WO2015186283A1 - Deterioration state estimation device, charge state estimation device, ocv curve calculation/generation device, and electricity storage device - Google Patents
Deterioration state estimation device, charge state estimation device, ocv curve calculation/generation device, and electricity storage device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015186283A1 WO2015186283A1 PCT/JP2015/001493 JP2015001493W WO2015186283A1 WO 2015186283 A1 WO2015186283 A1 WO 2015186283A1 JP 2015001493 W JP2015001493 W JP 2015001493W WO 2015186283 A1 WO2015186283 A1 WO 2015186283A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a secondary battery deterioration state estimation device, a charge state estimation device, an OCV curve calculation generation device, and a power storage device.
- Secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries and nickel metal hydride batteries are widely used in mobile terminals such as mobile phones as power sources.
- renewable energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation has attracted attention
- secondary batteries have been attracting attention and spreading as applications for storing the energy.
- hybrid cars and electric cars equipped with secondary batteries are becoming popular. In this way, the secondary battery plays a role as a key device indispensable for power supply applications.
- SOC state of charge
- the open circuit voltage (OCV) is first estimated, and the SOC is estimated from the relationship between the OCV and the SOC prepared in advance in a table or the like.
- OCV open circuit voltage
- OCV open circuit voltage
- the relationship between OCV and SOC (which will be referred to as an OCV curve because a curved shape is drawn) mainly changes depending on the battery configuration, such as the type of positive and negative electrodes. Since the shape of the OCV curve changes as the battery deteriorates, the SOC estimation accuracy depends on how accurately the OCV curve is calculated.
- the OCV curve is known to have hysteresis characteristics. That is, the OCV curve differs between excessive discharge (discharge rate is greater than charge) and excessive charge (charge rate is greater than discharge). Therefore, it is necessary to have two OCV curves of excessive discharge and excessive charge. Further, when using the OCV curve, it is necessary to select one of the OCV curves.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a deterioration state estimation device, a charge state estimation device, an OCV curve calculation generation device, and a power storage device that can simply and accurately estimate the other OCV curve from one OCV curve. is there.
- the present disclosure inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of a secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, and calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value.
- a degradation state estimation device including an OCV curve estimator that estimates at least one OCV curve.
- the present disclosure is a charging state estimation device including an SOC estimator that estimates SOC (charging state) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the above-described deterioration state estimation device.
- a Q (discharge capacity) value and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value of a secondary battery are input, an OCV curve calculator that calculates a single OCV curve, and a shape of the OCV curve estimated by the OCV curve calculator It is an OCV curve calculation generation apparatus provided with the OCV curve generator which produces
- the present disclosure inputs the Q (discharge capacity) value and OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery, and determines whether or not to start the estimation of the OCV curve, and the OCV manager that records the discharge capacity and the OCV value.
- An OCV curve estimator comprising: an OCV curve controller configured to perform the OCV curve calculation and generation apparatus according to claim 4; and an OCV curve manager configured to record and manage the generated OCV curve.
- the present disclosure is a power storage device including a secondary battery and a charge state estimation device, The state-of-charge estimating device inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of a secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, an OCV calculator that calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and at least one OCV curve.
- the power storage device includes an OCV curve estimator to be estimated, and an SOC estimator that estimates an SOC (charge state) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the OCV curve estimator.
- it is a schematic diagram used for explanation of processing for estimating the other OCV curve from one OCV curve.
- It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of OCV curve estimation.
- It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of OCV curve calculation.
- It is an approximate line figure used for explanation of processing of calculation of an OCV plot by linear interpolation.
- it is an approximate line figure used for explanation of processing which presumes the other OCV curve from one OCV curve.
- First Embodiment> The present disclosure is characterized in that the other OCV curve is simply and accurately estimated from one OCV curve.
- 1A and 1B are explanatory diagrams of the outline of the present disclosure.
- the horizontal axis is the discharge capacity (Q), and the vertical axis is the voltage.
- the charging-side OCV curve 1C can be estimated from the information constituting the shape of the OCV curve 1D, as shown in FIG. 1B. it can. Conversely, the same applies to the case where the charging-side OCV curve 1C is known.
- the reason why the other OCV curve can be generated from one OCV curve in this way is that the correlation between the OCV curves is very high. In fact, we found such characteristics and confirmed that even if the battery deteriorates, the relationship remains intact.
- the discharge side curve is an OCV curve when the discharge rate is larger than the charge
- the charge side curve is the OCV curve when the charge rate is larger than the discharge.
- Fig. 2 shows an explanatory diagram of the deteriorated OCV curve.
- An OCV curve 2A (indicated by a broken line) of a new battery becomes an OCV curve 2B (indicated by a solid line) having a shape that is expanded and contracted and shifted when it deteriorates.
- OCV curve of a battery can be expressed by a difference between an OCV curve 3P of a single positive electrode and an OCV curve 3N of a single negative electrode.
- the OCV curve 3P of the single positive electrode and the OCV curve 3N of the single negative electrode are generally measured using lithium metal as a counter electrode. Therefore, the OCV curve of the battery can be generated by taking the difference between the previously obtained unipolar OCV curves that are expanded and contracted and shifted.
- the shape change will be described with reference to FIG. 3 taking the OCV curve of the single negative electrode as an example. Since the capacity is usually reduced as compared with a new article, when the battery is deteriorated, the battery capacity is reduced and the shape of the OCV curve is changed. As shown in FIG. 3A, the OCV curve 3Na of the negative electrode contracts as the battery capacity decreases. Furthermore, when the potential balance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode changes, the positional relationship between the OCV curves changes and shifts as shown in FIG. 3B. As a result of the difference in the OCV curve between the single positive electrode and the single negative electrode that have changed in shape as described above, the OCV curve of the battery has a contracted and shifted shape as compared with the new one. Note that the capacity may increase as compared with a new product. In this case, the shape change is expansion / shift.
- the term stretch is used to include both contraction and stretch.
- FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the discharge-side OCV curve 1D and the charge-side OCV curve 1C.
- monitoring points (Ac, Ad, Bc, Bd) in FIG. 4A are provided in the vicinity of the inflection point of the OCV curve in accordance with the battery capacity deterioration. And observed how the monitoring point changes.
- FIG. 4B shows the ratio of the current battery capacity CAPnow to the initial battery capacity CAPnew (capacity maintenance rate) on the horizontal axis and the ratio of discharge capacity to the current battery capacity DOD (Depth ofDischarge) on the vertical axis.
- SOC is defined as the reciprocal of DOD. It was confirmed that although the DOD changed according to the deterioration, the relationship between the discharge and charge monitoring points did not change. Thus, it has been found that the correlation between the discharge-side OCV curve and the charge-side OCV curve is very high.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a deterioration state estimator.
- Information on voltage, current, and temperature is supplied from a secondary battery (not shown) to the deterioration state estimator.
- the deterioration state estimator includes a Q calculator 11, an OCV estimator 12, and an OCV curve estimator 13.
- the Q calculator 11 calculates the discharge capacity (Q) starting from the time of full charge mainly from current integration.
- the OCV estimator 12 calculates an open circuit voltage (OCV). If a sufficient time has passed so that the concentration polarization in the battery can be ignored, the input measurement voltage may be handled as OCV as it is. Using these calculated values as input, the OCV curve estimator 13 estimates the shape of the OCV curve. The battery capacity can be estimated from the discharge capacity until the OCV curve of the battery reaches the cutoff voltage.
- FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the charge state estimator.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining SOC estimation based on OCV estimation. As shown in FIG. 7, the SOC estimator 14 estimates the SOC by referring to the OCV estimated value by the OCV curve estimator 13.
- FIG. 8 shows an exemplary configuration of the OCV curve estimator 13.
- the OCV curve estimator 13 includes an OCV manager 131, an OCV curve controller 132, an OCV curve calculation generator 133, and an OCV curve manager 134.
- the OCV curve calculation generator 133 has a configuration in which an OCV curve calculator 141 and an OCV curve generator 142 are connected in cascade.
- OCV estimated value recording memory is provided, and the relationship between Q [mAh] and OCV [V] is stored for each of the discharge side and the charge side, as shown in FIG.
- the charging side OCV curve is estimated from the discharging side OCV curve.
- the OCV curve is estimated by the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. Further, the OCV curve calculation is performed by the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG.
- Step ST1 The capacity Q and the OCV estimated value are recorded for the purpose of storing the OCV value trajectory by the OCV estimated value by the OCV manager 131 of the OCV curve estimator 13. It is determined and recorded whether the estimated OCV estimated value is an excessive discharge side or an excessive charge side. A white dot in FIG. 11A indicates one sample of the OCV estimation value.
- Step ST2 It is determined whether or not the number of OCV estimated values has reached a sufficient amount.
- the OCV curve controller 132 determines whether or not to start the OCV curve estimation based on whether or not the discharge-side or charging-side OCV value locus recorded in the memory has reached an amount sufficient to estimate the OCV curve. to decide.
- Step ST3 When it is determined that the number of OCV estimated values has reached a sufficient amount, the OCV curve calculation generator 133 estimates the shape of the OCV curve. That is, the shape of the OCV curve is estimated from the OCV value locus. If it is determined that the number of OCV estimated values has not reached a sufficient amount, the process returns to step ST1.
- Step ST4 The other OCV curve (for example, the charging side OCV curve) is generated from the configuration information of one OCV curve (for example, the discharging side OCV curve).
- Step ST5 The battery capacity is calculated from the OCV curve.
- Step ST6 The OCV curve manager 134 records the OCV curve and the battery capacity in a memory or the like. Then, the OCV curve estimation process ends.
- 11A and 11B are explanatory diagrams for estimating the other OCV curve from one OCV curve.
- the discharge capacity and OCV estimated value recorded in the memory or the like can be plotted with the discharge capacity Q as the horizontal axis and the voltage as the vertical axis, and the OCV value locus is drawn.
- an OCV value locus on the excessive discharge side will be described as an example.
- the optimal curve is obtained.
- Configuration information constituting the discharge-side OCV curve such as magnification and shift amount is obtained.
