WO2015163170A1

WO2015163170A1 - Image pickup element, control method, and image pickup device

Info

Publication number: WO2015163170A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/061310
Authority: WO
Inventors: 克彦半澤
Original assignee: ソニー株式会社
Priority date: 2014-04-24
Filing date: 2015-04-13
Publication date: 2015-10-29
Also published as: JP2015211259A

Abstract

The technology of the present invention pertains to an image pickup element, a control method, and an image pickup device that enable pixel signal read-out to be more easily carried out. This image pickup element outputs generated reset control signals to selected reset control lines to cause a desired unit pixel combination to reset the floating diffusion thereof, and outputs generated selection control signals to selected selection control lines to cause a desired unit pixel combination that includes any one of unit pixels of the combination to which the reset control lines to which the reset control signals have been output are connected to conduct read-out of floating diffusion levels. The technology of the present invention can be applied to, for example, an image pickup element or an electronic apparatus.

Description

Imaging device, control method, and imaging apparatus

The present technology relates to an imaging device, a control method, and an imaging device, and more particularly, to an imaging device, a control method, and an imaging device that can more easily read out pixel signals.

In recent years, for a pixel array in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in an array, an A / D conversion unit that performs A / D conversion of a pixel signal for each pixel unit that is a partial region including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns An image sensor provided with the above has been considered. In such an image sensor, conventional row simultaneous reading cannot be used, and an XY address selection method for designating a pixel matrix to be read out one by one is an essential technique.

As a XY address selection method for this pixel, a method for realizing XY address designation by wiring without changing the number of pixel transistors (Tr) has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Moreover, the structure which combined 3 transistor (3Tr) pixel operation | movement and the select control line (SEL) was considered (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

JP 2012-102606 A

However, in the case of the method described in Patent Document 1, the transfer control line (TRG), the reset control line (RST), and the select control line (SEL) are controlled in the row direction with respect to the number of pixels to be controlled (NxM). In the case of control in the column direction in the case of N times, it is necessary to increase it to M times in the case of controlling in the column direction.

In the case of the method described in Non-Patent Document 1, the reset control line (RST) and the select control line (SEL) are arranged in the same direction (both in the row direction), and the reset voltage VR is arranged vertically. Therefore, the transfer control signal must be converted to an XY address. Therefore, there is only one floating diffusion (FD) that is reset at the same time, so only one charge transfer can be performed, and simultaneous charge transfer cannot be performed.

The present technology has been proposed in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to enable pixel signals to be read more easily.

One aspect of the present technology provides a unit pixel group including a plurality of unit pixels and a reset control that transmits a reset control signal that controls resetting of the floating diffusion to the unit pixels to which the unit pixel group is connected. A line, a select control line that transmits a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion, and a reset control signal for the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected, By selecting a reset control line and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, the floating diffusion is reset for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, Generate the select control signal, select the select control line, and generate By outputting the select control signal to the selected select control line, the unit pixel group includes any one of the combination of unit pixels to which the reset control line outputting the reset control signal is connected. The image pickup device includes a control unit that reads out the floating diffusion level for a desired combination of unit pixels.

The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array, the reset control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array, and each reset control line is assigned to the assigned row. Connected to each unit pixel, the select control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array, each select control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column, and the control unit By generating a reset control signal, selecting the reset control line, and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, the reset is performed for each unit pixel in a desired row of the pixel array. Furthermore, the select control signal is generated, the select control line is selected, and the generated select control signal is output to the selected select control line. Accordingly, the rows of the unit pixels of the pixel array to perform the reset, it is possible to read the reset level of the floating diffusion unit pixel of a desired sequence.

The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array, the reset control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array, and each reset control line is assigned to an assigned column. Connected to each unit pixel, the select control line is provided for each unit pixel row of the pixel array, each select control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row, and the control unit By generating a reset control signal, selecting the reset control line, and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, the reset is performed for each unit pixel in a desired column of the pixel array. Furthermore, the select control signal is generated, the select control line is selected, and the generated select control signal is output to the selected select control line. Accordingly, the column of the unit pixel of the pixel array to perform the reset, it is possible to read the reset level of the floating diffusion unit pixel of a desired row.

The reset power supply voltage and the source follower power supply voltage can be supplied to the unit pixels through different wirings.

The reset power supply voltage and the source follower power supply voltage can be supplied to the unit pixel through a common wiring.

The control unit further includes a transfer control line that transmits a transfer control signal for controlling transfer of charges accumulated in a photodiode to the unitary pixel of the unit pixel group to which the unit pixel is connected. Generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, thereby obtaining a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group. Thus, the charge transfer can be performed.

The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which unit pixels are arranged in an array, the transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel row of the pixel array, and each transfer control line is assigned to an assigned row. Connected to each unit pixel, the select control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array, each select control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column, and the control unit By generating a transfer control signal, selecting the transfer control line, and outputting the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, the charge for each unit pixel in a desired row of the pixel array The charge transfer is performed by generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. The performed row of the unit pixels of the pixel array was, it is possible to read out the signal level of the floating diffusion unit pixel of a desired sequence.

The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which unit pixels are arranged in an array, the transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel column of the pixel array, and each transfer control line is assigned to an assigned column. Connected to each unit pixel, the select control line is provided for each unit pixel row of the pixel array, each select control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row, and the control unit By generating a transfer control signal, selecting the transfer control line, and outputting the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, the charge for each unit pixel in a desired column of the pixel array The charge transfer is performed by generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. The performed columns of unit pixels of the pixel array was, it is possible to read out the signal level of the floating diffusion unit pixel of a desired row.

The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which unit pixels are arranged in an array, and the transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel row of the pixel array, and each unit pixel in the row to which each unit pixel is assigned. A first transfer control line to be connected; and a second transfer control line provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array and connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column. A control line is provided for each row or column of unit pixels of the pixel array, each select control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row or column, and the control unit generates the transfer control signal And selecting the first transfer control line and the second transfer control line, and outputting the generated transfer control signal to the selected first transfer control line and the second transfer control line. , The pixel array Transfer the charge to a desired unit pixel, generate the select control signal, select the select control line in a row or column including the unit pixel that has transferred the charge, By outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, it is possible to read the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge has been transferred.

The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which unit pixels are arranged in an array, the transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel of the pixel array, and the select control line is a unit pixel of the pixel array. Provided for each row or column, each select control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row or column, the control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, generates By outputting the transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, the charge is transferred to a desired unit pixel of the pixel array, and further, the select control signal is generated, By selecting the select control line in the row or column including the unit pixel to which the transfer has been performed, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, the charge transfer is performed. It is possible to read out the signal level of the floating diffusion unit pixels were performed.

The unit pixel includes a plurality of photodiodes, and the control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line. Accordingly, the charge accumulated in the desired photodiode can be transferred to the desired combination of unit pixels in the unit pixel group.

The control unit can generate the select control signal, select all the select control lines, and output the generated select control signal to all the select control lines, thereby performing an auto-zero operation. .

It may further include an A / D conversion unit that A / D converts the level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel based on the control of the control unit.

The A / D converter is provided for each partial region that divides the region where the unit pixel group is formed into a plurality of levels, and the floating diffusion level read from the unit pixels included in the corresponding partial region Can be A / D converted.

It has a plurality of semiconductor substrates, and the A / D converter can be formed on a semiconductor substrate different from the semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.

The A / D conversion unit compares a reference voltage generation unit that generates a reference voltage, a level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel, and the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit. A comparison unit; and a counter that counts until the comparison result of the comparison unit changes. The reference voltage generation unit, the comparison unit, and the counter are different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed. It can be formed on a semiconductor substrate.

The A / D conversion unit compares a reference voltage generation unit that generates a reference voltage, a level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel, and the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit. And a counter that counts until the comparison result of the comparison unit changes, and the counter is formed on a semiconductor substrate different from the semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed. it can.

The level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel is transmitted from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed to a semiconductor substrate on which the A / D conversion unit is formed by one or a plurality of wirings. be able to.

One aspect of the present technology also generates a reset control signal for controlling the reset of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel, and the reset control signal for the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group consisting of a plurality of unit pixels is connected. The reset signal is transmitted to the selected reset control line, and the floating diffusion is reset for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group. Generating a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion, selecting a select control line for transmitting the select control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group itself is connected, and generating The selected control signal is output to the selected select control line. Thus, for the desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group including any one of the combination unit pixels to which the reset control line that has output the reset control signal is connected, the floating diffusion This is a control method for performing reading at a certain level.

Another aspect of the present technology includes an imaging unit that images a subject and an image processing unit that performs image processing on image data obtained by imaging by the imaging unit, and the imaging unit is a unit including a plurality of unit pixels. A reset control line for transmitting a reset control signal for controlling resetting of a floating diffusion is connected to the pixel group, to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected, and the unit pixel group is connected to itself. For a unit pixel, a select control line that transmits a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion, the reset control signal is generated, the reset control line is selected, and the generated reset control signal is By outputting to the selected reset control line, for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group The reset control signal is output by resetting the floating diffusion, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. A control unit that reads out the level of the floating diffusion for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group, including any one of the combination of unit pixels to which the reset control line is connected. It is an imaging device provided with.

In one aspect of the present technology, a reset control signal for controlling the reset of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel is generated, and the reset control signal is transmitted to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group including a plurality of unit pixels is connected. When the reset control line to be selected is selected and the generated reset control signal is output to the selected reset control line, the floating diffusion is reset in the desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, and the floating diffusion is performed. A select control signal for controlling the reading of the selected level is generated, a select control line for transmitting the select control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group itself is connected is selected, and the generated select control signal is selected. By being output to the selected control line, Including any one of the unit pixel combinations reset control line set control signal is output is connected, in a combination of desired unit pixels in the unit pixel group, the level of the readout of the floating diffusion is performed.

In another aspect of the present technology, the imaging device captures an image of a subject, generates a reset control signal that controls resetting of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel, and connects the unit pixel group itself including a plurality of unit pixels. By selecting a reset control line that transmits a reset control signal to the unit pixel and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, in a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, The floating diffusion is reset, a select control signal for controlling the reading of the floating diffusion level is generated, and a select control line for transmitting the select control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group itself is connected is selected. The generated select control signal is selected The floating diffusion in the desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group including any one of the unit pixels of the combination to which the reset control line to which the reset control signal is output is connected by being output to the rect control line Level reading is performed.

According to the present technology, a captured image can be obtained. Further, according to the present technology, it is possible to read out the pixel signal more easily.

It is a figure explaining the example of a pixel unit. It is a figure which shows the main structural examples of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the main structural examples of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the main structural examples of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the main structural examples of a unit pixel. It is a flowchart explaining the example of the flow of a read transmission control process. It is a timing chart which shows the example of the mode of read transmission control. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of a unit pixel. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of a unit pixel. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of a unit pixel. It is a figure which shows the further another structural example of an image sensor. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of a unit pixel. It is a flowchart explaining the example of the flow of a read transmission control process. It is a timing chart which shows the example of the mode of read transmission control. It is a figure which shows the main structural examples of an imaging device.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present disclosure (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described. The description will be given in the following order.
1. First embodiment (image sensor)
2. Second embodiment (imaging device)

<1. First Embodiment>
<Reading out pixel unit>
In recent years, for a pixel array in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in an array, an A / D conversion unit that performs A / D conversion of a pixel signal for each pixel unit that is a partial region composed of a plurality of rows and columns of the pixels An image sensor provided with the above has been considered. In such an image sensor, conventional row simultaneous reading cannot be used, and an XY address selection method for designating a pixel matrix to be read out one by one is an essential technique.

Pixel XY address selection methods include XY addressing of the readout section and XY addressing of the charge transfer section. The former is an essential technique for the XY address selection method, and the latter is necessary or unnecessary depending on the XY address selection method.

As a method for selecting the XY address of the readout unit, a 5-transistor (5Tr) circuit having a circuit configuration each provided with an XY select transistor (SEL Tr) is conceivable. There was a risk that the circuit scale would increase. Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, a method has been proposed in which an XY address is designated by wiring without changing the number of transistors (Tr) constituting a pixel. However, in this system, the transfer control line (TRG), reset control line (RST), and select control line (SEL) are controlled in the row direction by N times the number of pixels (NxM) to be controlled (NxM). When controlling in the direction, it is necessary to increase M times, and there is a possibility that the size of the pixel unit is limited by the wiring resource.

Also, as described in Non-Patent Document 1, a structure combining a three-transistor (3Tr) pixel operation and a select control line (SEL) was conceivable. However, in this method, the reset control line (RST) and the select control line (SEL) are arranged in the same direction (both in the row direction), and the reset voltage VR is arranged vertically. Therefore, the transfer control signal must be converted to an XY address. Therefore, there is only one floating diffusion (FD) that is reset at the same time, so only one charge transfer can be performed, and simultaneous charge transfer cannot be performed.

If the transfer control signal is not always converted to an XY address, the signal may be destroyed. Further, since the select control lines (SEL) are combined into one row in order to reduce the number of transistors (Tr), the symmetry of the layout is lost between pixels with and without the select control line (SEL). There was a risk of it.

<Read control by RST and SEL>
Therefore, in the imaging device, a unit pixel group composed of a plurality of unit pixels, and a reset control line for transmitting a reset control signal for controlling resetting of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected. Select a control line that transmits a select control signal that controls reading of the floating diffusion level and a reset control signal for the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected. By outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, the floating diffusion is reset for the desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group, the select control signal is generated, and the select control line And select the generated select control signal. The level of the floating diffusion for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group including any one of the unit pixels of the combination to which the reset control line that has output the reset control signal is connected by outputting to the line And a control unit for reading the data.

In this way, the control unit can easily select a desired pixel by selecting the reset control line and the select control line. Therefore, by performing resetting in units of rows (or units of columns), even if charge transfer is performed in units of rows (or units of columns), signals are not destroyed and pixels can be sequentially read out one by one. That is, the pixel signal can be read more easily.

For example, the unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array, a reset control line is provided for each unit pixel row of the pixel array, and each reset control line is assigned to each assigned row. A select control line may be provided for each column of unit pixels in the pixel array, and each select control line may be connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column. Then, the control unit generates a reset control signal, selects a reset control line, and outputs the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, whereby each unit pixel in a desired row of the pixel array is output. The reset is performed, the select control signal is generated, the select control line is selected, and the generated select control signal is output to the selected select control line, so that the row of the unit pixel of the pixel array that has been reset The reset level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel in the desired column may be read out.

Of course, a reset control line may be provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array, and a select control line may be provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array.

For example, the unit pixel group of the unit pixel group may further include a transfer control line that transmits a transfer control signal for controlling the transfer of the charge accumulated in the photodiode to the floating diffusion. Good. Then, the control unit generates a transfer control signal, selects a transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group is obtained. Alternatively, charge transfer may be performed.

For example, the unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array, a transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel row of the pixel array, and each transfer control line is assigned to each assigned row. A select control line may be provided for each column of unit pixels in the pixel array, and each select control line may be connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column. Then, the control unit generates a transfer control signal, selects a transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby each unit pixel in a desired row of the pixel array is output. The charge transfer is performed, the select control signal is generated, the select control line is selected, and the generated select control signal is output to the selected select control line. You may make it read the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel of the desired column of the unit pixel row.

Of course, a transfer control line may be provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array, and a select control line may be provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array.

For example, you may make it further provide the A / D conversion part which A / D-converts the level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel based on control of the control part.

For example, an A / D conversion unit is provided for each partial region that divides the region where the unit pixel group is formed into a plurality of regions, and the level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixels included in the corresponding partial region. A / D conversion may be performed.

As described above, the reset control line (RST) and the select control line (SEL), which are constituent elements of the conventional 4-transistor (4Tr) type pixel, are used to control the XY address of the pixel from which the signal is read. Can do. That is, the configuration for designating unit pixels for reading signals can be made easier. Therefore, the pixel signal can be read out more easily.

For example, it is possible to realize signal readout from each pixel without making any changes to the pixel transistor (Tr) structure. In that case, reading of signals from each pixel can be realized without increasing the area. In addition, the transfer control signal is not required to be an XY address.

Also, by applying the present technology, all the pixel unit cells can have the same structure, so that each unit pixel does not have an asymmetric structure, and deterioration of characteristics due to this can be reduced. For example, in the case of an asymmetric pixel structure, an output difference may occur even for the same color, such as a difference in the Gr / Gb characteristics of the Bayer array.

Also, by applying this technology, a plurality of pixel outputs can be bundled and connected to the A / D converter. Even when pixels and circuits are mixed on a single substrate, or when connecting to an A / D converter that spans multiple columns, there is no need to provide a column switch between the column and AD converter. be able to.

<Image sensor>
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a pixel region of an image sensor which is an embodiment of an image sensor to which the present technology is applied. An image sensor 100 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that photoelectrically converts light from a subject and outputs it as image data. For example, the image sensor 100 is configured as a CMOS image sensor using CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), a CCD image sensor using CCD (Charge Coupled Device), or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the image sensor 100 includes a pixel array 101. The pixel array 101 is a pixel region in which pixel configurations (unit pixels 111) having photoelectric conversion elements such as photodiodes are arranged in a planar shape or a curved shape. In the example of FIG. 1, the pixel array 101 has unit pixels 111 arranged in an array. In the figure, the horizontal arrangement of the unit pixels 111 indicates a row, and the vertical arrangement indicates a column.

Each unit pixel 111 receives light from a subject, photoelectrically converts the incident light, accumulates charges, and outputs the charges as pixel signals at a predetermined timing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a pixel unit 121 including unit pixels 111 of a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns is formed in the pixel array 101. That is, the pixel unit is a unit pixel group included in a partial region that divides the pixel region including the pixel array 101 into a plurality of regions. In the case of the example of FIG. 1, the pixel unit 121 includes a 4 × 4 unit pixel 111. Of course, the size and shape of the pixel unit 121 are arbitrary. For example, the size of the pixel unit 121 may be configured by unit pixels of 4 × 4, 4 × 8, 8 × 4, 8 × 8, 4 × 16, 8 × 16, 16 × 4, 16 × 8, and 16 × 16.

In FIG. 1, only one pixel unit 121 is shown, but in actuality, the pixel unit 121 is formed in the entire pixel array 101. That is, each unit pixel 111 belongs to one of the pixel units 121. The size and shape of each pixel unit 121 may not be the same.

In FIG. 1, each unit pixel 111 is shown as a square having the same size. However, the size and shape of each unit pixel 111 are arbitrary, and may not be square, but may be the same size. And it may not be a shape.

<Area A / D converter>
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a part of the configuration of the image sensor 100. As shown in FIG. 2, each pixel unit 121 of the image sensor 100 is provided with an A / D converter 131. In the case of the example in FIG. 2, three pixel units 121 (pixel units 121-1 to 121-3) are formed in the pixel region. In addition, three A / D converters 131 (A / D converters 131-1 to 131-3) are formed for them.

The A / D conversion unit 131-1 is connected to the pixel unit 121-1, and A / D converts signals read from each unit pixel of the pixel unit 121-1. The A / D conversion unit 131-2 is connected to the pixel unit 121-2 and performs A / D conversion on a signal read from each unit pixel of the pixel unit 121-2. The A / D conversion unit 131-3 is connected to the pixel unit 121-3 and performs A / D conversion on signals read from each unit pixel of the pixel unit 121-3.

The A / D converter 131-1 to A / D converter 131-3 are simply referred to as the A / D converter 131 when there is no need to distinguish between them. That is, an A / D conversion unit 131 is provided for each pixel unit 121, and a signal read from each unit pixel 111 in the pixel unit 121 is supplied to the A / D conversion unit 131 connected to the pixel unit 121. And A / D converted.

The signal is sequentially read from each unit pixel 111 in the pixel unit 121, for example, by one unit pixel, and supplied to the A / D converter 131. The signal readout order of each unit pixel 111 in the pixel unit 121 is arbitrary. For example, the data may be read in a predetermined order such as a raster scan order or may be read at random.

In the case of the example of FIG. 2, the pixel unit 121 and the A / D converter 131 are formed on the same semiconductor substrate.

<Semiconductor substrate laminated structure>
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the image sensor 100 may be configured such that its circuit configuration is formed on two semiconductor substrates (laminated chips (the pixel substrate 141 and the circuit substrate 142)) that are superimposed on each other. Good.

A pixel region (that is, the pixel array 101) is formed on the pixel substrate 141. For example, in the case of FIG. 3, N pixel units 121 (pixel units 121-1 to 121-N) are formed. An A / D conversion unit 131 corresponding to each pixel unit 121 is formed on the circuit board 142.

The A / D converter 131 is formed on the circuit board 142 at a position where the pixel unit 121 corresponding to the A / D converter 131 is stacked on the pixel substrate 141. For example, the A / D converter 131-K is formed on the pixel substrate 141 in a state where the pixel substrate 141 and the circuit substrate 142 are bonded together, and the pixel unit 121 corresponding to the A / D converter 131-K. -K is formed at the position where it is stacked.

In this state, the transmission path of the signal read from each single pixel of the pixel unit 121-K is connected to the transmission path of the signal to be compared with the reference potential of the A / D converter 131-K. With such a configuration, a signal read from each single pixel of the pixel unit 121-K is input to the A / D conversion unit 131-K and A / D converted.
Thus, in the case of the configuration including the pixel substrate 141 and the circuit substrate 142, the number of connections (micro bumps, TSVs, etc.) can be suppressed to one or several. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the area required for connection to the pixel pitch, and since the number of connections is small, an improvement in yield can be expected.

Note that the number (number of layers) of the semiconductor substrates (layered chips) is arbitrary, and may be three or more.

<Circuit configuration of image sensor>
An example of the main circuit configuration of the image sensor 100 is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of one pixel unit 121 minutes. The circuit configuration surrounded by the dotted line 151 shows an example of the circuit configuration of one unit pixel 111.

<Unit pixel configuration>
Here, FIG. 5 shows an example of the main configuration of the circuit configuration within this dotted line 151 (that is, the circuit configuration of the unit pixel 111). In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the unit pixel 111 includes a photodiode 171, a transfer transistor 172, a reset transistor 173, an amplification transistor 174, and a select transistor 175.

The photodiode (PD) 171 photoelectrically converts the received light into a photocharge (here, photoelectrons) having a charge amount corresponding to the light quantity, and accumulates the photocharge. The anode electrode of the photodiode 171 is connected to the ground (pixel ground) of the pixel region, and the cathode electrode is connected to the floating diffusion (FD) via the transfer transistor 172. Of course, a method may be adopted in which the cathode electrode of the photodiode 171 is connected to the power source (pixel power source) of the pixel region, the anode electrode is connected to the floating diffusion (FD) via the transfer transistor 172, and the photocharge is read as a photohole. .

The transfer transistor 172 controls reading of the photocharge from the photodiode 171. The transfer transistor 172 has a drain electrode connected to the floating diffusion and a source electrode connected to the cathode electrode of the photodiode 171. Further, a transfer control line (TRG) for transmitting a transfer control signal supplied from the area scanning unit 152 (FIG. 4) is connected to the gate electrode of the transfer transistor 172. When the transfer control line (TRG) (that is, the gate potential of the transfer transistor 172) is in an off state, photocharge is not transferred from the photodiode 171 (photocharge is accumulated in the photodiode 171). When the transfer control line (TRG) (that is, the gate potential of the transfer transistor 172) is on, the photocharge accumulated in the photodiode 171 is transferred to the floating diffusion (FD).

The reset transistor 173 resets the potential of the floating diffusion (FD). The reset transistor 173 has a drain electrode connected to the power supply potential and a source electrode connected to the floating diffusion (FD). Further, a reset control line (RST) for transmitting a reset control signal supplied from the area scanning unit 152 (FIG. 4) is connected to the gate electrode of the reset transistor 173. When the reset control signal (RST) (that is, the gate potential of the reset transistor 173) is in the off state, the floating diffusion (FD) is disconnected from the reset voltage wiring (VR) (that is, the reset voltage VR). When the reset control signal (RST) (that is, the gate potential of the reset transistor 173) is on, the charge of the floating diffusion (FD) is discarded to the reset voltage wiring (VR), and the floating diffusion (FD) is reset.

The amplification transistor 174 amplifies the potential change of the floating diffusion (FD) and outputs it as an electric signal (analog signal). The amplification transistor 174 has a gate electrode connected to the floating diffusion (FD), a drain electrode connected to the source follower power supply voltage, and a source electrode connected to the drain electrode of the select transistor 175. For example, the amplification transistor 174 outputs the potential of the floating diffusion (FD) reset by the reset transistor 173 to the select transistor 175 as a reset signal (reset level). In addition, the amplification transistor 174 outputs the potential of the floating diffusion (FD) to which the photocharge has been transferred by the transfer transistor 172, to the select transistor 175 as a light accumulation signal (signal level).

The select transistor 175 controls the output of the electrical signal supplied from the amplification transistor 174 to the vertical signal line VSL (that is, the A / D conversion unit 131). The select transistor 175 has a drain electrode connected to the source electrode of the amplification transistor 174 and a source electrode connected to the vertical signal line VSL. A select control line (SEL) for transmitting a select control signal supplied from the area scanning unit 152 (FIG. 4) is connected to the gate electrode of the select transistor 175. When the select control signal (SEL) (that is, the gate potential of the select transistor 175) is in the OFF state, the amplification transistor 174 and the vertical signal line VSL are electrically disconnected. Therefore, in this state, no reset signal, pixel signal, or the like is output from the unit pixel. When the select control signal (SEL) (that is, the gate potential of the select transistor 175) is on, the unit pixel is selected. That is, the amplification transistor 174 and the vertical signal line VSL are electrically connected, and a signal output from the amplification transistor 174 is supplied to the vertical signal line VSL as a pixel signal of the unit pixel. That is, a reset signal, a pixel signal, and the like are read from the unit pixel.

Returning to FIG. 4, a reset voltage wiring (VR), a reset control line (RST), and a transfer control line (TRG) are formed for each row (horizontal alignment) of the unit pixel 111 group arranged in an array. The In the case of the example of FIG. 4, since the pixel unit 121 is composed of 4 × 4 unit pixels, four reset voltage lines (VR), reset control lines (RST), and four transfer control lines (TRG) are formed ( Reset voltage wiring VR1 to reset voltage wiring VR4, reset control line RST1 to reset control line RST4, transfer control line TRG1 to transfer control line TRG4).

That is, the reset voltage wiring VR1, the reset control line RST1, and the transfer control line TRG1 are connected to each unit pixel in the top row of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG. Similarly, the reset voltage wiring VR2, the reset control line RST2, and the transfer control line TRG2 are connected to each unit pixel in the second row from the top of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG. Further, the reset voltage wiring VR3, the reset control line RST3, and the transfer control line TRG3 are connected to each unit pixel in the third row from the top of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG. Similarly, the reset voltage line VR4, the reset control line RST4, and the transfer control line TRG4 are connected to each unit pixel in the bottom row of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a select control line (SEL) is formed for each column (arrangement in the vertical direction) of the group of unit pixels 111 arranged in an array. In the example of FIG. 4, since the pixel unit 121 is composed of 4 × 4 unit pixels, four select control lines (SEL) are formed (select control line SEL1 to select control line SEL4).

That is, the select control line SEL1 is connected to each unit pixel in the leftmost column of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG. Similarly, the select control line SEL2 is connected to each unit pixel in the second column from the left of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG. The select control line SEL3 is connected to each unit pixel in the third column from the left of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG. Similarly, the select control line SEL4 is connected to each unit pixel in the rightmost column of the pixel unit 121 shown in FIG.

The image sensor 100 has an area scanning unit 152. The area scanning unit 152 is an example of an embodiment of control that controls reading of a signal from each unit pixel 111. For example, the area scanning unit 152 supplies a reset voltage to each reset voltage wiring (VR) (reset voltage wiring VR1 to reset voltage wiring VR4).

The area scanning unit 152 generates a reset control signal, selects any one of the reset control lines RST1 to RST4, and outputs the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line (RST). That is, the area scanning unit 152 supplies the reset control signal to each unit pixel (the gate of the reset transistor 173) connected to the selected reset control line (RST).

Further, the area scanning unit 152 generates a transfer control signal, selects any one of the transfer control lines TRG1 to TRG4, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line (TRG). That is, the area scanning unit 152 supplies the transfer control signal to each unit pixel (the gate of the transfer transistor 172) connected to the selected transfer control line (TRG).

Also, the area scanning unit 152 generates a select control signal, selects one of the select control lines SEL1 to SEL4, and outputs the generated select control signal to the selected select control line (SEL). That is, the area scanning unit 152 supplies the select control signal to each unit pixel (the gate of the select transistor 175) connected to the selected select control line (SEL).

With such a configuration, the area scanning unit 152 can easily select a desired pixel by selecting the reset control line (RST) and the select control line (SEL). That is, the area scanning unit 152 can more easily read out signals one by one from each unit pixel. At that time, it is possible to handle both charge transfer at the same time in units of rows, and addition of Tr and wiring to XY addresses. In the former case, after the reset voltage for one row is read, charge transfer is performed, and the signals for one row are read sequentially. In the latter case, it is sufficient to sequentially read out signals by performing charge transfer for one pixel at a desired address.

4, the image sensor 100 includes a D / A converter (DAC) 161, a comparator (CMP) 162, and a counter (CNT) 163. The above-described vertical signal line to which each unit pixel of the pixel unit 121 is connected is connected to one input of the comparison unit 162.

The D / A conversion unit 161 generates a predetermined ramp signal as a reference voltage supplied to the comparison unit 162. The D / A conversion unit 161 supplies the generated ramp signal to the other input of the comparison unit 162.

The comparison unit 162 compares the reference voltage (ramp signal) supplied from the D / A conversion unit 161 with the signal read from each unit pixel 111 supplied from the pixel unit 121, and compares the comparison result (which (Information indicating whether the value of the

The counter 163 counts the period from the start of counting until the value of the comparison result changes, and outputs the count value as digital data of the signal input to the comparison unit 162 when the value of the comparison result changes. .

That is, the D / A conversion unit (DAC) 161, the comparison unit (CMP) 162, and the counter (CNT) 163 are the configuration of the A / D conversion unit 131.

The signal of each unit pixel in the pixel unit 121 is read out pixel by pixel under the control of the area scanning unit 152 and supplied to the comparison unit 162. The comparison unit 162 sequentially compares each supplied signal with the ramp signal and outputs the comparison result. The counter 163 counts until the comparison result changes, and outputs the count value. In this way, the A / D converter 131 can A / D convert signals read from the respective pixels in the corresponding pixel unit 121.

In the example of FIG. 4, the area scanning unit 152 and the configuration of one pixel unit 121 are shown. However, the area scanning unit 152 applies to all the pixel units 121 of the pixel array 101. Can be controlled as well. The A / D conversion unit is not limited to the configuration of the D / A conversion unit 161, the comparison unit (CMP) 162, and the counter (CNT) 163 described above. For example, the A / D conversion unit is a successive approximation type or a digital sigma type A / D It may be a conversion unit or the like.

<Flow of read transmission control processing>
An example of the flow of the read transmission control process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the read transmission control process is started, the area scanning unit 152 initializes the photodiode (PD) 171 in step S101. For example, the area scanning unit 152 selects the reset voltage wiring VR1 to the reset voltage wiring VR4, the reset control line RST1 to the reset control line RST4, and the transfer control line TRG1 to the transfer control line TRG4, and turns them all on. Thus, the photodiodes 171 of all the unit pixels 111 are initialized (global reset is performed). The area scanning unit 152 may perform a rolling reset that sequentially initializes the photodiodes 171 of each unit pixel.

Thereafter, after the exposure, the area scanning unit 152 initializes the floating diffusion (FD) in step S102. For example, the area scanning unit 152 initializes the floating diffusion (FD) of all the unit pixels 111 by selecting the reset control lines RST1 to RST4 and turning them all on.

In step S103, the area scanning unit 152 selects a row (reading row) of unit pixels from which a signal is read. For example, the area scanning unit 152 selects any one of the reset control lines RST1 to RST4 and turns it on, thereby selecting a desired row of the unit pixels 111 as a readout row.

In step S104, the area scanning unit 152 sequentially selects a column of unit pixels from which the reset level is read (reset level read column). For example, the area scanning unit 152 selects any one of the select control lines SEL1 to SEL4 and turns it on, thereby selecting a desired unit pixel 111 column as a reset level readout column. . The area scanning unit 152 repeats this process, and sequentially selects each column as a reset level read column. In this way, the reset level is sequentially read out from each pixel in the readout row one pixel at a time.

In step S105, the area scanning unit 152 transfers the charges accumulated in the photodiodes 171 in the readout row to the floating diffusion. For example, the area scanning unit 152 selects the transfer control line assigned to the read line selected in step S103 from the transfer control lines TRG1 to TRG4, and turns it on to thereby read the read line. In each unit pixel, the charge of the photodiode 171 is transferred to the floating diffusion.

In step S106, the area scanning unit 152 sequentially selects a unit pixel column (pixel signal read column) from which the pixel signal is read. For example, the area scanning unit 152 selects any one of the select control lines SEL1 to SEL4 and turns it on, thereby selecting a desired unit pixel 111 column as a pixel signal readout column. . The area scanning unit 152 repeats this process, and sequentially selects each column as a pixel signal readout column. In this way, pixel signals are sequentially read out from each pixel in the readout row one pixel at a time.

When each process is performed as described above, the read transmission control process ends.

FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing an example of how the reset level and pixel signal are read out by the above-described read transmission control process.

As described above, the area scanning unit 152 can easily read out the signal level of each pixel only by selecting each control line as in the case of the conventional simultaneous row reading.

<Configuration example variations>
Note that a plurality of semiconductor substrates may be provided, and the A / D converter may be formed on a semiconductor substrate different from the semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed. That is, the configuration of the image sensor 100 shown in FIG. 4 may be formed on a plurality of semiconductor substrates as shown in FIG. An example in that case is shown in FIG.

The A / D conversion unit compares the reference voltage generation unit that generates the reference voltage, the comparison unit that compares the level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit, and the comparison A counter that counts until the comparison result of the unit changes, and the reference voltage generation unit, the comparison unit, and the counter are formed on a semiconductor substrate different from the semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed. Also good.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the configuration of the pixel array 101 is formed on the pixel substrate 141, and the A / D converter 131 (D / A converter (DAC) 161, comparator (CMP) 162, and counter ( CNT) 163) is formed on the circuit board 142.

Further, the counter may be formed on a semiconductor substrate different from the semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed. An example in that case is shown in FIG.

In the case of the example of FIG. 9, the configuration of the pixel array 101 and the configurations of the D / A converter (DAC) 161 and the comparator (CMP) 162 are formed on the pixel substrate 141, and the counter (CNT) 163) is a circuit. It is formed on the substrate 142.

Further, the floating diffusion level read from the unit pixel may be transmitted by a plurality of wirings from the semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed to the semiconductor substrate on which the A / D conversion unit is formed. Good. FIG. 10 shows an example in that case.

In the case of the example of FIG. 10, the configuration of the pixel array 101 is formed on the pixel substrate 141 as in the example of FIG. 8, and the A / D conversion unit 131 (D / A conversion unit (DAC) 161, comparison unit (CMP)). 162 and a counter (CNT) 163) are formed on the circuit board 142. However, the pixel substrate 141 and the circuit substrate 142 are connected by two wires. A selection unit (SW) 181 is formed on the circuit board 142. The selection unit 181 selects either one or both of the signals transmitted from the two wirings from the pixel array 101, and supplies them to the comparison unit 162. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to realize capacity addition and source follower (SF) addition of the comparison unit 162. Note that the number of wirings connecting the pixel substrate 141 and the circuit substrate 142 may be three or more.

When reading multiple pixels at the same time, such as capacity addition or source follower (SF) addition, it is sufficient to prepare the necessary number of connections. Further, it is possible to cope with addition of conventionally known functions such as pixel sharing, a variable capacity system, and a global shutter in which a memory is arranged in the pixel.

Further, the position of the wiring (vertical signal line) connecting the circuit of each unit pixel of the pixel array 101 and the comparison unit 162 is arbitrary, and is not limited to the above-described example of FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the wiring may have a horizontal configuration. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the unit pixels in each row are connected by the wiring, the wirings in each row are further connected at the end of the pixel unit 121, and are connected to the comparison unit 162 as one wiring. Is done.

Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the wiring may have a comb-like configuration. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the unit pixels of each row are connected by the wiring, and the wirings of each row are further connected at the central portion (other than the end) of the pixel unit 121 and compared as one wiring. Connected to the unit 162.

In the above description, the case where the reset power supply voltage and the source follower power supply voltage are supplied to the unit pixel 111 through different wirings has been described. And the source follower power supply voltage may be supplied by a common wiring. An example is shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, a portion surrounded by a dotted line 191 is a configuration of one unit pixel. This is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 14, in this case as well, the configuration of the unit pixel 111 is basically the same as the example of FIG. 5, but in the example of FIG. 14, the drain electrode of the amplification transistor 174 is the reset voltage wiring. (VR) connected. In this way, the reset voltage and the source follower power supply voltage can be supplied by the common wiring (reset voltage wiring (VR)). By doing so, the circuit configuration can be further simplified, and an increase in circuit area can be suppressed.

Further, the unit pixel has a plurality of photodiodes, and the control unit generates a transfer control signal, selects a transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line. You may make it perform the transfer of the electric charge accumulate | stored in the desired photodiode with respect to the combination of the desired unit pixel of a pixel group.

For example, as shown in FIG. 15, a plurality of photodiodes may share a circuit for reading out the charge. In FIG. 15, the part surrounded by the dotted line 192 is the configuration of one unit pixel. This is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 16, in this case as well, the configuration of the unit pixel 111 is basically the same as the example of FIG. 5, but in the example of FIG. 16, two photodiodes 171 and two transfer transistors 172 are provided. (Photodiode 171-1 and photodiode 171-2, and transfer transistor 172-1 and transfer transistor 172-2).

Thus, when there are a plurality of transfer transistors 172, a transfer control line (TRG) is formed for each transfer transistor 172. In the example of FIG. 16, the transfer transistor 172-1 is connected to the transfer control line TRG1, and the transfer transistor 172-2 is connected to the transfer control line TRG2. In this case, the area scanning unit 152 selects one of the transfer control line TRG1 and the transfer control line TRG2, thereby causing either one of the photodiode 171-1 or the photodiode 171-2 to transfer a charge. It can be selected as a diode. That is, the charge of the photodiode 171 connected to the transfer control line (TRG) to which the selected transfer control signal is transmitted is transferred to the floating diffusion. That is, the area scanning unit 152 can select not only a unit pixel from which a pixel signal is read, but also a photodiode in the unit pixel.

In addition, in FIG. 15, although the case where the two photodiodes 171 arranged in the vertical direction in the drawing share a circuit such as a floating diffusion has been described, the arrangement of the photodiodes 171 is arbitrary. For example, it may be arranged in the horizontal direction in the figure, or may be arranged in an oblique direction. Further, the number of photodiodes sharing the circuit is arbitrary. For example, four photodiodes may share one circuit. In that case, the arrangement of the photodiodes is arbitrary. For example, the four photodiodes may be arranged in the horizontal direction in the figure, or two photodiodes may be arranged in the vertical direction in the figure and two in the horizontal direction in the figure (that is, 2 × 2).

As described above, the present technology can divert the conventional pixel layout and can also support pixel sharing, and thus can be downsized.

Further, a transfer control line may be provided for each unit pixel of the pixel array. Then, the control unit generates a transfer control signal, selects a transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, thereby transferring charges to a desired unit pixel of the pixel array. May be performed. In that case, the control unit further generates a select control signal, selects a row or column select control line including the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred, and applies the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. By outputting, the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred may be read out. FIG. 17 shows an example in that case.

17, the configuration surrounded by the dotted line 193 shows an example of the circuit configuration for one row of the unit pixel 111 of one pixel unit 121. As shown in FIG. 17, a transfer control line (TRG) is provided for each unit pixel in each row of the pixel unit (for example, in the case of the first row from the top, transfer control lines TRG1-1 to transfer control lines). TRG1-4).

This makes it possible to transfer charges for each unit pixel. As described above, the present technology can cope with the XY addressing of the transfer control line.

Also provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array, each of which is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array and a first transfer control line connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row, A second transfer control line connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column may be provided. The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the first transfer control line and the second transfer control line, and selects the generated transfer control signal. The first transfer control line and the second transfer control By outputting to a line, the charge may be transferred to a desired unit pixel of the pixel array. Further, a select control line may be provided for each row or column of unit pixels of the pixel array, and each select control line may be connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row or column. Further, the control unit generates a select control signal, selects a row or column select control line including the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred, and outputs the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. Thus, the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred may be read out.

FIG. 18 shows an example in that case. In FIG. 18, the part surrounded by a dotted line 194 is the configuration of one unit pixel. This is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 19, in this case as well, the configuration of the unit pixel 111 is basically the same as the example of FIG. 5, but in the example of FIG. 19, the transfer transistor 172 is formed in a two-stage configuration. (Transfer transistor 172-1 and transfer transistor 172-2).

The gate of the transfer transistor 172-2 formed between the photodiode 171 and the floating diffusion is connected to the source of the transfer transistor 172-1. The gate of the transfer transistor 172-1 is connected to the transfer control line TRGX, and the drain is connected to the transfer control line TRGY.

As shown in FIG. 18, the transfer control line TRGX is assigned to a column of unit pixels, and is connected to the gate of the transfer transistor 172-1 of each unit pixel of the assigned column. As shown in FIG. 18, the transfer control line TRGY is assigned to a row of unit pixels, and is connected to the drain of the transfer transistor 172-1 of each unit pixel in the assigned row.

That is, the area scanning unit 152 can select one unit pixel for transferring charges one by one by selecting the transfer control line TRGX and the transfer control line TRGY. That is, in this way, charge transfer can be performed for each unit pixel. As described above, the present technology can cope with the XY addressing of the transfer control line.

Note that the configuration of the transfer transistor is not limited to the examples of FIGS. For example, you may make it comprise like the example of FIG.

In FIG. 20, a portion surrounded by a dotted line 195 is a configuration of one unit pixel. This is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 21, in this case as well, the configuration of the unit pixel 111 is basically the same as the example of FIG. 5, but in the example of FIG. 20, the transfer transistor 172 is formed in a two-stage configuration. (Transfer transistor 172-1 and transfer transistor 172-2).

Regarding two transfer transistors 172 (transfer transistor 172-1 and transfer transistor 172-2) formed in series between the photodiode 171 and the floating diffusion (FD), the gate of the transfer transistor 172-1 is connected to the transfer control line TRGX. The gate of the transfer transistor 172-2 is connected to the transfer control line TRGY.

As shown in FIG. 20, the transfer control line TRGX is assigned to a unit pixel column, and is connected to the gate of the transfer transistor 172-1 of each unit pixel of the assigned column. As shown in FIG. 20, the transfer control line TRGY is assigned to a row of unit pixels, and is connected to the gate of the transfer transistor 172-2 of each unit pixel of the assigned row.

Note that the A / D conversion unit 131 may perform a single slope operation. That is, the present technology can also be applied to an image sensor using a single slope A / D converter. An example of the flow of the read transmission control process in that case will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the read transmission control process is started, the area scanning unit 152 executes each process from step S121 to step S123 in the same manner as each process from step S101 to step S103 (FIG. 6).

In step S124, the area scanning unit 152 selects all the select control lines (SEL) and outputs the generated select control signal to all the select control lines (SEL), thereby causing the auto-zero operation to be performed.

The area scanning unit 152 performs the process of step S125 in the same manner as the process of step S104 (FIG. 6).

In step S126, the area scanning unit 152 selects all the select control lines (SEL) and outputs the generated select control signal to all the select control lines (SEL), thereby causing the auto-zero operation to be performed.

The area scanning unit 152 performs the processes of step S127 and step S128 in the same manner as the processes of step S105 and step S106 (FIG. 6).

FIG. 23 is a timing chart showing an example of how the reset level and the pixel signal are read out by the above-described read transmission control process.

As described above, the area scanning unit 152 can easily read out the signal level of each pixel only by selecting each control line as in the case of the conventional simultaneous row reading. That is, even in the case of an image sensor having a single slope A / D converter, it is possible to read out the pixel signal more easily.

<2. Second Embodiment>
<Imaging device>
Note that the present technology can be applied to devices other than the image sensor. For example, the present technology may be applied to an apparatus (an electronic device or the like) having an imaging element such as an imaging apparatus. FIG. 24 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of an imaging apparatus as an example of an electronic apparatus to which the present technology is applied. An imaging apparatus 600 shown in FIG. 24 is an apparatus that images a subject and outputs an image of the subject as an electrical signal.

As illustrated in FIG. 24, the imaging apparatus 600 includes an optical unit 611, a CMOS image sensor 612, an image processing unit 613, a display unit 614, a codec processing unit 615, a storage unit 616, an output unit 617, a communication unit 618, and a control unit 621. , An operation unit 622, and a drive 623.

The optical unit 611 includes a lens that adjusts the focal point to the subject and collects light from the focused position, an aperture that adjusts exposure, a shutter that controls the timing of imaging, and the like. The optical unit 611 transmits light (incident light) from the subject and supplies the light to the CMOS image sensor 612.

The CMOS image sensor 612 photoelectrically converts incident light, A / D converts a signal for each pixel (pixel signal), performs signal processing such as CDS, and supplies the processed captured image data to the image processing unit 613. .

The image processing unit 613 performs image processing on the captured image data obtained by the CMOS image sensor 612. More specifically, the image processing unit 613 performs, for example, color mixture correction, black level correction, white balance adjustment, demosaic processing, matrix processing, gamma correction, on the captured image data supplied from the CMOS image sensor 612. And various image processing such as YC conversion. The image processing unit 613 supplies captured image data subjected to image processing to the display unit 614.

The display unit 614 is configured as a liquid crystal display or the like, for example, and displays an image of captured image data (for example, an image of a subject) supplied from the image processing unit 613.

The image processing unit 613 further supplies the captured image data subjected to the image processing to the codec processing unit 615 as necessary.

The codec processing unit 615 subjects the captured image data supplied from the image processing unit 613 to encoding processing of a predetermined method, and supplies the obtained encoded data to the storage unit 616. Further, the codec processing unit 615 reads the encoded data recorded in the storage unit 616, decodes it to generate decoded image data, and supplies the decoded image data to the image processing unit 613.

The image processing unit 613 performs predetermined image processing on the decoded image data supplied from the codec processing unit 615. The image processing unit 613 supplies the decoded image data subjected to the image processing to the display unit 614. The display unit 614 is configured as a liquid crystal display, for example, and displays an image of the decoded image data supplied from the image processing unit 613.

Also, the codec processing unit 615 supplies the encoded data obtained by encoding the captured image data supplied from the image processing unit 613 or the encoded data of the captured image data read from the storage unit 616 to the output unit 617. You may make it output outside the imaging device 600. FIG. Further, the codec processing unit 615 supplies captured image data before encoding or decoded image data obtained by decoding encoded data read from the storage unit 616 to the output unit 617, and outputs the image data to the outside of the imaging device 600. You may make it output to.

Furthermore, the codec processing unit 615 may transmit the captured image data, the encoded data of the captured image data, or the decoded image data to another device via the communication unit 618. Further, the codec processing unit 615 may acquire captured image data and encoded data of the image data via the communication unit 618. The codec processing unit 615 appropriately encodes and decodes the captured image data acquired through the communication unit 618 and the encoded data of the image data. The codec processing unit 615 may supply the obtained image data or encoded data to the image processing unit 613 as described above, or output it to the storage unit 616, the output unit 617, and the communication unit 618. Good.

The storage unit 616 stores encoded data supplied from the codec processing unit 615 and the like. The encoded data stored in the storage unit 616 is read out and decoded by the codec processing unit 615 as necessary. The captured image data obtained by the decoding process is supplied to the display unit 614, and a captured image corresponding to the captured image data is displayed.

The output unit 617 has an external output interface such as an external output terminal, and outputs various data supplied via the codec processing unit 615 to the outside of the imaging apparatus 600 via the external output interface.

The communication unit 618 supplies various types of information such as image data and encoded data supplied from the codec processing unit 615 to another device that is a communication partner of predetermined communication (wired communication or wireless communication). Further, the communication unit 618 acquires various types of information such as image data and encoded data from another device that is a communication partner of predetermined communication (wired communication or wireless communication), and supplies the acquired information to the codec processing unit 615. .

The control unit 621 controls the operation of each processing unit (each processing unit indicated by a dotted line 620, the operation unit 622, and the drive 623) of the imaging apparatus 600.

The operation unit 622 includes, for example, an arbitrary input device such as a jog dial (trademark), a key, a button, or a touch panel. For example, the operation unit 622 receives an operation input by a user or the like and supplies a signal corresponding to the operation input to the control unit 621. To do.

The drive 623 reads information stored in a removable medium 624 attached to the drive 623 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory. The drive 623 reads various information such as programs and data from the removable medium 624 and supplies the information to the control unit 621. Further, the drive 623 stores various information such as image data and encoded data supplied through the control unit 621 in the removable medium 624 when the writable removable medium 624 is attached to the drive 623. .

As the CMOS image sensor 612 of the imaging apparatus 600 as described above, the present technology described above in each embodiment is applied. That is, the image sensor 100 described above is used as the CMOS image sensor 612. Thereby, the CMOS image sensor 612 can read out the pixel signal more easily. Therefore, the imaging apparatus 600 can obtain a captured image more easily by imaging a subject.

Note that the imaging apparatus to which the present technology is applied is not limited to the configuration described above, and may have another configuration. For example, not only a digital still camera and a video camera but also an information processing apparatus having an imaging function, such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a tablet device, and a personal computer. Further, it may be a camera module used by being mounted on another information processing apparatus (or mounted as an embedded device).

The series of processes described above can be executed by hardware or software. When the above-described series of processing is executed by software, a program constituting the software is installed from a network or a recording medium.

For example, as shown in FIG. 24, this recording medium is configured by a removable medium 624 on which a program is recorded, which is distributed to distribute the program to the user, separately from the apparatus main body. The removable medium 624 includes a magnetic disk (including a flexible disk) and an optical disk (including a CD-ROM and a DVD). Further, magneto-optical disks (including MD (Mini-Disc)) and semiconductor memories are also included.

In that case, the program can be installed in the storage unit 616 by attaching the removable medium 624 to the drive 623.

This program can also be provided via a wired or wireless transmission medium such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting. In that case, the program can be received by the communication unit 618 and installed in the storage unit 616.

In addition, this program can be installed in advance in a ROM (Read Only Memory) or the like in the storage unit 616 or the control unit 621.

The program executed by the computer may be a program that is processed in time series in the order described in this specification, or in parallel or at a necessary timing such as when a call is made. It may be a program for processing.

Further, in the present specification, the step of describing the program recorded on the recording medium is not limited to the processing performed in chronological order according to the described order, but may be performed in parallel or It also includes processes that are executed individually.

Further, the processing of each step described above can be executed in each device described above or any device other than each device described above. In that case, the device that executes the process may have the functions (functional blocks and the like) necessary for executing the process described above. Information necessary for processing may be transmitted to the apparatus as appropriate.

In this specification, the system means a set of a plurality of components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), and it does not matter whether all the components are in the same housing. Accordingly, a plurality of devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network and a single device housing a plurality of modules in one housing are all systems. .

Also, in the above, the configuration described as one device (or processing unit) may be divided and configured as a plurality of devices (or processing units). Conversely, the configurations described above as a plurality of devices (or processing units) may be combined into a single device (or processing unit). Of course, a configuration other than that described above may be added to the configuration of each device (or each processing unit). Furthermore, if the configuration and operation of the entire system are substantially the same, a part of the configuration of a certain device (or processing unit) may be included in the configuration of another device (or other processing unit). .

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present disclosure can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that it belongs to the technical scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the present technology can take a configuration of cloud computing in which one function is shared by a plurality of devices via a network and is jointly processed.

Further, each step described in the above flowchart can be executed by one device or can be shared by a plurality of devices.

Further, when a plurality of processes are included in one step, the plurality of processes included in the one step can be executed by being shared by a plurality of apparatuses in addition to being executed by one apparatus.

In addition, the present technology is not limited to this, and any configuration mounted on such a device or a device constituting the system, for example, a processor as a system LSI (Large Scale Integration), a module using a plurality of processors, a plurality of It is also possible to implement as a unit using other modules, a set obtained by further adding other functions to the unit (that is, a partial configuration of the apparatus), and the like.

In addition, this technique can also take the following structures.
(1) a unit pixel group composed of a plurality of unit pixels;
A reset control line for transmitting a reset control signal for controlling resetting of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
A select control line for transmitting a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
By generating the reset control signal, selecting the reset control line, and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, The reset control signal is output by resetting the floating diffusion, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. A control unit that reads out the level of the floating diffusion for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group, including any one of the combination of unit pixels to which the reset control line is connected. An imaging device comprising:
(2) The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array,
The reset control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each reset control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The select control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column,
The control unit generates the reset control signal, selects the reset control line, and outputs the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, whereby each unit of a desired row of the pixel array The reset is performed by causing the pixel to perform the reset, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. The imaging element according to (1), wherein the reset level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel in a desired column in the row of unit pixels of the pixel array that has been performed is read.
(3) The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array,
The reset control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each reset control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column,
The select control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The control unit generates the reset control signal, selects the reset control line, and outputs the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, whereby each unit of a desired column of the pixel array The reset is performed by causing the pixel to perform the reset, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. The imaging element according to (1) or (2), wherein the reset level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel in a desired row in the unit pixel column of the pixel array is read.
(4) The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein a reset power source voltage and a source follower power source voltage are supplied to the unit pixels through different wirings.
(5) The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein a reset power supply voltage and a source follower power supply voltage are supplied to the unit pixel through a common wiring.
(6) A transfer control line for transmitting a transfer control signal for controlling transfer of charges accumulated in a photodiode to the floating diffusion for the unit pixels to which the unit pixel group is connected,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, so that a desired unit pixel of the unit pixel group is output. The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the charge is transferred with respect to the combination.
(7) The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array,
The transfer control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each transfer control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The select control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby each unit of a desired row of the pixel array By transferring the charge to a pixel, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, The image sensor according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein a signal level of the floating diffusion of a unit pixel of a desired column in a row of unit pixels of the pixel array to which charge is transferred is read.
(8) The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array.
The transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel column of the pixel array,
Each transfer control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column,
The select control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby each unit of a desired column of the pixel array By transferring the charge to a pixel, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel in a desired row of the unit pixel column of the pixel array to which charge transfer has been performed is read.
(9) The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array,
The transfer control line is
A first transfer control line provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array, each connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row;
A second transfer control line provided for each unit pixel column of the pixel array and connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column,
The select control line is provided for each row or column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row or column,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the first transfer control line and the second transfer control line, and selects the first transfer control line and the generated transfer control signal. By outputting to the second transfer control line, the unit transfers the charge to the desired unit pixel of the pixel array, generates the select control signal, and transfers the charge. By selecting the select control line in a row or column including pixels and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, the signal of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred The image sensor according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the level is read.
(10) The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which the unit pixels are arranged in an array.
The transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel of the pixel array,
The select control line is provided for each row or column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row or column,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby a desired unit pixel of the pixel array is output. Transfer the charge, further generate the select control signal, select the select control line in the row or column including the unit pixel to which the charge transfer was performed, and generate the select control signal The image sensor according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred is read by outputting to the selected select control line.
(11) The unit pixel includes a plurality of photodiodes,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, so that a desired unit pixel of the unit pixel group is output. The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein a charge accumulated in a desired photodiode is transferred with respect to the combination.
(12) The control unit generates the select control signal, selects all the select control lines, and outputs the generated select control signal to all the select control lines, thereby performing an auto-zero operation. The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (11).
(13) The system according to any one of (1) to (12), further including an A / D conversion unit that performs A / D conversion on the level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel based on the control of the control unit. Image sensor.
(14) The A / D converter is provided for each partial region that divides the region where the unit pixel group is formed into a plurality of regions, and the floating portion read from the unit pixels included in the corresponding partial region. The image pickup device according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the diffusion level is A / D converted.
(15) having a plurality of semiconductor substrates;
The image sensor according to any one of (1) to (14), wherein the A / D conversion unit is formed on a semiconductor substrate different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.
(16) The A / D converter is
A reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage;
A comparison unit that compares the level of the floating diffusion read out from the unit pixel with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit;
A counter that counts until the comparison result of the comparison unit changes,
The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (15), wherein the reference voltage generation unit, the comparison unit, and the counter are formed on a semiconductor substrate different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.
(17) The A / D converter is
A reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage;
A comparison unit that compares the level of the floating diffusion read out from the unit pixel with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit;
A counter that counts until the comparison result of the comparison unit changes,
The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (16), wherein the counter is formed on a semiconductor substrate different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.
(18) The level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel is changed from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed to a semiconductor substrate on which the A / D conversion unit is formed by one or a plurality of wirings. The imaging device according to any one of (1) to (17).
(19) A reset control line for generating a reset control signal for controlling resetting of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel and transmitting the reset control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group consisting of a plurality of unit pixels is connected. And outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line to cause the floating diffusion to be reset for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group,
The select control signal for controlling the reading of the level of the floating diffusion is generated, the select control line for transmitting the select control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected is selected, and the generated select By outputting a control signal to the selected select control line, the unit pixel group includes any one of the combination unit pixels to which the reset control line outputting the reset control signal is connected. A control method for reading the floating diffusion level for a combination of unit pixels.
(20) an imaging unit for imaging a subject;
An image processing unit that performs image processing on image data obtained by imaging by the imaging unit,
The imaging unit
A unit pixel group composed of a plurality of unit pixels;
A reset control line for transmitting a reset control signal for controlling resetting of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
A select control line for transmitting a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
By generating the reset control signal, selecting the reset control line, and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, The reset control signal is output by resetting the floating diffusion, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. A control unit that reads out the level of the floating diffusion for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group, including any one of the combination of unit pixels to which the reset control line is connected. An imaging apparatus comprising:

100 image sensor, 101 pixel array, 111 unit pixel, 121 pixel unit, 131 A / D conversion unit, 152 area scanning unit, 161 D / A conversion unit, 162 comparison unit, 163 counter, 171 photodiode, 172 transfer transistor, 173 reset transistor, 174 amplification transistor, 175 select transistor, 181 selection unit, 600 imaging device, 612 CMOS image sensor

Claims

A unit pixel group composed of a plurality of unit pixels;
A reset control line for transmitting a reset control signal for controlling resetting of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
A select control line for transmitting a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
By generating the reset control signal, selecting the reset control line, and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, The reset control signal is output by resetting the floating diffusion, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. A control unit that reads out the level of the floating diffusion for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group, including any one of the combination of unit pixels to which the reset control line is connected. An imaging device comprising:
The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array,
The reset control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each reset control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The select control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column,
The control unit generates the reset control signal, selects the reset control line, and outputs the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, whereby each unit of a desired row of the pixel array The reset is performed by causing the pixel to perform the reset, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein a reset level of the floating diffusion of a unit pixel in a desired column in a row of unit pixels of the pixel array is read.
The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array,
The reset control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each reset control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column,
The select control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The control unit generates the reset control signal, selects the reset control line, and outputs the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, whereby each unit of a desired column of the pixel array The reset is performed by causing the pixel to perform the reset, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein a reset level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel in a desired row of the unit pixel column of the pixel array is read.
The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the reset power supply voltage and the source follower power supply voltage are supplied to the unit pixel through different wirings.
The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein a reset power source voltage and a source follower power source voltage are supplied to the unit pixel through a common wiring.
A transfer control line for transmitting a transfer control signal for controlling transfer of charges accumulated in a photodiode to the floating diffusion for a unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, so that a desired unit pixel of the unit pixel group is output. The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein the charge is transferred with respect to the combination.
The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array,
The transfer control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each transfer control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The select control line is provided for each column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned column,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby each unit of a desired row of the pixel array By transferring the charge to a pixel, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, The imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel of a desired column in the row of the unit pixel of the pixel array to which charge transfer is performed is read out.
The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array,
The transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel column of the pixel array,
Each transfer control line is connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column,
The select control line is provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby each unit of a desired column of the pixel array By transferring the charge to a pixel, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, The imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel in a desired row of the unit pixel column of the pixel array to which charge transfer is performed is read out.
The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array,
The transfer control line is
A first transfer control line provided for each row of unit pixels of the pixel array, each connected to each unit pixel of the assigned row;
A second transfer control line provided for each unit pixel column of the pixel array and connected to each unit pixel of the assigned column,
The select control line is provided for each row or column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row or column,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the first transfer control line and the second transfer control line, and selects the first transfer control line and the generated transfer control signal. By outputting to the second transfer control line, the unit transfers the charge to the desired unit pixel of the pixel array, generates the select control signal, and transfers the charge. By selecting the select control line in a row or column including pixels and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line, the signal of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred The imaging device according to claim 6, wherein a level is read out.
The unit pixel group is a pixel array in which each unit pixel is arranged in an array,
The transfer control line is provided for each unit pixel of the pixel array,
The select control line is provided for each row or column of unit pixels of the pixel array,
Each select control line is connected to each unit pixel in the assigned row or column,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, whereby a desired unit pixel of the pixel array is output. Transfer the charge, further generate the select control signal, select the select control line in the row or column including the unit pixel to which the charge transfer was performed, and generate the select control signal The imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the signal level of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel to which the charge is transferred is read by outputting the selected control line to the selected control line.
The unit pixel has a plurality of photodiodes,
The control unit generates the transfer control signal, selects the transfer control line, and outputs the generated transfer control signal to the selected transfer control line, so that a desired unit pixel of the unit pixel group is output. The imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the charge accumulated in a desired photodiode is transferred with respect to the combination.
The control unit generates the select control signal, selects all the select control lines, and outputs the generated select control signal to all the select control lines, thereby performing an auto-zero operation. The imaging device described in 1.
The imaging device according to claim 1, further comprising an A / D conversion unit that performs A / D conversion on the level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel based on the control of the control unit.
The A / D converter is provided for each partial region that divides the region where the unit pixel group is formed into a plurality of levels, and the floating diffusion level read from the unit pixels included in the corresponding partial region The image sensor according to claim 13, wherein A / D conversion is performed.
Having a plurality of semiconductor substrates,
The imaging device according to claim 13, wherein the A / D conversion unit is formed on a semiconductor substrate different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.
The A / D converter is
A reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage;
A comparison unit that compares the level of the floating diffusion read out from the unit pixel with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit;
A counter that counts until the comparison result of the comparison unit changes,
The imaging device according to claim 15, wherein the reference voltage generation unit, the comparison unit, and the counter are formed on a semiconductor substrate different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.
The A / D converter is
A reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage;
A comparison unit that compares the level of the floating diffusion read out from the unit pixel with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation unit;
A counter that counts until the comparison result of the comparison unit changes,
The imaging device according to claim 15, wherein the counter is formed on a semiconductor substrate different from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed.
The level of the floating diffusion read from the unit pixel is transmitted from a semiconductor substrate on which the unit pixel group is formed to a semiconductor substrate on which the A / D conversion unit is formed by one or a plurality of wirings. The imaging device according to claim 15.
Generate a reset control signal for controlling the reset of the floating diffusion of the unit pixel, and select a reset control line that transmits the reset control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group consisting of a plurality of unit pixels is connected. And outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line to reset the floating diffusion for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group,
The select control signal for controlling the reading of the level of the floating diffusion is generated, the select control line for transmitting the select control signal to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected is selected, and the generated select By outputting a control signal to the selected select control line, the unit pixel group includes any one of the combination unit pixels to which the reset control line outputting the reset control signal is connected. A control method for reading the floating diffusion level for a combination of unit pixels.
An imaging unit for imaging a subject;
An image processing unit that performs image processing on image data obtained by imaging by the imaging unit,
The imaging unit
A unit pixel group composed of a plurality of unit pixels;
A reset control line for transmitting a reset control signal for controlling resetting of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
A select control line for transmitting a select control signal for controlling reading of the level of the floating diffusion to the unit pixel to which the unit pixel group is connected;
By generating the reset control signal, selecting the reset control line, and outputting the generated reset control signal to the selected reset control line, for a desired unit pixel combination of the unit pixel group, The reset control signal is output by resetting the floating diffusion, generating the select control signal, selecting the select control line, and outputting the generated select control signal to the selected select control line. A control unit that reads out the level of the floating diffusion for a desired combination of unit pixels of the unit pixel group, including any one of the combination of unit pixels to which the reset control line is connected. An imaging apparatus comprising: