WO2016015958A1 - Battery module - Google Patents

Battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016015958A1
WO2016015958A1 PCT/EP2015/065455 EP2015065455W WO2016015958A1 WO 2016015958 A1 WO2016015958 A1 WO 2016015958A1 EP 2015065455 W EP2015065455 W EP 2015065455W WO 2016015958 A1 WO2016015958 A1 WO 2016015958A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery module
housing
pressure plates
profile
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/065455
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Bock
Karl-Heinz Gaubatz
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2016015958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016015958A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery module for an electrically driven
  • a plurality of individual, mostly prismatic battery cells are combined to form a battery stack in a battery module.
  • the individual battery cells in the battery tape! compressed under a biasing force.
  • a tensioning device is used, which has two pressure plates which bear against the end faces of the battery pack, and two arranged on opposite sides of the battery stack tie rods, which apply and maintain a tensile stress on the two pressure plates.
  • the battery pack together with the clamping device must be protected against environmental influences, e.g. through an additional housing.
  • the battery voltage and the temperature of the individual battery cells are normally detected by a cell monitoring unit (CSC) and transmitted to a battery management system.
  • CSC cell monitoring unit
  • current sensors which detect the current supplied by the battery module and transmit to the battery management system, are provided, as well as fuses and cut-off contactors.
  • the various control devices and electronic components are usually installed at various locations in the vehicle.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a compact battery module.
  • a battery module for an electrically driven vehicle with a plurality of battery cells arranged in a battery stack and a battery strap! surrounding housing, the two arranged on the front sides of the battery pack pressure plates and a battery pack receiving U-profile and a closing the open side of the U-profile ceiling! includes.
  • the pressure plates, the U-profile and the lid seal the battery pack waterproof against the environment.
  • the battery cells of the battery pack are pressed against one another by the pressure plates, so that the battery pack is held by the two pressure plates under the desired mechanical bias.
  • a separate clamping device is eliminated.
  • the housing consists essentially of the U-profile, the pressure plates and the lid. In this way, space is saved, and the finished battery module has compact dimensions and is at the same time completely protected against environmental influences.
  • a module electronics for the battery module is accommodated in the housing, so that at least part of the necessary electronics is integrated directly into the battery module.
  • the waterproof housing also protects the electronics against environmental influences.
  • the module electronics can, for example, a
  • CSC Cell monitoring unit
  • a battery management system a current sensor
  • a contactor a current sensor
  • a contactor a contactor
  • / or a fuse the entire electronics necessary for operating the battery module can be accommodated in the housing.
  • the contactor is preferably designed as a semiconductor device and integrated into the electronics to allow a more compact design.
  • an emergency degassing device is preferably provided in the housing.
  • This can be formed for example by a waterproof, but gas-permeable membrane that spans an opening in the housing. In this way, the waterproofness of the housing is ensured, while a constant pressure equalization with the environment is possible.
  • a seal may be provided, so that the lid can be fastened for example via a screw and the battery module is to open nondestructive.
  • the U-profile is preferably firmly welded to the printing plates. It is possible to apply in the manufacture of the battery module on the pressure plates on the battery pack a desired bias, which presses the battery cells with the desired force to each other and to weld the printing plates in this position with the U-profile.
  • the welding can be done for example by a laser welding process.
  • the pressure plates bushings may be provided to the outside of the housing, for example, for electrical connection lines and data lines and for the Notentgasungsvorraum.
  • the U-profile and the lid may be formed substantially closed. Are the necessary connections of the battery module formed in the pressure plates, they are easily accessible from the front sides of the battery module, which is advantageous in many installation situations.
  • an electrically insulating adhesive film is applied between the outside of the battery cells and the tensioning device in order to insulate the cells from the tensioning device and the environment.
  • the inside of the housing for electrical insulation is powder-coated, so that the housing simultaneously provides electrical insulation. The powder coating replaces the previous adhesive films, which reduces the production cost.
  • the electrically powered vehicle is preferably a motorcycle or a scooter.
  • the battery module may be integrated into a frame of the motorcycle or scooter, with the housing in direct contact with the ambient air is. Since the battery module is protected by the waterproof housing against environmental influences, it can be installed so that it can be used without further protection from environmental influences, for example, without another housing in the frame. This has the advantage that an air cooling can be realized by the airstream and, if necessary, further cooling systems, in particular liquid cooling, can be dispensed with.
  • the U-profile is part of the frame of the vehicle, thus assuming a (at least partially) supporting function.
  • the U-profile and / or the pressure plates can have cooling ribs on their outer side.
  • the battery module according to the invention can also be used in any other electrically powered vehicle, such as a purely electrically powered car, a hybrid car or a plug-in hybrid car.
  • FIG. 1 is a battery module according to the invention in a schematic perspective view
  • FIG. 2 shows the battery module of Figure 1 without a lid and without battery cells
  • FIG. 3 shows the battery module of Figure 1, wherein only the battery pack and the end-side printing plates are shown;
  • FIG. 5 shows the battery module of Figure 1 without a lid
  • - Figure 6 shows the battery module of Figure 1 in a perspective sectional view
  • FIG. 7 shows the battery module of Figure 1 in an end view
  • FIG. 1 shows a battery module 10 for an electrically driven vehicle, in particular a motorcycle or a scooter.
  • the battery module 10 has a housing 12, which comprises two end-side pressure plates 14 and a U-profile 16, wherein the pressure plates 14 close the U-profile 16 on the front side.
  • a battery stack 17 is accommodated from a plurality of individual battery cells 18 (here seven battery cells 18) (see, for example, FIG. 3).
  • the housing 12 is closed by a cover 20 which covers the open side of the U-profile 16 and which rests on the free edges of the pressure plates 14.
  • the pressure plates 14, the U-profile 16 and the Deckei 20 surround the battery stack 7 completely and close it from the environment waterproof.
  • the battery stack 17 is arranged from the juxtaposed loose battery cells 18 between the two pressure plates 14 and compressed by a device, not shown, until a desired biasing force with which the individual battery cells 18 are pressed together is reached. In this position, the pressure plates 14 are welded to the U-profile 16, for example by means of laser welding. The battery stack 17 is thus held without the need for a further tensioning device with the desired amount of bias in the housing 12.
  • the lid 20 can be placed and screwed, for example, with a (not shown) seal is provided to ensure the waterproofness of the housing 2.
  • the printing plates 14 have various bushings 22, which serve, for example, to connect electrical connection cables 24 to the battery cells 18.
  • an emergency degassing device 26 is mounted here, which can deliver gas at a pressure generated in the interior of the housing 12 gas to the outside. It can also be used to constantly provide pressure equalization to the environment. It is possible to use a gas-permeable, water-impermeable membrane in the emergency degassing device 26.
  • the inside of the housing 12 is provided with a coating which electrically insulates the battery cells 18 from the housing 12.
  • the coating is realized here in the form of a (not shown) powder coating, which is applied to the pressure plates 14, the U-profile 16 and the cover 20 prior to assembly of the individual components.
  • a module electronics 28 of the battery module 10 are included in this example, for example a
  • Cell monitoring unit a battery management system, a current sensor, a semiconductor contactor and a fuse. In this case they are arranged between the battery stack 17 and the cover 20, where they are placed on one or more circuit boards (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
  • the battery module 10 is mounted directly to a frame of a motorcycle or scooter in this example, without an additional waterproof housing would be provided. It is of course possible to arrange a trim part over the battery module 10. However, that is preferably a direct contact with ambient air, which can flow along the battery module 10 (not shown in detail).
  • the battery module 10 is here air-cooled.
  • both the U-profile 16 and the pressure plates 14 each have a number of parallel cooling fins 30.
  • the cooling fins 30 are aligned in the installed state substantially parallel to the air flow.
  • the cooling by the airstream may be sufficient, so that it may be possible to dispense with further cooling systems, in particular water cooling.
  • further cooling systems in particular water cooling.
  • an additional fan-assisted air cooling can be provided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

A battery module for an electrically driven vehicle comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in a battery stack as well as a housing (12) which surrounds the battery stack and which includes two pressure plates (14) on the end faces of the battery stack, a U-section (16) accommodating the battery stack, and a cover (20) that closes the open side of the U-section (16). The pressure plates (14), the U-section (16) and the cover (20) water-tightly seal the battery stack from the surroundings.

Description

Batteriemodul  battery module
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriemodul für ein elektrisch angetriebenesThe invention relates to a battery module for an electrically driven
Fahrzeug. Vehicle.
In elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeugen werden in einem Batteriemodul mehrere einzelne, zumeist prismatische Batteriezellen zu einem Batteriestapel zusammengefasst. Aus Gründen des Temperaturausgleichs innerhalb des Batteriemoduls werden die einzelnen Batteriezellen im Batteriestape! unter einer Vorspannkraft zusammengepresst. Hierzu wird eine Spannvorrichtung eingesetzt, die zwei Druckplatten aufweist, die an den Stirnseiten des Batteriestapels anliegen, sowie zwei auf entgegengesetzten Seiten des Batteriestapels angeordnete Zuganker, die eine Zugspannung auf die beiden Druckplatten aufbringen und aufrechterhalten. Der Batteriestapel zusammen mit der Spannvorrichtung muss gegen Umwelteinflüsse geschützt werden, z.B. durch ein zusätzliches Gehäuse. In electrically driven vehicles, a plurality of individual, mostly prismatic battery cells are combined to form a battery stack in a battery module. For reasons of temperature compensation within the battery module, the individual battery cells in the battery tape! compressed under a biasing force. For this purpose, a tensioning device is used, which has two pressure plates which bear against the end faces of the battery pack, and two arranged on opposite sides of the battery stack tie rods, which apply and maintain a tensile stress on the two pressure plates. The battery pack together with the clamping device must be protected against environmental influences, e.g. through an additional housing.
Die Batteriespannung und die Temperatur der einzelnen Batteriezellen werden normalerweise von einer Zellüberwachungseinheit (CSC) erfasst und an ein Batteriemanagementsystem übermittelt. Außerdem sind Stromsensoren, die den vom Batteriemodul gelieferten Strom erfassen und an das Batteriemanagementsystem übermitteln, vorgesehen, sowie Sicherungen und Abschaltschütze. Die diversen Steuergeräte und Elektronikkomponenten sind in der Regel an verschiedenen Orten im Fahrzeug verbaut. The battery voltage and the temperature of the individual battery cells are normally detected by a cell monitoring unit (CSC) and transmitted to a battery management system. In addition, current sensors, which detect the current supplied by the battery module and transmit to the battery management system, are provided, as well as fuses and cut-off contactors. The various control devices and electronic components are usually installed at various locations in the vehicle.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein kompaktes Batteriemodul zu schaffen. The object of the invention is to provide a compact battery module.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Batteriemodul für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug, mit mehreren in einem Batteriestapel angeordneten Batteriezellen und einem dem Batteriestape! umgebenden Gehäuse, das zwei auf den Stirnseiten des Batteriestapels angeordnete Druckplatten und ein den Batteriestapel aufnehmendes U-Profil sowie einen die offene Seite des U-Profils verschließenden Decke! umfasst. Die Druckplatten, das U-Profil und der Deckel schließen den Batteriestapel wasserdicht gegenüber der Umgebung ab. Erfindungsgemäß werden die Batteriezellen des Batteriestapels durch die Druckplatten aneinander gepresst, sodass der Batteriestapel durch die beiden Druckplatten unter der gewünschten mechanischen Vorspannung gehalten wird. Eine separate Spannvorrichtung entfällt damit. Das Gehäuse besteht im Wesentlichen aus dem U-Profil, den Druckplatten und dem Deckel. Auf diese Weise wird Bauraum eingespart, und das fertige Batteriemodul weist kompakte Abmessungen auf und ist gleichzeitig bereits vollständig gegen Umgebungseinflüsse geschützt. This object is achieved by a battery module for an electrically driven vehicle, with a plurality of battery cells arranged in a battery stack and a battery strap! surrounding housing, the two arranged on the front sides of the battery pack pressure plates and a battery pack receiving U-profile and a closing the open side of the U-profile ceiling! includes. The pressure plates, the U-profile and the lid seal the battery pack waterproof against the environment. According to the invention, the battery cells of the battery pack are pressed against one another by the pressure plates, so that the battery pack is held by the two pressure plates under the desired mechanical bias. A separate clamping device is eliminated. The housing consists essentially of the U-profile, the pressure plates and the lid. In this way, space is saved, and the finished battery module has compact dimensions and is at the same time completely protected against environmental influences.
Vorzugsweise ist eine Modulelektronik für das Batteriemodul im Gehäuse aufgenommen, sodass zumindest ein Teil der notwendigen Elektronik direkt in das Batteriemodul integriert ist. Durch das wasserdichte Gehäuse ist auch die Elektronik gegen Umwelteinflüsse geschützt. Preferably, a module electronics for the battery module is accommodated in the housing, so that at least part of the necessary electronics is integrated directly into the battery module. The waterproof housing also protects the electronics against environmental influences.
Die Modulelektronik kann beispielsweise eineThe module electronics can, for example, a
Zellüberwachungseinheit (CSC), ein Batteriemanagementsystem, einen Stromsensor, ein Schütz und/oder eine Sicherung umfassen. Im Prinzip kann die gesamte zum Betrieb des Batteriemoduls notwendige Elektronik im Gehäuse aufgenommen sein. Das Schütz ist vorzugsweise als Halbleiterbauteil ausgeführt und in die Elektronik integriert, um eine kompaktere Bauweise zu ermöglichen. Cell monitoring unit (CSC), a battery management system, a current sensor, a contactor and / or a fuse. In principle, the entire electronics necessary for operating the battery module can be accommodated in the housing. The contactor is preferably designed as a semiconductor device and integrated into the electronics to allow a more compact design.
Da das Gehäuse gegenüber der Umgebung im Wesentlichen abgeschlossen ist, ist vorzugsweise eine Notentgasungsvorrichtung im Gehäuse vorgesehen. Diese kann beispielsweise durch eine wasserdichte, aber gasdurchlässige Membran gebildet sein, die eine Öffnung im Gehäuse überspannt. Auf diese Weise wird die Wasserdichtigkeit des Gehäuses gewährleistet, während ein ständiger Druckausgleich mit der Umgebung möglich ist. Zwischen dem Deckel und den Druckplatten sowie dem U-Profil kann eine Dichtung vorgesehen sein, sodass der Deckel beispielsweise über eine Schraubverbindung befestigt werden kann und das Batteriemodul zerstörungsfrei zu öffnen ist. Since the housing is substantially closed to the environment, an emergency degassing device is preferably provided in the housing. This can be formed for example by a waterproof, but gas-permeable membrane that spans an opening in the housing. In this way, the waterproofness of the housing is ensured, while a constant pressure equalization with the environment is possible. Between the cover and the pressure plates and the U-profile, a seal may be provided, so that the lid can be fastened for example via a screw and the battery module is to open nondestructive.
Das U-Profil ist jedoch vorzugsweise mit den Druckplatten fest verschweißt. Dabei ist es möglich, bei der Fertigung des Batteriemoduls über die Druckplatten auf den Batteriestapel eine gewünschte Vorspannung aufzubringen, die die Batteriezellen mit der gewünschten Kraft aneinander presst und die Druckplatten in dieser Position mit dem U-Profil zu verschweißen. Das Verschweißen kann beispielsweise durch ein Laserschweißverfahren erfolgen. However, the U-profile is preferably firmly welded to the printing plates. It is possible to apply in the manufacture of the battery module on the pressure plates on the battery pack a desired bias, which presses the battery cells with the desired force to each other and to weld the printing plates in this position with the U-profile. The welding can be done for example by a laser welding process.
In den Druckplatten können Durchführungen zur Außenseite des Gehäuses vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise für elektrische Anschlussleitungen und Datenleitungen sowie für die Notentgasungsvorrichtung. Das U-Profil sowie der Deckel können hingegen im Wesentlichen geschlossen ausgebildet sein. Sind die notwendigen Anschlüsse des Batteriemoduls in den Druckplatten ausgebildet, so sind sie von den Stirnseiten des Batteriemoduls gut zugänglich, was in vielen Einbausituationen von Vorteil ist. In the pressure plates bushings may be provided to the outside of the housing, for example, for electrical connection lines and data lines and for the Notentgasungsvorrichtung. The U-profile and the lid, however, may be formed substantially closed. Are the necessary connections of the battery module formed in the pressure plates, they are easily accessible from the front sides of the battery module, which is advantageous in many installation situations.
Bei herkömmlichen Batteriemodulen wird zwischen die Außenseite der Batteriezellen und die Spannvorrichtung eine elektrisch isolierende Klebefolie aufgebracht, um die Zellen gegenüber der Spannvorrichtung und der Umgebung zu isolieren. Erfindungsgemäß ist hingegen vorzugsweise die Innenseite des Gehäuses zur elektrischen Isolierung pulverbeschichtet, sodass das Gehäuse gleichzeitig eine elektrische Isolierung bietet. Die Pulverbeschichtung ersetzt die bisherigen Klebefolien, was den Herstellungsaufwand reduziert. In conventional battery modules, an electrically insulating adhesive film is applied between the outside of the battery cells and the tensioning device in order to insulate the cells from the tensioning device and the environment. According to the invention, however, preferably the inside of the housing for electrical insulation is powder-coated, so that the housing simultaneously provides electrical insulation. The powder coating replaces the previous adhesive films, which reduces the production cost.
Das elektrisch angetriebene Fahrzeug ist vorzugsweise ein Motorrad oder ein Motorroller. Das Batteriemodul kann in einen Rahmen des Motorrads oder Motorrollers integriert sein, wobei das Gehäuse in direktem Kontakt mit der Umgebungsluft ist. Da das Batteriemodul durch das wasserdichte Gehäuse gegen Umgebungseinflüsse geschützt ist, kann es so verbaut werden, dass es ohne weiteren Schutz vor Umwelteinflüssen, zum Beispiel ohne ein weiteres Gehäuse, in den Rahmen eingesetzt werden kann. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass durch den Fahrtwind eine Luftkühlung realisiert werden kann und gegebenenfalls auf weitere Kühlsysteme, insbesondere eine Flüssigkeitskühlung, verzichtet werden kann. The electrically powered vehicle is preferably a motorcycle or a scooter. The battery module may be integrated into a frame of the motorcycle or scooter, with the housing in direct contact with the ambient air is. Since the battery module is protected by the waterproof housing against environmental influences, it can be installed so that it can be used without further protection from environmental influences, for example, without another housing in the frame. This has the advantage that an air cooling can be realized by the airstream and, if necessary, further cooling systems, in particular liquid cooling, can be dispensed with.
Es ist auch denkbar, dass das U-Profil Teil des Rahmens des Fahrzeugs ist, also eine (zumindest teilweise) tragende Funktion übernimmt. It is also conceivable that the U-profile is part of the frame of the vehicle, thus assuming a (at least partially) supporting function.
Zur Verbesserung der Kühlwirkung können das U-Profil und/oder die Druckplatten an ihrer Außenseite Kühlrippen aufweisen. To improve the cooling effect, the U-profile and / or the pressure plates can have cooling ribs on their outer side.
Natürlich lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Batteriemodul auch in ein beliebiges anderes elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug einsetzen, beispielsweise einen rein elektrisch angetriebenen PKW, einen Hybrid-PKW oder einen Plug-in Hybrid-PKW. Of course, the battery module according to the invention can also be used in any other electrically powered vehicle, such as a purely electrically powered car, a hybrid car or a plug-in hybrid car.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Bezug auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen zeigen: The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings show:
- Figur 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul in einer schematischen perspektivischen Darstellung; - Figure 1 is a battery module according to the invention in a schematic perspective view;
- Figur 2 das Batteriemodul aus Figur 1 ohne Deckel und ohne Batteriezellen; - Figure 2 shows the battery module of Figure 1 without a lid and without battery cells;
- Figur 3 das Batteriemodul aus Figur 1 , wobei lediglich der Batteriestapel sowie die stirnseitigen Druckplatten gezeigt sind; - Figure 3 shows the battery module of Figure 1, wherein only the battery pack and the end-side printing plates are shown;
- Figur 4 die Baugruppe aus Figur 3 mit einem Deckel; - Figure 4, the assembly of Figure 3 with a lid;
- Figur 5 das Batteriemodul aus Figur 1 ohne Deckel; - Figur 6 das Batteriemodul aus Figur 1 in einer perspektivischen geschnittenen Ansicht; - Figure 5 shows the battery module of Figure 1 without a lid; - Figure 6 shows the battery module of Figure 1 in a perspective sectional view;
- Figur 7 das Batteriemodul aus Figur 1 in einer stirnseitigen Ansicht; und - Figure 7 shows the battery module of Figure 1 in an end view; and
- Figur 8 das Batteriemodul aus Figur 7 einer Ansicht von der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite. - Figure 8, the battery module of Figure 7 a view from the opposite end face.
Figur 1 zeigt ein Batteriemodul 10 für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Motorrad oder einen Motorroller. FIG. 1 shows a battery module 10 for an electrically driven vehicle, in particular a motorcycle or a scooter.
Das Batteriemodul 10 hat ein Gehäuse 12, das zwei stirnseitige Druckplatten 14 sowie ein U-Profil 16 umfasst, wobei die Druckplatten 14 das U-Profil 16 stirnseitig verschließen. Im Inneren des so gebildeten Kastens ist ein Batteriestapel 17 aus mehreren einzelnen Batteriezellen 18 (hier sieben Batteriezellen 18) aufgenommen (siehe beispielsweise Figur 3). The battery module 10 has a housing 12, which comprises two end-side pressure plates 14 and a U-profile 16, wherein the pressure plates 14 close the U-profile 16 on the front side. Inside the box thus formed, a battery stack 17 is accommodated from a plurality of individual battery cells 18 (here seven battery cells 18) (see, for example, FIG. 3).
Das Gehäuse 12 ist durch einen Deckel 20 verschlossen, der die offene Seite des U-Profils 16 abdeckt und der auf den freien Rändern der Druckplatten 14 aufliegt. Die Druckplatten 14, das U-Profil 16 und der Deckei 20 umgeben den Batteriestapel 7 vollständig und schließen ihn gegenüber der Umgebung wasserdicht ab. The housing 12 is closed by a cover 20 which covers the open side of the U-profile 16 and which rests on the free edges of the pressure plates 14. The pressure plates 14, the U-profile 16 and the Deckei 20 surround the battery stack 7 completely and close it from the environment waterproof.
Zur Fertigung des Batteriemoduls 10 wird der Batteriestapel 17 aus den aneinandergereihten losen Batteriezellen 18 zwischen den beiden Druckplatten 14 angeordnet und über eine nicht gezeigte Vorrichtung zusammengedrückt, bis eine gewünschte Vorspannkraft, mit der die einzelnen Batteriezellen 18 aneinander gepresst werden, erreicht ist. In dieser Position werden die Druckplatten 14 mit dem U-Profil 16 verschweißt, beispielsweise mittels Laserschweißen. Der Batteriestapel 17 ist somit ohne die Notwendigkeit einer weiteren Spannvorrichtung mit dem gewünschten Maß an Vorspannung im Gehäuse 12 gehalten. For the manufacture of the battery module 10, the battery stack 17 is arranged from the juxtaposed loose battery cells 18 between the two pressure plates 14 and compressed by a device, not shown, until a desired biasing force with which the individual battery cells 18 are pressed together is reached. In this position, the pressure plates 14 are welded to the U-profile 16, for example by means of laser welding. The battery stack 17 is thus held without the need for a further tensioning device with the desired amount of bias in the housing 12.
Anschließend kann der Deckel 20 aufgesetzt und beispielsweise verschraubt werden, wobei eine (nicht dargestellte) Dichtung vorgesehen ist, um die Wasserdichtigkeit des Gehäuses 2 zu gewährleisten. Die Druckplatten 14 weisen diverse Durchführungen 22 auf, die beispielsweise dazu dienen, elektrische Anschlusskabel 24 mit den Batteriezellen 18 zu verbinden. An einer der Durchführungen 22 ist hier eine Notentgasungsvorrichtung 26 angebracht, die bei einem im Inneren des Gehäuses 12 entstehenden Überdruck Gas nach außen abgeben kann. Sie kann auch dazu eingesetzt werden, ständig einen Druckausgleich zur Umgebung zu schaffen. Es ist möglich, in der Notentgasungsvorrichtung 26 eine gasdurchlässige, wasserundurchlässige Membran zu verwenden. Subsequently, the lid 20 can be placed and screwed, for example, with a (not shown) seal is provided to ensure the waterproofness of the housing 2. The printing plates 14 have various bushings 22, which serve, for example, to connect electrical connection cables 24 to the battery cells 18. At one of the bushings 22 an emergency degassing device 26 is mounted here, which can deliver gas at a pressure generated in the interior of the housing 12 gas to the outside. It can also be used to constantly provide pressure equalization to the environment. It is possible to use a gas-permeable, water-impermeable membrane in the emergency degassing device 26.
Die Innenseite des Gehäuses 12 ist mit einer Beschichtung versehen, die die Batteriezellen 18 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 12 elektrisch isoliert. Die Beschichtung ist hier in Form einer (nicht näher dargestellten) Pulverbeschichtung realisiert, die vor dem Zusammenbau der einzelnen Komponenten auf die Druckplatten 14, das U -Profil 16 und den Deckel 20 aufgebracht wird. The inside of the housing 12 is provided with a coating which electrically insulates the battery cells 18 from the housing 12. The coating is realized here in the form of a (not shown) powder coating, which is applied to the pressure plates 14, the U-profile 16 and the cover 20 prior to assembly of the individual components.
Auf eine weitere elektrische Isolierung des Batteriestapels 17 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 12 wird hier verzichtet. Zwischen den einzelnen Batteriezellen 18 des Batteriestapels 17 können wie bekannt selbstklebende elektrisch isolierende Folien vorgesehen sein (nicht dargestellt). On a further electrical insulation of the battery stack 17 relative to the housing 12 is omitted here. As is known, self-adhesive electrically insulating foils may be provided between the individual battery cells 18 of the battery stack 17 (not shown).
Im Inneren des Gehäuses 12 sind in diesem Beispiel auch die notwendigen elektronischen Komponenten einer Modulelektronik 28 des Batteriemoduls 10 aufgenommen, beispielsweise eineIn the interior of the housing 12, the necessary electronic components of a module electronics 28 of the battery module 10 are included in this example, for example a
Zellüberwachungseinheit, ein Batteriemanagementsystem, ein Stromsensor, ein Halbleiterschütz und eine Sicherung. In diesem Fall sind diese zwischen dem Batteriestapel 17 und dem Deckel 20 angeordnet, wo sie auf einer oder mehreren Platinen platziert sind (siehe Figuren 5 und 6). Cell monitoring unit, a battery management system, a current sensor, a semiconductor contactor and a fuse. In this case they are arranged between the battery stack 17 and the cover 20, where they are placed on one or more circuit boards (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
Das Batteriemodul 10 wird in diesem Beispiel direkt an einen Rahmen eines Motorrads oder Motorrollers montiert, ohne dass ein zusätzliches wasserdichtes Gehäuse vorgesehen wäre. Es ist natürlich möglich, ein Verkleidungsteil über dem Batteriemodul 10 anzuordnen. Jedoch ist vorzugsweise ein direkter Kontakt mit Umgebungsluft gegeben, die entlang des Batteriemoduls 10 strömen kann (nicht näher gezeigt). The battery module 10 is mounted directly to a frame of a motorcycle or scooter in this example, without an additional waterproof housing would be provided. It is of course possible to arrange a trim part over the battery module 10. However, that is preferably a direct contact with ambient air, which can flow along the battery module 10 (not shown in detail).
Das Batteriemodul 10 ist hier luftgekühlt. Zu diesem Zweck weisen sowohl das U-Profil 16 als auch die Druckplatten 14 jeweils eine Reihe von parallel verlaufenden Kühlrippen 30 auf. Die Kühlrippen 30 sind im eingebauten Zustand im Wesentlichen parallel zum Luftstrom ausgerichtet. The battery module 10 is here air-cooled. For this purpose, both the U-profile 16 and the pressure plates 14 each have a number of parallel cooling fins 30. The cooling fins 30 are aligned in the installed state substantially parallel to the air flow.
Die Kühlung durch den Fahrtwind kann ausreichend sein, sodass gegebenenfalls auf weitere Kühlsysteme, insbesondere eine Wasserkühlung, verzichtet werden kann. Jedoch kann beispielsweise eine zusätzliche ventilatorgestützte Luftkühlung vorgesehen sein. The cooling by the airstream may be sufficient, so that it may be possible to dispense with further cooling systems, in particular water cooling. However, for example, an additional fan-assisted air cooling can be provided.
Es ist auch möglich, nicht nur eines der gezeigten Batteriemodule 10 zu verbauen, sondern mehrere Batteriemodule 10, die parallel oder in Reihe verschaltet werden können. It is also possible to install not only one of the battery modules 10 shown, but a plurality of battery modules 10, which can be connected in parallel or in series.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Batteriemodul für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug, mit mehreren in einem Batteriestapel angeordneten Batteriezellen (18) und einem den Batteriestapel (17) umgebenden Gehäuse (12), das zwei auf den Stirnseiten des Batteriestapels (17) angeordnete Druckplatten (14) und ein den Batteriestapel (17) aufnehmendes U-Profil (16) sowie einen die offene Seite des U-Profils (16) verschließenden Deckel (20) umfasst, wobei die Druckplatten (14), das U-Profil (16) und der Deckel (20) den Batteriestapel (17) wasserdicht gegenüber der Umgebung abschließen. 1. Battery module for an electrically driven vehicle, with a plurality of battery cells arranged in a battery cell (18) and a battery stack (17) surrounding the housing (12), the two arranged on the end faces of the battery stack (17) pressure plates (14) and a Battery pack (17) receiving U-profile (16) and a the open side of the U-profile (16) closing lid (20), wherein the pressure plates (14), the U-profile (16) and the lid (20) make the battery pack (17) watertight to the environment.
2. Batteriemodul nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Gehäuse (12) eine Modulelektronik (28) für das Batteriemodul (10) aufgenommen ist. 2. Battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that in the housing (12) a module electronics (28) for the battery module (10) is accommodated.
3. Batteriemodul nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Modulelektronik (28) einen Zellüberwachungseinheit (CSC), ein Batteriemanagementsystem, einen Stromsensor, ein Schütz und/oder eine Sicherung umfasst. 3. Battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that the module electronics (28) comprises a cell monitoring unit (CSC), a battery management system, a current sensor, a contactor and / or a fuse.
4. Batteriemodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Gehäuse (12) eine Notentgasungsvorrichtung (26) vorgesehen ist. 4. Battery module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the housing (12) an emergency degassing device (26) is provided.
5. Batteriemodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Deckel (20) und den Druckplatten (14) sowie dem U-Profil (16) eine Dichtung vorgesehen ist. 5. Battery module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the cover (20) and the pressure plates (14) and the U-profile (16) is provided a seal.
6. Batteriemodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das U-Profil (16) mit den Druckplatten (14) verschweißt ist. 6. Battery module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the U-profile (16) with the pressure plates (14) is welded.
7. Batteriemodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet» dass in den Druckplatten (14) Durchführungen (22) zur Außenseite des Gehäuses (12) vorgesehen sind. 7. The battery module of one of the preceding claims, characterized in "that the pressure plates (14) through guides (22) to the outside of the housing (12) are provided.
8. Batteriemodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenseite des Gehäuses (12) zur elektrischen Isolierung pulverbeschichtet ist. 8. Battery module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inside of the housing (12) is powder-coated for electrical insulation.
9. Batteriemodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriemodul ( 0) in einen Rahmen eines Motorrads oder Motorrollers integriert ist und das Gehäuse (12) in direktem Kontakt mit der Umgebungsluft ist. 9. Battery module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery module (0) is integrated in a frame of a motorcycle or scooter and the housing (12) is in direct contact with the ambient air.
10. Batteriemodul nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ii- Profil (16) und/oder die Druckplatten (14) an ihrer Außenseite Kühlrippen (30) aufweisen. 10. Battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that the Ii- profile (16) and / or the pressure plates (14) on their outer side cooling ribs (30).
PCT/EP2015/065455 2014-07-31 2015-07-07 Battery module WO2016015958A1 (en)

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