WO2016015114A1

WO2016015114A1 - Perception aid device, method for incorporating the light filter in the substrate, and use of the device

Info

Publication number: WO2016015114A1
Application number: PCT/BR2015/000114
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nilton Luiz Menegon; Luiz Otávio dos Santos ARANTES; Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira MILORI
Original assignee: Fundação Universidade Federal De São Carlos
Priority date: 2014-07-29
Filing date: 2015-07-27
Publication date: 2016-02-04
Also published as: BR102014018727A2

Abstract

The present invention describes a perception aid device for visually inspecting HLP in the field, comprising a light filter applied to a substrate. The device intensifies the contrast between the green colour and the yellow colour which characterises the mottling of the leaves, making it easier for an HLB inspector to identify the disease. Moreover, the device blocks ultraviolet radiation, protecting the users from the light of the and enhancing their visual comfort during their activity. The invention further describes the method for incorporating the light filter in the substrate, which is achieved by immersing the substrate in a suitable colouring agent with controlled parameters, and the use of the device for visual inspection of HLP or citrus greening in the field.

Description

PERCEPTIVE AID DEVICE, INCORPORATION PROCESS

OF THE LIGHT FILTER IN THE SUBSTRATE AND USE OF THE DEVICE

Field of the invention:

[1] The present invention is within the agricultural field and describes a perceptive aid device comprising a light filter, whose light filter is applied to a substrate, such as an ophthalmic lens.

[2] The invention describes the process of incorporating the light filter into the substrate, which occurs by immersing the substrate in the appropriate dye with controlled parameters, as well as using the device for visual inspection of HLB or field greening.

Background of the invention:

[3] Greening or huanglongbing (HLB) is a disease originating in China which is caused by Candidate Liberibactar spp, Candidatua Liberibacter africanus, Candidate Liberibacter asiaticus, and Candidate American Liberibacter bacteria.

[4] HLB has been described in the United States (2005), Cuba (2007) and Dominican Republic (2009) and has been reported in Mexico, Belize, Jamaica and Puerto Rico (2009).

[5] The disease affects citrus fruits (orange, lemon and tangerine) by colonizing its phloem, leaving its leaves yellow and mottled. All citrus cultivars and their hybrids are affected by HLB, with sweet oranges, mandarins and hybrids being the most susceptible.

[6] Contamination of an unharmed area occurs by vector insects or by planting infected seedlings. Among the vector insects, one can mention Diaphorina citri, from Psylidae family, and Trioza erytreae from the Triozidae family.

[7] The bacteria that cause HLB, as well as the insect vector, have, as host, Murraya panlculata, a plant known as myrtle.

[8] The incubation of the disease occurs within 6 to 12 months, which can cause the plant to decline, drastically reduce production and kill, so far there are no curative methods for its control.

[9] The recommended control is based on a tripod that includes: planting healthy seedlings, eliminating diseased plants and controlling the insect vector (D. citri). Encouraging results have been obtained by removing infected plants, identified by visual inspections by trained inspectors looking for orchard symptoms.

[10] The onset of symptoms occurs on the leaves of the plant and is characterized by branches that lose part of their green coloration, appearing partially yellow and green, without a clear delimitation between these two colors.

[11] This type of symptom is called "mottled" and is the most characteristic symptom of plants with HLB, and has been observed everywhere where the disease has been described to date.

[12] Bacterial distribution can occur unevenly, leading in most cases to symptoms in a single tree setot.

[13] Leaves may sprout to a small size and show chlorosis (yellowing) resembling a symptom of zinc or iron deficiency. Chlorosis caused by HLB, however, is asymmetrically distributed on the sheet.

[14] Symptomatic fruits are usually small and deformed and may have full or partially green skin in the basal portion, as well as thickening of the albedo (white part of the skin) and aborted seeds.

[15] The field visual inspection process has high failure rates. Thus, the "leaks" left by the inspections allow symptomatic plants to be kept in citrus orchards, allowing the disease to proliferate to healthy plants.

