WO2015144693A1 - Agencement d'échangeur de chaleur sous-marin et procédé permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de dissipation de chaleur dans un échangeur de chaleur sous-marin - Google Patents

Agencement d'échangeur de chaleur sous-marin et procédé permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de dissipation de chaleur dans un échangeur de chaleur sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015144693A1
WO2015144693A1 PCT/EP2015/056236 EP2015056236W WO2015144693A1 WO 2015144693 A1 WO2015144693 A1 WO 2015144693A1 EP 2015056236 W EP2015056236 W EP 2015056236W WO 2015144693 A1 WO2015144693 A1 WO 2015144693A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
seawater
heat exchanger
exchanger arrangement
recirculation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/056236
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rajeev Kumar PANDIT
William Joseph Antel Jr.
Original Assignee
Vetco Gray Scandinavia As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vetco Gray Scandinavia As filed Critical Vetco Gray Scandinavia As
Publication of WO2015144693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015144693A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • F28D1/022—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for immersion in a natural body of water, e.g. marine radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a subsea heat exchanger arrangement comprising a heat dissipating device arranged submerged in seawater, wherein the seawater is set in motion to enhance heat transfer by forced convection.
  • the present invention further refers to a method for supplying forced convection to a heat dissipating device arranged for transfer of heat from a hydrocarbon production process medium to the surrounding seawater.
  • heat exchangers find different uses for cooling purposes or for the purpose of heat recovery.
  • heat exchangers can be used to regulate the temperature in recovered hydrocarbons.
  • heat exchangers can be used to regulate the temperature in lubrication and barrier fluids.
  • process media the different fluid media which can be involved in hydrocarbon production processes are commonly referred to as process media in this disclosure.
  • Transfer of heat from a process medium to the surrounding seawater can take place in heat exchanger equipment according to natural convection or forced convection principles.
  • Forced convection heat exchangers for use subsea are previously known in the art.
  • WO 2008/147219 disclosing a subsea cooling unit wherein a number of convection coils are exposed to seawater inside of a funnel that is open to seawater in its top and bottom, having a fan or impeller in the bottom of the funnel driven to create a rising flow of seawater through the funnel.
  • Other examples can be found in WO 2013/004277 and WO 2010/002272, both disclosing convection coils arranged within a sealed enclosure through which seawater can be forced to pass by means of pumps.
  • the present invention provides an alternative to the known heat exchangers for use subsea.
  • An object of the present invention is thus to present a heat exchanger arrangement and a method for subsea use that supplies forced convection through a non-complex and reliable design, resulting in an inexpensive and yet efficient heat transfer from a process medium to the surrounding seawater.
  • Other objects include reduced fouling of heat exchanger pipes through sediments and marine growth e.g., as well as reduced power requirement for supplying the forced convection.
  • At least a first object is met in a heat exchanger arrangement wherein a heat dissipating device is exposed to seawater within a tank, comprising a tank wall extending from a tank bottom region to a tank top open to seawater, an outlet for seawater arranged in the bottom region of the tank, a recirculation pipe system connecting the outlet with at least one inlet opening formed through the tank wall, and a pump arranged in the recirculation pipe system, wherein the at least one inlet opening for the recirculation pipe system is arranged substantially tangential with respect to the tank wall.
  • a heat exchanger arrangement thus configured permits the practice of a method for improving heat dissipating efficiency in a subsea heat exchanger, the method thus comprising: submerging a heat dissipating device in a defined volume of seawater; creating a downward motion in the defined seawater volume by extraction of seawater from a bottom region of the defined volume of seawater, and generating a vortex motion in the defined volume of seawater through recirculation of a portion of the extracted seawater. Accordingly, the vortex motion is generated by means of a pump applying tangential velocity to the recirculation water upon return to the defined seawater volume. By extraction of water from a bottom region of the tank, the pump simultaneously applies vertical velocity and downward motion to the volume of seawater in the tank.
  • the recirculation pipe system can be arranged to open into the tank via two or more inlet openings equally spaced about the circumference of the tank. In this way, the tangential velocity can be maintained and a vortex motion be ensured for the full inner circumference of the tank.
  • the recirculation pipe system may further be arranged to open into the tank via two or more inlet openings spaced at two or more levels between the top and the bottom region of the tank. The vortex motion can in this way be maintained or even accelerated towards the bottom region of the tank.
  • a first valve or flow orifice is integrated in the recirculation pipe system and effective for ejecting a portion of the recirculation water into the ambient seawater outside the tank. More precisely, the first valve or flow orifice may advantageously be arranged to eject an amount of 25-75 %, and at least an amount of 40-60 % or about 50 % of recirculation water into the ambient seawater outside the tank.
  • the method analogously comprises a step of ejecting part of the recirculation water into the ambient sea, wherein preferably an amount of 25-75 %, and at least an amount of 40-60 % or about 50 % of the recirculation water is ejected while an equal amount of ambient seawater is allowed into the tank via the open top of the tank.
  • a second valve or flow orifice may be installed in the recirculation pipe system and arranged adjustable with respect to the first valve or orifice so as to set the amount of flow that is recirculated to the tank versus the amount of water that is ejected to the surrounding seawater.
  • the recirculation pipe system comprises a rising pipe section feeding one or more distributor pipes surrounding the tank at one or more levels.
  • the tank, or at least a lower portion of the tank is funnel-shaped, tapering towards the outlet in the bottom region of the tank.
  • the method may include the step of accelerating the downward motion by forcing the seawater through a tapering/converging passage upon extraction.
  • the tapering portion of the tank wall may be formed as a straight cone, or may in other embodiments be of parabolic shape, or convex or concave.
  • the outlet from the tank comprises a perforated pipe section that rises upwards from the tank bottom towards the heat dissipating device, in a central region of the tank.
  • the heat dissipating device can comprise a coiled or a serpentine shaped pipe or series of pipes, as conventional.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view of a heat exchanger arrangement according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a simplified schematic view showing an alternative embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement
  • Fig. 4 is a corresponding simplified schematic view showing an alternative embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement
  • Fig. 5 is a corresponding simplified schematic view showing yet an alternative embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement.
  • a subsea heat exchanger arrangement comprises a heat dissipating device 1 submerged in a volume of seawater defined and separated from the ambient sea through the walls and bottom of a tank 2.
  • the heat dissipating device 1 can be a pack of coiled or serpentine shaped pipes having an inlet 3 and outlet 4 for a hot medium M which is passed through the pipes of the heat dissipating device for cooling by transfer of heat to the seawater in the tank.
  • the tank 2 which is circular in section, has a tank top 5 open to seawater above the tank.
  • the tank top is defined by an upper rim 5 of a surrounding tank wall 6 that rises from a bottom region 7 to the tank top.
  • an outlet 8 is formed via which seawater can be extracted from the tank by means of a pump 9, connected to the outlet 8.
  • the pump 9 is installed in a seawater recirculation pipe system 10 feeding extracted seawater to a distributor pipe 11. More precisely, several distributor pipes 11, 11 ', 11 " etc. arranged at different levels about the tank 2 can this way be supplied extraction water via a rising pipe section 12 forming part of the recirculation pipe system.
  • Each distributor pipe 11 is connected to the seawater volume in the tank via one or more inlet pipes 13, 13', 13" etc., injecting flow through the tank wall 6 via corresponding inlet openings 14, 14', 14" etc.
  • the inlet pipes 13 extend at an angle relative to the tank wall 6 and relative to a radius line from the center of the tank to the inlet opening 14. More precisely, the inlet pipes 13 open substantially tangential with respect to the tank wall.
  • the expression "substantially tangential” should be understood as referring to a direction which is in parallel or almost in parallel with a true tangent or an almost true tangent to the circular periphery of the tank.
  • the recirculation water is introduced in the circumferential direction of the tank, thus generating tangential velocity and vortex motion to a peripheral portion of the volume of seawater in the tank (see the vortex arrows V in Fig. 1).
  • the vortex motion successively propagates into the more central portions of the seawater volume to pass the pipes of the heat dissipating device 1 before entering the outlet 8.
  • a portion of the extraction water being slightly warmer than the ambient seawater from absorbing heat that is conducted through the pipe walls of the heat dissipating device, is ejected to the ambient sea via a first valve or flow orifice 15 installed in the recirculation pipe system 10.
  • a second valve or flow orifice 16 is installed in the recirculation pipe system as shown in the figures.
  • the second valve or flow orifice 16 is adjustable with respect to the first valve or flow orifice 15 so as to set the amount of flow that is recirculated to the tank versus the amount of water that is ejected to the surrounding seawater.
  • valve or flow orifice 15 may be of fixed or adjustable orifice diameter and dimensioned or controlled to eject from about 25 % to about 75 % of the extracted water to the ambient sea. Preferably at least 40-60 % or about 50 % of the recirculation water is ejected.
  • the net volume of recirculated water is less than the volume extracted from the tank, thus making room for an amount of fresh seawater to be ingested via the open top of the tank.
  • a tapering tank bottom can be realized as a straight cone as shown in the embodiment of Fig. 2.
  • a tapering tank bottom may alternatively be designed with a convex or parabolic shape, or concave shape as shown in the embodiment of Fig. 3, which otherwise corresponds to the heat arrangement of Fig. 2, except for the installation of the recirculation pipe system 10. More precisely, in the embodiment of Fig. 3 the distributor pipes 11 are integrated in the tank wall whereby the inlet pipes of the previous embodiment can be omitted by forming the inlet openings 14 as tangentially directed mouths or nozzles that open directly in the wall of the distributor pipes.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 4 differs from the previous embodiments with respect to the structure of the outlet 8. More precisely, in the embodiment of Fig. 4 the outlet comprises a pipe section 17 rising upwards towards the heat dissipating device 1 in a central region of the tank. A plurality of holes 18 form a perforated pipe wall via which seawater can be extracted from a range of levels below the top of the tank. In embodiments of the invention, the perforated pipe section 17 may be extended into the heat dissipating device, as illustrated. Still another embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement is shown in the simplified schematic view of Fig. 5. The embodiment of Fig.
  • the tank wall 6 corresponds to the previous ones except for the shape of the tank 2, which in this case is shaped as a funnel in its entirety. More precisely, the tank wall 6 is continuously tapering from the rim 5 at the open top of the tank to the bottom region 7, from where the outlet 8 leads to the recirculation pipe system 10. In the embodiment of Fig. 5 the tank wall is arcuate or convex or parabolic in section. As water moves downward inside the tank its converging shape accelerates this movement. Also, losses due to recirculation pattern of water at bottom corner zones can be avoided due to the smoothly converging shape.
  • the purpose with extraction and recirculation of water is to generate tangential velocity and vortex formation about heat exchanger pipes submerged in a defined and limited seawater volume, this way promoting forced convection and enhanced transfer of heat and improved heat exchanger efficiency.
  • the limited volume of seawater about the heat exchanger pipes leads to reduced requirements with respect to pipe diameters and pump rating versus that required to maintain the same seawater velocity in e.g. an open arrangement (i.e. without an enclosing tank).
  • a pump size of about 100-125 kW can be operated to generate a nozzle velocity of about 10-12 m/s at discharge from each of nine (3x3) 50 mm diameter inlet pipes arranged at a tank having a radius of about 1000-1250 mm.
  • the diameter of the outlet from the tank can be in the order of 500 mm
  • the mass flow through the tank can be in the order of 800-900 kg/s
  • the flow rate at exit of the nine inlet pipes can be about 40 1/s, approximately.
  • these figures are inserted here as non-limiting examples.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur sous-marin et un procédé permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de dissipation de chaleur dans un échangeur de chaleur sous-marin, un dispositif de dissipation de chaleur (1) étant exposé à l'eau de mer à l'intérieur d'une cuve (2) comprenant une paroi de cuve (6) s'étendant depuis une région de fond de cuve (7) jusqu'à une partie supérieure de cuve (5) ouverte à l'eau de mer, un orifice de sortie (8) pour l'eau de mer formé dans la région de fond de la cuve, un système de tuyau de recirculation (10) raccordant l'orifice de sortie à au moins une ouverture d'entrée (14, 14', 14'') formée à travers la paroi de la cuve, et une pompe (9) agencée dans le système de tuyau de recirculation, la ou les ouvertures d'entrée étant agencées de façon à être sensiblement tangentielles par rapport à la paroi de la cuve.
PCT/EP2015/056236 2014-03-25 2015-03-24 Agencement d'échangeur de chaleur sous-marin et procédé permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de dissipation de chaleur dans un échangeur de chaleur sous-marin WO2015144693A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20140389 2014-03-25
NO20140389A NO20140389A1 (no) 2014-03-25 2014-03-25 Undersjøisk varmevekslerinnretning og en fremgangsmåte for å forbedre graden av varmeoverføring i en undersjøisk varmeveksler

