WO2016042189A1 - Système de lubrification industrielle distribuée par brouillard d'huile - Google Patents

Système de lubrification industrielle distribuée par brouillard d'huile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016042189A1
WO2016042189A1 PCT/ES2015/070668 ES2015070668W WO2016042189A1 WO 2016042189 A1 WO2016042189 A1 WO 2016042189A1 ES 2015070668 W ES2015070668 W ES 2015070668W WO 2016042189 A1 WO2016042189 A1 WO 2016042189A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
oil mist
mist
lubrication system
pressurized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2015/070668
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Ricardo ALMENARA ROMÁN
José Mene Roche
Salvador Izquierdo Estallo
María GARCÍA CAMPRUBÍ
Ignacio Ainsa Claver
Carlos PERIBÁÑEZ SUBIRÓN
David DÍEZ DÍEZ
Original Assignee
Grupo Técnico Rivi,S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grupo Técnico Rivi,S.L. filed Critical Grupo Técnico Rivi,S.L.
Publication of WO2016042189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016042189A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/30—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the oil being fed or carried along by another fluid
    • F16N7/32—Mist lubrication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/30—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the oil being fed or carried along by another fluid
    • F16N7/32—Mist lubrication
    • F16N7/34—Atomising devices for oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/38—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems
    • F16N7/385—Central lubrication systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/38—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems
    • F16N7/40—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems in a closed circulation system

