WO2016037571A1 - 一种时钟同步方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种时钟同步方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016037571A1 WO2016037571A1 PCT/CN2015/089261 CN2015089261W WO2016037571A1 WO 2016037571 A1 WO2016037571 A1 WO 2016037571A1 CN 2015089261 W CN2015089261 W CN 2015089261W WO 2016037571 A1 WO2016037571 A1 WO 2016037571A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to vehicle networking technologies, and in particular, to a clock synchronization method and apparatus.
- the D2D (Device-to-Device) communication system is a short-distance communication service that enables direct transmission of data between terminals.
- the combination of the D2D communication system and the cellular communication system can increase the spectrum efficiency of the cellular communication system, reduce the terminal transmission power, and shorten the delay.
- the vehicle networking system uses vehicles as the basic information unit, and uses advanced sensing technology, information acquisition technology, access technology, transmission technology, and networking technology to comprehensively perceive roads and traffic, and realize large-scale and large-scale between multiple systems. The interaction of capacity data to provide traffic efficiency and traffic safety to networks and applications.
- the Internet of Vehicles has node characteristics, mobility characteristics, and data flow characteristics. Its mobile characteristics are characterized by fast changes in network topology and fast node movement.
- some terminals may be under cellular coverage, and some terminals are outside the cellular coverage. Therefore, when the cellular base station performs D2D resource scheduling, the performance of the synchronous system is reduced, which directly leads to a decrease in communication quality, and even Make the communication system inoperable.
- the clock synchronization solution in the D2D resource scheduling scenario of the cellular base station is roughly classified into two types: a distributed synchronization scheme and a centralized synchronization scheme.
- the distributed synchronization scheme means that each terminal determines the clock of the terminal according to the timing of the surrounding terminals. For example, there are three terminals A, B, and C in the system. Each terminal occupies one time slot. A, B, and C transmit data sequentially. First, A sends data, and B receives A signal after receiving A signal.
- the clock is its own transmit clock; C receives the A and B signals and receives the A and B signals. For its own transmit clock; A receives the B and C signals, and receives the B and C signals with a clock average of A's transmit clock, and so on.
- each terminal needs to send a preamble with a synchronization indication function to indicate the transmission clock of the next terminal when transmitting data, which results in a large synchronization overhead.
- the centralized synchronization scheme refers to: terminals with similar geographical locations form a terminal cluster, each terminal cluster selects a cluster head based on a certain protocol, and other terminals in the terminal cluster form a clock source based on the clock and frequency of the cluster head, and the terminal The clock that the other terminals in the cluster send signals is determined by the clock source of the cluster head.
- the embodiment of the invention provides a clock synchronization method and device, which are used to reduce clock synchronization overhead and avoid resource waste.
- the embodiment of the invention provides a clock synchronization method, including:
- the first device to the device D2D terminal accessing the cellular network receives the D2D association system information sent by the network side, and establishes downlink synchronization with the network side, and enters the synchronization level 2b;
- the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the network side. Clock synchronization, entering synchronization level 2a;
- the preset calibration mode is adopted. , completes synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- each D2D terminal can be reduced.
- the overhead of clock synchronization is implemented to avoid waste of resources.
- the first D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2b, and indicates that the first D2D terminal is only capable of receiving data and cannot transmit data;
- the first D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2a, indicating that the first D2D terminal is capable of receiving data and is also capable of transmitting data.
- the distance calibration method or the uplink synchronization calibration manner is used to complete the network.
- the clock on the side is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a, including:
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the base station location information is further obtained based on the D2D association system information, and then based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the distance calibration method is used to complete the network side
- the clock is synchronized and enters synchronization level 2a.
- the first D2D terminal completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the uplink synchronous calibration mode, the first D2D terminal adopts the first conventional cyclic prefix CP subframe structure and the clock after the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization is completed. Performing information interaction between one of the two conventional CP subframe structures and the extended CP subframe structure;
- the first D2D terminal performs the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration mode, the first D2D terminal adopts the first regular CP subframe structure, the second regular CP subframe structure, and the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. Extending one of the CP sub-frame structures for information interaction;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, and the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is Degree is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts.
- the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164 Ts.
- the method is adopted.
- the preset calibration mode completes the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enters the synchronization level 2a, including:
- the first D2D terminal receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal that is timed by the UTC, determines the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and is based on the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal.
- the distance between the two is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the clock synchronization with the network side is completed by using the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the first D2D terminal receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC.
- a downlink clock of the terminal and based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, correcting the downlink clock by using a distance calibration manner, completing clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, and entering a synchronization level 2a;
- the first D2D terminal receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and adopts a zero calibration mode.
- the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the first D2D terminal receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, and completes the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal by using the distance calibration mode, the first D2D terminal completes the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization.
- the second regular CP subframe structure is used for information interaction;
- the first D2D terminal completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration method based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the first D2D terminal adopts the extended CP subframe after the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization is completed. Structure for information interaction;
- the first D2D terminal detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, performs the distance calibration method on the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal. Correcting, after the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, the first D2D terminal adopts a first regular CP subframe structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe structure in the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. One of them performs information interaction;
- the terminal uses the extended CP subframe structure to perform information interaction;
- the first conventional CP subframe structure is: each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, the AGCT The length is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support the same time and frequency. Step, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, where The AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the clock synchronization is re-completed according to the set period. If the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set duration, the synchronization level 2b is entered;
- the first D2D terminal After obtaining the UTC authorization, the first D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 1, and reacquires the UTC authorization according to the set period. If the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set time period, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the synchronization level 2a is directly entered or the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode. After that, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the data receiving window is used to blindly detect the pilot signal and data sent by the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network, when detecting When the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 is received, or when the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the subframe structure in the self-organizing mode and the coverage of the cellular network are adopted.
- the D2D terminal performs data transmission and reception, and assists the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 to adopt the distance calibration mode or the uplink clock synchronization calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the first D2D terminal, and enters the synchronization level 2, wherein the cellular network There is a synchronization level 1, a synchronization level 2, a synchronization level 3, and a synchronization level 4 outside the coverage, and the synchronization level 2a in the default coverage of the first D2D terminal is equivalent to the synchronization level 2 outside the coverage of the cellular network, such that Can reduce the processing complexity of the D2D terminal.
- a clock synchronization device includes:
- a receiving unit configured to receive D2D association system information sent by the network side, and establish downlink synchronization with the network side, and enter synchronization level 2b;
- a first sending unit configured to determine, according to the received D2D associated system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC timing of the Coordinated Time, and when the position measurement error of the cellular network is lower than a preset threshold, using a distance calibration method or an uplink synchronization calibration manner
- the clock on the network side is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a;
- a second sending unit configured to determine, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained UTC timing, but when the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or when determining that the cellular network does not obtain UTC grant, Set the calibration mode to complete the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enter the synchronization level 2a.
- the device enters a synchronization level 2b, indicating that the device is only capable of receiving data and is unable to transmit data;
- the device enters synchronization level 2a, characterizing that the device is capable of receiving data and is also capable of transmitting data.
- the first sending unit is specifically configured to:
- the first sending unit can obtain the uplink clock on the network side, use the uplink synchronous calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the network side, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the first sending unit fails to obtain the uplink clock of the network side, further obtaining base station location information based on the D2D associated system information, and then performing distance calibration based on the distance between the clock synchronization device and the base station.
- the clock on the network side is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the first sending unit if the first sending unit completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the uplink synchronous calibration mode, the first sending unit adopts the first regular cyclic prefix CP during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the first regular cyclic prefix CP Performing information interaction by one of a frame structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe structure;
- the first sending unit completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration mode, the first sending unit adopts the first regular CP subframe structure and the second regular CP during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts.
- the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164 Ts.
- the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or, if the cellular network is determined not to receive the UTC grant, the preset calibration manner is adopted. And completing the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and entering the synchronization level 2a, where the second sending unit is specifically configured to:
- the second sending unit receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal that is timed by the UTC, determines the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and synchronizes the clock based on the clock.
- the distance between the second D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the second sending unit obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D association system information, based on the distance between the clock synchronization device and the base station, the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter Synchronization level 2a;
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the second sending unit receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the The distance between the clock synchronization device and the second D2D terminal is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the second sending unit receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC is detected, and adopts zero.
- the calibration mode is completed in synchronization with the clock of the second D2D terminal, and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the second sending unit receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, and completes the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal by using the distance calibration mode, the second sending unit is in the clock synchronization process. After the clock synchronization is completed, the second regular CP subframe structure is used for information interaction;
- the second sending unit completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration method based on the distance between the clock synchronization device and the base station, the second sending unit performs the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the extended CP sub-frame structure for information interaction
- the second sending unit detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the clock synchronization device and the second D2D terminal, using the distance calibration method to the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal Performing a correction to complete clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, the first D2D terminal adopts a first regular CP subframe structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe after clock synchronization and clock synchronization are completed.
- One of the structures performs information interaction;
- the second sending unit detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and completes the correction of the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using the zero calibration mode, and completes the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal,
- the second sending unit uses the extended CP subframe structure to perform information interaction during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts.
- the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164 Ts.
- the clock synchronization is re-completed according to the set period. If the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set duration, the synchronization level 2b is entered;
- the synchronization level 1 is entered, and the UTC authorization is re-acquired according to the set period. If the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set duration, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the synchronization level 2a is directly entered or the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode. Enter sync level 2a.
- the data receiving window is used to blindly detect the pilot signal and data sent by the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network, when the synchronization level 3 is detected.
- the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal or when the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the subframe structure in the self-organizing mode and the third D2D outside the coverage of the cellular network are adopted.
- the terminal performs data transmission and reception, and assists the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 to adopt the distance calibration mode or the uplink clock synchronization calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the device, and enters the synchronization level 2, wherein the coverage of the cellular network exists.
- Synchronization level 1, synchronization level 2, synchronization level 3, and synchronization level 4, and the synchronization level 2a within the default cellular coverage of the device is equivalent to synchronization level 2 outside the coverage of the cellular network.
- a clock synchronization device includes:
- a receiving port configured to receive D2D association system information sent by the network side, and establish downlink synchronization with the network side, and enter synchronization level 2b;
- the sending port is configured to determine, according to the received D2D associated system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC timing of the Coordinated Universal Time, and when the position measurement error of the cellular network is lower than the preset threshold, the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronous calibration manner is used to complete the network side. Clock synchronization, entering synchronization level 2a;
- the synchronization level 2b is entered to indicate that the device is only capable of receiving data and is unable to transmit data; entering the synchronization level 2a, indicating that the device is capable of receiving data, and is also capable of transmitting data.
- the sending port can obtain the uplink clock of the network side, the clock synchronization with the network side is completed by using the uplink synchronous calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the sending port fails to obtain the uplink clock of the network side
- the base station location information is further obtained based on the D2D associated system information, and then based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the distance calibration method is used to complete the network side
- the clock is synchronized and enters synchronization level 2a.
- the sending port completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the uplink synchronous calibration mode
- the first normal cyclic prefix CP subframe structure is adopted in the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the sending port completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration mode, the sending port adopts a first regular CP subframe structure, a second conventional CP subframe structure, and after clock synchronization is completed. Extending one of the CP sub-frame structures for information interaction;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts.
- the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 12 data symbols.
- the special symbols include GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 644Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, and each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or, if the cellular network is determined not to receive the UTC grant, the preset calibration manner is adopted. And completing the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and entering the synchronization level 2a, where the sending port is specifically used to:
- the transmitting port receives a dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal that is timed by the UTC, determines a downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and is based on the between the sending port and the second D2D terminal.
- the distance is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the sending port obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D association system information, based on the distance between the sending port and the base station, the clock synchronization with the network side is completed by using the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered. ;
- the sending port receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and sends the downlink clock based on the sending
- the distance between the port and the second D2D terminal is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the sending port receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and adopts a zero calibration mode.
- the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the sending port receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, After the calibration mode is completed and the clock is synchronized with the second D2D terminal, the sending port uses the second regular CP subframe structure for information interaction during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the transmitting port uses the extended CP subframe during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. Structure for information interaction;
- the sending port detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the sending port and the second D2D terminal, correct the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using a distance calibration manner, After the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, the first D2D terminal adopts a first regular CP subframe structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe structure in the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the sending port detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and performs the correction of the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using the zero calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, the sending After the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization are completed, the port uses the extended CP subframe structure for information interaction;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts.
- the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of each data symbol It is 164Ts.
- the clock synchronization is re-completed according to the set period. If the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set duration, the synchronization level 2b is entered;
- the synchronization level 1 is entered, and the UTC authorization is re-acquired according to the set period. If the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set duration, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the data receiving window is used to blindly detect the pilot signal and data sent by the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network, when the synchronization level 3 is detected.
- the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal or when the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the subframe structure in the self-organizing mode and the third D2D outside the coverage of the cellular network are adopted.
- the terminal performs data transmission and reception, and assists the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 to adopt the distance calibration mode or the uplink clock synchronization calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the device, and enters the synchronization level 2, wherein the coverage of the cellular network exists.
- Synchronization level 1, synchronization level 2, synchronization level 3, and synchronization level 4, and the synchronization level 2a within the default cellular coverage of the device is equivalent to synchronization level 2 outside the coverage of the cellular network.
- a D2D terminal includes at least: a transceiver, a processor, and a memory;
- the processor is configured to determine that the D2D terminal is a first D2D terminal, establish downlink synchronization with the network side according to the D2D association system information sent by the received network side, and enter a synchronization level 2b; according to the received D2D association system
- the information determines that the cellular network has obtained the UTC timing of the Coordinated Universal Time, and the position measurement error of the cellular network is lower than the preset threshold, and the clock synchronization with the network side is completed by using the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronous calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the D2D terminal enters a synchronization level 2b, indicating that the D2D terminal can only receive data and cannot send data;
- the D2D terminal enters a synchronization level 2a, which indicates that the D2D terminal can receive data and can also transmit data.
- the processor determines that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant according to the received D2D association system information, and the location measurement error of the cellular network is lower than a preset threshold, the distance calibration method or the uplink synchronization calibration manner is used to complete the network.
- the clock synchronization on the side enters the synchronization level 2a, and the processor is specifically used to:
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the processor fails to obtain the uplink clock of the network side, further obtaining base station location information based on the D2D association system information, and then performing distance calibration on the network side based on the distance between the D2D terminal and the base station.
- the clock is synchronized and enters synchronization level 2a.
- the processor is further configured to: if the processor completes clock synchronization with the network side by using an uplink synchronization calibration manner, the processor adopts the first process during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. Performing information interaction by one of a regular CP subframe structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe structure;
- the processor completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration mode, the processor adopts a first regular CP subframe structure, a second conventional CP subframe structure, and a clock synchronization process and after clock synchronization is completed. Extending one of the CP sub-frame structures for information interaction;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts, the AGCT The length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, wherein the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164 Ts.
- the processor determines, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or determines that the cellular network does not obtain the UTC grant, then the method is adopted.
- the preset calibration mode is completed to synchronize with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enters the synchronization level 2a, and the processor is specifically configured to:
- the processor receives a dedicated pilot code sent by a second D2D terminal that is timed by UTC, determines a downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and is based on the first D2D terminal and the second D2D
- the distance between the terminals is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the processor obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D association system information, based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter synchronization.
- Level 2a the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter synchronization.
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the processor receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the Describe the distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, correct the downlink clock by using a distance calibration method, complete the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the processor receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC is detected, and adopts zero
- the calibration mode is completed in synchronization with the clock of the second D2D terminal, and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the processor is further configured to: if the processor receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, and completes clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal by using a distance calibration manner, After the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization are completed, the first D2D terminal uses the second regular CP subframe structure to perform information interaction;
- the processor performs clock synchronization with the network side by using a distance calibration method based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the first D2D terminal adopts the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. Extending the CP subframe structure for information interaction;
- the processor detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, using the distance calibration method to the second
- the downlink clock of the D2D terminal is corrected to complete clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, and the first D2D terminal adopts a first conventional CP subframe structure and a second regularity during clock synchronization and after clock synchronization is completed.
- One of a CP subframe structure and an extended CP subframe structure performs information interaction;
- the processor detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and completes the correction of the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using a zero calibration manner, completing the clock with the second D2D terminal.
- the first D2D terminal uses an extended CP subframe structure for information interaction during clock synchronization and after clock synchronization is completed;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, the AGCT The length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, where The AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the D2D terminal further comprises: after the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2a, re-completes clock synchronization according to a set period, and if the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set time period, the synchronization is entered. Level 2b; and,
- the D2D terminal After obtaining the UTC authorization, the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 1, and reacquires the UTC authorization according to the set period. If the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set time period, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the synchronization level 2a is directly entered or the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode. After that, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the D2D terminal further comprises: when the processor determines that the received pilot power of the base station is less than a preset value, and adopts a data reception window to blindly detect a third D2D terminal sent outside the coverage of the cellular network.
- the frequency signal and the data when the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 is detected, or when the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the sub-organization mode is used.
- the frame structure and the D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network perform data transmission and reception, and assist the synchronization of the third D2D terminal of the level 3 by using a distance calibration mode or an uplink clock synchronization calibration mode to complete clock synchronization with the first D2D terminal, and enter synchronization.
- Level 2 wherein there is a synchronization level 1, a synchronization level 2, a synchronization level 3, and a synchronization level 4 outside the coverage of the cellular network, and the synchronization level 2a in the default coverage of the first D2D terminal is equivalent to the coverage of the cellular network. Synchronization level 2 outside the range.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of clock adjustment in an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a radio frame in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a conventional CP subframe structure (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a conventional CP subframe structure (2) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an extended CP subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a clock synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another clock synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a D2D terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the device is divided into different synchronization levels according to the synchronization state of the devices in the D2D communication system, and the low-level D2D terminals are in a high-level state, in order to reduce the cost of the clock synchronization of the D2D terminal.
- the device (which can be a base station or other D2D terminal) completes clock synchronization as a reference.
- the synchronization level is defined as four levels for convenience of description, as described below, but is not limited to these descriptions:
- the base station supporting the vehicle networking communication obtains the whole network synchronization, and always has a GPS (Global Positioning System) clock source, and can obtain the Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) timing, so that the base station crystal oscillator has The stability is high and the transmission power is large, so the base station can provide a synchronization source with a large coverage and high stability of the terminal under the coverage of the cell, and the synchronization level of the base station is defined as level 0;
- GPS Global Positioning System
- UTC Universal Time Coordinated
- the synchronization level of the D2D terminal is defined as the synchronization level 1;
- the D2D terminal can perform timing compensation based on distance calibration or uplink synchronization calibration, and the D2D terminal can receive data and transmit data.
- the synchronization level of such a D2D terminal is defined as a synchronization level 2a;
- the D2D terminal cannot obtain the UTC grant, and temporarily cannot perform timing compensation based on the distance calibration or the uplink synchronization calibration, the D2D terminal can only receive data and cannot transmit data, and the synchronization level of the D2D terminal is defined as the synchronization level 2b.
- t2 is the synchronized uplink transmission clock
- the D2D terminal sends the uplink signal to the base station, and then receives the downlink signal fed back by the base station. Therefore, the difference between t2 and t1 is the sum of the transmission delays of the signal round-trip, and the D2D terminal pre-
- the above synchronization levels are, in descending order, synchronization level 0, synchronization level 1, synchronization level 2a, synchronization level 2b, and the synchronization level of one D2D terminal is determined by the highest synchronization level that can be obtained.
- a D2D terminal can obtain UTC timing, high-precision positioning information, or uplink synchronization with a base station, and the D2D terminal has a synchronization level of 1, and its transmission clock is UTC. The clock is decided.
- the synchronization accuracy of the D2D terminal with the synchronization level of 1 and the synchronization level of 2a is higher than that of the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b.
- the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2a based on the distance calibration is used for timing compensation.
- the synchronization accuracy can be controlled within the order of ⁇ s. Therefore, the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 and the synchronization level 2a can obtain higher time synchronization precision, and the security overhead can be greatly reduced with the assistance of the cellular, thereby enabling frequency division communication.
- the synchronization accuracy of the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b is lower than that of the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2a.
- the D2D terminal signal propagation delay of the synchronization level 2b within the cell coverage may be more than 3 ⁇ s.
- the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b can only receive data, and cannot pass the D2D chain. The road sends data.
- the network side when the clock synchronization is implemented in the vehicle network, the network side first needs to notify the terminal side of the D2D association system information in the broadcast message, where the D2D association system information includes at least the following content. : time-frequency resources carrying synchronization information, location information of the base station, current timing state of the cellular network (ie, whether UTC timing is obtained), and positioning accuracy (eg, an error of less than 1.5 meters).
- the timing state may be recorded by using 1 bit, and 1 or 0 respectively indicates whether UTC grant is received; and the positioning accuracy may also be recorded by 1 bit, and the location information broadcasted by the base station and the radio frequency unit of the base station are respectively indicated by 1 or 0.
- this threshold Lb can take 1.5 meters. If the cellular network determines that the current timing state and the positioning accuracy are not 11 (ie, the network side does not receive UTC timing and the position error is higher than 1.5 meters), it is necessary to indicate which kinds of synchronization modes the D2D terminal can enter into the synchronization level 2a.
- the subframe structure used by the D2D terminal to select different synchronization modes needs to be notified.
- three subframe structures are designed for different synchronization modes. They are called a regular CP (Cyclic Prefix) subframe structure (1), a regular CP subframe structure (2), and an extended CP subframe structure, respectively.
- Step 200 The first D2D terminal accessing the cellular network receives the D2D association system information sent by the network side, and establishes downlink synchronization with the network side, and enters the synchronization level 2b.
- the first D2D terminal entering the synchronization level 2b is defined as being able to receive data only and cannot transmit data, but the definition of the synchronization level 2b is not limited thereto, and can be widely defined as the synchronization accuracy does not meet certain requirements.
- the synchronization accuracy with respect to the synchronization level 2a is low.
- the first D2D terminal After starting up, the first D2D terminal first needs to detect whether there is a cellular network signal, and when it is determined that there is a cellular network signal, select a camped cell (same mechanism as the cellular network), and read the D2D association of the cellular network sent by the network side.
- System information, and downlink synchronization (obtaining downlink clock t1) is established through Downlink Pilot Time Slot (DwPTS) of the cellular network, and frequency synchronization is established through downlink pilot signals of the cellular network.
- DwPTS Downlink Pilot Time Slot
- the synchronization level of the first D2D terminal is 2b, and only downlink data can be received, and uplink data cannot be transmitted.
- the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b may first receive the downlink data based on the downlink clock, and establish a signal receiving window. Further, the receiving window may be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, tentative forward or backward adjustment. The time position of the receiving window.
- step 210 A D2D terminal determines, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or determines that the cellular network does not obtain the UTC grant, and then performs step 220.
- Step 210 If the first D2D terminal determines that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant according to the received D2D association system information, and the location measurement error of the cellular network is lower than the preset threshold, the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronization calibration manner is used to complete the network side.
- the clock is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the D2D terminal entering the synchronization level 2a is defined as being capable of receiving data, and also The data can be transmitted, but the definition of the synchronization level 2a is not limited thereto, and can be broadly defined as the synchronization accuracy satisfies a certain requirement, and the synchronization accuracy is higher than the synchronization level 2b.
