WO2016039339A1 - 脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤 - Google Patents
脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/18—Growth factors; Growth regulators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K31/713—Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/475—Growth factors; Growth regulators
- C07K14/50—Fibroblast growth factor [FGF]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases. More specifically, the present invention relates to a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases that can promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and can effectively repair the myelin sheath. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for preventing or treating a demyelinating disease.
- Nerve cells are in contact with other nerve cells by extending neurites, and nerve functions are carried by propagation of nerve activity through this contact.
- the central nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord, most of the neurites are covered with myelin sheaths.
- the myelin sheath accelerates the propagation of nerve activity by promoting jumping conduction of the nerve activity, and also contributes to the maintenance of homeostasis of the axon inside the myelin sheath.
- Demyelinating diseases are broadly divided into two groups: central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and peripheral nervous system such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis.
- central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
- peripheral nervous system such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis.
- the In multiple sclerosis one of the demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, abnormal activation of the autoimmune system causes demyelinating lesions in time and space, visual impairment, sensory impairment, motor dysfunction, autonomy Symptoms such as neuropathy appear.
- Multiple sclerosis has a prevalence in Japan of 8-9 per 100,000 people, and there are approximately 12,000-16000 affected people in Japan.
- Demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis Establishing a fundamental treatment method has become an urgent issue.
- myelin sheaths are formed by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells that have proliferated, migrated and differentiated. Therefore, for the treatment of demyelinating diseases, it is considered effective to restore the dropped myelin sheath by promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
- drugs that can promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells have not been developed so far, and the treatment of demyelinating diseases has been centered on symptomatic treatment such as administration of steroids and immunosuppressants and rehabilitation. No effective treatment has been established yet.
- FGFs fibroblast growth factors
- FGF21 is a therapeutic agent for obesity, diabetes, pancreatitis, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, and the like. It is also attempted to use as (for example, Patent Document 1).
- NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- FGF21 is a therapeutic agent for obesity, diabetes, pancreatitis, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, and the like.
- NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- Patent Document 1 conventionally, the effect of FGF21 on the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells has not been clarified.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a medicament that can promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and can effectively prevent or treat demyelinating diseases.
- FGF21 has an action of promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, FGF21, a DNA encoding FGF21, and an FGF21 production promoting substance. And / or administration of FGF21-producing cells was found to be effective in the prevention or treatment of demyelinating diseases.
- the present invention has been completed by further studies based on this finding.
- Item 1 A prophylactic or therapeutic agent for demyelinating disease, comprising as an active ingredient at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, DNA encoding FGF21, an FGF21 production promoting substance, and FGF21 producing cells.
- Item 2. Item 2. The preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating disease according to Item 1, wherein the active ingredient is FGF21.
- Item 3. Item 3. The agent for preventing or treating demyelinating disease according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the demyelinating disease is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
- Item 4. Item 4.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating disease according to any one of Items 1 to 3, which is used for improving the sequelae of demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
- Item 5. An oligodendrocyte progenitor cell growth promoter comprising as an active ingredient at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production-promoting substances, and FGF21-producing cells.
- An agent for repairing myelin sheath comprising as an active ingredient at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, DNA encoding FGF21, an FGF21 production promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells.
- Item 8. Use for the manufacture of the proliferation promoter of at least 1 sort (s) selected from the group which consists of FGF21, DNA which codes FGF21, a FGF21 production promoter, and a FGF21 production cell.
- a person in need of prevention or treatment of a demyelinating disease is treated with at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells.
- a method for preventing or treating a demyelinating disease comprising a step of administering a therapeutically effective amount. Item 11. To those who are required to promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production-promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells is added to oligodendrocytes.
- a method for promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells comprising a step of administering an effective amount for promoting the proliferation of cytoprogenitor cells.
- Item 12. For those who require repair of myelin sheath, at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells is effective for repairing myelin sheath.
- a method for repairing myelin sheath comprising the step of administering a suitable amount.
- Item 14 At least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, DNA encoding FGF21, an FGF21 production-promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells, which are used for the treatment of promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
- Item 15 At least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, an FGF21 production-promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells, used for treatment of myelin repair.
- the present invention by increasing the amount of FGF21 in a living body, it is possible to promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells that are responsible for repair of myelin sheath, and to effectively prevent or treat demyelinating diseases. it can. Further, according to the present invention, the sequelae of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system can be improved by repairing the myelin sheath. Thus, the present invention has established a method for promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and can provide the gospel to patients suffering from demyelinating diseases as a fundamental therapy for demyelinating diseases.
- Example 1 the result of having measured the amount of BrdU incorporation in oligodendrocyte precursor cells is shown.
- Test Example 2 the measurement results of BrdU incorporation in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are shown.
- Test Example 3 the measurement results of BrdU incorporation in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are shown.
- Test Example 4 the results of measuring the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells in the spinal cord tissue of a demyelination model mouse are shown.
- Test Example 5 the result of measuring the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells in the spinal cord tissue of a demyelination model mouse is shown.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating disease of the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production promoter, and FGF21-producing cells. Is an active ingredient.
- Active ingredient in the present invention, at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells is used as an active ingredient.
- FGF21 itself can be used as an active ingredient of a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases because it promotes the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the administered organism.
