WO2015180335A1 - 内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置 - Google Patents

内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015180335A1
WO2015180335A1 PCT/CN2014/087598 CN2014087598W WO2015180335A1 WO 2015180335 A1 WO2015180335 A1 WO 2015180335A1 CN 2014087598 W CN2014087598 W CN 2014087598W WO 2015180335 A1 WO2015180335 A1 WO 2015180335A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
self
capacitance
touch panel
touch
electrodes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/087598
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘英明
董学
薛海林
王海生
刘红娟
杨盛际
赵卫杰
丁小梁
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/647,976 priority Critical patent/US10198130B2/en
Priority to EP14863057.7A priority patent/EP3151098A4/en
Publication of WO2015180335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015180335A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/04164—Connections between sensors and controllers, e.g. routing lines between electrodes and connection pads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present invention is directed to an in-cell touch screen and display device.
  • the Touch Screen Panel With the rapid development of display technology, the Touch Screen Panel has gradually spread throughout people's lives.
  • the touch screen can be divided into an add-on touch panel, an on-cell touch panel, and an in-cell touch panel according to the composition structure.
  • the external touch screen is a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display formed by separately separating the touch screen from the liquid crystal display (LCD), and the external touch screen has high production cost and low light transmittance. Shortcomings such as thicker modules.
  • the in-cell touch screen embeds the touch electrode of the touch screen inside the liquid crystal display, which can reduce the thickness of the whole module, and can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the touch screen, and is favored by the major panel manufacturers.
  • a capacitive in-cell touch panel is directly added to a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) array substrate by directly adding a touch driving electrode and a touch sensing electrode, that is, two layers are formed on the surface of the TFT array substrate.
  • the strip-shaped ITO electrodes intersecting each other, the two layers of ITO (Indium Tin Oxides) electrodes are respectively used as touch driving electrodes and touch sensing electrodes of the touch screen.
  • the coupling between the laterally disposed touch driving electrode Tx and the longitudinally disposed touch sensing electrode Rx generates a mutual capacitance C m (Mutual Capacitance).
  • the touch detection device detects the position of the touched point of the finger by detecting the amount of change in the current corresponding to the capacitance C m before and after the finger touches.
  • Two mutual capacitances C m are formed between the laterally disposed touch driving electrodes Tx and the longitudinally disposed touch sensing electrodes Rx, as shown in FIG. 1 , one is a projection capacitor effective for implementing the touch function (the band in FIG. 1 )
  • the curve of the arrow is the projected capacitance).
  • the other is the correct capacitance for the touch function (the line with the arrow is the positive capacitance).
  • the positive capacitance value does not change.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an in-cell touch panel and a display device for implementing an in-cell touch panel with high touch precision, low cost, high production efficiency, and high transmittance.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an in-cell touch panel including an upper substrate and a lower substrate disposed opposite to each other, a common electrode layer disposed on a side of the lower substrate facing the upper substrate, and a touch detection Measuring the chip; the common electrode layer is divided into a plurality of independent self-capacitance electrodes, and a plurality of wires connecting the self-capacitance electrodes to the touch detection chip; the touch detection chip is used for A common electrode signal is applied to each of the capacitor electrodes during the display period, and a change in the capacitance value of each of the self-capacitance electrodes is detected during the touch period to determine the touch position.
  • a display device includes the above-described in-cell touch panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of capacitance generated between a touch driving electrode and a touch sensing electrode
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-cell touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top plan view of an in-cell touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b are schematic diagrams showing driving timings of an in-cell touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic top view of an in-cell touch panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 6a and 6b are respectively a third and fourth top view of the in-cell touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7a and 7b are schematic structural views showing the opposite sides of adjacent self-capacitance electrodes in the in-cell touch panel provided as fold lines, respectively.
  • the inventor of the present application has noticed that in the structural design of the capacitive in-cell touch panel shown in FIG. 1, the human body capacitance can only be coupled with the projection capacitance in the mutual capacitance, and the touch driving electrode and the touch sensing electrode are positive.
  • the positive capacitance formed at the opposite side can reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the touch screen, thereby affecting the accuracy of the touch sensing in the in-cell touch screen.
  • two new layers of film are required to be added to the TFT array substrate, which results in a need to add a new process in the fabrication of the TFT array substrate, which increases the production cost and is not conducive to improving production efficiency.
  • liquid crystal display technologies capable of achieving wide viewing angles mainly include in-plane switching (IPS, In-Plane Switch) technology and advanced super-dimension switch (ADS) technology.
  • the ADS technology forms a multi-dimensional electric field by the electric field generated by the edge of the slit electrode in the same plane and the electric field generated between the slit electrode layer and the plate electrode layer, so that all the aligned liquid crystal molecules between the slit electrodes in the liquid crystal cell and directly above the electrode can be Rotation is generated, thereby improving the working efficiency of the liquid crystal and increasing the light transmission efficiency.
  • Advanced super-dimensional field conversion technology can improve the picture quality of TFT-LCD products, with high resolution, high transmittance, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, high aperture ratio, low chromatic aberration, push mura, etc. advantage.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention is based on an ADS technique and an improved version of the ADS technique, H-ADS (High Open Rate - Advanced Super Dimensional Field Switch), which proposes a capacitive in-cell touch screen.
  • ADS ADS technique
  • H-ADS High Open Rate - Advanced Super Dimensional Field Switch
  • each film layer in the drawings do not reflect the true scale, and are merely intended to illustrate the present invention.
  • An in-cell touch panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, includes an upper substrate 01 and a lower substrate 02 opposite to each other, and a common electrode disposed on a side of the lower substrate 02 facing the upper substrate 01
  • the layer 03 and the touch detection chip 04 as shown in FIG. 3, the common electrode layer 03 is divided into a plurality of independent self-capacitance electrodes 05, and the self-capacitance electrode 05 is connected to the touch detection chip 04.
  • the strip detection unit 04 is configured to load the common electrode signals on the respective capacitor electrodes 05 during the display period, and determine the touch position by detecting the change in the capacitance value of the respective capacitor electrodes 05 during the touch period.
  • the above-mentioned in-cell touch panel utilizes the principle of self-capacitance on the touch screen
  • the lower substrate 02 is provided with a plurality of self-capacitance electrodes 05 disposed in the same layer and independent of each other.
  • the capacitance of the respective capacitor electrodes 05 is a fixed value
  • the touch detection chip 04 can determine the touch position by detecting the change of the capacitance value of each capacitor electrode during the touch time period.
  • the capacitance of the human body can only act on the projection capacitance in the mutual capacitance.
  • the touch change caused by the human body touching the screen will be relatively large, so the signal noise of the touch can be effectively improved. Than, thus improving the accuracy of touch sensing.
  • the touch detection chip 04 can apply a driving signal to the respective capacitor electrodes 05 during the touch period and receive the feedback signals of the respective capacitor electrodes 05. Since the capacitance value change caused by the self-capacitance electrode 05 is touched, the RC delay of the feedback signal can be increased. By determining the delay of the feedback signal RC of the respective capacitor electrode 05, it can be determined whether the self-capacitance electrode 05 is touched, thereby locating the touch position.
  • the touch detection chip 04 can also confirm the change of the capacitance value of the respective capacitor electrodes 05 by other means such as detecting the amount of charge change, and the like, and the touch position is not described herein.
  • the touch screen multiplexing common electrode layer 03 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used as the self-capacitance electrode 05, and the common electrode layer 03 pattern of the lower substrate 02 is changed to form a plurality of independent self-capacitance electrodes 05 and the self-capacitance electrode 05 is connected.
  • the touch screen of the touch detection chip 04 does not need to add an additional film to the touch screen provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • only the original common electrode layer 03 needs to be patterned to form a pattern of the corresponding self-capacitance electrode 05 and the wire 06, which saves production cost and improves production efficiency.
  • the common electrode is located as a plate electrode in a lower layer closer to the substrate, and the pixel electrode is located as a slit electrode in an upper layer closer to the liquid crystal layer, between the pixel electrode and the common electrode It is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the pixel electrode is located as a plate electrode in a lower layer closer to the substrate, and the common electrode is located as a slit electrode in an upper layer closer to the liquid crystal layer, and is disposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. There is insulation.
  • the respective capacitor electrodes 05 forming the common electrode layer may have a slit-like ITO electrode structure or a plate-shaped ITO electrode at a position corresponding to the opening region of the pixel unit. structure.
  • each of the capacitor electrodes 05 includes a slit-shaped ITO electrode, for example, the slit-shaped ITO electrode structure is in the image
  • the open area of the element has a slit ITO electrode.
  • the respective capacitor electrodes 05 may include a plate-shaped ITO electrode to meet the requirements of the liquid crystal display.
  • the self-capacitance electrode 05 may interact with the human body electric field through the slit region of the pixel electrode.
  • the specific structure of the liquid crystal panel of the ADS mode and the HADS mode can adopt a technique known to those skilled in the art, and details are not described herein again.
  • the common electrode layer including the respective capacitor electrodes 05 may be disposed above the pixel electrode in the lower substrate 02, that is, using HADS.
  • the mode is such that the self-capacitance electrode 05 is as close as possible to the upper substrate 01.
  • each film layer on the lower substrate 02 can be fabricated by any patterning process.
  • an 8-time patterning process can be used: gate and gate line patterning ⁇ active layer patterning ⁇ first insulating layer patterning ⁇ data line And source and drain pattern ⁇ resin layer patterning ⁇ pixel electrode patterning ⁇ second insulating layer patterning ⁇ common electrode layer patterning; of course, according to the actual design, 7-time patterning process, 6-time patterning process or 5-time patterning process can be used. Not limited.
  • the touch screen multiplexed common electrode layer 03 is provided as the self-capacitance electrode 05 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, in one embodiment, the touch and display phase is used for time-division driving. Moreover, in one embodiment, the display driving chip and the touch detection chip can also be integrated into one chip to further reduce the production cost.
  • the time at which the touch screen displays each frame is divided into a display period and a touch period.
  • the time of displaying one frame of the touch screen is 16.7 ms, and 5 ms is selected as the touch time period, and the other 11.7 ms is used as the display time period.
  • the duration of the two chips can be appropriately adjusted according to the processing capability of the IC chip, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • a gate scan signal is sequentially applied to each of the gate signal lines Gate1, Gate2, ..., Gate n in the touch screen, and a gray scale signal is applied to the data signal line Data, and the touch is connected to the respective capacitor electrodes Cx1 ... Cx n
  • the control detecting chip applies a common electrode signal to the respective capacitor electrodes Cx1 . . . Cx n to realize a liquid crystal display function.
  • the touch detection chips connected to the respective capacitance electrodes Cx1 . . . Cx n simultaneously apply driving signals to the respective capacitance electrodes Cx1 . . . Cx n while receiving the respective capacitance electrodes Cx1...
  • the touch detection chip connected to the respective capacitance electrodes Cx1 ... Cx n sequentially applies driving signals to the respective capacitance electrodes Cx1 ... Cx n to respectively receive the respective capacitance electrodes Cx1 ... Cx n feedback signal; not limited here. Pass the opposite The analysis of the feed signal determines whether touch is generated to implement the touch function.
  • the density of the touch screen is usually on the order of millimeters. Therefore, in a specific implementation, the density and the occupied area of the respective capacitor electrodes 05 can be selected according to the required touch density to ensure the required touch density.
  • the respective capacitor electrodes 05 are designed as square electrodes of about 5 mm * 5 mm.
  • the density of the display screen is usually on the order of micrometers. Therefore, generally one self-capacitance electrode 05 can correspond to a plurality of pixel units in the display screen.
  • the in-cell touch panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention divides the common electrode layer 03 disposed on the lower substrate 02 into a plurality of self-capacitance electrodes 05 and corresponding wires 06, so as not to affect the normal display function,
  • the dividing line generally avoids the opening area for display and is disposed in the graphic area corresponding to the black matrix layer.
  • the touch screen provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include: a side disposed on the upper substrate 01 facing the lower substrate 02, or a side disposed on the lower substrate 02 facing the upper substrate 01.
  • the black matrix layer 07; the orthogonal projection between the adjacent two self-capacitance electrodes 05 on the lower substrate 02 is located in the region of the pattern of the black matrix layer 07; the pattern of each of the wires 06 is projected in the orthographic projection of the lower substrate 02 Located in the area where the graphic of the black matrix layer 07 is located.
  • each self-capacitance electrode 05 is generally connected to the touch detection chip 04 through a separate lead line.
  • each lead line may include: The self-capacitance electrode 05 is connected to the wire 06 at the frame of the touch screen, and the peripheral trace 09 disposed at the frame for connecting the self-capacitance electrode 05 to the terminal 08 of the touch detection chip, that is, the peripheral trace 09 and The terminal 08 of the touch detection chip 04 is electrically connected.
  • peripheral trace 09 and the terminal 08 of the touch detection chip 04 may be disposed at a frame of the side of the lower substrate 02 facing the upper substrate 01; therefore, the self-capacitance electrode 05 may be connected to the first through the wire 06 to After the frame of the in-cell touch panel is located, it is electrically connected to the corresponding peripheral trace 09.
  • each self-capacitance electrode 05 since the number of self-capacitance electrodes 05 is very large, the corresponding lead-out lines are also very large; for example, the area occupied by each self-capacitance electrode 05 is 5 mm*5 mm, and a 5-inch liquid crystal display requires 264. Self-capacitor electrodes 05; if each self-capacitance electrode 05 is designed to be smaller, there will be more self-capacitance electrodes 05, then more lead wires need to be provided.
  • the pattern of the black matrix layer 07 can cover all the wires 06, which causes the black matrix layer covering the wire 06
  • the pattern of 07 is too large, which affects the aperture ratio of the pixel unit.
  • the number of peripheral wires 09 connected to the wires 06 in one-to-one correspondence at the frame is also increased. This can cause the border of the touch screen to expand, which is not conducive to the narrow bezel design.
  • each of the wires 06 is electrically connected to two self-capacitance electrodes 05 which are spaced apart from each other, and each wire 06 The respective capacitive electrodes 05 that are electrically connected do not coincide with each other.
  • a corresponding peripheral trace 09 is connected to the touch detection chip 04 for touch position detection.
  • the touch detection The chip 04 can determine the touch position by judging the change of the capacitance value of the adjacent self-capacitance electrode 05 connecting the different wires 06 to avoid misjudgment and realize the accuracy of the touch sensing. Taking the connection relationship of the self-capacitance electrode 05 shown in FIG.
  • the self-capacitance electrode 05 since the self-capacitance electrode 05 is not connected by the same wire 06 in the x direction, the position in the x direction can be accurately determined, and the self-capacitance electrode 05 in the y direction can be accurately determined. There is a case where two or two are connected. Therefore, it is necessary to judge the position in the y direction by the signal change on the different wires 06. For example, when the finger touches the position A, the signal changes on the wire d indicate that both the A and B positions may touch. Control, but the signal on the wire a changes, the signal on the wire b does not change, only the touch occurs at the A position.
  • the extension of each wire 06 can be extended when designing the extending direction of each wire 06.
  • the direction is set to the same.
  • the shape of the border of the touch screen is a rectangle.
  • the extending direction of each of the wires 06 may be set to coincide with the short side direction of the frame, that is, as shown in FIG. 6a.
  • the strip wire 06 connects the self-capacitance electrode 05 to the long side of the bezel along the short side direction of the bezel.
  • the frame of the touch screen in order to ensure that the pixel unit has a large aperture ratio, generally has four sides. As shown in FIG. 6b, the respective capacitor electrodes 05 can be correspondingly matched on the basis that the wires 06 do not cross each other. Wire 06 is connected to the nearest side so that it can be reduced as much as possible The number of wires 06 between the respective capacitor electrodes 05 is reduced, and the pattern area of the black matrix layer 07 is reduced as a whole to ensure the aperture ratio of the larger pixel unit.
  • the human body capacitance acts on the self-capacitance of the respective capacitor electrode 05 by direct coupling, when the human body touches the screen, only the self-capacitance electrode 05 under the touch position
  • the capacitance value has a large amount of change, and the capacitance value of the self-capacitance electrode 05 adjacent to the self-capacitance electrode 05 under the touch position is very small, so that, for example, when a human finger slides on the touch screen, it is difficult to determine the self-capacitance electrode.
  • the opposite sides of the adjacent two self-capacitance electrodes 05 may be set as a fold line, so that The amount of change in the capacitance value of the self-capacitance electrode 05 adjacent to the self-capacitance electrode 05 located below the touch position is increased.
  • the overall shape of the respective capacitor electrodes 05 may be set in one or a combination of the following two ways.
  • the sides of the adjacent two self-capacitance electrodes 05 which are opposite to each other, may be arranged in a stepped structure, and the two stepped structures have the same shape and match each other, as shown in FIG. 7a, and FIG. 7a shows 2 * 2 self-capacitance electrodes 05.
  • the sides of the adjacent two self-capacitance electrodes 05 which are opposite to each other, may be arranged in a concave-convex structure, and the two concave-convex structures have the same shape and match each other, as shown in FIG. 7b, and FIG. 7b shows 2 * 2 self-capacitance electrodes 05.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device including the above-described in-cell touch panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device can be any product or component having a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • the in-cell touch panel and the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention use a self-capacitance principle to provide a plurality of self-capacitance electrodes arranged in the same layer and independent of each other on the lower substrate of the touch screen.
  • the respective capacitor electrodes are The capacitive capacity is a fixed value.
  • the capacitance of the corresponding self-capacitance electrode is a fixed value superimposed on the human body capacitance.
  • the touch detection chip detects the change of the capacitance value of the respective capacitor electrode during the touch time period. The touch position can be judged.
  • the touch screen provided by the embodiment of the present invention changes the common electrode layer pattern of the ADS mode to form a plurality of layers, in which a new layer of the film layer is added to the array substrate.
  • the self-contained self-capacitance electrodes and the wires connecting the self-capacitance electrodes to the touch detection chip eliminate the need for additional film layers, saving production costs and improving production efficiency.

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Abstract

一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置，该内嵌式触摸屏包括相对而置的上基板(01)和下基板(02)，设置于所述下基板(02)面向所述上基板(01)的一侧的公共电极层(03)，以及触控侦测芯片(04)；所述公共电极层(03)被分割成多个相互独立的自电容电极(05)，以及将所述自电容电极(05)连接至所述触控侦测芯片(04)的多条导线(06)；所述触控侦测芯片(04)用于在显示时间段对各自电容电极(05)加载公共电极信号，在触控时间段通过检测各所述自电容电极(05)的电容值变化以判断触控位置。该内嵌式触摸屏不需要增加额外的膜层，节省了生产成本，提高了生产效率。

Description

内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置 技术领域
本发明的至少一个实施例涉及一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的飞速发展，触摸屏(Touch Screen Panel)已经逐渐遍及人们的生活中。目前，触摸屏按照组成结构可以分为：外挂式触摸屏(Add on Mode Touch Panel)、覆盖表面式触摸屏(On Cell Touch Panel)以及内嵌式触摸屏(In Cell Touch Panel)。外挂式触摸屏是将触摸屏与液晶显示屏(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)分开生产，然后贴合到一起形成的具有触摸功能的液晶显示屏，外挂式触摸屏存在制作成本较高、光透过率较低、模组较厚等缺点。内嵌式触摸屏将触摸屏的触控电极内嵌在液晶显示屏内部，可以减薄模组整体的厚度，又可以大大降低触摸屏的制作成本，受到各大面板厂家青睐。
目前，电容式内嵌触摸屏是在TFT(Thin Film Transistor，薄膜场效应晶体管)阵列基板上直接另外增加触控驱动电极和触控感应电极实现的，即在TFT阵列基板的表面制作两层相互异面相交的条状ITO电极，这两层ITO(Indium Tin Oxides，铟锡金属氧化物)电极分别作为触摸屏的触控驱动电极和触控感应电极。如图1所示，横向设置的触控驱动电极Tx和纵向设置的触控感应电极Rx之间耦合产生互电容Cm(Mutual Capacitance)。当手指触碰屏幕时，手指的触碰可改变互电容Cm的值，触摸检测装置通过检测手指触碰前后电容Cm对应的电流的改变量，从而检测出手指触摸点的位置。
在横向设置的触控驱动电极Tx和纵向设置的触控感应电极Rx之间形成两种互电容Cm，如图1所示，一种是对实现触摸功能有效的投射电容(图1中带箭头的曲线为投射电容)，手指触碰屏幕时，可改变投射电容值；另一种是对实现触摸功能无效的正对电容(带箭头的直线为正对电容)，手指触碰屏幕时，正对电容值不会发生变化。
发明内容
本发明的至少一个实施例提供了一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置，用以实现触控精度较高、成本较低、生产效率较高且透过率较高的内嵌式触摸屏。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供的一种内嵌式触摸屏，包括相对而置的上基板和下基板，设置于所述下基板面向所述上基板的一侧的公共电极层，以及触控侦测芯片；所述公共电极层被分割成多个相互独立的自电容电极，以及将所述自电容电极连接至所述触控侦测芯片的多条导线；所述触控侦测芯片用于在显示时间段对各自电容电极加载公共电极信号，在触控时间段通过检测各所述自电容电极的电容值变化以判断触控位置。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供的一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例，而非对本发明的限制。
图1为触控驱动电极和触控感应电极之间产生的电容示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的俯视示意图之一；
图4a和图4b分别为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的驱动时序示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的俯视示意图之二；
图6a和图6b分别为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的俯视示意图之三和之四；
图7a和图7b分别为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏中相邻的自电容电极相对的侧边设置为折线的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描 述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请的发明人注意到，在图1所示的电容式内嵌触摸屏的结构设计中，人体电容仅可与互电容中的投射电容发生耦合作用，触控驱动电极与触控感应电极在正对面处形成的正对电容可使触摸屏的信噪比降低，进而影响内嵌式触摸屏中触控感应的准确性。并且，需要在TFT阵列基板上增加两层新的膜层，这导致在制作TFT阵列基板时需要增加新的工艺，使生产成本增加，不利于提高生产效率。
目前，能够实现宽视角的液晶显示技术主要有平面内开关(IPS，In-Plane Switch)技术和高级超维场开关(ADS，Advanced Super Dimension Switch)技术。ADS技术通过同一平面内狭缝电极边缘所产生的电场以及狭缝电极层与板状电极层间产生的电场形成多维电场，使液晶盒内狭缝电极间、电极正上方所有取向液晶分子都能够产生旋转，从而提高了液晶的工作效率并增大了透光效率。高级超维场转换技术可以提高TFT-LCD产品的画面品质，具有高分辨率、高透过率、低功耗、宽视角、高开口率、低色差、无挤压水波纹(push Mura)等优点。
本发明的至少一个实施例基于ADS技术以及ADS技术的一种改进方式H-ADS(高开口率-高级超维场开关)，提出了一种的电容式内嵌触摸屏。
下面结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
附图中各膜层的厚度和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明内容。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供的一种内嵌式触摸屏，如图2所示，包括相对而置的上基板01和下基板02，设置于下基板02面向上基板01的一侧的公共电极层03，以及触控侦测芯片04；如图3所示，公共电极层03被分割成多个相互独立的自电容电极05，以及将自电容电极05连接至触控侦测芯片04的多条导线06；触控侦测芯片04用于在显示时间段对各自电容电极05加载公共电极信号，在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极05的电容值变化以判断触控位置。
本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏，利用自电容的原理在触摸屏的 下基板02设置多个同层设置且相互独立的自电容电极05，当人体未触碰屏幕时，各自电容电极05所承受的电容为一固定值，当人体触碰屏幕时，对应的自电容电极05所承受的电容为固定值叠加人体电容，触控侦测芯片04在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置。由于人体电容可以作用于全部自电容，相对于人体电容仅能作用于互电容中的投射电容，由人体碰触屏幕所引起的触控变化量会比较大，因此能有效提高触控的信噪比，从而提高触控感应的准确性。
在具体实施时，为了能有效检测出各自电容电极05的电容值变化，触控侦测芯片04可以在触控时间段向各自电容电极05施加驱动信号，并接受各自电容电极05的反馈信号。由于自电容电极05被触摸引起的电容值变化可增加反馈信号的RC延时，通过判断各自电容电极05的反馈信号RC延时即可确定自电容电极05是否被触摸，从而定位触控位置。当然，触控侦测芯片04还可以通过诸如检测电荷变化量等其他方式确认各自电容电极05的电容值变化以判断触控位置，在此不做赘述。
本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏复用公共电极层03作为自电容电极05，将下基板02的公共电极层03图形进行变更，形成多个相互独立的自电容电极05以及将自电容电极05连接至触控侦测芯片04的导线06，相对于采用互电容原理实现触控功能时需要在阵列基板内增加两层新的膜层的方式，本发明实施例提供的触摸屏不需要增加额外的膜层，仅需要对原有的公共电极层03进行构图工艺以形成对应的自电容电极05和导线06的图形，这节省了生产成本，提高了生产效率。
一般地，在ADS型液晶面板的下基板上，公共电极作为板状电极位于更靠近衬底基板的下层，像素电极作为狭缝电极位于更靠近液晶层的上层，在像素电极和公共电极之间设有绝缘层。在H-ADS型液晶面板的阵列基板上，像素电极作为板状电极位于更靠近衬底基板的下层，公共电极作为狭缝电极位于更靠近液晶层的上层，在像素电极和公共电极之间设有绝缘层。
在不同实施例中，根据上述触摸屏所应用的液晶显示面板的模式，形成公共电极层的各自电容电极05在与像素单元的开口区域对应的位置可以具有狭缝状ITO电极结构或板状ITO电极结构。例如，在HADS模式时各自电容电极05包括狭缝状ITO电极，例如，所述狭缝状ITO电极结构为在像 素的开口区域具有狭缝的ITO电极。例如，在ADS模式时各自电容电极05可以包括板状ITO电极以满足液晶显示的需求，此时自电容电极05可以透过像素电极的狭缝区域与人体电场相互作用。由于ADS模式和HADS模式的液晶面板的具体结构可以采用本领域技术人员所知的技术，在此不再赘述。
在一个实施例中，为了增加在触控时间段自电容电极05感知人体电容带来的变化，可以将包括各自电容电极05的公共电极层设置在下基板02中的像素电极的上方，即采用HADS模式，以尽量使自电容电极05接近上基板01。
并且，在具体实施时，可以采用任意构图流程制作下基板02上的各膜层，例如可以采用8次构图工艺：栅极和栅线构图→有源层构图→第一绝缘层构图→数据线和源漏极构图→树脂层构图→像素电极构图→第二绝缘层构图→公共电极层构图；当然也可以根据实际设计，采用7次构图工艺、6次构图工艺或5次构图工艺，在此不做限定。
由于本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏复用公共电极层03作为自电容电极05，因此在一个实施例中，采用触控和显示阶段分时驱动的方式。并且，在一个实施例中，还可以将显示驱动芯片和触控侦测芯片整合为一个芯片，以进一步降低生产成本。
例如，如图4a和图4b所示的驱动时序图中，将触摸屏显示每一帧(V-sync)的时间分成显示时间段和触控时间段。例如如图4a和图4b所示的驱动时序图中触摸屏的显示一帧的时间为16.7ms，选取其中5ms作为触控时间段，其他的11.7ms作为显示时间段。当然也可以根据IC芯片的处理能力适当的调整两者的时长，在此不做具体限定。在显示时间段，对触摸屏中的每条栅极信号线Gate1，Gate2……Gate n依次施加栅扫描信号，对数据信号线Data施加灰阶信号，与各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n连接的触控侦测芯片向各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n分别施加公共电极信号，以实现液晶显示功能。在触控时间段，如图4a所示，与各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n连接的触控侦测芯片向各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n同时施加驱动信号，同时接收各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n的反馈信号；或者，如图4b所示，与各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n连接的触控侦测芯片向各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n依次施加驱动信号，分别接收各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n的反馈信号；在此不做限定。通过对反 馈信号的分析判断是否发生触控，以实现触控功能。
触摸屏的密度通常在毫米级，因此，在具体实施时，可以根据所需的触控密度选择各自电容电极05的密度和所占面积以保证所需的触控密度。通常各自电容电极05设计为5mm*5mm左右的方形电极。显示屏的密度通常在微米级，因此，一般一个自电容电极05可对应显示屏中的多个像素单元。并且，本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏是将整层设置在下基板02上的公共电极层03分割成多个自电容电极05和对应的导线06，为了不影响正常的显示功能，在对公共电极层03进行分割时，分割线一般都避开用于显示的开口区域，设置在对应于黑矩阵层的图形区域。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏还可以包括：设置于上基板01面向下基板02的一侧，或设置于下基板02面向上基板01的一侧的黑矩阵层07；相邻的两个自电容电极05之间的分割间隙在下基板02的正投影均位于黑矩阵层07的图形所在区域内；各导线06的图形在下基板02的正投影均位于黑矩阵层07的图形所在区域内。
在采用自电容原理设计触摸屏时，如图3所示，一般每一个自电容电极05通过单独的引出线与触控侦测芯片04连接，在一个实施例中，每条引出线可以包括：将自电容电极05连接至触摸屏的边框处的导线06，以及设置在边框处用于将自电容电极05导通至触控侦测芯片的接线端子08的外围走线09，即外围走线09与触控侦测芯片04的接线端子08电性连接。并且，一般地，外围走线09和触控侦测芯片04的接线端子08可以设置于下基板02面向上基板01的一侧的边框处；因此，自电容电极05可以通过导线06先连接至内嵌式触摸屏的边框处后，再与对应的外围走线09电性连接。
在具体实施时，由于自电容电极05的数量非常多，对应的引出线也非常多；以每个自电容电极05的所占面积为5mm*5mm为例，5寸的液晶显示屏就需要264个自电容电极05；若将每个自电容电极05设计的更小一些，则会有更多的自电容电极05，那么需要设置更多的引出线。由于引出线中的导线06和自电容电极05都设置在公共电极层03，且为了不影响正常显示，黑矩阵层07的图形可以覆盖所有的导线06，这样会使覆盖导线06的黑矩阵层07的图形偏多，从而影响像素单元的开口率。另外，由于导线06数量偏多，也会引起设置在边框处的与导线06一一对应连接的外围走线09数量偏多， 这可造成触摸屏的边框扩大，不利于窄边框设计。
因此，在本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏中的一个实施例中，如图5所示，将各条导线06与相互间隔设置的两个自电容电极05电性相连，且与各条导线06电性相连的各自电容电极05之间互不重合。将每间隔设置的两个自电容电极05通过一条导线06连接至触摸屏的边框处后，通过一条对应的外围走线09连接至触控侦测芯片04进行触控位置检测。这样，相对于如图3所示的自电容电极05与导线06一一对应相连的连接方式，导线06数量会减少一半；此外，随着导线06数量的减少，与之对应的外围走线09数量也随之减少，这也有利于触摸屏窄边框的设计。
并且，由于是将间隔设置的两个自电容电极05通过一条导线06连接，相邻的自电容电极05通过不同的导线06连接至边框处，因此，当人体触碰屏幕时，触控侦测芯片04可以通过判断相邻的连接不同导线06的自电容电极05的电容值变化来确定触控位置，以避免误判，实现触控感应的准确性。以图5所示的自电容电极05的连接关系为例，由于在x方向自电容电极05没有通过同一条导线06连接，因此可以准确判断出x方向的位置，在y方向的自电容电极05出现两两相连的情况，因此，需要通过不同导线06上的信号变化来判断y方向位置，例如当手指触摸位置A时，通过导线d上的信号变化可知，A和B位置均有可能发生触控，但是通过导线a上的信号发生变化，导线b上的信号无变化可知，仅在A位置发生了触控。
在不同实施例中，不论是导线06与自电容电极05一一对应连接，还是导线06与两个自电容电极05对应连接，在设计各导线06的延伸方向时，可以将各导线06的延伸方向设置为相同。一般地，触摸屏的边框形状为长方形，在一个实施例中，为了优化导线所占面积，可以将各条导线06的延伸方向设置为与边框的短边方向一致，即如图6a所示，各条导线06沿着边框的短边方向将自电容电极05连接至边框的长边。这样可以通过减少在相邻两列自电容电极05间隙处的导线06数量的方式，减少导线06所占面积，从而降低覆盖导线06的黑矩阵层07的图形面积，提高像素单元的开口率。
在一个实施例中，为了保证像素单元具有较大的开口率，触摸屏的边框一般具有四个侧边，如图6b所示，可以将各自电容电极05在导线06互不交叉的基础上通过对应的导线06连接至距离最近的侧边，这样可以尽可能的减 少各自电容电极05之间的导线06数量，从总体上最大化的降低黑矩阵层07的图形面积，保证较大的像素单元的开口率。
在本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏中，由于人体电容通过直接耦合的方式作用于各自电容电极05的自电容，因此，人体触碰屏幕时，仅在触摸位置下方的自电容电极05的电容值有较大的变化量，与触摸位置下方的自电容电极05相邻的自电容电极05的电容值变化量非常小，这样，例如人的手指在触摸屏上滑动时，难以确定自电容电极05所在区域内的触控坐标，因此，在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏的一个实施例中，可以将相邻的两个自电容电极05相对的侧边均设置为折线，以便增大位于触摸位置下方的自电容电极05相邻的自电容电极05的电容值变化量。
在不同实施中，可以采用如下两种方式之一或组合的方式设置各自电容电极05的整体形状。
1、可以将相邻的两个自电容电极05相对的为折线的侧边均设置为阶梯状结构，两阶梯状结构形状一致且相互匹配，如图7a所示，图7a中示出了2*2个自电容电极05。
2、可以将相邻的两个自电容电极05相对的为折线的侧边均设置为凹凸状结构，两凹凸状结构形状一致且相互匹配，如图7b所示，图7b中示出了2*2个自电容电极05。
基于同一发明构思，本发明的至少一个实施例还提供了一种显示装置，其包括本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏。该显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。该显示装置的实施可以参见上述内嵌式触摸屏的实施例，重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置，利用自电容的原理在触摸屏的下基板设置多个同层设置且相互独立的自电容电极，当人体未触碰屏幕时，各自电容电极所承受的电容为一固定值，当人体触碰屏幕时，对应的自电容电极所承受的电容为固定值叠加人体电容，触控侦测芯片在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置。由于人体电容可以作用于全部自电容，相对于人体电容仅能作用于互电容中的投射电容的方式，由人体碰触屏幕所引起的触控变化量比较大，因此本发明实施例能有 效提高触控的信噪比，从而提高触控感应的准确性。并且，相对于采用互电容原理实现触控功能时需要在阵列基板内增加两层新的膜层的方式，本发明实施例提供的触摸屏是将ADS模式的公共电极层图形进行变更，形成多个相互独立的自电容电极以及将自电容电极连接至触控侦测芯片的导线，因而不需要增加额外的膜层，节省了生产成本，提高了生产效率。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
本申请要求于2014年5月30日递交的中国专利申请第201410239885.0号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种内嵌式触摸屏，包括相对而置的上基板和下基板，设置于所述下基板面向所述上基板的一侧的公共电极层，以及触控侦测芯片；其中，
    所述公共电极层被分割成多个相互独立的自电容电极，以及将所述自电容电极连接至所述触控侦测芯片的多条导线；
    所述触控侦测芯片用于在显示时间段对各自电容电极加载公共电极信号，在触控时间段通过检测各所述自电容电极的电容值变化以判断触控位置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的内嵌式触摸屏，还包括：设置于所述上基板面向所述下基板的一侧，或设置于所述下基板面向所述上基板的一侧的黑矩阵层；其中，
    相邻的两个所述自电容电极之间的分割间隙在所述下基板的正投影均位于所述黑矩阵层的图形所在区域内；
    各所述导线的图形在所述下基板的正投影均位于所述黑矩阵层的图形所在区域内。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的内嵌式触摸屏，其中，相邻的两个所述自电容电极相对的侧边均为折线。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的内嵌式触摸屏，其中，相邻的两个自电容电极相对的为折线的侧边均具有阶梯状结构，两阶梯状结构形状一致且相互匹配。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的内嵌式触摸屏，其中，相邻的两个自电容电极相对的为折线的侧边均具有凹凸状结构，两凹凸状结构形状一致且相互匹配。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一所述的内嵌式触摸屏，其中，各条所述导线与相互间隔设置的两个自电容电极电性相连，且与各条导线电性相连的各自电容电极之间互不重合。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的内嵌式触摸屏，还包括：与所述触控侦测芯片的接线端子电性连接的外围走线；其中，
    所述外围走线和所述触控侦测芯片的接线端子设置于所述下基板面向所述上基板的一侧的边框处；
    所述自电容电极通过所述导线连接至所述内嵌式触摸屏的边框处后，与对应的外围走线电性连接。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的内嵌式触摸屏，其中，所述内嵌式触摸屏的边框形状为长方形，各条所述导线沿着所述边框的短边方向将所述自电容电极连接至所述边框的长边。
  9. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的内嵌式触摸屏，其中，所述内嵌式触摸屏的边框具有四个侧边，各所述自电容电极在所述导线互不交叉的基础上通过对应的所述导线连接至距离最近的侧边。
  10. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的内嵌式触摸屏。
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