- the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b can enter the synchronization level 2a by the following two methods:
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and the synchronization level 2a is entered. In this case, the position measurement error of the cellular network is not required to be low. At the preset threshold.
- Each terminal has an internal clock, and the downlink clock refers to a starting point of a subframe (with a duration of 1 ms) determined based on the received downlink downlink pilot signal, for example, in an LTE (Long Term Evolution) system.
- the length of the field is 5 ms, and the interval between the time when the network side transmits the downlink pilot signal and the starting point of the subframe is fixed. Therefore, the D2D terminal detects the downlink pilot signal to determine the subframe of the network side. Start position, thus completing the downlink synchronization.
- the time of the subframe in which the terminal side transmits the service data can be known, and the interval of the starting point of each subframe is also fixed.
- the uplink clock refers to the starting point of every 1 ms determined based on the uplink synchronization.
- the D2D terminal can perform the clock synchronization process and the flow after the clock synchronization is completed by using one of the conventional CP subframe structure (1), the normal CP subframe structure (2), and the extended CP subframe structure.
- the base station location information is further obtained based on the D2D association system information, and the first location is obtained according to the self-positioning result.
- Location information of a D2D terminal and according to the bits of both The information is used to calculate the distance from the first D2D terminal to the base station, and then the distance synchronization with the network side is completed based on the distance, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the clock t0 t1-Lbu/C of the terminal on the D2D link, where Lbu is the distance from the first D2D terminal to the base station, and C is the speed of light.
- the D2D terminal can perform the clock synchronization process and the flow after the clock synchronization is completed by using one of the conventional CP subframe structure (1), the normal CP subframe structure (2), and the extended CP subframe structure.
- the first D2D terminal cannot obtain its own location information, or the positioning accuracy of the base station does not meet the requirement (that is, the accurate location information of the base station cannot be obtained), the first D2D terminal cannot achieve uplink synchronization by using the distance calibration mode, and cannot The distance calibration method is used to enter the synchronization level 2a.
- Step 220 If the first D2D terminal determines, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or determines that the cellular network does not obtain the UTC grant, then the pre- The calibration mode is set to complete the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enter the synchronization level 2a.
- the first D2D terminal learns that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than the preset threshold, or determines that the cellular network does not obtain the UTC grant
- the following four manners may be adopted but not limited to the following: Synchronization level 2a is performed.
- the second D2D terminal that receives the UTC grant is received. Sending a dedicated pilot code, obtaining a downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and correcting the downlink clock by using a distance calibration manner based on a distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, The clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- a dedicated pilot code is added to the data transmitted by the second D2D terminal (ie, the synchronization level 1 D2D terminal) that obtains the UTC timing, such that the first D2D terminal that does not obtain the UTC timing (ie, the current synchronization level 2b D2D terminal) a second D2D terminal that can receive UTC grants (ie After the dedicated pilot code transmitted by the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 is determined, the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 (ie, the time of receiving the D2D signal of the synchronization level 1) is determined based on the pilot code, and then based on the two D2D terminals. The distance between the distances is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- Luu1 is the distance of the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b to the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1, which can be obtained by measurement, and tu1 is received by the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b.
- the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 is, and the distance from the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 to the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b is Luu1.
- the D2D terminal can perform the clock synchronization process and the process after the clock synchronization is completed by using the conventional CP subframe structure (2).
- the first D2D terminal learns that the cellular network does not obtain the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is lower than the preset threshold, if the first D2D terminal obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D associated system information, The distance between a D2D terminal and the base station is synchronized with the clock on the network side by using the distance calibration method or the uplink synchronous calibration mode, and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the base station since the base station does not obtain the UTC grant time, the accuracy is reduced relative to the UTC grant time, so a larger CP is required, and the first D2D terminal needs to adopt the extended CP subframe structure to perform the clock synchronization process and the clock. The process after the synchronization is completed.
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the first D2D terminal is based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station (because it is the synchronization level 2b
- the D2D terminal therefore, the first D2D terminal has completed downlink synchronization with the network side
- receives data transmitted by other D2D terminals and acquires data when detecting data transmitted by the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 authorized by UTC
- the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal is based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the distance from the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 to the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b is Luu1
- the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b can support after completing the clock synchronization.
- the D2D terminal needs to perform the clock synchronization process and the flow after the clock synchronization is completed by using one of the conventional CP subframe structure (1), the normal CP subframe structure (2), and the extended CP subframe structure.
- the first D2D terminal is based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station (due to the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b, therefore, the first D2D terminal has completed the downlink synchronization with the network side), and receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal,
- the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal is acquired, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the zero calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- Clock synchronization wherein tu1 is the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 received by the first D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2b.
- the correction of the downlink clock is performed by the distance calibration method or the uplink clock calibration method, and the correction value is zero.
- the clock synchronization accuracy is not high, so that the first D2D terminal needs to use an extended CP subframe structure for information interaction to determine the orthogonality of the transmitted and received signals.
- a dedicated message is required between the D2D terminals to indicate the synchronization level of the D2D terminal, and the dedicated message can be
- the control channel bearer can also be carried in the data channel.
- the clock synchronization needs to be re-completed according to the set period. If the clock synchronization is not completed within the set duration, the synchronization level 2b is entered.
- the D2D terminal within the coverage of the cellular network will immediately enter the synchronization level 1 after receiving the UTC grant, but if the UTC grant is not obtained within the set duration (eg, x1), then the entry is made. Synchronization level 2a.
- the D2D terminal entering the synchronization level 1 within the coverage of the cellular network can be notified by the network to send a synchronization message through a high layer message.
- the synchronization level 2a is directly entered or the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode. , enter the synchronization level 2a. And through the network configuration, you can directly enter the specific environment of the synchronization level 2a.
- the frame structure refers to the structure of the radio frame, which is used to constrain the transmission time parameter of the data to ensure the correct execution of data transmission and reception.
- a radio frame is composed of a broadcast subframe and a plurality of service subframes, wherein the broadcast subframe is mainly used for providing a frequency synchronization reference signal and transmitting by the base station.
- the service subframe is used to carry the security message sent by the D2D terminal.
- the length of the radio frame is also set to 100 ms. That is, subframe 0 is a broadcast subframe, and subframes 1 to 99 are service subframes.
- the LTE chip is multiplexed, and the length of each subframe is set to 1 ms.
- the radio frame length is 100 subframes.
- a certain terminal may be in three working modes: strict synchronization mode, discovery mode, and self-organizing mode, specifically:
- the D2D terminal belongs to the strict synchronization mode, and the D2D terminal in the strict synchronization mode is in the synchronization level 1 and the synchronization.
- Pd the preset receiving power threshold
- the D2D terminal belongs to the strict synchronization mode, and the D2D terminal in the strict synchronization mode is in the synchronization level 1 and the synchronization.
- the level 2a data is transmitted and received in accordance with a strictly synchronized subframe structure
- the synchronization level 2b data is received in accordance with a strictly synchronized subframe structure.
- Data transmission and reception with frequency division is supported in strict synchronization mode.
- the D2D terminal belongs to the discovery mode.
- the discovery mode terminal needs to receive strictly synchronized subframe structure data and self-organized subframe structure data at the same time.
- the data is transmitted using the self-organized subframe structure. Otherwise, the data is transmitted using the strictly synchronized subframe structure.
- the self-organized sub-frame structure is as shown in FIG. 4: each sub-frame contains 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, and the special symbol includes GP (Generic programming) and automatic Gain Control (Automatic Gain Control). Training, AGCT), when the AGCT code supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the AGCT is 1732 Ts (about 112.8 us), of which 50 us is used for AGC processing.
- the terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network only performs data transmission and reception using a self-organized subframe structure. If the D2D terminal does not detect the cellular network signal within a preset time, the self-organized synchronization mode is adopted.
- the specific synchronization method is:
- the D2D terminal synchronization level of the external coverage of the cellular network is divided into four levels, namely, synchronization level 1, synchronization level 2, synchronization level 3, and synchronization level 4.
- the D2D terminal sets a timer to perform conversion between synchronization levels by a preset threshold.
- the D2D terminal After obtaining the UTC grant time, the D2D terminal clears the timer x and restarts the timer for timing. When the timer x is less than the preset threshold value x1, the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 1;
- the D2D terminal entering the synchronization level 1 does not obtain the UTC grant when the preset threshold x1 reaches the time limit, then the timer is cleared, and the timer is restarted for timing.
- the timer x is less than the preset threshold x2. Time, the D2D terminal enters synchronization level 2,
- the terminal of the synchronization level 2 or the synchronization level 3 or the synchronization level 4 (synchronization level 4, that is, the out-of-synchronization state), if the signal of the synchronization level 1 is received and synchronized with it (here synchronization means that the reception clock of the synchronization level 1 will be received) Determined as its own transceiver timing clock), the timer is cleared, and the timer is restarted for timing.
- the timer x is less than the preset threshold x2, the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2
- the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 if there are D2D terminals of the synchronization levels 2 and 3, and the timing advance of the D2D terminal of the surrounding synchronization level 3 is 1 ⁇ s or more higher than the D2D terminal of the surrounding synchronization level 2, Then clear the timer, and restart the timer to time, when the timer x is less than the preset threshold x2, the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2;
- the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 2 does not obtain the synchronization with the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1 when the preset threshold value x2 reaches the time limit, and the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2,
- the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 4 (ie, the D2D terminal in the out-of-synchronization state) clears the timer, and starts the timer to perform timing.
- the preset threshold value x4 reaches the time limit, the synchronization level 3 is entered;
- the timer is cleared and the timer x is started for timely. If the D2D terminal does not receive the cellular network information, it is not synchronized with the D2D terminal of the synchronization level 1, 2 or 3, and the x is in the preset gate. Within the limit x4, the D2D terminal is in an out-of-synchronization state.
- CP subframe structure two types are designed according to the length of the Cyclic Prefix (CP).
- Basic subframe structure regular CP subframe (1) and regular CP subframe (2).
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the effective data portion length of each data symbol is 1024 Ts, and the special symbol includes GP and AGCT.
- the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT used for AGC processing is 636Ts.
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization.
- the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts (5.208 ⁇ s), and the remaining 11 data.
- the length of the symbol is 72Ts (4.6875 ⁇ s).
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 12 data symbols, and the effective data portion length of each data symbol is 1024 Ts, and the special symbol includes GP and
- the length of GP is 460Ts
- the length of AGCT is 1732Ts (112.8 ⁇ s).
- AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization.
- the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the remaining 10 data symbols.
- the length is 72Ts.
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, and the effective data portion length of each data symbol is 1024 Ts, and the special symbol includes GP and is used for AGC processing.
- the length of GP is 460Ts (30 ⁇ s)
- the length of AGC needs to be compressed to 41.9 ⁇ s
- the length of AGCT is 644Ts.
- AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- the length of each data symbol is 164Ts (10.68 ⁇ s).
- the clock synchronization mode of the D2D terminal in the coverage of the cellular network is described in detail.
- there are some D2D terminals outside the coverage of the cellular network so that D2D terminals within the coverage of the cellular network need to search for D2D terminals outside the coverage of the cellular network when certain conditions are met. To discover such D2D terminals and assist them in completing clock synchronization.
- the specific process is: when the first D2D terminal (synchronization level 1 or 2a) in the coverage of the cellular network determines that the pilot power of the received base station is less than a certain preset value (for example, Pd), not only needs to follow the general cellular network coverage.
- the mode of the internal D2D terminal receives the data of other D2D terminals within the coverage of the cellular network, and also needs to use the data receiving window to blindly detect the pilot signal transmitted by the D2D terminal (hereinafter referred to as the third D2D terminal) outside the coverage of the cellular network ( For example, the preamble), and detecting the data transmitted by it, when the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 is detected, the self-organizing mode is adopted.
- a certain preset value for example, Pd
- the sub-frame structure under the formula performs data transmission and reception with the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3, and assists the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 to complete the clock synchronization with the first D2D terminal by using the distance calibration method or the uplink clock synchronization calibration manner.
- the synchronization level 2a in the default coverage of the first D2D terminal is equivalent to the synchronization level 2 outside the coverage of the cellular network, and therefore, only the third level of the synchronization level 3 is assisted.
- the three D2D terminals can complete the clock synchronization.
- the first D2D terminal within the coverage of the cellular network uses a self-organized subframe structure for data transmission if a third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is found during the discovery process.
- the first D2D terminal of the synchronization levels 1 and 2a adds a synchronization pilot code to the transmitted data when the data is transmitted using the self-organized subframe structure, and the synchronization pilot code includes synchronization information indicating the synchronization level 2a, the cellular
- the third D2D terminal outside the network coverage regards the synchronization level 2a of the pilot code as the synchronization level 2, and the processing is mainly for reducing the processing complexity of the D2D terminal.
- the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network needs to work without the assistance of the base station because the downlink synchronous clock of the base station cannot be obtained.
- the security overhead is large, frequency division processing is not required, and only time division multiple access is used, so that the arrival time of the received signal can be calculated in real time, and the length of the GP between different third D2D terminals is large. Therefore, the requirements for clock synchronization accuracy are very low.
- the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network needs to increase the detection of the pilot code including the synchronization level 2a when detecting the pilot code, and equate the synchronization level 2a with the synchronization level 2 in order to reduce the D2D processing complexity.
- the D2D terminal includes a receiving unit 800, a first sending unit 810, and a second sending unit 820.
- the receiving unit 800 is configured to receive D2D association system information sent by the network side, and establish downlink synchronization with the network side, and enter synchronization level 2b;
- the first sending unit 810 is configured to determine, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC timing of the Coordinated Time, and the location measurement error of the cellular network is lower than the preset threshold, and the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronization calibration manner is used. Synchronize with the clock on the network side and enter synchronization level 2a;
- the second sending unit 820 is configured to determine, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or if the cellular network is determined not to obtain the UTC grant, the pre- Set the calibration mode to complete the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enter the synchronization level 2a.
- the synchronization level 2b is entered to indicate that the device is only capable of receiving data and is unable to transmit data; entering the synchronization level 2a, indicating that the device is capable of receiving data, and is also capable of transmitting data.
- the first sending unit 810 is specifically configured to:
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the clock synchronization with the network side, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the base station location information is further obtained based on the D2D associated system information, and then based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the distance calibration method is used to complete the network side.
- the clock is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the first sending unit 810 performs clock synchronization with the network side by using the uplink synchronization calibration mode, the first sending unit 810 adopts the first conventional CP subframe structure and the clock synchronization and clock synchronization. Performing information interaction between one of the two conventional CP subframe structures and the extended CP subframe structure;
- the first sending unit 810 completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration mode, the first sending unit 810 adopts the first regular CP subframe structure and the second regular CP subframe in the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, where , AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, wherein the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization.
- the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe contains 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 644Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization.
- Each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or, if the cellular network is determined not to receive the UTC grant, the preset calibration manner is adopted.
- the clock synchronization of the device that meets the preset condition with the synchronization level is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the second sending unit 820 is specifically configured to:
- the second sending unit 820 receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal that is timed by the UTC, determines the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and is based on the second sending unit 820 and the second D2D terminal. The distance between the two is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the second sending unit 820 obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D association system information, based on the distance between the second sending unit 820 and the base station, the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the clock synchronization with the network side, and the synchronization is entered.
- Level 2a the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the clock synchronization with the network side, and the synchronization is entered.
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the second sending unit 820 receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and is based on the second
- the distance between the sending unit 820 and the second D2D terminal is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the second sending unit 820 receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when the data transmitted by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC is detected, and adopts zero calibration.
- the mode completes synchronization with the clock of the second D2D terminal, and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the second sending unit 820 receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, and completes the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal by using the distance calibration mode, the second sending unit 820 during the clock synchronization process and the clock. After the synchronization is completed, the second regular CP subframe structure is used for information interaction;
- the second sending unit 820 completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration method based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the second sending unit 820 adopts the extended CP during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the second sending unit 820 detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the second sending unit 820 and the second D2D terminal, performs the distance calibration method on the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal. Correcting, after the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, the first D2D terminal adopts a first regular CP subframe structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe structure in the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. One of them performs information interaction;
- the second sending unit 820 detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, And performing the correction of the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using the zero calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, and then the second sending unit 820 adopts the extended CP subframe structure during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed. Perform information exchange;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, where , AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, wherein the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization.
- the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe contains 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 644Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization.
- Each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the clock synchronization is re-completed according to the set period. If the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set duration, the synchronization level 2b is entered;
- the synchronization level 1 is entered, and the UTC authorization is re-acquired according to the set period. If the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set duration, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the synchronization level 2a is directly entered or the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode. Enter sync level 2a.
- the data receiving window is used to blindly detect the pilot signal and data sent by the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network, when the synchronization level 3 is detected.
- the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal, or the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the subframe structure in the self-organizing mode and the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 are adopted.
- the clock synchronization with the device is completed, and the synchronization level 2 is entered, wherein the synchronization level 1, the synchronization level 2, the synchronization level 3, and the synchronization level 4 exist outside the coverage of the cellular network, and The synchronization level 2a within the default cellular coverage of the device is equivalent to the synchronization level 2 outside the coverage of the cellular network.
- the D2D terminal includes a receiving port 900 and a sending port 910, where:
- the receiving port 900 is configured to receive D2D association system information sent by the network side, and establish downlink synchronization with the network side, and enter synchronization level 2b;
- the sending port 910 is configured to determine, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC timing of the Coordinated Universal Time, and the location measurement error of the cellular network is lower than a preset threshold, and complete the network with the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode.
- the clock on the side is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a;
- the synchronization level 2b is entered to indicate that the device is only capable of receiving data and is unable to transmit data; entering the synchronization level 2a, indicating that the device is capable of receiving data, and is also capable of transmitting data.
- the cellular network has obtained UTC timing, and the location measurement error of the cellular network is lower than a preset threshold, and the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration manner is used to complete clock synchronization with the network side. Enter synchronization level 2a, and send port 910 specifically. Used for:
- the sending port 910 can obtain the uplink clock of the network side, the clock synchronization with the network side is completed by using the uplink synchronous calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the sending port 910 fails to obtain the uplink clock of the network side, the base station location information is further obtained based on the D2D associated system information, and then the distance synchronization between the first D2D terminal and the base station is used to complete the clock synchronization with the network side. Enter sync level 2a.
- the sending port 910 performs the clock synchronization with the network side in the uplink synchronous calibration mode
- the sending port 910 adopts the first regular CP subframe structure and the second regular CP sub-phase during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- One of a frame structure and an extended CP subframe structure performs information interaction;
- the transmitting port 910 adopts the first regular CP subframe structure, the second regular CP subframe structure, and the extended CP during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- One of the sub-frame structures performs information interaction;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, where , AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, wherein the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization.
- the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe contains 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 644Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization.
- Each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant according to the received D2D association system information, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or the cellular network is determined not to obtain UTC.
- the timing is given, the clock synchronization of the device that meets the preset condition with the synchronization level is completed by using the preset calibration mode, and the synchronization level 2a is entered, and the transmission port 910 is specifically used for:
- the sending port 910 receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal that is timed by the UTC, determines the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and uses the distance based on the distance between the sending port 910 and the second D2D terminal.
- the calibration mode corrects the downlink clock, completes synchronization with the clock of the second D2D terminal, and enters the synchronization level 2a;
- the sending port 910 obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D associated system information, based on the distance between the sending port 910 and the base station, the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronous calibration mode is used to complete the clock synchronization with the network side, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the sending port 910 receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the sending port 910 and The distance between the second D2D terminals is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the sending port 910 receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and completes the zero calibration mode. Synchronizing with the clock of the second D2D terminal, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the sending port 910 receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, and completes the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal by using the distance calibration mode, the sending port 910 is in the process of clock synchronization and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the sending port 910 is in the process of clock synchronization and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the transmitting port 910 performs the extended CP subframe structure after the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization is completed.
- the sending port 910 detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the sending port 910 and the second D2D terminal, correcting the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using the distance calibration manner, and completing The clock synchronization of the second D2D terminal, the first D2D terminal adopts one of a first conventional CP subframe structure, a second regular CP subframe structure, and an extended CP subframe structure during clock synchronization and after clock synchronization is completed. Perform information exchange;
- the sending port 910 detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and performs the correction of the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using the zero calibration mode to complete the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, the sending port 910 is After the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization are completed, the extended CP sub-frame structure is used for information interaction;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, where , AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, wherein the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization.
- the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe contains 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 644Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization.
- Each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the clock synchronization is re-completed according to the set period. If the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set duration, the synchronization level 2b is entered;
- the synchronization level 1 is entered, and the UTC authorization is re-acquired according to the set period. If the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set duration, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the data receiving window is used to blindly detect the pilot signal and data sent by the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network, when detecting When the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 is received, or when the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the subframe structure in the self-organizing mode and the coverage of the cellular network are adopted.
- the third D2D terminal performs data transmission and reception, and assists the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 to complete the clock synchronization with the first D2D terminal by using the distance calibration mode or the uplink clock synchronization calibration mode, and enters the synchronization level 2, wherein the cellular network There is a synchronization level 1, a synchronization level 2, a synchronization level 3, and a synchronization level 4 outside the coverage, and the synchronization level 2a in the device default cellular coverage is equivalent to the synchronization level 2 outside the coverage of the cellular network.
- the first D2D terminal accessing the cellular network receives the D2D association system information sent by the network side, establishes downlink synchronization with the network side, enters the synchronization level 2b, and determines that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant time and The position measurement error of the cellular network is lower than the preset threshold, and the distance calibration mode or the uplink synchronous calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, enter the synchronization level 2a, and determine that the cellular network has obtained the UTC timing, but the position measurement error of the cellular network Not less than the preset threshold, or determining that the cellular network is not UTC-granted, using a preset calibration method to complete the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and entering the synchronization level 2a, so that the network topology changes rapidly.
- the network scale is large, the overhead of clock synchronization of each D2D terminal can be reduced, and resource waste
- the embodiment of the present application provides a D2D terminal.
- the D2D terminal includes: a transceiver 1000, a processor 1002, and a memory 1004, and further includes a bus interface. 1006 and user interface 1008;
- the processor 1002 is configured to determine that the D2D terminal is a first D2D terminal, and establish downlink synchronization with the network side according to the received D2D association system information sent by the network side, and enter a synchronization level 2b;
- the preset calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization of the clock with the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enter the synchronization level 2a.
- the memory 1004 is configured to store one or more executable programs for configuring the processor 1002.
- the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 1002 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 1004.
- the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
- Transceiver 1000 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
- the processor 1002 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1004 can store data used by the processor 1002 in performing operations.
- Bus interface 1006 provides an interface.
- the user interface 1008 may also be an interface capable of externally connecting the required devices, including but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
- the D2D terminal enters a synchronization level 2b, indicating that the D2D terminal can only receive data and cannot send data;
- the D2D terminal enters a synchronization level 2a, which indicates that the D2D terminal can receive data and can also transmit data.
- the processor 1002 determines that the cellular network has obtained UTC timing according to the received D2D association system information, and the position measurement error of the cellular network is lower than a preset threshold, the distance calibration method or the uplink synchronization calibration method is used to complete and The clock synchronization on the network side enters the synchronization level 2a, and the processor 1002 is specifically configured to:
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the processor 1002 fails to obtain the uplink clock of the network side, the base station location information is further obtained based on the D2D association system information, and based on the distance between the D2D terminal and the base station, the distance calibration method is used to complete the network side.
