WO2015169239A1 - 一种d2d通信方法及设备 - Google Patents

一种d2d通信方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015169239A1
WO2015169239A1 PCT/CN2015/078462 CN2015078462W WO2015169239A1 WO 2015169239 A1 WO2015169239 A1 WO 2015169239A1 CN 2015078462 W CN2015078462 W CN 2015078462W WO 2015169239 A1 WO2015169239 A1 WO 2015169239A1
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Prior art keywords
preamble
contention
subchannel
area
data
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PCT/CN2015/078462
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵锐
高秋彬
陈文洪
彭莹
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电信科学技术研究院
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Priority to US15/309,646 priority Critical patent/US10285194B2/en
Priority to EP15788880.1A priority patent/EP3142447B1/en
Publication of WO2015169239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015169239A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a D2D communication method and device.
  • Device-to-device that is, the terminal-through technology, is a method in which a user equipment (UE) can transmit data through a direct link in a short-range range.
  • the central node ie, the base station
  • Out of Coverage scenario UE1 and UE2 are both out of coverage;
  • Partial coverage (Partial Coverage) scenario UE1 is within the coverage of the cell (In Coverage), and UE2 is outside the coverage of the cell;
  • UE1 and UE2 are within the coverage of different cells.
  • the UE2 When the UE1 sends the information as the sender, the UE2 receives the information sent by the UE1. Similarly, UE2 can also send information as a sender, and UE1 receives information transmitted by UE2.
  • D2D communication in addition to the one-to-one communication mode between D2D UEs, a typical application scenario includes group/broadcast communication between D2D UEs, which can be used for fire protection in public safety applications. , rescue and counter-terrorism.
  • LTE D2D technology refers to the D2D discovery and communication process controlled by the LTE network operating on the LTE licensed frequency band.
  • the advantages of D2D technology can be fully utilized, and the control of LTE network can also overcome some problems of traditional D2D technology, such as uncontrollable interference.
  • the introduction of LTE D2D features will enable LTE technology to evolve from pure wireless mobile cellular communication technology to "Universal Connectivity Technology".
  • each D2D UE follows the same principle.
  • Competitive resources for D2D transmission The method is mainly applied to a scenario where there is no central node scheduling. For example, in the scenario of the Out of Coverage, each D2D UE contends for transmission resources completely randomly, and there is no unified scheduling, thereby causing resource conflicts.
  • a D2D communication method includes:
  • the data is transmitted on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area, and the different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different children of the data area.
  • Channel set If the preamble is not monitored on the set of subchannels of the contention area, the data is transmitted on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area, and the different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different children of the data area. Channel set.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set of the contention area to compete for the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data area, and the preamble is monitored to determine whether other D2D UEs compete for the same. Subchannel resources of the data area. If the preamble is not monitored, indicating that the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data region are contending, the data is transmitted thereon. It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid resource conflicts of the D2D UE. In addition, since the resources occupied by the preamble are small, the sub-channel resources of the data area are competed by sending the preamble, which can effectively reduce the cost of resource competition.
  • the method further includes:
  • Transmitting data on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area including:
  • Data is transmitted according to the indication of the control information on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area.
  • control information includes a resource indication of the data transmission and/or a modulation coding scheme indication.
  • the preamble is sent on the subchannel set of the contention area, and the preamble is monitored on the subchannel set of the contention area, including:
  • the preamble is stopped on the transmission opportunity of the subsequent transmission state of the subchannel set of the contention zone.
  • the transmission opportunity includes a transmitting portion and a processing portion; the transmitting portion is configured to transmit a preamble; and the processing portion is configured to perform processing after listening to the preamble, and converting between receiving and transmitting.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment, including:
  • a resource competition module configured to send a preamble on a set of subchannels of the contention area, and listen to the preamble on the set of subchannels of the contention area;
  • the data sending module if the resource contention module does not listen to the preamble on the subchannel set of the contention area, the data sending module is configured to: the subchannel of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area The data is transmitted on the set, and the different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different subchannel sets of the data area.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set of the contention area to compete for the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data area, and the preamble is monitored to determine whether other D2D UEs compete for the same. Subchannel resources of the data area. If the preamble is not monitored, indicating that the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data region are contending, the data is transmitted thereon. It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid resource conflicts of the D2D UE. In addition, since the resources occupied by the preamble are small, the sub-channel resources of the data area are competed by sending the preamble, which can effectively reduce the cost of resource competition.
  • the method further includes a control information sending module, configured to:
  • the data sending module is used to:
  • Data is transmitted according to the indication of the control information on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area.
  • the resource contention module is configured to:
  • the resource contention module is further configured to: if the preamble is monitored on the transmission opportunity of the silent state of the subchannel set of the contention zone, stopping the subsequent transmission state of the subchannel set in the contention zone The preamble is sent on the sending opportunity.
  • the transmission opportunity includes a transmitting portion and a processing portion; the transmitting portion is configured to transmit a preamble; and the processing portion is configured to perform processing after listening to the preamble, and converting between receiving and transmitting.
  • control information includes a resource indication of the data transmission and/or a modulation coding scheme indication.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment, including:
  • a processor configured to execute a computer program that transmits a preamble on a set of subchannels of a contention zone and listens to the preamble on the set of subchannels of the contention zone;
  • the preamble is not monitored on the set of subchannels, and the data is transmitted on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area, and the different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different subchannel sets of the data area;
  • a memory configured to hold code of the above computer program.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set of the contention area to compete for the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data area, and the preamble is monitored to determine whether other D2D UEs compete for the same. Subchannel resources of the data area. If the preamble is not monitored, indicating that the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data region are contending, the data is transmitted thereon. It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid resource conflicts of the D2D UE. In addition, since the resources occupied by the preamble are small, the sub-channel resources of the data area are competed by sending the preamble, which can effectively reduce the cost of resource competition.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a subchannel correspondence relationship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3a is a schematic diagram of a subchannel for transmitting control information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of another subchannel for transmitting control information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of resource competition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an on/off state of a transmission opportunity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another resource competition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a transmission opportunity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of another transmission opportunity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7c is a schematic diagram of another transmission opportunity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Advanced Long Term Evolution
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • the user equipment includes but is not limited to a mobile station (Mobile Station, MS), a mobile terminal (Mobile Terminal), a mobile phone (Mobile Telephone), a mobile phone (handset). And portable devices, etc., the user equipment can communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN), for example, the user equipment can be a mobile phone (or "cellular"
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • the user equipment can be a mobile phone (or "cellular"
  • the telephone device, the computer with wireless communication function, etc., the user equipment can also be a mobile device that is portable, pocket-sized, handheld, built-in, or in-vehicle.
  • the D2D communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following operations:
  • Step 100 Send a preamble on the subchannel set of the contention area, and listen to the preamble on the subchannel set of the contention area.
  • the preamble sent by other D2D UEs is monitored.
  • the preamble can be monitored by means of energy detection, or the preamble can be monitored by means of sequence correlation detection.
  • Step 110 If no preamble is detected on the foregoing subchannel set of the contention area, the data is sent on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area.
  • the set of subchannels includes at least one subchannel.
  • different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different subchannel sets of the data area.
  • the subchannels of the contention area are in one-to-one correspondence with the subchannels of the data area.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set of the contention area to compete for the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data area, and the preamble is monitored to determine whether other D2D UEs compete for the same. Subchannel resources of the data area. If the preamble is not monitored, indicating that the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data region are contending, the data is transmitted thereon. It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid resource conflicts of the D2D UE. In addition, since the resources occupied by the preamble are small, the sub-channel resources of the data area are competed by sending the preamble, which can effectively reduce the cost of resource competition.
  • the D2D resource includes a contention area and a data area.
  • the contention area is used to transmit a preamble to compete for subchannel resources of the data area, and the data area is used to transmit data.
  • the contention area and the data area are time division multiplexed (TDM).
  • TDM time division multiplexed
  • FDM frequency division multiplexed
  • the D2D resource may further include a control area.
  • the control area is used to transmit control information for indicating the transmission of data.
  • the different subchannel sets of the competition area correspond to the subchannel sets of different control areas. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the subchannels of the contention area are in one-to-one correspondence with the subchannels of the control area. In Fig. 2, arrows indicate the correspondence between the control area, the data area, and the contention area. It should be noted that the correspondence shown in FIG. 2 is only an example and not a limitation.
  • control area is time division multiplexed with the contention area and the data area.
  • frequency division multiplexing can also be used.
  • control information is first sent on all or part of the subchannels of the subchannel set of the control region corresponding to the foregoing subchannel set of the contention region, and then the subchannels in the contention region are On the set of subchannels of the corresponding data area, the data is transmitted in accordance with the instruction of the above control information.
  • control information includes a resource indication of the data transmission and/or a modulation coding scheme indication.
  • the preamble is transmitted on each subchannel of the subchannel set of the contention area corresponding to the subchannel set in which the data area needs to transmit data.
  • the control information may be sent on each subchannel of the subchannel set of the control region corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention region of the preamble, as shown in FIG. 3a; or in the contention region of the preamble.
  • the control information is transmitted on a part of the subchannels (subsets) in the subchannel set of the control region corresponding to the channel set, as shown in FIG. 3b.
  • the contention area includes multiple transmission opportunities, and the status of the transmission opportunity is a silent state and a transmission state.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the transmission opportunity of the transmission state of the foregoing subchannel set in the contention zone, and the preamble is monitored on the transmission opportunity of the silence state of the subchannel set of the contention zone.
  • the status of each transmission opportunity of the contention area is random. For example, the D2D UE randomly generates an on/off pattern indicating the status of each transmission opportunity of the contention area.
  • the UE1 transmits the preamble on the transmission opportunity in the on state according to the instruction of the randomly generated on/off pattern, and listens to the preamble on the transmission opportunity in the off state. If the UE1 does not listen to the preamble on the subchannel of the contention area, the UE transmits the control information on the subchannel corresponding to the control area, and sends the data on the subchannel corresponding to the data area according to the indication of the control information.
  • the preamble is monitored on the transmission opportunity of the silent state of the above-mentioned subchannel set in the contention area, the preamble is stopped on the transmission opportunity of the subsequent transmission state of the subchannel set in the contention area.
  • UE1 and UE2 transmit a preamble on the same subchannel of the contention area, and each transmission opportunity state of the subchannel indicated by the on/off pattern randomly generated by UE1 and UE2 is as shown in FIG. 5.
  • UE1 monitors the preamble transmitted by UE1 in the second transmission opportunity, and then stops the subsequent transmission opportunity (3rd to 6th transmission opportunity) of the contention area to send the preamble, and UE1 contends to the subchannel resource corresponding to the data area.
  • the subchannel corresponding to the control channel is sent
  • the control information is sent, and the data is transmitted on the corresponding subchannel of the data area according to the indication of the control information.
  • the D2D UE listens to the preamble only on each subchannel of the subchannel set of the preamble transmitting the preamble.
  • UE1 and UE2 compete for resources of different sets of subchannels.
  • the UE1 sends a preamble on the subchannel set S1 of the control area (as shown in FIG. 6 , it can be understood that the UE1 transmits a preamble on the subchannel set S1 of the contention area corresponding to the control area), and the UE2 is in the control area.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set S2 (as shown in FIG.
  • the UE2 transmits the preamble on the subchannel set S2 of the contention area corresponding to the control area), as shown in FIG. 6, S2 is a subset of S1. .
  • UE1 only listens to the preamble on S1, and UE2 only listens to the preamble on S2.
  • UE1 listens to the preamble at the 4th transmission opportunity, it stops transmitting the preamble on S1.
  • the transmission opportunity may include a transmitting portion and a processing portion.
  • the transmitting part is used to transmit the preamble.
  • the processing part also known as the Guard Period (GP), is used to process the preamble after it is monitored.
  • the processing portion also includes the time for transceiving the conversion for conversion between reception and transmission. Specifically, the conversion between the receiver and the transmitter.
  • processing specifically refers to performing energy detection or sequence correlation detection.
  • the transmitting part and the processing part are included in the transmission opportunity, so that the D2D UE that needs to contend for the resource can judge whether the preamble is monitored in the previous transmission opportunity before the next transmission opportunity.
  • the transmitting part and the processing part of the transmission opportunity are time-division multiplexed, and the specific positional relationship is as shown in FIG. 7a, FIG. 7b and FIG. 7c.
  • the transmission opportunity may be Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol granularity.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the length of the preamble sequence is one OFDM symbol, assuming that the length of the GP is 1 OFDM symbol, the length of the transmission opportunity may be 2 OFDM symbols.
  • the preamble sequence can adopt a manner similar to the DMRS sequence in the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).
  • PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
  • the length of the preamble sequence is half an OFDM symbol, assuming that the length of the GP is half an OFDM symbol, the length of the transmission opportunity may be 1 OFDM symbol.
  • the preamble sequence can be fixed to an even subcarrier or fixed to an odd subcarrier in a manner similar to SRS.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment, as shown in FIG.
  • the resource competition module 801 is configured to send a preamble on the set of subchannels of the contention area, and listen to the preamble on the set of subchannels of the contention area;
  • the data sending module 802 is configured to: if the resource contention module does not listen to the preamble on the set of subchannels of the contention area, the data sending module is configured to: the child of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set in the contention area The data is transmitted on the channel set, and the different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different subchannel sets of the data area.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set of the contention area to compete for the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data area, and the preamble is monitored to determine whether other D2D UEs compete for the same. Subchannel resources of the data area. If the preamble is not monitored, it indicates that the content is competing for the corresponding data area. The resources of the subchannel set are then sent on it. It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid resource conflicts of the D2D UE. In addition, since the resources occupied by the preamble are small, the sub-channel resources of the data area are competed by sending the preamble, which can effectively reduce the cost of resource competition.
  • the method further includes a control information sending module, configured to:
  • the data sending module is used to:
  • Data is transmitted according to the indication of the control information on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area.
  • the resource contention module is used to:
  • the resource contention module is further configured to: if the preamble is monitored on the transmission opportunity of the silent state of the subchannel set of the contention zone, stopping the subsequent transmission state of the subchannel set in the contention zone The preamble is sent on the sending opportunity.
  • the transmission opportunity includes a transmitting portion and a processing portion; the transmitting portion is configured to transmit a preamble; and the processing portion is configured to perform processing after listening to the preamble, and converting between receiving and transmitting.
  • control information includes a resource indication of the data transmission and/or a modulation coding scheme indication.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment, as shown in FIG. 9, including:
  • a processor 901 configured to execute a computer program that transmits a preamble on a set of subchannels of a contention zone and listens to the preamble on the set of subchannels of the contention zone; if in a contention zone The preamble is not monitored on the set of subchannels, and the data is transmitted on the subchannel set of the data area corresponding to the subchannel set of the contention area, and the different subchannel sets of the contention area correspond to different subchannel sets of the data area;
  • a memory 902 is configured to store the code of the computer program described above.
  • the preamble is transmitted on the subchannel set of the contention area to compete for the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data area, and the preamble is monitored to determine whether other D2D UEs compete for the same. Subchannel resources of the data area. If the preamble is not monitored, indicating that the resources of the subchannel set of the corresponding data region are contending, the data is transmitted thereon. It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid resource conflicts of the D2D UE. In addition, since the resources occupied by the preamble are small, the sub-channel resources of the data area are competed by sending the preamble, which can effectively reduce the cost of resource competition.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • the present invention can be implemented in an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or in combination with software and hardware.
  • the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种D2D通信方法及设备。其方法包括：在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域不同的的子信道集合。本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。

Description

一种D2D通信方法及设备
本申请要求在2014年05月09日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410196036.1、发明名称为“一种D2D通信方法及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种D2D通信方法及设备。
背景技术
设备到设备(Device-to-Device，D2D)，即终端直通技术，是指邻近的用户设备(User Equipment，UE)可以在近距离范围内通过直连链路进行数据传输的方式，不需要通过中心节点(即基站)进行转发。
在D2D的研究中，主要考虑的场景有如下四种，各个场景可以组合出现：
覆盖范围外(Out of Coverage)的场景：UE1和UE2均在覆盖范围外；
部分覆盖(Partial Coverage)的场景：UE1在小区的覆盖范围内(In Coverage)，UE2在小区的覆盖范围外；
单小区覆盖(In Coverage-Single-Cell)的场景：UE1和UE2在同一小区的覆盖范围内；
多小区覆盖(In Coverage-Multi-Cell)的场景：UE1和UE2在不同小区的覆盖范围内。
其中，当UE1作为发送方发送信息时，UE2接收UE1发送的信息。同样，UE2也可以作为发送方发送信息，UE1接收UE2发送的信息。
在D2D的通信中，除了D2D UE之间的一对一的通信方式之外，典型的应用场景还包括D2D UE之间进行群组/广播通信，这种场景可以用于公共安全应用中的消防、救援和反恐等。
长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)D2D技术是指工作在LTE授权频段上的受LTE网络控制的D2D发现和通信过程。一方面可以充分发挥D2D技术的优势，同时LTE网络的控制也可以克服传统D2D技术的一些问题，例如干扰不可控等。LTE D2D特性的引入将使LTE技术从单纯的无线移动蜂窝通信技术向着“通用连接技术”(Universal Connectivity Technology)的方向演进。
在LTE D2D传输中，一种基于竞争的资源分配方法是：各个D2D UE按照相同的原则 竞争资源进行D2D传输。该方法主要应用于没有中心节点调度的场景，例如上述Out of Coverage的场景，各个D2D UE完全随机地竞争传输资源，没有统一调度，从而导致资源冲突。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种D2D通信方法及用户设备，以解决现有的D2D通信过程中的资源竞争方式导致资源冲突的问题。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种D2D通信方法，包括：
在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；
如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码来竞争对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，并通过监听前导码的方式确定是否有其他D2D UE竞争相同的数据区域的子信道资源。如果没有监听到前导码，表明竞争到对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，则在其上发送数据。可见，本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。
较佳地，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据之前，该方法还包括：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的全部或部分子信道上发送控制信息；
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，包括：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上，按照所述控制信息的指示发送数据。
较佳地，所述控制信息中包括数据传输的资源指示和/或调制编码方案指示。
基于上述任意方法实施例，较佳地，在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码，包括：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码，竞争区域包括多个发送机会，每个发送机会处于静默状态或发送状态；
并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听前导码。
较佳地，如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听到前导码，停止在竞争区域的所述子信道集合后续的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码。
较佳地，所述发送机会包括发送部分和处理部分；所述发送部分用于发送前导码；所述处理部分用于在监听到前导码后进行处理，以及接收与发送之间的转换。
基于与方法同样的发明构思，本发明实施例还提供一种用户设备，包括：
资源竞争模块，用于在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；
数据发送模块，如果所述资源竞争模块在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，所述数据发送模块用于：在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码来竞争对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，并通过监听前导码的方式确定是否有其他D2D UE竞争相同的数据区域的子信道资源。如果没有监听到前导码，表明竞争到对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，则在其上发送数据。可见，本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。
