WO2016014413A1 - Dispositifs de protection de piliers pour plate-formes auto-élévatrices - Google Patents

Dispositifs de protection de piliers pour plate-formes auto-élévatrices Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016014413A1
WO2016014413A1 PCT/US2015/041145 US2015041145W WO2016014413A1 WO 2016014413 A1 WO2016014413 A1 WO 2016014413A1 US 2015041145 W US2015041145 W US 2015041145W WO 2016014413 A1 WO2016014413 A1 WO 2016014413A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
leg
jack
rig
legs
certain embodiments
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/041145
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Guang Li
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Company
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Oil Company, Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. filed Critical Shell Oil Company
Publication of WO2016014413A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016014413A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
    • E02B17/0021—Means for protecting offshore constructions against ice-loads

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to leg protectors. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to leg protectors for jack-up rigs and associated systems and methods.
  • offshore platforms are large structures that may have facilities to drill wells, to extract and process oil and natural gas, and to temporarily store products until they can be brought to shore for refining and marketing.
  • One type of offshore platform used is a jack-up rig.
  • a jack-up rig is a type of mobile platform that may comprise a buoyant hull fitted with a number of movable legs, capable of raising its hull over the surface of the sea.
  • the buoyant hull enables transportation of the unit and all attached machinery to a desired location.
  • the jack-up rig may be maneuvered into location with its legs up and the hull floating on the water. Upon arrival at the work location, the legs may be jacked down onto the seafloor. Then "preloading" may take place, where the weight of the barge and additional ballast water are used to drive the legs securely into the sea bottom so they will not penetrate further while operations are carried out.
  • the jacking system may be used to raise the entire barge above the water to a predetermined height or "air gap," so that wave, tidal and current loading acts only on the relatively slender legs and not on the barge hull.
  • the legs of such units may be designed to penetrate the sea bed, may be fitted with enlarged sections or footings, or may be attached to a bottom mat.
  • the legs may be designed to handle the tidal and current loading, the legs may still be damaged by external forces such as ice floes or ship impacts. It is desirable to develop an apparatus to protect the jack-up legs from external forces such as ice floes or ship impacts.
  • the present disclosure relates generally to leg protectors. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to leg protectors for jack-up rigs and associated systems and methods.
  • the present disclosure provides a leg protector for a jack-up rig, wherein the leg protector comprises a body comprising an inner surface and one or more protrusions disposed on the inner surface.
  • the present disclosure provides a jack-up rig comprising: a hull, one or more legs connected to the hull, and one or more leg protectors connected to the one or more legs.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of installing a jack-up rig comprising: transporting a jack-up rig to an offshore location, wherein the jack-up rig comprises a hull, one or more legs connected to the hull, and one or more leg protectors connected to the one or more legs and extending the one or more legs of the jack-up rig to the sea floor.
  • Figure 1A is an illustration of a leg protector for a jack-up rig in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure IB is partial cut away view of a leg protector for a jack-up rig in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is an illustration of leg of a jack-up rig in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 3 A and 3B are illustrations of jack-up rig system in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure relates generally to leg protectors. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to leg protectors for jack-up rigs and associated systems and methods.
  • the leg protectors discussed herein may be able to protect the legs of the jack-up rig from external forces such as ice floes or ship impacts. In certain embodiments, these leg protectors may be easily fixed to different elevations along the legs depending where the most severe external forces could be. The use of the leg protectors may also enable to use of lighter legs and allow the use of lattice legs rather than tubular legs. In addition, the leg protectors described herein may introduce bending (instead of crushing) failure in ice to reduce ice loads and ice induced vibrations. In addition, the interior surfaces of the protectors may comprise portions capable of rotating the protectors in a desired orientation so that the legs can be passed through the protectors until the desired elevation is reached.
  • leg protector 100 may be a buoyant structure capable of floating on a sea surface.
  • the leg protector may be filled with water or sand so that it is heavier than its buoyancy force.
  • leg protector 100 may be capable of floating on a sea surface while a leg of a jack-up rig is extended through leg protector 100.
  • leg protector 100 may comprise a body 110.
  • body 110 may be hollow.
  • body 110 may comprise an outer surface 111, an inner surface 112, and a bottom surface 113.
  • outer surface 111, inner surface 112, and bottom surface 113 may define an interior.
  • the interior may be filled with air, water, or sand.
  • outer surface 111, inner surface 112, and bottom surface 113 may have a thickness of one inch or more.
  • body 110 may comprise a top opening 114 and a bottom opening 115.
  • top opening 114 may be a circular opening with a diameter in the range of from five to 100 feet.
  • bottom opening 115 may be a circular opening with a diameter in the range of from five to 100 feet.
  • top opening 114 and/or bottom opening 115 may have a cross section of any shape, including, but not limited to, rectangular, square, triangular, and hexagon.
  • body 110 may be conically shaped comprising a number of circular cross sections of decreasing size.
  • the diameter of the circular cross sections may range from a diameter of two hundred feet to the diameter of top opening 114.
  • body 110 may be from five to 100 feet tall.
  • body 110 may be constructed out of any material. In certain embodiments, body 110 may be constructed of steel. In certain embodiments, body 110 may have an overall thickness of from one to six inches.