- FGF21 used in the present invention include human FGF21, orthologs thereof, and mutants thereof.
- Human FGF21 is a secreted protein (amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1) containing a signal sequence of 28 amino acids.
- human FGF21 one containing a signal sequence (amino acid residues 1 to 28 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1) may be used. Also good.
- the ortholog of FGF21 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include mammals such as rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, mice, cows, sheep, pigs, goats, monkeys, and rabbits; and those derived from birds such as chickens and ostriches. It is done.
- the origin of FGF21 may be appropriately set according to the species to be administered.
- the FGF21 mutant is not particularly limited as long as it retains the biological activity inherent to FGF21. Examples thereof include mutated FGF21 and FGF21 modified by genetic engineering techniques. Further, FGF21 mutants have been reported in JP-T-2011-523561, JP-T-2012-504965, JP-T-2012-525844, JP-T-2012-525847, etc. These known FGF21 mutants can also be used.
- FGF21 may be a natural protein or a recombinant produced by a genetic engineering technique.
- DNA encoding FGF21 Since DNA encoding FGF21 expresses FGF21 in an administered organism and promotes the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, it can be used as an active ingredient of a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases.
- DNA encoding FGF21 is known, for example, the DNA encoding human FGF21 is known as the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- DNA encoding FGF21 can be obtained by genetic engineering techniques based on the base sequence.
- the DNA encoding FGF21 by incorporating it into an expression vector so that FGF21 can be expressed in vivo.
- the expression vector examples include plasmid vectors, adenovirus vectors, adeno-associated virus vectors, herpes virus vectors, vaccinia virus vectors, retrovirus vectors, lentivirus vectors, Sendai virus vectors, and the like.
- a viral vector is preferable when a mammal such as a human is to be administered.
- the FGF21-encoding DNA is functionally linked to a promoter capable of exhibiting promoter activity in cells in vivo to be administered.
- the promoter used for the expression vector is not particularly limited as long as it can function in the living body to which it is administered.
- SV40-derived promoter cytomegalovirus LTR, Rous sarcoma virus LTR, MoMuLV-derived LTR, adenovirus Virus promoters such as promoters derived from mammals; mammalian constituent protein gene promoters such as ⁇ -actin gene promoter, PGK gene promoter, transferrin gene promoter and the like.
- the expression vector preferably contains a transcription termination signal downstream of the DNA encoding FGF21. Furthermore, the expression vector may further contain a selection marker gene for selecting transformed cells.
- the FGF21 expression promoting substance is a substance that promotes the expression of FGF21 in vivo.
- the FGF21 production promoting substance improves the FGF21 expression ability inherent in the living body in the administered body, and the expressed FGF21 promotes the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Therefore, the prevention or treatment of demyelinating diseases It can be used as an active ingredient of an agent.
- the FGF21 expression promoting substance acts at any stage such as transcription, post-transcriptional regulation, translation, post-translational modification, localization, and folding of FGF21 as long as it promotes FGF21 expression in vivo. May be.
- FGF21 expression promoting substance examples include PPAR ⁇ agonists such as fenofibrate, rosiglitazone, and GW7647; and transcription factors such as CREBH, ATF2, ATF4, PAR ⁇ , thyroid hormone receptor ⁇ , and ROP ⁇ .
- PPAR ⁇ agonists such as fenofibrate, rosiglitazone, and GW7647
- transcription factors such as CREBH, ATF2, ATF4, PAR ⁇ , thyroid hormone receptor ⁇ , and ROP ⁇ .
- a transcription factor it may be used in the state of being incorporated into an expression vector as in the case of DNA encoding FGF21.
- FGF21 producing cells An FGF21 producing cell is a cell having an FGF21 producing ability.
- the FGF21-producing cells produce FGF21 in the administered organism, and the produced FGF21 promotes the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Therefore, the FGF21-producing cells can be used as an active ingredient of a preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases.
- the FGF21-producing cells are not particularly limited as long as they have the ability to produce FGF21 and can be administered to a living body, but specifically, in vivo cells such as pancreatic islets, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes; And a transformed FGF21-producing cell derived from a stem cell such as an iPS cell.
- the FGF21-producing cells used in the present invention are preferably autologous cells obtained from a living body to be administered, or cells transformed or derived from the autologous cells, but obtained from other than the living body to be administered. It may also be an autologous cell, or a cell transformed or derived from the autologous cell.
- FGF21 (Preferred active ingredient)
- FGF21-encoding DNA (Preferred active ingredient)
- FGF21-producing cells may be selected and used, or two or more of these may be used in combination. May be.
- FGF21 is preferable from the viewpoint of promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells more effectively.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases of the present invention may contain other pharmacologically active components effective for preventing or treating demyelinating diseases in addition to the above active ingredients.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating disease of the present invention contains a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, if necessary, in addition to the above active ingredient, in order to prepare a desired dosage form and preparation form.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier include suspending agents such as methyl cellulose, polysorbate 80, hydroxyethyl cellulose, gum arabic, tragacanth powder, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; polyoxyethylene Hardened castor oil, polysorbate 80, nicotinamide, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, Magrogol and other solubilizing agents; human serum albumin, dextran, methylcellulose, gelatin, sodium sulfite, sodium metasulfite, and other stabilizers; human Serum albumin, lecithin, dextran, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, poly Adsorption inhibitors such as methyl
- a transfection reagent used in a gene therapeutic agent is used when a gene encoding FGF21, a transcription factor such as CREBH, etc. is used as an active ingredient. May be included.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent dosage form of demyelinating disease dosage forms the present invention is not particularly limited, may be appropriately set according to the active substance used type and dosage forms and the like.