Definitions

  • Industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist This specification refers, as its title indicates, to an industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist, of high energy efficiency, comprising a console equipped with one or more fogging heads of microinjection oil, pressurized oil supply means, the oil itself, compressed air supply means, pneumatic ducts of the oil mist, various condensation and application devices on the demand point, collection collectors and some return ducts to the console, each micro-injection oil mist head comprising a pressurized oil chamber and a pressurized air chamber communicated with each other by one or several discharge holes, and having the pressurized air chamber with one or more holes output in position coinciding with the above holes of discharge.
  • the field of the present invention is that of systems and equipment intended for distributed lubrication for the industry in general, and especially for heavy industry, such as steel industry (furnaces, rolling mills, continuous casting, aluminum rolling) , processing of petroleum and its derivatives, mining, hydroelectric plants (turbines and gates) or heavy machinery (cranes, porches, mobile transport, etc).
  • Lubrication is conventionally applied by direct deposition, which can be, for example, by injection or spray. These systems present problems of overheating due to excess lubrication, the frequent presence of leaks, causing serious environmental damage, and high installation and maintenance costs.
  • Current oil mist lubrication systems arose from the need to achieve adequate lubrication for bearings and bearings that work at high speed.
  • pneumatic transport systems of small quantities of suspended oil known as oil mist
  • oil mist are known and are currently used, this being the fraction of the spray, with drops smaller than 5 micrometers.
  • the process of generating the oil mist is known as fogging.
  • the oil mist for pneumatic transport can be carried out by means of two types of heads, those that make use of the Venturi effect and those that employ the Vortex effect.
  • the disadvantages of these heads are the consumption of large amounts of compressed air (with the consequent energy consumption) and the dragging of too large oil particles, causing the oil to condense in the transport pipes, causing losses and requiring a frequent maintenance
  • These systems have the limitation that they can only use low / medium viscosity oils to produce fog, restricting the number of possible applications, since for a large number of applications, lubrication with high viscosity oils is required or advisable.
  • microinjection includes those injection systems in which the physical processes that allow the correct mixing or generation of the fluid spray only take place if their characteristic dimensions are in the environment of micrometers or millimeters.
  • high energy efficiency microinjection techniques in the fogging process that generate flow blurring or flow focusing flow patterns are known.
  • this high energy efficiency microinjection line a new flow pattern has been identified, on which the presented invention is based, which we call oil misting.
  • the Reynolds number of the flows must be at least 20 and preferably greater than 100.
  • the Reynolds number is a dimensionless number that relates the density, viscosity, velocity and dimension typical of a flow. With the highly viscous oils used in the invention, the oil misting flow pattern appears with a Reynolds number of less than 20.
  • an example of a flow focusing microinjection technique is described in US61 16516A - " Stabilized capillary microjet and devices and methods for producing same "(2000). In it, and unlike the invention presented with oil misting, a recirculation cell (“reflux cell”) that invades the entrance of the fluid to be nebulized is not formed.
  • the derivative formulation in flow focusing microinjection techniques, implies the use of a non-viscous flow, since they indicate a Ohnesorge number much lower than 1 (Oh «1).
  • the Ohnesorge Number (Oh) is a dimensionless number that relates viscous forces and surface tension forces.
  • the Ohnesorge number may exceed the unit (Oh> 1).
  • the industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist object of the present invention has been devised, achieving a high flow rate of fog with a low air volume consumption, which can be 75%, or higher, compared to conventional systems based on Venturi or Vortex effect, in addition to the consequent energy savings that reduce air consumption, reducing operating costs and the environmental impact.
  • the reduction of the air volume is a consequence of an optimal fog generation, seeking the balance between the minimum air consumption, which allows maximum energy efficiency, and the generation of high fog flows, operating with an oil misting flow pattern.
  • the industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist comprises a console, oil supply means, the oil itself, compressed air supply means, one or more pneumatic ducts of the oil mist, by means of an air flow, a plurality of condensation and application devices on the demand point, collection collectors and one or more return ducts to the console, said console comprising one or more oil mist heads, with drops of diameter less than 5 micrometers, susceptible if transported by an air flow, oil and air co-injecting the fogging head or heads, which comprise at least
  • the pressurized oil supply means and the compressed air supply means can be any of the known and commonly used types, both in the form of pressurized tanks and by electric or pneumatic pumps.
  • the industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist allows the mist of high viscosity oils, also optimizes oil consumption, minimizing the amount of recirculation of the same, highlighting the tightness of the system.
  • the industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist generates pressurized air without the need of impulse pumps, which reduces the maintenance and breakdowns of the installation, with the consequent economic savings.
  • the opening of the discharge orifices and the exit holes of the micro-injection oil mist head, and the separation between them, are between 0.01 and 5 millimeters. In an alternative embodiment, the opening of the discharge orifices and the exit holes of the micro-injection oil mist head, and the separation between them, are comprised between 0.1 and 1 millimeters.
  • the oils used have a viscosity between 5 and 5000 mm 2 / s. at the operating temperature, and a surface tension between 0.001 and 1 N / m under standard conditions.
  • oils used have a viscosity between 20 and 500 mm 2 / s.
  • the operating temperature will preferably be between 20 e C and 50 e C.
  • the mass flow of air used in the pneumatic lines of the oil mist is between 1 and 500 times the mass flow of oil in the mist.
  • the mass flow of air used in the pneumatic lines of the oil mist is between 24 and 300 times the mass flow of oil in the mist.
  • the diameter of the pneumatic lines of the oil mist is such that the transport speed divided by the square root of the product of gravity by the diameter of the pneumatic transport line results in a dimensionless number of Froude (Fr) greater than 0.5 .
  • the industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist also has means of regulation and control of its working temperature regardless of the ambient temperature, so that it can be predicted and perfectly controlled the behavior of air and oil flows regardless of the ambient temperature.
  • These means for regulating and controlling their working temperature regardless of the ambient temperature can be installed in the pressurized oil chamber, in the pressurized air chamber of each micro-injection oil mist head, in the whole of the mist head oil by microinjection, in the console, in the pressurized oil supply means or in the compressed air supply means.
  • the experimental tests have been complemented with numerical simulation tests, in which the domain under study has been restricted to the fogging head.
  • the numerical simulations allow to study the flow pattern of both fluids within the fogging head and define the operating conditions in which the flow of interest pattern appears, and what we call oil misting.
  • Oil misting unlike flow focusing and flow blurring, is a concrete flow pattern that allows oil mist to be generated with the desired oil and air ratios, i.e. Mass air to fog ratio between 24 and 300.
  • phase of oil mist generation with oil droplets with a diameter of less than 5 micrometers, carried out in one or more micro-injection oil nebulization heads through at least one pressurized oil chamber and a pressurized pressurized air chamber each other by one or several discharge holes, so that the oil flow through the discharge holes is such that the product of its speed, at the exit of the pressurized oil chamber, by its density and by the opening, divided, between the viscosity of the oil, results in a dimensionless Reynolds number (Re) of less than 20, with the pressurized air chamber having one or more outlet openings, in a position coinciding with the above-mentioned discharge holes, - a pneumatic distribution phase of the oil mist to the demand points,
  • Re dimensionless Reynolds number
  • This industrial lubrication system distributed by oil mist presented provides multiple advantages over the systems currently available being the most important that achieves a significant reduction in the volume of air required that can be 75%, or higher, compared to Conventional systems based on Venturi or Vortex effect.
  • This reduction is a consequence of an optimal fog generation, seeking the balance between the minimum air consumption, which allows maximum energy efficiency, and the generation of high fog flows.
  • This is achieved by co-injection of air and oil operating with an oil misting flow pattern.
  • the energy saving derived from the reduction of air consumption, means a decrease in the operating cost and decreases the impact on the environment.
  • this invention allows the nebulization of oils of high viscosity.
  • Another advantage to highlight is the use of a pressurized air delivery system without the need for drive pumps, where appropriate, a frequent source of problems, which results in a need for less maintenance and reduction of the installation's faults, with the consequent economic savings.
  • Another important aspect is the existence of fogging process control systems, to operate safely, and the lubrication installation, to guarantee the arrival of fog.
  • the existence of means of regulation and control of its working temperature is also remarkable, so that the behavior of air and oil flows can be predicted and controlled independently of the ambient temperature.
  • this lubrication system is the only one that is fully adaptable to high fog flows and high oil viscosities, so it is possible to combine it with the devices currently on the market.
  • Figure 2 shows a simplified scheme of the microinjection head for nebulization.
  • Figure 3 shows the oil misting flow pattern
  • Figure 4 shows a graph of the characteristic curve of the installation.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 shows a console (1) equipped with one or more oil mist heads (2) by microinjection, co-injecting oil (13) and air (14), capable of generating an oil mist (15) with drops of diameter less than 5 micrometers, capable of being transported by an air flow, means of supply (3) of pressurized oil (13), the oil itself (13), means of supply (4) of air (14) compressed, one or more pneumatic ducts (5) of the oil mist (15) by means of an air flow, a plurality of condensation devices (6) on the demand point, collection collectors (8) and one or several return ducts (7) to the console (1).
  • the means of supply (3) of pressurized oil (13) and the means of supply (4) of compressed air (14) can be any of the types known and commonly used, both in the form of pressurized tanks and by electric or pneumatic pumps .
  • Each oil nebulization head (2) by microinjection in turn comprises at least one pressurized oil chamber (9) and a pressurized air chamber (10), communicated with each other by one or more discharge holes (1 1), so that the flow of oil, which passes through the discharge holes (1 1) is such that the product of its speed, at the exit of the pressurized oil chamber (9), by its density and by the opening, divided, between the viscosity of the oil (13), results in a dimensionless number of Reynolds (Re) less than 20.
  • the pressurized air chamber (10) in turn has one or more outlet holes (12), in position coinciding with the above discharge holes (1 1).
  • the opening, or hydraulic diameter, of the discharge holes (1 1), the opening of the outlet holes (12), and the separation between the discharge holes (1 1) and the outlet holes (12) of the head oil mist (2) by microinjection is between 0.01 and 5 millimeters, preferably between 0.1 and 1 millimeters. It is envisaged that the openings of the discharge orifices (1 1) and the openings of the outlet orifices (12) of the oil mist head (2) by microinjection may be equal to each other or different, although within the ranges previously specified.
  • This oil spray head (2) by microinjection allows the generation of oil droplets with a diameter of less than 5 micrometers, capable of remaining suspended in the air and being transported pneumatically by means of an air flow to the lubrication points.
  • the mass flow of air used in the pneumatic lines (5) for the transport of the oil mist is between 1 and 500 times the mass flow of oil in the mist, preferably between 24 and 300 times.
  • the diameter of the pneumatic lines (5) of the oil mist (15) is such that the transport speed divided by the square root of the gravity product by the diameter of the pneumatic transport line (5) results in a number Froude (Fr) greater than 0.5.
  • the Froude number (Fr) is a dimensionless number that relates the effect of the forces of inertia and the force of gravity acting on a fluid.
  • the nebulized oils used for industrial lubrication according to this invention have a viscosity between 5 and 5000 mm 2 / s at the operating temperature, preferably between 20 and 500 mm 2 / s, and a surface tension between 0.001 and 1 N / m in standard conditions.
  • the operating temperature will preferably be between 20 e C and 50 e C.
  • the micro-jet or jet leaves the oil mist head (2) by compressed air-drawn microinjection (14) of the pressurized air chamber (10) through the outlet orifices (12), which destabilizes it and It breaks it down into small drops that form the oil mist (15).
  • Figure 4 shows the characteristic curve of the operation of the oil mist lubrication installation (15) according to the recommended invention.
  • the ordinate axis (16) of the graph represents the ratio of the mass air flow between mass fog flow effective (condensed at the lubrication points).
  • the horizontal axis (17) represents the dimensionless Reynolds number (Re 0 i) of the oil discharge ports (1 : 1) of the oil pressure chamber (9).
  • the data represented by markers (without line) represent numerical study results corrected with the experimental performance value. Additionally, by way of reference, the following air-to-fog ratios are indicated in the figure:
  • Venturi (18) ratio of the state of the art of Venturi technology for oil mist generation.
  • Vortex (19) state of the art ratio of Vortex technology for oil mist generation.
  • phase of oil mist generation (15), with oil droplets with a diameter less than 5 micrometers, carried out in one or more oil mist heads (2) by microinjection through at least one pressurized oil chamber ( 9) and a pressurized air chamber (10) communicated with each other by one or several discharge orifices (1 1), so that the oil flow (13), which passes through the discharge orifices (1 1) is such , that the product of its speed, at the exit of the pressurized oil chamber (9), by its density and by the opening, divided, by the viscosity of the oil (13), results in a dimensionless number of Reynolds (Re) less than 20, with the pressurized air chamber (10) having one or more outlet openings (12), in a position coinciding with the aforementioned discharge openings (1 1),

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de lubrification industrielle distribuée par brouillard d'huile, qui comprend une console (1) pourvue d'une ou de plusieurs têtes de micro-injection (2) pourvus de moyens d'alimentation en huile sous pression (13), et de moyens d'alimentation en air comprimé (14), de conduits (5) qui transportent le brouillard vers des dispositifs de condensation et d'application sur le point de demande (6), des collecteurs de récupération (8) et des conduits de retour (7) jusqu'à la console. Chaque tête de micro-injection (2) comprend une chambre sous pression d'huile (9) et une chambre sous pression d'air (10) communiquant entre elles au moyen d'un ou de plusieurs orifices d'évacuation (11) à travers lesquels le flux d'huile présente un nombre de Reynolds inférieur égal à 20, ainsi que des orifices de sortie (12) alignés avec ceux d'évacuation (11), ce qui rend possible la nébulisation de l'huile avec une faible consommation d'air comprimé et par conséquent une économie d'énergie.
PCT/ES2015/070668 2014-09-17 2015-09-15 Système de lubrification industrielle distribuée par brouillard d'huile WO2016042189A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201431351 2014-09-17
ES201431351A ES2543037B2 (es) 2014-09-17 2014-09-17 Sistema de lubricación industrial distribuido por niebla de aceite

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WO2016042189A1 true WO2016042189A1 (fr) 2016-03-24

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0244204A1 (fr) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-04 Western Packaging Systems Limited Buse d'atomisation à basse pression
EP0614038A1 (fr) * 1993-01-29 1994-09-07 Lubrication Systems Company Of Texas, Inc. Système de lubrification
US5456415A (en) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-10 Gardner; James J. Atomizing nozzle for liquids
WO1999030832A1 (fr) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Universidad De Sevilla Microjet capillaire stabilise et dispositifs et procedes pour produire ce microjet
WO2001072431A1 (fr) * 2000-03-28 2001-10-04 Nisco Engineering Ag Procede et dispositif pour produire des gouttes de meme dimension
WO2011116893A1 (fr) * 2010-03-23 2011-09-29 Technische Universität Dortmund Dispositif de buse de mélange interne binaire et procédé de pulvérisation d'un liquide
US20120292406A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2012-11-22 Ganan-Calvo Alfonso M Procedure and Device For The Micro-Mixing Of Fluids Through Reflux Cell

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0244204A1 (fr) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-04 Western Packaging Systems Limited Buse d'atomisation à basse pression
EP0614038A1 (fr) * 1993-01-29 1994-09-07 Lubrication Systems Company Of Texas, Inc. Système de lubrification
US5456415A (en) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-10 Gardner; James J. Atomizing nozzle for liquids
WO1999030832A1 (fr) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Universidad De Sevilla Microjet capillaire stabilise et dispositifs et procedes pour produire ce microjet
WO2001072431A1 (fr) * 2000-03-28 2001-10-04 Nisco Engineering Ag Procede et dispositif pour produire des gouttes de meme dimension
US20120292406A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2012-11-22 Ganan-Calvo Alfonso M Procedure and Device For The Micro-Mixing Of Fluids Through Reflux Cell
WO2011116893A1 (fr) * 2010-03-23 2011-09-29 Technische Universität Dortmund Dispositif de buse de mélange interne binaire et procédé de pulvérisation d'un liquide

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ES2543037A1 (es) 2015-08-13

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