  • body 110 may comprise a number of protrusions 120 on inner surface 112.
  • protrusions 120 may comprise positioners 121 and stoppers 122.
  • protrusions 120 may be welded onto inner surface 112. In other embodiments, protrusions 120 may comprise a part of surface 112.
  • positioner 121 may be a raised edge.
  • the raised edge may have a simple geometry.
  • the raised edge may have a geometry of that of a non- vertical, nor-horizontal line.
  • the line may have an angle of from 20 to 70°.
  • the raised edge may be raised by one to ten inches.
  • protrusions 120 may comprise multiple positioners 121.
  • protrusions 120 may comprise two, three, four, five, or six positioners 121 disposed equispaced on a circumference of surface 112.
  • protrusions 120 may comprise a pair of positioners 121 or two, three, four, five, or six pairs of positioners 121 disposed equispaced on a circumference of surface 112.
  • the positioners 121 in each pair of positioners 121 may be from two to twenty inches apart.
  • each pair of positioners 121 may comprise inside edges 123, first outside edge 124, and/or a second outside edge 125.
  • positioners 121 are capable of engaging a pin on a leg of a jack-up rig.
  • positioners 121 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with inside edges 123 and/or first outside edge 124 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100.
  • positioners 121 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate counter-clockwise a pin of the leg is engaged with inside edges 123 and/or second outside edge 125 while the leg is raised relative to leg protector 100.
  • positioners 121 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate counter-clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with inside edges 123 and/or first outside edge 124 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100. In certain embodiments, positioners 121 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with inside edges 123 and/or second outside edge 125 while the leg is raised relative to leg protector 100.
  • stoppers 122 may be a raised edge.
  • the raised edge may have a complex geometry comprising multiple edges.
  • the raised edge may have geometry of that of multiple lines.
  • the raised edge may be raised from one to ten inches.
  • each stopper 122 may comprise first outside edge 126, first inside edge 127, second inside edge 128, and/or second outside edge 129.
  • a stopper 122 may be disposed above each positioner 121. In certain embodiments, a stopper 122 may be disposed above each pair of positioners 121. In certain embodiments, each stopper 122 may be disposed eight to sixty inches above each positioner 121 or pair of positioners 121.
  • stoppers 122 are capable of engaging a pin on a leg of a jack-up rig.
  • stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate counter-clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with first outside edge 126 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100.
  • stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with second outside edge 129 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100.
  • stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged first inside edge 127 while the leg is raised relative to leg protector 100. In certain embodiments, stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to not rotate when a pin of the leg is engaged with second inside edge 128 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100.
  • stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with first outside edge 126 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100. In certain embodiments, stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate counter-clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged with second outside edge 129 while the leg is lowered relative to leg protector 100. In certain embodiments, stoppers 122 may have a geometry that permits and/or requires leg protector 100 to rotate counter-clockwise when a pin of the leg is engaged first inside edge 127 while the leg is raised relative to leg protector 100.
  • positioners 121 and stoppers 122 may have a geometry and a location that allow for a pin of a leg of a jack-up rig to be placed into a "locked position.”
  • locked position refers to an engagement of the pin and the stopper such that the leg protector can only move in one direction relative to leg protector 100.
  • the pin may be in a locked position when it contacts first inside edge 127 and/or second inside edge 128.
  • the pin of a leg of the jack-up rig may be placed into a locked position by several different steps.
  • the pin of a leg of the jack-up rig may be placed into a locked position by first raising leg of a jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 so that a pin engages positioner 121, then raising the leg of a jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is contacting inside edges 123, then raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 until the pin makes contact with stopper 122, and then raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is in contact with first inside edge 127 until the leg is in the locked position.
  • the pin of a leg of the jack-up rig may be placed into a locked position by first raising the leg of a jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is contacting inside edges 123, then raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 until the pin makes contact with stopper 122, and then raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is in contact with first inside edge 127 until the leg is in the locked position.
  • the pin of a leg of the jack-up rig may be placed into a locked position by first raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 until the pin makes contact with stopper 122 and then raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is in contact with first inside edge 127 until the leg is in the locked position.
  • the pin of a leg of the jack-up rig may be placed into a locked position by raising the leg of the jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is in contact with first inside edge 127 until the leg is in the locked position.
  • positioners 121 and stoppers 122 may have a geometry and a location that allow for a pin of a leg of a jack-up rig to be removed from the locked position.
  • the pin of a leg of the jack-up rig may be removed from the locked position by first lowering the leg of a jack-up rig relative to leg protector 100 while a pin on the leg is in contact with second inside edge 128, then lowering the leg relative to leg protector 100 until it contacts fist outside edge 124 of positioner 121, and then further lowering the leg relative to leg protector 100 until the pin is no longer contacting first outside edge 124.
  • the leg of the jack-up rig is then placed into an "unlocked position.”
  • the term “unlocked position” refers to an engagement of the pin and the protrusion such that the leg may be lowered and raised relative to leg protector 100 so that the pin passes through the protrusions 120 without contacting inside edge 123, first inside edge 127, and second inside edge 128.
  • the pin may not be placed into the locked position by simply raising or lowering the legs relative to leg protector 100.
  • Figure 2 is an illustration of a leg 200 of a jack-up rig in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • leg 200 may comprise outside surface 210, one or more pins 220, and a spud can 230.
  • leg 200 may be any type of leg for a jack-up rig.
  • leg structure 200 may have a cylindrical shape or a lattice structure with a width of from five to 100 feet.
  • leg 200 may be constructed of steel.
  • leg 200 may comprise an outside surface 210.
  • leg 200 may have a cross sectional geometry similar to opening 114 (not illustrated in Figure 2) of leg protector 100 (not illustrated in Figure 2).
  • leg 200 may have a diameter equal to the diameter of opening 114 (not illustrated in figure 2) of leg protector 100 (not illustrated in Figure 2).
  • a number of pins 220 may be disposed on outside surface 210 of leg 200. In certain embodiments, pins 220 may be welded onto outside surface 210. In other embodiments, pins 220 may comprise a part of outside surface 210.
  • leg 200 may comprise one, two, three, four five or six pins 220 may be disposed equispaced on a circumference of outside surface 210.
  • leg 200 may comprise a pair of pins 220 or may comprise, or two, three four, five or six pairs of pins 220 disposed equispaced on a circumference of outside surface 210.
  • the pins 220 in each pair of pins 220 may be two to twenty inches apart.
  • leg 200 may comprise a vertical array of pins 220. In certain embodiments, leg 200 may comprise from two to ten rows of pins 220. In certain embodiments, pins 220 are capable of engaging a positioner and a stopper on a leg protector.
  • spud can 230 may comprise any conventional spud can.
  • FIGS 3 A and 3B are illustrations of a jack-up rig system 300.
  • jack-up rig system 300 may comprise a jack-up rig 310 floating on a sea surface 320 above a sea floor 330.
  • jack-up rig 310 may comprise any type of jack-up rig. Examples of suitable jack-up rigs are disclosed in United States Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0128426, the entirety of which is herby incorporated by reference.
  • jack-up rig 310 may comprise a hull 313 and one or more legs 311.
  • the one or more legs 311 may comprise any combination of features discussed above with respect to leg 200.
  • the one or more legs 311 may comprise one or more spud cans 315.
  • the one or more legs 311 may comprise one or more leg protectors 312.
  • the one or more legs protectors 312 may comprise any combination of features discussed above with respect to leg protector 100.
  • hull 313 may be a buoyant hull. In other embodiments, hull 313 may not be a buoyant hull. In certain embodiments, hull 313 may comprise one or more cavities 314. In certain embodiments, as shown in Figure 3A, one or more leg protectors 312 may be disposed within the one or more cavities 314. In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 3B, one or more leg protectors 312 are not disposed within the one or more cavities 314.
  • one or more legs 311 may be attached to hull 313 by any conventional means. In certain embodiments, one or more legs 311 may be attached to hull 313 a jacking and locking mechanism. In certain embodiments, the one or more legs 311 may be movable legs that can be extended above and/or below the hull 313. In certain embodiments, the one or more legs 311 may be extended above and/or below the hull by a rack and pinion mechanism.
  • the one or more legs 311 may not be extended to sea floor 330.
  • the one or more leg protectors 313 may be disposed within the cavities 314 and rest on top of the one or more spud cans 315.
  • the one or more legs 311 may be extended to sea floor 330.
  • hull 313 may be located above the sea surface 320 and the one or more leg protectors 312 may be positioned on the one or more legs 311 at sea surface 320.
  • the one or more leg protectors 312 may be in a locked position on the one or more legs 311.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of installing a jack-up rig comprising: transporting a jack-up rig to an offshore location, wherein the jack-up rig comprises a hull, one or more legs connected to the hull, and one or more leg protectors connected to the one or more legs and extending the one or more legs of the jack-up rig to the sea floor
  • the jack-up rig may comprise any combination of features discussed above with respect to jack-up rig 310.
  • the hull may comprise any combination of features discussed above with respect to hull 313.
  • the one or more legs may comprise any combination of features discussed above with respect to legs 311 and/or leg 200.
  • the one or more leg protectors may comprise any combination of features discussed above with respect to leg protectors 312 and/or leg protector 100.
  • transporting a jack-up rig to an offshore location may comprise transporting a jack-up rig to an offshore location while the one or more legs are retracted into the hull.
  • the one or more leg protectors may be disposed within one or more cavities of the hull. In such embodiments, the one or more leg protectors may be resting on top of the one or more spud cans.
  • extending the one or more legs of the jack-up rig to the sea floor may first comprise extending the legs to the sea surface.
  • the one or more legs of the jack-up rig may be extended to the sea surface such that the leg protectors may be lowered to the sea surface. Once the leg protectors are lowered to the sea surface, the legs may then be further extended to the sea floor.
  • the leg protectors may float at the sea surface. In such embodiments, the leg protectors may swivel clockwise and counter-clockwise as the one or more protrusions contact the pins of the legs.
  • extending the one or more legs of the jack-up rig to the sea floor may further comprise locking the leg protectors.
  • locking the leg protectors may comprise retracting the legs of the jack-up rig once the legs first contact the sea floor. By retracting the legs, the leg protectors may then rotate and be placed into the locked position. Once in the locked position, the legs may then be extended to the sea floor while remaining in the locked position.
  • the method may further comprise retracting the legs to the jack-up rig.
  • the leg protectors may be placed into the unlocked position, permitting the legs to be further retracted to the jack-up rig without the pins of the legs contacting the protrusions of the leg protectors.

Abstract

Cette dispositif de protection de piliers pour une plate-forme auto-élévatrice, ledit dispositif de protection de piliers comprenant un corps présentant une surface interne et une ou plusieurs saillies disposées sur la surface interne. L'invention concerne en outre des procédés et un système associés.
PCT/US2015/041145 2014-07-22 2015-07-20 Dispositifs de protection de piliers pour plate-formes auto-élévatrices WO2016014413A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201462027564P 2014-07-22 2014-07-22
US62/027,564 2014-07-22

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016014413A1 true WO2016014413A1 (fr) 2016-01-28

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PCT/US2015/041145 WO2016014413A1 (fr) 2014-07-22 2015-07-20 Dispositifs de protection de piliers pour plate-formes auto-élévatrices

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111130432A (zh) * 2020-03-28 2020-05-08 浙江龙能电力发展有限公司 一种光伏板用水下防沉降桩

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1134881A (en) * 1914-03-14 1915-04-06 Ernest B Murphy Pile-protecting device.
JPS5789012A (en) * 1980-11-22 1982-06-03 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Elevating type working platform
FR2528465A1 (fr) * 1982-06-15 1983-12-16 Waertsilae Oy Ab Procede pour l'utilisation d'une plate-forme de forage en mer dans des conditions de presence de glace, et plate-forme equipee avec des moyens pour l'application de ce procede
JPS6059219A (ja) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-05 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 氷海用構造物
UA13074U (en) * 2005-09-15 2006-03-15 Nat Academy Of Environmental A Appliance for protection of hydro-technical structure against ice effect
US20120128426A1 (en) 2010-10-21 2012-05-24 Conocophillips Company Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit
KR20140008580A (ko) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 부유식 구조물의 레그 프로텍터

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1134881A (en) * 1914-03-14 1915-04-06 Ernest B Murphy Pile-protecting device.
JPS5789012A (en) * 1980-11-22 1982-06-03 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Elevating type working platform
FR2528465A1 (fr) * 1982-06-15 1983-12-16 Waertsilae Oy Ab Procede pour l'utilisation d'une plate-forme de forage en mer dans des conditions de presence de glace, et plate-forme equipee avec des moyens pour l'application de ce procede
JPS6059219A (ja) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-05 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 氷海用構造物
UA13074U (en) * 2005-09-15 2006-03-15 Nat Academy Of Environmental A Appliance for protection of hydro-technical structure against ice effect
US20120128426A1 (en) 2010-10-21 2012-05-24 Conocophillips Company Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit
KR20140008580A (ko) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 부유식 구조물의 레그 프로텍터

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111130432A (zh) * 2020-03-28 2020-05-08 浙江龙能电力发展有限公司 一种光伏板用水下防沉降桩

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