WO2015145087A1 - Starter drive for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Starter drive for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015145087A1
WO2015145087A1 PCT/FR2015/050787 FR2015050787W WO2015145087A1 WO 2015145087 A1 WO2015145087 A1 WO 2015145087A1 FR 2015050787 W FR2015050787 W FR 2015050787W WO 2015145087 A1 WO2015145087 A1 WO 2015145087A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
starter
pinion
lid
friction
pinion body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2015/050787
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jérémy BRANDINI
Gauthier VIGY
Benoît BALEYDIER
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur
Publication of WO2015145087A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015145087A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/025—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the friction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a starter starter of a heat engine and more particularly applied to the field of the automobile.
  • This launcher is provided with a wear reduction device limiting the friction in the system.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application on vehicles equipped with the stop and start ® function , in which the vehicle's engine is stopped and restarted according to the traffic conditions in order to make traffic jams. fuel savings.
  • a combustion engine also called an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle
  • a rotating electrical machine in the form of a starter capable of transmitting rotational energy from the starter to a crankshaft. of the engine by means of a driving ring.
  • the starter comprises an electric motor, a contactor, a speed reducer, a support, a launcher whose prior art is shown in FIG. 1, an electric motor shaft and an output shaft.
  • the launcher 5 comprises a clutch system 6, a pinion 9, a pinion body 7 and a driver 8 controlled by a lever.
  • the driver is mounted on the output shaft through helical splines.
  • This launcher is known from the patent application FR 1360497.
  • the control lever has the function of moving axially, that is to say along the axis of rotation of the starter rotor, the driver device to engrain the pinion with the crown of the engine and thus start engine.
  • the control lever also allows, by pressing the driver 8, to establish an adhesion of the friction disc 61 of the clutch so as to bind the shaft of the electric motor with the body of the pinion transmitting the rotational movement.
  • the contact between the driver and the pinion body shown in the circle A of Figure 1 generates in some cases a negative adhesion torque for the starter.
  • the aforementioned case occurs when the heat engine, once driven, generates a higher rotation speed than the starter and thus creates an overspeed phenomenon causing the starter in a rotational regime greater than that for which it is initially designed.
  • the contact between the control lever and the pinion body 7 generates wear on the bearing surface of the control lever. This wear accumulates over time and generates kinematic problems in the control system.
  • the invention aims to overcome the problem of adhesion at the contact between the driver and the pinion body to avoid the drive of the starter in overspeed regime.
  • the invention implements a starter starter engine, comprising: a pinion for meshing with the starter ring
  • a friction element such as a friction disk housed on the pinion body and capable of being clamped axially between a reaction plate and a pressure plate
  • a driver mounted axially movably to the pinion between a rest position and an active position on which is mounted at least one friction element such as a friction disk that can be clamped axially between the reaction plate and the pressure plate
  • a cover integral with the pinion body, the cover being in contact with the pinion body and in contact with the driver in the rest position and whose coefficient of friction between the cover and the driver is less than or equal to 0.3.
  • a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3 limits the adhesion at the contact between the driver and the pinion body.
  • the invention comprises a control lever adapted to axially move the pinion body and between the lid secured to the pinion body and the control lever, the coefficient of friction is less than or equal to 0.3.
  • a coefficient of friction lower than or equal to 0.3 limits the adhesion at the contact between the control lever and the lid secured to the pinion body.
  • the cover comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being overmolded on the second portion.
  • the first portion comprises a first portion located against a face of the second portion between the pressure plate and the second portion.
  • the first portion comprises a second portion located against a face of the second portion, opposite to the first portion.
  • the first and the second part form a stop of the trainer in the rest position.
  • the starter launcher comprises a third portion mounted on the outer surface of the pinion body. This allows an assembly of the integral cover on the pinion body and an enlargement of the contact surface between the lever and the pinion body in the final position.
  • the third portion is held by at least one axial direction groove on the outer circumferential surface of the pinion body.
  • This groove has the effect of blocking the degree of freedom of rotation between the third part and the body of the pinion at the assembly.
  • the third portion is crimped to the outer circumferential surface of the pinion body. This crimping has the effect of keeping in position the third part on the pinion body.
  • the third portion of the lid is held by at least one circumferential direction groove on the cylindrical surface of the pinion body. This makes it possible to block the degree of freedom of translation in axial direction between the third part and the body of the pinion at the assembly.
  • the third part of the lid is held on the pinion body by spinning process. This allows the lid to be held in rotation.
  • the first part of the lid comprises at least one polymer combined with a solid lubricant material and fiber. These combined materials have the effect of decreasing the coefficient of friction and providing a rigid structure.
  • the first part of the lid comprises a carbon fiber reinforcement. This allows a strengthening of the structure of the first part of the cover and an improvement of the mechanical strength.
  • the reinforcement of the first portion of the cover has a carbon fiber content of between 20 and 50%, especially 30%.
  • the first part of the lid comprises a PTFE type solid lubricant. This makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction during the contact between the first part of the lid and another surface.
  • the first part of the lid comprises a material of the type 6/6 aliphatic polyamide reinforced with more or less thirty percent of carbon fibers and associated with a solid lubricant of polytetrafluoroethylene type and / or polyphthalamide type reinforced with more or less thirty percent of carbon fiber and associated with a solid lubricant type polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • This material offers a compromise between mechanical strength, structural rigidity and low coefficient of friction.
  • the second part of the lid comprises a material of the steel type. This makes it possible to stiffen the second part of the cover and to improve its mechanical behavior.
  • the third part of the lid is of the same material as the second part of the lid. This makes it possible to stiffen the third part of the cover and to improve its mechanical behavior.
  • the first part of the cover surrounds a shoulder of the trainer and is in contact with this shoulder in the rest state. This makes it possible to center the trainer in the idle state.
  • the first part is in contact with a shoulder over a length equal to at least the travel of the trainer. This allows guidance of the coach over his entire race.
  • the shoulder surrounded by the portion of the first part of the cover is the outer surface of the pressure plate of the trainer. This outer surface being of large diameter, the guidance of the coach is more effective.
  • the reaction plate is integral with the pinion body.
  • an abutment integral with the reaction plate adapted to limit the movements of the trainer. This has the effect of producing a torque limitation at a predetermined threshold in the clutch system
  • the stop secured to the reaction plate is in contact with the coach at the end of the race of the trainer. This has the effect of activating the torque limitation in the clutch system when the driver comes into contact with the integral stop.
  • the abutment integral with the reaction plate is integral with the pinion body.
  • the first part of the lid is assembled to the second part of the lid by gluing. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid is assembled to the second part of the lid by screwing.
  • the third part of the lid comprises at least two distinct half-cylinder portions.
  • the cover is held by a set screw on the pinion body. This method of assembly avoids the manufacture of the retaining grooves on the pinion body by spinning or crimping process and allows a simplified assembly.
  • the lid is comprised of two parts only.
  • the lid comprises a single portion.
  • the third portion of the lid comprises polymer.
  • the invention also relates to a starter comprising a launcher previously described.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a radial section of the prior art launcher system.
  • FIG. 2 is a radial sectional view of the launcher system according to a first embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a radial sectional view of the launcher system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the lid integral with the pinion body according to the first embodiment showing the outside of the integral cover.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the lid secured to the pinion body according to the first embodiment showing the inside of the integral lid.
  • the launcher 1 shown in Figure 2 comprises a pinion 20 for meshing with the starter ring of a heat engine not shown in Figure 2.
  • the pinion 20 is rotatably connected to a pinion body 30.