- Specific examples of the dosage form of the preventive or therapeutic agent for demyelinating diseases of the present invention include liquid preparations such as injections, syrups, cell suspensions, liposome preparations; tablets, hard capsules, soft capsules, granules Solid preparations such as powders, powders and pills.
- a powder for preparation for example, freeze-dried powder
- physiological saline before use.
- the present invention can be used for the prevention or treatment of demyelinating diseases because it can repair the myelin sheath by promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
- a demyelinating disease is one of the neurological diseases caused by damage to the myelin sheath of myelinated nerves.
- the demyelinating disease to be prevented or treated in the present invention may be any demyelinating disease of the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system.
- Specific examples of the demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system to be prevented or treated in the present invention include inflammatory demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, optic neuromyelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and concentric sclerosis.
- Viral demyelinating diseases such as subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; Toxic demyelinating diseases such as CO poisoning and hypoxic encephalopathy; Metabolism such as metachromatic leukodystrophy and adrenoleukodystrophy Demyelinating diseases; bridge central myelin destruction, vitamin B12 deficiency and the like.
- Specific examples of the demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system to be prevented or treated in the present invention include Guillain-Barre syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis and the like.
- the subject of prevention or treatment in the present invention is preferably central nervous system demyelinating disease, more preferably central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease, more preferably multiple sclerosis. .
- the agent for preventing or treating demyelinating disease of the present invention when administered to a patient who has a sequelae of a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, the sequela can be improved by repairing the myelin sheath.
- the organism to be administered may be any organism that suffers from demyelinating disease, and in addition to humans, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, mice, cows, sheep, Examples include mammals such as pigs, goats, monkeys, and rabbits; birds such as chickens and ostriches. What is necessary is just to set the origin of the active ingredient used by this invention according to the kind of organism used as administration object.
- active ingredients include human FGF21, DNA encoding human FGF21, human FGF21 production promoter, human-derived cells that produce human FGF21, etc. Select from among them.
- administration form of the agent for preventing or treating demyelinating disease of the present invention examples include oral administration, topical administration, subcutaneous administration, intraperitoneal administration, intramuscular administration, intravenous administration, rectal administration, intradermal administration and the like. And may be appropriately set according to the type of active ingredient to be used.
- the prevention or treatment of the demyelinating disease of the present invention is preferably local administration.
- the prevention of demyelinating disease depends on the type of active ingredient used, the age, sex, weight, degree of symptoms, dosage form, etc. of the administration subject.
- a therapeutically effective amount may be set as appropriate.
- FGF21 when used as an active ingredient, the amount that is about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ g, preferably about 1 to 5 ⁇ g per day is 1 or What is necessary is just to divide it into several times.
- Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell proliferation promoter / myelin repair agent
- the active ingredient promotes the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, so it can also be used as a proliferation promoter for oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
- the active ingredient can repair the fallen myelin sheath by promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, it can also be used as a repair agent for myelin sheath.
- the present invention further relates to the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells containing as an active ingredient at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells.
- the present invention also provides a myelin repair agent comprising as an active ingredient at least one selected from the group consisting of FGF21, FGF21-encoding DNA, FGF21 production-promoting substance, and FGF21-producing cells.
- oligodendrocyte progenitor cell growth promoter and myelin repair agent the types of active ingredients, other components that can be optionally blended, dosage forms, administration subjects, administration methods, etc. are described in “1. Demyelination”. It is the same as in the case of “a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for a disease”.
- Example 1 Examination of involvement of FGF receptor in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell proliferation effect by culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes Culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes producing various growth factors is oligodendrocyte progenitor cells Whether to proliferate was examined, and the effect of FGF receptor antagonist on its proliferative effect was examined.
- the collected supernatant was suspended in MEM (modified Eagle's medium) containing 5% calf serum, and the cell solution was poured into a culture dish. After 30 minutes, floating cells were collected, suspended in MEM containing 5% calf serum, and then centrifuged (2000 rpm, 6 minutes). Thereafter, the precipitate was suspended in MEM containing 5% calf serum, and cardiomyocytes were separated by the Percoll method. Next, the obtained cardiomyocytes were seeded in a culture dish and cultured for 2 days in MEM containing 5% calf serum, and the culture supernatant was collected. The obtained culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes was used in the following experiment.
- MEM modified Eagle's medium
- Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were collected from the brain of C57BL / 6j mice (1 day old) by the following method. First, the cortex isolated from C57BL / 6j mice was dispersed using a Neurodissociation kit (Millteny) so as to be in a single cell state to obtain a cell solution. The obtained cell solution was reacted with anti-A2B5 binding beads (Millteny) to collect only oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (A2B5 positive cells). A2B5 is a marker for oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
- the collected oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were seeded on a plastic tissue culture dish coated with poly-L-lysinde (manufactured by Sigma) and cultured in a medium for 1 day (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- the media used were 4 mM L-gludamine (manufactured by Sigma), 1 mM sodium pyruvate (manufactured by Sigma), 0.1% Bovine serum albumin (manufactured by Sigma), 50 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (manufactured by Sigma) / ml Insulin (manufactured by Sigma), 30 nM sodium serenite (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Biotin (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Hydrocortisone (manufactured by Sigma), 10 ng / ml Platelet-Derived GrowAp A DMEM containing 10 ng / ml basic Fibroblast growth factor (manufactured by Peprotech) .
- BrdU incorporation was measured under the same conditions as described above except that the culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes was not added. In this experiment, 5 to 6 patients were studied in each group.
- FIG. 1 shows the mean value ⁇ standard error of the results of measuring the BrdU incorporation amount of each group. Further, the BrdU incorporation amount of each group was statistically analyzed by analysis of variance.
- the culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes contains a growth factor that promotes the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
- the proliferation effect of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by the culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes is an action via FGF receptor.
- Example 2 Identification of FGF subtype involved in proliferation effect of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells produced by myocardium Any subtype of FGF contained in the culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes is involved in promoting proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells I examined whether or not.
- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were collected from the brains of C57BL / 6j mice (1 day old) in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were divided into 4 groups: FGF1 neutralizing antibody added group, FGF2 neutralizing antibody added group, FGF18 siRNA introduced group, and FGF21 siRNA introduced group, and the following experiment was conducted. In this experiment, four cases were studied in each group.
- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were first seeded on a plastic tissue culture dish coated with poly-L-lysinde (manufactured by Sigma) and cultured in the following medium for 1 day (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- the media used were 4 mM L-gludamine (Sigma), 1 mM Sodium pyruvate (Sigma), 0.1% Bovine serum albumin (Sigma), 50 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma), 5 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma) / ml Insulin (manufactured by Sigma), 30 nM sodium serenite (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Biotin (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Hydrocortisone (manufactured by Sigma), 10 ng / ml Platelet-Derived GrowAp A DMEM containing 10 ng / ml basic Fibroblast growth factor (manufactured by Peprotech) .
- the culture solution of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells was removed, and the culture supernatant of cardiomyocytes obtained above was added to 100% by weight, and at the same time, FGF1 neutralizing antibody (IgG, manufactured by R & D) was added. They were added to 3 ⁇ g / ml and 10 ⁇ g / ml, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours. Subsequently, BrdU was added and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and then the cells were collected. BrdU incorporation was detected by a cell proliferation ELISA and BrdU color development kit (Roche).
- FGF2 neutralizing antibody addition group an experiment was performed under the same conditions as the FGF1 neutralizing antibody addition group except that an FGF2 neutralizing antibody (IgG, manufactured by Millipore) was used instead of the FGF1 neutralizing antibody.
- an FGF2 neutralizing antibody IgG, manufactured by Millipore
- the control IgG was used instead of the FGF2 neutralizing antibody. It was measured.
- FGF18 siRNA manufactured by Lifetechnologies
- Lipofectamine RNAi / MAX manufactured by Invitroges
- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were seeded on a plastic tissue culture dish coated with poly-L-lysinde (manufactured by Sigma) and cultured in the following medium for 1 day (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- the media used were 4 mM L-gludamine (Sigma), 1 mM Sodium pyruvate (Sigma), 0.1% Bovine serum albumin (Sigma), 50 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma), 5 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma) / ml Insulin (manufactured by Sigma), 30 nM sodium serenite (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Biotin (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Hydrocortisone (manufactured by Sigma), 10 ng / ml Platelet-Derived GrowAp A DMEM containing 10 ng / ml basic Fibroblast growth factor (manufactured by Peprotech) .
- FGF21 siRNA addition group an experiment was performed under the same conditions as the FGF18 siRNA addition group except that FGF21 siRNA (manufactured by Lifetechnologies) was used instead of FGF18 siRNA.
- FGF21 siRNA manufactured by Lifetechnologies
- a control siRNA Applied Biosystems, Silencer select control siRNA
- FIG. 2 shows the mean ⁇ standard error of the results of measuring the BrdU incorporation amount of each group. Further, the BrdU incorporation amount of each group was statistically analyzed by analysis of variance. As is clear from FIG. 2, the addition of cardiomyocyte culture supernatant significantly increased BrdU incorporation. In the FGF1 neutralizing antibody added group, the FGF2 neutralizing antibody added group, and the FGF18 siRNA introduced group, The increase in BrdU incorporation due to the addition of the culture supernatant was not suppressed.
- FGF1, FGF2 and FGF18 do not affect the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, but FGF21 is involved in promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
- Example 3 Examination of the growth promoting action of FGF21 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells The growth promoting action of FGF21 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells was verified using cultured cells.
- FGF15 (manufactured by Abcam), FGF21 (manufactured by R & D), and FGF23 (manufactured by R & D) were diluted with physiological saline immediately before use to prepare a FGF21-containing solution.
- Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were collected from the brains of C57BL / 6j mice (1 day old) in the same manner as in Example 1.
- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells were seeded on a plastic tissue culture dish coated with poly-L-lysinde (manufactured by Sigma) and cultured in the following medium for 1 day (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- the media used were 4 mM L-gludamine (Sigma), 1 mM Sodium pyruvate (Sigma), 0.1% Bovine serum albumin (Sigma), 50 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma), 5 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma) / ml Insulin (manufactured by Sigma), 30 nM sodium serenite (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Biotin (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Hydrocortisone (manufactured by Sigma), 10 ng / ml Platelet-Derived GrowAp A DMEM containing 10 ng / ml basic Fibroblast growth factor (manufactured by Peprotech) .
- FIG. 3 shows the mean ⁇ standard error of the results of measuring the BrdU incorporation amount of each group.
- the BrdU incorporation amount of each group was statistically analyzed.
- the addition of FGF21 significantly increases the BrdU uptake of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
- the control serum addition
- a significant difference was observed in the amount of BrdU incorporation.
- Example 4 Examination of effects on proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in demyelination model mice (1) The growth promoting effect of FGF21 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells was examined using a demyelinating model mouse.
- Recombinant FGF21 (R & D) diluted with physiological saline to a concentration of 4.17 ⁇ g / ml is filled into an osmotic pump (Alzette), a cannula is attached to the tip of the pump, and the tip is FGF21 was continuously administered along with the lysophosphatidylcholine administration site of demyelinating model mice. Seven days later, the demyelinating model mouse was anesthetized, and the spinal cord tissue was collected by transcardially refluxing physiological saline. Finally, FGF21 was administered at 350 ng. The spinal cord tissue was fixed with a 4% paraformaldehyde solution and replaced with a 30% sucrose solution, and then frozen sliced sections were prepared.
- the sections were immunostained using anti-PDGFR ⁇ antibody and anti-Ki67 antibody, and the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells in the sections was counted.
- PDGFR ⁇ is a marker for oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
- Ki67 is a cell proliferation marker.
- the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells was measured under the same conditions as described above using physiological saline. In this experiment, 5 mice were used for each group.
- Example 5 Examination of the effect on proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in demyelination model mice The growth promoting action of FGF21 on oligodendrocyte progenitor cells was examined using demyelination model mice.
- FGF21 was subcutaneously administered at a dose of 500 ng / kg body weight per day for 2 weeks.
- the demyelinating model mouse was anesthetized, and the spinal cord tissue was collected by transcardially refluxing physiological saline.
- the collected spinal cord tissue was fixed with a 4% paraformaldehyde solution and replaced with a 30% sucrose solution, and then frozen thin layer sections were prepared.
- the sections were immunostained using anti-PDGFR ⁇ antibody and anti-Ki67 antibody, and the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells in the sections was counted.
- the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells was measured under the same conditions as described above using physiological saline containing 0.5% BSA. In this experiment, 5 or 6 mice were used for each group.
- FIG. 5 shows the mean ⁇ standard error for the results of counting the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells. Also in this test, the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells increased in demyelinating model mice administered with FGF21, and it was revealed that FGF21 can promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in vivo.
- Example 6 Examination of effect of demyelination model mouse on myelination repair The effect of FGF21 on myelination repair was examined using a demyelination model mouse.
- a section was prepared from the collected spinal cord tissue in the same manner as in Example 5, and the section was immunostained with an anti-MBP antibody, and the MBP positive region in the section was measured.
- an MBP positive region was measured under the same conditions as described above using a physiological saline containing 0.5% BSA. In this experiment, one mouse was used for each group.
- Results Fig. 6 shows the average values of the results of measuring the MBP positive area.
- the MBP positive region increased, and it was revealed that FGF21 can promote myelin repair in vivo.
- Example 7 Examination of effect on neurological symptoms of demyelination model mice The therapeutic effect of FGF21 on neurological symptoms was examined using demyelination model mice.
- Results Figure 7 shows the average value ⁇ standard error for the results of calculating the ratio of the number of times the ladder was stepped off. In the demyelinating model mouse administered with FGF21, the number of times the ladder was stepped down was decreased, and it was revealed that FGF21 promotes improvement of nerve function.
- Example 8 Examination of growth promoting action of FGF21 on human oligodendrocyte precursor cells The growth promoting action of FGF21 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells was verified using cultured cells derived from humans.
- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are seeded on a plastic tissue culture dish (Greiner Bio-One) coated with poly-L-lysinde and cultured in the following medium for 1 day (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ). did.
- the media used were 4 mM L-gludamine (Sigma), 1 mM Sodium pyruvate (Sigma), 0.1% Bovine serum albumin (Sigma), 50 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma), 5 ⁇ g / ml apo-Transferrin (Sigma) / ml Insulin (manufactured by Sigma), 30 nM sodium serenite (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Biotin (manufactured by Sigma), 10 nM Hydrocortisone (manufactured by Sigma), 10 ng / ml Platelet-Derived GrowAp 10 ng / ml basic Fibroblast growth factor (manufactured by Peprotech) 1 (v / v)% pe Is a DMEM containing icillin / streptomycin (Life Technologies).
- an FGF21-containing solution was added to the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell culture solution so that FGF21 was 6 g / ml, followed by culturing at 37 ° C. for 24 hours.
- BrdU was added and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and then the cells were collected.
- BrdU incorporation was detected by a cell proliferation ELISA and BrdU color development kit (Roche).
- As a control BrdU uptake was measured under the same conditions as described above using the same amount of physiological saline instead of the FGF21-containing solution. In this experiment, 6 cases were studied for the control group and 4 cases for the FGF21 group.
- FIG. 8 shows the mean ⁇ standard error of the results of measuring the BrdU incorporation amount of each group.
- the BrdU incorporation amount of each group was statistically analyzed.
- the uptake of BrdU of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells was remarkably increased by adding FGF21.
- FGF21 has an action of promoting the proliferation of human oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
- Example 7 Examination of the effect of cerebral contusion model mice on the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells The growth promoting action of FGF21 on oligodendrocyte progenitor cells was examined using cerebral contusion model mice.
- mice Male, 7 weeks old were fixed to a stereotaxic apparatus (manufactured by Narishige) under anesthesia. A midline incision was made in the scalp, the fascia was removed, and the skull was exposed. Craniotomy was performed in a circle with a diameter of 4 mm, centered on a point 2 mm lateral to the bregma. A brain contusion was created by connecting a 3 mm diameter chip to a Pnematic Impact Device (AmScien Instruments). The parameters giving impact were a speed of 4 to 4.5 mm / second, a depth of 1 mm, and a duration of 120 milliseconds.
- AmScien Instruments Pnematic Impact Device
- FGF21-containing solution obtained by diluting recombinant FGF21 (manufactured by R & D) with physiological saline was filled into an osmotic pump (manufactured by Alzette). Further, a cannula was attached to the tip of the osmotic pump, and Brain infusion kit (manufactured by Alzette) was connected to the tip, and the FGF21-containing solution was continuously administered into the ventricle. Administration of the FGF21-containing solution was carried out for 1 week at a dose at which FGF21 was 50 ng / kg body weight per day. Thereafter, brain contusion mice were anesthetized, and brain tissue was collected by transcardially refluxing physiological saline.
- the collected brain tissue was fixed with a 4% paraformaldehyde solution and replaced with a 30% sucrose solution, and then a frozen thin layer section was prepared.
- the sections were immunostained using anti-PDGFR ⁇ antibody and anti-Ki67 antibody, and the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells in the sections was counted.
- the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells was measured under the same conditions as described above using physiological saline (Vehicle) containing 0.5% BSA. In this experiment, 5 or 6 mice were used for each group.
- FIG. 9 shows the mean ⁇ standard error for the results of counting the number of PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 co-positive cells. Also in this study, the number of co-positive cells in PDGFR ⁇ and Ki67 increased in cerebral contusion model mice administered with FGF21, and it became clear that FGF21 can promote the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells even after cerebral contusion. .
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Abstract
Description
項1. FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とする、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
項2. 前記有効成分がFGF21である、項1に記載の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
項3. 前記脱髄疾患が中枢神経系の脱髄疾患である、項1又は2に記載の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
項4. 中枢神経系の脱髄疾患の後遺症の改善に使用される、項1~3のいずれかに記載の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
項5. FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とする、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進剤。
項6. FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とする、髄鞘の修復剤。
項7. FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の製造のための使用。
項8. FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進剤の製造のための使用。
項9. FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分の髄鞘の修復剤の製造のための使用。
項10. 脱髄疾患の予防又は治療が必要とされている者に、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を、その予防又は治療に有効な量を投与する工程を含む、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療方法。
項11. オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進が必要とされている者に、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進に有効な量を投与する工程を含む、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進方法。
項12. 髄鞘の修復が必要とされている者に、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を、髄鞘の修復に有効な量を投与する工程を含む、髄鞘の修復方法。
項13. 脱髄疾患の予防又は治療の処置に使用される、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種。
項14. オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進の処置に使用される、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種。
項15. 髄鞘の修復の処理に使用される、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種。
本発明の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤は、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とすることを特徴とする。以下、本発明について、詳述する。
本発明では、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分として使用する。
FGF21は、それ自体、投与された生体内でオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進するため、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の有効成分として使用できる。
FGF21をコードしているDNAは、投与された生体内でFGF21を発現し、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進するため、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の有効成分として使用できる。
FGF21発現促進物質とは、生体内でFGF21の発現を促進させる物質である。FGF21産生促進物質は、投与された生体において、生体が本来有しているFGF21発現能を向上させ、発現されたFGF21がオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進するため、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の有効成分として使用できる。
FGF21産生細胞とは、FGF21産生能を備えている細胞である。FGF21産生細胞は、投与された生体内でFGF21を産生し、産生されたFGF21がオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進するため、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の有効成分として使用できる。
本発明では、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞の中から1種を選択して使用してもよく、またこれらの中から2種以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。これらの有効成分の中でも、より一層効果的にオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進させるという観点から、好ましくはFGF21が挙げられる。
本発明の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤は、前記有効成分の他に、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療に有効な他の薬理活性成分を含んでいてもよい。
本発明の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の剤型については、特に制限されず、使用する有効成分の種類や投与形態等に応じて適宜設定すればよい。本発明の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の剤型として、具体的には、注射剤、シロップ剤、細胞懸濁液、リポソーム製剤等の液状製剤;錠剤、硬カプセル剤、軟カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、丸剤、等の固形状製剤等が挙げられる。また、注射剤にする場合には、使用前に生理食塩水等で溶解する用時調製用粉末(例えば凍結乾燥粉末)の形態であってもよい。
本発明は、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進することにより髄鞘を修復できるので脱髄疾患の予防又は治療目的で使用される。脱髄疾患とは、有髄神経の髄鞘が障害されることによって生じる神経疾患の1つである。
本発明の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の投与形態としては、例えば、経口投与、局所投与、皮下投与、腹腔内投与、筋肉内投与、静脈内投与、経直腸的、皮内投与等が挙げられ、使用する有効成分の種類に応じて適宜設定すればよい。これらの投与形態の中でも、本発明の脱髄疾患の予防または治療として、好ましくは局所投与が挙げられる。
前記有効成分は、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進させるので、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進剤として使用することもできる。また、前記有効成分は、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進させることにより、脱落した髄鞘を修復させることができるので、髄鞘の修復剤として使用することもできる。
様々な増殖因子(growth factor)を産生する心筋細胞の培養上清がオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞を増殖させるか検討し、またその増殖効果に対するFGF受容体拮抗剤の作用について検討した。
C57BL/6jマウス(生後1日齢)から摘出した心臓をミンチングした後に1mg/mlの1型コラーゲナーゼ(Worthington社製)に注いで37℃で20分振とうした。得られた細胞溶液をピペッティングし、静置後、上清を回収した。上清を回収した残りの心筋細胞に再び1mg/mlの1型コラーゲナーゼ(Worthington社製)に注ぎ、37℃で20分振とうした後に上清を回収する操作を3回繰り返した。集めた上清を5%calf serumを含むMEM(modified Eagle’s medium)で懸濁し、培養用ディッシュに細胞溶液を注いだ。30分後、浮遊細胞を回収し、更に5%calf serumを含むMEMで懸濁した後に遠心分離した(2000rpm、6分)。その後、沈殿物を5%calf serumを含むMEMで懸濁後、パーコール法により心筋細胞を分離した。次いで、得られた心筋細胞を培養用ディッシュに播種して、5%calf serumを含むMEMにて2日間培養し、培養上清を回収した。得られた心筋細胞の培養上清を、以下の実験に用いた。
各群のBrdUの取り込み量の測定した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図1に示す。また、各群のBrdUの取り込み量については、分散分析により統計解析を行った。
心筋細胞の培養上清に含まれるFGFのいずれのサブタイプが、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進に関与しているかについて検討した。
心筋細胞の培養上清は、C57BL/6jマウス(生後1日齢)を用いて、実施例1と同様の方法で調製した。また、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞は、C57BL/6jマウス(生後1日齢)の脳から実施例1と同様の方法で採取した。得られたオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞を、FGF1中和抗体添加群、FGF2中和抗体添加群、FGF18 siRNA導入群、及びFGF21 siRNA導入群の4群に分けて、以下の実験を行った。なお、本実験では、各群4例ずつ検討した。
各群のBrdUの取り込み量の測定した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図2に示す。また、各群のBrdUの取り込み量については、分散分析により統計解析を行った。図2から明らかなように、心筋細胞の培養上清を添加することによって、BrdUの取り込みが著しく上昇し、FGF1中和抗体添加群、FGF2中和抗体添加群、及びFGF18siRNA導入群では、心筋細胞の培養上清を添加することによるBrdUの取り込みの上昇は抑制されなかった。一方、FGF21 siRNA導入群では、心筋細胞の培養上清を添加した条件で、FGF21 siRNAを導入しなかった場合、及びコントロールsiRNAを使用した場合に比べて、BrdUの取り込みの上昇が顕著に抑制できていた(p<0.01)。
オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞に対するFGF21の増殖促進作用を、培養細胞を用いて検証した。
組み換えFGF15(Abcam社製)、FGF21(R&D社製)、FGF23(R&D社製)を使用直前に生理食塩水で希釈して、FGF21含有液を準備した。オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞は、C57BL/6jマウス(生後1日齢)の脳から実施例1と同様の手法で採取した。
各群のBrdUの取り込み量の測定した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図3に示す。また、各群のBrdUの取り込み量については、統計解析を行った。図3から明らかなように、FGF21を添加することによって、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞のBrdUの取り込みが著しく増加しており、FGF21を添加した群とコントロール(生理食塩水添加)との間には、BrdUの取り込み量において有意な差が認められた。FGF15、FGF23を添加した群とコントロールトの間には、BrdUの取り込み量において有意な差が認められなかった。即ち、本結果から、FGF21には、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進する作用があることが確認された。
FGF21のオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞に対する増殖促進作用を、脱髄モデルマウスを用いて検討した。
C57BL/6jマウス(メス、7週齢)の脊髄内に、生理食塩水で1%(w/v)に希釈したリゾフォスファチジルコリンをマウス1匹当たり2μl局所投与し、脱髄モデルマウスを作製した。
PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数を計測した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図4に示す。また、PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数については、分散分析により統計解析を行った。図4から分かるように、FGF21を投与した脱髄モデルマウスでは、PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数が増加しており、FGF21を投与した群とコントロール(生理食塩水添加)との間には、PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数において有意な差(p<0.05)が認められた。この結果から、FGF21は、生体内で、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進できることが明らかとなった。
FGF21のオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞に対する増殖促進作用を、脱髄モデルマウスを用いて検討した。
C57BL/6jマウス(メス、7週齢)に、胸椎11番目と胸椎12番目が椎弓を切除し、背柱の正中線に深さ2mmで、生理食塩水で1%(w/v)に希釈したリゾフォスファチジルコリン2μlを局所投与することにより、脱髄モデルマウスを作製した。
PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数を計測した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図5に示す.本試験でも、FGF21を投与した脱髄モデルマウスにおいて、PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数が増加しており、FGF21は、生体内でオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進できることが明らかとなった。
FGF21の髄鞘修復作用を、脱髄モデルマウスを用いて検討した。
脱髄モデルマウスは、前記実施例5と同様の手法で作出した。リゾフォスファチジルコリン投与から7日後の脱髄モデルマウスに対して、組み換えFGF21(R&D社製)を生理食塩水で希釈したFGF21含有液を用いて、FGF21を1日当たり500ng/kg体重の投与量で2週間皮下投与した。2週間後に、脱髄モデルマウスを麻酔し、生理食塩水を経心的に還流して脊髄組織を採取した。前記実施例5と同様の手法で、採取した脊髄組織から切片を作成し、切片を抗MBP抗体にて免疫染色を行い、切片内のMBP陽性領域を計測した。また、コントロールとして、0.5%BSAを含む生理食塩水を使用して、前記と同条件でMBP陽性領域を測定した。なお、本実験では、各群1匹のマウスを用いて検討した。
MBP陽性領域を計測した結果について、平均値を図6に示す.FGF21を投与した脱髄モデルマウスにおいて、MBP陽性領域が増加しており、FGF21は、生体内で髄鞘修復を促進できることが明らかとなった。
FGF21の神経症状への治療効果について、脱髄モデルマウスを用いて検討した。
脱髄モデルマウスの作出と組み換えFGF21の投与は、前記実施例5と同様の手法で実施した。マウスの後肢の運動機能はladder walk testを実施した。長さ1メートルの梯子を高さ15cmの位置に設置した。梯子の幅はランダムに0.6、1.2、1.8cmにして、マウスを梯子の上を歩かせた。肢を踏み外す回数を計測し、全歩数に対する肢を踏み外す回数の割合(%)を算出した。なお、本実験では、各群3匹のマウスを用いて検討した。
梯子を踏み外した回数の割合を算出した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図7に示す.FGF21を投与した脱髄モデルマウスにおいて、梯子を踏み外す回数が低下しており、FGF21は、神経機能の改善を促すことが明らかとなった。
オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞に対するFGF21の増殖促進作用を、ヒト由来の培養細胞を用いて検証した。
組み換えヒトFGF21(R&D社製)を使用直前に生理食塩水で希釈して、FGF21含有液を準備した。また、ヒトオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞(ScienCell社製)を準備した。
各群のBrdUの取り込み量の測定した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図8に示す。また、各群のBrdUの取り込み量については、統計解析を行った。図6から明らかなように、FGF21を添加することによって、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞のBrdUの取り込みが著しく増加しており、FGF21を添加した群とコントロール(生理食塩水添加)との間には、BrdUの取り込み量において有意な差が認められた。即ち、本結果から、FGF21には、ヒトオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進する作用があることが確認された。
FGF21のオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞に対する増殖促進作用を、脳挫傷モデルマウスを用いて検討した。
C57BL/6jマウス(メス、7週齢)を麻酔下で、脳定位固定装置(ナリシゲ社製)に固定した。頭皮を正中切開し、筋膜を取り除き、頭蓋を露出した。ブレグマから2mm側方の地点を中心にして直径4mmの円形で開頭した。脳挫傷はPneumatic Impact Device(AmScien Instruments社製)に直径3mmのチップを接続して、作成した。衝撃を与えるパラメーターは、速度4~4.5mm/秒、深さ1mm、持続時間を120ミリ秒とした。
PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数を計測した結果について、平均値±標準誤差を図9に示す。本試験でも、FGF21を投与した脳挫傷モデルマウスにおいて、PDGFRα及びKi67共陽性細胞数が増加しており、FGF21は、脳挫傷後においてもオリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖を促進できることが明らかとなった。
Claims (15)
- FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とする、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 前記有効成分がFGF21である、請求項1に記載の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 前記脱髄疾患が中枢神経系の脱髄疾患である、請求項1又は2に記載の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- 中枢神経系の脱髄疾患の後遺症の改善に使用される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤。
- FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とする、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進剤。
- FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分とする、髄鞘の修復剤。
- FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療剤の製造のための使用。
- FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進剤の製造のための使用。
- FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分の髄鞘の修復剤の製造のための使用。
- 脱髄疾患の予防又は治療が必要とされている者に、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を、その予防又は治療に有効な量を投与する工程を含む、脱髄疾患の予防又は治療方法。
- オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進が必要とされている者に、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進に有効な量を投与する工程を含む、オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進方法。
- 髄鞘の修復が必要とされている者に、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を、髄鞘の修復に有効な量を投与する工程を含む、髄鞘の修復方法。
- 脱髄疾患の予防又は治療の処置に使用される、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種。
- オリゴデンドロサイト前駆細胞の増殖促進の処置に使用される、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種。
- 髄鞘の修復の処理に使用される、FGF21、FGF21をコードしているDNA、FGF21産生促進物質、及びFGF21産生細胞よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種。
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CN115501227A (zh) * | 2021-08-02 | 2022-12-23 | 中山大学·深圳 | 化合物在制备防治脱髓鞘疾病药物的应用 |
CN115501227B (zh) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-09-19 | 中山大学·深圳 | 化合物在制备防治脱髓鞘疾病药物的应用 |
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JP6308699B2 (ja) | 2018-04-11 |
JPWO2016039339A1 (ja) | 2017-06-15 |
US10293026B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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