- the clock is synchronized and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the processor 1002 is further configured to: if the processor 1002 completes clock synchronization with the network side by using an uplink synchronization calibration manner, the processor 1002 adopts a first regular CP subframe during clock synchronization and after clock synchronization is completed. Information interaction between the structure, the second regular CP subframe structure, and the extended CP subframe structure;
- the processor 1002 completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration mode, the processor 1002 adopts the first regular CP subframe structure, the second regular CP subframe structure, and the extended CP during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- One of the sub-frame structures performs information interaction;
- each subframe includes one special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, and the length of the GP is 460Ts.
- the length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts.
- the AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164 Ts.
- the processor 1002 determines, according to the received D2D association system information, that the cellular network has obtained the UTC grant, but the location measurement error of the cellular network is not lower than a preset threshold, or determines that the cellular network does not obtain the UTC grant, the pre-preparation is adopted.
- the calibration mode is set to complete the synchronization with the clock of the device whose synchronization level meets the preset condition, and enters the synchronization level 2a, and the processor 1002 is specifically configured to:
- the processor 1002 receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal that is timed by the UTC, determines the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal according to the dedicated pilot code, and is based on the first D2D terminal and The distance between the second D2D terminals is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the processor 1002 obtains the location information of the base station according to the D2D association system information, based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the distance synchronization mode or the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level. 2a;
- the uplink synchronization calibration mode is used to complete the synchronization with the network side clock, and enter the synchronization level 2a;
- the processor 1002 receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when detecting the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the The distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal is corrected by the distance calibration method, and the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed, and the synchronization level 2a is entered;
- the processor 1002 receives the data sent by the other D2D terminal based on the downlink synchronization established with the base station, and acquires the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal when the data transmitted by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC is detected, and adopts zero calibration.
- the mode completes synchronization with the clock of the second D2D terminal, and enters the synchronization level 2a.
- the processor 1002 is further configured to: if the processor 1002 receives the dedicated pilot code sent by the second D2D terminal, and completes clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal by using a distance calibration manner, After the clock synchronization process and the clock synchronization are completed, the first D2D terminal uses the second regular CP subframe structure to perform information interaction;
- the processor 1002 completes the clock synchronization with the network side by using the distance calibration method based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the base station, the first D2D terminal adopts an extension during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed.
- the CP subframe structure performs information interaction;
- the processor 1002 detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and based on the distance between the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, the second D2D is adopted in a distance calibration manner.
- the downlink clock of the terminal is corrected to complete clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal, and the first D2D terminal adopts a first regular CP subframe structure and a second regular CP during clock synchronization and after clock synchronization is completed.
- the processor 1002 detects the data sent by the second D2D terminal authorized by the UTC, and completes correcting the downlink clock of the second D2D terminal by using a zero calibration manner, completing clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal.
- the first D2D terminal uses the extended CP subframe structure to perform information interaction during the clock synchronization process and after the clock synchronization is completed;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 13 data symbols, and the special symbol includes a guard slot GP and an automatic gain control code AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, the AGCT The length of the AGCT is 636Ts, wherein the AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 11 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols, the special symbol includes GP and AGCT, the length of the GP is 460Ts, and the length of the AGCT is 1732Ts, where The AGCT supports time and frequency synchronization, the length of the first and eighth data symbols is 80Ts, and the length of the remaining 10 data symbols is 72Ts;
- each subframe includes 1 special symbol and 12 data symbols
- the special symbol includes GP and AGCT
- the length of the GP is 460Ts
- the length of the AGCT is 644Ts
- AGCT does not support time and frequency synchronization
- each data symbol has a length of 164Ts.
- the D2D terminal further comprises: after the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 2a, re-completes clock synchronization according to a set period, and if the clock synchronization is not completed within the first set time period, the synchronization is entered. Level 2b; and,
- the D2D terminal After obtaining the UTC authorization, the D2D terminal enters the synchronization level 1 and restarts according to the set period. Obtaining the UTC authorization, if the UTC authorization is not obtained within the second set duration, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the synchronization level 2a is directly entered or the clock synchronization with the second D2D terminal is completed by using the distance calibration mode. After that, the synchronization level 2a is entered.
- the D2D terminal further includes: when the processor 1002 determines that the received pilot power of the base station is less than a preset value, the data receiving window is used to blindly detect the pilot transmitted by the third D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network. Signal and data, when the pilot signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal of the synchronization level 3 is detected, or when the signal transmitted by the third D2D terminal other than the coverage of the cellular network is detected, the subframe in the self-organizing mode is adopted.
- the structure and the D2D terminal outside the coverage of the cellular network perform data transmission and reception, and assist the synchronization of the third D2D terminal of the level 3 by using a distance calibration mode or an uplink clock synchronization calibration mode to complete clock synchronization with the first D2D terminal, and enter a synchronization level.
- a synchronization level 1 a synchronization level 2, a synchronization level 3, and a synchronization level 4 outside the coverage of the cellular network
- the synchronization level 2a in the default coverage of the first D2D terminal is equivalent to the coverage of the cellular network. Synchronization level 2 outside.
- embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
- computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
- the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
- the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
- These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
- the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种时钟同步方法及装置,用以降低时钟同步开销,以及避免资源浪费。该方法为:接入蜂窝网络的第一D2D终端接收网络侧发送的D2D关联信息,与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b,确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步;确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,采用预设校准方式完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。这样,在网络拓扑快速变动,网络规模大的情况下,能够降低各D2D终端实现时钟同步的开销,避免了资源浪费。
Description
本申请要求在2014年9月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410458108.5、发明名称为“一种时钟同步方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及车联网技术,特别涉及一种时钟同步方法及装置。
D2D(Device-to-Device,设备到设备)通信系统是一种短距离通信业务,能够实现数据在终端间的直接传输。目前,D2D通信系统与蜂窝通信系统的结合,能够增加蜂窝通信系统的频谱效率,降低终端发射功率,缩短延时。车联网系统,是以车辆为基本信息单元,利用先进传感技术、信息采集技术、接入技术、传输技术、组网技术,对道路和交通进行全面感知,实现多个系统间大范围、大容量数据的交互,以提供交通效率和交通安全的网络与应用。车联网具有节点特性、移动特性以及数据流特性。其移动特性表现为网络拓扑变化快,节点移动速度快等特征。在终端高速移动过程中,可能会出现部分终端处于蜂窝覆盖下,部分终端处于蜂窝覆盖外,因此,蜂窝基站在进行D2D资源调度时,同步系统性能的降低,会直接导致通信质量的降低,甚至使通信系统不能工作。
现有技术中,蜂窝基站进行D2D资源调度场景下的时钟同步解决方案大致分为两类:分布式同步方案、集中式同步方案。
分布式同步方案是指每个终端都根据周围的终端的定时确定本终端的时钟。例如:系统中有A、B、C三个终端,每个终端占用一个时隙,A、B、C依次发送数据,首先,A发送数据,B在收到A信号后,以收到A信号的时钟为自己的发射时钟;C接收A和B信号,并以收到A和B信号的时钟均值
为自己的发射时钟;A接收B和C的信号,并以收到B和C信号的时钟均值为A的发射时钟,以此类推。
但是,每个终端在发送数据的时候,都需要发送具有同步指示功能的前导码,以便指示下一个终端的发射时钟,这样就导致了同步开销较大。
集中式同步方案是指:地理位置相近的终端形成一个终端簇,每个终端簇基于某个协议选择一个簇头,终端簇内的其他终端以簇头的时钟和频率为基准形成时钟源,终端簇内的其他终端发送信号的时钟由簇头的时钟源决定。
但是,在车联网环境下,网络规模大,每个簇头覆盖范围有限,而且网络拓扑变化快,这样必然会出现大量的簇头,且簇头与簇头间时钟容易不一致,导致终端间时钟无法同步,致使资源浪费。目前的技术还不能较优的进行簇头间时钟的协调。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种时钟同步方法及装置,用以降低时钟同步开销,以及避免资源浪费。
本发明实施例提供一种时钟同步方法,包括:
接入蜂窝网络的第一设备到设备D2D终端接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;
若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
这样,在网络拓扑快速变动,网络规模大的情况下,能够降低各D2D终
端实现时钟同步的开销,避免了资源浪费。
较佳地,第一D2D终端进入同步等级2b,表征所述第一D2D终端仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;
第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a,表征所述第一D2D终端能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,包括:
若第一D2D终端能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若第一D2D终端未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若第一D2D终端采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规循环前缀CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若第一D2D终端采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长
度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,包括:
第一D2D终端接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若第一D2D终端根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
第一D2D终端基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终
端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
第一D2D终端基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若第一D2D终端接收第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若第一D2D终端基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若第一D2D终端检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若第一D2D终端检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同
步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b;以及,
第一D2D终端获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,第一D2D终端进入同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,第一D2D终端确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与所述第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且第一D2D终端默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2,这样,可以降低D2D终端的处理复杂度。
一种时钟同步装置,包括:
接收单元,用于接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;
第一发送单元,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限时,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
第二发送单元,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限时,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
这样,在网络拓扑快速变动,网络规模大的情况下,能够降低各D2D终端实现时钟同步的开销,避免了资源浪费。
较佳地,所述装置进入同步等级2b,表征所述装置仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;
所述装置进入同步等级2a,表征所述装置能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述第一发送单元具体用于:
若所述第一发送单元能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述第一发送单元未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于所述时钟同步装置和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若所述第一发送单元采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规循环前缀CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若所述第一发送单元采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述第二发送单元具体用于:
所述第二发送单元接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述时钟同步装
置和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述第二发送单元根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于所述时钟同步装置和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
所述第二发送单元基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述时钟同步装置和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
所述第二发送单元基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若所述第二发送单元接收第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第二发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若所述第二发送单元基于所述时钟同步装置和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第二发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若所述第二发送单元检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述时钟同步装置和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若所述第二发送单元检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第二发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,进入同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b;以及,
获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,进入所述同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与所述装置的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述装置默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
一种时钟同步装置,包括:
接收端口,用于接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;
发送端口,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限时,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限时,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
这样,在网络拓扑快速变动,网络规模大的情况下,能够降低各D2D终端实现时钟同步的开销,避免了资源浪费。
较佳地,进入同步等级2b,表征本装置仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;进入同步等级2a,表征本装置能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,
并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述发送端口具体用于:
若所述发送端口能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述发送端口未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若所述发送端口采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述发送端口在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规循环前缀CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若所述发送端口采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述发送端口在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,
所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述发送端口具体用于:
所述发送端口接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述发送端口和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述发送端口根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于所述发送端口和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
所述发送端口基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述发送端口和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
所述发送端口基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若所述发送端口接收第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用
距离校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述发送端口在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若所述发送端口基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述发送端口在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若所述发送端口检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述发送端口和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若所述发送端口检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述发送端口在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度
为164Ts。
较佳地,进入同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b;以及,
获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与所述装置的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述装置默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
一种D2D终端,至少包括:收发信机、处理器、存储器;
所述处理器,用于确定所述D2D终端为第一D2D终端,根据接收的网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进入同步等级2b,表征所述D2D终端仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;
所述D2D终端进入同步等级2a,表征所述D2D终端能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,若所述处理器根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述处理器具体用于:
若所述处理器能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述处理器未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于D2D终端和所述基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述处理器还步用于:若所述处理器采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述处理器在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若所述处理器采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述处理器在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT
的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,若所述处理器根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述处理器具体用于:
所述处理器接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述处理器根据所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
所述处理器基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
所述处理器基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述处理器进一步用于:若所处理器接收所述第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若所述处理器基于所述第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若所述处理器检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若所述处理器检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进一步包括:所述D2D终端进入所述同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入所述同步等级2b;以及,
所述D2D终端获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入所述同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进入同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进一步包括:所述处理器确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步所述等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述第一D2D终端默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
图1为本发明实施例中时钟调整示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中D2D终端同步流程;
图3为本发明实施例中无线帧结构图;
图4为现有技术中自组织子帧结构图;
图5为本发明实施例中常规CP子帧结构(1)结构图;
图6为本发明实施例中常规CP子帧结构(2)结构图;
图7为本发明实施例中扩展CP子帧结构结构图;
图8为本发明实施例中一种时钟同步装置结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例中另一种时钟同步装置结构示意图;
图10为本发明实施例中一种D2D终端结构示意图。
为了降低D2D终端实现时钟同步的开销,以及避免资源浪费,本发明实施例中,根据D2D通信系统中的设备的同步状态将设备划分为不同的同步等级,并指示低等级的D2D终端以高等级的设备(可以是基站,也可以是其他D2D终端)为基准完成时钟同步。
下面以车联网系统为例,结合附图对本发明优选的实施方式进行详细说明。
当D2D终端处于蜂窝网络覆盖内时,为方便描述,将同步等级定义为四个等级,如下所述,但并不局限于这几种描述方式:
假设支持车联网通信的基站获得了全网同步,并且始终有GPS(Global Positioning System,全球定位系统)时钟源,可以获得世界协调时间(Universal Time Coordinated,UTC)授时,这样,由于基站的晶振具有稳定度高且发射功率大的特点,所以基站可以给蜂窝覆盖下的终端提供一个覆盖范围大、稳定度高的时钟和频率的同步源,将基站的同步等级定义为等级0;
假设D2D终端可以获得UTC授时,将这种D2D终端的同步等级定义为同步等级1;
假设D2D终端无法获得UTC授时,但是能够获得高精度定位信息或者与基站建立上行同步,D2D终端可基于距离校准或者上行同步校准进行定时补偿,该D2D终端既可以接收数据,也可以发送数据,将这种D2D终端的同步等级定义为同步等级2a;
假设D2D终端无法获得UTC授时,且暂时不能够基于距离校准或者上行同步校准进行定时补偿,该D2D终端只可以接收数据,不可以发送数据,将这种D2D终端的同步等级定义为同步等级2b。
上述D2D终端进行定时校准以实现时钟同步的具体过程如下:
参阅图1所示,D2D终端接收基站信号的时钟为t1;可定位的D2D终端估计其到基站的距离为d;C是光速;D2D终端的校正时钟为t0;D2D终端预测的信号时延为τ1,即t0=t1-τ1,其中,t1为D2D终端所计算的接收信号的时间。
若D2D终端无法获得UTC授时,但是能够获得高精度定位信息,那么,D2D终端可基于距离校准进行定时补偿以完成时钟同步,τ1=d/C,即,t0=t1-d/C;
若D2D终端无法获得UTC授时,也无法获得高精度的定位信息,但是可以与基站进行上行同步,那么,D2D终端可基于上行同步进行定时补偿以完成时钟同步,τ1=(t2-t1)/2,其中,t2为同步后的上行发送时钟,D2D终端向基站发送上行信号后,再接收基站反馈的下行信号,所以,t2与t1之差为信号往返的传输时延之和,则D2D终端预设的单程信号时延τ1就可计算为传输时延之和的一半,即,t0=t1-(t2-t1)/2。
上述同步等级由高到低依次为同步等级0、同步等级1、同步等级2a、同步等级2b,一个D2D终端的同步等级由其所能获得的最高同步等级确定。例如,一个D2D终端既可以获得UTC授时,也可以获得高精度定位信息或者与基站建立上行同步,那么该D2D终端的同步等级为1,其发射时钟由UTC
时钟决定。
同步等级为1及同步等级为2a的D2D终端的同步精度要高于同步等级2b的D2D终端的同步精度。
假定D2D终端最终的水平定位精度的误差可以控制在1.5米以内,并且基站的GPS接收和射频端的距离的误差也可以控制在1.5米以内,则基于距离校准做定时补偿的同步等级2a的D2D终端的同步精度可以控制在μs数量级之内。所以同步等级1、同步等级2a的D2D终端能够获得较高的时间同步精度,且安全开销在蜂窝的协助下能够较大的降低,从而能实现频分通信。
然而,同步等级2b的D2D终端的同步精度比同步等级2a的D2D终端的同步精度低。例如,小区覆盖半径在900m以上时,在小区覆盖范围内的同步等级2b的D2D终端信号传播时延会在3μs以上,此时,同步等级2b的D2D终端仅可以接收数据,不可以通过D2D链路发送数据。
基于上述同步等级的定义,本发明实施例中,在车联网内实现时钟同步时,网络侧首先需要在广播消息中向终端侧通知D2D关联系统信息,其中,D2D关联系统信息中至少包含以下内容:承载同步信息的时频资源、基站的位置信息、蜂窝网当前的定时状态(即是否得到UTC授时),以及定位精度(如,误差在1.5米以下)。可选的,定时状态可以采用1比特记录,用1或0分别指示是否接收到了UTC授时;而定位精度也可以采用1比特记录,用1或0分别指示基站广播的位置信息与基站射频单元的实际位置之间的距离差(即定位误差)是否小于某个门限值(如,这个门限值Lb可取1.5米)。如果蜂窝网确定当前的定时状态和定位精度为非11(即网络侧未得到UTC授时且位置误差高于1.5米),则需要指示D2D终端可以通过哪几种同步方式进入同步等级2a,
进一步的,在广播消息中还需要通知D2D终端在选择不同同步方式时所采用的子帧结构,本实施例中,针对不同的同步方式共设计了三种子帧结构。分别称为常规CP(Cyclic Prefix,循环前缀)子帧结构(1)、常规CP子帧结构(2)和扩展CP子帧结构。
后续实施例中将给出这三种子帧结构的具体设计方式,此处仅给出子帧结构名称,以便于后续实施例的描述。
参阅图2所示,本发明实施例中,D2D终端实现时钟同步的具体流程如下:
步骤200:接入蜂窝网络的第一D2D终端接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b。
本发明实施例中,将进入同步等级2b的第一D2D终端定义为仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据,但同步等级2b的定义不局限于此,可广泛定义为同步精度未满足一定要求,相对于同步等级2a的同步精度低。
开机启动后,第一D2D终端首先需要检测是否有蜂窝网络信号,确定存在蜂窝网络信号时,选择驻留的小区(同蜂窝网现有机制),读取网络侧发送的该蜂窝网络的D2D关联系统信息,并通过蜂窝网的下行导频信息(Downlink Pilot Time Slot,DwPTS)建立下行同步(获得下行时钟t1),以及通过蜂窝网的下行导频信号建立频率同步。此时,第一D2D终端的同步等级是2b,只能进行下行数据的接收而不能进行上行数据的发送。
同步等级2b的第一D2D终端可先基于下行时钟,建立信号的接收窗进行下行数据的接收,进一步地,还可以根据实际需求对接收窗进行调整,如,尝试性的向前或向后调整接收窗的时间位置。
下面以第一D2D终端获得UTC授时的情况以及蜂窝网络位置测量的误差分情况进行讨论:若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,则执行步骤210;若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则执行步骤220。
步骤210:若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
本发明实施例中,进入同步等级2a的D2D终端定义为能够接收数据,也
能够发送数据,但同步等级2a的定义不局限于此,可广泛定义为同步精度满足一定要求,相比同步等级2b的同步精度高。
当蜂窝网络获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,同步等级2b的第一D2D终端可通过以下2种方式进入同步等级2a:
(1)若第一D2D终端能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,此种情况下,也可不要求蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限。
具体的,第一D2D终端如果能够实现与网络侧的上行同步,那么就能够获得上行时钟t2,终端在D2D链路上的发送时钟t0=(t1+t2)/2,即t0=t1-(t2-t1)/2,第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a。
每个终端都有一个内部的时钟,下行时钟是指基于接收到的网络下行导频信号所确定的子帧(时长为1ms)的起始点,例如,在LTE(LongTerm Evolution,长期演进)系统中,半帧长度是5ms,网络侧每次发送下行导频信号的时间与子帧的起始点的间隔是固定的,因此,D2D终端检测到下行导频信号即可以确定网络侧的子帧的起始点位置,从而完成下行同步。
同样,当第一D2D终端完成上行同步后,就能够获知终端侧发送业务数据的子帧的时间,每个子帧的起始点的间隔也是固定的。上行时钟就是指基于上行同步确定的每1ms的起始点。
终端在D2D链路上的时钟t0定义为发送D2D数据时的子帧的起始点,令t0=(t1+t2)/2,即t0=t1-(t2-t1)/2。
在此种情况下,D2D终端可以采用常规CP子帧结构(1)、常规CP子帧结构(2)和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种执行时钟同步流程及时钟同步完成后的流程。
(2)若第一D2D终端未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则进一步基于D2D关联系统信息获取基站位置信息,以及根据自定位结果获得该第一D2D终端的位置信息,并根据两者的位
置信息计算该第一D2D终端到基站的距离,再基于该距离采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
终端在D2D链路上的时钟t0=t1-Lbu/C,其中Lbu是第一D2D终端到基站的距离,C是光速。
在此种情况下,D2D终端可以采用常规CP子帧结构(1)、常规CP子帧结构(2)和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种执行时钟同步流程及时钟同步完成后的流程。
进一步的,当第一D2D终端无法获得自身的位置信息,或者,基站的定位精度没有达到要求(即无法获得基站准确的位置信息),则第一D2D终端无法通过距离校准方式实现上行同步,无法采用距离校准方式进入同步等级2a。
步骤220:若第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
具体的,当第一D2D终端获知蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,可以采用但不限于以下4种方式进行同步等级2a。
(1)当第一D2D终端获知蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据该专用导频码获得第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
在获得UTC授时的第二D2D终端(即同步等级1的D2D终端)所发送的数据中加入专用导频码,这样,未获得UTC授时的第一D2D终端(即当前的同步等级2b的D2D终端)可以在接收到UTC授时的第二D2D终端(即
同步等级1的D2D终端)发送的专用导频码后,基于导频码确定同步等级1的第二D2D终端的下行时钟(即接收同步等级1的D2D信号的时间),再基于两个D2D终端之间的距离采用距离校准方式对下行时钟进行修正,即可完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
例如,t0=tu1-Luu1/C,Luu1是同步等级2b的第一D2D终端到同步等级1的第二D2D终端的距离,可以通过测量获得,tu1是同步等级2b的第一D2D终端接收到的同步等级1的第二D2D终端的下行时钟,该同步等级1的第二D2D终端到该同步等级2b的第一D2D终端距离为Luu1。
在此种情况下,D2D终端可以采用常规CP子帧结构(2)执行时钟同步流程及时钟同步完成后的流程。
(2)当第一D2D终端获知蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限时,若第一D2D终端根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
具体地,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步时,采用公式t0=t1-Lbu/C,Lbu为第一D2D终端与基站之间的距离,C为光速。
或者,也可以采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,由于第一D2D终端可根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,即第一D2D终端与基站的位置是准确的,那么就可以基于位置计算出信号传播时延,进而可以推算出上行发送时间,则在这种情况下,就可采用公式t0=(t1+t2)/2,其中,t1为下行时钟,t2为上行时钟。
在此种情况下,由于基站未获得UTC授时,因此,精度相对于获得UTC授时有所下降,所以需要更大的CP,第一D2D终端需要采用扩展CP子帧结构来执行时钟同步流程及时钟同步完成后的流程。
(3)当蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限时,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
(4)第一D2D终端基于与基站建立的下行同步(由于是同步等级2b的
D2D终端,因此,第一D2D终端已完成了与网络侧的下行同步),接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的同步等级1的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
具体地,第一D2D终端与基站完成下行同步后,采用初始的接收窗检测其他D2D终端发送的数据,当确定检测到同步等级1的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,采用公式t0=tu1-Luu1/C完成时钟同步,其中,Luu1是同步等级2b的第一D2D终端到同步等级1的第二D2D终端的距离,可以通过测量获得,tu1是同步等级2b的第一D2D终端接收到的同步等级1的第二D2D终端的下行时钟,该同步等级1的第二D2D终端到该同步等级2b的第一D2D终端距离为Luu1,上述同步等级2b的第一D2D终端在完成时钟同步后可支持频分通信。
在此种情况下,D2D终端需要采用常规CP子帧结构(1)、常规CP子帧结构(2)和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种来执行时钟同步流程及时钟同步完成后的流程。
(5)第一D2D终端基于与基站建立的下行同步(由于是同步等级2b的D2D终端,因此,第一D2D终端已完成了与网络侧的下行同步),接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的同步等级1的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
具体地,第一D2D终端与基站完成下行同步后,采用初始的接收窗检测其他D2D终端发送的数据,当确定检测到同步等级1的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,采用公式t0=tu1完成时钟同步,其中,tu1是同步等级2b的第一D2D终端接收到的同步等级1的第二D2D终端的下行时钟。此种情况下,也可以视为采用距离校准方式或上行时钟校准方式进行下行时钟的修正,且修正值为零。
在此种情况下,由于未采用任何修正值,因此,时钟同步精度不高,从而第一D2D终端需采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互,以确定收发信号的正交性。
进一步地,在上述各同步流程中,若D2D终端使用常规CP子帧结构(2),则可以在子帧中通过不同的导频码来标识不同的同步等级。
另一方面,当蜂窝网络未获得UTC授权时,在执行上述(1)-(5)的时钟同步流程时,D2D终端之间需要采用专用消息来指示D2D终端的同步等级,该专用消息可以在控制信道承载,也可在数据信道中承载。
第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a后,需要按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b。
具体为,第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a后,需要按照周期(100ms)的间隔对t0进行更新,即定期重新执行时钟同步流程,如果,N秒(如,N=1)内,第一D2D终端无法完成对t0的更新,则进入同步等级2b。
相应的,蜂窝网络覆盖范围内的D2D终端(同步等级2a、2b)获得UTC授时后,会立即进入同步等级1,但如果设定时长内(如,x1)内没有再次获得UTC授时,则进入同步等级2a。
此外,蜂窝网络覆盖范围内进入同步等级1的D2D终端,网络可以通过高层消息通知其发送同步消息。
具体地,第一D2D终端进入同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。并且通过网络配置可以直接进入同步等级2a的具体环境。
下面结合附图对本发明实施例中采用的帧结构的具体设计方式给出说明。
帧结构是指无线帧的结构,用于约束数据的发送时间参数以保证数据收发的正确执行。车联网D2D系统中,一个无线帧是由一个广播子帧和若干业务子帧构成的,其中广播子帧主要是用于基站提供频率同步参考信号和发送
一些系统级的广播消息,业务子帧用于承载D2D终端所发送的安全消息。
由于车联网中的安全业务的发送周期为100ms,所以将无线帧的长度也设定为100ms。即子帧0为广播子帧,子帧1到99为业务子帧。为了尽可能的与LTE保持一致,复用LTE的芯片,每个子帧的长度都设定为1ms。
参阅附图3所示,为无线帧结构,无线帧长度为100子帧。
在蜂窝辅助的系统中,某一个终端可能处于3种工作模式:严格同步模式、发现模式、自组织模式,具体为:
蜂窝网络覆盖下,且蜂窝的导频接收功率大于或等于Pd(即预设的接收功率门限值)时,D2D终端属于严格同步模式,严格同步模式下的D2D终端,在同步等级1和同步等级2a时,按照严格同步的子帧结构进行数据的收发;在同步等级2b时,按照严格同步的子帧结构进行数据的接收。严格同步模式下支持频分的数据收发。
蜂窝网络覆盖下,且蜂窝的导频接收功率小于Pd时,D2D终端属于发现模式。发现模式的终端需要同时接收严格同步的子帧结构数据和自组织的子帧结构数据。发现模式下且同步等级为1或2a的D2D终端接收到同步等级2a外的导频码时,采用自组织的子帧结构进行数据的发送,否则,采用严格同步的子帧结构进行数据的发送。其中,自组织的子帧结构如附图4所示:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP(Generic programming,类属编程)和自动增益控制码(Automatic Gain Control Training,AGCT),当AGCT码支持时间和频率同步时,AGCT的长度为1732Ts(约112.8us),其中50us的时间用于AGC处理。
蜂窝网络覆盖外的终端仅进行采用自组织的子帧结构进行数据收发,如果D2D终端在预设时间内未检测到蜂窝网络信号,则采用自组织的同步方式。具体同步方法为:
将蜂窝网覆盖范围外存的D2D终端同步等级分为4个等级,即同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4。D2D终端设置计时器,通过预设门限值进行同步等级间的转换。
D2D终端在获得UTC授时后,对计时器x进行清零,并重启计时器进行计时,在计时器x小于预设门限值x1的时间内,D2D终端进入同步等级1;
进入同步等级1的D2D终端,在预设门限值x1到达时限时仍未获得UTC授时,则将定时器清零,并重启计时器进行计时,在计时器x小于预设门限值x2的时间内,D2D终端进入同步等级2,
或者,
同步等级2或同步等级3或同步等级4(同步等级4即失步状态)的终端,如果接收到同步等级1的信号并与之同步(此处同步是指将接收到同步等级1的接收时钟确定为自身的收发定时时钟),则将定时器清零,并重启计时器进行计时,在计时器x小于预设门限值x2的时间内,D2D终端进入同步等级2,
或者,
同步等级3的D2D终端,如果周围存在同步等级2和3的D2D终端,并且该周围的同步等级3的D2D终端的定时提前量比该周围的同步等级2的D2D终端要高出1μs及以上,则将定时器清零,并重启计时器进行计时,在计时器x小于预设门限值x2的时间内,D2D终端进入同步等级2;
同步等级2的D2D终端,在预设门限值x2到达时限时仍未获得与同步等级1的D2D终端同步,则D2D终端进入同步等级2,
或者,
同步等级4的D2D终端(即处于失步状态的D2D终端)将计时器清零,并启动计时器进行计时,在预设门限值x4达到时限时,进入同步等级3;
D2D终端开机后,将计时器清零,并启动定时器x进行及时,若D2D终端没有收到蜂窝网络信息,也没有与同步等级1、2或3的D2D终端保持同步,x在预设门限值x4内,D2D终端处于失步状态。
上述D2D终端再同步等级1、同步等级2和同步等级3时,可进行业务数据的发送与接收。
下面将给出严格同步帧结构的设计。
在子帧结构设计中,根据循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix,CP)的长短设计两类
基本的子帧结构:常规CP子帧(1)和常规CP子帧(2)。
参阅图5所示,常规CP子帧(1)结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,每个数据符号的有效数据部长度是1024个Ts,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,用于AGC处理的AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts(5.208μs),其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts(4.6875μs)。
参阅图6所示,常规CP子帧(2)结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,每个数据符号的有效数据部长度是1024个Ts,特殊符号包含GP和用于AGC处理的AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为1732Ts(112.8μs),其中,AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts。
参阅图7所示,扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,每个数据符号的有效数据部长度是1024个Ts,特殊符号包含GP和用于AGC处理的AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts(30μs),AGC的长度需要压缩至41.9μs,AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts(10.68μs)。
在上述实施例中,对蜂窝网络覆盖范围内的D2D终端的时钟同步方式进行了详细介绍。而实际应用中,在蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外还存在一些D2D终端,这样,蜂窝网络覆盖范围之内的D2D终端在满足一定条件时,还需要对蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的D2D终端进行搜索,以发现此类D2D终端并协助其完成时钟同步。
具体过程为:蜂窝网覆盖范围内的第一D2D终端(同步等级1或2a)确定接收的基站的导频功率小于某一预设值时(如,Pd),不但需要按照一般蜂窝网络覆盖范围内D2D终端的模式接收蜂窝网络覆盖范围内的其他D2D终端的数据,还需要采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的D2D终端(后续称为第三D2D终端)发送的导频信号(如,前导码),并检测其发送的数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号后,采用自组织模
式下的子帧结构与同步等级3的第三D2D终端进行数据收发,并协助此类同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1(即获得UTC授权)、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4(即失步状态),各D2D终端同步等级的确定同现有自组网中所描述的方法,而第一D2D终端默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2,因此,只需协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端完成时钟同步即可。
在上述具体过程的一种替代方式中,在协助此类同步等级3的第三D2D终端完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步后,进一步地,若辅助等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式完整与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,则进入同步等级2。其余步骤与上述具体实现过程一致,在此不再赘述。
蜂窝网络覆盖内的第一D2D终端(同步等级1或2a)如果在发现过程中发现了蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端,则采用自组织的子帧结构进行数据的发送。同步等级1和2a的第一D2D终端在使用自组织的子帧结构进行数据的发送时,在所发送的数据中加入同步导频码,该同步导频码包含同步信息指示同步等级2a,蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端将该导频码的同步等级2a视作同步等级2,这样处理主要是为了降低D2D终端的处理复杂度。
总之,处于蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端由于无法获得基站的下行同步时钟,则需要在无基站辅助下的进行工作。在这种情况下,由于安全开销较大,不需要进行频分处理,只采用时分多址接入,这样就可以实时计算接收信号的到达时间,且不同第三D2D终端间GP的长度较大,因此对时钟同步精度的要求很低。处于蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端在检测导频码时需要增加对包含同步等级2a的导频码的检测,并且将同步等级2a等同于同步等级2,以便降低D2D处理复杂度。
基于上述实施例,参阅图8所示,本发明实施例中,D2D终端包括接收单元800、第一发送单元810和第二发送单元820。
接收单元800,用于接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;
第一发送单元810,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
第二发送单元820,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,进入同步等级2b,表征本装置仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;进入同步等级2a,表征本装置能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述第一发送单元810具体用于:
若第一发送单元810能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若第一发送单元810未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若第一发送单元810采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则第一发送单元810在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若第一发送单元810采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则第一发送单元810在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,第二发送单元820具体用于:
第二发送单元820接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第二发送单元820和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若第二发送单元820根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于第二发送单元820和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
第二发送单元820基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第二发送单元820和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
第二发送单元820基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若第二发送单元820接收第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第二发送单元820在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若第二发送单元820基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则第二发送单元820在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若第二发送单元820检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于第二发送单元820和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若第二发送单元820检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,
并采用零校准方式完成对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第二发送单元820在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,进入同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b;以及,
获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,进入所述同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与同步等级3的第三D2D终端进行数据收发,并协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端
采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与本装置的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且装置默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
在上述具体过程的一种替代方式中,在协助此类同步等级3的第三D2D终端完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步后,进一步地,若辅助等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式完整与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,则进入同步等级2。其余步骤与上述具体实现过程一致,在此不再赘述。
基于上述实施例,参阅图9所示,本发明实施例中,D2D终端包括接收端口900和发送端口910,其中:
接收端口900,用于接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;
发送端口910,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限时,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,用于根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限时,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
这样,在网络拓扑快速变动,网络规模大的情况下,能够降低各D2D终端实现时钟同步的开销,避免了资源浪费。
较佳地,进入同步等级2b,表征本装置仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;进入同步等级2a,表征本装置能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,发送端口910具体
用于:
若发送端口910能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若发送端口910未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若发送端口910采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则发送端口910在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若发送端口910采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则发送端口910在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC
授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,发送端口910具体用于:
发送端口910接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据专用导频码确定第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于发送端口910和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若发送端口910根据D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于发送端口910和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
发送端口910基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于发送端口910和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
发送端口910基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,若发送端口910接收第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则发送端口910在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若发送端口910基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则发送端口910在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若发送端口910检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于发送端口910和第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若发送端口910检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则发送端口910在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,GP的长度为460Ts,AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,进入同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b;以及,
获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测
到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的第三D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且装置默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
综上所述,本发明实施例中,接入蜂窝网络的第一D2D终端接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b,确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,以及确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,这样,在网络拓扑快速变动,网络规模大的情况下,能够降低各D2D终端实现时钟同步的开销,避免了资源浪费。
基于上述实施例提供的时钟同步方法和装置,本申请实施例提供了一种D2D终端,如图10所示,该D2D终端包括:收发信机1000、处理器1002和存储器1004,还包括总线接口1006和用户接口1008;
处理器1002,用于确定所述D2D终端为第一D2D终端,根据接收的网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;
根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC
授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
存储器1004,用于存储一个或多个可执行程序,被用于配置处理器1002。
其中,在图10中,总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥,具体由处理器1002代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器1004代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本文不再对其进行进一步描述。收发信机1000可以是多个元件,即包括发送机和接收机,提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器1002负责管理总线架构和通常的处理,存储器1004可以存储处理器1002在执行操作时所使用的数据。总线接口1006提供接口。针对不同的用户设备,用户接口1008还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口,连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进入同步等级2b,表征所述D2D终端仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;
所述D2D终端进入同步等级2a,表征所述D2D终端能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
较佳地,若所述处理器1002根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述处理器1002具体用于:
若处理器1002能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若所述处理器1002未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于D2D终端和所述基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,处理器1002进一步用于:若处理器1002采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则处理器1002在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若处理器1002采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则处理器1002在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
其中,
所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,若处理器1002根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,处理器1002具体用于:
处理器1002接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第一D2D终端和
所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若处理器1002根据所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
处理器1002基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;
或者,
处理器1002基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,处理器1002进一步用于:若所处理器1002接收所述第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若处理器1002基于所述第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
若处理器1002检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;
若处理器1002检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;
其中,
第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;
扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进一步包括:所述D2D终端进入所述同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入所述同步等级2b;以及,