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WO2015144693A1 true WO2015144693A1 (fr) 2015-10-01

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107218116A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-09-29 山东科林动力科技有限公司 一种海上作业柴油机用水箱
NO20161036A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-18 Vetco Gray Scandinavia As Method and system for temperature management of a well fluid stream in a subsea pipeline
FR3081908A1 (fr) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-06 Saipem S.A. Installation sous-marine et procede de refroidissement d'un fluide dans un echangeur de chaleur par circulation d'eau de mer.
CN115335648A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2022-11-11 世界之一高科技有限公司 热泵系统以及利用所述热泵系统的制冷制热系统

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1893484A (en) * 1932-07-26 1933-01-10 Joseph S Belt Heat exchanger
WO1988001362A1 (fr) * 1986-08-21 1988-02-25 Emil Bader Echangeur de chaleur a contre-courant a faisceau helicoidal de tubes
FR2873432A1 (fr) * 2004-07-22 2006-01-27 Piscine Service Anjou Sa Sa Echangeur de chaleur a serpentin(s) et nervure(s) helicoidale(s) d'ecartement
US20090008074A1 (en) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 Vamvakitis Dimitri L Tubular heat exchanger
DE102007033166A1 (de) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 WTS Kereskedelmi és Szolgáltató Kft. Wärmetauscher
EP2192368A2 (fr) * 2008-11-30 2010-06-02 SolarHybrid AG Echangeur thermique
EP2333431A2 (fr) * 2009-11-19 2011-06-15 France Air Installation pour la récupération de l'énergie contenue dans de l'air vicié, en particulier celui extrait des cuisines professionnelles

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1893484A (en) * 1932-07-26 1933-01-10 Joseph S Belt Heat exchanger
WO1988001362A1 (fr) * 1986-08-21 1988-02-25 Emil Bader Echangeur de chaleur a contre-courant a faisceau helicoidal de tubes
FR2873432A1 (fr) * 2004-07-22 2006-01-27 Piscine Service Anjou Sa Sa Echangeur de chaleur a serpentin(s) et nervure(s) helicoidale(s) d'ecartement
US20090008074A1 (en) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 Vamvakitis Dimitri L Tubular heat exchanger
DE102007033166A1 (de) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 WTS Kereskedelmi és Szolgáltató Kft. Wärmetauscher
EP2192368A2 (fr) * 2008-11-30 2010-06-02 SolarHybrid AG Echangeur thermique
EP2333431A2 (fr) * 2009-11-19 2011-06-15 France Air Installation pour la récupération de l'énergie contenue dans de l'air vicié, en particulier celui extrait des cuisines professionnelles

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20161036A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-18 Vetco Gray Scandinavia As Method and system for temperature management of a well fluid stream in a subsea pipeline
NO342129B1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2018-03-26 Vetco Gray Scandinavia As Method and system for temperature management of a well fluid stream in a subsea pipeline
CN107218116A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-09-29 山东科林动力科技有限公司 一种海上作业柴油机用水箱
FR3081908A1 (fr) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-06 Saipem S.A. Installation sous-marine et procede de refroidissement d'un fluide dans un echangeur de chaleur par circulation d'eau de mer.
WO2019234343A1 (fr) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-12 Saipem S.A. Installation sous-marine et procédé de refroidissement d'un fluide dans un échangeur de chaleur par circulation d'eau de mer
CN115335648A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2022-11-11 世界之一高科技有限公司 热泵系统以及利用所述热泵系统的制冷制热系统

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