WO2015146104A1 - 仮想マシンシステムおよびその制御方法およびその制御プログラム記録媒体 - Google Patents
仮想マシンシステムおよびその制御方法およびその制御プログラム記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015146104A1 WO2015146104A1 PCT/JP2015/001577 JP2015001577W WO2015146104A1 WO 2015146104 A1 WO2015146104 A1 WO 2015146104A1 JP 2015001577 W JP2015001577 W JP 2015001577W WO 2015146104 A1 WO2015146104 A1 WO 2015146104A1
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- virtual machine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
- G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
- G06F9/5061—Partitioning or combining of resources
- G06F9/5077—Logical partitioning of resources; Management or configuration of virtualized resources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
- G06F9/48—Program initiating; Program switching, e.g. by interrupt
- G06F9/4806—Task transfer initiation or dispatching
- G06F9/4843—Task transfer initiation or dispatching by program, e.g. task dispatcher, supervisor, operating system
- G06F9/4881—Scheduling strategies for dispatcher, e.g. round robin, multi-level priority queues
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/4557—Distribution of virtual machine instances; Migration and load balancing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a virtual machine system, a control method thereof, and a control program recording medium thereof.
- the scheduler of the hypervisor allocates hardware resources to each virtual machine in a time-sharing manner, and multiple virtual machines operate. In order to efficiently use hardware resources, it is important how to control the scheduler.
- Patent Document 1 a predetermined cycle is divided into a period allocated to a virtual machine that requires real-time access and a period allocated to a virtual machine that requires non-real-time access, and a priority is given to each virtual machine.
- a technique for realizing efficiency is disclosed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a virtual machine system that improves the utilization efficiency of hardware resources.
- a virtual machine system of the present invention includes a CPU resource that performs arithmetic processing, a plurality of virtual machines that operate on the CPU resource, and a scheduler that controls an operation schedule of the CPU resource.
- a hypervisor that mediates between the CPU resource and the virtual machine; and a scheduler control unit that controls the scheduler, wherein the scheduler control unit includes a plurality of operations that operate at least once in a predetermined operation cycle of the CPU resource.
- the effect of the present invention is that the hardware resource utilization efficiency of the virtual machine system can be improved.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the virtual machine system of the present embodiment.
- the virtual machine system includes a CPU resource 100 that performs arithmetic processing, a plurality of virtual machines VM that operate on the CPU resource 100, and a hypervisor 200 that mediates between the CPU resource 100 and the virtual machine VM.
- the hypervisor 200 has a scheduler 210 that controls the operation schedule of CPU resources, and the virtual machine system has scheduler control means 300 that controls the scheduler 210.
- the scheduler control unit 300 includes a virtual CPU generation unit 310 that generates a plurality of virtual CPUs each operating once in a predetermined operation cycle of the CPU resource 100, and a virtual machine group generation that groups the virtual machines VM into a plurality of groups. Means 320. Furthermore, the scheduler control means 300 has virtual machine operation period setting means 330 for assigning each virtual machine group VMG to each virtual CPU_VCPU. The virtual machine operation period setting unit 330 also sets an operation period for each virtual machine so as to guarantee an operation within the virtual CPU_VCPU operation period for the first virtual machine VM in the virtual machine group VMG.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the virtual machine group VMG0 includes virtual machines VM_000, VM001, VM002,. Also, an example is shown in which the virtual machine group VMG1 includes virtual machines VM_100, VM101, VM102,..., And the virtual machine group VMGn includes virtual machines VM_n00, VMn01, VMn02,. Further, the virtual CPU0_VCPU0, the virtualized CPU1_VCPU1,..., And the virtualized CPUn_VCPUn are generated in the CPU resource 100.
- CPU resources can be allocated to a plurality of virtual machines without waste, and operations can be guaranteed for virtual machines that require operation guarantee within a predetermined period.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a method of assigning a virtual machine group (VM group) to a virtualized CPU.
- VM group virtual machine group
- n + 1 VM groups are assigned to n + 1 virtual CPUs (VCPUs).
- VM group 0 is assigned to VCPU0
- VM group 1 is assigned to VCPU1,...
- VMCPUn is assigned to VM group n.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an example in which an operation period of the VCPU is assigned in a predetermined cycle TC of CPU resources.
- periods operation periods T0, T1,..., Tn
- each virtual CPU VCPU0, VCPU1,..., VCPUn
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart schematically showing a method of assigning the operation period of each virtual machine within the operation period of each virtualization CPU.
- the first virtual machine in each group is assumed to be a virtual machine ending with zero.
- the first virtual machine VM in the group is guaranteed to operate within the operation period.
- the VM000 in the VCPU0 operation period, the VM000 is guaranteed to operate, and the other virtual machines VM001, VM002,.
- the VM 100 is guaranteed to operate, and the other virtual machines VM101, VM102,.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the operation period unit setting unit 340 is provided in the virtual machine operation period setting unit 330.
- the operation period unit setting unit 340 sets a unit for assigning an operation period to one virtual machine VM.
- VMG0 has VM_000, VM_001, VM_002,...
- VMG1 has VM_100, VM_101, VM_102,...
- VMGn has VM_n00, VM_n01, VM_n02,.
- the CPU resource 100 includes VCPU0, VCPU1,..., VCPUn.
- the operation period unit setting means 340 will be described. First, the operation when the operation period unit is not set will be described for comparison.
- the operation period unit is also referred to as granularity.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing an example of the operation when the operation period unit is not set.
- the other virtual machines VM operate for 0.1 ms each time.
- the scheduler assigns the operation to each virtual machine VM0, VM1, VM2,. First, VM0 operates for 0.4 ms, and then VM1 operates for 0.1 ms. Thereafter, the operation is switched to VM2, VM3,..., VM7 every 0.1 ms. Then, after 1.6 ms from the first operation, VM0 operates again for 0.4 ms. In this way, a maximum of 8 switching occurs in 1.6 ms. If VMs are frequently switched in this way, the non-operation period associated with the switching increases, and the CPU resource utilization efficiency decreases.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing this state.
- the setting unit is set to 0.4 ms according to VM0.
- VM0 operates for 0.4 ms
- VM1 operates for 0.4 ms.
- VM2 and VM3 operate by 0.4 ms each, and after 1.6 ms, VM0 operates again by 0.4 ms.
- the operation is sequentially switched to VM4 and VM5.
- switching occurs only 4 times within 1.6 ms. For this reason, the loss due to the switching of the VM is reduced.
- the utilization efficiency of CPU resources can be increased.
- the user can set an appropriate granularity using the operation period unit setting means 340.
- the granularity should not be too small or too large, but according to the present embodiment, the granularity can be set to an appropriate value. For this reason, it is possible to minimize the sum of the loss due to switching and the loss due to the allocation period being too large, and to increase the utilization efficiency of CPU resources.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the scheduler control means 300 has a backup VCPU generation means 350.
- the spare VCPU generation unit 350 generates a spare VCPU_RVCPU in the CPU resource 100.
- the scheduler 210 according to the present embodiment has a spare CPU allocation unit 211 that allocates a virtual machine to this RVCPU.
- the other element of the same symbol as FIG. 5 described in the figure is used by the same meaning as FIG. Therefore, the description is omitted.
- the virtual machine operation period setting means 330 does not set a schedule for the spare VCPU_RVCPU in advance. Then, during the operation period of the spare VCPU_RVCPU, the operation is preferentially assigned to the busy virtual machine according to the operation state of each virtual machine.
- the allocation control is performed by the backup VCPU allocation unit 211.
- FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing the operation at this time.
- An RVCPU operation period Tr is assigned to the spare VCPU_RVCPU.
- the VM allocation in Tr is performed by the backup VCPU allocation means 211 on an ad hoc basis. For example, it is possible to flexibly cope with assignment of a VM that has been executed within a cycle and whose operation is guaranteed.
- Two or more spare virtualization CPUs can be provided.
- FIG. 9 illustrates periods T1, T2,... During which other virtual CPUs operate.
- the spare CPU allocation period can be used according to the situation. CPU resources can be effectively used.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the fifth embodiment.
- the CPU resource 100 has a plurality of CPU groups 110 that are physically separated.
- the CPU 100 has a CPU group a 110a, a CPU group b 110b, a CPU group c 110c,.
- Each of these CPU groups corresponds to a virtual CPU generation unit 310, a virtual machine group generation unit 320, and a virtual machine operation period setting unit 330, and scheduling is performed for each CPU group.
- the scheduler unit 210a that controls the CPU group a110a is controlled by a scheduler control unit 300a having 310a, 320a, and 330a.
- the CPU groups b110b, 110c,... Are controlled by the scheduler control units 300b, 300c,.
- the scheduler control unit 300b includes a virtual CPU generation unit 310b, a virtual machine group generation unit 320b, and a virtual machine operation period setting unit 330b.
- the scheduler control unit 300c includes a virtual CPU generation unit 310c, a virtual machine group generation unit 320c, and a virtual machine operation period setting unit 330c. Further, the virtual machine groups VMGa0, VMGa1,... Operate on the CPU group a110a, and the virtual machine groups VMGb0, VMGb1,.
- the first to fourth embodiments may be applied to each CPU group, as in the case where the CPU resource 100 is regarded as one CPU. it can.
- the scope of the present invention also includes a program for causing a computer to execute the processes of the first to fifth embodiments and a recording medium storing the program.
- a recording medium for example, a magnetic disk, a magnetic tape, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like can be used.
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Abstract
Description
図1に本実施の形態の仮想マシンシステムのブロック図を示す。
図2は仮想マシングループ(VMグループ)を、仮想化CPUに割り当てる方法の一例を示した模式図である。この例では、n+1個のVMグループをn+1個の仮想化CPU(VCPU)に割り当てている。図では、VMグループ0はVCPU0に、VMグループ1はVCPU1に、・・・、VMグループnにVCPUnを割り当てた様子を示している。
図5は本発明第3の実施の形態を示すブロック図である。本実施の形態では、仮想マシン動作期間設定手段330に、動作期間単位設定手段340を設けている。動作期間単位設定手段340は、1つの仮想マシンVMに動作期間を割り当てるときの単位を設定するものである。なお、ここでは、次の包含関係を例示している。VMG0がVM_000、VM_001、VM_002、・・・を有し、VMG1がVM_100、VM_101、VM_102、・・・を有し、VMGnはVM_n00、VM_n01、VM_n02、・・・を有している。また、CPUリソース100は、VCPU0、VCPU1、・・・、VCPUnを有している。
図8は本発明第4の実施の形態を示すブロック図である。本実施の形態ではスケジューラ制御手段300が、予備VCPU生成手段350を有している。予備VCPU生成手段350は、CPUリソース100に予備VCPU_RVCPUを生成する。また本実施の形態のスケジューラ210は、このRVCPUに対して仮想マシンを割り当てる予備CPU割り当て手段211を有する。なお、図中に記載された図5と同じ記号のその他の要素は、図5と同じ意味で使用している。このため説明は省略する。
図10は第5の実施の形態を示すブロック図である。本実施の形態では、CPUリソース100が物理的に分離した複数のCPUグループ110を有する。
以上の第1から第5の実施形態の処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムおよび該プログラムを格納した記録媒体も本発明の範囲に含む。記録媒体としては、例えば、磁気ディスク、磁気テープ、光ディスク、光磁気ディスク、半導体メモリ、などを用いることができる。
110 CPUグループ
200 ハイパーバイザー
210 スケジューラ
211 予備VCPU割り当て手段
300 スケジューラ制御手段
310 仮想化CPU生成手段
320 仮想マシングループ生成手段
330 仮想マシン動作期間設定手段
340 動作期間単位設定手段
350 予備VCPU生成手段
VM 仮想マシン
T 動作期間
TC 周期
Claims (10)
- 演算処理を行うCPUリソースと、前記CPUリソース上で動作する複数の仮想マシンと、前記CPUリソースの動作スケジュールを制御するスケジューラを具備し前記CPUリソースと前記仮想マシンとを仲介するハイパーバイザーと、前記スケジューラを制御するスケジューラ制御手段と、を有し、
前記スケジューラ制御手段は、前記CPUリソースの所定動作周期に少なくとも1回動作する複数の仮想化CPUを生成する仮想化CPU生成手段と、複数の前記仮想マシンを複数のグループにグループ分けして仮想マシングループを生成する仮想マシングループ生成手段と、各前記仮想マシングループを前記各仮想化CPUに割り当てるとともに前記仮想マシングループ内の先頭の前記仮想マシンに対し前記仮想化CPUの動作期間内での動作を保証するように各仮想マシンに動作期間を設定する仮想マシン動作期間設定手段と、を有することを特徴とする仮想マシンシステム。 - 前記仮想マシン動作期間設定手段が、動作期間の単位を設定する動作期間単位設定手段を有している、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の仮想マシンシステム。
- 前記スケジューラ制御手段が、予め仮想マシンを割り当てない予備仮想化CPUを少なくとも1つ生成する予備仮想化CPU生成手段を有している、ことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の仮想マシンシステム。
- 前記スケジューラが、それぞれの前記仮想マシンの動作状態に応じて前記予備仮想化CPUへ割り当てる前記仮想マシンを決定する予備仮想化CPU割り当て手段を有する、こと特徴とする請求項3に記載の仮想マシンシステム。
- 前記CPUリソースが前記仮想化CPUを内包する複数のCPUグループを有し、前記スケジューラがそれぞれの前記仮想化CPUグループに対応するスケジューラユニットを有し、前記スケジューラ制御部が前記スケジューラユニットを制御するスケジューラ制御ユニットを有する、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4いずれか一項に記載の仮想マシンシステム。
- 演算処理を行うCPUリソースに複数の仮想化CPUを生成し、複数の前記仮想化マシンをグループ分けして複数の仮想化マシングループを生成し、生成した前記仮想化マシングループを前記仮想化CPUに割り当て、前記仮想マシングループ内の先頭の前記仮想マシンに対し前記仮想化CPUの動作期間内での動作を保証するように前記仮想マシンの動作期間を設定する、ことを特徴とする仮想マシンシステムの制御方法。
- 前記仮想マシン動作期間設定手段が動作期間の単位を設定する、ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の仮想マシンシステムの制御方法。
- 予め仮想マシンを割り当てない予備仮想化CPUを少なくとも1つ生成する、ことを特徴とする請求項6または請求項7に記載の仮想マシンシステムの制御方法。
- 演算処理を行うCPUリソースに複数の仮想化CPUを生成するステップと、複数の前記仮想化マシンをグループ分けして複数の仮想化マシングループを生成するステップと、生成した前記仮想化マシングループを前記仮想化CPUに割り当てるステップと、前記仮想マシングループ内の先頭の前記仮想マシンに対し前記仮想化CPUの動作期間内での動作を保証するように各前記仮想マシンの動作期間を設定するステップと、を有することを特徴とする仮想マシンシステムの制御プログラムを格納した記録媒体。
- 前記仮想マシン動作期間設定手段が動作期間の単位を設定するステップ、を有することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の仮想マシンシステムの制御プログラムを格納した記録媒体。
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CN201580016848.6A CN106133691A (zh) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-20 | 虚拟机系统及其控制方法和控制程序记录介质 |
JP2016510008A JPWO2015146104A1 (ja) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-20 | 仮想マシンシステムおよびその制御方法およびその制御プログラム |
EP15769462.1A EP3125114A4 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-20 | Virtual machine system, control method therfor, and control program recording medium therefor |
US15/128,704 US20170132030A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-20 | Virtual machine system, control method thereof, and control program recording medium thereof |
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CN108984267A (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-11 | 北京东土科技股份有限公司 | 工业服务器的微内核架构控制系统及工业服务器 |
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CN113238832A (zh) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-10 | 元心信息科技集团有限公司 | 虚拟处理器的调度方法、装置、设备及计算机存储介质 |
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KR101816718B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-02-22 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Cpu 네트워크 통합 스케줄링 시스템 및 그 제어방법 |
CN108984267A (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-11 | 北京东土科技股份有限公司 | 工业服务器的微内核架构控制系统及工业服务器 |
CN108984267B (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-11-13 | 北京东土科技股份有限公司 | 工业服务器的微内核架构控制系统及工业服务器 |
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