WO2015190175A1

WO2015190175A1 - Keyboard musical instrument

Info

Publication number: WO2015190175A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/061977
Authority: WO
Inventors: 白井和彦
Original assignee: 白井和彦
Priority date: 2014-06-11
Filing date: 2015-04-20
Publication date: 2015-12-17
Also published as: JP2016014847A; JP5641551B1

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a keyboard musical instrument that enables changes in temperament to be recognized visually. [Solution] A keyboard musical instrument (1) comprises: a plurality of keys (5); a temperament selection unit (6) that enables a user to select the temperament; a control unit (3) that determines the frequency and cent value of the plurality of keys (5) in accordance with the temperament selected using the temperament selection unit (6), and that two-dimensionally disposes the plurality of keys (5) at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values of the keys; and an output unit (4) that outputs a sound corresponding to the cent value of the key (5) selected from among the plurality of keys (5). The present invention is characterized in that if the frequency difference and the cent value difference of a first set of any two of the keys (5) and the frequency difference and the cent value difference of a second set of any two of the keys (5) are the same, the control unit (3) disposes the plurality of keys (5) so that the distance and direction between center points of the first set of any two of the keys (5) and the distance and direction between center points of the second set of any two of the keys (5) are the same.

Description

Keyboard instrument

The present invention relates to a keyboard instrument.

Conventionally, there is known an electronic keyboard instrument called an isomorphic keyboard in which a plurality of keys are arranged on a touch panel and outputs a sound having a pitch corresponding to the touched key (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Special Table 2002-535706 Publication

By the way, since the latter half of the 19th century, 12 equal temperament has been dominant as the temperament used for tuning instruments, but by changing the temperament to other temperaments, understanding of the historical flow of music, performance, It leads to deepening viewing enjoyment.

In fact, in recent years, the importance of using historical temperament has been widely recognized due to the development of “Koraku”, and reevaluation of ethnic temperament and attempts to tune with new temperament have been actively conducted. ing.

In addition, 12 equal temperament emphasizes ease of use by focusing on the purity of the pitch, so it is fundamental for those who are going to start music to rely on only 12 equal temperament. It is not preferable to acquire a sense of pitch and a sense of making good use of out-of-tune sounds.

However, unless you are used to music, it is difficult to sense changes in temperament only by hearing.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard instrument that can visually recognize a change in temperament.

The present invention determines or changes a cent value of the plurality of keys according to a temperament selected by a plurality of keys, a temperament selection unit for a user to select a temperament, and the temperament selection unit, A control unit that two-dimensionally arranges the keys at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values; and an output unit that outputs a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected key among the plurality of keys. A keyboard instrument, wherein the control unit, on the two-dimensional dimension, has the frequency difference and the cent value difference between one arbitrary two keys, and the frequency difference between other arbitrary two keys and If the cent value difference is the same, the distance and direction between the center points of the one arbitrary two keys and the distance and direction between the center points of the other two arbitrary keys are the same. The plurality of keys are related to one direction so that Depending on the frequency, respectively Te provides a keyboard instrument, characterized in regard to the other direction orthogonal to the one direction to be arranged in accordance with the respective cent value.

According to such a configuration, the user can visually recognize a change in temperament, and can provide great convenience in music education and music theory exploration.

Further, the control unit can two-dimensionally arrange a plurality of overtone keys corresponding to overtones of an arbitrary key at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values, independently of the plurality of keys. And the output unit independently generates a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected key among the plurality of keys and a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected harmonic key among the plurality of harmonic keys. It is preferable that output is possible.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to visually recognize a difference between an arbitrary harmonic key and a key corresponding to the harmonic key. In addition, since the overtone key and the key can be output independently, it is possible to clarify the difference between them by outputting the sound independently.

Further, it is preferable that the control unit can change the arrangement of each key using a difference between a cent value corresponding to a predetermined temperament and a cent value corresponding to the selected temperament.

According to such a configuration, the larger the difference between the cent value according to the predetermined temperament and the cent value according to the selected temperament, the more the keys are separated in the direction related to the cent value. Therefore, it becomes possible to visually recognize the change of the temperament more effectively.

The controller may determine the shape of each key so that any two-dimensional point is included in the same key as the closest center point among the plurality of key center points. preferable.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to visually recognize a change in temperament not only by the key position but also by the key shape.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, a screen capable of displaying a plurality of keys each assigned a frequency and a temperament selection unit for a user to select a temperament, and a selection among the plurality of keys An output unit capable of outputting a sound corresponding to a cent value of the key, a keyboard instrument program for arranging the plurality of keys on the screen, wherein the temperament selecting unit Determining or changing the cent value of the plurality of keys according to the selected temperament, and displaying the plurality of keys at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values on the screen; If the difference in frequency and cent value of one arbitrary two keys is the same as the difference in frequency and cent value of any other two keys, the one arbitrary The plurality of keys are each related to one direction so that the distance and direction between the center points of the two keys are the same as the distance and direction between the center points of the other two keys. There is provided a program for a keyboard instrument, comprising: a step of displaying in accordance with each cent value the other directions orthogonal to the one direction according to the frequency.

According to the keyboard musical instrument of the present invention, it is possible to visually recognize changes in temperament, which can contribute to the development of a clearer sense of pitch.

Configuration diagram of a keyboard musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention The enlarged view of the keyboard part by embodiment of this invention Explanatory drawing of a harmonic key according to an embodiment of the present invention Explanatory drawing about tone change emphasis and key shape by embodiment of this invention

Hereinafter, a keyboard instrument 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the keyboard instrument 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the keyboard instrument 1 includes a keyboard unit 2, a control unit 3, and an output unit 4.

The keyboard unit 2 is composed of a touch panel, and a plurality of keys 5 each corresponding to a pitch can be displayed on the touch panel. When any of the keys 5 is touched, a sound having a pitch corresponding to the touched key 5 is output from the output unit 4 under the control of the control unit 3.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the keyboard unit 2. In the present embodiment, the right direction in FIG. 2 is defined as the X direction and the upward direction is defined as the Y direction.

On the keyboard part 2, a temperament selection part 6, a harmonic overtone display part 7, and a temperament change emphasis part 8 can be displayed.

The temperament selection unit 6 is used by the user to select a temperament to be used with the keyboard instrument 1. It can be selected from one temperament. Note that the temperament defines the relationship of the frequency ratio between pitch names constituting the scale, and if the temperament is different, even the same pitch name can have a slightly different pitch (pitch difference).

By the way, when the frequency ratio is used to specify the pitch difference, for example, in the case of “La” (frequency 440 Hz), the frequency of “La” on one octave is 880 Hz (double) and “La” on two octaves. Each pitch difference is specified by a power of 2, such that the frequency of “1” is 1760 Hz (4 times), and “la” on 3 octaves is 3520 Hz (8 times). However, it is difficult to visually grasp the high pitch difference between the pitch names in such identification by power.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the pitch is specified mainly using the unit of cent value. The cent value is one in which one octave is defined as 1200 cents, and the pitch can be specified simply by adding. When the cent value is used, if the cent value of the reference sound (for example, “La” as described above) is 0 cent, “La” on one octave is 1200 cents and “La” on two octaves. Each pitch is specified by addition, such that 2400 cents, 3 octaves of “La” is 3600 cents. Therefore, by using the cent value, it becomes easy to visually grasp the high pitch difference between the pitch names.

The overtone display unit 7 is for displaying a plurality of overtone keys 9 corresponding to overtones of an arbitrary key 5, and the temperament change emphasizing unit 8 is for visually emphasizing changes in the temperament. . These will be described later.

Next, the arrangement of the plurality of keys 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

The control unit 3 stores a cent value corresponding to the temperament. When the temperament is selected by the temperament selection unit 6, the cent value of each key 5 is determined based on the cent value corresponding to the selected temperament. .

For example, when “equal temperament” is selected, the control unit 3 uses “do” as a reference, and “do”, “le”, “mi”, “fa”, “so”, “la” , “Shi” and “do” are determined to be 0, 200, 400, 500, 700, 900, 1100 and 1200 cents, respectively.

Subsequently, the control unit 3 places each key 5 at a position corresponding to each frequency and cent value. Specifically, the X direction is arranged at a position corresponding to the frequency, and the Y direction is arranged at a position corresponding to the cent value.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the arrangement of the keys 5 when “equal temperament” is selected.

In the present embodiment, the controller 3 arranges the keys 5 so as to increase by 2 degrees in the P direction and by 3 degrees in the Q direction. Therefore, under such an arrangement, each key 5 is assigned a pitch name as shown in FIG. 2, and proceeds in the direction of D in the direction P, and in the direction Q. It will proceed as Dormi b-So b ...

The control unit 3 then arranges the center positions of the plurality of keys 5 arranged in the P direction at equal intervals in the X direction, and also sets the center positions of the plurality of keys 5 arranged in the Q direction at equal intervals in the X direction. Each key 5 is arranged, and the distance in the X direction between the keys 5 corresponds to the frequency.

Also, the control unit arranges each key 5 at a position corresponding to each cent value in the Y direction.

For example, if “equal temperament” is selected, “do”, “le”, “mi”, “fa”, “so”, “la”, “si”, “do” are assumed when “do” is used as a reference. ”Are 0, 200, 400, 500, 700, 900, 1100, and 1200, respectively. Therefore, the control unit 3 sets the center of each key 5 to 0, 200, 400, 500, 700 in the Y direction. , 900, 1100, 1200 are arranged at points having coordinate values.

With such a configuration, each key 5 is arranged at a position corresponding to the respective frequency and cent value. As a result, the difference between the frequency and cent value of any one of the two keys 5 and the other If the frequency difference and the cent value difference of any two keys 5 are the same, the distance and direction between the center points of the one arbitrary two keys 5 and the other arbitrary two keys The distance and direction between the five center points are the same.

In the case of “equal temperament”, the cent value increases by 200 and 300 each time the key is increased in the P direction and the Q direction, that is, the frequency and the cent value have a proportional relationship. 2, all the keys 5 are arranged linearly along the P direction and the Q direction.

However, in other temperaments, the frequency and the cent value are not always in a proportional relationship. Therefore, when another temperament is selected, not all keys 5 are arranged in a straight line along the P direction and the Q direction. For example, as shown in FIG. There is also a case where it is arranged.

However, even in such a case, the frequency difference and the cent value difference of one arbitrary two keys 5 and the frequency difference and cent value difference of the other arbitrary two keys 5 are different from each other. If they are the same, the distance and direction between the central points of the one arbitrary two keys 5 and the distance and direction between the central points of the other arbitrary two keys 5 are the same. The difference in pitch (cent value) between 5 can be easily grasped.

Thus, in the keyboard instrument 1 according to the present embodiment, when the temperament is changed by the temperament selection unit 6, it is possible to grasp the change in the position of each key 5 at a glance. Therefore, according to the keyboard musical instrument 1 according to the present embodiment, the user can visually recognize changes in the temperament, and can provide great convenience in music education, music theory exploration, and the like.

Further, the keyboard instrument 1 according to the present embodiment includes a harmonic overtone display unit 7 for displaying a plurality of overtone keys 9 corresponding to overtones of an arbitrary key 5.

倍 Overtone refers to a pitch having a frequency that is an integer multiple of an arbitrary pitch, and serves as a mark for a genuine pitch. Specifically, if “do” is a reference (first overtone), “do” (up one octave), “so” (up one octave), “( 2), 2), 3rd harmonic, 4th harmonic, 5th harmonic, etc., respectively.

When the user operates the overtone display unit 7, the control unit 3 sets a plurality of overtone keys 9 corresponding to overtones of an arbitrary key 5 independently of the plurality of keys 5, as shown in FIG. 3. It is arranged at a position corresponding to the frequency and the cent value. Then, the output unit 4 outputs a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected key 5 among the plurality of keys 5 and a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected harmonic key 9 among the plurality of harmonic keys 9. It is possible to output it independently.

In FIG. 3, for the sake of easy understanding, all the harmonic keys 9 are displayed at substantially the center positions of the corresponding keys 5, but depending on the selected temperament, they are greatly increased from the center positions of the corresponding keys 5. It is possible to leave.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to visually recognize a difference between an arbitrary harmonic key 9 and the key 5 corresponding to the harmonic key 9. Since the harmonic key 9 and the key 5 can be output independently, it is possible to clarify the difference between them by outputting the sound independently.

In the present embodiment, when the harmonic key 9 and the cent value of the key 5 corresponding to the harmonic key 9 are the same, the harmonic key 9 is displayed thickly. With such a configuration, it is possible to easily recognize the harmonic key 9 that accurately corresponds to the selected temperament.

The keyboard instrument 1 according to the present embodiment includes a temperament change emphasizing unit 8 for visually emphasizing changes in temperament. When the user operates the temperament change emphasizing unit 8, the control unit 3 The arrangement of the keys 5 is changed using the difference between the cent value corresponding to a predetermined temperament and the cent value corresponding to the selected temperament.

For example, when a cent value corresponding to a predetermined temperament is 100 and a cent value corresponding to a selected temperament is 101 for a certain key 5, the difference 1 (= 101-100) is selected. The arrangement is changed to a position corresponding to the cent value 102 added to the cent value 101 corresponding to the temperament.

FIG. 4 is an example in which the arrangement of the key 5 is changed when “Werckmeister”, which is an unequal temperament, is selected, and it can be visually recognized that the change in the temperament is emphasized. .

With such a configuration, as the difference between the cent value corresponding to the predetermined temperament and the cent value corresponding to the selected temperament is larger, the plurality of keys 5 are separated from each other in the Y direction. In addition, it is possible to visually recognize changes in temperament.

Moreover, in the keyboard instrument 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 3 causes the arbitrary point on the touch panel to be included in the same key 5 as the closest center point among the center points of the plurality of keys 5. The shape of each key 5 is determined. For example, when “Werckmeister” which is an unequal temperament is selected and the temperament change emphasizing unit 8 is operated, the control unit 3 determines the shape of the key 5 as shown in FIG.

According to such a configuration, not only the position of the key 5 but also the change of the temperament can be visually recognized not only by the shape of the key 5.

The keyboard musical instrument of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and improvements can be made within the scope described in the claims.

For example, in the above embodiment, the Y coordinate of each key 5 is set to be the cent value itself, but the Y coordinate of each key 5 is relatively set without being set to be the cent value itself. What is necessary is just to set so that it may be proportional to the cent value.

In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of keys 5 are displayed on the touch panel, but may be displayed on a screen of a personal computer or the like that is not a touch panel and used using a mouse or the like. Further, the plurality of keys 5 may be realized by a mechanical structure instead of a configuration for displaying on the screen.

In the above embodiment, the upper direction in FIG. 2 corresponds to the pitch difference. For example, if the right direction in FIG. 2 corresponds to the pitch difference, the user is accustomed to the piano key arrangement. Can be friendly.

In the above embodiment, the temperament change emphasizing unit 8 adds the difference between the cent value corresponding to the predetermined temperament and the cent value corresponding to the selected temperament to the cent value corresponding to the selected temperament. Thus, the arrangement of the key 5 may be changed. For example, the arrangement of the key 5 may be changed by adding a product obtained by multiplying the difference to a cent value corresponding to the selected temperament. The arrangement of the key 5 may be changed by adding the product of cents to a cent value according to a predetermined temperament.

Even in such a case, the shape of each key 5 is the center at which an arbitrary point on the touch panel is the closest among the center points of the plurality of keys 5 as described in the above embodiment. It is determined to be included in the same key 5 as the point.

The present invention can also be applied to a program corresponding to the control unit 3.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Keyboard instrument 2 Keyboard part 3 Control part 4 Output part 5 Key 6 Temperament selection part 7 Overtone display part 8 Temperament change emphasis part 9 Overtone key

Claims

Multiple keys and
A temperament selector for the user to select a temperament;
A control unit that determines or changes the cent value of the plurality of keys according to the temperament selected by the temperament selection unit, and that two-dimensionally arranges the plurality of keys at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values; ,
An output unit that outputs a sound corresponding to a cent value of the selected key among the plurality of keys;
Keyboard instrument with
The control unit, on the two-dimensional, the difference in the frequency and the cent value of one arbitrary two keys, the difference in the frequency and the cent value of any other two keys Are the same, the distance and direction between the center points of the one arbitrary two keys and the distance and direction between the center points of the other two keys are the same. A keyboard instrument characterized in that a plurality of keys are arranged according to frequency in one direction and according to respective cent values in other directions orthogonal to the one direction.
The control unit is capable of two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of harmonic keys corresponding to harmonics of an arbitrary key at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values independently of the plurality of keys. The output unit independently generates a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected key among the plurality of keys and a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected harmonic key among the plurality of harmonic keys. The keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the keyboard instrument is capable of output.
The said control part can change arrangement | positioning using the difference of the cent value according to a predetermined temperament, and the cent value according to the selected temperament about each key. Keyboard instrument as described in.
The control unit determines the shape of each key so that any two-dimensional point is included in the same key as the closest center point among the center points of the plurality of keys. The keyboard musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A screen that can display a plurality of keys each assigned a frequency and a temperament selection unit for the user to select a temperament, and outputs a sound corresponding to the cent value of the selected key among the plurality of keys A keyboard instrument program for arranging the plurality of keys on the screen in a device including a possible output unit,
Determining or changing the cent value of the plurality of keys according to the temperament selected by the temperament selection unit, and displaying the plurality of keys at positions corresponding to the respective frequencies and cent values on the screen; ,
On the screen, when the difference in the frequency and the cent value of one arbitrary two keys is the same as the difference in the frequency and the cent value of any other two keys, The plurality of keys are assigned to one key so that the distance and direction between the center points of the one arbitrary two keys are the same as the distance and direction between the center points of the other two keys. Displaying each direction according to the frequency, and according to each cent value regarding the other direction orthogonal to the one direction,
A program for a keyboard instrument characterized by comprising: