WO2015174920A2 - Joint and joint parts for drill string components and components - Google Patents
Joint and joint parts for drill string components and components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015174920A2 WO2015174920A2 PCT/SE2015/050550 SE2015050550W WO2015174920A2 WO 2015174920 A2 WO2015174920 A2 WO 2015174920A2 SE 2015050550 W SE2015050550 W SE 2015050550W WO 2015174920 A2 WO2015174920 A2 WO 2015174920A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- axial
- male
- female
- joint
- drill string
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 125
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 125
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 125
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000937413 Axia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001595 contractor effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- BALXUFOVQVENIU-KXNXZCPBSA-N pseudoephedrine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BALXUFOVQVENIU-KXNXZCPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/046—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like with ribs, pins, or jaws, and complementary grooves or the like, e.g. bayonet catches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
- E21B17/0426—Threaded with a threaded cylindrical portion, e.g. for percussion rods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
- E21B17/043—Threaded with locking means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a join for a drill rod.
- the invention also relates to parts of such a joint and a drill rod and other drill string components including such parts.
- Drill strings for percussion drilling are typically composed of a number of drill string components, such as drill rods, that are connected to each other via a threaded joint.
- the function of the drill rods is to transmit rotation, feed force and percussive impacts from the percussive rock drilling machine to the drill bit. Flushing medium is also transmitted through the drill rods.
- the drill string has to be retrieved by pulling it out of the bore hole and be
- the threaded joints limit the working life of the rods since the threads are frequently subjected to wear and
- the thread joints are subject to wear and are exposed to risk of failure for many reasons.
- Meeting threads are subject to relatively sliding or rubbing wear long udinally due to percussion waves and reflections as well as laterally because of torsional shock waves generated when the bit cuts into the rock to the extent that thereby rotation is drastically slowed momentarily.
- the stress concentration facto can be greater tha three, thus setting an upper limit to the allowed percussive stress level.
- EP0387218 describes a background art drill string component, having a central rod surrounded by a tube.
- a joint for joining together drill strin components for percussion drilling wherein each drill string component extends along an axial direction, and wherein, in operation, impact shock waves and rotation torque are arranged to be transferred via the joint, the joint including a male part and a female par having meeting impact surfaces.
- the invention is d stingu shed in - that the male part exhibits: i, first rotation torque transfer means, and ii . first axial coupling means, - that the female part
- first and second rotation torque transfer means exhibits; iii. second rotation torque transfer means, and iv. second axial coupling means, - wherein the first and second rotation torque transfer means extend on the respective male and female parts such, and - wherein the first and second axial coupling means are positioned such - that when the drill string is subjected to rotatio torque for drilling, relative axial movement is allowed betwee the male and the female parts when being in an interconnected state of co-operation between, the first and second rotatio torque transfe means. which is when the first and the second impact stirfaces are adjacent to each other.
- the invention wak s it possible to transmit both rotation and percussive shock waves through the drill string over only two meeting elemen s in the joint. This is achieved ith a hole quality being comparable to system as described above (Copro ⁇ ) , wherein transmission of rotation and of percussive shock waves is separated in two separate elements for each drill string component unit .
- a drill string component including one or two parts of a joint according to the invention is hereby comparatively easy and cost-effective to produce and with a weight being about half tha of a corresponding Coprod - element.
- a weight being about half tha of a corresponding Coprod - element.
- the first and the second rotation torque transfer means are laid out such as to allow a relative axial movemen between the male: and the female parts in the interconnected state in a region close to where the first and the second impact surfaces contact each other.
- a minor relative displacement between the male and female parts is allowed stabsequent to an impact shock wave passag ,
- separation between the parts of the joint is normally expected to be from about 0,2 to about 0,6 mm during drilling.
- the separation between the parts of the joint can, however in case of drilling in very hard rock and. with a drill hammer without damping even be expected to be as high as between about 1,2 - .1,6 mm. Prilling in rock with cavities could result i even greate separation than that.
- the joint is preferably constructed £or allowing at least 1 mm separat on and preferably 2 mm or more of separation. It should, however be understood that the inventive joint can be constructed for considerably higher degree of separation such as even up to about 100 mm.
- the drill hammer subjects th drill string to intens repeated impacts in the order of 200 MPa, whereby shock waves are transmitted from drill string component to drill string component, passing via the joints of the drill string all the way to the drill bit.
- This initial shock wave is in the form of a compressional wave propagating through the material of the drill string.
- the drill string is also subjected to repeated reflected shock waves, either tensile or compressional . These reflected shock waves will either increase or decrease the degree of the pre-loading, adding more releasing and reloading effec to the joint.
- the elastic deformation associated with all these releasing and reloading effects causes relative movements of the two parts being connected, but there should be no rigid- body separation between them at any time. I.e. the impact surface of the male part is in constant contact with the impact surface of the female part.
- a feed force applied to the drill string depends on various parameters but can be said to be in the region up to about 5 MPa, i.e. only a minute fraction of the shock wave value *
- No realist c feed force can. in any joint construction prevent shock wave passage induced influence to the joint parts.
- the problem associated with such influence is solved through the inventive completely new approach in allowing a certain relative axial movement between the parts, Hereby the intense but very short-las ing forces induced by the shock wave passage can foe effectively absorbed by being counteracted by the f ed force over a relatively longer period during the relative axial movement between the parts.
- the inventive joint per se is free from pretension in eithe rotational or axial direction when being subjected to rotation for drilling. Any such pretension would result in mutually locking parts, wear because of relative micro-movements and fatigue problems.
- first and the second axial coupling means of the male and the female parts is basically to ensure safe retrieval of the drill string. It is important to understand that in the interconnected state of two adjacent drill string components, the first and the second axial coupling means do not obstruct the relative axial movement between the joint parts. For that reason, at least in a state where the drill string is subjected to rotation torque or drilling, the first and the second axial coupling means allow and do n obstruct said relative axial movement.
- This definition also includes a joint between the shank adapter and the first drill rod.
- the first and second rotation torque transfer means are preferably mating splines that are preferably comprised, fox- each one of the male and the female parts, of at least six ridges that are elongated and that extend along each one of the male and the female parts. Ridges are protruding radially inward ⁇ from an inside wall of a cylindrical member to form female splines * Ridges are protruding radially outwards from an outside wall of a cylindrical membe to form male splines.
- contacting surfaces should preferably normally be from -20" up to abou 20° to the axial direction. Negative values means that separation of the impact surfaces because of the above described effect results in. separation between meeting first and second rotation torque transfer means.
- Forming th rotation torque transfer means helically is more complicated and expensive compared to forming these surfaces axially extending, but gives a somewhat softer rotation torque transfer between adjacent components.
- Th joint is obviously not preloaded as a conventional threaded joint for drill string components.
- axial engagement means formed by radially directed protrusions on one of the male and the female parts
- Axial engagement means advantageously includes radially directed protrusions in the form of hook elements or abutments on one of the male and the female parts for
- the axial engagement means are intended for temporary axial locking so as to limit and prevent exaggerated, separatio between the joint parts.
- One example when this is required is for allowing quick lifting of the drill string for clearing the bore hole from stuck drill cuttings.
- the axial engagement means can be arranged such that the rst and th second axial coupling means, in an
- one of the first and second axial coupling means is constituted by end surfaces of splines on the male or female part for co-operation with the above mentioned hook elements or abutments. No extra elements have to be provided with this embodiment.
- first and second axial coupling means include axial security coupling mean .
- Thi provides for safe prevention against any accidental release of the joined components.
- the axial security coupling means includes a thread coupling or a bayonet coupling.
- second axial security coupling means in the form of outside threads are positioned at a distal portion of a sleeve-shaped or rod-shaped element extending centrally of the female part and that mating first axial security coupling means in the form of inside threads are positioned at a distal portion of the male part.
- a dista portion of the rod-shaped element is cup-shaped with holes for lushing fluid and a rod base has holes for flushing fluid in order to ensure advantageous fluid transfer through the drill string durin operation.
- first and second axial coupling means including axial security coupling wea s as well as axial engagement means for both safe drill string retrieval a d enhanced functionality according to the above.
- the first and second axial coupling weans can be arranged in various ways and for example, ass threaded means engaging only during a first stage of connection of two adjacent components.
- threaded means engaging only during a first stage of connection of two adjacent components.
- bayonet coupling means can be used or intermeshing hooks on the inside of one of the first and second rotation torque transfer means that engage with inside ends of the second of the first and the second rotation torque t ansfer means or hooks or lugs on an outside of one of th first rotation torqu transfer means for engagement with the outside of th other one of the first and second rotation torque transfer means. Said hooks or lugs make up the first and a second axial coupling means.
- the female part includes an inner and an outer, dual-wall construction, the walls being sleeve-shaped together to define an annular compartment for the reception of a sleeve-formed (portio of a) male part.
- the first rotation torque transfer means can be positioned on one f the inside and the outside of the sleeve- formed male part, whereas the first axial coupling means can be positioned on one the same side or on the opposite side from the first rotation torque transfer means.
- a sealing arrangement is positioned at an iriside opening slot formed between the male and the female parts., as seen in an operative position with the first and second impact surfaces close to each other.
- the irst and second impact surfaces can be arranged for either shoulder drive, bottom drive or dual drive (both shoulder and bottom drive) ,
- impact surface shoulders are ring-shaped and are positioned radially outside th first and second rotation torque transfe means and the first and second axial coupling means.
- shoulder drive has proved to be most advantageous for use with respect to the invention, since shoulder drive joints tend to be less subjected to wear because the transfer of the shock wave outside and i parallel with the portions of the joint parts supporting the rotation transfer means.
- Another important advantage With shoulder drive is that it m kes it. more easy to provide for a virtually closed continuous outside surface for th entire drill string. In particular it is possible to make the entire drill string or at least the regions of the joints between th individual drill string components forming a continuous cylindrical envelope surface. This reduces ware.
- Flushing fluid leaking between th impact surfaces when they are slightly separated adds to reduction of the risk for impurities entering the joint.
- the female part is sleev -shaped with one wall, having both the second rotation, torque transfer means and the second axial coupling means being oriented on an inside sleeve wall.
- an angle between a radius of. the joint parts and a flank direction forming a right angle against a main surface of. the rotation torque transfer means is 60° - 90° and mors preferably 70 ⁇ - 90 3 ⁇ 4 .
- unwanted self-locking of the parts in a rotational direction is avoided and wear during drilling reduced to a minimum.
- the male part externally has a proximal, cylindrical guide portion for co-operation, with an internal, cylindrical guide surface at a distal portion of the female part.
- the male part at a distal region has part cylindrical outsid guide surfaces for co-operation with an. internal, cylindrical guide surface at a proximal portion of the female part.
- the invention also relates to a male part of a joint for joining together tubular drill string components to be
- each drill string component extends along an axial direction, and. wherein, in operation, impact shock waves and rotation torque are arranged to be transferred via the joint, wherein the male part is part of a first drill string component and is arranged to co-operate with a female part of a second drill string component, and wherein a first impact surface on the male part is arranged to co-operate with a second impact surface on the female part.
- the inventive male part exhibits t i. first rotation torque transfer means, and ii» first axial coupling means, for co-operation with iii. second rotation torque transfer means, and iv.
- second axial coupling means o the female part, - wherein the first rotatio torque transfer means for contacting the second rotation torque transfer means extend on the male part such, and ⁇ wherein the first axial coupling means for co-operation with the second axial coupling means is positioned such - that when the drill string is subjected to rotation torque for drilling, relative axial movement is allowed between the male and the female parts when feeing in an interconnected state of co-operation between the first and second rotation torque transfer means, being when the first and the second impact surfaces are adjacent to each othe .
- the first rotation torque transfer means ars splines having contacting surfaces that extend in parallel with said axial direction on the male par or extend helically on the respective male parts, at a helix angle (a) between 0° and 20° to the axial direction.
- the first axial coupling means include axial engagement means formed by radially directed protrusions on the male par ,
- the axial engagement m a s includes radially directed protrusions in the form of hook elements or abutments on the male part for engagement with abutment surface portions on the female part.
- the axial engagement means are arranged to engage in forward rotation of the drill string and/or reverse rotation of the drill string and thereb limit relative axial movement between the male and the female part.
- the first axial coupling means is constituted by end surfaces of splines on the male part.
- the first axial coupling means include axial security coupling means.
- the axial security coupling means preferably includes a thread coupling o a bayonet coupling.
- second axial security coupling means! in the form of outside threads are positioned at a distal portion, of a sleeve- haped or rod-shaped element extending centrally of the female part, mating first axial security coupling means in the form of inside threads are advantageously positioned at a distal portion of the male part.
- the f rst rota ion torque transfer means is preferably positioned on one of the inside and the outside of the sleeve-formed male part.
- the first axial coupling means is preferably positioned on one of the inside and the outside of the sleeve- formed male part.
- a sealing arrangement is preferably positioned at an inside opening slot formed between the male and the female parts, as seen in an operative position with the first and second impact surfaces close to each othe .
- the first impact surface is preferably arranged fo one from the group: shoulder drive, bottom drive and dual drive .
- first impact surface is arranged for shoulder drive / outside surfaces, of meeting drill string components, at least in the region of the joint, form an essentially continuous envelope surface.
- An angle ( ⁇ ) between a radius ( ) of the joint parts and a flank direction ⁇ f) forming a right angle against a main surface of the rotation torque transfer means is preferably 60 £
- the male part has preferably externally a proximal, cylindrical guide portion for co-operation with an internal, cylindrical guide surface at a distal portion of the female part.
- Th male part has preferabl at a distal region part
- cylindrical outside guide surfaces for co-operation with an interna.!. , cylindrical guide surface at a proximal portion of the female part.
- the invention also relates to a female part of a joint for joining together drill string components of a drill string for percussion drilling, wherein each drill string component extends along an axial direction, and wherein, in operation, impact shock waves and rotation torque from a percussion drilling machine at one end o th drill string is arranged to be transferred via the joint to a drill bit t an opposite end of the drill string, wherein the female part is part of a second drill string component and is arranged to co-operate with a male part of a first drill string component, wherein a second impact surface o the female part is arranged to cooperate with a first impact surface on the male part.
- the inventive female part exhibits: i. second rotation torque transfer m an ⁇ , an ii.
- second axial coupling means fo cooperation with iii. firs rotatio torque transfer means, and iv. first axial coupling means, on the male part, - wherein the second rotation torque transfer means for contacting the f rst rotation torque transfe means extend on the female par such, and - wherei the second axial coupling means for cooperation with the first axial coupling means is positioned such ⁇ that when the drill string is subjected to rotation torque for drilling, relative axial movement is allowed between the male and the female parts when being in an
- the second rotation torque transfer means is splines having contacting surfaces that extend in parallel with said axial direction on the female part or extend
- the second axial coupling means preferably include axial engagement means formed by radially directed protrusions on one of the female parts.
- the axial engagement means preferably includes radially directed protrusions in the form of hook elements or abutments on the female part for engagement with abutment surface portions one the male part.
- the axial engagement means are arranged to engage in forward rotation of the drill string and/or reverse rotatio of the drill string and thereby limit relative axial movement between the male and the female part ,
- the second axial coupling means is constituted by end sur ces of splines on female part .
- the second axial coupling means include axial security coupling means.
- the axial security coupling means includes a thread coupling or a bayonet coupling.
- Second axial security coupling means in the form of outside threads are positioned at a distal portion of a sleeve-shaped or rod-shaped elemen extending centrally of the female part for matin with first axial security coupling means in the form of inside threads that are positioned at a distal portion of the male part.
- the female part preferably includes an inner and an outer wall, together defining an annular compartment for the reception of a sleeve-formed male part.
- a sealing arrangement is preferably positioned at an inside opening slot formed between the male and the female parts, as seen in an operative position with the first and second impact surfaces close to each other.
- the second impact surface is arranged for one from th group; shoulder drive, bottom drive and dual drive.
- shoulder drive outside surfaces of meeting drill string components, at least in the regio of the join , preferably form an essentially continuous envelope surface.
- the female part is preferably sleeve-shaped having both the second rotation torque transfer means and the second axial coupling means being oriented on an inside sleeve wall.
- an angle ⁇ ⁇ between a radius (R) of the joint parts and a flank direction if) forming a right angle against a main surface of the rotation torque transfer means is 60* - 90° and more preferably 70° - 90°.
- the male part externally has a proximal , cylindrical guide portion, it preferably co-operates with an internal, cylindrical guide surface at a distal portion of the female part.
- the male part at a distal region has part cylindrical outside guide surfaces, it cooperates with an internal, cylindrical guide surface at a proximal portion of the female part,
- Ail inventive dril rod includes one such male part or/and one such female part or two such male parts or two such female parts .
- An invent;ive shank adapter for a rock drilling machine includes one such male part or one such female part.
- drill string components There are numerous ways in producing drill string components according to the invention.
- One method frequently used for producing drill rods is to friction weld the male and female parts onto a pipe-shaped rod blank.
- an inner sleeve making up the inner wall or an outer sl ve making up the outer wall may be friction welded to a base part including the other one of the walls.
- the drill rod according to the invention is also a drill rod.
- the inven ion also relates to a method for joining together tubular drill string components to be positioned between a percussive rock drilling machine and a drill bit for percussion drilling, wherein each drill string component extends along an axial direction, and wherein impact shock waves and rotation torque are transferred via a joint, including the steps of i- initiating axial insertion of a mal part of a first drill string component into a female part of a second drill string component,- rotate the first drill string component relative to the second drill string component to ensure engagement of axial security coupling means in the farm of a thread coupling or a bayonet coupling, - continue axial insertion of the male part into the female part a determined distance whereby the first drill string component is allowed to rotate relative to the second drill string component to ensure engagement of axial engagement means and to ensure engagement of first and second rotation torque transfer means arranged on the respectiv male and female part . Further details and advantages are explained in the below detailed description of embodimen s.
- Fig. 1 shows, in a simplified side view, partl in section, a top hammer with a drill string including drill rods and drill bit,
- Figs. 2a, b and a show in axial views a first embodiment of a joint with joint parts of a first and a second drill rod in three different states of connection
- Fig. 2cl shows a cross section of the first embodiment and Fig. 2c2 shows in a greater scale a contact region between two meetin splines.
- FIGS. 3 - d show in different views a second embodimen of a joint according to the invention
- Fig shows a. different joint part
- Figs. 5a: - d show a details of different joint part in different positions
- Fig. 6 illustrate an alternatively constructed joint
- Figs. 7a and b show further different joint parts
- Figs. 8a - e show a further different joint and joint parts
- Figs. 9a and b show an alternative male joint part
- Figs. 10 and b show a further alternative male joint par
- Fig. 11 shows a shank adapter in a side view.
- top hammer l in Fig. 1 is movably supported by a (not shown ⁇ feed beam of a drill rig and is arranged to deliver impacts and a rotational movement to drill bit 3 in order to disintegrate rock .
- a shank adapter 5 partly inside a front end region of the top hammer 1, connects to a drill string component being a drill rod of the drill string 2, said drill strin being composed of a number of drill string components such as individual drill x * ods 4 that are connected via joints,
- the drill bit 3 is connected to the lowermost drill rod 4 of the drill string 2 via a drill head 31.
- a first drill rod 6 has a male part 8 to be connected to a female part 9 of a second drill rod 7,
- the male part 8 is in this embodiment formed tubula as a sleeve having a free, distal, end and a proximal end being fastened to a tubular main part of the first drill rod 6.
- the dr ll rods have an ajcially extending flushing channel for allowing a flow of flushing fluid from the top hammer to the drill bit.
- the joint in Fig. 2a - c is constructed for shoulder drive and 10 indicates a first impact surface at a shoulder being included at a proximal end of the male part and being directed axially for co-operation with a second impact surface 11 at a most distal end of the second drill rod 7.
- shoulder drive impact between the drill rods 6 and 7 such that the impact waves pass radially outside the elements securing connection of the drill rods to each other.
- bottom drive in which case an alternative impact surface at the distal end of the male part would have been arranged for co-operation with an alternative impact surface on (a bottom portion of) the fem le part.
- dual drive shoulder drive as well as bottom drive would be active.
- the male part 8 exhibits firs rotation torque transfer weans being in the form of splines 12 in to this embodiment .
- the spl nes 12 extend axially in parallel with an axis A of the drill rods 6 and 7, and are arranged evenly distributed on an outsid surface of th sleev -formed male part.
- the first rotation torque transfer means 12 co-operate with mating second rotation torque transfer means 14 being arranged on an inside surface of a portion of the female part 9.
- the male part 8 further includes first axial coupling means 13 in the form of a short scre thread on an inside surface of A d at a distal region of the sleeve -formed male part 8.
- the rst axial coupling mean 13 is arranged to cooperate with mating second axial coupling means 15, also in. the form of a short screw thread on a portion of the female part 9 being positioned radially inside the second rotation torque transfer means 1 and directed radially outward *
- the female part 9 in thi embodiment includes two sleeve- shaped coaxial members together forming an annular space or compartment for more or less completely receiving the coupling elements of the male part 8.
- the f male part ha an inner and an outer, dual-wall construction, to define said annular compartment for the reception of the sleeve-formed ⁇ portion of the) male part.
- the second axial coupling means being a short male screw tread is arranged at a distal region of an inner one of the sleeve-shaped coaxial members that together forming an annula space or compartment for receiving the coupling elements of the male part 8.
- the male part 8 and the female part 9 are shown in. a state where, the male part 8 has been inserted into the annular space of the fe le part 9 and the first axial coupling means 13 engage the second axial coupling means? 15 by the short screw threads being threaded together with each othe .
- the male part 8 has bee threaded further with respect to th female part 9 in that the short screw threads being the first and second axial coupling means 13 and IS have been through-threaded, passed their relatively short axial lengths.
- the ifiale part 8 can now basically be free to move axially into said annular space or compartment being formed in the female part 9, whereupon the splines being the first and second rotation torque transfer means 12 and 14, can come into engagement with each other so as to transfer rotation, torque between the first and the second drill rods.
- stat where th first and second rotation torque transfer means 12 and 14 have come into engagement with each other is illustrated in an axial and a radial sections in Pig. 2c, wherein the couplin elements of the male part 8 has been completely pushed into said annular space inside the female part 9 such that the first and second impact surfaces 10 and 11 contact each other.
- Fig. 2c The position shown in Fig. 2c is the operative position, wherein, during drilling, impact shock waves can be
- joint parts are not at all affected by harmful forces to the extent that normally affect joint parts of background art threaded joints.
- Fig. 2a illustrates a drill rod 6 being produced by a tubular member being friction welded together with an element essentially making up the male part 8 via a friction weld 19, which can be produced in a per se known manne .
- 20 indicates a second friction weld between a female joint part and a sim lar tubular member together making up: the second drill rod 7.
- a dr ll rod includes a tubular part having a male part at one end and a female part at the other end. It is, however, also possible that drill rods have exclusively male parts or female parts at both ends.
- 21 indicates a third friction weld wherein the member to be connected to the second drill rod 7 is a part of the female joint part only.
- Numeral 18 n Fig. 2c indicates a sealing arrangement in the form of a sealing ring, for example of synthetic material , which is arranged to seal an inside opening slot 30 being formed between the two drill ods € and 7 during
- the sealing arrangemen can be arranged with a slit (o slits) or diminutive holes for allowing a minor leakage o flushing fluid flowing in the central flushing channel for providing limited flushing of the coupling parts of the joint,
- rotation torque transfer mean are arranged at an outside of a portion of the female part ⁇ but inside said annular space or compartment) receiving the male part.
- the first axial coupling means can. be arranged at the outside of the male part and the second axial coupling means at the inside of the female part.
- the female and male parts such that both the axial coupling means and the rotation torque tx-ansfer means of one of the parts are on the same side.
- the female part can be constructed without an annular space or compartment receiving the male part.
- Pigs. 3a ⁇ d show another joint embodiment, wherein the axial coupling means are constructed differently.
- a male part 8 of a drill string component 6 has a plurality of axially extending splines constituting (first) rotation torque transfer means.
- the plural splines are evenly distributed around part of the length of the male part and are adapted for co-operation with corresponding plural splines constituting second rotation torque transfer 1 means in an inside of a femal par ⁇ 7 in Figs. 3b ⁇ d) .
- radially protruding portions 32 constituting (first) axial coupling means.
- These (first) axial coupling means in the form of protruding portions are adapted for co-operation between surfaces 33, directed axially from the distal end Of the male part, and corresponding surface portions 35 in a recess or recesses 34, constituting second axial coupling means, formed inside of a mating female part (see in particular Fig. 3d ⁇ .
- Pig. 3b shows the male part 8 slightly entered into the female part 9, the protruding portions 32 being entered between ridges of the splines 14. Grooves between the spline ridges ar deepened and measured to allow the protruding portions to be moved all the way to the completed
- Figs. 3a - d basically illustrat a variant having a bayonet-like coupling being used instead of a threaded
- the bayonet- ike coupling can be axxanged for
- interlocking axial coupling means either as a result of forward rotation, used, during drilling or as a result of reverse rotation, interlock of the axial coupling -weans results in that the drill, string can b extracted from the hole after completed drilling.
- sealing rings 46 indicates two sealing rings that are received in surrounding grooves being provided on a circular cylindrical extension at a distal, end region of th male joint part 8.
- the sealing rings 46 constitute a sealing arrangement in this embodiment, where the female part is of a one wall type. The sealing rings contact and provide sealing co-operation
- Two meeting splines are indicated 39 and 40.
- the radius R extends through a contact region of meeting surfaces
- the angle ⁇ is great enough and preferably 45° - 90° more preferred 60° - 90° and most preferred 70° - 90° to avoid excessive wear as well as self locking tendencies in a rotational direction when th joint is subjected to rotation torque for drilling.
- Figs. 2a - c The embodiment in Figs. 2a - c is an example, wherein a considerabl al separation of fo example 100 mm is
- Figs. 3a - d is an example of forward lockin (locking during forward rotation) , wherein a smaller axial separation of for example 2 - 4 mm is possible after having established the axial locking through the axial coupling means.
- Fig. 4 shows spline ⁇ 1.2 extending on a male part 8 forming a helix angle a with respect to an axial direction. This may be advantageous in order to obtain a very slight contracting effect onto meeting drill rods as an effect of forward rotation.
- the helix angle c* must, however, be small enough such that the mutual movement between the parts is not at all restricted or leading to wear, limited working life or fatigue failure.
- the helix angle « must be so small that there is no risk of inducing any self- ocking effect between the first and second rotation torque, transfer means in order to avoid reduction of the beneficial effects of the invention. This is normally achieved when the helix angle a is between 0 C and 20°.
- the flank direction fi also forms an angle a to a cross sectional plane CP through the joint part ( ⁇ s) .
- the resulting angle of the flank direction has to be calculated considering both and 0 ,
- Figs. 5a, b and c show a variant where the splines X2 on a male part 8 are arranged with hook-like abutments 3? for preventing separation when the drill string components are rotated in one direction.
- the hook-like abutments 37 co ⁇ operate with contact surfaces 38 at ends of splines 14 inside the female part 9, which is shown partially cut, so as
- Fig. 5b shows a relative rotational position between th male and the female part constituting locked position* where the hook-like abutment 37 co-operate with contact surfaces 38.
- Pig. 5c shows a relative rotational position between the male and the female part constituting an unlocked position, where the hook-like abutments 37 are free from contact with the contact surfaces 38.
- Fig. 5d diagrammatically illustrates a further variant where the splines 12 on a male part are arranged with hooklike abutments 37 being completed with upstanding uga 51 so as to give an inverted J ⁇ shape. This prevents separation when the drill string components are relatively rotated in both directions when a corresponding lug 52 at the bottom en of each female part spline 1 is engaged in a compartment limited by the lug 51 on the male part.
- first axial security coupling means on the male part and second axial security coupling means on the female part constituting first axial security coupling means on the male part and second axial security coupling means on the female part, furthermore, and on the other hand, there is also arranged co-operating hook-like abutments and contact surfaces on protruding portions 32 and in recesses 34 constituting first and second axial engagement means oh the male and the female part respectively.
- first and second axial coupling means including axial security coupling means as well as axial engagement means
- Figs. ?a and b illustrate a variant of axial coupling means shown in Figs. 3a - d being axial security coupling means.
- this embodiment provides a seat 44 having an axial stop ⁇ not shown) for the protruding portion 32 and a rim element 45 preventing unintentional rotational movement of the protruding portion 32 and thereby rotational displacement of the joint parts.
- Fig. Ba shows an axial section
- Fig. 8b a sectioned perspective vie
- Fig, Sc a cross section of an assembled joint with the male part 8 fully inserted into the female part 9 and the. male slines 12 in engagement with the female splines 14.
- a rod-shaped element 53 extends from a. rod base 55 adjoining to the inside of the pipe-shaped part 56 of the female part .
- a rod-shaped element 53 is formed with a cup- shaped structure 54 with a cavity 57 , an opening of which facing away from th rod base.
- the cup-shaped structure 54 carries a male thread 60 being female part
- the cup- shaped structure 54 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 58 for flushing fluid.
- the rod base which extends from the rod-shaped element radially outwards to pass over to the inside of the tubular outside of the pipe- shaped part 56, is provided with a plurality of second through holes 5S: for flushing fluid..
- the male part 8 exhibits a sleeve shape and extends from a proximal region being adjoining to the evenly pipe-shaped part, of drill string component to a distal region having on its insid a female thread 61 corresponding to the male thread 60 (male part (first) axial security coupling means of the first axial coupling means ⁇ together forming the male thread 60 (male part (first) axial security coupling means of the first axial coupling means ⁇ together forming the
- inside and outside surfaces 63 and 64 of the male and the female parts respectively contribute to the alignment of the joint during operation. Furthermore, alignment of the joint is also advantageously effected through .cooperation heween radially outwardly directed surfaces: 72 on the
- abutments 37 and an inside surface 71 inside the pipe-shaped part of the female part see Pigs. 8a, 8®, 9b and 10b.
- h radially outwardly directed surfaces 72 of the abutments 3 together form an interrupted annular envelope surface.
- Ensuring proper contact between the surfaces 71 and 72 can. be arranged by having a slightly smaller inside diameter of a portion of the female part forming the inside surface 71, Ensuring proper contact between the surfaces 71 and 72 can alternativel be arranged by having a slightly larger outside diameter of the abutments ⁇ and the radially outwardly directed surfaces 72) .
- the complete female part includes a rod portion
- Th portion 56' is friction welded at 66 ' " * to a meeting surface at 66' of the continuation 56 * " to form a weld 66 of the complete female part.
- the female part is subsequently in turn friction welded to a pipe of the drill string component .
- each sline 14 there are provided contact surfaces 38 constituting female part axial engagement, means (compare 38 in Figs. 5a - c) .
- Figs. 9a and b illustrates the male part of the
- abutments 37 are arranged free from the ap.lin.es such that an annular groove can foe said to be provided
- the contact surfaces 37' are arranged for engagement in one rotational direction only with contact surfaces 38 constituting femal part axial engagement means (see Fig. 8e) . It is referred to the
- the male part is friction welded to a. pipe forming the main part of a drill string component.
- Figs. 10a and b illustrates an alternatively configured male part. From the side view i Fig. 9ta is evident that abutments 37 have contact surfaces 37 * are arranged for engagement in a first rotationa direction with contact surfaces 38 constituting female part axial engagement means ⁇ see Fig. 8e) .
- This alternatively configured male part however, has abutments 37 arranged so as to have contact surfaces 37" that are arranged for engagement also in a second rotational direction with contact surfaces 38
- Figs. I0a and b The embodiment in Figs. I0a and b is particularly applicable for a shank adapter 67, see Fig. 11, where axial security coupling means would be an obstacle because of the repeated assembly, disassembly taking place between the shank adapter and the most adjacent drill string component, 68 indicates a male part as shown and described with reference to Figs. 10a and b. 69 indicates a drillin machine end of the shank adapter and 70 indicates an inside component of a swivel . It is possible to use other means preventing rotation between interconnecteel parts besides splines as first and second rotation torque transfer means. Basically,
- interconnected parts having rotation preventing means that engage each other can be made in various conf gurations when they fulfil the requirements explained above.
- Use of splines is, however, preferred, for number of reasons such as ease of production and reliability.
- the number of splines can be adapted to the situation and if the joint parts have to be relatively rotated for achieving axial locking.
- the axial length of the splines is chosen so as to reach an acceptable surface load on th flanks of the splines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/311,754 US20170089149A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-18 | Joint and joint parts for drill string components and components |
RU2016149147A RU2687837C2 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-18 | Lock and parts of lock for components of drill string and components |
CA2947836A CA2947836A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-18 | Joint and joint parts for drill string components and components |
EP15728942.2A EP3143237B1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-18 | Joint and joint parts for drill string components |
AU2015259870A AU2015259870B2 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-18 | Joint and joint parts for drill string components |
ZA2016/07211A ZA201607211B (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2016-10-19 | Joint and joint parts for drill string components |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1450576 | 2014-05-16 | ||
SE1450576-2 | 2014-05-16 |
Publications (2)
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WO2015174920A2 true WO2015174920A2 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
WO2015174920A3 WO2015174920A3 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2015/050550 WO2015174920A2 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-18 | Joint and joint parts for drill string components and components |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170089149A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3143237B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2015259870B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2947836A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2687837C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015174920A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201607211B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20190143628A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-12-31 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Sub for Continuous Boring Having Sealing Unit |
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FR3020654B1 (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2016-05-06 | Ifp Energies Now | UPRIGHT ROD COMPRISING AN INTERNAL LOCKING RING AND A MEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE PLAY BETWEEN THE AUXILIARY TUBE ELEMENTS AND THE MAIN TUBE ELEMENTS. |
CN106837202B (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2019-09-06 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Geological prospecting double-layer drill rod and its supporting drilling tool for negative pressure coring |
CN107965274A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-04-27 | 西南石油大学 | Spline slip-type drill string coupling arrangement |
US11603752B2 (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2023-03-14 | Knjb, Inc. | Downhole ratchet mechanism and method |
CN108547580B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2024-01-12 | 卓典机器人(海口)有限公司 | Drill rod connection combination device and drill rod continuous breaking structure |
CN110043197A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-23 | 天明(南京)智能装备科技有限公司 | Interior locking type drilling rod |
CN114158270B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2023-12-08 | 贝克休斯油田作业有限责任公司 | Anti-rotation coupling for use in a downhole assembly |
CN110242228B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-01-16 | 山东兖能泰德重工有限公司 | Integral wide-wing spiral drill rod |
CN110259391B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2024-01-30 | 山西天巨重工机械有限公司 | Forward and reverse rotation large torque transmission device |
US11519227B2 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2022-12-06 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Vibration isolating coupler for reducing high frequency torsional vibrations in a drill string |
WO2021050892A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Vibration isolating coupler for reducing vibrations in a drill string |
CN111119753B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-08-31 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Drill rod male joint, automatic plug-in type spiral drill rod and construction method of automatic plug-in type spiral drill rod |
CN112576203B (en) * | 2020-10-18 | 2023-06-23 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Self-locking drilling rod capable of rotating positively and negatively |
CN112576204B (en) * | 2020-10-18 | 2023-06-23 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Ratchet type drilling rod capable of rotating positively and negatively |
CN113482547A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-10-08 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Embedded drilling rod capable of rotating forwards and backwards |
CN113833410B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2024-03-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Threaded connection type drill rod device capable of being automatically assembled and disassembled in forward and reverse rotation mode and working method |
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US5647447A (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-07-15 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Bit retention device for a bit and chuck assembly of a down-the-hole percussive drill |
DE10129064A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-19 | Hilti Ag | rock drilling |
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RU2594418C1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-08-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственное предприятие "БУРИНТЕХ" (ООО НПП "БУРИНТЕХ") | Downhole feed mechanism |
-
2015
- 2015-05-18 RU RU2016149147A patent/RU2687837C2/en active
- 2015-05-18 CA CA2947836A patent/CA2947836A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-05-18 EP EP15728942.2A patent/EP3143237B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-18 US US15/311,754 patent/US20170089149A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-05-18 WO PCT/SE2015/050550 patent/WO2015174920A2/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-18 AU AU2015259870A patent/AU2015259870B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-10-19 ZA ZA2016/07211A patent/ZA201607211B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20190143628A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-12-31 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Sub for Continuous Boring Having Sealing Unit |
KR102106500B1 (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2020-05-04 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Sub for Continuous Boring Having Sealing Unit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170089149A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
WO2015174920A3 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
CA2947836A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
EP3143237A2 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
ZA201607211B (en) | 2019-01-30 |
AU2015259870B2 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
AU2015259870A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
RU2016149147A (en) | 2018-06-19 |
RU2016149147A3 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
EP3143237C0 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
EP3143237B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
RU2687837C2 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
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