较佳地，还包括控制信息发送模块，用于：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的全部或部分子信道上发送控制信息；
所述数据发送模块用于：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上，按照所述控制信息的指示发送数据。
基于上述任意用户设备实施例，较佳地，所述资源竞争模块用于：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码，竞争区域包括多个发送机会，每个发送机会处于静默状态或发送状态；
并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听前导码。
较佳地，所述资源竞争模块还用于：如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听到前导码，停止在竞争区域的所述子信道集合后续的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码。
较佳地，所述发送机会包括发送部分和处理部分；所述发送部分用于发送前导码；所述处理部分用于在监听到前导码后进行处理，以及接收与发送之间的转换。
较佳地，所述控制信息中包括数据传输的资源指示和/或调制编码方案指示。
基于与方法同样的发明构思，本发明实施例还提供一种用户设备，包括：
处理器，该处理器被配置为执行具备下列功能的计算机程序：在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合；
存储器，该存储器被配置为保存上述计算机程序的代码。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码来竞争对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，并通过监听前导码的方式确定是否有其他D2D UE竞争相同的数据区域的子信道资源。如果没有监听到前导码，表明竞争到对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，则在其上发送数据。可见，本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的方法流程图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的子信道对应关系示意图；
图3a为本发明实施例提供的一种发送控制信息的子信道示意图；
图3b为本发明实施例提供的另一种发送控制信息的子信道示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种资源竞争示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的发送机会的on/off状态示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种资源竞争示意图；
图7a为本发明实施例提供的一种发送机会示意图；
图7b为本发明实施例提供的另一种发送机会示意图；
图7c为本发明实施例提供的另一种发送机会示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的另一种用户设备示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应理解，本发明的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、先进的长期演进(Advanced long term evolution，LTE-A)系统、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System，UMTS)等。
还应理解，在本发明实施例中，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)包括但不限于移动台(Mobile Station，MS)、移动终端(Mobile Terminal)、移动电话(Mobile Telephone)、手机(handset)及便携设备(portable equipment)等，该用户设备可以经无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信，例如，用户设备可以是移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)、具有无线通信功能的计算机等，用户设备还可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置。
下面将结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的技术方案进行详细说明。
本发明实施例提供的D2D通信方法如图1所示，具体包括如下操作：
步骤100、在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码(preamble)，并在竞争区域的该子信道集合上监听前导码。
其中，监听的是其他D2D UE发送的前导码。
其中，既可以通过能量检测的方式监听前导码，也可以通过序列相关检测的方式监听前导码。
步骤110、如果在竞争区域的上述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，在竞争区域的该子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据。
本发明实施例中，子信道集合包括至少一个子信道。
本发明实施例中，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合。较佳地，竞争区域的子信道与数据区域的子信道一一对应。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码来竞争对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，并通过监听前导码的方式确定是否有其他D2D UE竞争相同的数据区域的子信道资源。如果没有监听到前导码，表明竞争到对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，则在其上发送数据。可见，本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。
如上所述，本发明实施例中，D2D资源包括竞争区域和数据区域。其中，竞争区域用于传输前导码以竞争数据区域的子信道资源，数据区域用于传输数据。优选的，竞争区域与数据区域之间时分复用(Time Division Multiplex,TDM)。当然，竞争区域与数据区域之 间也可以频分复用(Frequency Division Multiplex,FDM)。
进一步的，D2D资源还可以包括控制区域。控制区域用于传输控制信息，该控制信息用于指示数据的发送。竞争区域不同子信道集合对应不同的控制区域的子信道集合。即图2所示，竞争区域的子信道与控制区域的子信道一一对应。图2中，箭头表示了控制区域、数据区域与竞争区域的对应关系。应当指出的是，图2所示的对应关系仅是一种举例，而非限定。
优选的，控制区域与竞争区域、数据区域之间时分复用。当然，也可以频分复用。相应的，在竞争到数据区域的子信道集合后，先在竞争区域的上述子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的全部或部分子信道上发送控制信息，然后在竞争区域的上述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上，按照上述控制信息的指示发送数据。
较佳地，控制信息中包括数据传输的资源指示和/或调制编码方案指示。
数据传输中由于不同业务需求，需要考虑数据区域的子信道聚合，即通过至少两个子信道传输数据。那么，在数据区域需要传输数据的子信道集合对应的竞争区域的子信道集合的每个子信道上发送前导码。在控制区域，可以在发送前导码的竞争区域的子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的各个子信道上发送控制信息，如图3a所示；也可以在发送前导码的竞争区域的子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合中的部分子信道(子集)上发送控制信息，如图3b所示。
基于上述任意实施例，较佳地，竞争区域包括多个发送机会，发送机会的状态有静默状态和发送状态两种。具体的，在竞争区域的上述子信道集合的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的上述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听前导码。其中，对于每个D2D UE，竞争区域的各个发送机会的状态是随机的。例如，D2D UE随机生成发送(on)/静默(off)图样(pattern)，该on/off pattern指示了竞争区域的各个发送机会的状态。
例如，在图4所示的竞争区域的子信道上，UE1按照随机生成的on/off pattern的指示，在on状态的发送机会上发送前导码，在off状态的发送机会上监听前导码。UE1在竞争区域的该子信道上没有监听到前导码，则在控制区域对应的子信道上发送控制信息，并根据控制信息的指示在数据区域对应的子信道上发送数据。
进一步的，如果在竞争区域的上述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听到前导码，停止在竞争区域的该子信道集合后续的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码。
例如，UE1和UE2在竞争区域相同的子信道上发送前导码，UE1、UE2分别随机生成的on/off pattern指示的该子信道的各个发送机会状态如图5所示。UE2在第二个发送机会中监听到UE1发送的前导码，则停止该竞争区域的后续发送机会(第3～6个发送机会)发送前导码，UE1竞争到数据区域对应的子信道资源，在控制信道对应的子信道上发 送控制信息，并根据控制信息的指示，在数据区域的对应子信道上发送数据。
本发明实施例中，较佳地，D2D UE仅在竞争区域发送前导码的子信道集合的各个子信道上监听前导码。例如，UE1和UE2竞争不同子信道集合的资源。其中，UE1在控制区域的子信道集合S1上发送前导码(如图6所示，可以理解为：UE1在控制区域对应的竞争区域的子信道集合S1上发送前导码)，UE2在控制区域的子信道集合S2上发送前导码(如图6所示，可以理解为：UE2在控制区域对应的竞争区域的子信道集合S2上发送前导码)，如图6所示，S2是S1的子集。相应的，UE1仅在S1上监听前导码，UE2仅在S2上监听前导码。UE1在第4个发送机会监听到前导码，则停止在S1上发送前导码。
较佳地，发送机会可以包括发送部分和处理部分。发送部分用于发送前导码。处理部分又称保护间隔(Guard Period，GP)，用于在监听到前导码后进行处理。处理部分还包括收发转换的时间，用于接收与发送之间的转换。具体是收信机与发信机的转换。
其中，进行处理具体是指进行能量检测或者序列相关的检测。
在发送机会中包括发送部分和处理部分，使得需要竞争资源的D2D UE在下一次发送机会之前可以判断前一个发送机会中是否监听到前导码。
优选的，发送机会的发送部分和处理部分之间时分复用，具体位置关系如图7a、图7b和图7c所示。
本发明实施例中，发送机会可以是正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号粒度的。
如果preamble序列的长度为一个OFDM符号，假定GP的长度为1个OFDM符号，则发送机会的长度可以是2个OFDM符号。相应的，preamble序列可以采用类似于物理上行共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，PUSCH)中的DMRS序列的方式。
如果preamble序列的长度为半个OFDM符号，假定GP的长度为半个OFDM符号，则发送机会的长度可以是1个OFDM符号。相应的，preamble序列可以采用类似于SRS的方式，固定为偶数子载波或者固定为奇数子载波。
基于与方法同样的发明构思，本发明实施例还提供一种用户设备，如图8所示，包括：
资源竞争模块801，用于在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；
数据发送模块802，如果所述资源竞争模块在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，所述数据发送模块用于：在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码来竞争对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，并通过监听前导码的方式确定是否有其他D2D UE竞争相同的数据区域的子信道资源。如果没有监听到前导码，表明竞争到对应的数据区域的 子信道集合的资源，则在其上发送数据。可见，本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。
较佳地，还包括控制信息发送模块，用于：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的全部或部分子信道上发送控制信息；
所述数据发送模块用于：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上，按照所述控制信息的指示发送数据。
较佳地，所述资源竞争模块用于：
在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码，竞争区域包括多个发送机会，每个发送机会处于静默状态或发送状态；
并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听前导码。
较佳地，所述资源竞争模块还用于：如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听到前导码，停止在竞争区域的所述子信道集合后续的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码。
较佳地，所述发送机会包括发送部分和处理部分；所述发送部分用于发送前导码；所述处理部分用于在监听到前导码后进行处理，以及接收与发送之间的转换。
较佳地，所述控制信息中包括数据传输的资源指示和/或调制编码方案指示。
基于与方法同样的发明构思，本发明实施例还提供一种用户设备，如图9所示，包括：
处理器901，该处理器901被配置为执行具备下列功能的计算机程序：在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合；
存储器902，该存储器902被配置为保存上述计算机程序的代码。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码来竞争对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，并通过监听前导码的方式确定是否有其他D2D UE竞争相同的数据区域的子信道资源。如果没有监听到前导码，表明竞争到对应的数据区域的子信道集合的资源，则在其上发送数据。可见，本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以有效避免D2D UE的资源冲突。另外，由于前导码占用的资源较小，通过发送前导码的方式竞争数据区域的子信道资源，可以有效减小资源竞争的开销。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实 施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种设备到设备D2D通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；
    如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据之前，该方法还包括：
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的全部或部分子信道上发送控制信息；
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上发送数据，包括：
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上，按照所述控制信息的指示发送数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码，包括：
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码，竞争区域包括多个发送机会，每个发送机会处于静默状态或发送状态；
    并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听前导码。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听到前导码，停止在竞争区域的所述子信道集合后续的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送机会包括发送部分和处理部分；所述发送部分用于发送前导码；所述处理部分用于在监听到前导码后进行处理，以及接收与发送之间的转换。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制信息中包括数据传输的资源指示和/或调制编码方案指示。
  7. 一种用户设备，其特征在于，包括：
    资源竞争模块，用于在竞争区域的子信道集合上发送前导码，并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上监听前导码；
    数据发送模块，如果所述资源竞争模块在竞争区域的所述子信道集合上没有监听到前导码，所述数据发送模块用于：在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集 合上发送数据，竞争区域不同子信道集合对应数据区域的不同子信道集合。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用户设备，其特征在于，还包括控制信息发送模块，用于：
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的控制区域的子信道集合的全部或部分子信道上发送控制信息；
    所述数据发送模块用于：
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合对应的数据区域的子信道集合上，按照所述控制信息的指示发送数据。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述资源竞争模块用于：
    在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码，竞争区域包括多个发送机会，每个发送机会处于静默状态或发送状态；
    并在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听前导码。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述资源竞争模块还用于：如果在竞争区域的所述子信道集合的静默状态的发送机会上监听到前导码，停止在竞争区域的所述子信道集合后续的发送状态的发送机会上发送前导码。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述发送机会包括发送部分和处理部分；所述发送部分用于发送前导码；所述处理部分用于在监听到前导码后进行处理，以及接收与发送之间的转换。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述控制信息中包括数据传输的资源指示和/或调制编码方案指示。
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