some skyscrapers, the coverage of the base station requires the base station beam range to achieve fine beam differentiation in the vertical direction. In some large venues, the base station is required to Fine beam differentiation is achieved in the horizontal direction.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a device, a method and a system for acquiring precoding information, which can flexibly adapt to different antenna configurations and application scenarios.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for acquiring precoding information, where the device for acquiring precoding information includes:
  • a determining module configured to determine a transform amount according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna shape
  • a sending module configured to send, to the terminal, information about the amount of the transformation determined by the determining module, where the information of the transformed amount is used by the terminal according to the information of the transformed amount, a codebook and a guide for acquiring channel information
  • the frequency measurement result determines a precoding matrix index PMI;
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the PMI reported by the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for feeding back precoding information, where the apparatus for feeding back precoding information includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive information about a transform quantity, where the transform quantity is determined according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of an antenna shape;
  • An obtaining module configured to obtain a precoding matrix index PMI according to the information about the transform quantity received by the receiving module, a codebook used to obtain channel information, and a pilot measurement result;
  • a sending module configured to feed back, to the network node, the PMI obtained by the acquiring module.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for acquiring precoding information, where the precoding
  • the method for obtaining code information includes:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for feeding back precoding information, where the method for feeding back precoding information includes:
  • the PMI is fed back to the network node.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for acquiring precoding information, where the system for acquiring precoding information includes:
  • a network node configured to determine a transform amount according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna shape; and send, to the terminal, the information of the transformed amount, where the information of the transformed amount is used by the terminal according to the information of the transformed amount,
  • the codebook and the pilot measurement result used to obtain the channel information determine a precoding matrix index PMI; and receive the PMI reported by the terminal;
  • a terminal configured to receive a transformed amount, wherein the transform amount is determined according to a range of a steering vector and a departure angle of an antenna shape; a codebook and a pilot used to acquire channel information according to the information of the transformed amount
  • the measurement results in a precoding matrix index PMI; the PMI is fed back to the network node.
  • the amount of transformation is determined according to the range of the steering vector and the departure angle of the antenna form, that is, the information about the antenna shape and the departure angle is converted into a transformed amount and transmitted to the terminal.
  • the terminal can obtain the relevant information, and obtain and feed back the precoding information according to the related information, so that the base station can more fully and flexibly acquire the channel information to adapt to different antenna configurations and departure angle application scenarios.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of different types of antennas
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of different antenna departure angle application scenarios
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of several common planar antenna arrays
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a codebook gain effect obtained by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for feeding back precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a device for acquiring precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for feeding back precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for acquiring precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for feeding back precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system for acquiring precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device, method and system for acquiring precoding information proposed by the embodiments of the present invention can flexibly adapt to different antenna configurations and requirements of the departure angle application scenario, and accurately obtain channel information.
  • the related concepts of the network node, the antenna configuration, the application scenario, and the codebook for acquiring channel information are as follows:
  • the network node in the embodiment of the present invention may be an AP (Access Point, wireless) in Wi-Fi. Access point), or BTS (Base Transceiver Station) in GSM (Global System of Mobile communication) or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), or WCDMA (Wideband Code) NB (NodeB, base station) in the multiplex (Long Term Evolution), or an eNB (Evolutional Node B) in the LTE (Long Term Evolution), or a relay station or a relay station Incoming points, or other devices such as devices in the future 5G network.
  • AP Access Point, wireless
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code
  • NodeB base station
  • eNB Evolutional Node B
  • the terminal in the embodiment of the present invention may be a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, and a SIP ( Session Initiation Protocol, telephone, WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital processing), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, computing Device or other processing device connected to the wireless modem.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the antenna configuration in the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, different types of antennas as shown in FIG. 1, for example, a line array antenna 101, a surface array antenna 102, a spherical array antenna 103, a cylindrical array antenna 104, and the like.
  • the array element spacing of the antenna array may be uniform or non-uniform;
  • the application scenarios in the embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, different antenna departure angle application scenarios as shown in FIG. 2, for example, an application scenario 201 with a large horizontal departure angle, an application scenario 202 with a large vertical departure angle, and the like.
  • the codebook for acquiring channel information in the embodiment of the present invention refers to designing a set of vectors capable of quantifying channel space and solidifying in a standard protocol according to a commonly used antenna form. For example, as shown in Table 1, it is the codebook of 4 antennas in Table 6.3.4.2.3-2 of 3GPP standard 36.211 V8.3.0.
  • the codebook is designed based on a uniform linear array (English: Uniform Linear Array; ULA) 4 antenna with an array element spacing of ⁇ /2. It is a channel empty according to the ULA's co-polarized antenna form. Between the quantization and the design, it is especially suitable for the quantization of the channel space in this antenna form.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method for acquiring precoding information includes:
  • Step 301 Determine a conversion amount according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna shape.
  • the network node generates a transformation amount of the network node according to a range of a steering vector and a departure angle of the antenna shape thereof;
  • determining a transform amount that maximizes an antenna gain according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna form or determining a transform amount that minimizes a fluctuation range of the antenna gain according to a range of the steering vector and the exit angle of the antenna form; That is, the amount of transformation is such that the antenna gain of the network node is maximized, or the amount of transformation is such that the fluctuation range of the antenna gain of the network node is minimized;
  • the transformation amount of the network node is a transformation matrix T or other may represent the network node The amount of the steering vector and the range of the exit angle of the antenna form;
  • the antenna gain is:
  • p i [p 1 , p 2 , . . . p N ] is a vector in a codebook for acquiring channel information
  • [p 1 , p 2 , . . . , p N ] is a codebook for acquiring channel information
  • N is the number of vectors in the codebook used to acquire channel information
  • C M ⁇ M is a complex matrix with rows and columns of M
  • a( ⁇ ) ⁇ C M ⁇ 1 is the orientation of the antenna form Vector (English: steering vector)
  • C M ⁇ 1 is a complex matrix with a row number of M and a column number of 1
  • M is a port number of a codebook for acquiring channel information
  • the horizontal departure angle range ⁇ m is [-15°, 60°], and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ m in a( ⁇ ).
  • the array antenna configuration includes the arrangement of the antenna array, the array element spacing of the antenna array, and the position of the reference array element.
  • the arrangement of the antenna array may be a linear array, a ring array, a rectangular array, a lattice array, etc.
  • the arrangement of several common planar antenna arrays, the array element spacing of the planar antenna array refers to the horizontal array element spacing, the vertical direction element spacing, etc.
  • the dH given in FIG. 3 is The horizontal direction element spacing, dV is the vertical direction element spacing.
  • the steering vector is determined by the shape of the array antenna, which characterizes the phase delay of the plane wave on a group of elements, wherein the phase can be any angle.
  • k is the wave number vector
  • the wave number vector k represents the phase change vector of the plane wave in the x direction, the y direction, and the z direction, wherein the x direction, the y direction, and the z direction are three mutually perpendicular directions, and the amplitude of k is the wave number which is For a specific direction
  • the wave number vector on is:
  • is the angle between the specific direction and the xz plane
  • the xz plane is a plane formed by the x direction and the z direction
  • the xy plane is a plane formed by the x direction and the y direction.
  • a method for determining a transformation matrix T of the network node according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of an antenna shape of the network node comprises:
  • T is a complex matrix of M ⁇ M C M ⁇ M
  • J(T) is a function of T, and takes a value of real R.
  • J: C M ⁇ M ⁇ R means that T in J(T) is a complex matrix of M ⁇ M C M ⁇ M
  • J(T) is taken according to the formula The real part of the obtained value
  • M is the number of port numbers of the codebook used to acquire the channel information
  • p i ⁇ [p 1 , p 2 , ... p N ] is the vector in the codebook for acquiring the channel information, [p 1 , p 2 , ...
  • p N is a codebook for acquiring channel information
  • i is any positive integer between 1 and N
  • N is the number of vectors in the codebook used to acquire the channel information
  • a( ⁇ ) is the steering vector of the antenna form
  • ⁇ m To leave the angular range, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ m in a( ⁇ ).
  • the transformation matrix T is designed such that the antenna gain is maximized for the steering vector a( ⁇ ) and the departure angle range ⁇ m for a given antenna configuration, wherein the antenna gain is:
  • T is a complex matrix of M ⁇ M C M ⁇ M
  • J (T) is a function of T, and the value is a real number R;
  • maximizing the antenna gain using a gradient decrement algorithm includes:
  • a H ( ⁇ ) is a conjugate transpose of a( ⁇ ).
  • is The step size is a preset value, l is the number of iterations, and l is a positive integer.
  • another method for determining the transformation matrix T of the network node according to the range of the steering vector and the departure angle of the antenna shape of the network node that is, a method for determining the transformation matrix T that minimizes the fluctuation range of the antenna gain include:
  • T is a complex matrix of M ⁇ M C M ⁇ M
  • J(T) is a function of T, and takes a value of real R.
  • J: C M ⁇ M ⁇ R means that T in J(T) is a complex matrix of M ⁇ M C M ⁇ M
  • J(T) is taken according to the formula The real part of the obtained value
  • M is the number of port numbers of the codebook used to acquire the channel information
  • p i ⁇ [p 1 , p 2 , ... p N ] is the vector in the codebook for acquiring the channel information, [p 1 , p 2 , ...
  • p N is a codebook for acquiring channel information
  • i is any positive integer between 1 and N
  • N is the number of vectors in the codebook used to acquire the channel information
  • a( ⁇ ) is the steering vector of the antenna form
  • ⁇ m To leave the angular range, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ m in a( ⁇ ).
  • the design matrix T is such that the range of fluctuation of the antenna gain is the smallest in a given antenna form a( ⁇ ) and the departure angle ⁇ m , wherein the fluctuation range of the antenna gain is
  • the gradient decrement algorithm is used to minimize the fluctuation range of the antenna gain:
  • T is a complex matrix of M ⁇ M C M ⁇ M
  • J (T) is a function of T, and the value is a real number R;
  • T H T I
  • T H is the Hermite matrix of the transformation matrix T
  • I is a unit matrix
  • Step 302 Send the information of the transformed quantity to the terminal, where the information of the transformed quantity is used by the terminal to determine the PMI according to the information of the transformed quantity, the codebook used to obtain the channel information, and the pilot measurement result;
  • the transformation amount of the network node is a transformation matrix T
  • the system information block is transmitted to the terminal, and the system information block carries the information of the transformation matrix T, that is, the information of the transformation matrix T is carried by the system information block, and the system is The information block is sent to the terminal;
  • SIB14 the newly added SIB of the present invention is defined as SIB14, and the information of the transformation matrix T is encapsulated in the SIB14, and then broadcasted by a signal or wireless.
  • the resource control signaling sends the SIB 14 to the terminal.
  • the SIB 14 includes related information of the transformation matrix, and the related information is related to the codebook-based feedback mode.
  • the feedback mode is generally known in the existing LTE and LTE-A protocols, and specifically refers to the description of the 3GPP standard 36.331 6.3.1.
  • SIB14 includes elements carrying specific transformation matrix parameters, which are defined as follows:
  • SIB 14 includes the following parameters:
  • the horizontal transformation matrix indicates: indicates whether there is a transformation matrix in the horizontal direction, for example, it is 1-bit information, when it is 1, it indicates that there is a transformation matrix in the horizontal direction; otherwise, it indicates that there is no transformation matrix in the horizontal direction;
  • Horizontal transformation matrix dimension used to indicate the dimension of the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction
  • Horizontal transformation matrix non-zero number used to indicate non-zero elements of the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction number
  • a horizontal transformation matrix element a value indicating a non-zero element of the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction; it includes a row index of a non-zero element in the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction, and the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction a column index of a non-zero element, a real part of a non-zero element in the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction, and an imaginary part of a non-zero element in the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction;
  • SIB 14 includes the following parameters:
  • Vertical transformation matrix indication used to indicate whether there is a transformation matrix in the vertical direction. For example, it is 1-bit information, when it is 1, it means that there is a transformation matrix in the vertical direction; otherwise, it means that there is no transformation matrix in the vertical direction;
  • Vertical transformation matrix dimension used to indicate the dimension of the transformation matrix in the vertical direction
  • Vertical transformation matrix non-zero number the number of non-zero elements used to indicate the transformation matrix in the vertical direction
  • a vertical transformation matrix element a value indicating a non-zero element of the transformation matrix in a vertical direction; it includes a row index of a non-zero element in the transformation matrix in a vertical direction, and the transformation matrix in a vertical direction a column index of a non-zero element, a real part of the non-zero element in the transformation matrix in the vertical direction, and an imaginary part of the non-zero element in the transformation matrix in the vertical direction;
  • all non-zero elements of the transformation matrix are complex numbers of magnitude one.
  • all non-zero elements of the transformation matrix mentioned in the horizontal transformation matrix element value and the vertical transformation matrix element value are complex numbers of magnitude 1.
  • the specific names of the parameters included in the SIB 14 may be other names as long as they represent the same or similar roles;
  • transformation matrix in the horizontal direction and the transformation matrix in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. It is shown that when the transformation matrix T is generated, a transformation matrix in the horizontal direction or a transformation matrix in the vertical direction is generated according to actual needs. Specifically, assuming that the range of the exit angle in the vertical direction is zero, a transformation matrix in the horizontal direction is obtained, assuming that the range of the exit angle in the horizontal direction is zero, and a transformation matrix in the vertical direction is obtained.
  • a 4-form circular array (English: Uniform Circular Array; abbreviated as: UCA), a 0.94 ⁇ antenna, based on the horizontal departure angle, is based on the 3GPP standard 36.211 V8.3.0 for acquiring channel information.
  • UCA Uniform Circular Array
  • T example generated by the scheme of the present invention are as follows:
  • the elements of the corresponding SIB 14 carrying specific transformation matrix parameters are as follows:
  • the horizontal transformation matrix indicates: 1, indicating that T example has a transformation matrix in a horizontal direction;
  • Horizontal transformation matrix dimension 4, indicating that the dimension of the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction of T example is 4;
  • the horizontal transformation matrix non-zero number 4, indicating that the number of non-zero elements of the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction of T example is 4;
  • Horizontal transformation matrix elements wherein the first column indicates T example non-zero elements in row 2,4,3,1 T example, the second column represents the T example the first column corresponding to non-zero elements in the first and second T example of , columns 3 and 4, the third column represents the real portion of the value of non-zero elements in the first column corresponding to T example, the third column represents the imaginary part of the T-element nonzero value corresponding to the first column of the example;
  • the element that carries the specific transformation matrix parameter in the corresponding SIB 14 further includes:
  • the vertical transformation matrix indicates: 0, indicating that T example has no transformation matrix in the horizontal direction;
  • the transmission horizontal transformation matrix elements may be transmitted in columns, that is, in the order of the first column from top to bottom, and then sequentially from the second column to the last column; likewise, the value of the transmission horizontal transformation matrix element may be performed in a row. Transmission, that is, sequential transmission from left to right and then second to last in the first line; a similar method can be used to transmit vertical transformation matrix element values.
  • the solution provided by the present invention can achieve a gain fluctuation of only 0.7 dB for the 4-UCA, 0.94 ⁇ antenna, and the stability of the gain is greatly improved.
  • T example is the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction obtained according to step 301, that is, the transformation matrix obtained only considering the horizontal departure angle, that is, the departure angle range ⁇ m , including the horizontal departure angle range ⁇ m and the vertical departure Angular range Vertical departure angle range Zero; likewise, according to step 301, a transformation matrix in the vertical direction, that is, a transformation matrix obtained only considering the vertical departure angle, the departure angle range ⁇ m , including the horizontal departure angle range ⁇ m and vertical Departure angle range Wherein the horizontal departure angle range ⁇ m is zero; likewise, when the departure angle range ⁇ m of a certain network node includes a horizontal departure angle range ⁇ m and a vertical departure angle range When it is not zero, it can be left out of the angular range by Zero, obtain the transformation matrix in the horizontal direction of the network node, so that the horizontal departure angle range ⁇ m is zero, and obtain the transformation matrix in the vertical direction of the network node; further, the transformation matrix and the vertical direction in the horizontal
  • the level in the embodiment of the present invention may be represented as a horizon or a horizontal, and the English is: horizontal;
  • the vertical in the embodiment of the present invention may be represented as vertical or vertical or elevation, and English is: vertical or elevation;
  • system information block carrying all or part of the information of the transformation matrix T is sent to the terminal through a broadcast channel or radio resource control signaling;
  • the network node also sends a channel measurement pilot to the terminal, and the channel measurement pilot is used to measure channel characteristics between the network node and the terminal.
  • Step 303 Receive a precoding matrix index PMI reported by the terminal
  • the precoding matrix indicator (English: Precoding Matrix Indicator; PMI for short) is generated based on information of the amount of transform, a codebook for acquiring channel information, and a pilot measurement result.
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
  • the information of the transform quantity is sent to the terminal through the system information block, so that the terminal can obtain the information related to the antenna shape and the exit angle, and according to the correlation
  • the information obtains and feeds back the precoding information, so that the network node obtains the channel information more flexibly to adapt to different antenna configurations and departure angle application scenarios.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for feeding back precoding information according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the method for feeding back precoding information includes:
  • Step 601 Receive information of a transform quantity, where the transform quantity is determined according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of an antenna shape;
  • the information about the amount of transformation sent by the network node is received, where the amount of transformation is generated according to a range of a steering vector and a departure angle of an antenna shape of the network node; wherein the amount of transformation is satisfied such that the antenna gain of the network node is maximized or the amount of transformation is satisfied. Minimizing the fluctuation range of the antenna gain of the network node;
  • the transformation amount of the network node is a transformation matrix T or other may represent the network node
  • the method for determining the transformation matrix T is similar to the method in step 301.
  • the definition of the system information block is similar to the definition of the SIB 14 in step 302, and details are not described herein again.
  • the terminal further receives a channel measurement pilot from the network node, and obtains a channel characteristic matrix H according to the channel measurement pilot, wherein H can be obtained by a prior art channel measurement method.
  • Step 602 Obtain a precoding matrix index PMI according to the information of the transformed quantity, the codebook used to obtain the channel information, and the pilot measurement result.
  • the terminal obtains a PMI according to information of the transformation matrix T;
  • Step 01 Obtain a channel characteristic matrix H of the downlink channel according to the pilot measurement result, that is, the terminal measures the channel measurement pilot of the network node, and obtains a channel characteristic matrix H of the downlink channel;
  • Step 02 The terminal performs quantization according to H, the transformation matrix T, and the codebook p i ⁇ [p 1 , p 2 , . . . , p N ] for acquiring channel information, that is, according to the calculation formula. Searching for p i that maximizes the value of the formula;
  • Step 03 The index value of P i searched by Step 02 is PMI;
  • Step 13 The index value of n p i searched by Step 12 is PMI.
  • the network node can fully acquire the channel characteristics and communicate more specifically according to the channel characteristics to improve communication reliability and system capacity.
  • Step 603 Feed back PMI to the network node.
  • the PMI obtained in step 602 is fed back to the network node.
  • Step 03 searches for a PMI, and the PMI is fed back to the network node;
  • the index values of the n P i obtained by Step 13 are PMI, and at this time, because n P i has n There are index values, so there are also N PMIs, and all of the n PMIs are fed back.
  • the network node By feeding back precoding information to the network node, wherein the precoding information is obtained according to the transform quantity converted by the antenna shape and the relevant information of the leaving angle, so that the network node obtains the channel information more flexibly to adapt to different antennas. Form and departure angle application scenarios.
  • the steps 301 to 303 and the steps 601 to 603 may be repeatedly performed according to an event trigger or a periodic trigger, for example, according to a network node-to-terminal interference situation or a preset time interval, the method of the embodiment of the present invention is triggered, so that The amount of transformation and PMI are dynamically updated.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for acquiring precoding information, as shown in FIG.
  • a determining module 702 configured to determine the amount of the transform according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna shape
  • the sending module 701 is configured to send, to the terminal, information about the amount of transform determined by the determining module 702, where the information of the transformed amount is used by the terminal to determine, according to the information about the transformed amount, the codebook used to acquire the channel information, and the pilot measurement result.
  • PMI the amount of transform determined by the determining module 702
  • the receiving module 703 is configured to receive the PMI reported by the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for feeding back precoding information, as shown in FIG. 8 , including:
  • the receiving module 801 is configured to receive information about a transform quantity, where the transform quantity is determined according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna shape;
  • the obtaining module 802 is configured to obtain a precoding matrix index PMI according to the information about the amount of transform received by the receiving module 801, the codebook used to obtain the channel information, and the pilot measurement result;
  • the sending module 803 is configured to feed back, to the network node, the PMI obtained by the obtaining module 802.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for acquiring precoding information, as shown in FIG. 9, including: a processor 901, a memory 902, a transmitter 904, a receiver 905, and a bus 903, wherein the processor 901, the memory 902, and the transmitting The machine 904 and the receiver 905 are connected by a bus 903 for data transmission, and the memory 902 is used for storing data processed by the processor 901;
  • the bus 903 can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. Etc., here is not limited.
  • the bus 904 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For the sake of convenience, only one thick line is shown in Figure 9, but it does not mean that only A bus or a type of bus. among them:
  • the memory 902 is used to store data or executable program code, where the program code includes computer operating instructions, which may specifically be: an operating system, an application, or the like.
  • Memory 902 may include high speed RAM memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.
  • the processor 901 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the processor 901 is configured to implement the acquisition method of the precoding information in the above embodiment by executing the program code in the memory 902.
  • the processor 901 is configured to determine a conversion amount according to a range of a steering vector and an exit angle of the antenna shape
  • the transmitter 904 is configured to send information about the amount of transformation determined by the processor 901 to the terminal, where the information of the amount of transformation is used by the terminal to determine the PMI according to the information of the amount of the transformation, the codebook for acquiring the channel information, and the pilot measurement result;
  • the receiver 905 is configured to receive the PMI reported by the terminal.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for feeding back precoding information, as shown in FIG. 10, including: a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a transmitter 1004, a receiver 1005, and a bus 1003, wherein the processor 1001, the memory 1002, and the transmitting
  • the device 1004 and the receiver 1005 are connected to each other for data transmission via a bus 1003, and the memory 1002 is configured to store data processed by the processor 1001;
  • the bus 1003 can be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, It is abbreviated as ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus.
  • ISA Industry Standard Architecture
  • PCI Peripheral Component
  • EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
  • the bus 1004 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 10, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. among them:
  • the memory 1002 is configured to store data or executable program code, where the program code includes computer operating instructions, specifically: an operating system, an application, and the like.
  • the memory 1002 may include a high speed RAM memory and may also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory.
  • the processor 1001 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the processor 1001 is for implementing a method of feeding back precoding information in the above embodiment by executing program code in the memory 1002.
  • the receiver 1005 is configured to receive the information of the transformed quantity, wherein the amount of the transformation is determined according to a range of the steering vector and the departure angle of the antenna shape;
  • the processor 1001 is configured to obtain a precoding matrix index PMI according to the information of the amount of transform received by the receiver 1005, the codebook for acquiring channel information, and the pilot measurement result;
  • the transmitter 1004 is configured to feed back the PMI obtained by the processor 1001 to the network node.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for acquiring precoding information, as shown in FIG.
  • the system includes a network node 1101 and a terminal 1102 for performing the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system may include the apparatus of FIG. 7 and the apparatus of FIG. 8, or the system may include, for example, The device of Figure 9 and the device of Figure 10.
  • aspects of the present invention, or possible implementations of various aspects may be embodied as a system, method, or computer program product.
  • aspects of the invention, or possible implementations of various aspects may be in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, etc.), or a combination of software and hardware aspects, They are collectively referred to herein as "circuits," “modules,” or “systems.”
  • aspects of the invention, or possible implementations of various aspects may take the form of a computer program product, which is a computer readable program code stored in a computer readable medium.
  • the computer readable medium can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium.
  • the computer readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Erase programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable read-only memory (CD-ROM).
  • the processor in the computer reads the computer readable program code stored in the computer readable medium such that the processor is capable of performing the various functional steps specified in each step of the flowchart, or a combination of steps; A device that functions as specified in each block, or combination of blocks.
  • the computer readable program code can execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on the remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server.
  • the functions noted in the various steps in the flowcharts or in the blocks in the block diagrams may not occur in the order noted. For example, depending on the functionality involved, the two steps shown in succession, or two blocks may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be Execute in reverse order.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提出了一种预编码信息的获取装置,包括:确定模块,用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定所述变换量;发送模块,用于向终端发送所述确定模块确定的所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定所述PMI;接收模块,用于接收所述终端上报的所述PMI,由于网络节点向终端发送含有天线信息的变换量,且终端根据变换量反馈PMI,使得网络节点更充分灵活地获取信道信息,以适应不同的天线形态和离开角应用场景。

Description

一种预编码信息的获取装置、方法和系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术,特别是一种预编码信息的获取方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
在长期演进技术(英文:Long Term Evolution;简称:LTE)和长期演进技术升级版(英文:LTE-Advanced;简称:LTE-A)系统中,引入了多输入多输出(英文:Multi-input Multi-output;简称:MIMO)技术,它对于提升系统吞吐量具有重要作用。在MIMO技术里,闭环的MIMO传输方案相对于开环的MIMO传输方案能带来更大的容量提升。所谓闭环MIMO传输方案是指:以下行链路(英文:downlink)为例,基站(英文:Base Station;简称:BS)发送测量导频,然后终端接收测量导频后,通过上行反馈的方式使得基站获得各终端下行信道的特征,从而选取更适合于瞬时信道特征的预编码方案。在这个过程中基站发送测量导频,终端估计后通过上行反馈信道特征的过程被称为信道获取。
目前在LTE或LTE-A的协议标准中有一类信道获取方法是:首先,在协议标准的制定阶段,根据常用的天线形态设计出能够量化信道空间的向量,并固化在标准协议中,这些向量被称为码本;然后在实际通信中基站发送测量导频,小区中的终端测量该导频后按照协议中的码本来量化实际信道,并挑选出最优的一组码本索引(英文:codebook index)反馈给基站。这种信道获取的方法叫做基于码本反馈的信道获取方法。
现有的协议标准中码本设计都是基于特定形态的天线进行设计的。然而,随着大规模天线技术日益成熟以及未来5G更为复杂多样的应用场景需求,对码本的设计提出了新的挑战。首先,未来天线的形态会出现更加的多样,会从传统的线阵扩展到面阵甚至球面阵;另一方面,由于未来5G应用场 景的多样性会出现不同的天线波束覆盖要求,比如在某些摩天大楼的覆盖场景下要求基站波束范围能够在垂直方向上实现精细的波束区分,而在某些大型场馆中则要求基站能够在水平方向上实现精细的波束区分。
从上述分析来看,未来5G的应用需求,给MIMO技术提出了新的挑战,而3GPP标准里基于单一天线形态设计的码本显然无法满足不同天线形态下信道空间的量化,同时也无法满足不同应用场景的需求。
发明内容
本发明实施例提出了一种预编码信息的获取装置、方法和系统,可以灵活地适应不同的天线形态和应用场景。
第一方面,本发明实施例提出了一种预编码信息的获取装置,所述预编码信息的获取装置包括:
确定模块,用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
发送模块,用于向终端发送所述确定模块确定的所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定预编码矩阵索引PMI;
接收模块,用于接收所述终端上报的所述PMI。
第二方面,本发明实施例提出了一种反馈预编码信息的装置,所述反馈预编码信息的装置包括:
接收模块,用于接收变换量的信息,其中,所述变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
获取模块,用于根据所述接收模块接收的所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
发送模块,用于向网络节点反馈所述获取模块得到的所述PMI。
第三方面,本发明实施例提出了一种预编码信息的获取方法,所述预编 码信息的获取方法包括:
根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
向终端发送所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定预编码矩阵索引PMI;
接收所述终端上报的所述PMI。
第四方面,本发明实施例提出了一种反馈预编码信息的方法,所述反馈预编码信息的方法包括:
接收变换量的信息,其中,所述变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
向网络节点反馈所述PMI。
第五方面,本发明实施例提出了一种获取预编码信息的系统,所述获取预编码信息的系统包括:
网络节点,用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;向终端发送所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定预编码矩阵索引PMI;接收所述终端上报的所述PMI;
终端,用于收变换量的信息,其中,所述变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;向网络节点反馈所述PMI。
本发明实施例中,通过根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定变换量,即将天线形态和离开角的相关信息转化为变换量的形式向终端发送, 让终端可以获得这些相关信息,并根据这些相关信息得到并反馈预编码信息,从而使得基站更充分灵活地获取信道信息,以适应不同的天线形态和离开角应用场景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对现有技术或实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是不同类型的天线形态的示意图;
图2是不同的天线离开角应用场景的示意图;
图3是本发明实施例提供的预编码信息的获取方法示意图;
图4是几种常见的面天线阵列的排列方式的示意图;
图5是本发明实施例得到的码本增益效果图;
图6是本发明实施例提供的反馈预编码信息的方法示意图;
图7是本发明实施例提供的一种预编码信息的获取装置示意图;
图8是本发明实施例提供的一种反馈预编码信息的装置示意图;
图9是本发明实施例提供的一种用于获取预编码信息的装置示意图;
图10是本发明实施例提供的一种反馈预编码信息的装置示意图;
图11是本发明实施例提供的一种获取预编码信息的系统示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提出的预编码信息的获取装置、方法和系统,可以灵活地适应不同的天线形态和离开角应用场景的要求,准确地获得信道信息。为了便于理解,本发明涉及的网络节点、天线形态、应用场景、用于获取信道信息的码本等相关概念说明如下:
本发明实施例中的网络节点可以为Wi-Fi中的AP(Access Point,无线 接入点),或者是GSM(Global System of Mobile communication,全球移动通讯)或CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access,码分多址)中的BTS(Base Transceiver Station,基站),也可以是WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access,宽带码分多址)中的NB(NodeB,基站),还可以是LTE(Long Term Evolution,长期演进)中的eNB或eNodeB(Evolutional Node B,演进型基站),或者中继站或者接入点,或者未来5G网络中的设备等其他设备。
本发明实施例中的终端可以为用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、SIP(Session Initiation Protocol,会话启动协议)电话、WLL(Wireless Local Loop,无线本地环路)站、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant,个人数字处理)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备。
本发明实施例中的天线形态包括但不限于:如图1所示的不同类型的天线形态,例如,线阵列天线101、面阵列天线102、类球面阵列天线103、圆柱面阵列天线104等,其中,天线阵列的阵元间距可以是均匀的也可以是非均匀的;
本发明实施例中的应用场景包括但不限于:如图2所示的不同的天线离开角应用场景,例如,水平离开角较大的应用场景201、垂直离开角较大的应用场景202等。
本发明实施例中的用于获取信道信息的码本是指根据常用的天线形态设计出能够量化信道空间并固化在标准协议中的一组向量。举例来说,如表1所示,是3GPP标准36.211 V8.3.0中表6.3.4.2.3-2中4天线的码本。该码本是基于阵元间距为λ/2的均匀线型阵列(英文:Uniform Linear Array;简称:ULA)4天线来设计的,它是根据ULA的同极化的天线形态下信道空 间的量化进行设计的,尤其适合于这种天线形态下信道空间的量化。
表1 端口号为{0,1,2,3}天线的码本
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000001
图3是本发明实施例提供的的预编码信息的获取方法示意图,如图3所示,预编码信息的获取方法包括:
步骤301:根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
具体地,网络节点根据其天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,生成该网络节点的变换量;
进一步地,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换量,或者,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换量;也就是说,变换量满足使得该网络节点的天线增益最大,或者,变换量满足使得该网络节点的天线增益的波动范围最小;
具体地,该网络节点的变换量为变换矩阵T或其他可以表征该网络节点 的天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围的量;
对于给定的天线形态的导向矢量a(θ)和离开角范围θm,天线增益为:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000002
其中,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,例如表1中的un,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000003
为pi的转置,T∈CM×M,CM×M为行数和列数均为M的复数矩阵,a(θ)∈CM×1,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量(英文:steering vector),CM×1为行数为M、列数为1的复数矩阵,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数;
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000004
为离开角范围,包括水平离开角范围φm和垂直离开角范围
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000005
例如水平离开角范围φm为[-15°,60°],a(θ)中的θ∈θm
阵列天线形态包括天线阵列的排列方式、天线阵列的阵元间距、参考阵元位置等;其中,天线阵列的排列方式可以是线型阵列、环型阵列、矩型阵列、格型阵列等,举例来说,如图4所示的几种常见的面天线阵列的排列方式,面天线阵列的阵元间距是指水平方向阵元间距、垂直方向阵元间距等,图3中给出的dH为水平方向阵元间距,dV为垂直方向阵元间距。
导向矢量是由阵列天线形态决定的,它表征了平面波在一组阵元上的相位延迟,其中,相位可以为任意角度。
举例来说,一个阵列天线有Q个阵元,其中第q个阵元的位置矢量为rq=(xq yq zq),其中,q为1到Q的正整数,xq、yq、zq为第q个阵元的位置坐标,位置坐标可以体现阵元排列方式,rq T表示rq的转置,则该天线阵列的导向矢量a(θ)为一个Q×1的复矢量,可表示为:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000006
其中,k是波数矢量,波数矢量k表征了平面波在x方向、y方向、z方 向上的相位变化矢量,其中,x方向、y方向、z方向为3个相互垂直方向,k的幅度为波数即
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000007
对于一个特定方向
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000008
上的波数矢量为:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000009
其中,φ为该特定方向和xz平面的夹角,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000010
为该特定方向和xy平面的夹角,xz平面为x方向和z方向构成的平面,xy平面为x方向和y方向构成的平面。
可选地,根据网络节点的天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定该网络节点的变换矩阵T的一种方法,即确定使得天线增益最大的变换矩阵T的一种方法包括:
变换矩阵T根据
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000011
获得,
T的取值为
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000012
其中,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000013
为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
J(T)根据
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000014
获得,
其中,T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)是T的函数,且取值为实数R。J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000015
获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000016
为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
具体地,设计变换矩阵T使得在给定天线形态的导向矢量a(θ)和离开角范围θm,天线增益最大化,其中,天线增益为:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000017
举例来说,利用梯度递减算法,使得天线增益最大化:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000018
T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)是T的函数,且取值为实数R;
变换矩阵T满足
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000019
T的取值为
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000020
其中,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000021
为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
进一步地,利用梯度递减算法,使得天线增益最大化包括:
S1:初始化:l=0,设T0单位阵或者是稀疏的酉阵;
S2:计算梯度
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000022
S3:计算
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000023
并使Tl+1为酉阵;
S4:计算J(Tl+1)及J(Tl),若J(Tl+1)大于J(Tl),且没有达到最打迭代次数,则l增加1,并转到步骤S2,继续计算直到收敛;否则,转到步骤S1,并且T0初始化为和之前初始化不同的矩阵,继续计算直到收敛。
其中,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000024
是J(T)的梯度,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000026
为pi的共轭,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000027
为pi的转置,aH(θ)为a(θ)的共轭转置。
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000028
μ为
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000029
步长,为预先设定的值,l为迭代次数,l为正整数。
可选地,根据网络节点的天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定该网络节点的变换矩阵T的另一种方法,即确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换矩阵T的一种方法包括:
变换矩阵T根据
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000030
获得,
T的取值为
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000031
其中,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000032
为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
J(T)根据
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000033
获得,
其中,T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)是T的函数,且取值为实数R。J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000034
获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000035
为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
具体地,设计矩阵T使得在给定天线形态a(θ)和离开角θm范围内,天线增益的波动范围最小,其中,天线增益的波动范围为
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000036
利用梯度递减算法,使得天线增益的波动范围最小:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000037
T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)是T的函数,且取值为实数R;
变换矩阵T满足
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000038
其中,
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000039
为T的估计值,T的取值可以为求得的
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000040
其中,THT=I,TH为变换矩阵T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
在具体实现变换矩阵T的求解过程中,可以使用类似上述的梯度迭代法也可以采用其他的最优值求解方法。
步骤302:向终端发送变换量的信息,其中,变换量的信息用于终端根据变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定PMI;
具体来说,该网络节点的变换量为变换矩阵T,向终端发送系统信息块,系统信息块携带变换矩阵T的信息,也就是说,通过系统信息块携带变换矩阵T的信息,并将系统信息块发送给终端;
延续现有协议中关于系统信息块(英文:System Information Block;简称:SIB)的定义,本发明新增的SIB定义为SIB14,将变换矩阵T的信息封装在SIB14中,然后通过广播信号或者无线资源控制信令发送SIB14给终端。
SIB14中包含变换矩阵的相关信息,该相关信息与基于码本的反馈模式有关,其中,反馈模式在现有LTE,LTE-A协议里普遍知晓,具体参考3GPP标准36.331 6.3.1的描述。SIB14中包括携带具体的变换矩阵参数的元素,具体定义如下:
可选地,SIB14包括以下参数:
水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有变换矩阵,例如,它是1比特信息,当它为1时表示水平方向上有变换矩阵,否则,表示水平方向上没有变换矩阵;
水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的变换矩阵的维度;
水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的变换矩阵的非零元素的个 数;
水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值;它包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部;
可选地,SIB14包括以下参数:
垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有变换矩阵。例如,它是1比特信息,当它为1时表示垂直方向上有变换矩阵,否则,表示垂直方向上没有变换矩阵;
垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的变换矩阵的维度;
垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值;它包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部;
可选地,变换矩阵的所有非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。进一步地,在水平变换矩阵元素值和垂直变换矩阵元素值中提到的变换矩阵的所有非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。当所有非零元素的幅度全为1时,信道需要下发的变换矩阵的信息量减少,只需下发每个复数的相位即可,这样可以大大节约系统资源,提高系统通信效率。
进一步地,上述SIB14包括的参数的具体名称可以为其他名称,只要其表示相同或相似的作用即可;
另外,关于水平方向上的变换矩阵和垂直方向上的变换矩阵,如图2所 示,在生成变换矩阵T时,根据实际需要,生成水平方向上的变换矩阵或垂直方向上的变换矩阵。具体地,假定垂直方向上的离开角的范围为零,得到水平方向上的变换矩阵,假定水平方向上的离开角的范围为零,得到垂直方向上的变换矩阵。
举例来说,4-均匀圆型阵列(英文:Uniform Circular Array;简称:UCA)、0.94λ天线,在只考虑水平离开角的情况下,基于3GPP标准36.211 V8.3.0中用于获取信道信息的码本以及本发明方案生成的变换矩阵Texample如下:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000041
针对Texample,对应的SIB14中携带具体的变换矩阵参数的元素如下:
水平变换矩阵指示:1,表示Texample有水平方向上的变换矩阵;
水平变换矩阵维度:4,表示Texample的水平方向上的变换矩阵的维度为4;
水平变换矩阵非零数:4,表示Texample的水平方向上的变换矩阵的非零元素的个数为4;
水平变换矩阵元素:
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000042
其中,第一列表示Texample中非零元素在Texample的第2、4、3、1行,第二列表示与第一列对应的Texample中非零元素在Texample的第1、2、3、4列,第三列表示与第一列对应的Texample中非零元素值的实部,第三列表示与第一列对应的Texample中非零元素值的虚部;
可选地,针对Texample,对应的SIB14中携带具体的变换矩阵参数的元素还包括:
垂直变换矩阵指示:0,表示Texample没有水平方向上的变换矩阵;
垂直变换矩阵维度:0;
垂直变换矩阵非零数:0;
垂直变换矩阵元素值:0。
进一步地,传输水平变换矩阵元素可以按列传输,也就是说,按照第一列从上到下,然后依次第二列到最后一列的顺序传输;同样地,传输水平变换矩阵元素值可以按行传输,也就是说,按照第一行从左到右,然后依次第二行到最后一行的顺序传输;传输垂直变换矩阵元素值也可以采用类似的方法。
上述以Texample为例,结合在[-90°,90°]的水平方向上的离开角的范围,所以只有水平方向上的变换矩阵,得到的码本增益如图5所示,从图中可以看出本发明提供的方案能够实现4-UCA、0.94λ天线仅0.7dB的增益起伏,增益的稳定性大大提高。
Texample为根据步骤301得到的在水平方向上的变换矩阵,即在只考虑水平离开角的情况下得到的变换矩阵,也就是说离开角范围θm,包括水平离开角范围φm和垂直离开角范围
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000043
其中垂直离开角范围
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000044
为零;同样地,根据步骤301,可以得到在垂直方向上的变换矩阵,即在只考虑垂直离开角的情况下得到的变换矩阵,离开角范围θm,包括水平离开角范围φm和垂直离开角范围
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000045
其中水平离开角范围φm为零;同样地,当某个网络节点的离开角范围θm包括的水平离开角范围φm和垂直离开角范围
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000046
都不为零时,可通过令垂直离开角范围
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000047
为零,得到该网络节点的水平方向上的变换矩阵,令水平离开角范围φm为零,得到该网络节点的垂直方向上的变换矩阵;进一步地,将水平方向上的变换矩阵和垂直方向上的变换矩阵都封装在SIB14发送给终端;
另外,本发明实施例中的水平可以表示为地平线的或横的,英文为:horizontal;本发明实施例中的垂直可以表示为竖直的或竖的或仰角的,英文为:vertical或elevation;
进一步地,携带变换矩阵T的全部或部分信息的系统信息块通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令发送给终端;
进一步地,网络节点还向终端发送信道测量导频,该信道测量导频用于测量网络节点到终端间的信道特性。
步骤303:接收终端上报的预编码矩阵索引PMI;
具体地,该预编码矩阵索引(英文:Precoding Matrix Indicator;简称:PMI)是根据变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果生成的。
通过将网络节点的天线形态和离开角的相关信息转化为变换量,通过系统信息块将变换量的信息发送给终端,让终端可以获得这些与天线形态和离开角相关的信息,并根据这些相关的信息得到并反馈预编码信息,从而使得网络节点更充分灵活地获取信道信息,以适应不同的天线形态和离开角应用场景。
图6是本发明实施例提供的反馈预编码信息的方法示意图,如图6所示,反馈预编码信息的方法包括:
步骤601:接收变换量的信息,其中,变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
具体地,接收网络节点发送的变换量的信息,其中,变换量根据网络节点的天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围生成;其中,变换量满足使得该网络节点的天线增益最大或者变换量满足使得该网络节点的天线增益的波动范围最小;
具体地,该网络节点的变换量为变换矩阵T或其他可以表征该网络节点 的天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围的量;进一步地,终端接收系统信息块,该系统信息块携带变换矩阵的信息。
具体地,该变换矩阵T的确定方法和步骤301中的方法类似,该系统信息块的定义和步骤302中的SIB14定义类似,在此不再赘述。
进一步地,终端还接收来自网络节点的信道测量导频,并根据信道测量导频得到信道特性矩阵H,其中,H可以通过现有技术的信道测量方法获得。
步骤602:根据变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
具体地,终端根据变换矩阵T的信息得到PMI;
可选地,一种得到PMI的方法:
Step 01:根据导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H,也就是说,终端测量网络节点的信道测量导频,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H;
Step 02:终端根据H、变换矩阵T、用于获取信道信息的码本pi∈[p1,p2,…pN],进行量化,即根据计算公式
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000048
搜索能够使得该公式取值最大的pi
Step 03:Step 02搜索到的Pi的索引值即为PMI;
可选地,另一种得到PMI的方法:
Step 11:根据导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H,也就是说,终端测量网络节点的信道测量导频,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H;对H进行奇异值分解(英文:Singular Value Decomposition;简称:SVD)获得前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n,其中,j为1到n之间的任一正整数,n为正整数;
Step 12:终端根据{Vj}j=1,…n,变换矩阵T,用于获取信道信息的码本 pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]进行量化,对每一个Vj计算以下公式
Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-000049
即搜索每个Vj能够使得以上公式取值最大的pi,从而获得n个pi
Step 13:Step 12搜索到的n个pi的索引值即为PMI。
通过得到PMI,网络节点可以充分获取信道特性,并根据信道特性更有针对性的进行通信,以提高通信的可靠性和系统容量。
步骤603:向网络节点反馈PMI;
将步骤602中得到的PMI反馈给网络节点。具体地,对于步骤602中Step 03搜索得到一个PMI,将该PMI反馈给网络节点;对于步骤602中Step13搜索得到的n个Pi的索引值即为PMI,此时因为n个Pi有n个索引值,所以PMI也有n个,将这n个PMI全部反馈。
通过向网络节点反馈预编码信息,其中,预编码信息是根据由天线形态和离开角的相关信息转化来的变换量得到的,从而使得网络节点更充分灵活地获取信道信息,以适应不同的天线形态和离开角应用场景。
另外,步骤301至步骤303以及步骤601至步骤603可以根据事件触发或周期触发重复执行,例如根据网络节点到终端间的干扰情况或者预先设定的时间间隔触发本发明实施例的方法,从而可以动态地更新变换量和PMI。
相应于上面的方法实施例,本发明实施例还提供一种预编码信息的获取装置,参见图7所示:包括:
确定模块702,用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定所述变换量;
发送模块701,用于向终端发送确定模块702确定的变换量的信息,其中,变换量的信息用于终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定PMI;
接收模块703,用于接收终端上报的PMI。
其中涉及到的一些技术特征,例如:天线形态的导向矢量、离开角的范围、变换量,PMI,系统信息块和变换矩阵等,和上述方法实施例涉及到的一些技术特征类似或对应,本实施例不再进行重复说明。
相应于上面的方法实施例,本发明实施例还提供反馈预编码信息的装置,参见图8所示:包括:
接收模块801,用于接收变换量的信息,其中,变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
获取模块802,用于根据接收模块801接收的变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
发送模块803,用于向网络节点反馈获取模块802得到的PMI。
其中涉及到的一些技术特征,例如:天线形态的导向矢量、离开角的范围、变换量,PMI,系统信息块和变换矩阵等,和上述方法实施例涉及到的一些技术特征类似或对应,本实施例不再进行重复说明。
本发明的实施例提供用于获取预编码信息的装置,参照图9所示,包括:处理器901、存储器902、发射机904、接收机905及总线903,其中处理器901、存储器902、发射机904及接收机905通过总线903连接进行数据传输,存储器902用于存储处理器901处理的数据;
该总线903可以是工业标准体系结构(Industry Standard Architecture,简称为ISA)总线、外部设备互连(Peripheral Component,简称为PCI)总线或扩展工业标准体系结构(Extended Industry Standard Architecture,简称为EISA)总线等,此处并不限定。该总线904可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示,图9中仅用一条粗线表示,但并不表示仅有 一根总线或一种类型的总线。其中:
存储器902用于存储数据或可执行程序代码,其中程序代码包括计算机操作指令,具体可以为:操作系统、应用程序等。存储器902可能包含高速RAM存储器,也可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory),例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
处理器901可能是一个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,简称为CPU),或者是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,简称为ASIC),或者是被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
处理器901用于通过执行存储器902中的程序代码实现上述实施例中的预编码信息的获取方法。
具体包括:
处理器901用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
发射机904用于向终端发送处理器901确定的变换量的信息,其中,变换量的信息用于终端根据变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定PMI;
接收机905用于接收终端上报的PMI。
其中涉及到的一些技术特征,例如:天线形态的导向矢量、离开角的范围、变换量,PMI,系统信息块和变换矩阵等,和上述方法实施例涉及到的一些技术特征类似或对应,本实施例不再进行重复说明。
本发明的实施例提供一种反馈预编码信息的装置,参照图10所示,包括:处理器1001、存储器1002、发射机1004、接收机1005及总线1003,其中处理器1001、存储器1002、发射机1004及接收机1005通过总线1003连接进行数据传输,存储器1002用于存储处理器1001处理的数据;
该总线1003可以是工业标准体系结构(Industry Standard Architecture, 简称为ISA)总线、外部设备互连(Peripheral Component,简称为PCI)总线或扩展工业标准体系结构(Extended Industry Standard Architecture,简称为EISA)总线等,此处并不限定。该总线1004可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示,图10中仅用一条粗线表示,但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。其中:
存储器1002用于存储数据或可执行程序代码,其中程序代码包括计算机操作指令,具体可以为:操作系统、应用程序等。存储器1002可能包含高速RAM存储器,也可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory),例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
处理器1001可能是一个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,简称为CPU),或者是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,简称为ASIC),或者是被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
处理器1001用于通过执行存储器1002中的程序代码实现上述实施例中的反馈预编码信息的方法。
具体包括:
接收机1005用于接收变换量的信息,其中,变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
处理器1001用于根据接收机1005接收的变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
发射机1004用于向网络节点反馈处理器1001得到的PMI。
其中涉及到的一些技术特征,例如:天线形态的导向矢量、离开角的范围、变换量,PMI,系统信息块和变换矩阵等,和上述方法实施例涉及到的一些技术特征类似或对应,本实施例不再进行重复说明。
系统实施例,本发明实施例提供一种获取预编码信息的系统,如图11 所述,该系统包括网络节点1101和终端1102,用于执行本发明实施例提供的方法,具体地,该系统可以包括如图7的装置和如图8的装置,或者,该系统可以包括如图9的装置和如图10的装置。
本领域普通技术人员将会理解,本发明的各个方面、或各个方面的可能实现方式可以被具体实施为系统、方法或者计算机程序产品。因此,本发明的各方面、或各个方面的可能实现方式可以采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例(包括固件、驻留软件等等),或者组合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式,在这里都统称为“电路”、“模块”或者“系统”。此外,本发明的各方面、或各个方面的可能实现方式可以采用计算机程序产品的形式,计算机程序产品是指存储在计算机可读介质中的计算机可读程序代码。
计算机可读介质可以是计算机可读信号介质或者计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质包含但不限于电子、磁性、光学、电磁、红外或半导体系统、设备或者装置,或者前述的任意适当组合,如随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM或者快闪存储器)、光纤、便携式只读存储器(CD-ROM)。
计算机中的处理器读取存储在计算机可读介质中的计算机可读程序代码,使得处理器能够执行在流程图中每个步骤、或各步骤的组合中规定的功能动作;生成实施在框图的每一块、或各块的组合中规定的功能动作的装置。
计算机可读程序代码可以完全在用户的计算机上执行、部分在用户的计算机上执行、作为单独的软件包、部分在用户的计算机上并且部分在远程计算机上,或者完全在远程计算机或者服务器上执行。也应该注意,在某些替代实施方案中,在流程图中各步骤、或框图中各块所注明的功能可能不按图中注明的顺序发生。例如,依赖于所涉及的功能,接连示出的两个步骤、或两个块实际上可能被大致同时执行,或者这些块有时候可能被 以相反顺序执行。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (74)

  1. 一种预编码信息的获取装置,其特征在于,包括:
    确定模块,用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
    发送模块,用于向终端发送所述确定模块确定的所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定预编码矩阵索引PMI;
    接收模块,用于接收所述终端上报的所述PMI。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵,所述发送模块具体用于向所述终端发送系统信息块,所述系统信息块携带所述变换矩阵的信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述水平变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示水平方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示水平方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述水平变换矩阵元素包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述垂直变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示垂直方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示垂直方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述垂直变换矩阵元素包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令向终端发送所述系统信息块。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换矩阵的非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8所述的装置,其特征在于,
    确定模块具体用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换量。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,其中,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的 范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换矩阵T包括:
    T根据
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100001
    获得,
    T的取值为
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100002
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100003
    为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
    其中,J(T)根据J:CM×M→R
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100004
    获得,
    J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100005
    获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100006
    为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
  11. 根据权利要求1至8所述的装置,其特征在于,
    确定模块具体用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换量。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,其中,所述根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的矩阵T包括:
    T根据
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100007
    获得,
    T的取值为
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100008
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100009
    为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
    其中,J(T)根据J:CM×M→R
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100010
    获得,
    J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100011
    获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100012
    为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
  13. 根据权利要求10或12所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述天线形态的导向矢量
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100013
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100014
    分别表示第2到Q个阵元的位置矢量,k是波数矢量,k表征了平面波在x方向、y方向、z方向上的相位变化矢量,其中,x方向、y方向、z方向为3个相互垂直方向,k的幅度为波数即
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100015
    对于一个特定方向
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100016
    k为:
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100017
    其中,φ为所述特定方向和xz平面的夹角,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100018
    为所述特定方向和xy平面的夹角。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为网络节点。
  15. 一种反馈预编码信息的装置,其特征在于,包括
    接收模块,用于接收变换量的信息,其中,所述变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
    获取模块,用于根据所述接收模块接收的所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
    发送模块,用于向网络节点反馈所述获取模块得到的所述PMI。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵,接收模块具体用于
    接收系统信息块,所述系统信息块携带所述变换矩阵的信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述水平变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示水平方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示水平方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述水平变换矩阵元素包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚 部。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述垂直变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示垂直方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示垂直方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述垂直变换矩阵元素包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  21. 根据权利要求16至20任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述接收模块通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令接收系统信息块。
  22. 根据权利要求16至21任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换矩阵的非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。
  23. 根据权利要求15至22任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,所述获取模块根据变换矩阵T的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI具体包括:
    根据所述导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H;
    根据第一公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100019
    得到使得所述第一公式取值最大的pi,pi的索引值i即为所述PMI,
    其中,TT为T的转置,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数。
  24. 根据权利要求15至22任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,所述获取模块根据变换矩阵T的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI具体包括:
    根据所述导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H,并对H进行奇异值分解获得前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n,其中,j为1到n之间的任一正整数,n为正整数;
    对每一个Vj,根据第二公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100020
    得到使得所述第二公式取值最大的pi,pi的索引值i即为Vj对应的的PMI,前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n共得到n个PMI,
    其中,T为所述变换矩阵,TT为T的转置,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数。
  25. 根据权利要求15至24任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为终端。
  26. 一种预编码信息的获取方法,其特征在于,包括:
    根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
    向终端发送所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定预编码矩阵索引PMI;
    接收所述终端上报的所述PMI。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵,向所述终端发送所述变换矩阵的信息具体包括:
    向所述终端发送系统信息块,所述系统信息块携带所述变换矩阵的信息。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  29. 根据权利要求27或28所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述水平变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示水平方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示水平方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述水平变换矩阵元素包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述垂直变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示垂直方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示垂直方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述垂直变换矩阵元素包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的 行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  32. 根据权利要求27至31任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令发送给终端。
  33. 根据权利要求27至32任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换矩阵的非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。
  34. 根据权利要求26至33所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定所述变换量具体为根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换量。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,其中,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换矩阵T包括:
    T根据
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100021
    获得,
    T的取值为
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100022
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100023
    为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
    其中,J(T)根据J:CM×M→R
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100024
    获得,
    J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100025
    获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100026
    为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
  36. 根据权利要求26至33所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定所述变换量具体为根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换量。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,其中,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换矩阵T包括:
    T根据
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100027
    获得,
    T的取值为
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100028
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100029
    为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
    其中,J(T)根据J:CM×M→R
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100030
    获得,
    J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100031
    获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100032
    为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
  38. 根据权利要求35或37所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述天线形态的导向矢量
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100033
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100034
    分别表示第2到Q个阵元的位置矢量,k是波数矢量,k表征了平面波在x方向、y方向、z方向上的相位变化矢量,其中,x方向、y方向、z方向为3个相互垂直方向,k的幅度为波数即
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100035
    对于一个特定 方向
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100036
    k为:
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100037
    其中,φ为所述特定方向和xz平面的夹角,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100038
    为所述特定方向和xy平面的夹角。
  39. 一种反馈预编码信息的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    接收变换量的信息,其中,所述变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
    根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
    向网络节点反馈所述PMI。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵,所述接收变换量的信息具体包括:
    接收系统信息块,所述系统信息块携带所述变换矩阵的信息。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  42. 根据权利要求40或41所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  43. 根据权利要求41所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述水平变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示水平方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示水平方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述水平变换矩阵元素包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  44. 根据权利要求42所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述垂直变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示垂直方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示垂直方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述垂直变换矩阵元素包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  45. 根据权利要求40至44任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令接收所述系统信息块。
  46. 根据权利要求40至45任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换矩阵的非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。
  47. 根据权利要求39至46任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,根据变换矩阵T的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI具体包括:
    根据所述导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H;
    根据第一公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100039
    得到使得所述第一公式取值最大的pi,pi的索引值i即为所述PMI,
    其中,TT为T的转置,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数。
  48. 根据权利要求39至46任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,根据变换矩阵T的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI具体包括:
    根据所述导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H,并对H进行奇异值分解获得前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n,其中,j为1到n之间的任一正整数,n为正整数;
    对每一个Vj,根据第二公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100040
    得到使得所述第二公式取值最大的pi,pi的索引值i即为Vj对应的的PMI,前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n共得到n个PMI,
    其中,T为所述变换矩阵,TT为T的转置,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数。
  49. 一种用于获取预编码信息的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:处理器、存储器、发射机、接收机及总线,其中所述处理器、所述存储器、所述发射机及所述接收机通过所述总线连接进行数据传输,所述存储器用于存 储所述处理器处理的数据;
    所述处理器用于根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定变换量;
    所述发射机用于向终端发送所述处理器确定的所述变换量的信息,所述变换量的信息用于所述终端根据所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果确定预编码矩阵索引PMI;
    所述接收机用于接收所述终端上报的所述PMI。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵,所述发射机具体用于:
    向所述终端发送系统信息块,所述系统信息块携带所述变换矩阵的信息。
  51. 根据权利要求50所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  52. 根据权利要求50或51所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  53. 根据权利要求51所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述水平变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示水平方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示水平方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述水平变换矩阵元素包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  54. 根据权利要求52所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述垂直变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示垂直方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示垂直方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述垂直变换矩阵元素包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  55. 根据权利要求50至54任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令向终端发送所述系统信息块。
  56. 根据权利要求50至55任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换矩阵的非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。
  57. 根据权利要求49至56所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定所述变换量具体为根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换量。
  58. 根据权利要求57所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,其中,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益最大的变换矩阵T包括:
    T根据
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100041
    获得,
    T的取值为
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100042
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100043
    为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
    其中,J(T)根据J:CM×M→R 获得,
    J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100045
    获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100046
    为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
  59. 根据权利要求49至56所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定所述变换量具体为根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换量。
  60. 根据权利要求59所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,其中,根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围,确定使得天线增益的波动范围最小的变换矩阵T包括:
    T根据
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100047
    获得,
    T的取值为
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100048
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100049
    为T的估计值,且T满足THT=I,TH为T的Hermite阵,I为单位阵;
    其中,J(T)根据J:CM×M→R
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100050
    获得,
    J:CM×M→R表示J(T)中的T是M×M的复矩阵CM×M,J(T)取根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100051
    获得的值的实数部分,M是用于获取信道信息的码本的端口号个数,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100052
    为pi的转置,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数,a(θ)为天线形态的导向矢量,θm为离开角范围,a(θ)中的θ∈θm
  61. 根据权利要求58或60所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述天线形态的导向矢量
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100053
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100054
    分别表示第2到Q个阵元的位置矢量,k是波数矢量,k表征了平面波在x方向、y方向、z方向上的相位变化矢量,其中,x方向、y方向、z方向为3个相互垂直方向,k的幅度为波数即
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100055
    对于一个特定方向
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100056
    k为:
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100057
    其中,φ为所述特定方向和xz平面的夹角,
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100058
    为所述特定方向和xy平面的夹角。
  62. 根据权利要求49或61任一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为网络节点。
  63. 一种反馈预编码信息的装置,其特征在于,包括:处理器、存储器、发射机、接收机及总线,其中所述处理器、所述存储器、所述发射机及所述接收机通过所述总线连接进行数据传输,所述存储器用于存储所述处理器处理的数据;
    所述接收机用于接收变换量的信息,其中,所述变换量是根据天线形态的导向矢量和离开角的范围确定的;
    所述处理器用于根据所述接收机接收的所述变换量的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI;
    所述发射机用于向网络节点反馈所述处理器得到的所述PMI。
  64. 根据权利要求63所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵,所述接收器具体用于接收系统信息块,所述系统信息块携带所述变换矩阵的信息。
  65. 根据权利要求64所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    水平变换矩阵指示:用于指示水平方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    水平变换矩阵维度:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    水平变换矩阵非零数:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    水平变换矩阵元素:用于指示水平方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  66. 根据权利要求64或65所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述系统信息块包括:
    垂直变换矩阵指示:用于指示垂直方向上是否有所述变换矩阵;
    垂直变换矩阵维度:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的维度;
    垂直变换矩阵非零数:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的个数;
    垂直变换矩阵元素:用于指示垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵的非零元素的值。
  67. 根据权利要求65所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述水平变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示水平方向 上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示水平方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述水平变换矩阵元素包括水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,水平方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  68. 根据权利要求66所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述垂直变换矩阵指示是1比特信息,当它为第一值时,表示垂直方向上有所述变换矩阵,当它为第二值时,表示垂直方向上没有所述变换矩阵;
    所述垂直变换矩阵元素包括垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的行索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的列索引,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的实部,垂直方向上的所述变换矩阵中非零元素的虚部。
  69. 根据权利要求64至68任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述接收模块通过广播信道或者无线资源控制信令接收所述系统信息块。
  70. 根据权利要求64至68任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换矩阵的非零元素都是幅度为1的复数。
  71. 根据权利要求63至70任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,所述处理器根据变换矩阵T的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI具体包括:
    根据所述导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H;
    根据第一公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100059
    得到使得所述第一公式取值最大的pi,pi的索引值i即为所述PMI,
    其中,TT为T的转置,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的 向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数。
  72. 根据权利要求63至70任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,
    所述变换量为变换矩阵T,所述处理器根据变换矩阵T的信息、用于获取信道信息的码本和导频测量结果得到预编码矩阵索引PMI具体包括:
    根据所述导频测量结果,获得下行信道的信道特性矩阵H,并对H进行奇异值分解获得前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n,其中,j为1到n之间的任一正整数,n为正整数;
    对每一个Vj,根据第二公式
    Figure PCTCN2014088324-appb-100060
    得到使得所述第二公式取值最大的pi,pi的索引值i即为Vj对应的的PMI,前n个特征矢量{Vj}j=1,…n共得到n个PMI,
    其中,T为所述变换矩阵,TT为T的转置,pi∈[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量,[p1,p2,…pN]为用于获取信道信息的码本,i为1到N之间的任一正整数,N为用于获取信道信息的码本中的向量的个数。
  73. 根据权利要求63至72任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为终端。
  74. 一种获取预编码信息的系统,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至14任一项装置以及如权利要求15至25任一项装置,或者包括如权利要求49至62任一项装置以及如权利要求63至73任一项装置。
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