WO2015196719A1 - 一种地址配置方法、装置和设备 - Google Patents

一种地址配置方法、装置和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196719A1
WO2015196719A1 PCT/CN2014/091933 CN2014091933W WO2015196719A1 WO 2015196719 A1 WO2015196719 A1 WO 2015196719A1 CN 2014091933 W CN2014091933 W CN 2014091933W WO 2015196719 A1 WO2015196719 A1 WO 2015196719A1
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address
location information
mac address
conversion
field
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PCT/CN2014/091933
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨亮
杨扬
苗军
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015196719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196719A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols

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  • the present invention relates to the field of data communications, and in particular, to an address configuration method, apparatus, and device.
  • a data communication network system data is transmitted and received between each device in the system. This data transmission and reception is performed in an IP and MAC address-based network, so a method is needed to determine and Set the IP address and MAC address of each device in the system.
  • IP address allocation inside the network system adopts the DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) method.
  • DHCP provides addresses and configuration parameters for hosts in the network. It is based on the client and server modes.
  • the working principle of DHCP and the process of requesting IP are as follows:
  • the host sends a DHCP discovery broadcast packet and looks for a DHCP server on the network;
  • the DHCP server After receiving the DHCP server, the DHCP server sends a unicast packet to the host, including the IP address, MAC address, domain name information, and address lease period.
  • the host sends a DHCP request and formally requests the server to allocate the provided IP address.
  • the DHCP server sends a DHCP confirmation to the host to confirm the host request.
  • the advantage of configuring the host address of the DHCP server is that it reduces the configuration and deployment time of the device, reduces the possibility of configuration errors, and centralizes the management of the host IP.
  • this method that has the following defects:
  • Randomness of IP address The IP address of the user is randomly assigned. It is uncertain. It is difficult for the user to access the host. If the IP address of the host changes frequently, it is difficult to implement the network management policy according to the network IP address.
  • Access rights change If the user's access rights are based on IP address, the access rights vary with the IP address.
  • IP address conflicts may occur.
  • the DHCP server cannot discover it
  • IP address allocation depends on the normal operation of the external DHCP server, once the DHCP server runs abnormally, it will directly affect the IP address allocation of the devices in the network, which in turn affects the user's services.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an address configuration method, apparatus, and device.
  • the external DHCP server does not depend on the IP address and MAC address of the device, and there is no randomness, and the IP address conflict and the unreachable IP address may be avoided. The problem with the address.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an address configuration method, including:
  • the location information being capable of uniquely determining the device
  • IP and MAC addresses are automatically assigned to the device.
  • the location information includes:
  • a set of location data in a network in which the device is located can determine the physical location of the device, the set of location data being capable of uniquely determining the device.
  • the step of converting the location information into a location information parameter includes:
  • the set of position data is respectively mapped into a position information parameter to obtain a set of position information parameters.
  • the step of converting the location information parameter into an IP address and a MAC address of the device includes:
  • the location information parameter is used as a conversion factor of the IP address field, and is converted into an IP address of the device according to the conversion factor and an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to each conversion factor;
  • the location information parameter is used as a conversion factor of the MAC address field, and is converted into a MAC address of the device according to the conversion factor and a MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to each conversion factor.
  • the location information parameter is divided into four conversion factors, each conversion factor corresponds to one field of the IP address, and each conversion factor corresponds to an IP address conversion algorithm;
  • the location information parameter is divided into six conversion factors, each conversion factor corresponds to one field of the MAC address, and each conversion factor corresponds to one MAC address conversion algorithm;
  • the type value representing this device is taken as the first 2 fields of the MAC address
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an address configuration apparatus, including:
  • Obtaining a module configured to obtain location information of the device in the network, where the location information can uniquely determine the device;
  • a conversion module configured to convert the location information into a location information parameter
  • a processing module configured to convert the location information parameter into a device IP address and a MAC address site
  • a configuration module configured to automatically assign the IP and MAC addresses to the device.
  • the processing module includes:
  • the first processing submodule is configured to convert the location information parameter as a conversion factor of the IP address field, and convert the IP address into a device according to the conversion factor and an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to each conversion factor;
  • the second processing submodule is configured to convert the location information parameter as a conversion factor of the MAC address field, and convert the MAC address into a MAC address of the device according to the scaling factor and a MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to each scaling factor.
  • the first processing submodule includes:
  • the first dividing sub-module is configured to divide the location information parameter into four scaling factors, each scaling factor corresponding to one field of the IP address, and an IP address scaling algorithm corresponding to each scaling factor;
  • the first conversion submodule is configured to convert each conversion factor into a field of the IP address according to an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to the conversion factor;
  • the first combination sub-module is configured to combine 4 fields to obtain the IP address of the device.
  • the device further includes: obtaining a submodule, configured to obtain a subnet mask of the IP address according to the network number in the location information.