[16] Many techniques have been developed to improve the identification of infected plants, but so far no device has been developed for application in visual inspection of HLB in the field.

[17] In view of the difficulties in detecting plant disease, the present invention is a device comprising a light filter.

[18] The device highlights the main symptom of HLB, leaf mottling, thus providing perceptive help in the field. The highlighting of the symptom is generated by intensifying the contrast between green and yellow and lighter d * green tones corresponding to the disease.

[19] The invention further describes the process of incorporating the light filter into the substrate, which occurs by immersing the substrate in the appropriate dye with controlled parameters, as well as using the device to inspect HLB visual or field greening. .

State of the art: [20] To date, there are no devices, technologies or products' associated with HLB's visual inspection work to improve the efficiency of this field activity.

[21] JP2003014650-A reports on the configuration of an automated fruit surface defect identification device comprising a light emitter in the ultraviolet region and image capture to identify fluorescence imperfections. The images are directed to a control unit, which judges whether the fruit is "fresh" or not.

[22] Another image processing device is disclosed in JP6129987-A, which has a conveyor belt that carries the fruits to a dark camera with ultraviolet radiation _/ to make the damaged part of the fruits excited by emission. .

[23] Like these, JP2002286647-A and JP2002296190-A are variations based on the same concept of ultraviolet light emission on fruits and fluorescence damage or imperfection identification, thus utilizing image processing and decision automation.

[24] In the aforementioned devices, any imperfections on the surface of the fruit will be highlighted, be it a disease associated with a pest, a possible nutritional deficiency or a damage caused in transport.

[25] As regards light filters, PI 9204860-9 describes a light filter which consists of the composition of translucent colorless priraa material and an amber micro pigment which upon homogenization becomes amber in color. and may be injected or extruded for use in safety goggles or other models.

[26] US 8,210,678 B1 discloses a polarized sunglasses lens with a light filter, composed of multiband contrast enhancer, which provides relatively high transmittances for red, green and blue portions and blocks ultraviolet wavelengths. and violet in the visible spectrum.

[27] US 2007/171537 Al discloses a contrast enhancing lens consisting of a 9% neodymium and 3% praseodymium light filter that absorbs blue and yellow wavelengths providing the wearer best distinction between red and green. The invention additionally contains an adhesive without optical properties, in addition to an ultraviolet blocking lens and a light biasing membrane between them.

[28] US 6,811,258 B1 discloses spectacles for enhancing visual contrast by means of heteroeromic light filtration. The invention has two lenses, one light green and one dark yellow. Its use generates color competition in the retina of both eyes, stimulating better visual contrast, especially in dimly lit environments or at night.

[29] US 2009/0201581 A1 claims a binocular optical system containing a pair of drums, each of which is comprised of a converging objective lens, a prismatic element, an image lens for enlarging the image, and a filter filter substrate. colors in which the color of transmitted light varies with the angle of incidence of light in relation to the substrate plane. This substrate is mounted under a user-controlled rotary axis, allowing it to control the color rendering improvement itself.

[30] OS 2010/0232003 A1 presents an optical article with dynamic color filtering system, implementing one color under low illumination (passive state) and another color under brighter lighting conditions (activated state), providing improved contrast between the object of interest and the environment. The invention consists of a substrate and a coloring composition attached to at least a portion of the substrate. The dye composition includes a fixed shade dye and a photochromic material, which enables the switch from passive to activated state in response to exposure to actinic radiation. The effect is thermally reversible to the passive state.

[31] US 6-382,788 B1 describes a spectacle whose function is to make the outline and slightly colored objects more evident in field of view dominated by green vegetation. The invention is particularly intended to allow a golfer to clearly distinguish the curvature and slope contours of a grass-covered golf course in a clear manner, and to make it easier to find golf balls on the lawn and rugged vegetation. The document also presents the characteristic transmittance curve generated by the lenses of the invention.

C32] US 8,094,394 B2 relates to optical filters using localized plasmid surfaces. The document describes different arrangements of multilayer metallic thin films on a substrate. dielectric, so that the transmission spectrum is dependent on the wavelength of the light-induced plasmid surface on the metal surface.

[33] Thus, the proposed device now operates. as a perceptive aid to the inspector in identifying the disease in the field.

[34] The device enhances the contrast between the characteristic colors of the mottled, giving its users easier field identification of HLB during inspection activity.

Brief Description of the Invention:

[35] The present invention describes a perceptive aid device for the visual inspection of HLB in the field, comprising a light filter applied to a substrate.

[36] The device enhances the contrast between green and yellow, characteristic of leaf "mottling", to facilitate identification of the disease by the HLB inspector.

[37] In addition, the device blocks ultraviolet drains, providing the user with protection from sunlight and visual comfort for performing their activity.

[38] The invention further describes the process of incorporating the light filter into the substrate, which occurs by immersing the substrate in the appropriate dye with controlled parameters, as well as the use of the device in HLB visual inspection or field greening. .

Brief description of the figures:

[39] Figure 1 shows the side profile of the perceptive aid device of the present invention.

(401 Figure 2 graphically represents the spectrum of transmittance of the device (1) of the present invention.

[41] Figures 3A, 3B and 3C graph the transmittance spectra of commercial filters A, B and C.

DATA DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

[42] To describe the present invention, specific terminology is used. However, the invention is not limited to the terms chosen, such that each specific term includes its technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner to fulfill their purpose.

[43] Accordingly, the perceptive aid device for visual field MLB inspection (1) comprises a light filter compound (2) and a substrate (3), wherein the light filter compound (2) is applied to a substrate (3), wherein the lux filter (2) significantly reduces the transmission of intermediate wavelengths of the visible spectrum (see figure 1).

[44] The range of wavelengths that suffer the most transmission block is that of green (between 500 and 565nm). · Other colors suffer less impact.

[45] Specifically, the wavelength transmission relative to the yellow color (between 565 and 590nm) is 2 to 3 times more intense when compared to the green wavelengths, which are blocked.

[46] Thus, the device is used for visual inspection of HLB or greening in the field, as it allows for increased contrast between green and yellow colors, allowing the identification of peripheral tones that would not be perceived.

[47] In view of the above, small changes from green to yellow due to HLB can be noted, allowing premature identification of diseased plants.

[48] The light filter (2) is obtained by staining the substrate (3) by a process performed from the specific preparation of dyes to obtain the desired color torus.

[49] From Color Theory, it is known that in order to absorb a particular color, a body must reflect the color complementary to it (therefore, it must be the reflected color).

[50] Thus, to block the green color, the perceptual aid device's coloration must be magenta (also called fuchsia} or one of its variations, such as pink or pink.

[51] The invention further describes the process of incorporating the light filter into the substrate.

[52] In order to incorporate the light filter (2) of the desired coloration, the substrate is immersed by a support in the solution comprising a powder pigment dissolved in water with the application of a dispersant.

[53] The pigment is chosen according to its transmittance spectrum.

[54] The substrate is kept in solution until the desired coloration is achieved.

[55] The color density is proportional to the residence time in the staining solution and the temperature, which ranges from 80 to 100 * C, preferably 93 ° C.

[56] Verification of desired coloration has no objective controls and is performed by trained color visualization professionals.

[57] The deposition of said light filter (2) on the substrate (3) promotes the formation of a film with a thickness from 5 to 150 microns, preferably 76.2 microns.

[58] As substrate (3), a flat or corrective, single or multifocal ophthalmic lens, polarized or not, of a material susceptible to staining is used.

[59] Substrate-suitable materials include: allyl diglycol carbonate (also called CR-39 resin), polycarbonate, urethane prepolymer (also called trivex) or thiourethane (also called high index} .

[60] In addition, substrate treatments such as anti-UV, anti-scratch, anti-glare and anti-fog are allowed before and / or after staining according to the technique to be used.

[61] The light filter (2) can also be applied to personal protective equipment (PPE) such as safety goggles or propionate, acetate, polycarbonate or PETG face shields,

[62] Figure 2 shows the transmittance spectrum of the device (1) of the invention and Table 1 below shows the minimum and maximum transmittance values for each wavelength range.

[63] For orange (590 to 625nm) and red (625 to 740nra) wavelengths, device (l) has a high light transmission rate of over 70%, reaching up to 90%.

[64] The filter (2) also gives relatively high transmittance in the range between violet (380 to 440nm) and blue (440 to 485nm), with peak transmittance between the two colors at approximately 430nm.

[65] For wavelength values below 380 nm (UV rays), the transmittance is practically zero, while the cyan color wavelength range (485 and 500nm) exhibits transient behavior for the lowest transmittance range, relative to the color green.

[66] Because the filter (2) is complementary in color to green, the range between 500nm and 565nm has a reduced transmittance of around 20 to 30% only. In turn, the yellow wavelength range (565 to 590nm) shows a significant increase in transmittance, allowing an increase from 30% to close to 70%.

[67] In view of this, device (1) allows for increased contrast between green and yellow, characteristic of HLB disease.

Tests performed:

- Definition of the most suitable light filter:

[68] In order to determine which light filter would be most suitable for the proposed purpose, 3 commercial filters were purchased from the same manufacturer, which presents different transmittance percentages, namely:

Filter A - 28% Transmittance (Trade name: Deep Pink)

Filter B - 6% transmittance (Trade name: Magenta}

Filter C - 4% Transmittance (Trade name: Medium purple)

[69] The transmittance spectra provided by the filter manufacturer and shown in Figures 3A, 3B and 3C indicate that filter A has the highest total transmittance, followed by filter B and finally filter C.

[70] Light filters have wavelength peaks around 425 nm, with 50% transmission, low transmission at intermediate wavelengths and increased transmission from 600 nm (values close to 90%).

Field light filter analysis

[71] Direct visual analysis through the filters has shown that filter A, as expected, has a "clearer" image than the others. This is due to its higher total transmission coefficient,

[72] This feature is very important for the purpose as it enables an increase in contrast between the mottled colors.

[73] Although color theory reports magenta as a lens color to intensify mottled leaf color contrast, field tests with magenta light filters (filter B) and two similar colors (filters A and C } indicated that the magenta filter (filter B) was not the most suitable for HLB visual inspection activity. [74] Differentiation may be associated with the characteristic green color of the disease other than the green color used for theoretical analysis.

Claims

A perceptive aid device comprising a light filter compound and a substrate, wherein the light filter compound (2) is applied to the substrate (3) by means of the substrate coloring process (3) which promotes the formation of a film with a thickness of 5 to 50 microns, preferably 76.2 microns.

Perceptive aid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light filter (2) has transmission blocking of the wavelengths relative to green and more intense transmission of the wavelengths relative to yellow. Perceptive aid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light filter (2) consists of dyes prepared to obtain the desired shade of color.

Perceptive aid device according to claim 3, characterized in that the dye is magenta or fuchsia or pinkish or pin.

Perceptive aid device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the substrate (3) is a flat or corrective single or multifocal ophthalmic lens, polarized or not, of material susceptible to staining.

Perceptive aid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate (3) is made of materials such as: allyl diglycol carbonate, polycarbonate, urethane or thiurethane prepolymer.

Process for incorporating the light filter (2) into the substrate (3), which consists of dipping the substrate (3) by a support in the solution comprising a powder pigment dissolved in water with the application of a dispersant.

Process according to Claim 8, characterized in that the substrate is kept in solution until the desired coloration is achieved.

Use of the device as defined in any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that it is for visual inspection of HLB or field greening.