WO2015192876A1 - Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015192876A1
WO2015192876A1 PCT/EP2014/062582 EP2014062582W WO2015192876A1 WO 2015192876 A1 WO2015192876 A1 WO 2015192876A1 EP 2014062582 W EP2014062582 W EP 2014062582W WO 2015192876 A1 WO2015192876 A1 WO 2015192876A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
nitrogen
hydrogen
mixture
generation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/062582
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Heid
Paul Beasley
Timothy Hughes
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/EP2014/062582 priority Critical patent/WO2015192876A1/fr
Publication of WO2015192876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192876A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
    • C01B13/0203—Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
    • C01B13/0207—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/19—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing chemical energy, e.g. using electrolysis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Definitions

  • Hydrogen offers another carbon free route for storing energy, but it is difficult and risky to utilize. In gaseous form it has to be compressed to 500bars in order to achieve a suitable energy density. Liquid Hydrogen requires cryogenic temperatures and the associated complicated infrastructure. Moreover, the use of Hydrogen in either form requires safeguards due to the risk of explosion. For these reasons, Hydrogen is not considered to be a
  • the object is solved by a system according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 11.
  • the invention is based on the approach of storing at least parts of the energy generated using renewables. This is achieved by using that energy to produce Hydrogen and
  • NH3 Ammonia
  • Hydrogen and Nitrogen are subsequently converted into Ammonia (NH3) which is a carbon-free fuel and which can be stored at ambient temperatures. Also, NH3 can be
  • NH3 offers the advantages that it can be synthesized in a carbon free process and it can be burned without generating green house gases.
  • the invention achieves a decoupling of the supply and demand of electricity from fluctuating renewable energy sources by using the renewable energy for the generation of Ammonia which can be stored subsequently in an NH3 storage vessel.
  • the stored Ammonia can then be used in a NH3 power generator to generate electricity which is fed into the electricity grid.
  • This integrated solution proposed by the invention allows to translate intermittent electricity into a matched baseload provided by the renewable energy source to the local or national energy grid.
  • the presence of the NH3 storage vessel as a buffer allows a better flexibility of providing energy to the energy grid and, therefore, an improved load balancing.
  • a main control unit controls the generation of NH3 and the generation of energy. For example, during periods in which the renewable energy source generates less energy, for example and in the case of a windmill during phases of low wind, the main control unit would power up the NH3 power generator to supply more energy into the energy grid because the supply by the renewable energy source might not be sufficient. During periods of in which the renewable energy source generates a high amount of energy, for example during phases with strong wind, the main control unit would power down the NH3 power generator because the renewable energy source provides sufficient energy to the grid. However, the main control unit would increase the production and storage of NH3.
  • the invention can be applied for operating the energy network based on renewable energies as well as in the local energy supply for heavy industry and rural areas, grid
  • the system for providing energy for an energy grid and for load balancing of an energy input for the energy grid based on intermittent renewable energy provided by a renewable energy source comprises
  • a mixing unit configured to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen produced by the H2-N2-production unit to form a Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture
  • a mixing unit configured to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen produced by the H2-N2-production unit to form a Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture
  • a NH3 source for receiving and processing the Hydrogen- Nitrogen-mixture for generating a gas mixture containing NH3, wherein the NH3 source is fluidly connected to the mixing unit (30) to receive the Hydrogen-Nitrogen mixture from the mixing unit and wherein the NH3 source is configured to generate the gas mixture containing NH3 from the Hydrogen- Nitrogen-mixture
  • the NH3 source comprises a NH3 storage vessel for storing at least a part of the NH3 of the gas mixture containing NH3,
  • an NH3 power generator for generating the energy for the energy grid, wherein the NH3 power generator is fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel to receive NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel and wherein the NH3 power generator is configured to convert the received NH3 into the energy for the energy grid,
  • a main control unit for controlling the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the
  • the controlling can be achieved by regulating the energy flow provided to the H2-N2-production unit and, therewith, the production of H2 and N2 or by regulating the mass flow in the system via influencing mixers, compressors or other components and/or by regulating the temperature in NH3 reaction chamber.
  • the main control unit might be configured and arranged, i.e. connected to corresponding components, such that the
  • controlling of the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the controlling of the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator at least depends on an actual power demand in the energy grid and/or on an amount of energy currently generated by the renewable energy source. This allows a flexible energy supply which reacts to actual demands in the energy grid and which on the other hand allows to store energy form the renewable energy source in case of low demands .
  • the main control unit might be configured
  • This also allows effective load balancing of an energy input for the energy grid and a flexible energy supply which reacts to actual demands in the energy grid and which on the other hand allows to store energy form the renewable energy source in case of low demands.
  • a low renewable energy input means that the actual renewable energy input is less than a first threshold and a high renewable energy input means that the actual renewable energy input is more than a second threshold.
  • First and second threshold can be identical or different from each other.
  • the H2-N2-production unit might comprise
  • Hydrogen electrolyzer for producing the Hydrogen
  • the Hydrogen electrolyzer is configured to receive water and the energy provided by the renewable energy source and to produce the Hydrogen by electrolysis
  • an air separation unit for producing the Nitrogen wherein the air separation unit is configured to receive air and the energy provided by the renewable energy source and to produce the Nitrogen by separating the received air.
  • the mixing unit might be fluidly connected to the H2-N2- production unit to receive the Hydrogen and Nitrogen produced therein, wherein the mixing unit might comprise a mixer for mixing the Hydrogen with the Nitrogen to form a Hydrogen- Nitrogen-mixture and a compressor for compressing the
  • the mixing unit provides a compressed H2-N2-mixture .
  • the mixing unit might further comprise a temporary storage system for buffering the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit, wherein the temporary storage system is configured to receive the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit, to temporary store the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen for buffering and to subsequently process the buffered Hydrogen and Nitrogen to the mixer. This allows a more efficient mixing process.
  • the NH3 source might comprise
  • an NH3 reaction chamber configured to receive the Hydrogen- Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit and to process the received Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to form the gas mixture containing NH3 and
  • the separator is configured to separate NH3 from the gas mixture containing NH3 such that NH3 and a remaining
  • the separator is fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel to direct the produced NH3 to the NH3 storage vessel.
  • the usage of the separator allows an efficient production of NH3.
  • an additional a re-processing unit for re ⁇ processing the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture with a re- compressor and a second mixer is available, wherein - the re-compressor is fluidly connected to the separator to receive and compress the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the separator,
  • the second mixer is fluidly connected to the re-compressor to receive the compressed remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the re-compressor
  • the second mixer is fluidly connected to the mixing unit to receive the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit, and wherein
  • the second mixer is configured to mix the Hydrogen- Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit and the compressed remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the re-compressor to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen mixture to be provided to the NH3 source .
  • the use of the re-processing unit allows to re-cycle
  • the separator might be fluidly connected to the mixing unit to direct the remaining
  • Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the separator to the mixing unit, such that the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture is mixed in the mixing unit with the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen- mixture to be received by the NH3 source.
  • This also allows to re-cycle remaining H2 and N2 to form further NH3.
  • the system might further comprise an energy distribution unit which is configured to receive the energy provided by the renewable energy source and to distribute the energy to the energy grid and/or to the H2-N2-production unit, wherein the distribution depends on an energy demand situation in the energy grid. For example, in case of a higher energy demand from the energy grid, the fraction of energy provided by the renewable energy source to the energy grid is higher and the remaining fraction which is provided to the system is lower. In case of a lower energy demand from the energy grid, the fraction of energy provided by the renewable energy source to the energy grid is lower and the remaining fraction which is provided to the system is higher. This allows an effective operation of the system and, in the consequence, load
  • the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture is processed in a NH3 source to generate a gas mixture containing NH3 and NH3 of the gas mixture containing NH3 is stored in a NH3 storage vessel,
  • - NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel is processed in a NH3 power generator for generating energy for the energy grid
  • a main control unit of the system controls the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator.
  • controlling can be achieved by regulating the energy flow provided to the H2-N2-production unit and, therewith, the production of H2 and N2 or by regulating the mass flow in the system via influencing mixers, compressors or other components and/or by regulating the temperature in NH3 reaction chamber.
  • the main control unit might control the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator at least depending on an actual power demand in the energy grid and/or on an amount of energy currently generated by the renewable energy source.
  • the main control unit - preferably simultaneously reduces the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or increases the generation of energy during periods of low renewable energy input from the renewable energy source,
  • the gas mixture containing NH3 might be directed to a
  • NH3 separator which separates NH3 from the gas mixture containing NH3 such that the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and a remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture are produced.
  • the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture might be re- compressed and the re-compressed remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen- mixture is mixed with the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to be received by the NH3 source.
  • the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture might be mixed in the mixing unit with the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen- mixture to be received by the NH3 source.
  • a device being "fluidly connected" to a further device means that a fluid can be transferred via a connection between the devices, e.g. a tube, from the device to the further device.
  • a fluid can be gaseous as well as liquid.
  • FIG 1 shows a system for load balancing of an intermittent renewable energy source
  • FIG 2 shows a further embodiment of the system with a re ⁇ cycling of a remaining H2—N2-gas mixture
  • FIG 3 shows a variation of the further embodiment of the system.
  • FIG 1 shows a system 100 for load balancing of an
  • the system 100 shown in FIG 1 comprises a renewable energy source 10, for example a windmill or a windfarm with a plurality of individual windmills.
  • a renewable energy source 10 for example a windmill or a windfarm with a plurality of individual windmills.
  • renewable energy source 10 can also be a solar power plant or any other power plant which is suitable for generating energy out of a renewable feedstock like water, wind, or solar energy.
  • a renewable feedstock like water, wind, or solar energy.
  • the system 100 is explained under the assumption that the renewable energy source 10 is a windmill. However, this should not have any limiting effect on the invention.
  • the windmill 10 is connected to an energy grid 300 to supply energy generated by the windmill 10 to the grid 300.
  • an energy amount 1' ' which is at least a fraction of the energy 1 generated by the windmill 10 is provided to the energy grid 300 to meet the energy demands of the consumers in the energy grid 300. It might be mentioned that the energy grid 300 would normally also have access to other energy sources.
  • a remaining energy amount 1' of the generated energy 1 can be used in the system 100 to operate an Hydrogen- Nitrogen-production unit 20 (H2-N2-production unit) of the system 100.
  • the amount of energy 1' which is fed to the H2-N2-production unit 20 depends on the energy demands of consumers to be supplied by the energy grid 300. I.e. in case of high demands, e.g. during peak times, it might be necessary that 100% of the energy 1 generated by the windmill 10 has to be fed into the electricity grid 300 to cover the demand. In contrast, in case of very low demands, e.g. during night times, 100% of the electricity 1 generated by the windmill 10 might be available for use in the system 100 and can be directed to the H2-N2-production unit 20.
  • Such managing and distribution of energy 1 from the windmill 10 is achieved by an energy distribution unit 11.
  • the energy distribution unit 11 receives the energy 1 from the windmill 10.
  • the energy distribution unit 11 is configured to receive the energy 1 provided by the renewable energy source 10 and to distribute the energy 1 to the energy grid 300 and/or to the H2-N2-production unit 20, wherein the distribution depends on an energy demand situation in the energy grid 300.
  • the H2-N2-production unit 20 comprises a Hydrogen electrolyzer 21 and an air separation unit 22.
  • the Hydrogen electrolyzer 21 of the H2-N2-production unit 20 is used to generate Hydrogen 4 through the electrolysis of water 2.
  • the Hydrogen electrolyzer 21 is supplied with water 2 from an arbitrary source (not shown) and it is operated using the energy 1' from the windmill 10.
  • Oxygen 6 is produced as a byproduct and it can be vented and released into the ambient air or it can be used for different
  • the air separation unit (ASU) 22 of the H2-N2-production unit 20 is used for the generation of Nitrogen 5.
  • Energy 1' provided by the windmill 10 is used to operate the ASU 22 which utilizes conventional air separation techniques to separate Nitrogen 5 from air 3.
  • the remaining components of the air 3, i.e. Oxygen and others, can be released into the ambient air.
  • the windmill 10 is utilized to provide the energy 1' for both the electrolysis of water 2 to form Hydrogen 4 with the Hydrogen electrolyzer 21 and for separating Nitrogen 5 from air 3 using the ASU 22.
  • Both Hydrogen 4 and Nitrogen 5 are then directed to a mixing unit 30 of the system 100.
  • the mixing unit 30 comprises a temporary storage unit 31, a mixer 32 and a compressor 33.
  • Hydrogen 4 and Nitrogen 5 pass the temporary storage unit 31 before being mixed in the mixer 32.
  • the resulting Hydrogen-Nitrogen-gas mixture 8 (H2-N2-gas mixture) is subsequently compressed to fifty or more atmospheres in the compressor 33.
  • Ammonia NH3 can now be formed by processing the compressed H2-N2-gas mixture 8 in the presence of a catalyst at an elevated temperature. This is achieved in a NH3 reaction chamber 41 of a NH3 source 40 of the system 100.
  • the compressed H2-N2-gas mixture 8 from the mixing unit 30 and from the compressor 33, respectively, is directed to the NH3 reaction chamber 41.
  • the reaction chamber 41 comprises one or more NH3 reaction beds 42 which are operated at an elevated temperature of, for example, 350-450°C.
  • the NH3 reaction chamber 41 produces a mixture of NH3 and, additionally,
  • a suitable catalyst can be based on iron
  • the NH3-H2-N2-mixture 9 is directed to a separator 43 of the NH3 source 40, for example a condenser, where NH3 is
  • the separator 43 produces NH3, which is sent to an NH3 storage vessel 44 of the NH3 source 40, and a remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8' .
  • the separator 43 generates NH3 out of the NH3-H2-N2-mixture 9 provided by the NH3 reaction chamber 41 and a H2-N2-gas mixture 8' remains.
  • this remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8' is re-cycled to be utilized again for the generation of NH3 in the NH3 reaction chamber 41.
  • the system 100 of this embodiment as shown in FIG 2 comprises an additional re-processing unit 50 with a re- compressor 51 and a mixer 52.
  • this embodiment of the invention differs from the above described basic embodiment of the invention in that the compressed H2-N2-gas mixture 8 from the compressor 33 is not passed directly to the NH3 reaction chamber 41, but it reaches the NH3 reaction chamber 41 only via the mixer 52 of the re-processing unit 50.
  • the remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8' of the separator 43 is passed to the re-compressor 51 of the re-processing unit 50 of the system 100.
  • the re-compressor 51 compresses the remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8' to fifty or more atmospheres to account for pressure losses during the processing in the NH3 reaction chamber 41 and in the
  • the re-compressed remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8' is then passed to the mixer 52 where it is mixed with the fresh H2-N2-gas mixture 8 from the mixer 30 and the
  • the mixer 52 generates a mixture 8 of the H2-N2-gas mixtures 8, 8' which is subsequently directed to the NH3 reaction chamber 41.
  • the gas mixture is processed as described above in the NH3 source 40 to produce NH3 and, again, a remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8 ' .
  • FIG 3 shows a variation of the embodiment shown in FIG 2.
  • the remaining H2-N2-gas mixture 8' is directly fed into the mixer 32 of the mixing unit 30 to be mixed with the incoming
  • the NH3 storage vessel 44 is fluidly connected with an NH3 power generator 200 such that an NH3 gas stream can be established to transport NH3 from the storage vessel 44 to the NH3 power generator 200.
  • Ammonia can be used in a number of different combustion cycles, for example in the Brayton cycle or in the Diesel cycle. However, at a power level of a windmill or a windfarm, it would be appropriate to use a gas turbine for combustion of Ammonia for the generation of electrical energy, wherein the Brayton cycle would be
  • the NH3 power generator 200 can be a gas turbine which is configured for the combustion of Ammonia. It has been shown earlier that conventional gas turbines with only slight modifications of the burner would be suitable. In an alternative embodiment, the NH3 power generator 200 might use the technology of an Ammonia based fuel cell. The gas turbine 200 combusts the NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel 44 for the generation of energy ' ' ' in a combustion chamber 201 of the NH3 power generator 200 and gas turbine, respectively. This energy ' ' ' can then be fed into the energy grid 300.
  • the system 100 comprises a main control unit 60 which is configured to control various components of the system 100 (connections of the main control unit 60 with other
  • the main control unit 60 controls the process of generating energy ' ' ' for the energy grid 300 and the production of NH3.
  • the main control unit 60 reduces the production of NH3 by reducing the gas mass flow in the system 100 by powering down the compressors 33, 51 and/or the H2-N2-production unit 20 with the Hydrogen electrolyzer 21 and the ASU 22.
  • the main control unit 60 increases the NH3 mass flow from the NH3 storage vessel 44 to the NH3 power
  • the NH3 power generator 200 increases the generation of energy ' ' ' required for the energy grid 300 in order to guarantee a stable energy supply in the grid 300 to achieve a balanced load.
  • the main control unit 60 intensifies the production of NH3 in the system 100 by increasing the gas mass flow in the system 100 by
  • Hydrogen electrolyzer 21 and/or to the ASU 22 This results in an increased production of NH3 which is stored in the NH3 storage vessel 44.
  • the generation of energy ' ' ' from the NH3 power generator 200 for the energy grid 300 is not increased, but it might be decreased.
  • the main control unit 60 controls the generation of power in the NH3 power generator 200 based on the energy consumption and demand in the electricity grid 300 and based on the available power supply by any energy sources available for the grid 300.
  • the main control unit 60 would power up the NH3 power generator 200 to cover the demand.
  • the main control unit 60 would power down the NH3 power generator 200 and the NH3 generation would be intensified by supplying more energy to the H2-N2- production unit 20 and by increasing the mass flow in the system 100 so that the NH3 storage vessel 44 can be filled up again .
  • the main control unit 60 is configured to reduce the generation of NH3 to be directed to the NH3 storage vessel 44 and/or increase the generation of energy 1' ' ' during periods of too low renewable energy input 1, e.g. during periods of low wind and/or high energy demands in the energy grid 300.
  • the main control unit 60 is configured to increase the generation of NH3 to be directed to the NH3 storage vessel 44 and/or reduce the generation of energy ' ' ' during periods of too high renewable energy input 1, e.g. during periods of strong winds and/or low energy demands in the grid 300.
  • the controlling performed by the main control unit 60 may depend on the actual power demand in the energy grid 300, the energy 1 generated by the renewable energy source 10, and/or the actual amount of energy 1' from the renewable energy source 10 available for the system 100.
  • the main control unit 60 has to be connected to the energy grid 300 to receive information about the current energy demand and coverage in the grid 300.
  • the main control unit 60 would be connected to the energy distribution unit 11 and/or to the windmill 10 directly to receive information about energy 1, 1', 1' ' provided by the windmill 10 and available for usage in the system 100 and in the grid 300.
  • the main control unit 60 would have to be connected to the H2-N2-production unit 20 to control the amount of produced Hydrogen and Nitrogen and to the various mixers and compressors, if applicable, to regulate the mass flow in the system. With this, the main control unit 60 can regulate the production of NH3 to be directed to the NH3 storage vessel 44. In addition to this, the main control unit 60 is connected to the NH3 storage vessel 44 to regulate the supply of NH3 to the NH3 power generator 200 and to the NH3 power generator 200 itself to regulate the energy generation by NH3 combustion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention utilise une énergie renouvelable générée par un parc éolien ou d'autres énergies renouvelables. L'énergie renouvelable peut être utilisée pour alimenter en énergie un réseau énergétique local ou national. Cependant, selon l'invention, au moins une partie de l'énergie renouvelable peut être stockée en utilisant l'énergie pour générer de l'hydrogène et de l'azote. L'hydrogène et l'azote sont ensuite convertis en ammoniac qui est stocké de manière à être disponible pour une turbine à ammoniac. La turbine à gaz brûle l'ammoniac pour produire de l'énergie pour un réseau énergétique. Une unité de commande principale est configurée pour simultanément réduire la production d'ammoniac et augmenter la production d'énergie pendant les périodes de faible entrée d'énergie renouvelable et simultanément augmenter la production d'ammoniac et réduire la production d'énergie pendant les périodes d'entrée élevée d'énergie renouvelable.
PCT/EP2014/062582 2014-06-16 2014-06-16 Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente WO2015192876A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/062582 WO2015192876A1 (fr) 2014-06-16 2014-06-16 Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/062582 WO2015192876A1 (fr) 2014-06-16 2014-06-16 Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015192876A1 true WO2015192876A1 (fr) 2015-12-23

Family

ID=51059420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/062582 WO2015192876A1 (fr) 2014-06-16 2014-06-16 Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2015192876A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024133419A1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-27 Topsoe A/S Système et procédé de conversion d'ammoniac en énergie dans un système d'équilibrage de puissance

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070107432A1 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-17 Sheldon Smith Packaged system for the production of chemical compounds from renewable energy resources
WO2008045456A2 (fr) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc. Génération d'électricité pour matériau neutre
EP2377815A1 (fr) * 2009-01-09 2011-10-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de synthèse de l'ammoniac
US20120068471A1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2012-03-22 Robertson John S Energy conversion system
US20130252120A1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2013-09-26 John S. Robertson Energy conversion system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070107432A1 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-17 Sheldon Smith Packaged system for the production of chemical compounds from renewable energy resources
WO2008045456A2 (fr) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc. Génération d'électricité pour matériau neutre
US20120068471A1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2012-03-22 Robertson John S Energy conversion system
US20130252120A1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2013-09-26 John S. Robertson Energy conversion system
EP2377815A1 (fr) * 2009-01-09 2011-10-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de synthèse de l'ammoniac

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024133419A1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-27 Topsoe A/S Système et procédé de conversion d'ammoniac en énergie dans un système d'équilibrage de puissance

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3154904B1 (fr) Système et procédé d'équilibrage de charge d'énergie renouvelable par intermittence pour un réseau d'électricité
US20200277894A1 (en) System and method for supplying an energy grid with energy from an intermittent renewable energy source
US10323544B2 (en) System and method for supplying an energy grid with energy from an intermittent renewable energy source
US10436074B2 (en) Combined brayton/rankine cycle gas and steam turbine generating system operated in two closed loops
KR20160028479A (ko) 융통성있게 작동가능한 발전 플랜트 및 그의 작동 방법
CA2747097A1 (fr) Procede et installation permettant de produire une source d'energie en utilisant du dioxyde de carbone comme source de carbone et en utilisant l'energie electrique
US20060207178A1 (en) Renewable energy operated hydrogen reforming system
CN113794227B (zh) 一种实现碳循环的综合能源系统
WO2015192876A1 (fr) Système et procédé pour alimenter un réseau énergétique avec l'énergie provenant d'une source d'énergie renouvelable intermittente
Crockett et al. Electrolyser-based energy management: A means for optimising the exploitation of variable renewable-energy resources in stand-alone applications
CN115667675A (zh) 具有液态空气储能和发电设备的系统
JP6621354B2 (ja) 発電システム
CN114781872A (zh) 基于风-光-水-氢一体化的建筑供能系统
CN114583223A (zh) 用于lng接收站零碳排高温可逆燃料电池供能/储能系统
CN114976168A (zh) 一种发电联合氨电化学制储用的电热氧产供系统
CN116470580A (zh) 一种园区净零碳供电系统及方法
Lymberopoulos et al. Hydrogen as an alternative product for wind park developers
Agbossou et al. Renewable hydrogen production and distribution options for fuel cells use

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14734417

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

DPE1 Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14734417

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1