WO2015163583A1 - 태양광발전 시스템 - Google Patents

태양광발전 시스템 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015163583A1
WO2015163583A1 PCT/KR2015/002695 KR2015002695W WO2015163583A1 WO 2015163583 A1 WO2015163583 A1 WO 2015163583A1 KR 2015002695 W KR2015002695 W KR 2015002695W WO 2015163583 A1 WO2015163583 A1 WO 2015163583A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
string
mode
unit
power
value
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2015/002695
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English (en)
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김병철
정채봉
장성택
김민석
박연민
Original Assignee
(주) 에이비엠그린텍
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Application filed by (주) 에이비엠그린텍 filed Critical (주) 에이비엠그린텍
Priority to DE112015001945.6T priority Critical patent/DE112015001945T5/de
Publication of WO2015163583A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015163583A1/ko

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system, and more particularly, string type mode by determining a weather situation and system failure through a pattern of a value of monitoring a photovoltaic power generation site (string output value or sensing value of an environmental sensor).
  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system capable of inducing an optimum inverter efficiency for each situation by switching to one of parallel mode and subarray mode.
  • solar cells convert energy from sunlight into electrical energy and generate electricity using two types of semiconductors, a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor.
  • solar cells are connected in series and parallel as necessary to make a structure that can withstand the natural environment and a certain external shock, where the solar cell is the minimum unit for generating electricity, the solar cell module is the minimum to produce electricity As a unit, a plurality of solar cells are connected in series and in parallel, and are generally used after being standardized.
  • the solar cell module produces and converts the DC power to usable AC power, and various string configurations to induce maximum conversion efficiency according to the characteristics of the local environment. This is possible.
  • strings and multiple inverters to increase system efficiency and simplify circuits.
  • strings and multiple inverters suitable for photovoltaic power generation situations are shown in FIG. 1.
  • the circuit composition method of is derived.
  • a circuit configuration method of a string and an inverter suitable for the environment is divided into a centralized type, a subarray type, a parallel type, a string type configuration method, and each of the advantages is derived according to the configuration method. Although it is possible to provide the configuration method at the same time.
  • the micro-inverter type circuit configuration method can be operated independently by connecting the micro-inverter directly to the solar cell module without string generation, and has high efficiency and freedom of configuration, but it is still economical due to the high cost of the micro-inverter. Difficult to secure problems arise.
  • the weather situation and system through the pattern of the monitoring value of the photovoltaic field (string output value or sensing value of the environmental sensor) It is proposed a technology that induces the maximum inverter efficiency in each situation by determining the failure and switching to one of the string mode, the parallel mode, and the sub-array mode.
  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system, and more particularly, string type mode by determining a weather situation and system failure through a pattern of a value of monitoring a photovoltaic power generation site (string output value or sensing value of an environmental sensor).
  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system capable of inducing an optimum inverter efficiency for each situation by switching to one of parallel mode and subarray mode.
  • the string unit 100 composed of a plurality of strings composed of a plurality of solar cell modules 110;
  • a first switch unit 200 including one or more switches 210a to 210n for electrically connecting or disconnecting each string according to an on / off signal of the mode variable control means;
  • the second switch unit 300 including one or more switches 310a to 310n to provide or cut off the generated power provided from each string according to the on / off signal of the mode variable control means. ;
  • An inverter unit 700 including a plurality of inverters for converting the generated power provided from the string unit into AC power and supplying the generated power to a power system or a load;
  • Each of the first switch unit is configured to determine the optimum mode of the current photovoltaic field situation by comparing the standard deviation threshold value of the string power and the average threshold value of the string power for switching to any one of the subarray type modes.
  • the present invention has the following effects.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention by determining the weather conditions and system failure through the pattern of the value of monitoring the photovoltaic field (string output value or sensing value of the environmental sensor), string type mode, parallel mode, By switching to any one of the subarray type modes, the maximum inverter conversion efficiency for each situation is induced.
  • 1 is a diagram illustrating the advantages of various string-inverter configurations.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mode variable operation of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of the mode variable control means of the photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a mode classification diagram according to the representative value of the photovoltaic power generation site situation of the photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary view showing a criterion parameter of the mode selection of the photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a switch connection diagram in the sub-array mode of the photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a switch connection diagram in the string mode
  • Figure 9 is a parallel mode Switch connection diagram.
  • String unit 100 consisting of a plurality of strings consisting of a plurality of solar cell module 110;
  • a first switch unit 200 including one or more switches 210a to 210n for electrically connecting or disconnecting each string according to an on / off signal of the mode variable control means;
  • Each of the first switch unit is configured to determine the optimum mode of the current photovoltaic field situation by comparing the standard deviation threshold value of the string power and the average threshold value of the string power for switching to any one of the subarray type modes.
  • a mode variable control means 500 for varying modes by providing an on / off signal for each switch of the switch and providing an on / off signal for each switch constituting the second switch unit.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mode variable operation of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system of the present invention has a configuration in which the system is switched to an optimal mode according to a change in power generation amount due to environmental changes, and is operated by variably connecting a plurality of inverters.
  • the string type is clear according to the weather conditions such as sunny weather, cloudy / rain, partial shadowing, solar cell module / inverter failure, etc.
  • the parallel type is a blurring / non-state with a low output string through intensive inverter control
  • the subarray type is a partial shaded state with a partial low output string through split inverter control
  • control is performed to block the failed string and the inverter.
  • FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system includes a string unit 100 including a plurality of strings, a first switch unit 200, a second switch unit 300, a mode variable control means 500, and a plurality of string units. It is configured to include an inverter unit 700 configured as an inverter.
  • the string part 100 is composed of a plurality of strings (1 ⁇ n), consisting of a plurality of solar cell module 110, and is connected to each inverter part consisting of a plurality of inverters.
  • the first string is connected to the first inverter and the second string is connected to the second inverter.
  • the switch units are controlled on / off by the mode variable control means.
  • the first switch unit 200 is configured to include one or more switches (210a ⁇ 210n) for electrically connecting or disconnecting each string in accordance with the on / off signal of the mode variable control means.
  • the string units have a parallel connection configuration.
  • the second switch unit 300 includes one or more switches 310a to 310n to provide or cut off the generated power provided from each string according to the on / off signal of the mode variable control means to each inverter. Will be constructed.
  • the string part and the inverter part are configured between the string part and the inverter part to perform power supply or interruption by turning on / off.
  • the string part and the inverter part have a series connection configuration.
  • the inverter unit 700 is composed of a plurality of inverters to convert the generated power provided from each string to AC power to supply to the power system or load.
  • the mode variable control means 500 which is the core configuration of the present invention, the standard deviation value and the average value are calculated using the power values of each string calculated by monitoring the ammeter and the voltmeter installed in each string of the string part.
  • the reference value is compared with the standard deviation threshold value of the string power and the average threshold value of the string power for switching to the representative value and one of the preset string type mode, parallel mode, and subarray mode.
  • the on / off signal is provided for each switch constituting the first switch unit by determining a mode suitable for the current generation situation of the photovoltaic system, and the on / off signal is provided for each switch constituting the second switch unit. To change the mode.
  • the on / off control of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is performed to be changed to the string mode.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the mode variable control means of the photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mode variable control means 500 of the present invention includes a monitoring unit 510, a database unit 520, a current status determination unit 530, and a mode switching processing unit 540. .
  • the monitoring unit 510 calculates the standard deviation value and the average value using the power value of each string calculated by monitoring the ammeter and voltmeter installed in each string of the string part, and designates it as a representative value of the photovoltaic field situation. Will be stored in.
  • the mode classification diagram according to the representative value of each photovoltaic field situation is illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the A mode is a mode for operating in a string type configuration (string output normal, sunny weather). This mode is defined as string type mode, and B mode refers to the mode of operation in parallel configuration (string output normal, weather blur), and this is defined as parallel mode, and C mode is subarray configuration (string output). Abnormal, shadow or string failure), and it is defined as subarray mode.
  • the mode variable control means determines the meteorological situation and system failure through the pattern of the monitoring value of the photovoltaic power generation site (string output value or sensing value of the environmental sensor) to switch to the optimum mode for each situation.
  • the situation is divided into two modes.
  • the standard deviation of the string power is high, it will be converted to C mode. If the standard deviation of the string power is low, it will be judged with the average value of the string power. If the average value is high, it will be converted to A mode. Will be.
  • the database unit 520 may include a standard deviation threshold value of string power, an average threshold value of string power, external environment information, and string power of a string mode, a parallel mode, and a subarray mode. The standard deviation value and the average value of the string power are stored.
  • the current situation determination unit 530 extracts the standard deviation value information from the database unit and compares the standard deviation threshold value information and the extracted standard deviation value information to determine the normal / abnormal string output, in case of abnormal string output Sub-array mode (C mode) is selected.
  • C mode abnormal string output Sub-array mode
  • the average value information is extracted from the database unit, and the average threshold information is compared with the average value information. If the average value information is higher than the average threshold value, the string type mode is selected.
  • the mode switching processing unit is to provide the selected mode information.
  • the mode switching processing unit 540 is divided into an upper group and a lower group according to a string power situation, and each of them is configured as a string type mode or a parallel mode independently. In order to provide an on / off signal for each switch constituting the first switch unit and the second switch unit.
  • each inverter unit provides the ON signal for each switch constituting the first switch unit and the second switch unit to independently perform the MPPT control, and in the parallel mode, the string power is provided.
  • the on / off signal is provided for each switch constituting the first switch unit and the second switch unit so as to be sequentially operated from the inverter unit having low usage.
  • the monitoring unit 510 is configured to include at least one module of the representative value designation module 511, the external environment information processing module 512.
  • the representative value designation module 511 obtains a power value of each string calculated by monitoring an ammeter and a voltmeter installed in each string of the string part, calculates a standard deviation value and an average value in real time, and represents the representative value of the photovoltaic generation site situation. To be specified.
  • the first current situation representative value is designated as the string power standard deviation value
  • the second current situation representative value is designated as the string power average value, thereby determining the power generation situation of the current string unit divided as shown in FIG. Is to select a mode.
  • the external environment information processing module 512 acquires a sensor value measured from an external environment sensor and stores the sensor value in a database unit.
  • the database unit 520 is configured to include at least one module of the standard deviation threshold value derivation module 521, the average threshold value derivation module 522, and the database module 523.
  • the standard deviation threshold value derivation module 521 obtains a string power standard deviation threshold value for determining whether the string output is normal through power conversion efficiency information of the string type, parallel mode, and subarray modes for each string power standard deviation value. Derivation,
  • the average threshold value deriving module 522 determines a string power average threshold value by determining the strength of the string output based on the power conversion efficiency information of the string type mode and the parallel mode for each string power average value.
  • the database module 523 is the string power standard deviation threshold value derived by the standard deviation threshold value extracting unit and the string power standard deviation threshold value derived from the mean threshold value extracting unit, external environment information, and string power standard. The average value of the deviation value and the string power is stored.
  • a criterion for determining whether the string output is normal is a string power standard deviation threshold value
  • a criterion for determining the strength of the string output is a string power average threshold value
  • the standard deviation threshold value derivation module determines a string power standard deviation threshold value to determine whether the string output is normal through system power conversion efficiency of each mode (A mode, B mode, and C mode) for each string power standard deviation value. Derived is stored in the database module.
  • the average threshold value deriving module determines the strength of the string output through the system power conversion efficiency of each mode (A mode and B mode) for each string power average to derive the string power average threshold value and store it in the database module. do.
  • the current situation determination unit 530 includes a standard deviation comparison determination module 531, an average comparison determination module 532, and a selection mode information providing module 533.
  • the standard deviation comparison determination module 531 extracts the standard deviation value information from the database unit, compares the standard deviation threshold value information with the standard deviation value information, and determines the normal / abnormal string output. Mode (C mode) is selected.
  • the average comparison determination module 532 extracts the average value information from the database unit in the case of the normal deviation output and compares the average value with the average threshold information when the average deviation information is higher than the average threshold value. Select type mode (A mode), and if low, select parallel mode (B mode).
  • the selection mode information providing module 533 acquires the mode information selected from any one of the standard deviation comparison determination module and the average comparison determination module to provide the selected mode information to the mode switching processor to perform the switching operation.
  • the representative value calculated through monitoring is compared with the threshold set for each mode switching to determine the optimal mode of the current PV field situation.
  • the normal / abnormal string output is judged by first comparing the string power standard deviation value with the threshold value, and in case of abnormality, the C mode is selected, and in the normal case, the string power average value is compared with the threshold value in the string output strength. Is to select A mode or B mode.
  • mode A the string output is normal and the weather is sunny.
  • mode B the string output is normal and the weather is cloudy.
  • mode C the string output is abnormal and shadow or string failure occurs. Will correspond.
  • the mode switching processing unit 540 includes a sub-array mode switching processing module 541, a string type switching processing module 542, and a parallel mode switching processing module 543.
  • Each of the switches constituting the first switch unit and the second switch unit is provided with an on / off signal, respectively, so as to be divided into a group and independently configured in a string type mode or a parallel mode.
  • the upper group is connected to the inverter unit # 1 to the string unit # 1 and # 2 to provide a 10 switch on signal, A switch on signal, B switch off signal, which is a parallel mode Will be driven.
  • the OFF signal is given to the 20 switch to divide the upper group and the lower group to perform the operation independently of each other.
  • each of the string units # 3 to # 6, which is a subgroup, is connected to the inverter units # 3 to # 6.
  • 30, 40, and 50 switch off signals and C, D, E, and F switch on signals are provided. It is operated in string mode.
  • each inverter unit independently performs MPPT control when the mode provided by the current status determination unit is a string type mode (A mode)
  • the on-signal is provided to each switch constituting the first switch unit and the second switch unit.
  • 10 to 50 switch-off signals and A to F switch-on signals are provided, and circuits are configured in a string type so that each inverter can independently perform MPPT control.
  • the parallel mode switching processing module 543 starts from the inverter unit having less usage in accordance with the string power situation when the current mode is provided in the parallel mode (B mode).
  • the on / off signal is provided to each switch constituting the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be sequentially operated.
  • 10 to 50 switch on signals, A to D switch on signals, and E to F switch off signals are provided.
  • the number of the string part and the inverter part shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 are merely examples, and the number of the string part and the inverter part may be reduced or increased according to the site situation.
  • the string type mode is the most efficient when the weather is clear
  • the parallel mode is the most efficient when it is cloudy
  • the sub-array mode is the most efficient when it is shadowed or broken. It is variably switched to the optimal mode.
  • the optimum inverter conversion efficiency may be induced according to the weather situation and the fault condition through the variable mode construction and the situation-specific control.
  • the inverter switching efficiency can be increased by changing to one of the string type mode, the parallel mode, and the sub-array mode through the control of the first switch unit and the second switch unit for each weather situation.
  • the inverter unit can provide an effect capable of generating power, it is possible to selectively drive the inverter unit in accordance with the cumulative power amount of the plurality of inverter units to limit unnecessary driving of the inverter unit accordingly
  • the synergistic effect of extending the life of wealth can be derived.
  • the present invention is applicable to the industrial field related to the photovoltaic power generation system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
PCT/KR2015/002695 2014-04-22 2015-03-19 태양광발전 시스템 WO2015163583A1 (ko)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112015001945.6T DE112015001945T5 (de) 2014-04-22 2015-03-19 Photovoltaiksystem

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KR10-2014-0047942 2014-04-22
KR1020140047942A KR101445711B1 (ko) 2014-04-22 2014-04-22 태양광발전 시스템

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KR20160131689A (ko) 2015-05-08 2016-11-16 주식회사 오리온 이동형 전기회로 보호기기 세트
KR101857916B1 (ko) * 2017-06-19 2018-05-14 일성전력산업(주) 전압 인가 제어 시스템을 이용한 태양광 발전장치의 스트링별 발전전력 제어 모니터링 시스템
KR102109868B1 (ko) * 2018-03-09 2020-05-12 한국남동발전 주식회사 태양광 발전시스템의 인버터 분배장치
KR102107290B1 (ko) * 2018-03-22 2020-05-06 알티비피얼라이언스(주) 태양광 발전출력의 최적화 제어 시스템 및 최적화 제어 방법
KR102246043B1 (ko) * 2020-10-07 2021-04-29 박기주 Tcs 태양광 발전 시스템 및 발전 방법
KR102656161B1 (ko) * 2021-07-05 2024-04-09 브이산업 주식회사 태양광발전시스템

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