- the OCV curve calculation generator 133 generates the other OCV curve based on the configuration information (magnification and shift amount) of one OCV curve. As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, using the OCV curve configuration information (magnifications Xp, Xn, shift amounts Yp, Yn) on the discharge side, the charge-side single pole OCV curve obtained in advance is expanded / contracted / shifted. Thus, the OCV curve on the charging side can be generated.
- the OCV curve on the charging side is generated using the configuration information on the OCV curve on the discharging side.
- the process of generating the discharge-side OCV curve using the configuration information of the charge-side OCV curve is performed simultaneously (in parallel). Therefore, in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, it is not necessary to wait for the OCV value locus on the other side to be satisfied, and it is not necessary to perform fitting with a heavy processing load. Since the discharge-side and charge-side OCV curves are updated simultaneously, there is no difference in the degree of deterioration between the two OCV curves, and adverse effects on the SOC estimation accuracy can be suppressed.
- a process of generating the other OCV curve from the configuration information of one OCV curve (the process of the OCV curve estimator 13 in FIG. 8, step ST4 in FIG. 12) will be described in more detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. .
- the method of calculating the OCV curve is not limited to the method described here.
- a method for generating an OCV curve of a battery by expanding and contracting and shifting a single pole OCV curve will be described.
- Step ST11 First, the expansion / contraction magnification (Xp, Xn) and the shift amount (Yp, Yn) with respect to the unipolar OCV curve are used as parameters, and a range of values for changing the parameters is set. For example, in the case of the expansion / contraction magnification (Xp, Xn), it is changed at intervals of 0.05 from 0.5 to 1.0.
- Step ST12 The OCV curve configuration information parameters are set within the set range.
- Step ST13 Generate positive and negative OCV curves corresponding to the set parameters.
- Step ST14 An OCV curve of the battery is generated from the difference between the positive and negative OCV curves.
- Step ST15 Calculate the root mean square (referred to as RMS) of the OCV value locus and the OCV curve.
- Step ST16 The calculated RMS calculated value is compared with the minimum value (RMS minimum value) among the previously calculated RMS calculated values. If the RMS calculation value is equal to or greater than the RMS minimum value, the process returns to step ST12 (setting of parameters (Xp, Yp, Xn, Yn) of OCV curve configuration information).
- Step ST17 If the determination result in step ST16 is affirmative, that is, if (RMS calculation value ⁇ RMS minimum value), the RMS minimum value and OCV curve configuration information (Xp, Yp, Xn, Yn) are updated and recorded.
- Step ST18 It is determined whether or not the entire parameter range is covered. If it is determined that they are not covered, the process returns to step ST12, and the processes of steps ST12 to ST17 described above are performed. The OCV curve that is the optimum condition is calculated by the above processing.
- the shape of the OCV curve is manipulated to generate the OCV curve of the positive electrode.
- the negative electrode OCV curve can be expressed by the following equation.
- FIG. 14 shows an example of calculating the OCV plot by linear interpolation.
- the battery OCV curve is generated from the difference between the positive and negative OCV curves.
- the OCV values of the positive electrode and the negative electrode at a certain discharge capacity Q (k) are OCV p (k) and OCV n (k), respectively.
- OCV (k) which is the OCV value of the battery at the discharge capacity Q (k), can be expressed as:
- RMS root mean square
- a point on the OCV value locus is defined as OCV e (k).
- N is the number of plots constituting the OCV curve.
- the parameter (magnification, shift) that minimizes the RMS value is recorded.
- An optimum OCV curve can be calculated by obtaining a parameter that minimizes the RMS value.
- Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO 4
- LiFePO 4 Lithium iron phosphate
- the positive electrode can be omitted and only the negative electrode can be changed. As a result, the calculation load can be greatly reduced. it can.
- Step ST31 For one OCV curve generated by the OCV curve calculator 141, the OCV curve configuration information obtained in the calculation process is passed to the OCV curve generator 142.
- Step ST32 Using this OCV curve configuration information, an OCV curve for the other positive electrode and negative electrode is generated.
- Step ST33 Generate an OCV curve of the other battery from the difference between the OCV curves of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. For example, if the OCV curve calculator 141 calculates the OCV curve on the discharge side, the OCV curve generator 142 calculates the OCV curve on the charge side. It has been confirmed that the other OCV curve can be accurately generated from the one OCV curve configuration information.
- the OCV curve estimator of the present disclosure it is possible to simply and accurately estimate the other OCV curve from one OCV curve. Both curves can be estimated simultaneously with only one curve estimation.
- an OCV estimation method using an adaptive filter or the like is well known.
- this method has poor estimation accuracy when the load fluctuation is small, or cannot be estimated itself, and greatly depends on the load fluctuation. For this reason, only the OCV curve on the charging side or discharging side may be estimated. That is, the conventional method has a problem that only one OCV curve can be estimated, or the frequency of updating the other OCV curve is extremely low. Such a problem can be solved by using the technique of the present disclosure.
- the processing load for calculating the other OCV curve from one OCV curve is negligible, and the processing load and power consumption can be reduced.
- the OCV value locus needs to be recorded in a memory or the like on both the discharge side and the charge side. By dividing so that only one OCV value locus is recorded, it is not necessary to record the other OCV value locus, and the amount of memory used can be reduced.
- the battery state estimation device of the present disclosure it is possible to accurately and accurately estimate the other OCV curve from one OCV curve, and accurately determine the state of charge (SOC) and deterioration state of the secondary battery. It is possible to estimate well.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for estimating the other OCV curve (for example, the charging-side OCV curve) from one known OCV curve (for example, the discharging-side OCV curve) with reference to the correlation table.
- FIG. 17 shows a correlation table between the discharge-side OCV and the charge-side OCV. As shown in FIG. 18, the charging side OCV is generated from the discharging side OCV with reference to the correlation table.
- the calculation method of one OCV curve is not limited. For example, only the OCV curve on the discharge side is known.
- the charge-side OCV corresponding to the discharge-side OCV is calculated by referring to the correlation table.
- the other OCV curve can be generated by referring to the correlation table indicating the relationship between the OCV curves.
- the second embodiment also has the same effect as the first embodiment.
- the open circuit voltage estimation device 101 As illustrated in FIG. 19, the open circuit voltage estimation device 101 according to the present disclosure is applied to a power storage device. Battery information (voltage, current, temperature, etc.) from the secondary battery 102 is supplied to the open circuit voltage estimation device 101. Although not shown, a load (for example, a motor) is connected to the secondary battery 102, and a charging circuit is connected.
- a load for example, a motor
- the open circuit voltage estimation device 101 estimates the OCV curve and supplies the estimated OCV curve to the charging state calculator 103.
- the state of charge calculator 103 calculates the state of charge (SOC).
- SOC state of charge
- the calculated state of charge information is displayed on the display unit 104, for example, and presented to the user.
- FIG. 20 shows another application example.
- the open circuit voltage estimation device 101 and the secondary battery 102 are installed at a remote location. Battery information from the secondary battery 102 is transmitted to the reception unit 203 via the transmission / reception unit 201 and the communication medium 202.
- the communication medium 202 is a wired communication medium, a wireless communication medium, the Internet, or the like.
- the battery information received by the receiving unit 203 is supplied to the open circuit voltage estimation device 101, and the OCV curve is estimated as described above.
- the estimated OCV curve is supplied to the charging state calculator 103, and the charging state is calculated.
- Information on the state of charge is transmitted to the transmission / reception unit 201 through the transmission unit 204 and the communication medium 202.
- Information on the state of charge received by the transmission / reception unit 201 is displayed on the display unit 104 and presented to the user.
- FIG. 20 only one secondary battery 102 is shown, but a number of terminal devices including the secondary battery are connected to one open-circuit voltage estimation device 101 and the charge state calculator 103 via the communication medium 202. It is connected. Therefore, the terminal device has an advantage that it is not necessary to perform processing with a relatively heavy load.
- the two OCV curves on the discharge side and the charge side have been described, but the number is not limited to two. In some cases, two or more OCV curves may be used depending on use conditions such as current and temperature, and the technique of the present disclosure can be applied even in such a case.
- this indication can also take the following structures.
- a Q calculator for calculating the discharge capacity by inputting the battery, current, and battery temperature of the secondary battery, an OCV calculator for calculating an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and an OCV curve estimator for estimating at least one OCV curve A degradation state estimation device comprising: (2) The deterioration state estimation apparatus according to (1), wherein the OCV curve estimator has a function of estimating a battery capacity.
- (3) (1) A charge state estimation apparatus provided with the SOC estimator which estimates SOC (charge state) from the OCV curve and OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the deterioration state estimation apparatus of description.
- An OCV curve calculator for calculating a single OCV curve by inputting a Q (discharge capacity) value and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery, and configuration information governing the shape of the OCV curve estimated by the OCV curve calculator
- An OCV curve calculation / generation device comprising an OCV curve generator for generating at least one OCV curve from (5)
- An OCV manager that inputs the Q (discharge capacity) value and OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery and records the discharge capacity and OCV value, and OCV curve control that determines whether or not to start the estimation of the OCV curve
- An OCV curve estimation device comprising: a device; an OCV curve calculation generation device according to (4); and an OCV curve management device for recording and managing the generated OCV curve.
- the OCV curve calculator calculates the OCV curve of the battery by fitting a difference for each of the previously obtained unipolar OCV curves while changing the expansion / contraction magnification and the shift amount, and calculating the OCV curve according to (4) Generator.
- the OCV curve calculation generation device according to (4), wherein the OCV curve generator generates two or more OCV curves using a correlation table of OCV curves acquired in advance.
- a power storage device including a secondary battery and a charge state estimation device,
- the charge state estimation device inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of the secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, an OCV calculator that calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and at least one OCV.
- a power storage device comprising: an OCV curve estimator that estimates a curve; and an SOC estimator that estimates SOC (state of charge) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the OCV curve estimator.
- the secondary battery and the charging state estimation device are arranged apart from each other, The power storage device according to (9), which is coupled to each other via a communication medium.
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、上述した劣化状態推定装置で推定されたOCVカーブとOCV(開路電圧)値から、SOC(充電状態)を推定するSOC推定器を備える、充電状態推定装置である。
本開示は、二次電池のQ(放電容量)値、OCV(開路電圧)値を入力し、単一のOCVカーブを算出するOCVカーブ算出器と、OCVカーブ算出器で推定したOCVカーブの形状を司る構成情報から少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを生成するOCVカーブ生成器を備える、OCVカーブ算出生成装置である。
本開示は、二次電池のQ(放電容量)値、OCV(開路電圧)値を入力し、放電容量とOCV値を記録するOCV管理器と、OCVカーブの推定を開始するか否かを判断するOCVカーブ制御器と、請求項4記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置と、生成したOCVカーブを記録し管理するOCVカーブ管理器を備える、OCVカーブ推定装置である。
本開示は、二次電池と、充電状態推定装置とを備える蓄電装置であって、
充電状態推定装置は、二次電池の電池、電流、電池温度を入力し、放電容量を算出するQ算出器と、OCV(開路電圧)値を算出するOCV算出器と、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを推定するOCVカーブ推定器と、OCVカーブ推定器によって推定されたOCVカーブとOCV(開路電圧)値から、SOC(充電状態)を推定するSOC推定器を備える、蓄電装置である。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present disclosure inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of a secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, and calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value. A degradation state estimation device including an OCV curve estimator that estimates at least one OCV curve.
The present disclosure is a charging state estimation device including an SOC estimator that estimates SOC (charging state) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the above-described deterioration state estimation device.
In the present disclosure, a Q (discharge capacity) value and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value of a secondary battery are input, an OCV curve calculator that calculates a single OCV curve, and a shape of the OCV curve estimated by the OCV curve calculator It is an OCV curve calculation generation apparatus provided with the OCV curve generator which produces | generates at least 1 OCV curve from the structure information which manages.
The present disclosure inputs the Q (discharge capacity) value and OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery, and determines whether or not to start the estimation of the OCV curve, and the OCV manager that records the discharge capacity and the OCV value. An OCV curve estimator comprising: an OCV curve controller configured to perform the OCV curve calculation and generation apparatus according to claim 4; and an OCV curve manager configured to record and manage the generated OCV curve.
The present disclosure is a power storage device including a secondary battery and a charge state estimation device,
The state-of-charge estimating device inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of a secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, an OCV calculator that calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and at least one OCV curve. The power storage device includes an OCV curve estimator to be estimated, and an SOC estimator that estimates an SOC (charge state) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the OCV curve estimator.
本開示の説明は、以下の順序にしたがってなされる。
<1.第1の実施の形態>
<2.第2の実施の形態>
<3.応用例>
<4.変形例> Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described. The embodiment described below is a preferable specific example of the present disclosure, and various technically preferable limitations are given. However, the scope of the present disclosure is not particularly limited in the following description. Unless otherwise specified, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The description of the present disclosure will be made in the following order.
<1. First Embodiment>
<2. Second Embodiment>
<3. Application example>
<4. Modification>
本開示は、一方のOCVカーブから他方のOCVカーブを簡潔に精度良く推定することを特徴とする。図1Aおよび図1Bに本開示概要の説明図を示す。横軸を放電容量(Q)、縦軸を電圧とした。 <1. First Embodiment>
The present disclosure is characterized in that the other OCV curve is simply and accurately estimated from one OCV curve. 1A and 1B are explanatory diagrams of the outline of the present disclosure. The horizontal axis is the discharge capacity (Q), and the vertical axis is the voltage.
ステップST2:OCV推定値の個数が十分な量に達したか否かが判定される。OCVカーブ制御器132では、メモリに記録した放電側あるいは充電側のOCV値軌跡がOCVカーブを推定するのに十分な量に達したか否かで、OCVカーブの推定を開始するか否かを判断する。
ステップST3:OCV推定値の個数が十分な量に達したと判定されると、OCVカーブ算出生成器133でOCVカーブの形状を推定する。すなわち、OCV値軌跡からOCVカーブの形状を推定する。OCV推定値の個数が十分な量に達していないと判定されると、処理がステップST1に戻る。 Step ST1: The capacity Q and the OCV estimated value are recorded for the purpose of storing the OCV value trajectory by the OCV estimated value by the
Step ST2: It is determined whether or not the number of OCV estimated values has reached a sufficient amount. The
Step ST3: When it is determined that the number of OCV estimated values has reached a sufficient amount, the OCV
ステップST5:OCVカーブから電池容量を算出する。
ステップST6:OCVカーブ管理器134は、OCVカーブおよび電池容量をメモリ等に記録する。そして、OCVカーブ推定処理が終了する。 Step ST4: The other OCV curve (for example, the charging side OCV curve) is generated from the configuration information of one OCV curve (for example, the discharging side OCV curve).
Step ST5: The battery capacity is calculated from the OCV curve.
Step ST6: The
ステップST12:設定された範囲内で、OCVカーブの構成情報のパラメータが設定される。
ステップST13:設定されたパラメータに対応する正極および負極のOCVカーブを生成する。
ステップST14:正極および負極のOCVカーブの差分から電池のOCVカーブを生成する。 Step ST11: First, the expansion / contraction magnification (Xp, Xn) and the shift amount (Yp, Yn) with respect to the unipolar OCV curve are used as parameters, and a range of values for changing the parameters is set. For example, in the case of the expansion / contraction magnification (Xp, Xn), it is changed at intervals of 0.05 from 0.5 to 1.0.
Step ST12: The OCV curve configuration information parameters are set within the set range.
Step ST13: Generate positive and negative OCV curves corresponding to the set parameters.
Step ST14: An OCV curve of the battery is generated from the difference between the positive and negative OCV curves.
ステップST16:算出されたRMS計算値を以前に算出されたRMS計算値の中の最小値(RMS最小値)と比較する。RMS計算値がRMS最小値以上の場合には、処理がステップST12(OCVカーブ構成情報のパラメータ(Xp,Yp,Xn、Yn)の設定)に戻る。
ステップST17:ステップST16の判定結果が肯定の場合、すなわち、(RMS計算値<RMS最小値)の場合、RMS最小値とOCVカーブ構成情報(Xp,Yp,Xn、Yn)更新して記録する。
ステップST18:パラメータ範囲を全て網羅したかどうかが判定される。網羅していないと判定されると、処理がステップST12に戻り、上述したステップST12~ステップST17の処理がなされる。
以上の処理によって、最適条件となるOCVカーブが算出される。 Step ST15: Calculate the root mean square (referred to as RMS) of the OCV value locus and the OCV curve.
Step ST16: The calculated RMS calculated value is compared with the minimum value (RMS minimum value) among the previously calculated RMS calculated values. If the RMS calculation value is equal to or greater than the RMS minimum value, the process returns to step ST12 (setting of parameters (Xp, Yp, Xn, Yn) of OCV curve configuration information).
Step ST17: If the determination result in step ST16 is affirmative, that is, if (RMS calculation value <RMS minimum value), the RMS minimum value and OCV curve configuration information (Xp, Yp, Xn, Yn) are updated and recorded.
Step ST18: It is determined whether or not the entire parameter range is covered. If it is determined that they are not covered, the process returns to step ST12, and the processes of steps ST12 to ST17 described above are performed.
The OCV curve that is the optimum condition is calculated by the above processing.
ステップST31:OCVカーブ算出器141で生成した一方のOCVカーブについて、その算出過程で得られたOCVカーブ構成情報をOCVカーブ生成器142に渡す。
ステップST32:このOCVカーブ構成情報を使用し、他方の正極および負極のOCVカーブを生成する。
ステップST33:正極と負極のOCVカーブの差分から他方の電池のOCVカーブを生成する。例えば、OCVカーブ算出器141で放電側のOCVカーブを算出していれば、OCVカーブ生成器142では充電側のOCVカーブを算出する。なお、一方のOCVカーブ構成情報から他方のOCVカーブを精度良く生成できることは確認済みである。 The OCV curve generation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
Step ST31: For one OCV curve generated by the
Step ST32: Using this OCV curve configuration information, an OCV curve for the other positive electrode and negative electrode is generated.
Step ST33: Generate an OCV curve of the other battery from the difference between the OCV curves of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. For example, if the
このように、本開示の電池状態推定装置によれば、一方のOCVカーブから他方のOCVカーブを簡潔に精度良く推定することが可能となり、二次電池の充電状態(SOC)や劣化状態を精度良く推定することが可能となる。 Furthermore, the OCV value locus needs to be recorded in a memory or the like on both the discharge side and the charge side. By dividing so that only one OCV value locus is recorded, it is not necessary to record the other OCV value locus, and the amount of memory used can be reduced.
Thus, according to the battery state estimation device of the present disclosure, it is possible to accurately and accurately estimate the other OCV curve from one OCV curve, and accurately determine the state of charge (SOC) and deterioration state of the secondary battery. It is possible to estimate well.
OCVカーブ生成器について、第2の実施の形態について説明する。図16は、一方の既知のOCVカーブ(例えば放電側のOCVカーブ)から、相関テーブルを参照して他方のOCVカーブ(例えば充電側のOCVカーブ)を推定する説明図である。図17に放電側OCVと充電側OCVの相関テーブルを示す。図18に一例を示すように、相関テーブルを参照して放電側OCVから充電側OCVが生成される。 <2. Second Embodiment>
A second embodiment of the OCV curve generator will be described. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for estimating the other OCV curve (for example, the charging-side OCV curve) from one known OCV curve (for example, the discharging-side OCV curve) with reference to the correlation table. FIG. 17 shows a correlation table between the discharge-side OCV and the charge-side OCV. As shown in FIG. 18, the charging side OCV is generated from the discharging side OCV with reference to the correlation table.
図19に示すように、本開示による開路電圧推定装置101は、蓄電装置に対して適用される。二次電池102からの電池情報(電圧、電流、温度等)が開路電圧推定装置101に供給される。図示を省略しているが、二次電池102に対して負荷(例えばモータ)が接続され、充電回路が接続されている。 <3. Application example>
As illustrated in FIG. 19, the open circuit
以上、本開示の一実施の形態について具体的に説明したが、本開示は、上述の一実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本開示の技術的思想に基づく各種の変形が可能である。例えば、上述の実施形態において挙げた構成、方法、工程、形状、材料および数値などはあくまでも例に過ぎず、必要に応じてこれと異なる構成、方法、工程、形状、材料および数値などを用いてもよい。 <4. Modification>
Although one embodiment of the present disclosure has been specifically described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present disclosure are possible. . For example, the configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like given in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like are used as necessary. Also good.
(1)
二次電池の電池、電流、電池温度を入力し、放電容量を算出するQ算出器と、OCV(開路電圧)値を算出するOCV算出器と、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを推定するOCVカーブ推定器を備える劣化状態推定装置。
(2)
前記OCVカーブ推定器は電池容量を推定する機能を備える、(1)記載の劣化状態推定装置。
(3)
(1)記載の劣化状態推定装置で推定されたOCVカーブとOCV(開路電圧)値から、SOC(充電状態)を推定するSOC推定器を備える、充電状態推定装置。
(4)
二次電池のQ(放電容量)値、OCV(開路電圧)値を入力し、単一のOCVカーブを算出するOCVカーブ算出器と、OCVカーブ算出器で推定したOCVカーブの形状を司る構成情報から少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを生成するOCVカーブ生成器を備える、OCVカーブ算出生成装置。
(5)
二次電池のQ(放電容量)値、OCV(開路電圧)値を入力し、放電容量とOCV値を記録するOCV管理器と、OCVカーブの推定を開始するか否かを判断するOCVカーブ制御器と、(4)のOCVカーブ算出生成装置と、生成したOCVカーブを記録し管理するOCVカーブ管理器を備える、OCVカーブ推定装置。
(6)
前記OCVカーブ算出器は、予め取得した単極のOCVカーブについて、それぞれ伸縮倍率・シフトの量を変えながら差分を取りフィッティングすることで電池のOCVカーブを算出する、(4)記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置。
(7)
前記OCVカーブ生成器は、(6)記載のOCVカーブ算出器で算出した伸縮倍率・シフトの量を使用し、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを生成する、(4)記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置。
(8)
前記OCVカーブ生成器は、予め取得したOCVカーブの相関テーブルを使用し、2つ以上のOCVカーブを生成する、(4)記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置。
(9)
二次電池と、充電状態推定装置とを備える蓄電装置であって、
前記充電状態推定装置は、前記二次電池の電池、電流、電池温度を入力し、放電容量を算出するQ算出器と、OCV(開路電圧)値を算出するOCV算出器と、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを推定するOCVカーブ推定器と、前記OCVカーブ推定器によって推定されたOCVカーブとOCV(開路電圧)値から、SOC(充電状態)を推定するSOC推定器を備える、蓄電装置。
(10)
前記二次電池と前記充電状態推定装置とが離間して配置され、
通信媒体を介して互いに結合される、(9)記載の蓄電装置。 In addition, this indication can also take the following structures.
(1)
A Q calculator for calculating the discharge capacity by inputting the battery, current, and battery temperature of the secondary battery, an OCV calculator for calculating an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and an OCV curve estimator for estimating at least one OCV curve A degradation state estimation device comprising:
(2)
The deterioration state estimation apparatus according to (1), wherein the OCV curve estimator has a function of estimating a battery capacity.
(3)
(1) A charge state estimation apparatus provided with the SOC estimator which estimates SOC (charge state) from the OCV curve and OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the deterioration state estimation apparatus of description.
(4)
An OCV curve calculator for calculating a single OCV curve by inputting a Q (discharge capacity) value and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery, and configuration information governing the shape of the OCV curve estimated by the OCV curve calculator An OCV curve calculation / generation device comprising an OCV curve generator for generating at least one OCV curve from
(5)
An OCV manager that inputs the Q (discharge capacity) value and OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery and records the discharge capacity and OCV value, and OCV curve control that determines whether or not to start the estimation of the OCV curve An OCV curve estimation device comprising: a device; an OCV curve calculation generation device according to (4); and an OCV curve management device for recording and managing the generated OCV curve.
(6)
The OCV curve calculator calculates the OCV curve of the battery by fitting a difference for each of the previously obtained unipolar OCV curves while changing the expansion / contraction magnification and the shift amount, and calculating the OCV curve according to (4) Generator.
(7)
The OCV curve generator according to (4), wherein the OCV curve generator generates at least one OCV curve using the expansion / contraction magnification / shift amount calculated by the OCV curve calculator described in (6).
(8)
The OCV curve calculation generation device according to (4), wherein the OCV curve generator generates two or more OCV curves using a correlation table of OCV curves acquired in advance.
(9)
A power storage device including a secondary battery and a charge state estimation device,
The charge state estimation device inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of the secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, an OCV calculator that calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and at least one OCV. A power storage device comprising: an OCV curve estimator that estimates a curve; and an SOC estimator that estimates SOC (state of charge) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the OCV curve estimator.
(10)
The secondary battery and the charging state estimation device are arranged apart from each other,
The power storage device according to (9), which is coupled to each other via a communication medium.
1C・・・充電側OCVカーブ
11・・・Q算出器
12・・・OCV推定器
13・・・OCVカーブ推定器
101・・・開路電圧推定装置
102・・・二次電池
103・・・充電状態算出器
104・・・表示部
202・・・通信媒体 DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (10)
- 二次電池の電池、電流、電池温度を入力し、放電容量を算出するQ算出器と、OCV(開路電圧)値を算出するOCV算出器と、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを推定するOCVカーブ推定器を備える劣化状態推定装置。 A Q calculator for calculating the discharge capacity by inputting the battery, current, and battery temperature of the secondary battery, an OCV calculator for calculating an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and an OCV curve estimator for estimating at least one OCV curve A degradation state estimation device comprising:
- 前記OCVカーブ推定器は電池容量を推定する機能を備える、請求項1記載の劣化状態推定装置。 The deterioration state estimation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the OCV curve estimator has a function of estimating a battery capacity.
- 請求項1記載の劣化状態推定装置で推定されたOCVカーブとOCV(開路電圧)値から、SOC(充電状態)を推定するSOC推定器を備える、充電状態推定装置。 A charge state estimation device comprising an SOC estimator that estimates SOC (charge state) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the deterioration state estimation device according to claim 1.
- 二次電池のQ(放電容量)値、OCV(開路電圧)値を入力し、単一のOCVカーブを算出するOCVカーブ算出器と、OCVカーブ算出器で推定したOCVカーブの形状を司る構成情報から少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを生成するOCVカーブ生成器を備える、OCVカーブ算出生成装置。 An OCV curve calculator for calculating a single OCV curve by inputting a Q (discharge capacity) value and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery, and configuration information governing the shape of the OCV curve estimated by the OCV curve calculator An OCV curve calculation / generation device comprising an OCV curve generator for generating at least one OCV curve from
- 二次電池のQ(放電容量)値、OCV(開路電圧)値を入力し、放電容量とOCV値を記録するOCV管理器と、OCVカーブの推定を開始するか否かを判断するOCVカーブ制御器と、請求項4記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置と、生成したOCVカーブを記録し管理するOCVカーブ管理器を備える、OCVカーブ推定装置。 An OCV manager that inputs the Q (discharge capacity) value and OCV (open circuit voltage) value of the secondary battery and records the discharge capacity and OCV value, and OCV curve control that determines whether or not to start the estimation of the OCV curve An OCV curve estimation device comprising: a device; an OCV curve calculation / generation device according to claim 4; and an OCV curve manager for recording and managing the generated OCV curve.
- 前記OCVカーブ算出器は、予め取得した単極のOCVカーブについて、それぞれ伸縮倍率・シフトの量を変えながら差分を取りフィッティングすることで電池のOCVカーブを算出する、請求項4記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置。 5. The OCV curve calculation according to claim 4, wherein the OCV curve calculator calculates an OCV curve of the battery by fitting a difference for each of the previously obtained unipolar OCV curves while changing the expansion ratio and the shift amount. Generator.
- 前記OCVカーブ生成器は、請求項6記載のOCVカーブ算出器で算出した伸縮倍率・シフトの量を使用し、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを生成する、請求項4記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置。 The OCV curve calculation generation device according to claim 4, wherein the OCV curve generator generates at least one OCV curve using the expansion / contraction magnification / shift amount calculated by the OCV curve calculation device according to claim 6.
- 前記OCVカーブ生成器は、予め取得したOCVカーブの相関テーブルを使用し、2つ以上のOCVカーブを生成する、請求項4記載のOCVカーブ算出生成装置。 The OCV curve calculation generation device according to claim 4, wherein the OCV curve generator generates two or more OCV curves using a correlation table of OCV curves acquired in advance.
- 二次電池と、充電状態推定装置とを備える蓄電装置であって、
前記充電状態推定装置は、前記二次電池の電池、電流、電池温度を入力し、放電容量を算出するQ算出器と、OCV(開路電圧)値を算出するOCV算出器と、少なくとも1つのOCVカーブを推定するOCVカーブ推定器と、前記OCVカーブ推定器によって推定されたOCVカーブとOCV(開路電圧)値から、SOC(充電状態)を推定するSOC推定器を備える、蓄電装置。 A power storage device including a secondary battery and a charge state estimation device,
The charge state estimation device inputs a battery, current, and battery temperature of the secondary battery, calculates a discharge capacity, an OCV calculator that calculates an OCV (open circuit voltage) value, and at least one OCV. A power storage device comprising: an OCV curve estimator that estimates a curve; and an SOC estimator that estimates SOC (state of charge) from an OCV curve and an OCV (open circuit voltage) value estimated by the OCV curve estimator. - 前記二次電池と前記充電状態推定装置とが離間して配置され、
通信媒体を介して互いに結合される、請求項9記載の蓄電装置。 The secondary battery and the charging state estimation device are arranged apart from each other,
The power storage device according to claim 9, which are coupled to each other via a communication medium.
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US10416236B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
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