  • the pinion is rotatably mounted to the pinion body 30.
  • the pinion 20 and the pinion body 30 each comprise complementary grooves 31 making it possible to block the degree of freedom of rotation between the pinion 20 and the pinion body 30.
  • the pinion is connected in rotation with the pinion body by means of helical grooves.
  • the pinion 20 is retained on one side axially by a stop made by an elastic ring not shown in Figure 2. This elastic ring being housed in a groove 301 formed on the pinion body 30.
  • the other side of the pinion 20 is biased by a compressed spring 302 providing an axial direction force pushing the pinion 20 towards the abutment previously described.
  • the spring 302 compresses in the case where at least one tooth of the pinion 20 is locked axially against at least one tooth of the starter ring of the heat engine, this case being called the tooth against tooth case.
  • the pinion body 30 is rotatably mounted on a drive shaft rotatably connected to the rotor of the electric motor of the starter not shown in FIG. 2.
  • the launcher 1 further comprises a driver 40.
  • the driver 40 is axially movable by relative to the pinion body 30 between a rest position during which the driver 40 is free to rotate with respect to the pinion body 30 and an active position in which the driver 40 is frictionally integral with the pinion body 30.
  • the driver 40 comprises a pressure plate 411. Friction members 311 such as friction disks are housed in the pinion body 30 and integral in rotation therewith. Friction members 313 are mounted on the driver 40 and are rotationally integral therewith. These friction elements 313 are able to be clamped axially with the friction elements 311 between the pressure plate 411 and the reaction plate 312 as a function of the position of the driver 40. The friction elements 311 adhere to the friction elements 313. when the trainer 40 is in the active position.
  • the launcher comprises Belleville washers 401 and 401 'mounted axially on the driver 40 between a shoulder 412 of the driver 40 and the pressure plate 411.
  • a fixed stop 303 to the pinion body limits the travel of the driver 40 by
  • the stop 30 also has the effect of limiting the torque transmitted in a case of overspeed, during which the engine once started, drives the starter in a rotational regime harmful to the starter motor. The limitation of the torque thus makes it possible to decouple the pinion body 30 from the driver 40 in an overspeed drive case.
  • the pinion body 30 comprises a cover 32 integral with the pinion body 30 visible in FIG. 4 and 5. The cover 32 integral with the pinion body is moved axially with respect to the drive shaft by a control lever belonging to the starter not shown in Figure 2.
  • the cover 32 secured to the pinion body comprises a first portion 321 and a second portion 322, the first portion 321 being overmolded on the second portion 322.
  • the first Part 321 of the cover surrounds the shoulder 412 of the driver 40 and is in contact with this shoulder 412 from the rest position to the active position of the driver 40 in order to center and guide the driver 40 along its stroke.
  • the centering and guiding of the driver 40 is performed on the shoulder 412 because the diameter of this shoulder is the largest diameter of the driver, which allows a guide and a more effective centering.
  • the integral cover 32 includes a third portion 323 mounted on the outer surface of the pinion body 30.
  • the third portion 323 of the cover 32 is held by axial grooves and circumferential grooves formed on the outer cylindrical surface of the pinion body 30 allowing block the degrees of freedom of rotation and translation of the third portion 323.
  • the third portion 323 of the cover 32 is assembled and held in position on the pinion body 30 by spinning process. This method involves the application of a cylindrical tool around the third portion 323 whose inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the third portion 323. A force is applied by a press-type actuator on the tool to make flowing the material of the third portion 323 onto the outer surface of the pinion body 30 for holding in position.
  • the first portion 321 of the cover comprises a carbon fiber reinforced polymeric material associated with a solid lubricant material to reduce the coefficient of friction at the contacts between the shoulder 412 of the driver 40 and the first portion 321 and between the control lever and the first part 321.
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment identical to the first embodiment except for the following features.
  • the first portion 321 of the cover surrounds the shoulder 413. This first portion 321 is in contact with shoulder 413 from the rest position to the active position of the driver 40 to center and guide the driver 40 along its stroke. The centering and guiding of the driver 40 is carried out on the shoulder 413 because the contact surface between the driver 40 and the shoulder 413 is longer than on the shoulder 412.
  • the first portion 3211 of the first portion 321 comprises a material for obtaining a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3 at the contact between the driver 40 and the latter.
  • the second portion 3212 of the first portion 321 comprises a material making it possible to obtain a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3 at the contact between the lever and the latter .
  • the first portion 321 of the lid includes at least one polymer combined with a solid lubricant material and fiber. These combined materials have the effect of decreasing the coefficient of friction and providing a rigid structure.
  • the fiber used combined with the solid lubricant material is carbon fiber whose carbon fiber content is between 20% and 50%, in this case 30%. This allows a strengthening of the structure of the first portion 321 of the cover and an improvement in its mechanical strength.
  • the solid lubricant that comprises the first portion 321 of the lid is of the PTFE type. This reduces the coefficient of friction at the contact between the first portion 321 of the cover and another surface.
  • the first portion 321 of the lid comprises a material of the type 6/6 aliphatic polyamide reinforced with more or less 30% of carbon fibers and is associated with a solid lubricant of polytetrafluoroethylene type and / or type polyphthalamide reinforced with more or less 30% carbon fiber.
  • This material offers a compromise between mechanical strength, structural rigidity and low coefficient of friction.
  • the second portion 322 of the cover comprises a material of steel type for stiffening thereof and to improve its mechanical behavior.
  • the third portion 323 of the cover is of the same material as the second portion 322 of the cover. This makes it possible to stiffen the third part of the cover and to improve its mechanical behavior.
  • a first part of a lever not shown in the figures comes into contact with the first part 321 of the cover and generates an axial force on this first part 321 towards the front
  • a second part of the lever while continuing its rotational movement, emits an axial force on the driver 40 via a thrust piece 41 in the same direction as the force applied to the first portion 321 of the cover.
  • the first part of the lever is then no longer in contact with the first part of the cover 321.
  • two distinct cases of operation can take place when the speed of rotation of the ring is zero at startup.
  • the friction discs 311 and 313 mounted on the pinion body 30 and the driver 40 are compressed and adhere to each other to allow transmission. of the couple.
  • the starting ring of the engine is then rotated and the engine starts.
  • the crown rotates faster than the output shaft of the starter motor.
  • the driver 40 comes into contact with the first portion 3211 of the first portion 321 and this contact generates friction.
  • the pinion 20 does not engage directly with the starting ring of the engine because of a tooth against tooth contact between the pinion 20 and the starting ring of the engine.
  • the axial force generated by the lever on the driver 40 generates a contact friction discs 311 and 313 between them and the electric motor of the starter transmits a torque to the driver 40, transmitting directly to the pinion body 30 by the intermediate friction discs 311 and 313 in adhesion phase.
  • the lever continues to provide a force on the coach 40, the coach then coming into contact with a stop 303 having the function, with the Belleville washers 401 and 401 ', to limit the torque transmitted.
  • the rotation of the pinion 20 eliminates the tooth against tooth contact and facilitates the engagement between the pinion 20 and the starting ring of the engine.
  • the starting ring of the engine is now rotated and the engine starts.
  • the friction is limited.
  • the low wear of the driver 40 and the lid during the life of the launcher does not affect the operation of the mechanism.
  • the pinion 20 rotates to synchronize with the starting ring of the engine.
  • the lever is then in contact with the second portion 3212 of the first portion 321 and the contact between the lever and this portion 3212 generates friction.
  • the low wear of the driver 40 and the lid during the life of the launcher does not affect the operation of the mechanism.

