WO2015154297A1 - 医用转动式开关接头 - Google Patents

医用转动式开关接头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154297A1
WO2015154297A1 PCT/CN2014/075140 CN2014075140W WO2015154297A1 WO 2015154297 A1 WO2015154297 A1 WO 2015154297A1 CN 2014075140 W CN2014075140 W CN 2014075140W WO 2015154297 A1 WO2015154297 A1 WO 2015154297A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joint
infusion
valve core
rotary switch
core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/075140
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈永曦
Original Assignee
福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司 filed Critical 福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/075140 priority Critical patent/WO2015154297A1/zh
Publication of WO2015154297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154297A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
    • A61M39/223—Multiway valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
    • A61M2039/1083—Tube connectors; Tube couplings having a plurality of female connectors, e.g. Luer connectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
    • A61M2039/1088—Tube connectors; Tube couplings having a plurality of male connectors, e.g. Luer connectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medical medical auxiliary device, which is a connecting switch for liquid shunting, confluence and pumping drainage in medical operation, in particular to a medical rotary switch joint.
  • Fig. 1 In the field of existing medical technology, in order to realize the operation of liquid confluence and pumping and drainage, the method shown in Fig. 1 is adopted, which is Y.
  • the type connector is directly connected to the external indwelling catheter to form a multi-channel communication channel, and the Y-connector interface branch end is fixed with a needle infusion connector or a needleless infusion connector, and the infusion connector is used for connecting a medical device such as an infusion set.
  • Intravascular indwelling catheter end need to drive the reverse flow of blood in the catheter, the operation is too cumbersome, if you do not drive blood operation, Y
  • the type joint must be connected with an expensive needle-free joint capable of generating positive liquid flow, which has a small economic burden on the patient; and in the case of intermittent infusion, the liquid injection channel cannot be shut off, and the liquid flow regulating valve is used to cut off the liquid.
  • Flow due to external shutdown switch distance Y There is still a distance between the type joints, which will cause the infusion of the drug solution to diffuse into the truncated lumen, so that the patient is under-medicated. Therefore, in order to achieve intermittent drug delivery, the puncture needle of the infusion system needs to be pulled out to disconnect the liquid supply. When necessary, the puncture needle is re-attached, and then the liquid supply is turned on. In the case of infusion and drainage, there is the same problem as the intermittent infusion, and the above operation is also cumbersome.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a negative pressure without a negative pressure after the infusion is withdrawn, and the medicine injection channel can be shut off, and the intermittent infusion can be performed.
  • the medical rotary switch joint comprises a joint seat, an infusion joint and a liquid outlet joint, and one or two or three infusion joints are respectively connected with the joint seat, and the joint seat is connected with the human body indwelling device catheter through the liquid outlet joint, and the infusion joint core
  • the utility model has an infusion channel, and the component thereof comprises: a valve, the valve comprises a valve core and an exposed operation knob, the valve core and the operation knob or the integral structure or the split structure but are integrally connected, and the valve core is opposite to the joint seat
  • the rotation mode is sealingly connected with the corresponding part of the joint seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the valve core is provided with a guide groove along the axial direction, one end of the guide flow groove corresponds to the infusion passage port which is guided by the flow, and the other end is connected with the inner core of the joint seat.
  • the cavity is connected, and the valve is opened or closed by the alignment or misalignment by the rotation of the valve core relative to the rotating guide groove of the joint seat or the displacement of the infusion channel port, and the infusion channel is opened.
  • the flow guiding groove and the liquid passing chamber communicate with the liquid outlet passage of the core of the liquid outlet joint.
  • the infusion connector corresponding to the diversion channel can be arbitrarily turned off or opened by operating the knob and the valve core, and the intermittent infusion can be performed, and the operation is convenient. Since the valve is closer to the indwelling device catheter than the heparin cap on the infusion connector, no negative pressure is generated when the puncture needle is withdrawn and the heparin sodium needle is pulled out.
  • the object of the present invention can also be achieved by the following means.
  • a total of two infusion joints are connected to the joint seat, and the spool is circumferentially 90
  • the aliquots are provided with three independent diversion channels, wherein each of the two diversion troughs corresponds to the infusion channel port that the diversion channel guides, and the other diversion channel corresponds to the two infusion channel ports at the same time.
  • the valve can have four on-off states: conducting the first infusion channel; conducting the second infusion channel; simultaneously turning on the two infusion channels; and turning off all infusion channels.
  • you can turn the knob at any time to select the appropriate infusion method. In this way, both the purpose of intermittent infusion and the purpose of splitting and confluent infusion are easily achieved.
  • connection between the two infusion joints and the joint seat is parallel to the axis of the joint seat, and the guide groove corresponding to the infusion passage opening farther from the liquid passage has a stepped shape, and the other two guide channels They are all in a straight line parallel to the spool axis.
  • the joint seat has a cylindrical shape, and one end of the infusion joint is perpendicular or obliquely intersecting with the cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical side wall at the intersection is provided with a small hole passage through the infusion channel and the liquid passage.
  • the small hole passage is an infusion passage port corresponding to the corresponding guide groove.
  • the two infusion joints respectively correspond to the two ends of the cylindrical joint, the intersections are on the same busbar or respectively on the different busbars and the cylindrical joints Coherent.
  • the three infusion joints or the same busbar spacing along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical joint are respectively intersected with the cylindrical joint. Or it can be connected to the cylindrical joint on different busbars.
  • the utility model further comprises a positioning device arranged between the valve core and the joint seat for positioning the card to contact each other and being disengageable from the card under the action of an external force.
  • the positioning device has a plurality of positioning points, respectively and each The strip guide groove and the closed state of the valve correspond.
  • the bottom end surface of the operation knob is closed on the top surface of the joint seat, and the positioning device is a rib and a rib groove correspondingly disposed on the respective joint faces of the two, and the rib can be trapped in the rib groove, the number of the groove and the positioning point The numbers correspond to the same.
  • the positioning device also includes an elastic configuration in which the pre-tightening direction of the elastic structure coincides with the direction in which the positioning is caught.
  • the pre-tightening force of the elastic structure always pulls the positioning card together, and the external force that is disengaged from the card needs to overcome the elastic pre-tightening force.
  • the valve core is made of a soft material having elasticity and is used as the elastic structure.
  • the positioning device is used for positioning the position of the valve core relative to the joint seat, the valve body itself has elasticity, thereby omitting a single additional elastic structure, which makes the structure simpler.
  • valve and joint including the positioning device and optimized is:
  • the valve comprises a valve core, a core rod and an exposed operating knob.
  • the three are separately constructed but integrated into one body.
  • the valve core is a plunger body which conforms to the shape of the core sliding cavity of the joint seat and can be rotated in the sliding cavity.
  • One end is a flat surface that abuts on the upper end surface of the sliding cavity, and the other end is a convex step, the convex step is matched with the stepped circular hole on the bottom end of the sliding cavity, and the valve core is made of medical soft material.
  • the core rod is a long nail rod
  • the rod is a rectangular cylinder, which is matched with the middle hole of the valve core
  • the core rod is penetrated by the valve core convex step
  • the rod head passes through the upper end surface of the valve core
  • the rod end nail head is pressed against
  • the operating end of the valve body is a cover body
  • the middle of the cover body is a rectangular through hole, which is closely fixed with the outer circumference of the core rod
  • the inner end surface of the cover body is provided with a cross-shaped triangular rib, the cross rib and the joint seat.
  • Cross-distributed The V-shaped rib grooves are matched to each other and constitute a positioning device.
  • the operation knob because the core rod is fixed to it, the spool is driven to rotate, and the inner rib of the knob climbs over V.
  • the positioning of the rib groove drives the core rod to move upward, and the nail head on the core rod pulls the convex deformation of the valve core to make the stepped circular hole space at the bottom of the occupied sliding cavity, and the liquid in the original connected infusion channel is filled into the cavity.
  • the cross rib on the knob falls on the switch seat under the elastic restoring force of the spool V
  • the valve core is restored to the original shape, and again occupies the stepped circular hole cavity at the bottom of the sliding cavity, and the liquid in the stepped circular hole cavity is discharged into the liquid outlet passage to generate a forward flow. Since the outer peripheral surface of the spool coincides with the inner surface of the sliding cavity, and it has soft material characteristics, it constitutes a sealing fit.
  • the connector base is a valve body including one or two or three infusion channel bodies, a sliding cavity body and a liquid outlet connector, the infusion channel body is connected to the sliding cavity body, and the infusion channel body has An inner cavity of the infusion joint is disposed, and the bottom of the inner cavity communicates with the sliding cavity through a small hole passage penetrating the side wall of the sliding cavity, and the valve core is coaxially fitted into the sliding cavity from one end of the sliding cavity body, and the liquid outlet joint is solid Connected to the other end of the sliding cavity, the liquid outlet channel penetrates the sliding cavity, and the sliding cavity between the through hole and the liquid outlet end of the guiding groove is an over liquid chamber.
  • the bottom end surface of the valve core is entirely suspended above the bottom end surface of the inner cavity of the joint seat, and the bottom end faces are axially spaced apart, and the interval is an over liquid chamber.
  • the bottom end support of the valve core is contacted on the bottom end surface of the inner cavity of the joint seat, and a sealing joint connection is formed between the two bottom end faces, but an end face groove is concavely formed on the bottom end surface of the inner cavity of the joint seat, and the end face groove is Liquid chamber.
  • the liquid outlet joint is composed of a conical male joint and a movable nut which is inserted into the outer periphery thereof.
  • the rear end of the male joint has a convex ring card whose nut axis movement is limited, and the male joint is inserted into the conical female joint connected with the extracorporeal indwelling catheter.
  • the movable nut and the female connector are screwed together.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the liquid outlet joint and the inner surface of the female joint can be closely matched, so that the liquid outlet channel communicates with the inner cavity of the female joint and the lumen of the indwelling catheter.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: after the infusion is finished, the negative pressure is not generated after the puncture needle is withdrawn, and the liquid injection channel can be shut off, and the intermittent infusion can be performed, or the shunt or the shunt can be performed. Confluent infusion, easy to use, suitable for a variety of medical applications.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a connector of the prior art connected to a hose of a human external indwelling device.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view showing the connection of the medical rotary switch joint of the embodiment 1 of the present invention and the hose of the external human body indwelling device.
  • FIG 3 is a structural schematic view showing the medical rotary switch joint of the preferred embodiment of the present invention connected to the female joint of the external human body indwelling device.
  • Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of a valve body in the medical rotary switch joint of the embodiment 1 and the preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a liquid outlet joint in the medical rotary switch joint according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic front elevational view showing the structure of a valve core in a medical rotary switch joint according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and a preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 9 is the left view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is the right side view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a top view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of an operation knob in the medical rotary switch joint of the embodiment 1 and the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a liquid outlet joint in a medical rotary switch joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the medical rotary switch joint including the joint seat 2, the infusion joint 6, the liquid outlet joint 1 And the valve, a total of two infusion joints 6 are respectively connected with the joint seat 2, the joint seat 2 is connected with the human body indwelling device conduit through the liquid outlet joint 1, the inner core of the infusion joint 6 has an infusion channel, and the valve includes a valve core 4
  • the core rod 5 and the exposed operation knob 3 are three-piece structure but integrated into one body, and the valve body 4 is sealingly connected with the corresponding portion of the joint base 2 in a manner of rotating relative to the joint base 2.
  • the joint 2 is a type including two infusion channel bodies 2.1 a sliding cavity 2.4, a valve body of the fluid outlet 1, the infusion channel body 2.1 is connected to the sliding cavity 2.4, and the infusion channel body 2.1 has a lumen for the infusion connector 6 2.2
  • the bottom of the inner cavity 2.2 communicates with the sliding cavity 2.6 through a small hole passage 2.3 penetrating through the side wall of the sliding cavity, and the spool 4 is coaxially fitted into the sliding cavity from the end of the sliding cavity 2.4.
  • a sealed connection similar to the plunger and the cylinder is formed.
  • the liquid outlet joint 1 is fixed to the other end portion of the sliding cavity 2.4, and the upper portion of the inner cavity serves as the bottom of the sliding chamber 2.6, and the liquid outlet passage 1.2 and the sliding chamber 2.6 Through, the sliding cavity between the through hole and the liquid outlet end of the guiding groove is the liquid passing chamber 1.1.
  • the axis and the sliding cavity of the inner cavity 2.2 of the above two infusion channel bodies 2.1 The axes are on the same plane.
  • the bottom end support of the spool 4 is contacted on the bottom end surface of the sliding chamber 2.6, and a sealing fit connection is formed between the two bottom end faces, but in the sliding cavity 2.6
  • An end face groove is recessed on the bottom end surface, and the end face groove is an over liquid chamber 1.1.
  • the spool 4 is a sliding chamber 2.6
  • the shape of the plunger body can be rotated in the sliding cavity, one end is a flat surface, which is against the upper end surface of the sliding cavity 2.6, and the other end is a convex step, and the convex step is opposite to the stepped hole 1.3 of the liquid outlet joint 1.
  • Match, spool 4 Made of medical soft material and elastic, three axially extending guide grooves are formed around the outer circumference of the plunger, which are short straight groove 4.1, long straight groove 4.2, and step bending groove 4.3.
  • Spool 4 Circumferentially spaced 90 degrees in the circumferential direction, stepped grooved groove 4.3
  • Two vertical sections and short straight grooves 4.1, long straight groove 4.2 are parallel to the axis of the spool 4
  • short straight groove 4.1 is the conduction joint seat 2
  • the lower branch channel 2.3, the step slot is to open the small hole channel 2.3, and the long straight groove lies in the common conduction of the upper and lower branch channel 2.3.
  • In the middle of the spool 4 is a rectangular through hole.
  • the core rod 5 is a long shank, the rod is a rectangular cylinder, which coincides with the middle hole of the valve core 4, and the core rod 5 is composed of the valve core 4
  • the convex step penetrates, the head passes through the upper end surface of the valve core 4, and the tail nail head abuts against the convex end surface of the valve core 4.
  • the operation knob 3 is a cover body, and the inner and outer end faces of the cover have a boss 3.3 and a boss 3.3.
  • a rectangular through hole 3.2 In the middle is a rectangular through hole 3.2, which is closely fixed with the outer circumference of the core rod 5.
  • the inner end surface of the cover is provided with a cross-shaped triangular rib 3.1, the cross rib 3.1 and the V-shaped rib groove of the cross of the switch seat. 2.5 Match and form a positioning device.
  • the present invention is so effective: turning the operation knob 3, because the core rod 5 is fixed thereto, the spool 4 is rotated, and the inner rib of the knob 3.1 Climb over the V-shaped positioning rib groove 2.5, drive the core rod 5 up, the nail head on the core rod pulls the valve core 4 convex deformation deformation, let the occupied stepped hole of the liquid outlet joint 1 In the space, the liquid in the original connected infusion channel is replenished into the cavity, and there is no groove in the cylinder section of the cylinder 4 without a groove. 4.4 The middle part is transferred to the joint seat 2 The small hole channel is 2.3 At the moment, the cross rib on the knob 3.1 falls into the joint seat under the elastic restoring force of the valve core.
  • V-shaped rib groove 2.5 In the middle, at the same time, the valve core is restored to the original shape, and the stepped circular hole cavity of the liquid outlet joint is again occupied, and the liquid in the stepped circular hole cavity is discharged into the liquid outlet passage. , producing a forward flow. Since the outer peripheral surface of the spool coincides with the inner surface of the sliding cavity, and it has soft material characteristics, it constitutes a sealing fit, and the small hole passage on the joint seat 2.3 All are blocked, and each channel and the diversion channel are not connected to each other in an off state.
  • step bending groove Long vertical section one end outlet to the upper liquid outlet joint 1
  • the end face groove of the upper sliding chamber passes through the liquid chamber 1.1, and the upper branch infusion channel communicates with the liquid outlet channel through the step bending groove and the liquid passing chamber 1.1. You can infuse the liquid.
  • the medical rotary switch connector can be a free-standing three-way switch because the liquid outlet connector is not fixedly linked to the hose.
  • the tap fitting 1 is made of a conical male connector 1.4 and a movable nut that fits over the periphery thereof.
  • male joint 1.4 The rear end has a raised ring card 1.5, the nut axis movement is limited by the ring card 1.5, the male joint 1.4 inserts the conical female joint connected with the extracorporeal indwelling catheter, the movable nut 7 Screw the screw on the female connector, due to the movable nut 7 and the ring card 1.5
  • the snapping action enables the outer peripheral surface of the liquid outlet joint to closely fit the inner surface of the female joint, such that the liquid outlet passage communicates with the female joint lumen and the indwelling catheter lumen.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种医用转动式开关接头，包括接头座（2）、输液接头（6）、出液接头（1）以及阀门。该阀门包括阀芯（4）和突露在外的操作旋钮（3），阀芯（4）与操作旋钮（3）或者一体构造或者分体构造但连接成一体。阀芯（4）以相对接头座（2）转动的方式与接头座（2）对应部位密封连接。阀芯（4）外周面上沿轴向设置有导流槽，该导流槽一端与其导流的输液通道口对应，另一端则与接头座（2）内芯的过液腔连通。该转动式开关接头可用于医疗操作上液体分流、合流及抽注引流等场合的接驳开关，输液结束撤出穿刺针后，不会产生负压，且可关断药液注入通道，进行间歇式输液，也可进行分流或合流输注，操作方便，适于多种医疗场合。

Description

医用转动式开关接头 说明书内容
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医用医疗辅助器械，是一种用于医疗操作上液体分流、合流及抽注引流等场合的接驳开关，特别是一种医用转动式开关接头。
技术背景
在现有医疗技术领域中为了实现液体合流及抽注引流等操作，采用如图 1 所示方法，是 Y 型接头直接连接人体外留置导管，构成多路连通通道， Y 型接头接口支路端固接有针输液接头或无针输液接头，输液接头用于连接输液器等医疗器械。这种 Y 型接头不适合用于药液分流场合，即一端供液，多端出液；在输液场合，当输液结束，肝素钠冲管后，撤出穿刺针，会产生负压，导致病患血液倒流进血管内留置导管端部，需作驱赶导管内倒流血液操作，操作太繁琐，若要不作驱赶血液操作， Y 型接头必须驳接昂贵的能产生正向液体流动的无针接头，对病患造成不小经济负担；而且在间歇式输液场合，无法关断药液注入通道，通过外部流量调节阀来截止液流，由于外部关断开关距离 Y 型接头还有一段距离，会令正在输注药液扩散进截断的管腔内，使得病患受药量不足，因而为了实现间歇供药，需拔出输注系统的穿刺针断开供液，需要时再驳接穿刺针，再接通供液，还有在输注引流场合，存在同间歇式输液场合一样问题缺陷，上述操作也很繁琐。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足之处，而提供一种输液结束撤出穿刺针后，不会产生负压，且可关断药液注入通道，得以进行间歇式输液，使用操作方便，适合医疗多种场合使用的医用正压开关接头。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术实现：
医用转动式开关接头，包括接头座、输液接头以及出液接头，共有一个或两个或者三个输液接头分别与接头座连接，接头座通过出液接头与人体留置器械导管连接，输液接头内芯具有输液通道，其组成要点在于：还包括一种阀门，阀门包括阀芯和突露在外的操作旋钮，阀芯与操作旋钮或者一体构造或者分体构造但连接成一体，阀芯以相对接头座转动的方式与接头座对应部位密封连接，阀芯外周面上沿轴向设置有导流槽，此导流槽一端与其导流的输液通道口对应，另一端则与接头座内芯的过液腔连通，藉着阀芯相对接头座的转动导流槽此端口或者与此输液通道口对位或者与此输液通道口错位，阀门藉着此对位或者错位而开通或者关断，输液通道经由此导流槽以及过液腔与出液接头内芯的出液通道连通。
这样，通过操作旋钮和阀芯可以随意关断或开通该导流槽所对应的输液接头，得以进行间歇式输液，且使用操作方便。而由于此阀门相对输液接头上的肝素帽更靠近留置器械导管，这样在进行撤出穿刺针作业、拔出肝素钠冲管针时，不会产生负压。
本发明的目的还可以通过以下途径来实现。
共有两个输液接头分别与接头座连接，阀芯上沿圆周方向 90 度等分间隔设置有三条各自独立的导流槽，其中两条导流槽各自与其所导流的输液通道口相对应，另一条导流槽则同时与该两个输液通道口相对应。
这样，阀门可以有四种通断状态：导通第一输液通道；导通第二输液通道；同时导通两个输液通道；关断所有输液通道。临床需要时，可随时转动旋钮，选择相应的输液方式。如此，既实现了间歇式输注目的，也轻易实现了分流、合流输注的目的。
上述两个输液接头与接头座连接处的连线与接头座的轴线相平行，与较远离过液腔的输液通道口对应的导流槽呈一种阶梯弯折形，另外两条导流槽均呈与阀芯轴线相平行的直线形。
接头座呈一种圆筒形，输液接头一端头与此圆筒形垂直相贯或者倾斜相贯，相贯处的圆筒形侧壁上设置有贯穿输液通道和过液腔的小孔通道，此小孔通道即为与相应导流槽对应的输液通道口。
当共有两个输液接头时，该两个输液接头或者分别对应与此圆筒形接头座的两端部相贯，相贯处位于同一母线上或者分别在不同的母线上与此圆筒形接头座相贯。
当共有三个输液接头时，该三个输液接头或者分别沿此圆筒形接头座的外周面的同一母线间隔与此圆筒形接头座相贯。或者分别在不同的母线上与此圆筒形接头座相贯。
还包括一种设置在阀芯与接头座之间用于定位卡触该二者相互位置关系、在外力作用下又可脱离卡触的定位装置，此定位装置共有复数个定位点，分别与每条导流槽以及阀门的关断状态相对应。
这样，通过定位装置在每个定位点的卡触，从而确知相应导流槽的导通或者阀门的关断。
操作旋钮底端面盖合在接头座顶端面上，定位装置是一种对应设置在二者各自接合面上的筋条和筋槽，筋条可陷落在此筋槽中，筋槽数量与定位点数量对应相同。
而筋条数量或者是一条
或者是与筋槽数量相同的复数条，或者是少于筋槽数量的复数条，但筋槽需沿圆周方向等分均布，而筋条相互间需按此等分间隔分布。这样方能保证任意定位状态，所有筋条均能陷入相应的筋槽中。
此定位装置还包括一种弹性构造，此弹性构造的预紧力方向与定位卡触的方向相一致。
这样，该弹性构造的预紧力总是将定位卡触拉合在一起，脱离卡触的外力需要克服该弹性预紧力。
关于这种弹性构造有多种选择，可以是选用弹簧，但最好是：阀芯选择具有弹性的软质材料制成并以此作为此弹性构造。
由于定位装置就是用于定位阀芯相对接头座的相互位置，使阀芯本身就具有弹性，从而省略了单一另设的弹性构造，使结构更简单。
包括这种定位装置并优化后的阀门与接头座的构造是：
阀门包括阀芯、芯杆和突露在外的操作旋钮，三者分体构造但连接成一体，阀芯是一与接头座内芯滑动腔形状相吻合的柱塞体，可在滑动腔内转动，其一端是一平整面，抵在滑动腔的上端面上，另一端是一凸阶，凸阶与滑动腔底端上的的阶梯圆孔相匹配，阀芯由医用软性材料制成而具有弹性，芯杆是一长钉杆，杆呈矩形柱体，与阀芯中间孔相吻合，芯杆由阀芯凸阶穿入，杆头穿出阀芯上端面，杆尾钉头抵住阀芯凸阶端面，操作旋钮是一盖体，盖体中间是一矩形通孔，与芯杆外周紧密固接配合，盖体内端面设置呈十字分布三角状筋条，十字筋条与接头座的十字分布的 V 形筋槽相搭配，并组成定位装置。
转动操作旋钮，由于芯杆固接其上，带动阀芯转动，旋钮内筋条爬过 V 形定位筋槽，带动芯杆上移，芯杆上钉头拉动阀芯凸阶压缩变形，让出占据的滑动腔底部的阶梯圆孔空间，原有连通的输液通道内液体补充进该空腔，并当阀芯柱面中不设导流槽的无槽关断面转至输液通道口处时，旋钮上十字筋条在阀芯弹性恢复力作用下，落入开关座上 V 形定位槽中，同时阀芯凸阶恢复原形，再次占据滑动腔底部的阶梯圆孔孔腔，阶梯圆孔孔腔内液体被排入出液通道，产生一正向液流。由于阀芯外周表面与滑动腔内表面相吻合，而且其具有软性材质特性，构成密封配合。
显然，这种构造还产生了正向液流这一正压作用，这是本构造出乎意料的效果。
接头座是一种包括有或者一个或者两个或者三个输注通道体、一滑动腔体、一出液接头的阀体，输注通道体与滑动腔体相贯接，输注通道体具有安设输液接头的内腔，该内腔底部通过贯穿滑动腔体侧壁的小孔通道与滑动腔连通，阀芯自该滑动腔体一端部同轴套装入此滑动腔中，出液接头固接在该滑动腔体另一端部，出液通道与此滑动腔贯通，此贯通口与导流槽出液端之间的滑动腔为过液腔。
关于过液腔的进一步优化 :
阀芯底端面整体悬空在接头座内腔底端面之上，该两个底端面之间具有轴向间隔，此间隔为过液腔。或者
阀芯底端面支撑触接在接头座内腔底端面上，该两个底端面之间形成密封的配合连接，但在该接头座内腔底端面上凹设有端面槽，此端面槽为过液腔。
出液接头是由一圆锥阳接头和套入其外围的活动螺母构成，阳接头后端具有一螺母轴线活动受限于此的凸起环卡，阳接头插入与体外留置导管连接的圆锥阴接头，活动螺母与阴接头上螺牙旋接。
由于活动螺母与环卡的卡接作用，令出液接头外周表面与阴接头内表面能够紧密配合，如此出液通道与阴接头内腔和留置导管管腔相连通。
综上所述，本发明相比现有技术具有如下优点：输液结束撤出穿刺针后，不会产生负压，且可关断药液注入通道，得以进行间歇式输液，也可进行分流或合流输注，使用操作方便，适合医疗多种场合使用。
附图说明
图 1 是现有技术中的一种接头与人体外留置器械的软管连接在一起的结构示意图。
图 2 是本发明实施例 1 所述医用转动式开关接头与人体外留置器械的软管连接在一起的结构示意图。
图 3 是本发明最佳实施例所述医用转动式开关接头与人体外留置器械的阴接头连接在一起的结构示意图。图 4 是本发明实施例 1 以及最佳实施例所述医用转动式开关接头中的阀体结构示意图。
图 5 是图 4 的俯视图。
图 6 是本发明实施例 1 所述医用转动式开关接头中的出液接头结构示意图。
图 7 是图 6 俯视图。
图 8 是本发明实施例 1 以及最佳实施例所述医用转动式开关接头中的阀芯结构示意主视图。
图 9 是图 8 左视图。
图 10 是图 8 右视图。
图 11 是图 8 俯视图。
图 12 是本发明实施例 1 以及最佳实施例所述医用转动式开关接头中的操作旋钮结构示意立体图。
图 13 是本发明最佳实施例所述医用转动式开关接头中的出液接头结构示意图。
标号说明：
1 出液接头 1.1 过液腔 1.2 出液通道 1.3 阶梯圆孔 1.4 阳接头 1.5 环卡 2 接头座 2.1 输注通道体 2.2 内腔 2.3 小孔通道 2.4 滑动腔体 2.5 筋槽 2.6 滑动腔 3 操作旋钮 3.1 筋条 3.2 矩形通孔 3.3 凸台 4 阀芯 4.1 短直槽 4.2 长直槽 4.3 阶梯弯折槽 4.4 无槽关断面 5 芯杆 6 输液接头 7 活动螺母。
下面结合附图对本发明进行更详尽的描述。
具体实施方式
实施例 1 ：
如图 2 所示，医用转动式开关接头，包括接头座 2 、输液接头 6 、出液接头 1 以及阀门，共有两个输液接头 6 分别与接头座 2 连接，接头座 2 通过出液接头 1 与人体留置器械导管连接，输液接头 6 内芯具有输液通道，阀门包括阀芯 4 、芯杆 5 和突露在外的操作旋钮 3 ，三者分体构造但连接成一体，阀芯 4 以相对接头座 2 转动的方式与接头座 2 对应部位密封连接。
如图 2 、图 4 、图 5 、图 6 、图 7 所示，接头座 2 是一种包括有两个输注通道体 2.1 、一滑动腔体 2.4 、一出液接头 1 的阀体，输注通道体 2.1 与滑动腔体 2.4 相贯接，输注通道体 2.1 具有安设输液接头 6 的内腔 2.2 ，该内腔 2.2 底部通过贯穿滑动腔体侧壁的小孔通道 2.3 与滑动腔 2.6 连通，阀芯 4 自该滑动腔体 2.4 一端部同轴套装入此滑动腔 2.6 中，形成一种类似柱塞与缸体的密封连接。出液接头 1 固接在该滑动腔体 2.4 另一端部，其内腔上部作为滑动腔 2.6 的底部，出液通道 1.2 与此滑动腔 2.6 贯通，此贯通口与导流槽出液端之间的滑动腔为过液腔 1.1 。上述两个输注通道体 2.1 内腔 2.2 的轴线与滑动腔 2.6 的轴线处在同一平面上。阀芯 4 底端面支撑触接在滑动腔 2.6 底端面上，该两个底端面之间形成密封的配合连接，但在该滑动腔 2.6 底端面上凹设有端面槽，此端面槽为过液腔 1.1 。
如图 8 、图 9 、图 10 、图 11 所示，阀芯 4 是一与滑动腔 2.6 形状相吻合的柱塞体，可在滑动腔内转动，一端是一平整面，抵在滑动腔 2.6 的上端面，另一端是一凸阶，凸阶与出液接头 1 的阶梯圆孔 1.3 相匹配，阀芯 4 由医用软性材料制成而具有弹性，柱塞体外周开设三条沿轴向延伸的导流槽，分别是短直槽 4.1 、长直槽 4.2 、阶梯弯折槽 4.3 ，该三条导流槽沿阀芯 4 圆周方向 90 度等分间隔分布，阶梯弯折槽 4.3 两竖段以及短直槽 4.1 、长直槽 4.2 均与阀芯 4 轴线相平行，短直槽 4.1 在于导通接头座 2 下支小孔通道 2.3 ，阶梯槽在于导通上支小孔通道 2.3 ，长直槽在于共同导通上下支小孔通道 2.3 。阀芯 4 中间是一矩形通孔。
如图 2 所示，芯杆 5 是一长钉杆，杆呈矩形柱体，与阀芯 4 中间孔相吻合，芯杆 5 由阀芯 4 凸阶穿入，杆头穿出阀芯 4 上端面，杆尾钉头抵住阀芯 4 凸阶端面。
如图 12 所示，操作旋钮 3 是一盖体，盖体内外端面各具有一凸台 3.3 ，凸台 3.3 中间是一矩形通孔 3.2 ，与芯杆 5 外周紧密固接配合，盖体内端面设置呈十字分布三角状筋条 3.1 ，十字筋条 3.1 与开关座的十字分布的 V 形筋槽 2.5 相搭配，并组成一种定位装置。
本发明是如此工作的：转动操作旋钮 3 ，由于芯杆 5 固接其上，带动阀芯 4 转动，旋钮内筋条 3.1 爬过 V 形定位筋槽 2.5 ，带动芯杆 5 上移，芯杆上钉头拉动阀芯 4 凸阶压缩变形，让出占据的出液接头 1 的阶梯圆孔 1.3 空间，原有连通的输液通道内液体补充进该空腔，并当阀芯 4 柱面中 180 度左右无槽关断面 4.4 中间部分转至接头座 2 上小孔通道 2.3 处时，旋钮上十字筋条 3.1 在阀芯弹性恢复力作用下，落入接头座上 V 形定位筋槽 2.5 中，同时阀芯凸阶恢复原形，再次占据出液接头的阶梯圆孔孔腔，阶梯圆孔孔腔内液体被排入出液通道 1.2 ，产生一正向液流。由于阀芯外周表面与滑动腔内表面相吻合，而且其具有软性材质特性，构成密封配合，接头座上小孔通道 2.3 全部被堵住，各通道及导流槽互不相通处于关断状态。
当需要其中上支输液通道输注操作时，通过转动旋钮，旋钮上十字筋条爬过 V 字槽，在阀芯弹力作用下落入开关座上 V 形定位槽中，同时带动阀芯转至阶梯弯折槽 4.3 短竖段与上支输液通道的小孔通道 2.3 对准，阶梯弯折槽 4.3 长竖段一端出口对上出液接头 1 上滑动腔底端的端面槽过液腔 1.1 ，上支输注通道通过阶梯弯折槽和过液腔 1.1 与出液通道 1.2 连通 , 即可输注液体。当不需要这个通道时，转动旋钮至关断位置，旋钮十字筋条落入 V 形槽中，同时产生正向液流。当需要其中下支输液通道输注操作时，操作方法同上所述，阀芯上短直槽 4.1 与下支输液通道对齐，所需通道连通，关断方法同上所述。当同时需要两支输液通道时，转动旋钮至阀芯上长直槽 4.2 与上下支输液通道对齐，所有全部连通，如此实现了液体合流输注功能，在需要时，可随时转动旋钮，截断其中任一通道，达到间歇式输注目的。通过阀芯所处不同位置配合，根据医疗需要，也可轻松实现抽吸引流腔体积液积气和输注药物。
本实施例未述部分与现有技术相同。
最佳实施例：
如图 3 以及图 13 所示，医用转动式开关接头，由于出液接头不与软管固定链接，而可以是一种独立式三通开关。其出液接头 1 是由一圆锥阳接头 1.4 和套入其外围的活动螺母 7 构成，阳接头 1.4 后端具有一凸起环卡 1.5 ，螺母轴线活动受限于环卡 1.5 ，阳接头 1.4 插入与体外留置导管连接的圆锥阴接头，活动螺母 7 与阴接头上螺牙旋接，由于活动螺母 7 与环卡 1.5 的卡接作用，令出液接头外周表面与阴接头内表面能够紧密配合，如此出液通道与阴接头内腔和留置导管管腔相连通。
当在群体性病发，需要输注药液，而人手又不足场合，可采用如图 3 独立式三通开关，将开关串接起来，可实现统一供药，同时多人受药，大大节省了人力，降低了医务人员劳动强度。
本实施例未述部分与实施例 1 相同。

Claims (16)

  1. 医用转动式开关接头，包括接头座、输液接头以及出液接头，共有一个或两个或者三个输液接头分别与接头座连接，接头座通过出液接头与人体留置器械导管连接，输液接头内芯具有输液通道，其特征在于，还包括一种阀门，阀门包括阀芯和突露在外的操作旋钮，阀芯与操作旋钮或者一体构造或者分体构造但连接成一体，阀芯以相对接头座转动的方式与接头座对应部位密封连接，阀芯外周面上沿轴向设置有导流槽，此导流槽一端与其导流的输液通道口对应，另一端则与接头座内芯的过液腔连通，藉着阀芯相对接头座的转动导流槽此端口或者与此输液通道口对位或者与此输液通道口错位， 阀门藉着此对位或者错位而开通或者关断，输液通道经由此导流槽以及过液腔与出液接头内芯的出液通道连通。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，共有两个输液接头分别与接头座连接，阀芯上沿圆周方向 90 度等分间隔设置有三条各自独立的导流槽，其中两条导流槽各自与其所导流的输液通道口相对应，另一条导流槽则同时与该两个输液通道口相对应。
  3. 根据权利要求 2 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，上述两个输液接头与接头座连接处的连线与接头座的轴线相平行，与较远离过液腔的输液通道口对应的导流槽呈一种阶梯弯折形，另外两条导流槽均呈与阀芯轴线相平行的直线形。
  4. 根据权利要求 1 或 2 或 3 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，接头座呈一种圆筒形，输液接头一端头与此圆筒形垂直相贯或者倾斜相贯，相贯处的圆筒形侧壁上设置有贯穿输液通道和过液腔的小孔通道，此小孔通道即为与相应导流槽对应的输液通道口。
  5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，当共有两个输液接头时，该两个输液接头或者分别对应与此圆筒形接头座的两端部相贯，相贯处位于同一母线上或者分别在不同的母线上与此圆筒形接头座相贯。
  6. 根据权利要求 4 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，当共有三个输液接头时，该三个输液接头或者分别沿此圆筒形接头座的外周面的同一母线间隔与此圆筒形接头座相贯。或者分别在不同的母线上与此圆筒形接头座相贯。
  7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，还包括一种设置在阀芯与接头座之间用于定位卡触该二者相互位置关系、在外力作用下又可脱离卡触的定位装置，此定位装置共有复数个定位点，分别与每条导流槽以及阀门的关断状态相对应。
  8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，操作旋钮底端面盖合在接头座顶端面上，定位装置是一种对应设置在二者各自接合面上的筋条和筋槽，筋条可陷落在此筋槽中，筋槽数量与定位点数量对应相同。
  9. 根据权利要求 8 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，筋条数量或者是一条或者是与筋槽数量相同的复数条，或者是少于筋槽数量的复数条，但筋槽需沿圆周方向等分均布，而筋条相互间需按此等分间隔分布。
  10. 根据权利要求 7 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，此定位装置还包括一种弹性构造，此弹性构造的预紧力方向与定位卡触的方向相一致。
  11. 根据权利要求 7 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，阀芯选择具有弹性的软质材料制成并以此作为此弹性构造，此弹性构造的预紧力方向与定位卡触的方向相一致。
  12. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，阀门包括阀芯、芯杆和突露在外的操作旋钮，三者分体构造但连接成一体，阀芯是一与接头座内芯滑动腔形状相吻合的柱塞体，可在滑动腔内转动，其一端是一平整面，抵在滑动腔的上端面上，另一端是一凸阶，凸阶与滑动腔底端上的的阶梯圆孔相匹配，阀芯由医用软性材料制成而具有弹性，芯杆是一长钉杆，杆呈矩形柱体，与阀芯中间孔相吻合，芯杆由阀芯凸阶穿入，杆头穿出阀芯上端面，杆尾钉头抵住阀芯凸阶端面，操作旋钮是一盖体，盖体中间是一矩形通孔，与芯杆外周紧密固接配合，盖体内端面设置呈十字分布三角状筋条，十字筋条与接头座的十字分布的 V 形筋槽相搭配，并组成定位装置。
  13. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，接头座是一种包括有或者一个或者两个或者三个输注通道体、一滑动腔体、一出液接头的阀体，输注通道体与滑动腔体相贯接，输注通道体具有安设输液接头的内腔，该内腔底部通过贯穿滑动腔体侧壁的小孔通道与滑动腔连通，阀芯自该滑动腔体一端部同轴套装入此滑动腔中，出液接头固接在该滑动腔体另一端部，出液通道与此滑动腔贯通，此贯通口与导流槽出液端之间的滑动腔为过液腔。
  14. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，阀芯底端面整体悬空在接头座内腔底端面之上，该两个底端面之间具有轴向间隔，此间隔为过液腔。
  15. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，阀芯底端面支撑触接在接头座内腔底端面上，该两个底端面之间形成密封的配合连接，但在该接头座内腔底端面上凹设有端面槽，此端面槽为过液腔。
  16. 根据权利要求 1 所述的医用转动式开关接头，其特征在于，出液接头是由一圆锥阳接头和套入其外围的活动螺母构成，阳接头后端具有一螺母轴线活动受限于此的凸起环卡，阳接头插入与体外留置导管连接的圆锥阴接头，活动螺母与阴接头上螺牙旋接。
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