WO2015177384A1 - Base de mazarota insertable, molde de arena, dispositivo de moldeo compuesto por la base de mazarota insertable y el molde de arena y procedimiento de obtencion del dispositivo de moldeo - Google Patents
Base de mazarota insertable, molde de arena, dispositivo de moldeo compuesto por la base de mazarota insertable y el molde de arena y procedimiento de obtencion del dispositivo de moldeo Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015177384A1 WO2015177384A1 PCT/ES2014/070411 ES2014070411W WO2015177384A1 WO 2015177384 A1 WO2015177384 A1 WO 2015177384A1 ES 2014070411 W ES2014070411 W ES 2014070411W WO 2015177384 A1 WO2015177384 A1 WO 2015177384A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- base
- cavity
- mold
- mazarot
- mazarota
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C23/00—Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
Definitions
- the present invention falls within the field of melting devices and procedures in sand molds and, more specifically, to the feeding systems for foundry molds.
- molds (usually of sand) are used, comprising:
- a main cavity (of piece) that adjusts to the shape and dimensions of the piece to be manufactured, conveniently increased in volume, so that at room temperature the molten product fits in shape and dimensions to what has been given in call "casting blank.”
- These cavities are formed by the corresponding molding tools (molding plates and male boxes).
- a filling system through which the metal or alloy of molten metal that will constitute the piece is poured into the mold. It consists of a set of channels, ducts and chambers, capable of communicating the exterior of the mold and the cavity corresponding to the piece.
- a feeding system (mazarota or minimazarota) that allows to feed the main cavity with molten metal during the cooling of said molten metal.
- the manufacture of cast iron parts requires a series of steps or stages: - Design.
- the filling and feeding system is calculated and validated, so that the part meets the specifications.
- the liquid alloy is introduced into the mold cavity through the filling system. To complete the mold filling it is necessary
- overheating the alloy and this overheating depends mainly on the thicknesses of the piece to be manufactured. Small thickness parts require higher overheating temperatures.
- the response of the feeding system is the one that corresponds to the sum of the two contractions indicated, since once the solidification of the metal is finished, the feeding devices are not able to provide metal.
- the feeding systems that is to say, mazarotas and minimazarotas, can occupy in the molds two perfectly differentiated positions:
- the feeding device rests directly on the piece to be fed, although a support supplement or a separating ring (cookie) may be available.
- mazarot base In lateral position.
- the feeding device is located laterally and its connection to the piece is made by what has been called “sleeve base or mazarot base".
- the mazarota bases are spaces or cavities that make up a deposit in the mold (usually of considerable size) that must be occupied by the liquid metal at the time of casting to put the metal of said mazarota in communication with the piece and compensate for the contraction experienced by the metal of the piece in its solidification process.
- this function is known as food and only makes sense while there is a liquid phase, since once solidified it is not possible to provide material.
- mazarota base For the mazarota base to fulfill its function, that is, that during the liquid interval there is communication between the piece and the mazarota, it is essential that the piece solidify first, then the base of the mazarota and, finally, the own mazarota This solidification sequence is the one that guarantees that contraction defects (rechupes) do not develop in the piece, which make the piece unusable.
- the molding plate that is used to obtain the interior configuration of the sand mold generates the cavity of the piece to be manufactured and the base of the mazarot, in such a way that the sand mold obtained is the replica of the figures of the Model plate and the cavity of the mazarota base. Therefore, the cavity that forms the base of the flask is of the same material as the rest of the mold, usually silica sand, agglomerated with different systems.
- the cavity corresponding to the base of the flask is constituted by the same molding system as the piece (usually silica sand agglomerated with the system using the foundry in question).
- volume and geometry are used, since it must imperatively solidify after the piece.
- the object of the present invention is a base of inserts in a sand mold for casting metal parts comprising a main cavity designed to be filled with molten metal to obtain a casting and at least one auxiliary cavity (in a simple way).
- the insertable mazarota base of the invention has an external geometry that allows the insertion of the mazarota base in said auxiliary cavity and comprises an internal cavity that communicates said main cavity of the mold with a Feed tap, when the tap base is inserted into the auxiliary cavity of the mold.
- the auxiliary cavity may have a shape and configuration complementary to the outer geometry of the mazarota base, so that the base fits into the cavity.
- the mazarot base can comprise elements designed to fit in a part of the auxiliary cavity.
- the auxiliary cavity is arranged (in the mold) in such a way that, by inserting the mazarota base into the auxiliary cavity of the mold, the interior of the mazarota base is in communication with the main cavity of the mold (piece) to allow passage of molten metal in the inner cavity to the main cavity.
- the auxiliary cavity can be contiguous to the main cavity and even form a single cavity to facilitate the formation of the mold, in the latter case, once the mazarota base is inserted, the main cavity that communicates with the internal cavity of the interior is formed. mazarota base.
- the object of the present invention is also a sand mold for the casting of metal parts configured to receive the incorporation of an insert base, provided with an interior cavity configured to receive molten metal from a feed cylinder.
- the mold comprises a main cavity that can be filled with molten metal to obtain a casting and at least one auxiliary cavity with a geometry (interior) that allows the insertion of said mazarota base, the auxiliary cavity being arranged relative to the main cavity in such a way that, when the mazarot base is inserted in the auxiliary cavity, the inner cavity of the mazarot base puts said main mold cavity in communication with a feeding mazarot.
- the insertable mazarota base is obtained independently of the mold, for example by manual molding or by blowing with an exterior geometry with variable shapes and sizes. These forms will preferably be simple, for example prismatic, pyramidal, cylindrical or hemispherical trunk.
- Mazarota bases that will act as inserts can be manufactured outside the smelting plant, as is the case, for example, with the mazarotas, minimazarotas or magüitos.
- the sand mold is composed of silica sand.
- Silica sand is to be understood in this invention as pure silica sand, as well as other sands that contain, in addition to silica, other common sand components such as iron, feldspar, plaster, etc.
- the mold is obtained by molding tools, for example a model plate that configures the main cavity and one or several auxiliary cavities, with a geometry in correspondence with the shape of the insertable mazarota bases manufactured specifically for it.
- the outer geometry will preferably be prismatic, pyramidal, cylindrical or hemispherical.
- the mazarota bases are incorporated into the mold at the time of making the mold for the casting of the pieces, that is to say by means of the model plate the main cavity and the cavity or auxiliary cavities of the mold are generated (depending on the number of mazarotas necessary) and then the mazarota bases are introduced as if they were male.
- the inner cavity must meet the criteria of the thermal module, so that the last parts of liquid metal must be in the feeding system, to provide the metal that the piece demands during its contraction.
- the union between the feeder (mazarota, minimazarota, etc.) and the main cavity of the mold (piece) is carried out through an insert or insert (base of mazarota) outside the mold, which has been arranged in the space or auxiliary cavity practiced in the mold itself to act as a mazarota base.
- the mazarot base comprises an insulating or exothermic composition.
- This composition may comprise hollow aluminum silicate microspheres and a binder, preferably cold box curing binders, the hollow microspheres having an alumina content equal to or less than 38% by weight and preferably 20 to 38%.
- the composition may comprise non-fibrous fillers, selected from the group consisting of oxidizable metals, oxidizers capable of oxidizing said oxidizable metals and inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- oxidizable metals aluminum, magnesium and silicon, preferably aluminum, can be used.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts may be used, for example nitrates, chlorates and permanganates of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
- Metal oxides can also be used, for example Iron oxides and of Manganese, preferably iron oxide.
- cryolite, potassium aluminum tetrafluoride and aluminum and potassium hexafluoride, preferably cryolite can be used.
- the hollow aluminum silicate microspheres preferably have a grain diameter of up to 3 mm and more preferably a grain diameter of less than 1 mm and a wall thickness of approximately 10% of the diameter of the microsphere.
- the object of the invention is also a molding device formed by a sand mold and a mazarot base in accordance with the present invention and wherein said mazarot base is inserted in said sand mold.
- the object of the invention is a method of obtaining a molding device for casting castings comprising the following steps:
- a silica sand mold comprising a main cavity that can be filled with molten metal to obtain a casting and at least one auxiliary cavity that has a geometry (interior) that is configured to allow insertion of a mazarota base .
- a base of mazarota with a composition of insulating and / or exothermic material comprising an inner cavity to receive molten metal from a feeding mazarot and an external geometry that allows the insertion of the mazarot base in the said cavity (or cavities ) sand mold auxiliary.
- the mazarot base has an insulating or exothermic composition.
- This composition may comprise hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate and a binder, the hollow microspheres having a content of alumina equal to or less than 38% by weight and preferably 20 to 38%.
- any type of resin, both solid and liquid, which is polymerized by the corresponding catalyst can be used as binder.
- the cold or hot box system can be used, as well as self-forging techniques.
- a cold box curing binder is used,
- the composition may comprise non-fibrous fillers, selected from the group consisting of oxidizable metals, oxidants and inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- oxidizable metals aluminum, gagnesium and silicon, preferably aluminum, can be used.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts may be used, for example nitrates, chlorates and permanganates of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
- Metal oxides can also be used, for example iron and manganese oxides, preferably iron oxide.
- cryolite, aluminum-potassium tetrafluoride and aluminum-potassium hexafluoride, preferably cryolite can be used as inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- the hollow aluminum silicate microspheres preferably have a grain diameter of up to 3 mm and more preferably a grain diameter of less than 1 mm and a wall thickness of approximately 10% of the diameter of the microsphere.
- the formulation of this invention may contain optional charges in non-fibrous form, selected from the group of oxidizable metals, oxidants and inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- the formulations described above are used, which are manually molded or blow molded, polymerizing the resin used by the appropriate catalyst, resulting in a block of more or less prismatic shape (or pyramidal or cylindrical or hemispherical trunk) containing the shape of the previously designed mazarota base.
- the dimensional accuracy obtained by these procedures is much higher than that obtained by traditional molding procedures, which allows these mazarot bases to be considered as precise elements and, therefore, can be attached to the sand mold with great ease , and can even reach automation.
- - Insulating capacity The molding masses of the inserts of the mazarot bases, are formed by materials of exothermic and / or insulating nature, which have been described above.
- Binder system For the manufacture of the insert bases in the mold, different binder systems are used (cold box and hot box, chemical binders, etc).
- the exterior and interior geometry of the insert bases in the mold differ, although both can adopt the shapes and sizes that best suit the needs of the piece to be manufactured. Its conceptualization is relatively simple, since the exterior must adapt to the cavity practiced in the sand mold and the interior must comply with the condition of communication mazarota / piece.
- a cavity is provided in which the insert (mazarota base) manufactured specifically for it is housed.
- False It is an insert that is housed in the mold and shapes the new mazarota base.
- the new process is based on the use of insertable mazarot bases
- the cavity enabled in the mold can have different shapes and dimensions (prismatic, truncated pyramid, hemispherical, etc.), said cavity, belongs to the mold and is constituted by the same system or mass as the rest of the mold.
- the insert object of the invention which is constituted by the following particularities or characteristics, is placed or disposed as a male:
- the shape and external dimensions of the insert adapt to the needs of each mold. Prismatic shapes with exit angle may be the most frequent, although not the only ones.
- the shape and internal dimensions of the insert adapt to the particularities of each piece (compliance with the rule of the module).
- the preferred form is considered to be approximately hemispherical, although not the only one.
- the molding tools shape a cavity in which the insert motive of this patent is housed and adjusted. It is a block, with different shapes and dimensions, whose composition is the mixture already defined as insulating and / or exothermic.
- the insert is insulating and / or exothermic in nature. Based on the formulations indicated above, it is achieved that the thermal behavior of the mold area in which the insertable flask base is housed is more favorable, since the local thermal module increases considerably.
- Both the insulating and exothermic capacity are adjusted to the needs of each piece, so that the number of combinations is unlimited and, at the same time, adjusted to each need.
- the simulation tools of the casting process are very helpful in selecting the shape and size of the most favorable inserts.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the elements that constitute a cast mold.
- Figure 2 describes the two ways of presenting the feeding devices (in this case minimazarotas).
- Figure 3 represents a model plate used in the prior art for obtaining a sand mold with a main cavity and a mazarot cavity or base.
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of an insertable mazarot base, according to the present invention, ready to be inserted into a sand mold configured in accordance with the present invention to receive and house the insertable mazarot base.
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a molding device comprising an insertable mazarot base and a sand mold according to the present invention.
- Figures 6A and 6B are a comparative representation of a specific example to show what happens when replacing a traditional mazarota base with an insertable mazarota base according to the object of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
- Figure 1 shows a cast mold (1) comprising a main cavity (2) corresponding to the piece to be manufactured and which has been shaped by the molding tool (3).
- the filling system (4) and the feeding devices (5) have been configured.
- the filling system (4) communicates the exterior of the mold (1) with the main cavity (2) and is formed by the trough, the distribution channels and the joints or attacks on the piece.
- the feeding system (5) is responsible for feeding the part, that is, to compensate for the contractions that occur in the liquid-solid change. The use of insulating and / or exothermic minimazarots is frequent.
- FIG 2 two usual forms of feeding devices (in this case minimazarotas) have been represented.
- the feeding device (5) When the feeding device (5) is placed at the top of the part, reference is made to the "load arrangement” and in this case "mazarota base” is not used.
- the feeding when the feeding is placed laterally, it is essential to use cavities of mazarota bases (6).
- the cavity corresponding to the mazarot base (6) is one more part of the mold and, therefore, these cavities are formed by the mold tooling itself (3), with the same molding material as the mold assembly (1).
- Figure 3 shows a molding tool (3) or model plate used to obtain the main cavity (2) and the cavity that forms the base of the flask (6).
- FIG 4 an insertable mazarot base (7) according to the object of the invention has been shown.
- the insertable mazarota base (7) is an element obtained independently from the foundry mold (1) and comprises an inner cavity (8) that can accommodate molten metal to feed the main cavity (2).
- a cast mold (1) comprising a main cavity (2) that reproduces the shape of the piece to be obtained and an auxiliary cavity (9) has also been represented.
- the outer geometry of the insertable mazarot base (7) is similar to the geometry of the auxiliary cavity (9), so that the mazarot base (7) can be easily inserted into the auxiliary cavity (9).
- FIG 5 an insertable mazarot base (7) housed in the auxiliary cavity (9) of the mold (1) and a mazarot or minimazarot (10) on the base of insertable mazarot (7) is shown.
- the inner cavity (8) is in direct communication with the main cavity (2) of the mold (1) and with the flask, so that the molten metal contained in the flask feeds the main cavity (2) of the mold (1). It is observed that the metal of the piece, the base of the mazarot and the minimazarot form a unit, which from the thermal point of view must keep the corresponding relationship.
- the constituent material of the insertable mazarot base (7) is similar or the same as that of the minimazarot (10), since both must have insulating and / or exothermic characteristics, material that is different from that of the mold (1 ). It is observed that the mazarot base (7) is an insert in the mold (1), which performs the same function as those cavities of traditional mazarot bases made of the same mixture (silica sand) as the mold and obtained together with The cavity of the piece.
- Figure 6A shows a mazarot base according to the usual techniques.
- the size of the "base of the mazarota” is very high, when compared with the diameter of the mazarota itself. This disproportion is related to the thermo-physical characteristics of the mold material and the flask. It is very evident that the size of the "mazarota base" penalizes performance, while appreciating the enormous disproportion between it and the feeder itself.
- FIG. 6B shows the size of the mazarot base according to the object of the present invention. The difference in sizes of the two mazarot bases represented in Figures 6A and 6B is adjusted to reality, since these geometries have been designed and validated by means of the corresponding simulation studies.
- the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments that have been described, but also covers, for example, the variants that can be made by the average person skilled in the art (for example, as regards the choice of materials, dimensions, components, configuration, etc.), within what follows from the claims.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES14745172T ES2802262T3 (es) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Molde de arena, dispositivo de moldeo consistente en una base de mazarota insertable y el molde de arena y método para producir el dispositivo de moldeo |
RU2016145110A RU2016145110A (ru) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Вставное основание стояка, песчаная форма,формовочное устройство, состоящее из вставного основания стояка и песчаной формы, и способ получения формовочного устройства |
CN201480080056.0A CN107073562A (zh) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | 可插入式冒口窝、砂模、包括可插入式冒口窝和砂模的模制设备和生产模制设备的方法 |
PCT/ES2014/070411 WO2015177384A1 (es) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Base de mazarota insertable, molde de arena, dispositivo de moldeo compuesto por la base de mazarota insertable y el molde de arena y procedimiento de obtencion del dispositivo de moldeo |
PT147451728T PT3147046T (pt) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Molde de areia, dispositivo de moldação que consiste numa base do massalote inserível e o molde de areia e o método para produzir o dispositivo de moldação |
US15/312,140 US20170080483A1 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Insertable riser base, sand mould, moulding device consisting of the insertable riser base and the sand mould, and method for producing the moulding device |
CA2951268A CA2951268A1 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Insertable riser base, sand mould, moulding device consisting of the insertable riser base and the sand mould, and method for obtaining the moulding device |
EP14745172.8A EP3147046B1 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Sand mould, moulding device consisting of an insertable riser base and the sand mould and method for producing the moulding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2014/070411 WO2015177384A1 (es) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Base de mazarota insertable, molde de arena, dispositivo de moldeo compuesto por la base de mazarota insertable y el molde de arena y procedimiento de obtencion del dispositivo de moldeo |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015177384A1 true WO2015177384A1 (es) | 2015-11-26 |
Family
ID=51260887
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2014/070411 WO2015177384A1 (es) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | Base de mazarota insertable, molde de arena, dispositivo de moldeo compuesto por la base de mazarota insertable y el molde de arena y procedimiento de obtencion del dispositivo de moldeo |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170080483A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP3147046B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN107073562A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2951268A1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2802262T3 (es) |
PT (1) | PT3147046T (es) |
RU (1) | RU2016145110A (es) |
WO (1) | WO2015177384A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105983663A (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-05 | 马鞍山奥特佳机电有限公司 | 冒口带有保温套的汽车空调压缩机动、静盘浇注装置 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113458338B (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-07-05 | 洛阳航辉新材料有限公司 | 一种钛合金铸造用冒口的制备方法 |
TWI823196B (zh) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-11-21 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | 自動生成冒口之系統與方法 |
CN114535509A (zh) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-27 | 株洲九方铸造股份有限公司 | 一种斜向冒口补缩系统 |
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EP0230149A2 (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-29 | Foseco International Limited | Method, apparatus and feeder sleeves for the production of casting moulds |
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ES2134729B1 (es) * | 1996-07-18 | 2000-05-16 | Kemen Recupac Sa | Mejoras introducidas en objeto solicitud patente invencion española n. 9601607 por "procedimiento para fabricacion manguitos exactos y otros elementos de mazarotaje y alimentacion para moldes de fundicion, incluyendo la formulacion para obtencion de dichos manguitos y elementos". |
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2014
- 2014-05-19 US US15/312,140 patent/US20170080483A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-05-19 EP EP14745172.8A patent/EP3147046B1/en active Active
- 2014-05-19 RU RU2016145110A patent/RU2016145110A/ru unknown
- 2014-05-19 PT PT147451728T patent/PT3147046T/pt unknown
- 2014-05-19 CN CN201480080056.0A patent/CN107073562A/zh active Pending
- 2014-05-19 WO PCT/ES2014/070411 patent/WO2015177384A1/es active Application Filing
- 2014-05-19 ES ES14745172T patent/ES2802262T3/es active Active
- 2014-05-19 CA CA2951268A patent/CA2951268A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP0230149A2 (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-29 | Foseco International Limited | Method, apparatus and feeder sleeves for the production of casting moulds |
DE8702296U1 (de) * | 1987-02-14 | 1987-04-09 | L. Bregenzer Gießereibedarf GmbH & Co, 7000 Stuttgart | Seitenspeiser für den Einsatz in Gießformen |
WO2001070430A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-27 | Ashland Inc. | Insulating sleeve compositions containing fine silica and their use |
CN202951836U (zh) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-05-29 | 龙岩市升伍旗车桥有限公司 | 保温冒口 |
CN103157768A (zh) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-06-19 | 宁国市东渡铸业有限公司 | 一种高锰钢衬板的金属型覆砂铸造工艺 |
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CN105983663A (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-05 | 马鞍山奥特佳机电有限公司 | 冒口带有保温套的汽车空调压缩机动、静盘浇注装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2802262T3 (es) | 2021-01-18 |
CA2951268A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
US20170080483A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
EP3147046A1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
PT3147046T (pt) | 2020-06-17 |
RU2016145110A (ru) | 2018-05-17 |
EP3147046B1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
CN107073562A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
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