Abstract

The invention relates to a starter drive (1) for an internal combustion engine having a starter ring gear comprising: a pinion (20) intended to mesh with the starter ring gear; a pinion body (31) rigidly connected in rotation to the pinion (20); a friction element (311) such as a friction disk encased on the body of the pinion (30) and capable of being tightened axially between a reaction plate (312) and a pressure plate (411); a driver (40) axially movably mounted relative to the pinion (20) between an inoperative position and an operative position on which at least one friction element (313), such as a friction disk capable of being axially tightened between the reaction plate (312) and the pressure plate (411), is mounted; and a cover (32) rigidly connected to the pinion body (30) that includes a first portion (3211), said cover (32) being in contact with the pinion body (30) and in contact with the driver (40) in the inoperative position and having a of friction coefficient of contact of the first portion (3211) of the cover on the driver (40) is no higher than 0.3.

Description

LANCEUR DE DEMARREUR POUR MOTEUR À COMBUSTION INTERNE  STARTER LAUNCHER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L'INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
L'invention concerne un lanceur de démarreur d'un moteur thermique et plus particulièrement appliqué au domaine de l'automobile. Ce lanceur est muni d'un dispositif de réduction d'usure limitant les frottements dans le système. L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse sur les véhicules équipés de la fonction arrêt et redémarrage dite « Stop and Start® » en anglais, suivant laquelle le moteur thermique du véhicule est arrêté et redémarré selon les conditions de circulation dans le but de faire des économies de carburant. The invention relates to a starter starter of a heat engine and more particularly applied to the field of the automobile. This launcher is provided with a wear reduction device limiting the friction in the system. The invention finds a particularly advantageous application on vehicles equipped with the stop and start ® function , in which the vehicle's engine is stopped and restarted according to the traffic conditions in order to make traffic jams. fuel savings.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE STATE OF THE ART
Afin de démarrer un moteur thermique, appelé également moteur à combustion interne, notamment d'un véhicule automobile, il est connu d'utiliser une machine électrique tournante sous la forme d'un démarreur capable de transmettre une énergie de rotation du démarreur à un vilebrequin du moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'une couronne d'entraînement. In order to start a combustion engine, also called an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, it is known to use a rotating electrical machine in the form of a starter capable of transmitting rotational energy from the starter to a crankshaft. of the engine by means of a driving ring.
Le démarreur comporte un moteur électrique, un contacteur, un réducteur de vitesse, un support, un lanceur dont l'art antérieur est représenté sur la figure 1, un arbre du moteur électrique et un arbre de sortie. Le lanceur 5 comporte un système d'embrayage 6, un pignon 9, un corps de pignon 7 et un entraîneur 8 commandé par un levier. L'entraîneur est monté sur l'arbre de sortie par le biais de cannelures hélicoïdales. The starter comprises an electric motor, a contactor, a speed reducer, a support, a launcher whose prior art is shown in FIG. 1, an electric motor shaft and an output shaft. The launcher 5 comprises a clutch system 6, a pinion 9, a pinion body 7 and a driver 8 controlled by a lever. The driver is mounted on the output shaft through helical splines.
Ce lanceur est connu de la demande de brevet FR 1360497. This launcher is known from the patent application FR 1360497.
Le levier de commande a pour fonction de déplacer axialement, c'est-à-dire selon l'axe de rotation du rotor de démarreur, le dispositif d'entraîneur permettant d'engrainer le pignon avec la couronne du moteur thermique et ainsi de démarrer le moteur. Le levier de commande permet également, en pressant l'entraîneur 8, d'établir une adhérence des disques de friction 61 de l'embrayage de façon à lier l'arbre du moteur électrique avec le corps du pignon en transmettant le mouvement de rotation. Le contact entre l'entraîneur et le corps de pignon représenté dans le cercle A de la figure 1 génère dans certains cas un couple d'adhérence néfaste pour le démarreur. Le cas précédemment cité a lieu lorsque le moteur thermique, une fois entraîné, génère une vitesse de rotation supérieure à celle du démarreur et ainsi créé un phénomène de survitesse entraînant le démarreur dans un régime de rotation supérieur à celui pour lequel il est initialement conçu. The control lever has the function of moving axially, that is to say along the axis of rotation of the starter rotor, the driver device to engrain the pinion with the crown of the engine and thus start engine. The control lever also allows, by pressing the driver 8, to establish an adhesion of the friction disc 61 of the clutch so as to bind the shaft of the electric motor with the body of the pinion transmitting the rotational movement. The contact between the driver and the pinion body shown in the circle A of Figure 1 generates in some cases a negative adhesion torque for the starter. The aforementioned case occurs when the heat engine, once driven, generates a higher rotation speed than the starter and thus creates an overspeed phenomenon causing the starter in a rotational regime greater than that for which it is initially designed.
Le contact entre le levier de commande et le corps de pignon 7 génère de l'usure sur la surface d'appui du levier de commande. Cette usure est cumulée au fil du temps et génère des problèmes de cinématique dans le système de commande. The contact between the control lever and the pinion body 7 generates wear on the bearing surface of the control lever. This wear accumulates over time and generates kinematic problems in the control system.
OBJET DE L'INVENTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
L'invention a pour but de remédier au problème d'adhérence au niveau du contact entre l'entraîneur et le corps de pignon afin d'éviter l'entraînement du démarreur en régime de survitesse. The invention aims to overcome the problem of adhesion at the contact between the driver and the pinion body to avoid the drive of the starter in overspeed regime.
A cet effet, l'invention met en œuvre un lanceur de démarreur de moteur thermique, comportant : un pignon destiné à engrener avec la couronne de démarrage For this purpose, the invention implements a starter starter engine, comprising: a pinion for meshing with the starter ring
un corps de pignon solidaire en rotation du pignon  a pinion body integral in rotation of the pinion
- un élément de friction tel qu'un disque de friction logé sur le corps de pignon et apte à être serré axialement entre un plateau de réaction et un plateau de pression  a friction element such as a friction disk housed on the pinion body and capable of being clamped axially between a reaction plate and a pressure plate
un entraîneur monté mobile axialement au pignon entre une position repos et une position active sur lequel est monté au moins un élément de friction tel qu'un disque de friction apte à être serré axialement entre le plateau de réaction et le plateau de pression  a driver mounted axially movably to the pinion between a rest position and an active position on which is mounted at least one friction element such as a friction disk that can be clamped axially between the reaction plate and the pressure plate
un couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon, le couvercle étant en contact avec le corps de pignon et en contact avec l'entraîneur en position repos et dont le coefficient de frottement entre le couvercle et l'entraîneur est inférieur ou égal à 0,3.  a cover integral with the pinion body, the cover being in contact with the pinion body and in contact with the driver in the rest position and whose coefficient of friction between the cover and the driver is less than or equal to 0.3.
Un coefficient de frottement inférieur ou égal à 0,3 limite l'adhérence au niveau du contact entre l'entraîneur et le corps de pignon. Ainsi, les risques que le moteur thermique entraîne en rotation le moteur électrique du démarreur en régime de survitesse sont diminués voire rendu nuls. A coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3 limits the adhesion at the contact between the driver and the pinion body. Thus, the risks that the heat engine rotates the electric motor of the starter in the overspeed regime are reduced or rendered null.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention comprend un levier de commande apte à mouvoir axialement le corps de pignon et entre le couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon et le levier de commande, le coefficient de frottement est inférieur ou égal à 0,3. Un coefficient de frottement inférieur ou égal à 0,3 limite l'adhérence au niveau du contact entre le levier de commande et le couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon. Ainsi, les risques d'usure que le moteur thermique entraîne en rotation le moteur électrique du démarreur en régime de survitesse est diminué voire rendu nul. According to one embodiment, the invention comprises a control lever adapted to axially move the pinion body and between the lid secured to the pinion body and the control lever, the coefficient of friction is less than or equal to 0.3. A coefficient of friction lower than or equal to 0.3 limits the adhesion at the contact between the control lever and the lid secured to the pinion body. Thus, the risks of wear that the thermal engine rotates the electric motor of the starter in overspeed regime is reduced or rendered null.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le couvercle comprend une première partie et une deuxième partie, la première partie étant surmoulée sur la deuxième partie. According to one embodiment, the cover comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being overmolded on the second portion.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie comprend une première portion située contre une face de la deuxième partie située entre le plateau de pression et la deuxième partie. According to one embodiment, the first portion comprises a first portion located against a face of the second portion between the pressure plate and the second portion.
Selon un autre mode réalisation, la première partie comprend une deuxième portion située contre une face de la deuxième partie, opposée à la première portion. According to another embodiment, the first portion comprises a second portion located against a face of the second portion, opposite to the first portion.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première et la deuxième partie forment une butée de l'entraîneur en position repos. According to one embodiment, the first and the second part form a stop of the trainer in the rest position.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le lanceur de démarreur comprend une troisième partie montée sur la surface extérieure du corps de pignon. Cela permet un assemblage du couvercle solidaire sur le corps de pignon et un agrandissement de la surface de contact entre le levier et le corps de pignon en position finale According to one embodiment, the starter launcher comprises a third portion mounted on the outer surface of the pinion body. This allows an assembly of the integral cover on the pinion body and an enlargement of the contact surface between the lever and the pinion body in the final position.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la troisième partie est maintenue par au moins une rainure de direction axiale sur la surface circonférentielle extérieure du corps de pignon. Cette rainure a pour effet de bloquer le degré de liberté de rotation entre la troisième partie et le corps du pignon au niveau de l'assemblage. According to one embodiment, the third portion is held by at least one axial direction groove on the outer circumferential surface of the pinion body. This groove has the effect of blocking the degree of freedom of rotation between the third part and the body of the pinion at the assembly.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la troisième partie est sertie sur la surface circonférentielle extérieure du corps de pignon. Ce sertissage a pour effet de maintenir en position la troisième partie sur le corps de pignon. In one embodiment, the third portion is crimped to the outer circumferential surface of the pinion body. This crimping has the effect of keeping in position the third part on the pinion body.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la troisième partie du couvercle est maintenue par au moins une rainure de direction circonférentielle sur la surface cylindrique du corps de pignon. Cela permet de bloquer le degré de liberté de translation de direction axiale entre la troisième partie et le corps du pignon au niveau de l'assemblage. According to one embodiment, the third portion of the lid is held by at least one circumferential direction groove on the cylindrical surface of the pinion body. This makes it possible to block the degree of freedom of translation in axial direction between the third part and the body of the pinion at the assembly.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la troisième partie du couvercle est maintenue sur le corps de pignon par procédé de filage. Cela permet le maintien du couvercle en rotation. Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie du couvercle comporte au moins un polymère combiné avec un matériau lubrifiant solide et de la fibre. Ces matériaux combinés ont pour effet de diminuer le coefficient de frottement et de fournir une structure rigide. Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie du couvercle comporte un renfort en fibres de carbone. Cela permet un renforcement de la structure de la première partie du couvercle et une amélioration de la tenue mécanique. According to one embodiment, the third part of the lid is held on the pinion body by spinning process. This allows the lid to be held in rotation. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid comprises at least one polymer combined with a solid lubricant material and fiber. These combined materials have the effect of decreasing the coefficient of friction and providing a rigid structure. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid comprises a carbon fiber reinforcement. This allows a strengthening of the structure of the first part of the cover and an improvement of the mechanical strength.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le renfort de la première partie du couvercle comporte un taux de fibres de carbone compris entre 20 et 50%, notamment 30%. According to one embodiment, the reinforcement of the first portion of the cover has a carbon fiber content of between 20 and 50%, especially 30%.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie du couvercle comporte un lubrifiant solide de type PTFE. Cela permet de diminuer le coefficient de frottement lors du contact entre la première partie du couvercle et une autre surface. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid comprises a PTFE type solid lubricant. This makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction during the contact between the first part of the lid and another surface.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie du couvercle comporte un matériau du type Polyamide aliphatique 6/6 renforcé avec plus ou moins trente pour cent de fibres de carbone et associé à un lubrifiant solide de type polytétrafluoroéthylène et/ou du type polyphtalamide renforcé avec plus ou moins trente pour cent de fibres de carbone et associé à un lubrifiant solide de type polytétrafluoroéthylène. Ce matériau apporte un compromis entre tenue mécanique, rigidité structurelle et faible coefficient de frottement. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid comprises a material of the type 6/6 aliphatic polyamide reinforced with more or less thirty percent of carbon fibers and associated with a solid lubricant of polytetrafluoroethylene type and / or polyphthalamide type reinforced with more or less thirty percent of carbon fiber and associated with a solid lubricant type polytetrafluoroethylene. This material offers a compromise between mechanical strength, structural rigidity and low coefficient of friction.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la deuxième partie du couvercle comprend un matériau de type acier. Cela permet de rigidifier la deuxième partie du couvercle et d'améliorer son comportement mécanique. According to one embodiment, the second part of the lid comprises a material of the steel type. This makes it possible to stiffen the second part of the cover and to improve its mechanical behavior.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la troisième partie du couvercle est de même matériau que la deuxième partie du couvercle. Cela permet de rigidifier la troisième partie du couvercle et d'améliorer son comportement mécanique. According to one embodiment, the third part of the lid is of the same material as the second part of the lid. This makes it possible to stiffen the third part of the cover and to improve its mechanical behavior.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie du couvercle entoure un épaulement de l'entraîneur et est en contact avec cet épaulement à l'état repos. Cela permet de centrer l'entraîneur à l'état repos. Selon un mode de réalisation, la première partie est en contact avec un épaulement sur une longueur égale à au moins la course de l'entraîneur. Cela permet un guidage de l'entraîneur sur toute sa course. Selon un mode de réalisation, l'épaulement entouré par la portion de la première partie du couvercle est la surface externe du plateau de pression de l'entraîneur. Cette surface externe étant de grand diamètre, le guidage de l'entraîneur est plus efficace. Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de réaction est solidaire du corps de pignon. According to one embodiment, the first part of the cover surrounds a shoulder of the trainer and is in contact with this shoulder in the rest state. This makes it possible to center the trainer in the idle state. According to one embodiment, the first part is in contact with a shoulder over a length equal to at least the travel of the trainer. This allows guidance of the coach over his entire race. According to one embodiment, the shoulder surrounded by the portion of the first part of the cover is the outer surface of the pressure plate of the trainer. This outer surface being of large diameter, the guidance of the coach is more effective. According to one embodiment, the reaction plate is integral with the pinion body.
Selon un mode de réalisation, une butée solidaire du plateau de réaction apte à limiter les déplacements de l'entraîneur. Cela a pour effet de produire une limitation du couple à un seuil pré déterminé dans le système d'embrayage According to one embodiment, an abutment integral with the reaction plate adapted to limit the movements of the trainer. This has the effect of producing a torque limitation at a predetermined threshold in the clutch system
Selon un mode de réalisation, la butée solidaire du plateau de réaction est en contact avec l'entraîneur en fin de course de l'entraîneur. Cela a pour effet d'activer la limitation du couple dans le système d'embrayage lorsque l'entraîneur entre en contact avec la butée solidaire. According to one embodiment, the stop secured to the reaction plate is in contact with the coach at the end of the race of the trainer. This has the effect of activating the torque limitation in the clutch system when the driver comes into contact with the integral stop.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la butée solidaire du plateau de réaction est solidaire au corps de pignon. According to one embodiment, the abutment integral with the reaction plate is integral with the pinion body.
Selon une réalisation, la première partie du couvercle est assemblée à la deuxième partie du couvercle par collage. Selon une réalisation, la première partie du couvercle est assemblée à la deuxième partie du couvercle par vissage. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid is assembled to the second part of the lid by gluing. According to one embodiment, the first part of the lid is assembled to the second part of the lid by screwing.
Selon une réalisation, la troisième partie du couvercle comprend au moins deux portions distinctes en demi-cylindres. According to one embodiment, the third part of the lid comprises at least two distinct half-cylinder portions.
Selon une réalisation, le couvercle est maintenu par vis de pression sur le corps de pignon. Ce mode d'assemblage évite la fabrication des rainures de maintien sur le corps de pignon par procédé de filage ou sertissage et permet un assemblage simplifié. In one embodiment, the cover is held by a set screw on the pinion body. This method of assembly avoids the manufacture of the retaining grooves on the pinion body by spinning or crimping process and allows a simplified assembly.
Selon une réalisation, le couvercle est comprend deux parties uniquement. In one embodiment, the lid is comprised of two parts only.
Selon une réalisation, le couvercle comprend une seule partie. In one embodiment, the lid comprises a single portion.
Selon une réalisation, la troisième partie du couvercle comprend du polymère. L'invention concerne aussi un démarreur comprenant un lanceur précédemment décrit. BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES In one embodiment, the third portion of the lid comprises polymer. The invention also relates to a starter comprising a launcher previously described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une coupe radiale de l'art antérieur du système de lanceur. La figure 2 est une vue en coupe radiale du système de lanceur selon un premier mode de réalisation Figure 1 is a perspective view of a radial section of the prior art launcher system. FIG. 2 is a radial sectional view of the launcher system according to a first embodiment
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe radiale du système de lanceur selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention. Figure 3 is a radial sectional view of the launcher system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
La figure 4 est une vue en perspective du couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon selon le premier mode de réalisation mettant en évidence l'extérieur du couvercle solidaire. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the lid integral with the pinion body according to the first embodiment showing the outside of the integral cover.
La figure 5 est une vue en perspective du couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon selon le premier mode de réalisation mettant en évidence l'intérieur du couvercle solidaire. Figure 5 is a perspective view of the lid secured to the pinion body according to the first embodiment showing the inside of the integral lid.
Le lanceur 1 représenté sur la figure 2 comporte un pignon 20 destiné à engrener avec la couronne de démarrage d'un moteur thermique non représentée sur la figure 2. Le pignon 20 est lié en rotation d'un corps de pignon 30. En l'occurrence, le pignon est monté solidaire en rotation, du corps de pignon 30. Le pignon 20 et le corps de pignon 30 comprennent chacun des rainures 31 complémentaires permettant de bloquer le degré de liberté en rotation entre le pignon 20 et le corps de pignon 30. Selon un autre exemple non représenté, le pignon est lié en rotation avec le corps de pignon par le biais de rainures hélicoïdales. Le pignon 20 est retenu d'un côté axialement par une butée réalisée par un anneau élastique non représenté sur la figure 2. Cet anneau élastique étant logé dans une gorge 301 réalisée sur le corps de pignon 30. L'autre côté du pignon 20 est sollicité par un ressort 302 compressé fournissant un effort de direction axiale poussant le pignon 20 vers la butée précédemment décrite. Le ressort 302 se compresse dans le cas où au moins une dent du pignon 20 est bloquée axialement contre au moins une dent de la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique, ce cas étant appelé cas de dent contre dent. Le corps de pignon 30 est monté en rotation sur un arbre d'entraînement lié en rotation au rotor du moteur électrique du démarreur non représenté sur la figure 2. Le lanceur 1 comprend en outre un entraîneur 40. L'entraîneur 40 est mobile axialement par rapport au corps de pignon 30 entre une position de repos pendant laquelle l'entraîneur 40 est libre en rotation par rapport au corps de pignon 30 et une position active dans lequel l'entraîneur 40 est solidaire en rotation par friction avec le corps pignon 30. L'entraîneur 40 comprend un plateau de pression 411. Des éléments de friction 311 tels que des disques de friction sont logés dans le corps de pignon 30 et solidaires en rotation à celui-ci. Des éléments de friction 313 sont montés sur l'entraîneur 40 et sont solidaires en rotation à celui-ci. Ces éléments de friction 313sont aptes à être serrés axialement avec les éléments de friction 311 entre le plateau de pression 411 et le plateau de réaction 312 en fonction de la position de l'entraîneur 40. Les éléments de friction 311 adhèrent aux éléments de friction 313 lorsque l'entraîneur 40 est dans la position active. Le lanceur comprend des rondelles Belleville 401 et 401' montées axialement sur l'entraîneur 40 entre un épaulement 412 de l'entraîneur 40 et le plateau de pression 411. Une butée 303 fixe au corps de pignon limite la course de l'entraîneur 40 par rapport au corps de pignon 30. La butée 30 a aussi pour effet de limiter le couple transmis dans un cas de survitesse, durant lequel le moteur thermique une fois démarré, entraîne le démarreur dans un régime de rotation nocif pour le moteur du démarreur. La limitation du couple permet ainsi de découpler le corps de pignon 30 de l'entraîneur 40 dans un cas d'entraînement en survitesse. Le corps de pignon 30 comprend un couvercle 32 solidaire au corps de pignon 30 visible sur la figure 4 et 5. Le couvercle 32 solidaire au corps de pignon est mû axialement par rapport à l'arbre d'entraînement par un levier de commande appartenant au démarreur non représenté sur la figure 2. Comme cela est visible sur la figure 4, le couvercle 32 solidaire au corps de pignon comprend une première partie 321 et une deuxième partie 322, la première partie 321 étant surmoulée sur la deuxième partie 322. La première partie 321 du couvercle entoure l'épaulement 412 de l'entraîneur 40 et est en contact avec cet épaulement 412 de la position repos à la position active de l'entraîneur 40 afin de centrer et guider l'entraîneur 40 le long de sa course. Le centrage et le guidage de l'entraîneur 40 est réalisé sur l'épaulement 412 car le diamètre de cet épaulement est le plus grand diamètre de l'entraîneur, ce qui permet un guidage et un centrage plus efficace. Le couvercle 32 solidaire comprend une troisième partie 323 montée sur la surface extérieure du corps de pignon 30. La troisième partie 323 du couvercle 32 est maintenue par des rainures axiales et des rainures circonférentielles réalisées sur la surface cylindrique extérieure du corps de pignon 30 permettant de bloquer les degrés de liberté de rotation et de translation de la troisième partie 323. La troisième partie 323 du couvercle 32 est assemblée et maintenue en position sur le corps de pignon 30 par procédé de filage. Ce procédé implique l'application d'un outil cylindrique autour de la troisième partie 323 dont le diamètre intérieur est inférieur au diamètre extérieur de la troisième partie 323. Un effort est appliqué par un actionneur de type presse sur l'outil de façon à faire fluer le matériau de la troisième partie 323 sur la surface extérieure du corps de pignon 30 pour un maintien en position. La première partie 321 du couvercle comporte un matériau polymère renforcé par des fibres de carbone associé à un matériau lubrifiant solide afin de diminuer le coefficient de frottement au niveau des contacts entre l'épaulement 412 de l'entraîneur 40 et la première partie 321 puis entre le levier de commande et la première partie 321. The launcher 1 shown in Figure 2 comprises a pinion 20 for meshing with the starter ring of a heat engine not shown in Figure 2. The pinion 20 is rotatably connected to a pinion body 30. In the In this case, the pinion is rotatably mounted to the pinion body 30. The pinion 20 and the pinion body 30 each comprise complementary grooves 31 making it possible to block the degree of freedom of rotation between the pinion 20 and the pinion body 30. According to another example not shown, the pinion is connected in rotation with the pinion body by means of helical grooves. The pinion 20 is retained on one side axially by a stop made by an elastic ring not shown in Figure 2. This elastic ring being housed in a groove 301 formed on the pinion body 30. The other side of the pinion 20 is biased by a compressed spring 302 providing an axial direction force pushing the pinion 20 towards the abutment previously described. The spring 302 compresses in the case where at least one tooth of the pinion 20 is locked axially against at least one tooth of the starter ring of the heat engine, this case being called the tooth against tooth case. The pinion body 30 is rotatably mounted on a drive shaft rotatably connected to the rotor of the electric motor of the starter not shown in FIG. 2. The launcher 1 further comprises a driver 40. The driver 40 is axially movable by relative to the pinion body 30 between a rest position during which the driver 40 is free to rotate with respect to the pinion body 30 and an active position in which the driver 40 is frictionally integral with the pinion body 30. The driver 40 comprises a pressure plate 411. Friction members 311 such as friction disks are housed in the pinion body 30 and integral in rotation therewith. Friction members 313 are mounted on the driver 40 and are rotationally integral therewith. These friction elements 313 are able to be clamped axially with the friction elements 311 between the pressure plate 411 and the reaction plate 312 as a function of the position of the driver 40. The friction elements 311 adhere to the friction elements 313. when the trainer 40 is in the active position. The launcher comprises Belleville washers 401 and 401 'mounted axially on the driver 40 between a shoulder 412 of the driver 40 and the pressure plate 411. A fixed stop 303 to the pinion body limits the travel of the driver 40 by The stop 30 also has the effect of limiting the torque transmitted in a case of overspeed, during which the engine once started, drives the starter in a rotational regime harmful to the starter motor. The limitation of the torque thus makes it possible to decouple the pinion body 30 from the driver 40 in an overspeed drive case. The pinion body 30 comprises a cover 32 integral with the pinion body 30 visible in FIG. 4 and 5. The cover 32 integral with the pinion body is moved axially with respect to the drive shaft by a control lever belonging to the starter not shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 4, the cover 32 secured to the pinion body comprises a first portion 321 and a second portion 322, the first portion 321 being overmolded on the second portion 322. The first Part 321 of the cover surrounds the shoulder 412 of the driver 40 and is in contact with this shoulder 412 from the rest position to the active position of the driver 40 in order to center and guide the driver 40 along its stroke. The centering and guiding of the driver 40 is performed on the shoulder 412 because the diameter of this shoulder is the largest diameter of the driver, which allows a guide and a more effective centering. The integral cover 32 includes a third portion 323 mounted on the outer surface of the pinion body 30. The third portion 323 of the cover 32 is held by axial grooves and circumferential grooves formed on the outer cylindrical surface of the pinion body 30 allowing block the degrees of freedom of rotation and translation of the third portion 323. The third portion 323 of the cover 32 is assembled and held in position on the pinion body 30 by spinning process. This method involves the application of a cylindrical tool around the third portion 323 whose inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the third portion 323. A force is applied by a press-type actuator on the tool to make flowing the material of the third portion 323 onto the outer surface of the pinion body 30 for holding in position. The first portion 321 of the cover comprises a carbon fiber reinforced polymeric material associated with a solid lubricant material to reduce the coefficient of friction at the contacts between the shoulder 412 of the driver 40 and the first portion 321 and between the control lever and the first part 321.
La figure 3 représente un second mode de réalisation identique au premier mode de réalisation excepté en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques suivantes. La première partie 321 du couvercle entoure l'épaulement 413. Cette première partie 321 est en contact avec l'épaulement 413 de la position repos à la position active de l'entraîneur 40 afin de centrer et guider l'entraîneur 40 le long de sa course. Le centrage et le guidage de l'entraîneur 40 est réalisé sur l'épaulement 413 car la portée de contact entre l'entraîneur 40 et l'épaulement 413 est plus longue que sur l'épaulement 412. Dans le premier et le second mode de réalisation, la première portion 3211 de la première partie 321 comporte un matériau permettant l'obtention d'un coefficient de frottement inférieur ou égal à 0,3 au niveau du contact entre l'entraîneur 40 et celle-ci. Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment identical to the first embodiment except for the following features. The first portion 321 of the cover surrounds the shoulder 413. This first portion 321 is in contact with shoulder 413 from the rest position to the active position of the driver 40 to center and guide the driver 40 along its stroke. The centering and guiding of the driver 40 is carried out on the shoulder 413 because the contact surface between the driver 40 and the shoulder 413 is longer than on the shoulder 412. In the first and the second mode of realization, the first portion 3211 of the first portion 321 comprises a material for obtaining a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3 at the contact between the driver 40 and the latter.
Dans le premier et le second mode de réalisation, la deuxième portion 3212 de la première partie 321 comporte un matériau permettant l'obtention d'un coefficient de frottement inférieur ou égal à 0,3 au niveau du contact entre le levier et celle-ci. In the first and second embodiments, the second portion 3212 of the first portion 321 comprises a material making it possible to obtain a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3 at the contact between the lever and the latter .
Dans le premier et le second mode de réalisation, la première partie 321 du couvercle comporte au moins un polymère combiné avec un matériau lubrifiant solide et de la fibre. Ces matériaux combinés ont pour effet de diminuer le coefficient de frottement et de fournir une structure rigide. La fibre utilisée combinée avec le matériau lubrifiant solide est de la fibre de carbone dont le taux de fibres de carbone est compris entre 20% et 50%, en l'occurrence 30%. Cela permet un renforcement de la structure de la première partie 321 du couvercle et une amélioration de sa tenue mécanique. Le lubrifiant solide que comporte la première partie 321 du couvercle est de type PTFE. Cela permet de diminuer le coefficient de frottement au niveau du contact entre la première partie 321 du couvercle et une autre surface. Dans un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, la première partie 321 du couvercle comporte un matériau du type Polyamide aliphatique 6/6 renforcé avec plus ou moins 30% de fibres de carbone et est associé à un lubrifiant solide de type polytétrafluoroéthylène et/ou du type polyphtalamide renforcé avec plus ou moins 30% de fibres de carbone. Ce matériau apporte un compromis entre tenue mécanique, rigidité structurelle et faible coefficient de frottement. La deuxième partie 322 du couvercle comprend un matériau de type acier permettant de rigidifier celle-ci et d'améliorer son comportement mécanique. In the first and second embodiments, the first portion 321 of the lid includes at least one polymer combined with a solid lubricant material and fiber. These combined materials have the effect of decreasing the coefficient of friction and providing a rigid structure. The fiber used combined with the solid lubricant material is carbon fiber whose carbon fiber content is between 20% and 50%, in this case 30%. This allows a strengthening of the structure of the first portion 321 of the cover and an improvement in its mechanical strength. The solid lubricant that comprises the first portion 321 of the lid is of the PTFE type. This reduces the coefficient of friction at the contact between the first portion 321 of the cover and another surface. In another embodiment not shown, the first portion 321 of the lid comprises a material of the type 6/6 aliphatic polyamide reinforced with more or less 30% of carbon fibers and is associated with a solid lubricant of polytetrafluoroethylene type and / or type polyphthalamide reinforced with more or less 30% carbon fiber. This material offers a compromise between mechanical strength, structural rigidity and low coefficient of friction. The second portion 322 of the cover comprises a material of steel type for stiffening thereof and to improve its mechanical behavior.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté (figures 2 et 3), la troisième partie 323 du couvercle est de même matériau que la deuxième partie 322 du couvercle. Cela permet de rigidifier la troisième partie du couvercle et d'améliorer son comportement mécanique.  In the embodiment shown (Figures 2 and 3), the third portion 323 of the cover is of the same material as the second portion 322 of the cover. This makes it possible to stiffen the third part of the cover and to improve its mechanical behavior.
Le fonctionnement du système de lanceur 1 dans les deux modes de réalisation se déroule de la manière suivante : The operation of the launcher system 1 in both embodiments proceeds as follows:
Une première partie d'un levier non représenté sur les figures, en rotation par rapport à un bâti non représenté sur les figures, entre en contact avec la première partie 321 du couvercle et génère un effort axial sur cette première partie 321 vers l'avant Une seconde partie du levier, en poursuivant son mouvement de rotation, émet un effort axial sur l'entraîneur 40 par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de poussée 41 dans la même direction que l'effort appliqué sur la première partie 321 du couvercle. La première partie du levier n'est alors plus en contact avec la première partie du couvercle 321. A ce stade, deux cas de fonctionnement distincts peuvent avoir lieu lorsque de la vitesse de rotation de la couronne est nulle au démarrage. A first part of a lever not shown in the figures, in rotation with respect to a frame not shown in the figures, comes into contact with the first part 321 of the cover and generates an axial force on this first part 321 towards the front A second part of the lever, while continuing its rotational movement, emits an axial force on the driver 40 via a thrust piece 41 in the same direction as the force applied to the first portion 321 of the cover. The first part of the lever is then no longer in contact with the first part of the cover 321. At this stage, two distinct cases of operation can take place when the speed of rotation of the ring is zero at startup.
Dans un premier cas, le pignon 20 en contact avec la butée maintenue par la gorge 301 s'engage avec la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique non représentée sur les figures. Dans la continuité de l'effort axial généré par le levier sur l'entraîneur 40, les disques de friction 311 et 313 montés sur le corps de pignon 30 et l'entraîneur 40 sont comprimés et adhèrent les uns avec les autres pour permettre la transmission du couple. Le moteur électrique du démarreur non représenté sur les figures émet un couple à l'entraîneur 40 qui le transmet directement au corps de pignon 30 puis au pignon 20 par l'intermédiaire des disques de friction 311 et 313. La couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique est à ce moment mise en rotation et le moteur thermique démarre. Lorsque le moteur thermique est démarré, la couronne tourne plus vite que l'arbre de sortie du moteur électrique du démarreur. Dans ce cas, l'entraîneur 40 vient en contact avec la première portion 3211 de la première partie 321 et ce contact génère des frottements. In a first case, the pinion 20 in contact with the stop held by the groove 301 engages with the starting ring of the engine not shown in the figures. In the continuity of the axial force generated by the lever on the driver 40, the friction discs 311 and 313 mounted on the pinion body 30 and the driver 40 are compressed and adhere to each other to allow transmission. of the couple. The electric motor of the starter not shown in the figures transmits a torque to the driver 40 which transmits it directly to the pinion body 30 and then to the pinion 20 via the friction discs 311 and 313. The starting ring of the engine is then rotated and the engine starts. When the engine is started, the crown rotates faster than the output shaft of the starter motor. In this case, the driver 40 comes into contact with the first portion 3211 of the first portion 321 and this contact generates friction.
Dans un second cas, le pignon 20 ne s'engage pas directement avec la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique à cause d'un contact dent contre dent entre le pignon 20 et la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique. L'effort axial généré par le levier sur l'entraîneur 40 génère un contact des disques de friction 311 et 313 entre eux puis le moteur électrique du démarreur transmet un couple à l'entraîneur 40, le transmettant directement au corps de pignon 30 par l'intermédiaire des disques de friction 311 et 313 en phase d'adhérence. Le levier continue de fournir un effort sur l'entraîneur 40, l'entraîneur entrant alors en contact avec une butée 303 ayant pour fonction, avec les rondelles Belleville 401 et 401', de limiter le couple transmis. La mise en rotation du pignon 20 élimine le contact dent contre dent et facilite l'engagement entre le pignon 20 et la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique. La couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique est à ce moment mise en rotation et le moteur thermique démarre. Dans ces deux cas, du fait du faible coefficient de frottement de 0,3 dû au matériau que comporte la première portion 3211 de la première partie 321, les frottements sont limités. Ainsi, la faible usure de l'entraîneur 40 et du couvercle pendant la durée de vie du lanceur ne modifie pas le fonctionnement du mécanisme. In a second case, the pinion 20 does not engage directly with the starting ring of the engine because of a tooth against tooth contact between the pinion 20 and the starting ring of the engine. The axial force generated by the lever on the driver 40 generates a contact friction discs 311 and 313 between them and the electric motor of the starter transmits a torque to the driver 40, transmitting directly to the pinion body 30 by the intermediate friction discs 311 and 313 in adhesion phase. The lever continues to provide a force on the coach 40, the coach then coming into contact with a stop 303 having the function, with the Belleville washers 401 and 401 ', to limit the torque transmitted. The rotation of the pinion 20 eliminates the tooth against tooth contact and facilitates the engagement between the pinion 20 and the starting ring of the engine. The starting ring of the engine is now rotated and the engine starts. In these two cases, because of the low coefficient of friction of 0.3 due to the material that comprises the first portion 3211 of the first portion 321, the friction is limited. Thus, the low wear of the driver 40 and the lid during the life of the launcher does not affect the operation of the mechanism.
Selon un autre mode de fonctionnement, lorsque le démarreur est actionné alors que la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique est déjà en train de tourner (cas de redémarrage lors de l'utilisation de la fonction « arrêt et redémarrage »), le pignon 20 tourne pour se synchroniser avec la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique. Le levier est alors en contact avec la deuxième portion 3212 de la première partie 321 et le contact entre le levier et cette portion 3212 génère des frottements. . Du fait du faible coefficient de frottement de 0,3 dû au matériau que comporte la deuxième portion 3212 de la première partie 321, les frottements sont limités. Ainsi, la faible usure de l'entraîneur 40 et du couvercle pendant la durée de vie du lanceur ne modifie pas le fonctionnement du mécanisme. According to another mode of operation, when the starter is actuated while the starting ring of the engine is already running (restart case when using the "stop and restart" function), the pinion 20 rotates to synchronize with the starting ring of the engine. The lever is then in contact with the second portion 3212 of the first portion 321 and the contact between the lever and this portion 3212 generates friction. . Due to the low coefficient of friction of 0.3 due to the material that comprises the second portion 3212 of the first portion 321, the friction is limited. Thus, the low wear of the driver 40 and the lid during the life of the launcher does not affect the operation of the mechanism.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de mise en œuvre qui viennent d'être décrits. Of course, the invention is not limited to the implementation examples which have just been described.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Lanceur de démarreur de moteur thermique à couronne de démarrage comportant : Starter motor starter starter launcher comprising:
un pignon destiné à engrener avec la couronne de démarrage,  a pinion for meshing with the starter ring,
un corps de pignon solidaire en rotation du pignon,  a pinion body integral in rotation with the pinion,
un élément de friction tel qu'un disque de friction logé sur le corps de pignon et apte à être serré axialement entre un plateau de réaction et un plateau de pression, un entraîneur monté mobile axialement par rapport au pignon entre une position repos et une position active sur lequel est monté au moins un élément de friction tel qu'un disque de friction apte à être serré axialement entre le plateau de réaction et le plateau de pression,  a friction element such as a friction disk housed on the pinion body and adapted to be clamped axially between a reaction plate and a pressure plate, a driver mounted axially movable relative to the pinion between a rest position and a position active member on which is mounted at least one friction element such as a friction disk that can be clamped axially between the reaction plate and the pressure plate,
un couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon qui comprend une première portion, le couvercle étant en contact avec le corps de pignon et en contact avec l'entraîneur en position repos et dont le coefficient de frottement du contact de la première portion du couvercle sur l'entraîneur est inférieur ou égal à 0,3.  a lid secured to the pinion body which comprises a first portion, the lid being in contact with the pinion body and in contact with the driver in the rest position and whose coefficient of friction of the contact of the first portion of the lid on the coach is less than or equal to 0.3.
2. Lanceur de démarreur selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un levier de commande apte à mouvoir axialement le corps de pignon poussant une deuxième portion du couvercle solidaire au corps de pignon, le contact entre la deuxième portion et le levier de commande ayant un coefficient de frottement inférieur ou égal à 0,3. 2. Launcher of starter according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a control lever adapted to axially move the pinion body pushing a second portion of the integral cover pinion body, the contact between the second portion and the lever of control having a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.3.
3. Lanceur de démarreur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle comprend une première partie et une deuxième partie, la première partie comprenant la première portion, laquelle est constituée d'un matériau permettant un coefficient de frottement de 0,3 avec l'entraîneur. Starter starter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion comprising the first portion, which consists of a material allowing a coefficient of friction of 0, 3 with the coach.
4. Lanceur de démarreur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la première partie comprend en outre la deuxième portion située contre une face de la deuxième partie opposée à la face de la deuxième partie en contact avec la première portion. 4. starter starter according to claim 3, characterized in that the first portion further comprises the second portion located against a face of the second portion opposite the face of the second portion in contact with the first portion.
5. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle comprend une première partie et une deuxième partie, la première partie étant surmoulée sur la deuxième partie. 5. starter starter according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the cover comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being overmolded on the second portion.
6. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une troisième partie montée sur la surface extérieure du corps de pignon. 6. starter starter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a third portion mounted on the outer surface of the pinion body.
7. Lanceur de démarreur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la troisième partie est maintenue par au moins une rainure de direction axiale sur la surface circonférentielle extérieure du corps de pignon. The starter starter according to claim 6, characterized in that the third portion is held by at least one axial direction groove on the outer circumferential surface of the pinion body.
8. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une des revendications 6 à 7 caractérisé en ce que la troisième partie du couvercle est maintenue par au moins une rainure de direction circonférentielle sur la surface cylindrique du corps de pignon. 8. starter starter according to one of claims 6 to 7 characterized in that the third part of the lid is held by at least one circumferential direction groove on the cylindrical surface of the pinion body.
9. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle forme une butée de l'entraîneur en position repos. 9. starter starter according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cover forms a stop of the trainer in the rest position.
10. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la troisième partie du couvercle est maintenue sur le corps de pignon par procédé de filage. 10. Starter starter according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the third part of the lid is held on the pinion body by spinning process.
11. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première portion comporte au moins un polymère combiné avec un matériau lubrifiant solide et de la fibre. 11. Starter starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first portion comprises at least one polymer combined with a solid lubricant material and fiber.
12. Lanceur de démarreur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la première partie du couvercle comporte un taux de fibres de carbone compris entre 20 et 50%, notamment 30%. 12. starter starter according to claim 11, characterized in that the first portion of the lid has a carbon fiber content of between 20 and 50%, especially 30%.
13. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième partie du couvercle comprend un matériau métallique, en l'occurrence de l'acier. 13. Starter starter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second part of the lid comprises a metallic material, in this case steel.
14. Lanceur de démarreur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la troisième partie du couvercle est de même matériau que la deuxième partie du couvercle. 14. starter starter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third part of the lid is of the same material as the second part of the lid.
PCT/FR2015/050787 2014-03-28 2015-03-27 Starter drive for internal combustion engine WO2015145087A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1452730A FR3019234B1 (en) 2014-03-28 2014-03-28 STARTER LAUNCHER WITH COVER LIMITING WEAR
FR1452730 2014-03-28

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WO2015145087A1 true WO2015145087A1 (en) 2015-10-01

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018029418A1 (en) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-15 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter equipped with a pinion carrier and a pinion

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US1950296A (en) * 1932-01-29 1934-03-06 Eclipse Machine Co Driving mechanism for engine starters
FR1360497A (en) 1963-06-12 1964-05-08 Siemens Ag Process for producing crystalline layers of low volatility substances, in particular semiconductor substances
WO2006100353A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-28 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Internal combustion engine starter equipped with a friction free-wheel starter drive assembly
CN2837603Y (en) * 2004-12-15 2006-11-15 陈萌 External gear decelerating and friction disk type one-way clutch
FR2963392A1 (en) * 2010-07-27 2012-02-03 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur LAUNCHER STARTER EQUIPPED WITH A COUPLING SYSTEM FOR COUPLING A KNUCKLED PINION TO ITS ROTOR SHAFT AND ITS PROCESS
WO2013014385A2 (en) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Mobile assembly comprising a starter drive unit and a control lever, for meshing with a starter ring gear of a heat engine, and a heat engine starter comprising such an assembly
WO2015075400A1 (en) * 2013-11-21 2015-05-28 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter and starter drive assembly for a combustion engine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1950296A (en) * 1932-01-29 1934-03-06 Eclipse Machine Co Driving mechanism for engine starters
FR1360497A (en) 1963-06-12 1964-05-08 Siemens Ag Process for producing crystalline layers of low volatility substances, in particular semiconductor substances
CN2837603Y (en) * 2004-12-15 2006-11-15 陈萌 External gear decelerating and friction disk type one-way clutch
WO2006100353A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-28 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Internal combustion engine starter equipped with a friction free-wheel starter drive assembly
FR2963392A1 (en) * 2010-07-27 2012-02-03 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur LAUNCHER STARTER EQUIPPED WITH A COUPLING SYSTEM FOR COUPLING A KNUCKLED PINION TO ITS ROTOR SHAFT AND ITS PROCESS
WO2013014385A2 (en) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Mobile assembly comprising a starter drive unit and a control lever, for meshing with a starter ring gear of a heat engine, and a heat engine starter comprising such an assembly
WO2015075400A1 (en) * 2013-11-21 2015-05-28 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter and starter drive assembly for a combustion engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018029418A1 (en) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-15 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter equipped with a pinion carrier and a pinion
FR3055031A1 (en) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-16 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur STARTER WITH PINION HOLDER AND PINION

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FR3019234A1 (en) 2015-10-02

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