WO2016045580A1 - 电动车充电方法及系统 - Google Patents

电动车充电方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016045580A1
WO2016045580A1 PCT/CN2015/090290 CN2015090290W WO2016045580A1 WO 2016045580 A1 WO2016045580 A1 WO 2016045580A1 CN 2015090290 W CN2015090290 W CN 2015090290W WO 2016045580 A1 WO2016045580 A1 WO 2016045580A1
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Prior art keywords
electric vehicle
transmitter
power
receiver
electric
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PCT/CN2015/090290
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English (en)
French (fr)
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拜山叶尔肯
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拜山叶尔肯
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Publication of WO2016045580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016045580A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/32—Constructional details of charging stations by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric vehicle manufacturing technology, and in particular, to an electric vehicle charging method and system.
  • the traditional electric vehicle charging method is: reminding the user to charge when the battery of the electric vehicle is insufficient, allowing the user to find the charging station of the electric vehicle to charge the battery in the vicinity; or before the user travels, first fill the battery of the electric vehicle first. In order to make the battery of the electric vehicle meet the travel demand, it cannot make the electric vehicle continue to drive.
  • the present invention provides an electric vehicle charging method and system capable of effectively extending the travel time of the electric vehicle, so that the electric energy of the electric vehicle can be replenished in time.
  • the present invention provides an electric vehicle charging system, including:
  • a power receiver located in the electric vehicle
  • a power transmitter located on the road, and a switch connected to the power transmitter
  • the switch of the electric energy transmitter When the electric vehicle is located on a road having the electric energy transmitter, the switch of the electric energy transmitter is turned on, so that the electric energy transmitter sends electric energy to the electric energy receiver to realize charging of the electric vehicle. .
  • the system further comprises:
  • a signal receiver located in the electric vehicle connected to the power receiver
  • the signal receiver receives a user's opening command when the electric vehicle is located on the road and needs to charge the electric vehicle, so that the electric energy receiver in the electric vehicle receives the electric energy emission The power sent by the device.
  • the system further comprises:
  • a dynamic detector located on the road and connected to a switch of the power transmitter
  • the dynamic detector determines, according to the displacement and speed of the electric vehicle on the road, a power transmitter that is charged by the electric vehicle, after determining the power transmitter, and before the electric vehicle arrives at the When the power transmitter is in use, the switch of the power transmitter is turned on.
  • the system further comprises:
  • An ultrasonic receiver located on the road and connected to a switch of the power transmitter;
  • the ultrasonic receiver receives an ultrasonic signal transmitted by an ultrasonic transmitter on the electric vehicle on the road, and determines a distance of the electric energy transmitter from the electric vehicle according to the ultrasonic signal, according to the distance Determining whether to conduct the power transmitter closest to the electric vehicle.
  • the system further comprises:
  • An efficiency detector located on the electric vehicle and coupled to the power receiver, and a dynamic transmitter located on the electric vehicle connected to the efficiency detector;
  • a signal transmitter located on the highway and connected to the power detector
  • the power detector detects power information transmitted by the power transmitter, and the signal transmitter sends the power information to the efficiency detector;
  • the efficiency detector acquires power information received by the power receiver
  • the efficiency detector compares the power information received by the power receiver with the power information sent by the signal transmitter to obtain a comparison result
  • the dynamic transmitter transmits the comparison result to the dynamic detector, and the dynamic detector adjusts a switch on time of the power transmitter for charging an electric vehicle according to the comparison result.
  • the power transmitter comprises: a magnetic field source, the power receiver comprising: a magnetic coil;
  • the power transmitter includes a radio transmitter, the power receiver including: a radio receiver.
  • the present invention provides an electric vehicle charging method, including:
  • the switch of the electric energy transmitter When the electric vehicle travels on the road with the electric energy transmitter, the switch of the electric energy transmitter is turned on, and the electric energy is sent to the electric vehicle of the electric vehicle;
  • the method further includes:
  • the signal receiver receives a user's opening command to cause the power receiver in the electric vehicle Receiving electrical energy transmitted by the electrical energy transmitter;
  • the signal receiver is located within the electric vehicle and is coupled to a power receiver within the electric vehicle.
  • the method further includes:
  • the dynamic detector determines a power transmitter for charging the electric vehicle according to the displacement and speed of the electric vehicle on the road, after determining the power transmitter, and pre-arriving the power transmission at the electric vehicle When the device is turned on, the switch of the power transmitter is turned on;
  • the dynamic detector is located on the road and is connected to a switch of the power transmitter.
  • the method further includes:
  • the ultrasonic receiver receives an ultrasonic signal transmitted by an ultrasonic transmitter on the electric vehicle on the road, and determines a distance between the electric energy transmitter and the electric vehicle according to the ultrasonic signal, and determines whether the distance is based on the distance Turning on the power transmitter closest to the electric vehicle;
  • the ultrasonic receiver is located on the highway and is connected to a switch of the electrical energy transmitter.
  • the electric vehicle charging method and system provided by the present invention include a power receiver located in the electric vehicle, a power transmitter located on the road, and a switch connected to the power transmitter;
  • the switch of the electric energy transmitter is turned on, so that the electric energy transmitter sends electric energy to the electric energy receiver to realize charging of the electric vehicle.
  • the running time of the electric vehicle can be effectively extended, so that the electric energy of the electric vehicle can be replenished in time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for charging an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the electric vehicle charging system of this embodiment is as follows.
  • the electric vehicle charging system includes a power receiver 11 and a power transmitter 12.
  • a power receiver 11 located within the electric vehicle, a power transmitter 12 located on the road, and a switch coupled to the power transmitter.
  • the switch of the power transmitter 12 is turned on to cause the power transmitter 12 to transmit power to the power receiver 11 to achieve the Charging of electric vehicles.
  • the power transmitter transmits power to the power receiver of the electric vehicle.
  • the power transmitter on the road continuously transmits power to charge the electric vehicle on the road with the power transmitter.
  • the electric vehicle in the present embodiment, it is not limited to the electric vehicle during the running, and the electric vehicle can be charged when the electric vehicle is on the rechargeable road section and the electric vehicle is waiting for the red light.
  • the electric vehicle can be charged by the system when needed to meet the endurance time of the electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the electric vehicle charging system of the present embodiment is as follows.
  • the electric vehicle charging system includes a power receiver 11 within the electric vehicle, an efficiency detector 21 and a dynamic transmitter 22, a power transmitter 12 and a dynamic detector 23 located on the road.
  • the electric vehicle charging system includes a power receiver 11 and a power transmitter 12.
  • a power receiver 11 located within the electric vehicle, a power transmitter 12 located on the road, and a switch coupled to the power transmitter.
  • the switch of the power transmitter 12 is turned on to cause the power transmitter 12 to transmit power to the power receiver 11 to achieve the Charging of electric vehicles.
  • the signal receiver receives a user's opening command when the electric vehicle is located on the road and needs to charge the electric vehicle, so that the electric energy receiver 11 in the electric vehicle receives the electric energy The electrical energy transmitted by the transmitter 12.
  • a dynamic detector 23 located on the road and connected to the switch of the power transmitter 12.
  • the motion detector 23 determines the power transmitter 12 that is charged by the electric vehicle according to the displacement and speed of the electric vehicle on the road, after determining the power transmitter 12, and in the electric vehicle When the power transmitter 12 is pre-arrived, the switch of the power transmitter 12 is turned on.
  • the conduction of the switch of the power transmitter 12 includes the time of activation of the power transmitter 12, the speed of activation. Controlling the switching of the power transmitter 12 by the dynamic detector 23 can effectively improve the efficiency of charging and reduce the loss of transmission of electrical energy.
  • An ultrasonic receiver located on the road and connected to a switch of the power transmitter 12;
  • the ultrasonic receiver receives an ultrasonic signal transmitted by an ultrasonic transmitter on the electric vehicle on the road, and determines a distance between the electric energy transmitter 12 and the electric vehicle according to the ultrasonic signal, according to the The distance determines whether the power transmitter 12 closest to the electric vehicle is turned on.
  • an ultrasonic receiver receives an ultrasonic signal emitted by an ultrasonic transmitter on an electric vehicle to determine a distance between the electric vehicle and the power transmitter, and determines a power transmitter closest to the electric vehicle according to the distance. Turn on.
  • An efficiency detector 21 located on the electric vehicle and connected to the power receiver 11 and a dynamic transmitter 22 connected to the efficiency detector 21 on the electric vehicle.
  • a signal transmitter located on the highway and connected to the power detector
  • the power detector detects the power information transmitted by the power transmitter 12, and the signal transmitter sends the power information to the efficiency detector;
  • the efficiency detector 21 acquires the power information received by the power receiver 11;
  • the efficiency detector 21 compares the power information received by the power receiver 11 with the power information sent by the signal transmitter to obtain a comparison result
  • the dynamic transmitter 22 transmits the comparison result to the motion detector 23, which adjusts the switch on time of the power transmitter 12 for charging the electric vehicle based on the comparison result.
  • the power transmitter 12 transmits power information while transmitting power, where the power information can be understood as information that the transmitted magnetic field is ideally converted into electrical energy, and the power information received by the power receiver 11 is information that the magnetic field can actually be converted into electrical energy.
  • the efficiency detector 21 compares the power information received by the power receiver 11 with the power information sent by the power transmitter 12 to obtain a comparison result, and sends the obtained comparison result to the dynamic detection through the dynamic transmitter 22.
  • the device 23 adjusts the conduction time of the power transmitter 12. This is to charge the electric vehicle by the principle of electromagnetic induction.
  • the power transmitter 12 simultaneously transmits power information, where the power information can be understood as the transmitted power information, and the power information received by the power receiver 11 is the actually received power information.
  • the efficiency detector 21 compares the power information received by the power receiver 11 with the power information sent by the power transmitter 12 to obtain a comparison result, and sends the obtained comparison result to the dynamic detection through the dynamic transmitter 22.
  • the device 23 adjusts the conduction time of the power transmitter 12. This is the use of wireless charging principle to charge electric vehicles.
  • the power transmitter transmits the dynamic information transmitted by the dynamic detector, that is, the displacement and speed of the electric vehicle, and then starts correspondingly every 0.06 seconds. The location of the power transmitter to charge the passing electric vehicle.
  • the power transmitter 12 includes a magnetic field source, and the power receiver 11 includes a magnetic coil.
  • the principle of mobile charging is that the power transmitter generates a magnetic field medium, that is, a magnetic field source, which can make the magnet or electromagnetic, and at the same time, a magnetic coil is installed at the bottom of the electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle passes through the rechargeable road section.
  • the electric vehicle cuts the magnetic induction line to generate electric energy and charge the electric vehicle.
  • the electric vehicle is cutting the magnetic induction line, when the electric vehicle is just above the vertical direction of the power transmitter, the conversion efficiency is maximized while the loss is minimized.
  • the power transmitter 12 includes a radio transmitter, and the power receiver 11 includes a radio receiver.
  • the power transmitter is a radio transmitter on the rechargeable road section and a radio receiver is provided at the bottom of the electric vehicle to charge the electric vehicle.
  • the embodiment is not limited to the electric vehicle while driving, and the electric vehicle can be charged when the electric vehicle is in the red light waiting area on the road.
  • the driving time of the electric vehicle is effectively extended, so that the electric energy of the electric vehicle can be replenished in time.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for charging an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the electric vehicle charging method of the embodiment is as follows.
  • the electric energy receiver of the electric vehicle After receiving the electrical energy transmitted by the electrical energy transmitter, the electric energy receiver of the electric vehicle realizes charging of the electric vehicle.
  • the electric energy receiver receives electric energy transmitted by the electric energy transmitter to charge the electric vehicle.
  • step 301 Also included in step 301 is a step sub-step 301A not shown in FIG. 3:
  • the signal receiver receives an opening instruction of the user, so that the power receiver in the electric vehicle receives the power transmitted by the power transmitter.
  • the signal receiver is located within the electric vehicle and is coupled to a power receiver within the electric vehicle.
  • Steps 301B and 301C, not shown in FIG. 3, are also included before step 301:
  • the dynamic detector determines, according to the displacement and speed of the electric vehicle on the road, a power transmitter that is charged by the electric vehicle, after determining the power transmitter, and before the electric vehicle arrives at the When the power transmitter is powered, the switch of the power transmitter is turned on.
  • the dynamic detector is located on the road and is connected to a switch of the power transmitter.
  • the ultrasonic receiver receives an ultrasonic signal transmitted by an ultrasonic transmitter on the electric vehicle on the road, and determines a distance between the electric energy transmitter and the electric vehicle according to the ultrasonic signal, according to the distance. Determining whether to conduct the power transmitter closest to the electric vehicle;
  • the ultrasonic receiver is located on the highway and is connected to a switch of the electrical energy transmitter.
  • step 302 Also included in step 302 is a step sub-step 302A not shown in FIG. 3:
  • an efficiency detector located on the electric vehicle and coupled to the power receiver, and a dynamic transmitter located on the electric vehicle connected to the efficiency detector;
  • a signal transmitter located on the highway and connected to the power detector
  • the power detector detects power information transmitted by the power transmitter, and the signal transmitter sends the power information to the efficiency detector;
  • the efficiency detector acquires power information received by the power receiver
  • the efficiency detector compares the power information received by the power receiver with the power information sent by the signal transmitter to obtain a comparison result
  • the dynamic transmitter transmits the comparison result to the dynamic detector, and the dynamic detector adjusts a switch on time of the power transmitter for charging an electric vehicle according to the comparison result.
  • the power transmitter includes a magnetic field source
  • the power receiver includes: a magnetic coil.
  • the power transmitter includes a radio transmitter, the power receiver including: a radio receiver.
  • the driving time of the electric vehicle can be effectively extended, so that the electric energy of the electric vehicle can be replenished in time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种电动车充电方法及系统，其中，系统包括：位于电动车内的电能接收器；位于公路上的电能发射器，以及与所述电能发射器连接的开关；在所述电动车位于具有所述电能发射器的公路时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，以使所述电能发射器向所述电能接收器发送电能，实现对所述电动车的充电。通过本发明提供的一种电动车充电系统能够有效延长电动车的行驶时间，使得电动车的电能能够及时的补充。

Description

电动车充电方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及电动车制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动车充电方法及系统。
背景技术
随着新能源技术的进步，电动车在社会中变得越来越普及，同时使得与电动车相关的技术在不断的发展。电动车的普及，使得电动车成为我们生活和工作中的最佳的环保交通工具。
传统的电动车充电方法为：在电动车的电池电量不足时提醒用户充电，让用户及时的查找附近的充电站对电动车的电池充电；或者是在用户出行前，首先将电动车的电池充满，以使的电动车的电池能够满足出行的需求，但不能够使得电动车持续的行驶。
因此，电动车在行驶过程中，电池的续航时间，充电站的不普及，充电技术的缺点，大大限制了电动车行业的发展。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明提供一种电动车充电方法及系统能够有效延长电动车的行驶时间，使得电动车的电能能够及时的补充。
第一方面，本发明提供一种电动车充电系统，包括：
位于电动车内的电能接收器；
位于公路上的电能发射器，以及与所述电能发射器连接的开关；
在所述电动车位于具有所述电能发射器的公路时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，以使所述电能发射器向所述电能接收器发送电能，实现对所述电动车的充电。
优选地，所述系统还包括：
与所述电能接收器连接的位于所述电动车内的信号接收器；
在所述电动车位于所述公路上，且需要对所述电动车充电时，所述信号接收器接收用户的开启指令，以使所述电动车内的所述电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能。
优选地，所述系统还包括：
位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接的动态检测器；
所述动态检测器根据所述公路上的所述电动车的位移、速度确定为该所述电动车充电的电能发射器，在确定所述电能发射器之后，且在所述电动车预到达该所述电能发射器时，所述电能发射器的开关导通。
优选地，所述系统还包括：
位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接的超声波接收器；
所述超声波接收器接收位于所述公路上的所述电动车上的超声波发射器发送的超声信号，并根据所述超声信号确定所述电能发射器与所述电动车的距离，根据所述距离确定是否导通与所述电动车最近的所述电能发射器。
优选地，所述系统还包括：
位于所述电动车上且与所述电能接收器连接的效率检测器，和位于所述电动车上与所述效率检测器连接的动态发射器；
位于所述公路上的电能检测器且与所述电能检测器连接的信号发射器；
所述电能检测器检测所述电能发射器发射的电能信息，所述信号发射器发送所述电能信息给所述效率检测器；
所述效率检测器获取所述电能接收器接收到的电能信息；
所述效率检测器将所述电能接收器接收到的电能信息与所述信号发射器发送的电能信息进行比较，获得比较结果；
所述动态发射器将所述比较结果发送给所述动态检测器，所述动态检测器根据所述比较结果调整所述用于为电动车充电的电能发射器的开关导通时间。
优选地，所述电能发射器包括：磁场源，所述电能接收器包括：磁线圈；
或者，
所述电能发射器包括：无线电发射器，所述电能接收器包括：无线电接收器。
第二方面，本发明提供一种电动车充电方法，包括：
在电动车行驶到具有电能发射器的公路上时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，向所述电动车的电能接收器发送电能；
所述电动车的电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能之后，实现对所述电动车的充电。
优选地，所述方法还包括：
信号接收器接收用户的开启指令，以使所述电动车内的所述电能接收器 接收所述电能发射器发送的电能；
所述信号接收器位于电动车内，且与所述电动车内的电能接收器连接。
优选地，所述方法还包括：
动态检测器根据公路上的所述电动车的位移、速度确定为该所述电动车充电的电能发射器，在确定所述电能发射器之后，且在所述电动车预到达该所述电能发射器时，所述电能发射器的开关导通；
所述动态检测器位于公路上，且与所述电能发射器的开关相连接。
优选地，所述方法还包括：
超声波接收器接收位于所述公路上的所述电动车上的超声波发射器发送的超声信号，并根据所述超声信号确定所述电能发射器与所述电动车的距离，根据所述距离确定是否导通与所述电动车最近的所述电能发射器；
所述超声波接收器位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接。
由上述技术方案可知，通过本发明提供的电动车充电方法及系统，其系统包括，位于电动车内的电能接收器；位于公路上的电能发射器，以及与所述电能发射器连接的开关；在所述电动车位于具有所述电能发射器的公路时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，以使所述电能发射器向所述电能接收器发送电能，实现对所述电动车的充电。由此，能够有效延长电动车的行驶时间，使得电动车的电能能够及时的补充。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种电动车充电系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种电动车充电系统的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种电动车充电方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所 获得的所有其他的实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种电动车充电系统的结构示意图，如图1所示，本实施例的电动车充电系统如下所述。
电动车充电系统包括：电能接收器11，电能发射器12。
位于电动车内的电能接收器11，位于公路上的电能发射器12，以及与所述电能发射器连接的开关。
在所述电动车位于具有所述电能发射器12的公路时，所述电能发射器12的开关导通，以使所述电能发射器12向所述电能接收器11发送电能，实现对所述电动车的充电。
具体来说，在电动车行驶到具有电能发射器的公路上时，电能发射器则对电动车的电能接收器进行发送电能。
公路上的电能发射器会持续的发送电能，使得经过所述具有电能发射器的公路上的电动车进行充电。
在本实施例中，不限于电动车在行驶过程中，当电动车在可充电路段上，电动车处于等候红灯时也可以对电动车进行充电。
在本实施例中，通过本系统可以使得电动车在需要的时候对其进行充电，满足电动车的续航时间。
图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种电动车充电系统的结构示意图如图2所示，本实施例的电动车充电系统如下所述。
所述电动车充电系统包括电动车的内的电能接收器11、效率检测器21和动态发射器22，位于公路上的电能发射器12和动态检测器23。
电动车充电系统包括：电能接收器11，电能发射器12。
位于电动车内的电能接收器11，位于公路上的电能发射器12，以及与所述电能发射器连接的开关。
在所述电动车位于具有所述电能发射器12的公路时，所述电能发射器12的开关导通，以使所述电能发射器12向所述电能接收器11发送电能，实现对所述电动车的充电。
与所述电能接收器11连接的位于所述电动车内的信号接收器。
在所述电动车位于所述公路上，且需要对所述电动车充电时，所述信号接收器接收用户的开启指令，以使所述电动车内的所述电能接收器11接收所述电能发射器12发送的电能。位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器12的开关连接的动态检测器23。
所述动态检测器23根据所述公路上的所述电动车的位移、速度确定为该所述电动车充电的电能发射器12，在确定所述电能发射器12之后，且在所述电动车预到达该所述电能发射器12时，所述电能发射器12的开关导通。
举例来说，电能发射器12的开关的导通包括电能发射器12的激活的时间，激活的速度。通过动态检测器23来控制电能发射器12的开关导通，可以有效的使得充电的效率提高，减低电能的传输的损耗。
位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器12的开关连接的超声波接收器；
所述超声波接收器接收位于所述公路上的所述电动车上的超声波发射器发送的超声信号，并根据所述超声信号确定所述电能发射器12与所述电动车的距离，根据所述距离确定是否导通与所述电动车最近的所述电能发射器12。
举例来说，通过超声波接收器，接收电动车上的超声波发射器发射的超声信号，以此来确定电动车与电能发射器之间的距离，同时根据距离来确定与电动车最近的电能发射器导通。
位于所述电动车上且与所述电能接收器11连接的效率检测器21，和位于所述电动车上与所述效率检测器21连接的动态发射器22。
位于所述公路上的电能检测器且与所述电能检测器连接的信号发射器；
所述电能检测器检测所述电能发射器12发射的电能信息，所述信号发射器发送所述电能信息给所述效率检测器；
所述效率检测器21获取所述电能接收器接11收到的电能信息；
所述效率检测器21将所述电能接收器11接收到的电能信息与所述信号发射器发送的电能信息进行比较，获得比较结果；
所述动态发射器22将所述比较结果发送给动态检测器23，所述动态检测器23根据所述比较结果调整所述用于为电动车充电的电能发射器12的开关导通时间。
举例来说，电能发射器12发送电能的同时发送电能信息，这里的电能信息可以理解为发送的磁场理想转化为电能的信息，电能接收器11接收的电能信息为磁场能实际转化为电能的信息。效率检测器21将这电能接收器11接收到的电能信息与电能发射器12发送的电能信息进行比较，获得比较的结果，将获得的比较结果，通过动态发射器22将比较结果发送给动态检测器23，从而调整电能发射器12的导通时间。这个是通过电磁感应原理对电动车进行充电。
可以理解的是，电能发射器12同时发射电能信息，这里的电能信息可以理解为发射的电能信息，电能接收器11接收的电能信息为实际接收到的电能信息。效率检测器21将这电能接收器11接收到的电能信息与电能发射器12发送的电能信息进行比较，获得比较的结果，将获得的比较结果，通过动态发射器22将比较结果发送给动态检测器23，从而调整电能发射器12的导通时间。这个是运用无线充电原理来对电动车进行充电。
举例来说，假设在可充电路段上设有60000个电能发射器，每个电能发射器之间的间距是1米，则总长为60km。当一个以60km/h(千米每小时)行驶的电动车，当电动车进入充电状态后，其在可充电路段上，它每秒前进16.67米，也就是说每0.06秒前进1米。为了最大限度的节省传输过程中的电能和最大限度的提高电能传递，电能发射器根据动态检测器传递过来的动态信息，也就是电动车的位移和速度，则以每0.06秒的速度依次启动相应位置的电能发射器，给经过的电动车进行充电。
所述电能发射器12包括：磁场源，所述电能接收器11包括：磁线圈。
应理解的是，移动充电原理是电能发射器产生磁场介质，也即是磁场源，可以使磁铁，也可以是电磁，同时在电动车的底部装有磁线圈，使得电动车通过可充电路段时，电动车做切割磁感应线，从而产生电能，给电动车充电。在电动车做切割磁感应线的时候，当电动车正好在电能发射器的垂直上方的时候，转化的效率达到最高，同时使得损耗达到最小。
所述电能发射器12包括：无线电发射器，所述电能接收器11包括：无线电接收器。
移动充电的另一原理为，在可充电路段上电能发射器为无线电发射器，而在电动车的底部设有无线电接收器，从而为电动车充电。
应该说明的是，本实施例不限于电动车在行驶中，当电动车处于公路上的红灯等候区，也可以对电动车进行充电。
通过本实施例提供的电动车充电系统，有效延长电动车的行驶时间，使得电动车的电能能够及时的补充。
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种电动车充电方法的流程示意图，如图3所示，本实施例的电动车充电方法如下所述。
301、在电动车行驶到具有电能发射器的公路上时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，向所述电动车的电能接收器发送电能。
302、所述电动车的电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能之后，实现对所述电动车的充电。
举例来说，当电动车行驶在具有电能发射器的公路上，电能接收器接收电能发射器发送的电能，对电动车进行充电。
在步骤301之前还包括在图3中未示出的步骤子步骤301A：
301A、信号接收器接收用户的开启指令，以使所述电动车内的所述电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能。
所述信号接收器位于电动车内，且与所述电动车内的电能接收器连接。
在步骤301之前还包括在图3中未示出的步骤子步骤301B和301C：
301B、动态检测器根据公路上的所述电动车的位移、速度确定为该所述电动车充电的电能发射器，在确定所述电能发射器之后，且在所述电动车预到达该所述电能发射器时，所述电能发射器的开关导通。
所述动态检测器位于公路上，且与所述电能发射器的开关相连接。
301C、超声波接收器接收位于所述公路上的所述电动车上的超声波发射器发送的超声信号，并根据所述超声信号确定所述电能发射器与所述电动车的距离，根据所述距离确定是否导通与所述电动车最近的所述电能发射器；
所述超声波接收器位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接。
在步骤302之后还包括在图3中未示出的步骤子步骤302A：
302A、位于所述电动车上且与所述电能接收器连接的效率检测器，和位于所述电动车上与所述效率检测器连接的动态发射器；
位于所述公路上的电能检测器且与所述电能检测器连接的信号发射器；
所述电能检测器检测所述电能发射器发射的电能信息，所述信号发射器发送所述电能信息给所述效率检测器；
所述效率检测器获取所述电能接收器接收到的电能信息；
所述效率检测器将所述电能接收器接收到的电能信息与所述信号发射器发送的电能信息进行比较，获得比较结果；
所述动态发射器将所述比较结果发送给所述动态检测器，所述动态检测器根据所述比较结果调整所述用于为电动车充电的电能发射器的开关导通时间。
在上述的实施例的步骤中：
所述电能发射器包括：磁场源，所述电能接收器包括：磁线圈。
在上述的实施例的步骤中：
所述电能发射器包括：无线电发射器，所述电能接收器包括：无线电接收器。
通过本实施例提供的电动车充电方法，可以有效延长电动车的行驶时间，使得电动车的电能能够及时的补充。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但是，本发明的保护范围不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替代，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电动车充电系统，其特征在于，包括：
    位于电动车内的电能接收器；
    位于公路上的电能发射器，以及与所述电能发射器连接的开关；
    在所述电动车位于具有所述电能发射器的公路时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，以使所述电能发射器向所述电能接收器发送电能，实现对所述电动车的充电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动车充电系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    与所述电能接收器连接的位于所述电动车内的信号接收器；
    在所述电动车位于所述公路上，且需要对所述电动车充电时，所述信号接收器接收用户的开启指令，以使所述电动车内的所述电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动车充电系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接的动态检测器；
    所述动态检测器根据所述公路上的所述电动车的位移、速度确定为该所述电动车充电的电能发射器，在确定所述电能发射器之后，且在所述电动车预到达该所述电能发射器时，所述电能发射器的开关导通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动车充电系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接的超声波接收器；
    所述超声波接收器接收位于所述公路上的所述电动车上的超声波发射器发送的超声信号，并根据所述超声信号确定所述电能发射器与所述电动车的距离，根据所述距离确定是否导通与所述电动车最近的所述电能发射器。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电动车充电系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    位于所述电动车上且与所述电能接收器连接的效率检测器，和位于所述电动车上与所述效率检测器连接的动态发射器；
    位于所述公路上的电能检测器且与所述电能检测器连接的信号发射器；
    所述电能检测器检测所述电能发射器发射的电能信息，所述信号发射器发送所述电能信息给所述效率检测器；
    所述效率检测器获取所述电能接收器接收到的电能信息；
    所述效率检测器将所述电能接收器接收到的电能信息与所述信号发射器发送的电能信息进行比较，获得比较结果；
    所述动态发射器将所述比较结果发送给所述动态检测器，所述动态检测器根据所述比较结果调整所述用于为电动车充电的电能发射器的开关导通时间。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一所述的电动车充电系统，其特征在于，
    所述电能发射器包括：磁场源，所述电能接收器包括：磁线圈；
    或者，
    所述电能发射器包括：无线电发射器，所述电能接收器包括：无线电接收器。
  7. 一种电动车充电方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在电动车行驶到具有电能发射器的公路上时，所述电能发射器的开关导通，向所述电动车的电能接收器发送电能；
    所述电动车的电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能之后，实现对所述电动车的充电。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电动车充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    信号接收器接收用户的开启指令，以使所述电动车内的所述电能接收器接收所述电能发射器发送的电能；
    所述信号接收器位于电动车内，且与所述电动车内的电能接收器连接。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电动车充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    动态检测器根据公路上的所述电动车的位移、速度确定为该所述电动车充电的电能发射器，在确定所述电能发射器之后，且在所述电动车预到达该所述电能发射器时，所述电能发射器的开关导通；
    所述动态检测器位于公路上，且与所述电能发射器的开关相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的电动车充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    超声波接收器接收位于所述公路上的所述电动车上的超声波发射器发送的超声信号，并根据所述超声信号确定所述电能发射器与所述电动车的距离，根据所述距离确定是否导通与所述电动车最近的所述电能发射器；
    所述超声波接收器位于所述公路上且与所述电能发射器的开关连接。
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