所述D2D终端获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新
获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入所述同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进入同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
较佳地,所述D2D终端进一步包括:处理器1002确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步所述等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述第一D2D终端默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
在上述具体过程的一种替代方式中,在协助此类同步等级3的第三D2D终端完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步后,进一步地,若辅助等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式完整与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,则进入同步等级2。其余步骤与上述具体实现过程一致,在此不再赘述。
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程
和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (27)
- 一种时钟同步方法,其特征在于,包括:接入蜂窝网络的第一设备到设备D2D终端接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;若所述第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述第一D2D终端根据接收的D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一D2D终端进入同步等级2b,表征所述第一D2D终端仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;所述第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a,表征所述第一D2D终端能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,包括:若所述第一D2D终端能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述第一D2D终端未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于所述第一D2D终端和所述基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:若所述第一D2D终端采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规循环前缀CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;若所述第一D2D终端采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;其中,所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,包括:所述第一D2D终端接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时 钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述第一D2D终端根据所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于所述第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,所述第一D2D终端基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,所述第一D2D终端基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:若所述第一D2D终端接收所述第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;若所述第一D2D终端基于所述第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;若所述第一D2D终端检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;若所述第一D2D终端检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;其中,所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
- 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:所述第一D2D终端进入同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入同步等级2b;以及,所述第一D2D终端获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:所述第一D2D终端进入同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:所述第一D2D终端确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据;当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与所述第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述第一D2D终端默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
- 一种时钟同步装置,其特征在于,包括:接收单元,用于接收网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,并与网络侧建立下行同步,令所述装置进入同步等级2b;第一发送单元,用于根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限时,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,令所述装置进入同步等级2a;或者,第二发送单元,用于根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已 获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限时,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,令所述装置进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,包括:所述装置进入同步等级2b,表征所述装置仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;所述装置进入同步等级2a,表征所述装置能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
- 如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,则采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a时,所述第一发送单元具体用于:若所述第一发送单元能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述第一发送单元未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于所述时钟同步装置和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,进一步包括:若所述第一发送单元采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规循环前缀CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;若所述第一发送单元采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;其中,所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
- 如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时,则采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a时,所述第二发送单元具体用于:所述第二发送单元接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述时钟同步装置和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述第二发送单元根据所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于所述时钟同步装置和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,所述第二发送单元基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述时钟同步装置和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,所述第二发送单元基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求14所述的装置,其特征在于,进一步包括:若所述第二发送单元接收所述第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第二发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;若所述第二发送单元基于所述时钟同步装置和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第二发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;若所述第二发送单元检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述时钟同步装置和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;若所述第二发送单元检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第二发送单元在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;其中,所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
- 如权利要求10-15任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,进一步包括:进入所述同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入所述同步等级2b;以及,获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入所述同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求10-15任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括:进入所述同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求10-15任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,进一步包括:确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的终端进行数据的收发,并协助所述同步等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与所述装置的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述装置默认蜂窝网覆盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
- 一种D2D终端,其特征在于,至少包括:收发信机、处理器、存储器;所述处理器,用于确定所述D2D终端为第一D2D终端,根据接收的网络侧发送的D2D关联系统信息,与网络侧建立下行同步,进入同步等级2b;根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得世界协调时间UTC授时,并且蜂窝网络的位置测量误差低于预设门限,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,根据接收的所述D2D关联系统信息确定蜂窝网络已获得UTC授时,但蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,或者,确定蜂窝网络未获得UTC授时时,采用预设校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求19所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,所述D2D终端进入同步等级2b,表征所述D2D终端仅能够接收数据,不能够发送数据;所述D2D终端进入同步等级2a,表征所述D2D终端能够接收数据,也能够发送数据。
- 如权利要求19所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,所述采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述处理器具体用于:若所述处理器能够获得网络侧的上行时钟,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述处理器未能获得网络侧的上行时钟,则进一步基于所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站位置信息,再基于D2D终端和所述基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求19所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于:若所述处理器采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述处理器在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;若所述处理器采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述处理器在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;其中,所述第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;所述扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号, 所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
- 如权利要求19所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,所述采用预设的校准方式,完成与同步等级符合预设条件的设备的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a,所述处理器具体用于:所述处理器接收经UTC授时的第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码,根据所述专用导频码确定所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若所述处理器根据所述D2D关联系统信息获得基站的位置信息,则基于第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式或上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,若蜂窝网络的位置测量误差不低于预设门限,则采用上行同步校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,所述处理器基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2a;或者,所述处理器基于与基站建立的下行同步,接收其他D2D终端发送的数据,在检测到经UTC授权的第二D2D终端发送的数据时,获取所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟,并采用零校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,进 入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求23所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,所述处理器进一步用于:若所处理器接收所述第二D2D终端发送的专用导频码后,采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第二常规CP子帧结构进行信息交互;若所述处理器基于所述第一D2D终端和基站之间的距离,采用距离校准方式完成与网络侧的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;若所述处理器检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并基于所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端之间的距离,采用距离校准方式对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用第一常规CP子帧结构、第二常规CP子帧结构和扩展CP子帧结构中的一种进行信息交互;若所述处理器检测到经UTC授权的所述第二D2D终端发送的数据,并采用零校准方式完成对所述第二D2D终端的下行时钟进行修正,完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步,则所述第一D2D终端在时钟同步过程中及时钟同步完成后,采用扩展CP子帧结构进行信息交互;其中,第一常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和13个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含保护时隙GP和自动增益控制码AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为636Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据符号的长度为80Ts,其余11个数据符号的长度为72Ts;第二常规CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为1732Ts,其中,所述AGCT支持时间和频率同步,第1个和第8个数据 符号的长度为80Ts,其余10个数据符号的长度为72Ts;扩展CP子帧结构为:每个子帧包含1个特殊符号和12个数据符号,所述特殊符号包含GP和AGCT,所述GP的长度为460Ts,所述AGCT的长度为644Ts,其中,所述AGCT不支持时间和频率同步,每个数据符号的长度为164Ts。
- 如权利要求19-24任一项所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,进一步包括:所述D2D终端进入所述同步等级2a后,按照设定周期重新完成时钟同步,若在第一设定时长内未完成时钟同步,则进入所述同步等级2b;以及,所述D2D终端获得UTC授权后,进入同步等级1,并按照设定周期重新获取UTC授权,若在第二设定时长内未获得UTC授权,则进入所述同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求19-24任一项所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,进一步包括:所述D2D终端进入同步等级2b后,若接收到同步等级1的第二D2D终端同步消息,则直接进入同步等级2a或采用距离校准方式完成与所述第二D2D终端的时钟同步后,进入同步等级2a。
- 如权利要求19-24任一项所述的D2D终端,其特征在于,进一步包括:所述处理器确定接收的基站的导频功率小于预设值时,则采用数据接收窗盲检蜂窝网络覆盖范围之外的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号及数据,当检测到同步等级3的第三D2D终端发送的导频信号时,或者,当检测到蜂窝网络覆盖之外的第三D2D终端发送的信号后,采用自组织模式下的子帧结构与蜂窝网络覆盖外的D2D终端进行数据的收发,并协助同步所述等级3的第三D2D终端采用距离校准方式或上行时钟同步校准方式,完成与第一D2D终端的时钟同步,进入同步等级2,其中,蜂窝网覆盖范围之外存在同步等级1、同步等级2、同步等级3和同步等级4,且所述第一D2D终端默认蜂窝网覆 盖范围内的同步等级2a等同于蜂窝网覆盖范围之外的同步等级2。
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| CN114157379A (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-08 | 江西边际科技有限公司 | 一种多模组独立组网自校正高精度时间同步装置 |
| WO2024067040A1 (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | 时钟同步方法和时钟同步装置 |
| CN120320893A (zh) * | 2025-06-17 | 2025-07-15 | 深蓝汽车科技有限公司 | 基于车联网的时间同步方法、装置、设备、车辆及介质 |
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| CN109217962B (zh) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | 一种降低星历误差对数字卫星电视授时精度影响的方法 |
| WO2020041978A1 (zh) | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | 保护间隔的配置方法及装置 |
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| CN107801209A (zh) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-13 | 电信科学技术研究院 | 一种无线自组网通信方法和节点 |
| CN107682074A (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-09 | 南京天际易达通信技术有限公司 | 一种卫星上行信号发射时间补偿方法、装置及通信系统 |
| CN107682074B (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2024-03-29 | 南京天际易达通信技术有限公司 | 一种卫星上行信号发射时间补偿方法、装置及通信系统 |
| CN112351485A (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-09 | 南京拓恒无人系统研究院有限公司 | 一种基于射频的设备同步方法 |
| CN112600637B (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-12-05 | 深圳思凯微电子有限公司 | 无线广播授时校准方法、设备及计算机可读存储介质 |
| CN112600637A (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-02 | 深圳思凯微电子有限公司 | 无线广播授时校准方法、设备及计算机可读存储介质 |
| CN113038589A (zh) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 重庆邮电大学 | 一种基于无线网络分簇拓扑的矩阵模型估计时间同步方法 |
| CN113038589B (zh) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-07-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | 一种基于无线网络分簇拓扑的矩阵模型估计时间同步方法 |
| CN113848743A (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种自组网内的时间共享方法、装置及设备 |
| CN113848743B (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-09-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种自组网内的时间共享方法、装置及设备 |
| CN114157379A (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-08 | 江西边际科技有限公司 | 一种多模组独立组网自校正高精度时间同步装置 |
| CN114157379B (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-11-10 | 江西边际科技有限公司 | 一种多模组独立组网自校正高精度时间同步装置 |
| WO2024067040A1 (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | 时钟同步方法和时钟同步装置 |
| CN120320893A (zh) * | 2025-06-17 | 2025-07-15 | 深蓝汽车科技有限公司 | 基于车联网的时间同步方法、装置、设备、车辆及介质 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105472722A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
| CN105472722B (zh) | 2019-02-12 |
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