WO2013185674A1 - 随机接入方法及接收机 - Google Patents

随机接入方法及接收机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013185674A1
WO2013185674A1 PCT/CN2013/079890 CN2013079890W WO2013185674A1 WO 2013185674 A1 WO2013185674 A1 WO 2013185674A1 CN 2013079890 W CN2013079890 W CN 2013079890W WO 2013185674 A1 WO2013185674 A1 WO 2013185674A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receiver
base station
random access
distance
cell
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PCT/CN2013/079890
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李斌
王雪
李磊
秦洪峰
刘晓晓
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US14/385,568 priority Critical patent/US9426829B2/en
Publication of WO2013185674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013185674A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/0079Receiver details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0055Synchronisation arrangements determining timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/1438Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular, to a random access method and a receiver.
  • the random access technology is an important technology for user equipment access control in the communication system.
  • the receiver completes the uplink timing synchronization correction through the random access procedure, and the user power adjustment and user. Application for resource requirements.
  • the uplink random access preamble of LTE uses a cyclic shift sequence of ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence, and the random access preamble is derived based on the ZC sequence by selecting different cyclic shifts (Ncs).
  • the random access subframe consists of three parts, which are the cyclic prefix (CP) part, the random access preamble, and the guard interval (GT) part, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the LTE system supports five formats (Format), which are FormatO-4, and each format corresponds to different cell coverage.
  • the cell coverage radius is determined by the cyclic shift of the sequence and the GT.
  • the cyclic shift determines whether the cell edge user can distinguish different cyclic shift windows.
  • the selection of the cyclic shift must ensure that the preamble sequence and the local sequence correlation peak of the cell edge user fall within the time window corresponding to the cyclic shift.
  • the length of the time window is T N cs
  • Nzc is the length of the ZC sequence, and for FormatO-3, the value of Nzc is 839, for
  • Nzc has a value of 139. 7 is the number of samples of the RACH preamble sequence.
  • the cell coverage radius determined by Ncs can be obtained by the following formula.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • the cell radius is also related to the GT.
  • the length of the CP and the GT determines that the random access channel (RACH) subframe of the cell edge user does not interfere with the subsequent subframe.
  • RACH random access channel
  • GTnum is the number of samples of the guard interval.
  • the cell radius is determined by the combination of Ncs and GT length:
  • CellRadius min(CellRadius 1 ,CellRadius2) Calculate the maximum cell radius supported by Format 0 ⁇ Format 4 according to the above calculation method.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a random access method and a receiver to solve the problem that the related technology cannot support the ultra-long coverage exceeding 100 km.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method, where the method includes:
  • the cell search and downlink synchronization are performed to obtain a time reference
  • the receiver obtains a distance between the receiver and the base station
  • the receiver selects a random access format according to parameters and load conditions of the system; the receiver obtains a cell radius supported by the selected random access format, and if the cell radius is smaller than the distance, calculates a line-of-sight transmission Delay
  • the receiver transmits a random access subframe in advance of the line-of-sight transmission delay on the basis of the time reference.
  • the distance between the receiver and the base station obtained by the receiver includes:
  • the receiver obtains the location of the receiver by using a positioning system, obtains the location of the base station according to the location map of the base station and the obtained cell identifier, and obtains the distance between the receiver and the base station according to the location of the receiver and the location of the base station. ; or
  • the receiver obtains a distance between the receiver and the base station based on a path loss model, a transmit power of the base station, and a reference signal received power value of the receiver.
  • the method further includes:
  • the receiver obtains a cell identity when performing cell search and downlink synchronization.
  • the method further includes:
  • the line-of-sight transmission delay is set to zero.
  • the method is applied to a long term evolution system of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a receiver, the receiver comprising:
  • Obtaining a module which is configured to: after the receiver is powered on, perform cell search and downlink synchronization to obtain a time reference; obtain a distance between itself and the base station;
  • Selecting a module which is set to: select a random access format according to the parameters of the system and the load condition; a calculation module, configured to: obtain a cell radius supported by the selected random access format, and if the cell radius is smaller than the distance obtained by the obtaining module, calculate a line-of-sight transmission delay; and send a module, where the setting is And transmitting, according to the time reference obtained by the obtaining module, the random access subframe by using the line-of-sight transmission delay.
  • the obtaining module is set to:
  • the distance between the receiver and the base station is obtained according to the path loss model, the transmit power of the base station, and the reference signal received power value of the receiver.
  • the obtaining module is further configured to obtain a cell identifier when performing cell search and downlink synchronization.
  • the calculating module is further configured to:: if the cell radius is greater than the distance, set the line-of-sight transmission delay to zero.
  • the receiver is applied to a long-term evolution system of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • the downlink delay of the receiver to the base station is estimated in advance, and the downlink delay is compensated by the estimated delay, thereby increasing the coverage radius of the cell.
  • the existing protocol is not required to be modified by the embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, it is fully compatible with the processing of existing base stations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a format of a random access subframe of the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a random access method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a receiver according to the present invention. Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 it is a flowchart of an embodiment of a random access method according to the present invention.
  • the method includes: Step 101: After a receiver is powered on, perform cell search and downlink synchronization to obtain a time reference. The cell identifier can also be obtained through this step 101;
  • Step 102 Calculate a distance between the receiver and the base station, where the calculation manner includes but is not limited to the following:
  • Method 1 first use the existing positioning system, such as GPS positioning or Beidou positioning, obtain the position of the receiver itself, and then determine the location of the base station according to the location map of the base station and the cell ID, and finally calculate the distance between the receiver and the base station.
  • Method 2 Calculate the path loss according to the path loss model, the base station transmit power, the receiver's RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) value, and calculate r;
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • Step 103 Determine an optional format according to the system parameters and load conditions of the system;
  • the system parameters may include the parameters such as the cell radius and the frame structure type.
  • the format of the format is the same as that of the existing LTE system, and is not described here.
  • Step 104 Refer to Table 1. If the cell radius is greater than the supported cell type, calculate the line-of-sight transmission delay ⁇ ;
  • Step 105 The receiver is at the time reference ⁇ . On the basis of this, the random access subframe is transmitted in advance, and thus the uplink access subframe is transmitted.
  • the advanced delay can compensate the downlink delay of the base station to the UE by >1.
  • the uplink delay " 2 " can be considered, and a larger cell coverage can be supported.
  • the method is applicable to time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) systems.
  • TDD time division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • the downlink delay of the receiver to the base station is estimated in advance, and the downlink delay is compensated by the estimated delay, thereby increasing the coverage radius of the cell.
  • the method can ensure that the existing protocol is not modified, and is fully compatible. There are ways to handle the base station. The following takes the process of random access in the LTE system as an example, and the following two embodiments are specifically described:
  • Step 201 After the receiver is powered on, perform cell search and downlink synchronization.
  • the receiver can obtain a reference time of 5 ms, and then by searching for the secondary synchronization sequence, the receiver can obtain the frame synchronization and the physical layer cell group, and finally obtain the physical layer cell ID (Identification identification) through the reference signal. At this point, the downlink synchronization is completed, and the time reference is obtained. And cell ID;
  • , assuming r 2001 ⁇ 2?; Step 203, according to the current System parameters and load conditions, select the random access format as Format3;
  • 0.661 ms on the basis of the current timing time T 0 .
  • Step 301 After the receiver is powered on, perform cell search and downlink synchronization.
  • the receiver can obtain a reference time of 5ms and then search through The secondary synchronization sequence, the receiver can obtain the frame synchronization and the physical layer cell group, and finally, through the reference signal, the receiver obtains the physical layer cell ID (Identification identification), and thus completes the downlink synchronization, and obtains the time reference ⁇ . And cell ID;
  • Step 302 Calculate a distance between the base station and the receiver according to the path loss model, the base station transmit power, and the receiver reference signal received power (RSRP) value;
  • RSRP receiver reference signal received power
  • ⁇ ( ⁇ ) 32.4478 + 201 ⁇ ⁇ 10 () + 201 ⁇ ⁇ 10 ( ⁇ )
  • Step 303 According to current system parameters and load conditions, select a random access format as Format 1;
  • the random access subframe can be transmitted at any time.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a receiver according to the present invention.
  • the receiver includes an obtaining module 31, a selecting module 32, a calculating module 33, and a sending module 34, where:
  • the obtaining module 31 is configured to: after the receiver is powered on, perform cell search and downlink synchronization to obtain a time reference; obtain a distance between itself and the base station;
  • the selection module 32 is set to: select a random access format according to the parameters of the system and the load condition;
  • the calculating module 33 is configured to: obtain a cell radius supported by the selected random access format, and if the cell radius is smaller than the distance obtained by the obtaining module, calculate a line-of-sight transmission delay;
  • the sending module 34 is configured to: send the random access subframe by using the foregoing line-of-sight transmission delay in advance based on the foregoing time reference obtained by the obtaining module.
  • the calculating module 33 is further configured to: if the cell radius is greater than the distance, set the line-of-sight transmission delay to zero.
  • the obtaining module 31 is configured to: obtain a location of the receiver by using a positioning system, obtain a location of the base station according to the location map of the base station and the obtained cell identifier, and obtain the receiving according to the location of the receiver and the location of the base station.
  • the distance between the machine and the base station; or, the distance between the receiver and the base station is obtained according to the path loss model, the transmit power of the base station, and the reference signal received power value of the receiver.
  • the obtaining module 31 is further configured to obtain the cell identifier when performing cell search and downlink synchronization.
  • TDD time division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal including the foregoing receiver.
  • the receiver and the terminal by estimating the downlink delay to the base station in advance, compensate the downlink transmission delay with the estimated delay, and expand the cell coverage radius; in addition, the existing protocol does not need to be modified, and is fully compatible with the existing The processing method of the base station.
  • the downlink delay of the receiver to the base station is estimated in advance, and the downlink delay is compensated by the estimated delay, thereby increasing the coverage radius of the cell.
  • the existing protocol is not required to be modified by the embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, it is fully compatible with the processing of existing base stations.

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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种随机接入方法及接收机,其中,随机接入方法包括:接收机开机后,进行小区搜索及下行同步获得时间基准;所述接收机获得自己与基站之间的距离;所述接收机根据所在系统的参数及负载情况选择随机接入格式;所述接收机获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径,若该小区半径小于所述距离,则计算出视距传输时延;所述接收机在所述时间基准的基础上,提前所述视距传输时延发送随机接入子帧。

Description

随机接入方法及接收机 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通讯领域, 尤其涉及一种随机接入方法及接收机。
背景技术
在长期演进(Long Term Evolution, LTE ) 系统中, 随机接入技术是通信 系统中用户设备接入控制的一项重要技术, 接收机通过随机接入过程完成上 行定时同步校正, 用户功率调整和用户资源需求的申请。
LTE 的上行随机接入前导使用的是 ZC ( Zadoff-Chu )序列的循环移位序 列, 随机接入前导码是基于 ZC序列通过选取不同的循环移位( Ncs )衍生的。 随机接入子帧由三部分组成, 分别是循环前缀(CP )部分、 随机接入前导序 列和保护间隔 (GT )部分, 如图 1所示。
根据小区覆盖的不同, 所要求的 CP长度不同, 前导和 GT长度也不同。 LTE系统支持五种格式( Format ) , 分别是 FormatO-4 , 每种格式对应不同的 小区覆盖。 小区覆盖半径由序列的循环移位和 GT共同决定。
首先, 循环移位决定了小区边缘用户能否区分不同的循环移位窗, 循环 移位的选取必须保证, 小区边缘用户的前导序列和本地序列相关峰值落在该 循环移位对应的时间窗内, 该时间窗的长度为 TN cs
Figure imgf000003_0001
其中, Nzc是 ZC序列的长度, 对于 FormatO-3 , Nzc的取值为 839, 对于
Format4, Nzc的取值为 139。 7 是 RACH前导序列的釆样点数目。 由 Ncs决定的小区覆盖半径可以由下式得到,
CellRadiusl = 0.5x7te x3xl05 :m / 5
由于下行同步完成后, 到达接收机的时间基准已经有/) 1的延时, 接收机 上发物理随机接入信道(PRACH )子帧到基站后,又有/ )2的延时, D = D1 - D2 , 所以一个循环移位对应的时间窗 要吸收两个延时 27) , 故所支持的小区半 径要减半。
另外, 小区半径也与 GT有关, CP和 GT的长度决定了小区边缘用户的随 机接入信道(RACH )子帧不会干扰到后面的子帧。 同样有上下行 2^>延时的 问题, 其计算公式如下:
CellRadius2 = 0.5xGTnumx ° 01 s x3xl05 >y
307200Ts
其中, GTnum是保护间隔的釆样点数目。
综上, 小区半径由 Ncs和 GT长度共同决定:
CellRadius = min(CellRadius 1 ,CellRadius2) 按照上述计算方法, 分别计算 Format 0~Format 4所支持的最大小区半径 ^口表 1所示:
不同格式支持的最大小区半径
Figure imgf000004_0001
极限情况,对于 Format3而言, Ncs取 839时, 所支持小区的最大范围是 100km , 可以看出, 现有 LTE PRACH 的五种格式均无法支持超过 100km的 超远覆盖,而对于航线的超远覆盖,需要支持超过 100km甚至 200km的覆盖。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种随机接入方法及接收机, 以解决相关技术无法 支持超过 100km的超远覆盖的问题。 本发明实施例提供了一种随机接入方法, 该方法包括:
接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步获得时间基准;
所述接收机获得接收机与基站之间的距离;
所述接收机根据所在系统的参数及负载情况选择随机接入格式; 所述接收机获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径, 若该小区半径 小于所述距离, 则计算出视距传输时延;
所述接收机在所述时间基准的基础上, 提前所述视距传输时延发送随机 接入子帧。
优选地, 所述接收机获得接收机与基站之间的距离包括:
所述接收机利用定位系统获得该接收机的位置, 根据基站位置分布图及 获得的小区标识获得基站的位置, 根据该接收机的位置和该基站的位置获得 该接收机与该基站间的距离; 或者
所述接收机根据路径损失模型、 该基站的发射功率和该接收机的参考信 号接收功率值获得该接收机与该基站间的距离。
优选地, 所述接收机根据基站位置分布图及获得的小区标识获得基站的 位置之前, 所述方法还包括:
所述接收机在进行小区搜索及下行同步时获得小区标识。
优选地, 所述接收机获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径之后, 所述方法还包括:
若该小区半径大于所述距离, 则将所述视距传输时延置为零。
优选地, 所述方法应用于时分双工 (TDD )和频分双工 (FDD ) 的长期 演进系统。
本发明实施例还提供了一种接收机, 该接收机包括:
获得模块, 其设置为: 接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步获得时 间基准; 获得自己与基站之间的距离;
选择模块, 其设置为: 根据所在系统的参数及负载情况选择随机接入格 式; 计算模块, 其设置为: 获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径, 若 该小区半径小于所述获得模块获得的所述距离, 则计算出视距传输时延; 发送模块, 其设置为: 在所述获得模块获得的所述时间基准的基础上, 提前所述视距传输时延发送随机接入子帧。
优选地, 所述获得模块, 是设置为:
利用定位系统获得该接收机的位置, 根据基站位置分布图及获得的小区 标识获得基站的位置, 根据该接收机的位置和该基站的位置获得该接收机与 该基站间的距离; 或者
根据路径损失模型、 该基站的发射功率和该接收机的参考信号接收功率 值获得该接收机与该基站间的距离。
优选地, 所述获得模块, 还设置为在进行小区搜索及下行同步时获得小 区标识。
优选地, 所述计算模块, 还设置为: : 若该小区半径大于所述距离, 则 将所述视距传输时延置为零。
优选地, 所述接收机应用于时分双工 (TDD )和频分双工 (FDD ) 的长 期演进系统。
本发明实施例, 通过预先估计接收机到基站的下行时延, 用所估计的时 延补偿下行传输时延, 扩大了小区覆盖半径; 另外, 釆用本发明实施例不需 要修改现有协议, 并且, 完全兼容现有基站的处理方式。 附图概述
图 1 为相关技术的随机接入子帧的格式示意图;
图 2为本发明随机接入方法实施例的流程图;
图 3为本发明接收机实施例的结构示意图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。 需要说明的是, 在 不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。 如图 2所示, 为本发明随机接入方法实施例的流程图, 该方法包括: 步骤 101、 接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步获得时间基准 Γ。; 通过该步骤 101还可以获得小区标识;
步骤 102、 计算接收机与基站之间的距离 计算方式包括但不限于以下 几种;
方式一、 先釆用已有定位系统, 如 GPS定位或北斗定位, 获得接收机自 身的位置, 再根据基站位置分布图及小区 ID确定基站的位置, 最后计算接收 机与基站之间的距离 r ; 方式二、釆用计算路径损失的方式获得 即根据路径损失模型,基站端 发射功率, 接收机的 RSRP ( Reference Signal Received Power, 参考信号接收 功率)值, 计算 r ;
步骤 103、 根据所在的系统参数及负载情况, 确定可选的 Format;
其中, 系统参数可包括小区半径、 帧结构类型等参数, 选择 Format的方 式与现有 LTE系统的方法一致, 此处不再赘述。
步骤 104、 参照表 1 , 如果 大于所选 Format类型可支持的小区半径, 则 计算视距传输时延 Γ ;
如果所选 Format类型可以支持距离为 的小区覆盖, 令 = 0;
步骤 105、 接收机在时间基准 Γ。的基础上, 提前 Γ发送随机接入子帧, 至 此, 完成了上行接入子帧的发送。
所提前的时延 可以补偿基站到 UE的下行时延 £>1 , 此时, 计算随机接 入覆盖的小区半径时只需考虑上行时延" 2 , 可以支持更大的小区覆盖。
另外, 该方法可适用于时分双工 (TDD )和频分双工 (FDD ) 系统。 上述方法, 通过预先估计接收机到基站的下行时延, 用所估计的时延补 偿下行传输时延, 扩大了小区覆盖半径, 另外, 该方法可以保证现有协议不 做修改, 并且完全兼容现有基站的处理方式。 下面以 LTE系统中随机接入的过程为例, 举以下两个实施例进行具体说 明:
实施例一
步骤 201、 接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步;
通过搜索主同步序列, 接收机可以获得 5ms的基准时间, 然后通过搜索 辅同步序列, 接收机可以获得帧同步和物理层小区组, 最后通过参考信号, 接收机获得物理层小区 ID(Identification标识), 至此完成了下行同步, 获得 时间基准 Γ。和小区 ID;
步骤 202、 利用 GPS定位系统, 接收机获得自身的位置 , 根据基站位 置分布图及小区 ID, 获得基站位置 P2, 通过 r = - Ρ2| , 假设 r = 200½?; 步骤 203、 根据当前的系统参数和负载情况, 选择随机接入格式为 Format3;
步骤 204、 对照表 1, 可知 Format3可支持的最大小区半径 r。=l00½7 , 因 为 r >r。, 则根据距离 r计算视距传输时延 Γ如下:
T = r/ (3.0x\05 km /s) = 0.667ms;
步骤 205、 接收机在当前定时时刻 T0基础上, 提前 Τ = 0.661ms发射随机接 入子帧, 对于 Format3 格式, 选择 Ncs=839, Nzc=839, GTnum=15840Ts ,
¾ =49152Ts计算随机接入覆盖半径如下:
"Nrs 001 V ,
CellRadiusl =— ^χΓ^χ ~ : x3x\05 km/ s = 200km
Nzc Q 307200Γ5 CellRadius2 = GTnumx °°ls x3x\05km/s = 2\5km
307200Ts
CellRadius = min(CellRadius 1 , CellRadius2)=200Aw。
由此可见, 随机接入提前 J = 0.667ms发送, 可以满足 200^7的超远覆盖。 实施例二
步骤 301、 接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步;
通过搜索主同步序列, 接收机可以获得 5ms的基准时间, 然后通过搜索 辅同步序列, 接收机可以获得帧同步和物理层小区组, 最后通过参考信号, 接收机获得物理层小区 ID(Identification标识), 至此完成了下行同步, 获得 时间基准 Γ。和小区 ID;
步骤 302、 根据路径损失模型, 基站端发射功率, 接收机的参考信号接 收功率( RSRP )值计算基站与接收机之间的距离;
以自由空间路径损耗模型为例,
Ζ(^) = 32.4478 + 201Ο§10( ) + 201Ο§10(Γ)
其中, /表示频段 (Afflz), f = 2\00MHz, 基站天线发射功率 P¾ =5(kffi ,接 收机的 RSRP为 P丽 =— 5dBm , 则 L{dB、 = Pb -Ρ^=135άΒ。 才艮据上式, 可以计 算得到 r = 64½?;
步骤 303、 根据当前的系统参数和负载情况, 选择随机接入格式为 Format 1;
步骤 304、 对照表 1 , 可知, Formatl可支持的最大小区半径为 r。 = 77km , r = 64km , 即 < 0, 故令 Γ = 0;
步骤 305、因为 Γ = 0 ,所以在 Γ。时刻发射随机接入子帧即可,选择 Formatl 格式, Ncs=839, Nzc=839, GTnum=15840Ts , 7^=245, 6Ύ s , 计算随机接入覆 盖半径如下:
"Nrs 001 V ^
CellRadiusl =0.5x — ^χΓ„™Χ ~ : x3x\05 km/ s = \20km
Nzc Q 307200Γ5
CellRadius2 = 0.5 x GTnumx °°ls x 3xl05km/s = 77km
307200Ts
CellRadius = min(CellRadius 1 ,CellRadius2)=77Aw 由此可见, 该随机接入方法, 可以满足 64km的小区覆盖。
如图 3所示, 为本发明接收机实施例的结构示意图, 该接收机包括获得 模块 31、 选择模块 32、 计算模块 33和发送模块 34, 其中:
获得模块 31, 设置为: 接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步获得时 间基准; 获得自己与基站之间的距离; 选择模块 32, 设置为: 根据所在系统的参数及负载情况选择随机接入格 式;
计算模块 33 , 设置为: 获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径, 若 该小区半径小于上述获得模块获得的距离, 则计算出视距传输时延;
发送模块 34, 设置为: 在上述获得模块获得的上述时间基准的基础上, 提前上述视距传输时延发送随机接入子帧。
另外, 上述计算模块 33 , 还设置为: 若该小区半径大于上述距离, 则将 上述视距传输时延置为零。
其中, 上述获得模块 31 ,是设置为: 利用定位系统获得该接收机的位置, 根据基站位置分布图及获得的小区标识获得基站的位置, 根据该接收机的位 置和该基站的位置获得该接收机与该基站间的距离; 或者, 根据路径损失模 型、 该基站的发射功率和该接收机的参考信号接收功率值获得该接收机与该 基站间的距离。
为了使上述获得模块 31 可以根据基站位置分布图及获得的小区标识获 得基站的位置, 上述获得模块 31 , 还设置为在进行小区搜索及下行同步时获 得小区标识。
上述接收机应用于时分双工 (TDD )和频分双工 (FDD ) 的长期演进系 统。
另外, 本发明实施例还提供了一种包括上述接收机的终端。
上述接收机及终端, 通过预先估计自己到基站的下行时延, 用所估计的 时延补偿下行传输时延, 扩大了小区覆盖半径; 另外, 不需要修改现有协议, 并且, 完全兼容现有基站的处理方式。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 上述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制, 仅仅参照较佳实施 例对本发明进行了详细说明。 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解, 可以对本发 明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范 围, 均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
工业实用性
本发明实施例, 通过预先估计接收机到基站的下行时延, 用所估计的时 延补偿下行传输时延, 扩大了小区覆盖半径; 另外, 釆用本发明实施例不需 要修改现有协议, 并且, 完全兼容现有基站的处理方式。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种随机接入方法, 该方法包括:
接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步获得时间基准;
所述接收机获得所述接收机与基站之间的距离;
所述接收机根据所在系统的参数及负载情况选择随机接入格式; 所述接收机获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径, 若该小区半径 小于所述距离, 则计算出视距传输时延;
所述接收机在所述时间基准的基础上, 提前所述视距传输时延发送随机 接入子帧。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中:
所述接收机获得所述接收机与基站之间的距离包括:
所述接收机利用定位系统获得所述接收机的位置, 根据基站位置分布图 及获得的小区标识获得所述基站的位置, 根据所述接收机的位置和所述基站 的位置获得所述接收机与所述基站间的距离; 或者
所述接收机根据路径损失模型、 所述基站的发射功率和所述接收机的参 考信号接收功率值获得所述接收机与所述基站间的距离。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中:
所述接收机根据基站位置分布图及获得的小区标识获得基站的位置之 前, 所述方法还包括:
所述接收机在进行小区搜索及下行同步时获得小区标识。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中:
所述接收机获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径之后, 所述方法 还包括:
若该小区半径大于所述距离, 则将所述视距传输时延置为零。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一权利要求所述的方法, 其中:
所述方法应用于时分双工(TDD )和频分双工(FDD )的长期演进系统。
6、 一种接收机, 该接收机包括:
获得模块, 其设置为: 所述接收机开机后, 进行小区搜索及下行同步获 得时间基准; 以及获得所述接收机与基站之间的距离;
选择模块, 其设置为: 根据所在系统的参数及负载情况选择随机接入格 式;
计算模块, 其设置为: 获得所选择的随机接入格式支持的小区半径, 若 该小区半径小于所述获得模块获得的所述距离, 则计算出视距传输时延; 以 及
发送模块, 其设置为: 在所述获得模块获得的所述时间基准的基础上, 提前所述视距传输时延发送随机接入子帧。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的接收机, 其中:
所述获得模块是设置为:
利用定位系统获得所述接收机的位置, 根据基站位置分布图及获得的小 区标识获得所述基站的位置, 根据所述接收机的位置和所述基站的位置获得 所述接收机与所述基站间的距离; 或者
根据路径损失模型、 所述基站的发射功率和所述接收机的参考信号接收 功率值获得所述接收机与所述基站间的距离。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的接收机, 其中:
所述获得模块, 还设置为在进行小区搜索及下行同步时获得小区标识。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的接收机, 其中:
所述计算模块, 还设置为: 若该小区半径大于所述距离, 则将所述视距 传输时延置为零。
10、 根据权利要求 6-9任一权利要求所述的接收机, 其中:
所述接收机应用于时分双工 (TDD )和频分双工 (FDD ) 的长期演进系 统。
11、 一种终端, 包括如权利要求 6-10任一项所述的接收机。
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