  • the second processing submodule includes:
  • a second sub-module configured to divide the location information parameter into six scaling factors, each scaling factor corresponding to one field of the MAC address, and one MAC address scaling algorithm corresponding to each scaling factor;
  • the second conversion submodule is configured to convert each conversion factor into a field of the MAC address according to the MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to the conversion factor;
  • the second combination sub-module is configured to combine the six fields to obtain the MAC address of the device.
  • the second combination submodule is configured to: set the type value of the device as the first two fields of the MAC address; set the value of each field in the next four fields to the four words of the IP address.
  • the segment values are the same and the MAC address of the device is obtained.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide an apparatus comprising a processor, the apparatus comprising an address configuration apparatus as described above.
  • the device further includes an interface, and the processor sends the IP and MAC addresses obtained by the processing module of the address configuration device to the switch in the network through the interface, and through the switch and other A device in the network exchanges the IP address and MAC address of the device.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer program and a carrier thereof, the computer program comprising program instructions, when the program instruction is executed by the address configuration device, enabling the device to perform the above address configuration method.
  • the location information can uniquely determine the device by acquiring location information of the device in the network; converting the location information into a location information parameter; and converting the location information parameter into a device IP address and a MAC address. Address; automatically assign the IP and MAC address to the device.
  • the method adopted by the embodiment of the present invention does not depend on an external DHCP server, and the obtained IP and MAC address are determined, and there is no randomness, and the problem of possible IP address conflict and no address can be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating an IP and a MAC address according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an address configuration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of configuring IP and MAC addresses of multiple devices in a single local area network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of configuring IP and MAC addresses of multiple devices in multiple local area networks according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an address configuration method, including:
  • Step 11 Obtain location information of the device in the network, where the location information can uniquely determine the device.
  • Step 12 Convert the location information into a location information parameter.
  • Step 13 converting the location information parameter into an IP address and a MAC address of the device
  • step 14 the IP and MAC addresses are automatically assigned to the device.
  • the location information by acquiring location information of the device in the network, the location information can uniquely determine the device; convert the location information into a location information parameter; and convert the location information parameter into a device IP address and a MAC address. Address; automatically assign the IP and MAC address to the device.
  • the method adopted by the embodiment of the present invention does not depend on an external DHCP server, and the obtained IP and MAC addresses are determined, and there is no randomness, which avoids the problem that the IP address conflict may be caused and the address is not obtained.
  • the method includes the foregoing steps 11-14, wherein the location information may be specifically obtained by using a configuration file, a location, and the like; and the location information may include: determining, in the network where the device is located, A set of location data of its physical location that uniquely identifies the device.
  • the location information is not limited to the physical location information of the device in the network, and all information indicating the location of the device in the network can be used as the location information of the device.
  • a distributed device chassis it can be divided into an office number, a rack number, a chassis number, a slot number, and a CPU number.
  • an area for example, it can be divided into a province, a city, a district, a road (street), and a number.
  • a family if there are multiple houses, it can be divided into households, rooms, and equipment in the room.
  • the foregoing steps 11-14 are included, wherein the step 12 may specifically include: mapping the set of location data to a location information parameter to obtain a set of location information parameters. Specifically, a number value is given for each field of the location information. For example, for a distributed device chassis, there is a station number, a rack number, a chassis number, a slot number, and a CPU number value, which can be directly mapped.
  • a location information parameter for an area, such as the X road (street) X of the C area of the A province B, it is necessary to number each province, city, district, road (street), X number, and map a group Location information parameter value; for a family, it can be mapped to the account number, room number, device number and other values.
  • the parameter range is a continuous linear parameter.
  • a fixed parameter is required to indicate the number of the local area network where the IP address is located, that is, the network number. This network number can be reused as an input parameter with the location information parameter. The role of the network number is mainly to distinguish and isolate each network.
  • the method includes the above steps 11-14, wherein the step 13 may specifically include:
  • Step 131 The location information parameter is used as a conversion factor of the IP address field, and is converted into an IP address of the device according to the conversion factor and an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to each conversion factor;
  • Step 132 The location information parameter is used as a conversion factor of the MAC address field, and is converted into a MAC address of the device according to the conversion factor and a MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to each conversion factor.
  • step 131 includes:
  • Step 1311 the location information parameter is divided into four conversion factors, each conversion factor corresponds to one field of the IP address, and each conversion factor corresponds to an IP address conversion algorithm;
  • Step 1312 Convert each conversion factor into a field of an IP address according to an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to the conversion factor;
  • step 1313 the four fields are combined to obtain the IP address of the device.
  • the existing IP address is 32 bits, each 8 bits is a field, and the 32-bit IP address is composed of four field values.
  • the four-field value of the IP address each field value corresponds to an address conversion algorithm, the position information parameter is used as the input parameter of the conversion algorithm, and one or more input parameters are used as the conversion factor of the algorithm, and the IP address value and IP address are obtained by conversion.
  • the four field values form a 32-bit IP address.
  • the address conversion algorithm corresponding to the value of each address of the IP address is a continuous linear algorithm, that is, the value obtained by the conversion algorithm should be a continuous change according to the transformation of the input parameters.
  • the valid range of the first segment of IPv4 is in the range of 1 to 126, 128 to 223 in decimal
  • the valid range of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments must be between 0 and 255 in decimal.
  • the value range is also in the range of four values of IPv4. The same conversion factor is obtained by the conversion algorithm and its range is also within the four-digit range of IPv4.
  • IP address For a 32-bit IP address, it can be divided into two parts. The former part is the network address of the IP address, and the latter part is the host address of the IP address. The network address and the host address are divided by the subnet mask, for example, IP.
  • the address ABCD, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, the first three bytes of ABC are the network address of the IP address ABCD, and the last byte D is the host address of the IP address ABCD.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 1314 Obtain a subnet mask of the IP address according to the network number in the location information.
  • the division of the network address and the host address is determined according to the network number in the location information. For example, if a family is set, the IP address obtained by the conversion algorithm is: No. Room number. 1. Device number, each room is a local area network, and its network number and room number can be set to be the same, then its subnet mask is 255.255.0.0, and the account number and room number are its network address. 1, and the device number is its host address. If there are multiple LANs in each room, the network number of each LAN is used as an input parameter, and the IP address obtained by the conversion algorithm is the account number. Room number. Network number. Device number , its subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. The subnet mask here is set according to its network range.
  • the foregoing step 132 includes:
  • Step 1321 the location information parameter is divided into six conversion factors, each conversion factor corresponds to a field of the MAC address, and each conversion factor corresponds to a MAC address conversion algorithm;
  • Step 1322 Convert each conversion factor into a field of the MAC address according to the MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to the scaling factor;
  • step 1323 the six fields are combined to obtain the MAC address of the device.
  • the step 1323 includes: setting the type value of the device as the first two fields of the MAC address, where the last digit of the first field cannot be 1; setting the value of each field of the following four fields to and IP The four field values of the address are the same, and the MAC address of the device is obtained.
  • the MAC address is 48 bits and is divided into six fields. Each field is one byte, 8 bits, expressed in hexadecimal. For the 6 fields of the MAC address, the first two fields. Indicates the type value of this device in the scaling algorithm. The range requirement is that the last digit of the 8th bit of the first field cannot be 1, to exclude the MAC from being generated as a multicast MAC address, and the next four fields. Each field value is the same as the four field values of the IP address.
  • the algorithm for converting the location information parameter as the input parameter to obtain the IP address and the MAC address is not limited as long as the IP address and the MAC address value in the network system can be obtained by the algorithm. The invention is described.
  • the set position information parameter value is unique within the network system of the device, and the IP address obtained by the conversion of the position information parameter value as an input parameter is also unique within the network system of the device, and does not conflict with the IP address of other devices in the network system. . Similarly, for the MAC address, it will not conflict with the MAC address of other devices in the network system.
  • the location information parameters obtained by each device through location information mapping are X, Y, Z, network number, and device number, and F1 and F2 are used.
  • F3, F4 to represent the four conversion algorithms of the IP four-segment address, if the IP address is F1(X,Y).F2(Z).F3 (network number).F4 (device number) by the conversion algorithm, each The fields are in decimal, and the subnet mask is used to distinguish different networks, that is, the four fields corresponding to the IP are 255.255.255.0; the MAC address of each device is 00:01:F1(X,Y):F2( Z): F3 (network number): F4 (device number), each field is hexadecimal.
  • the IP address and the MAC address of the device are automatically configured locally by the device, and need not be allocated by an external DHCP server.
  • the IP address is fixed, and the network communication is not affected by the DHCP server. Advantages such as work impact.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an address configuration apparatus, which is applicable to an address configuration device, where the device includes a processor, a program memory, and a data storage.
  • the address configuration device includes:
  • the obtaining module 201 is configured to obtain location information of the device in the network, where the location information can uniquely determine the device;
  • the conversion module 202 is configured to convert the location information into a location information parameter
  • the processing module 203 is configured to convert the location information parameter into an IP address and a MAC address of the device;
  • the configuration module 204 is configured to automatically assign the IP and MAC addresses to the device.
  • An address configuration apparatus obtains location information of a device in a network.
  • the location information can uniquely determine the device; convert the location information into a location information parameter; convert the location information parameter into an IP address and a MAC address of the device; automatically assign the IP and MAC address to the device .
  • the solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention does not depend on the external DHCP server, and the obtained IP and MAC addresses are determined, and there is no randomness, which avoids the problem that the IP address conflict may be caused and the address is not obtained.
  • the processing module 203 includes:
  • the first processing submodule is configured to convert the location information parameter as a conversion factor of the IP address field, and convert the IP address into a device according to the conversion factor and an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to each conversion factor;
  • the second processing submodule is configured to convert the location information parameter as a conversion factor of the MAC address field, and convert the MAC address into a MAC address of the device according to the scaling factor and a MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to each scaling factor.
  • the first processing submodule includes:
  • the first dividing sub-module is configured to divide the location information parameter into four scaling factors, each scaling factor corresponding to one field of the IP address, and each scaling factor corresponds to an IP address scaling algorithm;
  • the first conversion submodule is configured to convert each conversion factor into a field of the IP address according to an IP address conversion algorithm corresponding to the conversion factor;
  • the first combination sub-module is configured to combine 4 fields to obtain the IP address of the device.
  • the device further includes: obtaining a submodule, configured to obtain a subnet mask of the IP address, and setting a front N position of the host address portion of the subnet mask to obtain a subnet of the IP address. Subnet mask.
  • the second processing submodule includes:
  • a second dividing sub-module configured to divide the location information parameter into six scaling factors, each scaling factor corresponding to one field of the MAC address, and each scaling factor corresponding to one MAC address scaling algorithm;
  • the second conversion submodule is configured to convert each conversion factor into a field of the MAC address according to the MAC address conversion algorithm corresponding to the conversion factor;
  • the second combination sub-module is configured to combine the six fields to obtain the MAC address of the device.
  • the second combination sub-module is configured to: represent the type value of the device as the first two fields of the MAC address, where the last digit of the first field cannot be 1; the next four fields are The value of the field is set to match the four field values of the IP address to obtain the MAC address of the device.
  • the device is a device corresponding to the above method, and all implementations in the foregoing method embodiments are applicable to the embodiment of the device, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus, including a processor, where the processor includes the address configuration apparatus as described above.
  • the device further includes an interface, and the processor sends the IP and MAC addresses obtained by the processing module of the address configuration device to the switch in the network through the interface, and through the switch and other A device in the network exchanges the IP address and MAC address of the device.
  • this embodiment describes that within a local area network, each device obtains the IP and MAC addresses of the device by obtaining location information.
  • each device is connected to a network switching device (switch); each device acquires location information of the device itself, where the location information includes a network number of the local area network and a device corresponding to each device. number;
  • the location information parameters obtained by each device through location information mapping are X, Y, Z, network number, and device number, and F1, F2, F3, and F4 are used to represent the four conversion algorithms of the IP four-segment address, if by conversion
  • the algorithm obtains its IP address as F1(X,Y).F2(Z).F3 (network number).F4 (device number), each field is decimal, and its subnet mask is used to distinguish different networks, that is, corresponding
  • the four fields of IP are 255.255.255.0; get the MAC address of each device as 00:01:F1(X,Y):F2(Z):F3 (network number):F4 (device number), each field is Hexadecimal.
  • the IP address and MAC address are converted, and the data exchange and message intercommunication can be directly performed with other devices through the network switch.
  • the device needs to access other devices in the network, and can obtain the IP address according to the location information of other devices, and no need to log in again. View it on its device.
  • a parameter value is required in the location information parameter to indicate the network number information.
  • the device number exists in multiple devices in each network. This device number is unique in the network and can be used with other network devices. The number is the same.
  • the IP address and MAC address are obtained by input parameter conversion.
  • the subnet mask is set according to the field value converted by the network number to isolate different network systems.
  • the IP address and the MAC address of the device are automatically configured locally, and need not be allocated by an external DHCP server. Compared with related technologies, the IP address is fixed, and the network communication is not operated by the DHCP server. Influence and other advantages.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented by using an integrated circuit. These steps may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. achieve. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • Each device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiments may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices.
  • Each device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiments may be stored in a computer readable storage medium when implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the above mentioned computer readable storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • the address configuration method, device and device provided by the present invention, wherein the method comprises: acquiring location information of the device in the network, the location information can uniquely determine the device; and transferring the location information Converting to a location information parameter; converting the location information parameter into an IP address and a MAC address of the device; automatically assigning the IP and MAC address to the device; and solving the problem that the device IP and MAC address are uncertain and relying on the external
  • the risk of the server, while the device user does not need to access other devices, the IP and MAC addresses of other devices can be determined, which facilitates message interaction between devices.

Abstract

一种地址配置方法、装置和设备，其中方法包括：获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。本发明实施例的方案可以解决设备IP和MAC地址不确定的问题和依赖外部服务器的的风险，同时设备使用者无需访问其他设备，就可确定其他设备的IP和MAC地址，方便了设备间消息交互。

Description

一种地址配置方法、装置和设备 技术领域
本发明涉及数据通信领域，尤其涉及一种地址配置方法、装置和设备。
背景技术
在一个数据通信的网络系统中，系统中的每个设备之间需要进行数据收发，这种数据收发是在一个基于IP和MAC地址的网络中进行，所以就需要采用一种方式，来确定和设置系统中每个设备的IP地址和MAC地址。在通常的解决方案中，网络系统内部的IP地址分配，采用DHCP(动态主机配置协议)方式。
DHCP为网络内的主机提供地址和配置参数，是基于客户端和服务器的模式，其DHCP工作原理和请求IP的过程如下：
1.主机发送DHCP发现广播包，在网络上寻找DHCP服务器；
2.DHCP服务器收到后，发送给主机一个单播包，包含IP地址、MAC地址、域名信息以及地址租期；
3.主机发送DHCP请求，正式向服务器请求分配已提供的IP地址；
4.DHCP服务器向主机发送DHCP确认，确认主机请求。
DHCP服务器配置主机地址的优点在于降低了配置和部署设备时间，降低了发生配置错误的可能性，可集中化管理主机IP；然而正是这种使用方式，其也存在如下几点缺陷：
IP地址随机性：用户的IP地址是随机分配的，具有不确定性，用户访问主机难度较大；若主机的IP地址经常发生改变的话，也很难根据网络IP地址来执行网络管理策略；
访问权限变化：如果用户的访问权限是基于IP地址划分的，则访问权限随IP地址不同而变化。
若网络中存在多个DHCP服务器，可能会产生IP地址的冲突；
若网络中有非DHCP的主机，则DHCP服务器不能够发现；
由于IP地址分配依赖于外部的DHCP服务器的正常运行，一旦DHCP服务器运行异常，则会直接影响网络中设备的IP地址分配，进而影响到用户的业务。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种地址配置方法、装置和设备。通过根据设备的位置信息得到该设备的IP地址和MAC地址，不依赖于外部的DHCP服务器获取设备的IP地址和MAC地址，不存在随即性，也避免了可能导致的IP地址冲突和获取不到地址的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种地址配置方法，包括：
获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；
将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；
将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；
将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。
其中，所述位置信息包括：
设备所在网络中能确定所述设备物理位置的一组位置数据，所述一组位置数据能唯一确定所述设备。
其中，将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数的步骤包括：
将所述一组位置数据，分别映射为一个位置信息参数，得到一组位置信息参数。
其中，将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址的步骤包括：
将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址；以及
将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址。
其中，所述将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址的步骤包括：
将所述位置信息参数划分为4个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应IP地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个IP地址换算算法；
将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，转换为IP地址的一个字段；
将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址。
其中，将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址后还包括：
根据所述位置信息中的网络号来获得该IP地址的子网掩码。
其中，将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址的步骤包括：
将所述位置信息参数划分为6个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应MAC地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个MAC地址换算算法；
将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，转换为MAC地址的一个字段；
将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址。
其中，将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址的步骤包括：
将表示此设备的类型值作为MAC地址的前2个字段；
将后面四个字段每个字段数值设置为和IP地址的四个字段值一致，得到设备的MAC地址。
本发明实施例还提供一种地址配置装置，包括：
获取模块，设置为获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；
转换模块，设置为将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；
处理模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地 址；
配置模块，设置为将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。
其中，所述处理模块包括：
第一处理子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址；以及
第二处理子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址。
其中，所述第一处理子模块包括：
第一划分子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数划分为4个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应IP地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应的一个IP地址换算算法；
第一转换子模块，设置为将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，转换为IP地址的一个字段；
第一组合子模块，设置为将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址。
其中，上述装置还包括：获得子模块，设置为根据所述位置信息中的网络号来获得该IP地址的子网掩码。
其中，所述第二处理子模块包括：
第二划分子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数划分为6个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应MAC地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应的一个MAC地址换算算法；
第二转换子模块，设置为将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，转换为MAC地址的一个字段；
第二组合子模块，设置为将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址。
其中，所述第二组合子模块是设置为：将表示此设备的类型值作为MAC地址的前2个字段；将后面四个字段每个字段数值设置为和IP地址的四个字 段值一致，得到设备的MAC地址。
本发明的实施例还提供一种设备，包括处理器，所述设备包括如上所述的地址配置装置。
其中，所述设备还包括接口，所述处理器将所述地址配置装置的所述处理模块得到的所述IP和MAC地址通过所述接口发送给网络中的交换机，并通过所述交换机与其它网络中的设备交换所述设备的IP地址和MAC地址。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机程序及其载体，该计算机程序包括程序指令，当该程序指令被地址配置设备执行时，使得该设备可执行上述地址配置的方法。
本发明实施例的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
上述方案中，通过获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。本发明实施例采用的方法，不依赖于外部的DHCP服务器，获取到的IP和MAC地址确定，不存在随即性，也避免了可能导致的IP地址冲突和获取不到地址的问题。
附图概述
图1是本发明实施例的一种IP和MAC地址生成方法的流程示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的一种地址配置装置的结构示意图。
图3是本发明实施例的单个局域网内多个设备配置IP和MAC地址的示意图；
图4是本发明实施例的多个局域网中多个设备配置IP和MAC地址示意图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种地址配置方法，包括：
步骤11，获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；
步骤12，将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；
步骤13，将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；
步骤14，将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。
本发明实施例通过获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。本发明实施例采用的方法，不依赖于外部的DHCP服务器，获取到的IP和MAC地址确定，不存在随机性，避免了可能导致的IP地址冲突和获取不到地址的问题。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，包括上述步骤11－14，其中，所述位置信息具体可以通过配置文件、位置定位等多种方式获取；所述位置信息可以包括：设备所在网络中能确定其物理位置的一组位置数据，所述一组位置数据能唯一确定所述设备。当然，该位置信息并不局限于设备在网络中的物理位置信息，所有在网络中可表示设备位置的信息，都可作为该设备的位置信息。例如：对于分布式设备机框，可以分为局号、机架号、机框号、槽位号、CPU号；对于一个区域，例如可以分为省、市、区、路(街)、号；对于一个家庭，如存在多套住宅，可分为户、房间、房间内设备等。
在本发明的另一具体实施例中，包括上述步骤11－14，其中，上述步骤12具体可以包括：将所述一组位置数据，分别映射为一个位置信息参数，得到一组位置信息参数。具体地，为位置信息的每个字段给出一个编号值，例如，对于分布式设备机框，本身就有局号、机架号、机框号、槽位号、CPU号值，可以直接映射作为位置信息参数；而对于一个区域，例如A省B市C区D路(街)X号，就需要对每个省、市、区、路(街)、X号进行编号，映射出一组位置信息参数值；对于一个家庭，可映射为户号、房间号、设备号等数值。对于位置信息参数，其参数范围是连续的线性参数。对于位置信 息参数，需要有一个固定参数来表示此IP地址所在的局域网的编号，即网络号。此网络号可与位置信息参数复用作为输入参数，网络号的作用主要是区分和隔离每个网络。
在本发明的另一具体实施例中，包括上述步骤11－14，其中，上述步骤13具体可以包括：
步骤131，将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址；以及
步骤132，将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址。
其中，步骤131包括：
步骤1311，将所述位置信息参数划分为4个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应IP地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个IP地址换算算法；
步骤1312，将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，转换为IP地址的一个字段；
步骤1313，将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址。
以IPv4为例，现有的IP地址为32位，每8位为一字段，32位的IP地址就由四字段数值组成。IP地址的四字段数值，每字段数值对应一个地址换算算法，以位置信息参数作为换算算法的输入参数，1个或多个输入参数作为此算法的换算因子，换算得到一段IP地址数值，IP地址的四字段数值组成一个32位的IP地址。显然，IP地址每段地址数值对应的地址换算算法是一个连续的线性算法，即根据输入参数的变换，通过换算算法得到的数值应该是连续的变动。
考虑到IPv4的第1段数值有效范围在十进制1到126，128到223范围内，第2、3、4段数值有效范围必须在十进制0到255之间。对于每个换算因子，即映射得到的位置信息参数，其值范围也在IPv4的四段数值范围内。同样换算因子经过换算算法得到的数值其范围也在IPv4的四段数值范围内。
对于32位的IP地址可分为两个部分，前一部分为此IP地址的网络地址，后一部分为此IP地址的主机地址，网络地址和主机地址通过子网掩码来进行划分，例如对于IP地址A.B.C.D，子网掩码为255.255.255.0，其前三个字节A.B.C就为IP地址A.B.C.D的网络地址，最后一个字节D就为IP地址A.B.C.D的主机地址。
可选地，上述步骤1313后还包括：
步骤1314，根据所述位置信息中的网络号来获得该IP地址的子网掩码。
本发明实施例对于网络地址和主机地址的划分，也就是子网掩码的设定是根据位置信息中的网络号来确定，例如，设定一个家庭，其换算算法得到的IP地址为：户号.房间号.1.设备号，每个房间为一个局域网，其网络号和房间号可设置为相同，则其子网掩码就为255.255.0.0，户号和房间号就为其网络地址，1和设备号就为其主机地址，如果其每个房间有多个局域网，每个局域网的网络号作为输入参数，其换算算法得到的IP地址为户号.房间号.网络号.设备号，则其子网掩码为255.255.255.0。这里子网掩码根据其网络范围来设定。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，上述步骤132包括：
步骤1321，将所述位置信息参数划分为6个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应MAC地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个MAC地址换算算法；
步骤1322，将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，转换为MAC地址的一个字段；
步骤1323，将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址。
其中，步骤1323包括：将表示此设备的类型值作为MAC地址的前2个字段，其中，第1个字段的最后一位数值不能为1；将后面四个字段每个字段数值设置为和IP地址的四个字段值一致，得到设备的MAC地址。
以当前的MAC地址为例，MAC地址为48位，分为六个字段，每个字段为一个字节，8位，以十六进制表示，对于MAC地址的6个字段，前两个字段在换算算法中表示此设备的类型值，其范围要求是第1个字段8位的最后一位数值不能为1，以排除此MAC生成为组播MAC地址，后面四个字段 每个字段数值和IP地址四个字段值一致。
这里需要说明，本发明实施例对位置信息参数作为输入参数换算得到IP地址和MAC地址的算法并不加限制，只要可以通过此算法得到本网络系统内IP地址和MAC地址值唯一，都在本发明所述之列。
设定位置信息参数值在设备的网络系统内唯一，该位置信息参数值作为输入参数通过换算得到的IP地址也在设备的网络系统内唯一，不会与本网络系统内其他设备的IP地址冲突。同样，对于MAC地址，也不会与本网络系统内的其他设备MAC地址冲突。
本发明的上述实施例中，在进行IP地址和MAC地址转换过程中，例如，每个设备通过位置信息映射得到的位置信息参数为X、Y、Z、网络号、设备号，使用F1、F2、F3、F4来代表IP四段地址的四个换算算法，假如通过换算算法得到其IP地址为F1(X,Y).F2(Z).F3(网络号).F4(设备号)，每个字段为十进制，其子网掩码用来区分不同的网络，即对应IP的四个字段为255.255.255.0；得到每个设备的MAC地址为00:01:F1(X,Y):F2(Z):F3(网络号):F4(设备号)，每个字段为十六进制。
采用本发明实施例提供的技术方案，设备的IP地址和MAC地址是设备在本地自动配置，无需通过外部DHCP服务器来分配，和相关技术比较而言，具有IP地址固定，网络通信不受DHCP服务器工作影响等优势。
如图2所示，本发明实施例还提供一种地址配置装置，适用于地址配置设备，所述设备包括处理器、程序存储器和数据存储器。所述地址配置装置包括：
获取模块201，设置为获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；
转换模块202，设置为将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；
处理模块203，设置为将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；
配置模块204，设置为将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。
本发明实施例的地址配置装置，通过获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所 述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。本发明实施例采用的方案，不依赖于外部的DHCP服务器，获取到的IP和MAC地址确定，不存在随机性，避免了可能导致的IP地址冲突和获取不到地址的问题。
其中，所述处理模块203包括：
第一处理子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址；以及
第二处理子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址。
其中，所述第一处理子模块包括：
第一划分子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数划分为4个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应IP地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个IP地址换算算法；
第一转换子模块，设置为将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，转换为IP地址的一个字段；
第一组合子模块，设置为将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址。
其中，上述装置还包括：获得子模块，设置为获得该IP地址的类子网掩码，将所述类子网掩码的主机地址部分的前N位置1，得出该IP地址划分子网的子网掩码。
其中，所述第二处理子模块包括：
第二划分子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数划分为6个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应MAC地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个MAC地址换算算法；
第二转换子模块，设置为将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，转换为MAC地址的一个字段；
第二组合子模块，设置为将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址。
其中，所述第二组合子模块是设置为：将表示此设备的类型值作为MAC地址的前2个字段，其中，第1个字段的最后一位数值不能为1；将后面四个字段每个字段数值设置为和IP地址的四个字段值一致，得到设备的MAC地址。
需要说明的是，该装置是与上述方法对应的装置，上述方法实施例中的所有实现方式均适用于该装置的实施例中，也能达到相同技术效果。
本发明实施例还提供一种设备，包括处理器，所述处理器包括如上所述的地址配置装置。
其中，所述设备还包括接口，所述处理器将所述地址配置装置的所述处理模块得到的所述IP和MAC地址通过所述接口发送给网络中的交换机，并通过所述交换机与其它网络中的设备交换所述设备的IP地址和MAC地址。
如图3所示，本实施例描述的是在一个局域网内部，每个设备通过获取位置信息，换算得到本设备的IP和MAC地址。
在一个网络系统内部存在多个设备的情况，每个设备与网络交换设备(交换机)相连；每个设备获取到设备自身的位置信息，其中位置信息包括局域网的网络号和每个设备对应的设备号；
例如，每个设备通过位置信息映射得到的位置信息参数为X、Y、Z、网络号、设备号，使用F1、F2、F3、F4来代表IP四段地址的四个换算算法，假如通过换算算法得到其IP地址为F1(X,Y).F2(Z).F3(网络号).F4(设备号)，每个字段为十进制，其子网掩码用来区分不同的网络，即对应IP的四个字段为255.255.255.0；得到每个设备的MAC地址为00:01:F1(X,Y):F2(Z):F3(网络号):F4(设备号)，每个字段为十六进制。
换算得到IP和MAC地址，通过网络交换机可直接与其他设备进行数据收发和消息互通，本设备要访问网络内的其他设备，根据其他设备的位置信息就可获取到其IP地址，无需再登陆到其设备上查看。
图4是在分布式系统中存在多个局域网网络，每个网络中有多个设备的情况。
在多个网络的情况下，位置信息参数中需要有一个参数值来表示网络编号信息，每个网络中的多个设备存在设备编号，此设备编号在本网络中唯一，可与其它网络中设备编号相同，通过输入参数换算得到IP地址和MAC地址，子网掩码根据网络号所换算来的字段设定，来隔离不同的网络系统。
本发明实施例提供的设备中，设备的IP地址和MAC地址是设备在本地自动配置，无需通过外部DHCP服务器来分配，和相关技术比较而言，具有IP地址固定，网络通信不受DHCP服务器工作影响等优势。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以使用计算机程序流程来实现，所述计算机程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，所述计算机程序在相应的硬件平台上(如系统、设备、装置、器件等)执行，在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用集成电路来实现，这些步骤可以被分别制作成一个个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
上述实施例中的每装置/功能模块/功能单元可以采用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，也可以分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上。
上述实施例中的每装置/功能模块/功能单元以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述提到的计算机可读取存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求所述的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
本发明提供的地址配置方法、装置和设备，其中方法包括：获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；将所述位置信息转 换为位置信息参数；将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备；可以解决设备IP和MAC地址不确定的问题和依赖外部服务器的的风险，同时设备使用者无需访问其他设备，就可确定其他设备的IP和MAC地址，方便了设备间消息交互。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种地址配置方法，包括：
    获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；
    将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；
    将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；
    将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。
  2. 根据权利1所述的方法，其中，所述位置信息包括：
    设备所在网络中能确定所述设备物理位置的一组位置数据，所述一组位置数据能唯一确定所述设备。
  3. 根据权利2所述的方法，其中，将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数的步骤包括：
    将所述一组位置数据，分别映射为一个位置信息参数，得到一组位置信息参数。
  4. 根据权利1所述的方法，其中，将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址的步骤包括：
    将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址；以及
    将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址的步骤包括：
    将所述位置信息参数划分为4个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应IP地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个IP地址换算算法；
    将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，转换为IP地址的一个字段；
    将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，在所述将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址后还包括：
    根据所述位置信息中的网络号来获得该IP地址的子网掩码。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址的步骤包括：
    将所述位置信息参数划分为6个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应MAC地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个MAC地址换算算法；
    将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，转换为MAC地址的一个字段；
    将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址的步骤包括：
    将表示此设备的类型值作为MAC地址的前2个字段；
    将后面四个字段每个字段数值设置为和IP地址的四个字段值一致，得到设备的MAC地址。
  9. 一种地址配置装置，包括：
    获取模块，设置为获取设备在网络中的位置信息，所述位置信息能唯一确定所述设备；
    转换模块，设置为将所述位置信息转换为位置信息参数；
    处理模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数换算成设备的IP地址和MAC地址；
    配置模块，设置为将所述IP和MAC地址自动分配给所述设备。
  10. 根据权利9所述的装置，其中，所述处理模块包括：
    第一处理子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数作为IP地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，换算成设备的IP地址；以及
    第二处理子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数作为MAC地址字段的换算因子，根据所述换算因子和每一个换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，换算成设备的MAC地址。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，所述第一处理子模块包括：
    第一划分子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数划分为4个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应IP地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个IP地址换算算法；
    第一转换子模块，设置为将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的IP地址换算算法，转换为IP地址的一个字段；
    第一组合子模块，设置为将4个字段组合起来，得到设备的IP地址。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，还包括：
    获得子模块，设置为根据所述位置信息中的网络号来获得该IP地址的子网掩码。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述第二处理子模块包括：
    第二划分子模块，设置为将所述位置信息参数划分为6个换算因子，每一个换算因子对应MAC地址的一个字段，且每一个换算因子对应一个MAC地址换算算法；
    第二转换子模块，设置为将每一个换算因子按照该换算因子对应的MAC地址换算算法，转换为MAC地址的一个字段；
    第二组合子模块，设置为将6个字段组合起来，得到设备的MAC地址。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述第二组合子模块是设置为：将表示此设备的类型值作为MAC地址的前2个字段；将后面四个字段每个字段数值设置为和IP地址的四个字段值一致，得到设备的MAC地址。
  15. 一种设备，包括处理器，所述设备包括：如权利要求9－14任意一项所述的地址配置装置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的设备，还包括：接口，所述处理器将所述地址配置装置的所述处理模块得到的所述IP和MAC地址通过所述接口发送给 网络中的交换机，并通过所述交换机与其它网络中的设备交换所述设备的IP地址和MAC地址。
  17. 一种计算机程序，包括程序指令，当该程序指令被地址配置设备执行时，使得该设备可执行权利要求1-8任一项的方法。
  18. 一种载有权利要求17所述计算机程序的载体。
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