WO2015196945A1 - 一种电路板安全连接装置、电路板及即插、即锁工控机架 - Google Patents

一种电路板安全连接装置、电路板及即插、即锁工控机架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196945A1
WO2015196945A1 PCT/CN2015/081811 CN2015081811W WO2015196945A1 WO 2015196945 A1 WO2015196945 A1 WO 2015196945A1 CN 2015081811 W CN2015081811 W CN 2015081811W WO 2015196945 A1 WO2015196945 A1 WO 2015196945A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit board
base
plug
hook
beams
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/081811
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
易力行
陈艺嫔
Original Assignee
易力行
陈艺嫔
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 易力行, 陈艺嫔 filed Critical 易力行
Priority to US15/321,784 priority Critical patent/US10791637B2/en
Publication of WO2015196945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196945A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/0026—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus provided with connectors and printed circuit boards [PCB], e.g. automotive electronic control units
    • H05K5/0043—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus provided with connectors and printed circuit boards [PCB], e.g. automotive electronic control units comprising a frame housing mating with two lids wherein the PCB is flat mounted on the frame housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
    • H05K7/1401—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack comprising clamping or extracting means
    • H05K7/1402—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack comprising clamping or extracting means for securing or extracting printed circuit boards
    • H05K7/1409—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack comprising clamping or extracting means for securing or extracting printed circuit boards by lever-type mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/0026—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus provided with connectors and printed circuit boards [PCB], e.g. automotive electronic control units
    • H05K5/0069—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus provided with connectors and printed circuit boards [PCB], e.g. automotive electronic control units having connector relating features for connecting the connector pins with the PCB or for mounting the connector body with the housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02—Details
    • H05K5/0217—Mechanical details of casings
    • H05K5/0226—Hinges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/02—Arrangements of circuit components or wiring on supporting structure
    • H05K7/12—Resilient or clamping means for holding component to structure

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to an industrial computer structure, and particularly relates to a circuit board safety connecting device, a circuit board and a plug-in, that is, a lock industrial control rack.
  • the application of meter control technology in industrial equipment and power supply has been widely used.
  • the industrial computer generally adopts a bus-type structure, and has the characteristics of many cables and many masts.
  • the existing bus type industrial computer shown in FIG. 21 includes a rack 007.
  • the rack 007 is mounted with a computer bus board 010 with a plurality of sockets 008.
  • the computer bus board 010 passes through the mast 011 and the rack 007 beam 005.
  • the nut 006 is fixedly mounted on the frame 007, and a plurality of circuit boards 004 with plugs 009 are inserted into the corresponding sockets 008 to be connected with the computer bus board 010 to form a bus type computer intelligent protection and monitoring terminal.
  • the circuit board 004 is fixed on the frame 007 by the self-contained screw 001 and the nut 002 provided on the frame 007 beam 005.
  • the connection consistency and reliability are poor;
  • the second is to install the circuit board 004 must First screw 001 to the nut 002 on the vertical frame, and then tighten the screw 001.
  • the screw 001 must be screwed out first, and then the circuit board is pulled out by the dial handle 003 fixed on the circuit board 004.
  • the operation is troublesome, time-consuming and laborious; the third is poor interchangeability, failing to meet the requirements of interchange and general.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a circuit board safety connecting device, a circuit board and a plug-in, that is, a lock industrial control rack with convenient installation, reliable connection and good effect.
  • a circuit board safety connecting device comprises a base, an elastic connecting block which is arranged on the upper part of the base, a flexible ratchet which is hinged to the lower part of the base by a first hinge, and is hinged to the base by a second hinge
  • the hooking handle of the part is arranged on the hook handle and has an elastic hook button, and the hook handle cooperates with the base to realize the combination and separation with the base, the hook handle
  • the rotation of the shaped ratchet is achieved by cooperation with the shaped ratchet.
  • the base is provided with a plug and an inner buckle
  • the hook button is provided with a hook head and an inner buckle on the base
  • the hook button is provided with two hooks respectively
  • the inner buckle on the base cooperates with the second hinge.
  • the hook handle is provided with a protruding portion and a dial block, and the special-shaped ratchet wheel is provided with a ratchet and a transmission block, and the hook handle is matched with the transmission block of the special-shaped ratchet through the dial block.
  • the connecting block gap is sleeved on the base, and an elastic member is disposed between the base and the connecting block.
  • a circuit board includes a body provided with a plug, and the circuit board is provided with the circuit board safety connecting device, and the circuit board safety connecting device is fixedly connected to the body through the connecting block.
  • the circuit board safety connecting device is symmetrically disposed at a rear end of the circuit board body.
  • the utility model relates to a plug-in, that is, a lock-up industrial control rack, comprising a box body, upper and lower cross beams arranged on the box body for fixing the circuit board, and the circuit board passing through the special-shaped ratchet and the safety device in the circuit board
  • the upper and lower beams are matched to achieve Connection and separation of the upper and lower beams.
  • the upper and lower beams are respectively provided with corresponding guide rails that cooperate with the circuit board body.
  • the upper and lower beams are respectively provided with rail spacing card holders, and the upper and lower beams are matched with the rails through the rail spacing card holders.
  • the rail spacing card holder is composed of a plurality of rail card holder units embedded in the upper and lower beams, and each of the rail card holder units is provided with a plurality of insertion holes and limiting protrusions which are arranged in a spaced manner with the rails.
  • One side of the guide rail is provided with a positioning guide groove that cooperates with the circuit board body, and the other side is provided with a plug and a hook head, and the guide rail is respectively engaged with the jack on the rail card holder unit through the plug and the hook head. It is fastened to the upper and lower beams for positioning.
  • the upper and lower beams respectively include upper and lower middle beams and upper and lower rear beams, and the upper and lower rear beams are respectively provided with buckles and ribs matched with the plugs of the circuit board safety connecting device, the hook handle protrusions and the special-shaped ratchet ratchets. And card slot.
  • An elastic latching device is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the front end of the box body.
  • the box body comprises a frame-shaped suspension fixing device disposed at a front end of the box body, and side panels disposed on two sides of the suspension fixing device, wherein the elastic card-sucking devices are respectively disposed at upper and lower portions of the suspension fixing device, the upper and lower portions The beam and the upper and lower rear beams are respectively fixed to the side plates.
  • the present invention is capable of overcoming the problems of the prior art.
  • the reason why the existing industrial computer can not guarantee that the circuit board can have good contact with the socket, the root cause is that the circuit board is connected with the industrial computer by using a screw.
  • the nut thread is damaged, and the nut fixed in the industrial computer is difficult to replace or repair, which will reduce the safety of the device as a whole.
  • the screw connection method has a great influence on the circuit board.
  • the spacing between the boards is very small, if the screw and the nut are offset, the adjacent modules will be squeezed. In this case, it is not suitable for standard and interchangeable characteristics.
  • the total length of the circuit board and the total length required by the industrial computer are not equal. This error is due to the cumulative error of the plug, screw, board mounting aperture, machining, assembly factors, and the cumulative error between the nut and the socket on the industrial computer. As shown in Figure 21, since the components in the circuit board and the industrial computer will accumulate errors during production and assembly, these accumulated errors will be concentrated in the "h” or "h1", resulting in two different Result: The first is that the positive cumulative error is too large. When the circuit board is tightened, the deformation must be generated. This force is harmful. The second is that the negative cumulative error is too large, which reduces the normal contact area of the plug and the socket, and reduces the product. Reliability and stability.
  • connection between the circuit board and the frame is abandoning the existing screw connection mode, and the special-shaped ratchet through the circuit board safety connection device is movably connected to the frame, because the connection block of the circuit board safety connection device is connected with the circuit board.
  • the elastic gap connection with the base makes the connection mode a flexible connection, which can convert the positive and negative error values between the circuit board and the frame into the displacement amount in the “board safety connection device”. Since the screw and the nut are eliminated, the hidden danger of the deformation is eliminated, all the plugs can be completely reliably contacted, and can be inserted, locked, and become simple, reliable and safe.
  • the circuit board of the invention adopts the circuit board safety connecting device to be connected with the upper and lower rear beams on the frame, does not cause extrusion, has good compatibility and good interchangeability, and brings convenience to product maintenance, production and management.
  • the box body is fixed on the screen cabinet by using the elastic fastening device by using the suspension fixing device, so that the industrial control rack box can be quickly inserted and removed from the screen cabinet. Debug, maintain, replace It is easier and more convenient.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a circuit board in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a circuit board safety connecting device in a circuit board.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a special-shaped ratchet in a circuit board safety connecting device.
  • Figure 7 is a left side view of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rail deck unit in the invention.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of Figure 10 .
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of Figure 10 .
  • Figure 13 is a plan view of Figure 10.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a guide rail in the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a plan view of Figure 14.
  • Figure 16 is a left side view of Figure 14.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of Figure 16 .
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of the suspension fixing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a view showing the state of use of the circuit board in the present invention.
  • 21 is a schematic view of a conventional industrial computer.
  • a plug-in that is, a lock industrial control rack of the present invention, comprising a box body, a plurality of circuit boards 4 are arranged side by side in the box body; the box body is arranged by a frame-shaped suspension fixing device 3 disposed at the front end of the box body, and is arranged to be suspended
  • the circuit board 4 includes a body 401 provided with a plug 402. The rear end of the main body 401 is symmetrically provided with a circuit board safety connecting device 1.
  • the circuit board safety connecting device 1 includes a base 107, a connecting block 106, a shaped ratchet 105, a hook handle 101, and a hook button 102.
  • the base 107 is a sandwich structure, and the upper portion thereof is inverted.
  • the U-shaped portion 107d has a plug 107b at the front end of the bottom portion, a bump 107a on each of the two sides of the rear end portion, an opening at the rear end, and an inner buckle 107c on the upper edge of the opening; the shaped ratchet 105 is provided at an acute angle
  • the ratchet teeth 105b and the transmission block 105a, the deformed ratchet 105 and the return spring 112 are hinged by the pin 109 in the front interlayer of the base 107, and the ratchet teeth 105b are exposed from the bottom of the base 107;
  • the bottom of the handle 101 is provided with a protruding portion 101a.
  • the protruding portion 101a is provided with a forwardly extending dial 101b (see FIG. 20).
  • the hooking handle 101 is hinged by the pin 110 at the rear of the base 107.
  • the connecting block 106 is The hollow sleeve structure is provided with a protrusion 106a on each side of the rear end, and a screw 108 for fixing the circuit board body 401 on the side surface is fastened on the inverted U portion 107d of the base 107, and passes through the limiting piece 104 through the inverted U portion. 107d is fixed on the base 107.
  • the length of the inner cavity of the connecting block 106 is greater than the length of the inverted U-shaped portion 107d of the base. The spacing between the two is s.
  • the connecting block 106 is disposed between the connecting block 106 and the base 107.
  • the returning elastic piece 103 is such that the connecting block 106 can move back and forth relative to the base 107 within the range of the spacing s;
  • the elastic piece 103 is a U shape composed of the front and rear elastic pieces 103b, 103a, and the two elastic pieces 103 are respectively sleeved on the pin shaft 110.
  • the front elastic piece 103b is fastened on the protrusion 107a of the base, and the rear elastic piece 103a is fastened on the protrusion 106a of the connection block 106;
  • the hook button 102 is inverted F-shaped, and the lower part is provided with two upper and lower parts.
  • the hook heads 102a, 102b are disposed in the middle of the hook handle block 101b (see Figs. 5 and 20), and the lower hook head 102b of the hook button 102 is buckled.
  • the upper hook 102a is fastened on the inner buckle 107c of the base 107, and a return spring 111 of the hook button 102 is disposed between the bottom of the hook button 102 and the hook handle 101; the hook handle
  • the combination of the hook button 102 and the base 107 realizes the combination and separation with the base, and the rotation of the special-shaped ratchet 105 is realized by the dial block 101b engaging with the transmission block 105a of the special-shaped ratchet 105.
  • the circuit board safety connection device 1 is fixedly connected to the body 401 of the circuit board 4 by screws 108 via a connection block 106 thereon (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
  • the upper and lower beams 2 of the box body are formed by profiles, which respectively include symmetrically arranged upper and lower middle beams 201 and symmetrically arranged upper and lower rear beams 202.
  • the upper and lower middle beams 201 are provided with bayonet 201a and a fixed computer bus.
  • the fixing leg 201b of the plate 9 is provided with an outer buckle 202d on the front side of the upper and lower rear beam 202, a rib 202a on the rear portion, a card slot 202b on the upper portion, and a bayonet 202c on the upper portion of the upper portion.
  • the front side of the middle beam 201 and the upper and lower rear beams 202 are respectively provided with an opening groove 204, and the side surface is provided with a screw hole 203 which cooperates with the screw 205.
  • the opening groove 204 is embedded with a rail spacing card seat 7, and the rail spacing card seat 7 is composed of a plurality of rail cards.
  • the base unit 701 is combined, and the upper and lower middle beams 201 and the upper and lower rear beams 202 are respectively provided with corresponding guide rails 6 matched with the circuit board body 401 through the guide rail spacing bases 7; the guide rail base units 701 are as shown in FIG. 10 to FIG.
  • the display is provided with a plurality of insertion holes 701a and limiting protrusions 701b which are arranged in the space of the upper and lower rear beams 201 and the upper and lower rear beams 202.
  • slot wall rail 6 is fixed by rail deck unit 701 On the upper and lower middle beams 201 and the upper and lower rear beams 202; the guide rails 6 are shown in FIGS.
  • the front end of the positioning guide groove 606 is provided with a flared socket 607, the rear end is provided with a forwardly extending plug 605, the bottom of the two side edges 604 is provided with a downwardly facing plug 601 and an opening 603, and the opening 603 at the bottom of the guide rail 6 is provided with a hook.
  • the head 602 the guide rail 6 is engaged with the bayonet 201a of the upper and lower middle beams 201 and the jack 701a of the rail deck unit 701 through the plug 605 and the plug 601, respectively, and the hook head 602 and the outer buckle 202d on the upper and lower rear beams 202 are buckled.
  • the two side edges 604 of the guide rail 6 are simultaneously caught between the limiting protrusions 701b of the rail deck unit 701.
  • the elastic chucking device 302 includes a beveled card 302a and a spring 302b.
  • the card 302a is disposed in the sliding slot 301a of the upper and lower front cross members 301.
  • the spring 302b is fixed to the chute 301a by a pin 302c, one end of the spring 302b.
  • the card 302a can be slid along the chute 301a against the card 302a.
  • the invention adopts a combined rail spacing card seat to meet the requirements of the circuit board of any specification industrial control rack.
  • the rail deck unit 701 can be flexibly combined to meet the rail spacing card holder 7 required for the installation of the circuit board 4, and then the rail 6 is mounted on the rail deck unit 701, and then the body 401 of the circuit board 4 is used.
  • the horn-shaped socket 607 of the alignment guide rail 6 is pushed forward into the positioning guide groove 606, so that the plug 402 on the circuit board 4 and the socket on the computer bus board 9 in the plug-in, that is, locked industrial cabinet housing 8 is connected until the ratchet teeth 105b and the plugs 107b of the profiled ratchet 105 in the board safety connector 1 on the circuit board 4 are respectively caught in the card slot 202b and the bayonet 202c on the upper and lower rear beams 202. Since the spacing between the circuit boards 4 and the guide rails 6 can be used to ensure accurate spacing between the circuit boards 4, the circuit board safety connecting device 1 can be used to securely connect the circuit board 4 with the sockets 8 in the industrial control rack.
  • the buffer is safely positioned, wherein the elastic connecting block 106 is always pressed against the body 401 of the circuit board 4 within the distance s from the base 107 to form a flexible fixing manner, thereby eliminating the gap between the plug 8 and the socket 9.
  • the installation error s1 ensures that the plug 8 can be completely and reliably connected to the socket 9, and the shaped ratchet 105 enables the circuit board 4 to be plugged and locked, which is simple, reliable and safe.
  • the box is inserted into the box hole 10a of the panel panel 10, and the box is fixed to the screen by the elastic chucking device 302 and the rib 304 of the suspension fixing device 3.
  • the elastic chucking device 302 can be contracted, the industrial control rack box can be quickly embedded and lowered from the screen cabinet, which makes debugging, maintenance and replacement easier and more convenient.
  • the hook button 102 is first smashed to be released from the pedestal 107 and the hook handle 101 is released, and then the hook handle 101 is pressed down, and the hook handle 101 is used to dial the block.
  • 101b pushes the ratchet teeth 105b of the special-shaped ratchet 105 from the latching slots 202b on the upper and lower rear cross-beams 202, and buckles the hook-handling handle 101 to the rear and pushes the protrusion 101a at the bottom thereof as a lever to push the rear of the upper and lower rear beams 202.
  • the rib 202a pulls out the circuit board 4 for quick disassembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Printed Circuit Boards And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电路板安全连接装置、电路板及即插、即锁工控机架。所述电路板安全连接装置，包括基座、活动设在基座上部且具弹性的连接块、通过第一铰链铰接在基座下部且具弹性的异形棘轮、通过第二铰链铰接在基座后部的勾扣手柄、活动设在勾扣手柄上且具弹性的勾扣按键，所述勾扣手柄通过勾扣按键与所述基座配合实现与基座的结合和分离，所述勾扣手柄通过与所述异形棘轮相配合实现异形棘轮的转动。采用电路板安全连接装置和电路板的即插、即锁工控机架具有安装方便、连接可靠、效果好的优点。

Description

一种电路板安全连接装置、电路板及即插、即锁工控机架 技术领域
本发明属于工业计算机结构，具体涉及一种电路板安全连接装置、电路板及即插、即锁工控机架。
背景技术
计祘计控制技术在工业设备、电力没备等方面的应用已很普及，工控机一般采用总线式结构，具有线缆多、锣杆锣母多的特点。现有的总线式工控机如图21所示，包括机架007，机架007上安装有带若干插座008的计算机总线板010，计算机总线板010通过锣杆011与机架007横梁005上的螺母006配合固定在机架007上，若干带插头009的电路板004插在相应的插座008上与计算机总线板010连接，构成总线式计算机智能保护、监控终端。为了保证电路板004与插座008的连接，电路板004均通过自带的螺杆001与设在机架007横梁005上的螺母002相配合固定在机架007上。依上述现有工控机算机终端设备存在着结构方面的问题，一是不能保证所有电路板004都能与插座008保持良好的连接，连接的一致性、可靠性差；二是安装电路板004必须先将螺杆001对正机架上的螺母002，再拧紧螺杆001，而拆卸电路板004时，则须先拧出螺杆001后再利用固定在电路板004上的拨启手柄003拔出电路板004，操作麻烦，费时费力；三是互换性差，达不到互换、通用的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种安装方便、连接可靠、效果好的电路板安全连接装置、电路板及即插、即锁工控机架。
实现本发明目的采用的技术方案是：
一种电路板安全连接装置，包括基座、活动设在基座上部且具弹性的连接块、通过第一铰链铰接在基座下部且具弹性的异形棘轮、通过第二铰链铰接在基座后部的勾扣手柄、活动设在勾扣手柄上且具弹性的勾扣按键，所述勾扣手柄通过勾扣按键与所述基座配合实现与基座的结合和分离，所述勾扣手柄通过与所述异形棘轮相配合实现异形棘轮的转动。
所述基座上设有插头和内扣头，所述勾扣按键设有勾头与所述基座上的内扣头相配合或者所述勾扣按键设有两个勾头分别与所述基座上的内扣头和第二铰链相配合。
所述勾扣手柄上设有突出部和拨块，所述异形棘轮设有棘齿和传动块，勾扣手柄通过拨块与所述异形棘轮的传动块相配合。
所述连接块间隙套设在所述基座上，在基座和连接块之间设有弹性部件。
一种电路板，包括设有插头的本体，所述本体上设有所述电路板安全连接装置，所述电路板安全连接装置通过所述连接块与本体固定连接。
所述电路板安全连接装置对称设在电路板本体的后端。
一种即插、即锁工控机架，包括箱体、设在箱体上的用于固定所述电路板的上下横梁，所述电路板通过所述电路板安全连接装置中的异形棘轮与所述上下横梁相配合实现与 上下横梁的连接和分离。
所述上下横梁上分别设有对应的与所述电路板本体相配合的导轨。
所述上下横梁上分别设有导轨间距卡座，上下横梁通过导轨间距卡座与所述导轨配合。
所述导轨间距卡座由若干嵌在所述上下横梁上的导轨卡座单元组合而成，各导轨卡座单元均设有间隔排列的与所述导轨配合的若干插孔和限位凸起。
所述导轨的一面设有与所述电路板本体配合的定位导槽，另一面设有插头和勾头，导轨通过所述插头和勾头分别与所述导轨卡座单元上的插孔配合和与上下横梁扣接实现定位。
所述上下横梁分别包括上下中横梁和上下后横梁，上下后横梁上分别设有与所述电路板安全连接装置的插头、勾扣手柄突出部和异形棘轮棘齿相配合的卡扣、挡边和卡位槽。
所述箱体的前端两侧对称设有弹性碰卡装置。
所述箱体包括设置在箱体前端的框状悬挂固定装置、设置在悬挂固定装置两侧的侧板，所述弹性碰卡装置分别设在所述悬挂固定装置的上下部，所述上下中横梁和上下后横梁分别固定在所述侧板上。
本发明能够克服现有技术存在的问题。现有工控机中之所以不能保证电路板都能与插座有良好的接触，其根本原因，一是电路板采用螺杆与工控机进行连接。电路板越多，使用螺杆也越多，由于螺杆上的螺纹较小，安装电路板时，不能使所有的螺杆和工控机上的螺母都保持同心，致使某些电路板的螺杆和工控机中的螺母螺纹受到损伤，而固定在工控机中的螺母很难更换或修复，这样会整体降低设备的安全性。二是螺杆连接方式对电路板的影响也很大。因电路板间的间距非常小，如果螺杆、螺母偏移，会对相邻模块形成挤压，这种情况下，不适合标准、互换的特性。三是电路板的总长与工控机要求的总长是不等长的。这种误差是插头、螺杆、电路板的安装孔径、加工、装配因素形成的累积误差和工控机上的螺母至插座之间所形成的累积误差所至。如图21所示，由于电路板和工控机中的各零部件在生产、装配过程中会产生累积误差，这些累积误差会集中在“h”或“h1”处体现出来，产生二种不同的结果：第一是正累积误差过大，电路板被拧紧时，必定产生变形，这种力是有害的，第二是负累积误差过大，减小了插头、插座的正常接触面积，降低了产品的可靠性和稳定性。
本发明中电路板与机架的连接方式摒弃了现有的螺杆连接方式，采用通过电路板安全连接装置的异形棘轮与机架活动连接，由于电路板安全连接装置中与电路板连接的连接块与基座之间为弹性间隙连接，使得这种连接方式为柔性连接，可以将电路板与机架之间的正、负误差值转变为“电路板安全连接装置”中的位移量。由于取消了螺杆和螺母后，消除了变形的隐患，所有插头能完全可靠的接触，而且能即插、即锁，变得简单、可靠、安全。
本发明中的电路板采用电路板安全连接装置与机架上的上下后横梁连接，不会产生挤压，相容性好、互换性好，对产品的维护、生产、管理带来方便。
本发明中的即插、即锁工控机架安装时，由于采用悬挂固定装置利用弹性碰卡装置将箱体固定在屏柜上，能使工控机架箱体从屏柜中快速嵌入、卸下，使调试、维护、更换 变得更简单、便捷。
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2本发明中电路板的结构示意图。
图3是电路板中电路板安全连接装置的结构示意图。
图4是图3的俯视图。
图5是图4中的AA向剖视图。
图6是电路板安全连接装置中异形棘轮的结构示意图。
图7是图6的左视图。
图8是图1的横剖面图。
图9是图8中的BB向剖视图。
图10是发明中导轨卡座单元的结构示意图。
图11是图10中的CC向剖视图。
图12是图10中的DD向剖视图。
图13是图10的俯视图。
图14是本发明中导轨的结构示意图。
图15是图14的俯视图。
图16是图14的左视图。
图17是图16中的EE向剖视图。
图18是本发明中悬挂固定装置的结构示意图。
图19是本发明的使用状态示意图。
图20是本发明中电路板的使用状态示意图。
图21是现有工控机的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1所示为本发明的即插、即锁工控机架，包括箱体，箱体内并排设有若干电路板4；箱体由设置在箱体前端的框状悬挂固定装置3、设在悬挂固定装置3两侧的侧板5和设在两侧板5之间的用于固定电路板4的上下横梁2组成；框状悬挂固定装置3(参见图18)包括由左右侧板303和上下前横梁301构成的框架和设在框架前端的挡边304，上下前横梁301的两侧分别对称设有弹性碰卡装置302；箱体的两侧板5分别用螺钉205固定在箱体的上下横梁2和悬挂固定装置3的上下前横梁301上；所述电路板4(参见图2)，包括设有插头402的本体401，本体401的后端上对称设有电路板安全连接装置1。
见图3-图7，所述电路板安全连接装置1，包括基座107、连接块106、异形棘轮105、勾扣手柄101、勾扣按键102；基座107为夹层结构，其上部为倒U形部107d，底部前端设有插头107b，后端中部的两侧各设有凸块107a，后端设有开口，开口的上沿设有内扣头107c；异形棘轮105设有成锐角的棘齿105b和传动块105a，异形棘轮105和回位弹簧112由销轴109铰接在基座107的前部夹层内，棘齿105b从基座107的底部露出；勾扣手 柄101的底部设有突出部101a，突出部101a的上方设有前伸的拨块101b(参见图20)，勾扣手柄101由销轴110铰接在基座107的后部；连接块106为空心套结构，后端两侧各设有凸块106a，侧面设有固定电路板本体401的螺钉108，其扣在基座107的倒U部107d上，通过限位片104穿过倒U部107d固定在基座107上，连接块106的内腔长度大于基座倒U形部107d的长度，两者之间的间距为s，在连接块106和基座107之间设有连接块106的回位弹片103，使得连接块106在间距s范围内可以相对基座107前后运动；弹片103为由前后弹片103b、103a构成的U形，两个弹片103分别套在销轴110上位于勾扣手柄101的两侧，其前弹片103b扣在基座的凸块107a上，后弹片103a扣在连接块106的凸块106a上；勾扣按键102为倒F形，下部设有上下两个勾头102a、102b，其设在勾扣手柄拨块101b的中间(参见图5、20)，勾扣按键102的下勾头102b扣在销轴110上，上勾头102a扣在基座107的内扣头107c上，在勾扣按键102的底部与勾扣手柄101之间设有勾扣按键102的回位弹簧111；勾扣手柄101通过勾扣按键102与基座107配合实现与基座的结合和分离，通过拨块101b与异形棘轮105的传动块105a相配合实现异形棘轮105的转动。
电路板安全连接装置1通过其上的连接块106用螺钉108与电路板4的本体401固定连接(参见图8、图9)。
见图8、图9，所述箱体的上下横梁2采用型材，分别包括对称设置的上下中横梁201和对称设置的上下后横梁202，上下中横梁201上设有卡口201a和固定计算机总线板9的固定脚201b，上下后横梁202的前侧设有外扣头202d，后部设有挡边202a，后部的上面设有卡位槽202b，中部的上面设有卡口202c，上下中横梁201和上下后横梁202的正面分别设有开口槽204，侧面设有与螺钉205配合的螺孔203，开口槽204内嵌有导轨间距卡座7，导轨间距卡座7由若干导轨卡座单元701组合而成，上下中横梁201和上下后横梁202通过导轨间距卡座7上分别设有对应的与电路板本体401相配合的导轨6；导轨卡座单元701如图10-图13所示，其上设有间隔排列的与所述导轨6配合的若干插孔701a和限位凸起701b，两侧设有凸块701c扣在上下中横梁201和上下后横梁202上的开口槽204槽壁上；导轨6通过导轨卡座单元701固定在上下中横梁201和上下后横梁202上；导轨6如图14-图17所示，其横截面为倒U形，上面设有与所述电路板4的本体401配合的定位导槽606，定位导槽606的前端设有喇叭状插口607，后端设有前伸的插头605，两侧边604的底部设有朝下的插头601和开口603，导轨6底部的开口603内设有勾头602，导轨6通过插头605和插头601分别与上下中横梁201中的卡口201a和导轨卡座单元701上的插孔701a配合，勾头602与上下后横梁202上的外扣头202d扣接实现定位，导轨6的两侧边604同时卡在导轨卡座单元701的限位凸起701b之间。
见图18，弹性碰卡装置302包括设斜边的卡片302a和弹簧302b，卡片302a设置在上下前横梁301的滑槽301a内，弹簧302b由销钉302c固定在滑槽301a上，弹簧302b的一端顶着卡片302a使卡片302a可以沿滑槽301a滑动。
因不同场合和需求，不同工控机架中电路板数量不同，本发明采用组合式导轨间距卡座可满足任何规格的工控机架对电路板的要求。使用时，可先根据情况利用导轨卡座单元701灵活组合成满足电路板4安装需要的导轨间距卡座7，然后将导轨6安装在导轨卡座单元701上，再将电路板4的本体401对准导轨6的喇叭状插口607向前推入定位导槽606，使电路板4上的插头402与即插、即锁工控机架箱体内的计算机总线板9上的插座 8连接，直至电路板4上电路板安全连接装置1中异形棘轮105的棘齿105b和插头107b分别卡在上下后横梁202上的卡位槽202b和卡口202c内。由于采用导轨间距卡座7和导轨6可以保证各电路板4之间的间距准确，而所采用的电路板安全连接装置1可以使得电路板4在工控机架内与插座8的实现安全联结、缓冲安全定位，其中的弹性连接块106在与基座107的间距s之内，始终对电路板4的本体401施加压力，形成一种柔性的固定方式，从而消除插头8和插座9之间的安装误差s1，确保插头8能完全可靠的与插座9连接，而异形棘轮105能使电路板4做到即插即锁，变得简单、可靠、安全。
见图19，即插、即锁工控机架安装时，将箱体插入屏柜面板10的箱孔10a内，由悬挂固定装置3的弹性碰卡装置302和挡边304将箱体固定在屏柜面板10上。由于弹性碰卡装置302可以收缩，能使工控机架箱体从屏柜中快速嵌入、御下，使调试、维护、更换变得更简单、便捷。
见图20，拆卸电路板4时，先摁下勾扣按键102使其与基座107脱扣并释放勾扣手柄101，再向下压按勾扣手柄101，利用勾扣手柄101上拨块101b将异形棘轮105的棘齿105b从上下后横梁202上的卡位槽202b内推出，扣住勾扣手柄101向后扳利用其底部的突出部101a作为杠杆顶推上下后横梁202后部的挡边202a将电路板4拔出，实现快速拆卸。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电路板安全连接装置，其特征是包括基座、活动设在基座上部且具弹性的连接块、通过第一铰链铰接在基座下部且具弹性的异形棘轮、通过第二铰链铰接在基座后部的勾扣手柄、活动设在勾扣手柄上且具弹性的勾扣按键，所述勾扣手柄通过勾扣按键与所述基座配合实现与基座的结合和分离，所述勾扣手柄通过与所述异形棘轮相配合实现异形棘轮的转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电路板安全连接装置，其特征是所述基座上设有插头和内扣头，所述勾扣按键设有勾头与所述基座上的内扣头相配合或者所述勾扣按键设有两个勾头分别与所述基座上的内扣头和第二铰链相配合。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电路板安全连接装置，其特征是所述勾扣手柄上设有突出部和拨块，所述异形棘轮设有棘齿和传动块，勾扣手柄通过拨块与所述异形棘轮的传动块相配合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电路板安全连接装置，其特征是所述连接块间隙套设在所述基座上，在基座和连接块之间设有弹性部件。
  5. 一种采用权利要求1所述电路板安全连接装置的电路板，其特征是包括设有插头的本体，所述本体上设有所述电路板安全连接装置，所述电路板安全连接装置通过所述连接块与本体固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电路板，其特征是所述电路板安全连接装置对称设在电路板本体的后端。
  7. 一种采用如权利要求6所述电路板的即插、即锁工控机架，其特征是包括箱体、设在箱体上的用于固定所述电路板的上下横梁，所述电路板通过所述电路板安全连接装置中的异形棘轮与所述上下横梁相配合实现与上下横梁的连接和分离。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的即插、即锁工控机架，其特征是：
    所述上下横梁上分别设有对应的与所述电路板本体相配合的导轨；
    所述上下横梁上分别设有导轨间距卡座，上下横梁通过导轨间距卡座与所述导轨配合；
    所述导轨间距卡座由若干嵌在所述上下横梁上的导轨卡座单元组合而成，各导轨卡座单元均设有间隔排列的与所述导轨配合的若干插孔和限位凸起；
    所述导轨的一面设有与所述电路板本体配合的定位导槽，另一面设有插头和勾头，导轨通过所述插头和勾头分别与所述导轨卡座单元上的插孔配合和与上下横梁扣接实现定位。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的即插、即锁工控机架，其特征是所述上下横梁分别包括上下中横梁和上下后横梁，上下后横梁上分别设有与所述电路板安全连接装置的插头、勾扣手柄突出部和异形棘轮棘齿相配合的卡扣、挡边和卡位槽。
  10. 根据权利要求7或9所述的即插、即锁工控机架，其特征是所述箱体包括设置在箱体前端的框状悬挂固定装置、设置在悬挂固定装置两侧的侧板，所述上下中横梁和上下后横梁分别固定在所述侧板上；在所述悬挂固定装置的上下部对称设有弹性碰卡装置。
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