WO2015142408A1 - An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower - Google Patents
An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015142408A1 WO2015142408A1 PCT/US2015/010246 US2015010246W WO2015142408A1 WO 2015142408 A1 WO2015142408 A1 WO 2015142408A1 US 2015010246 W US2015010246 W US 2015010246W WO 2015142408 A1 WO2015142408 A1 WO 2015142408A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pulses
- positive
- negative
- balance
- micro
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
- H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
- H05F3/06—Carrying-off electrostatic charges by means of ionising radiation
Definitions
- Embodiment of the invention generally relates to ionizing blowers.
- Static charge neutralizers are designed to remove or minimize static charge accumulation. Static charge neutralizers remove static charge by generating air ions and delivering those ions to a charged target.
- neutralizers is the ionizing blower.
- ionizing blower normally generates air ions with a corona electrode, and uses a fan (or fans) to direct air ions toward the target of interest.
- the first measurement is balance. Ideal balance occurs when the number of positive air ions equals the number of negative air ions. On a charge plate monitor, the ideal reading is zero. In practice, the static neutralizer is controlled within a small range around zero. For example, a static neutralizer ' s balance might be specified as approximately ⁇ 0.2 volts.
- the second measurement is air ion current. Higher air ion currents are useful because static charges can be discharged in a shorter time period. Higher air ion currents correlate with low discharge times that are measured with a charge plate monitor. BRIEF SUMMARY
- a method of automatically balancing ionized air stream created in bipolar corona discharge is provided. The method
- micro-pulsed AC power source comprises: providing an air moving device with at least one ion emitter and reference electrode connected to a micro-pulsed AC power source, and a control system with at least one ion balance monitor and corona discharge adjustment control; generating variable polarity groups of short duration ionizing micro-pulses: wherein said micro-pulses are predominantly asymmetric in amplitude and duration of both polarity voltages and have a
- the apparatus for an automatically balanced ionizing blower- is provided.
- the apparatus comprises: an air moving device and at least one ion emitter and reference
- Figure 1A is a block diagram of a general view of an ionizing blower, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure IB is a cross sectional view of the blower of Figure 1A.
- Figure 1C is a block diagram of a sensor included in an ionizing blower, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 2A is a block diagram of the ionizing blower of Figure 1A and the ionized air stream from the blower, in accordance with an embodiment of the
- Figure 2B is an electrical block diagram of a system in the ionizing blower, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a feedback algorithm 300, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 4 is a flowchart of a micropulse generator algorithm of a micropulse generator control, in
- Figure 5A is a flowchart of a system operation during the formation of a negative pulse train, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 5B is a flowchart of a system operation during the formation of a positive pulse train, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 6 is a flowchart of a system operation during a present pulse phase, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 7 is a flowchart of a system operation during the sensor input measurement, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 8 are waveform diagrams of micropulses, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 9 is a flowchart of a system operation during a balance alarm, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- An embodiment of the present invention can apply to many types of air-gas ionizers configured as, for example, ionizing bars, blowers, or in-line ionization devices .
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a general view of an ionizing blower 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, while Figure IB is a cross sectional view of the blower 100 of Figure 1A along the line A-A.
- the efficient air ionization is achieved by the bipolar corona discharge created between the array of emitter points 102 (i.e., emitter points array 102) and two reference electrodes 104,105 (shown as upper reference electrode 104 and lower reference electrode 105) .
- the emitter points 102 mounted on a protective grill 106 (i.e., air duct 106) which also helps equally to speed an ionized air flow.
- a fan 103 ( Figure 1A) is an air moving device that provides a high variable air flow 125 in a space 130 between the emitter points array 102 (ion emitter (s) 102) and the two reference electrodes 104,105.
- the air duct 106 concentrates and distributes air flow 125 in the space 130 of a corona discharge. Corona generated positive and negative ions are moving between electrodes 102, 104 and 105.
- the air flow 125 is able to take and carry only a relatively small portion of positive and negative ions created by the corona discharge.
- the air 125 is forced out of the air duct (106) outlet 131 and the air 125 passes an air ionization sensor 101.
- FIG. 1C Details one embodiment of a design of the sensor 101 are shown in Figure 1C.
- a fan (shown as block 126 in Figure IB) provides the flow of air 125.
- the air ionization voltage sensor 101 has a louver type thin dielectric plate 109 stretched on full width of the duct 106.
- the louver plate 109 directs a portion 125a (or sample 125a) of the ionized air flow 125b (ionized air stream 125b) coming from the duct 106 and upper electrode 104 (see also Figure 2A) , so that the sensor 101 can sense and collect some of the ion charges in the portion 125a of the ionized air flow 125b.
- a top side 132 of the plate 109 has a narrow metal strip functioning as a sensitive electrode 108 and a bottom side 133 has wider grounded plain electrode 110. This electrode 110 is typically shielded so that the air ionization sensor 101 is
- the electrode 108 collects some of the ion's charges resulting in a voltage/signal 135 ( Figure 2A) that is proportional to ion balance in the ionized air flow 125b.
- ion balance sensors for example, in the form of conductive grille or metal mesh immersed in the ion flow also can be used in other embodiments of the invention.
- an ion current sensor 204 is used to monitor ionized flow balance. Therefore, one embodiment of the invention provides a system 200 ( Figure 2) comprising the
- the system 200 comprises the air ionization voltage sensor 101 for monitoring the ionized air flow balance .
- the system 200 comprises the dual sensors comprising the air ionization voltage sensor 101 and ionization current return sensor 204, with both sensors 101 and 204
- the ionization return current sensor 204 includes the capacitor C2 and capacitor CI, and resistors Rl and R2.
- the capacitor C2 provides an AC current path to ground, bypassing the current detect circuit.
- the resistor R2 converts the Ion current to a voltage
- the return current 210 flowing from the sensor 204 is shown as 12.
- the current 254 flowing to the emitter points 102 is the current summation ⁇ (Ii ( + ) , Ii (-) , 12, Icl, Ic2) where the currents Icl and Ic2 are the currents flowing through the capacitors CI and C2, respectively.
- Figure 2A illustrates ion currents 220 flowing between the emitters 102 and reference electrodes 104, 105.
- the air flow 125 from the duct 106 converts a portion of these two ion currents 220 in an ionized air flow 125b which is moving to a target of charge
- the target is generally shown in Figure IB as the block 127 which can be placed in different locations with respect to the ionizing blower 100.
- FIG. 2B shows an electrical block diagram of a system 200 in the ionizing blower 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- the system 200 includes an Ion current sensor 204, micro-pulse high voltage power supply 230 (micro-pulsed AC power source 230) (which is formed by the pulse driver 202 and high voltage (HV) transformer 203) , and a control system 201 of the
- the control system 201 is a microcontroller 201.
- the microcontroller 201 receives a power from a voltage bias 256 which may be at, for example, about 3.3 DC voltage and is grounded at line [0037]
- a power converter 209 may be optionally used in the system 200 to provide various voltages (e.g. -12 VDC, 12VDC, or 3.3VDC) that is used by the system 200.
- the power converter 209 may convert a voltage source value 258 (e.g., 24 VDC) into various voltages 256 for biasing the microcontroller 201.
- the micro-pulse high voltage power supply 230 has a pulse driver 202 controlled by Micro-Controller 201.
- the pulse driver 202 is connected to a step up pulse transformer 203.
- the transformer 203 generates short duration pulses (in microsecond range) positive and negative polarities having amplitudes sufficient to produce corona discharge.
- the secondary coil of the transformer 203 is floated relatively to ground.
- a high voltage terminal 250 of transformer 203 is connected to the emitter points array 102 and a low voltage terminal 251 of transformer 203 is connected to the reference electrodes 104, 105.
- Icl and Ic2 flowing between electrodes 102 and 104,105.
- the current Icl flows between the electrodes (emitter points) 102 and the upper reference electrode 104
- the current Ic2 flows between the electrodes 102 and the lower reference electrode 105.
- Relatively small positive and negative ion corona currents marked as Ii (+) and Ii(-) leave this ions generation system 200 into the environment outside blower 100 and moving to the target.
- the ion generating system 200 is arranged in a closed loop circuit for high frequency AC capacitive currents marked Icl and Ic2 as the secondary coil of transformer 203 and corona electrodes 102,104 and 105 are virtually floated relative to ground and the ion currents Ii (+) and Ii(-) have a return path (and transmits) to ground.
- AC capacitive currents marked Icl and Ic2 as the secondary coil of transformer 203 and corona electrodes 102,104 and 105 are virtually floated relative to ground and the ion currents Ii (+) and Ii(-) have a return path (and transmits) to ground.
- the system 200 includes the ion balance monitor providing separation ions convection currents from pulsed AC currents by arranging closed loop current path between the pulsed AC voltage source 230, said ion emitter 102 and reference electrode 104 or 105.
- ion balance monitoring is performed in the system 200 during time periods between the micro- pulses. Additionally, ion balance monitoring is performed in the system 200 during time periods between the micro- pulses. Additionally, ion balance monitoring is
- the transformer 203 of the high voltage source 230, the ion emitter 102 and reference electrode 104 or 105 are arranged in a closed loop for AC current circuit and the closed loop is connected to ground by a
- capacitor sensor 101 is typically faster than the response of the ionization return current sensor 204.
- the sample signal 215 will close the switch 216 so that amplifier 218 is connected to the capacitor C3 which is then charged to a value based in response to the input signal 250.
- the ion currents floated with air stream are characterized by very low frequency and can be monitored by passing through a high mega ohm resistive circuitry Rl and R2 to ground. To minimize the influence of
- the sensor 204 has two bypass capacitive paths with CI and C2. [0050] The difference in currents Ii (+) and Ii(-) are continuously measured by sensor 204. The resulting current passing though resistive circuitry Rl, R2
- measuring voltage output of current sensor 204 or by measuring output of voltage sensor 101, or by measuring voltage from an air ionization sensor 101 and 204.
- the voltage outputs of the current sensor 204 and voltage output of voltage sensor 101 are each shown in Figure 2 by the same signal 250.
- This signal 250 is applied to the input of a sample and hold circuit 205 (sampling circuit 205) that is controlled by the Microcontroller 201 via the sample signal 215 which opens the switch 216 to trigger a sample and hold
- diagnostic signals from both sensors 101 and 204 can be compared. These diagnostic signals are input as signal 250 into the sample and hold circuit 205.
- the signal 250 is then conditioned by a low pass filter 206 and amplified by the amplifier 207 before being applied to the input of the Analog to Digital
- ADC Analog to Digital Converter
- the sample and hold circuit 205 samples the signal 250 between pulses times to minimize noise in the recovered signal 250.
- Capacitor C3 holds the last signal value in- between sample times.
- Amplifier 207 amplifies the signal 250 to a more usable level for the microcontroller 201, and this amplified signal from the amplifier 207 is shown as the balance signal 252.
- the microcontroller 201 compares the balance signal 252 with a setpoint signal 253 which is a
- the setpoint signal 253 is a variable signal that can be adjusted by the potentiometer 208.
- the setpoint signal 253 can be adjusted in order to compensate for different environments of the ionizing blower 100.
- the reference level (ground) near the output 131 ( Figure IB) of the ionizing blower 100 may be approximately zero, while the reference level near an ionization target may not be zero.
- the setpoint signal 253 may be adjusted so as to compensate for the non-zero value of the reference level at a location of the ionization target.
- the setpoint signal 253 can be decreased in this case so that the microcontroller 201 can drive the pulse driver 202 to control the HV transformer 230 to generate an HV output 254 that generates more positive ions at the emitter points 102 (due to the lower setpoint value 253 used as a comparison for trigger more positive ions generation) so as to compensate for the loss of negative ions at the location of the ionization target.
- the ionization blower 100 can achieve an ion balance in the ionizing blower 100 based on at least one or more of the following: (1) by increasing and/or decreasing the positive pulse width value and/or negative pulse width value, (2) by
- microcontroller 201 outputs the positive pulse output 815 and negative pulse output 816 ( Figures 2 and 8) which are driven into and controls the pulse driver 202.
- the transformer 230 In response to the outputs 815 and 816, the transformer 230 generates the ionization waveform 814 (HV output 814) that is applied to the emitter points 102 so as to generate an amount of positive ions and an amount of negative ions based on the ionization waveform 814.
- the balance signal 252 into the microcontroller 201 will indicate this ion imbalance.
- the microcontroller 201 will lengthen the negative pulse width (duration) 811 of negative pulses 804. Since the width 811 is lengthened, the amplitude of the negative micropulses 802 is increased.
- the positive micropulses 801 and negative micropulses 802 are high voltages output that are driven to the emitter points 102. The increased amplitude of the negative micropulses 802 will increase the negative ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- the ionization waveform 814 has generated variable polarity groups of short duration ionizing micro-pulses 801 and 802.
- the micro-pulses 801 and 802 are
- the microcontroller 201 will shorten the positive pulse width (duration) 810 of positive pulses 803. Since the width 810 is shortened, the amplitude of the positive micropulses 801 is decreased. The decreased amplitude of the positive micropulses 801 will decrease the positive ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 will lengthen the time between negative pulses 804 by lengthening the negative Rep-Rate 813 (time interval between negative pulses 804) . Since the negative Rep-Rate 813 is
- the time between negative micropulses 802 is also increased.
- the lengthened or longer negative Rep-Rate 813 will increase the time between the negative micropulses 802 which will, in turn, increase the amount of time negative ions are generated from the emitter points 102.
- micropulses 801 is also decreased.
- the shortened or shorter positive Rep-Rate 811 will decrease the time between the positive micropulses 803 which will, in turn, decrease the amount of time positive ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 will increase the number of negative pulses 804 in the negative pulse output 816.
- the microcontroller 201 has a negative pulse counter that can be increased so as to increase the number of negative pulses 804 in the negative pulse output 816. Since the number of negative pulses 804 is increased, the negative pulse train is increased in the negative pulse output 816, and this increases the number of negative micropulses 802 in the HV output which is the ionization waveform 814 that is applied to the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 will decrease the number of positive pulses 803 in the positive pulse output 815.
- the microcontroller 201 has a positive pulse counter that can be decreased so as to decrease the number of positive pulses 803 in the positive pulse output 815. Since the number of positive pulses 803 is decreased, the positive pulse train in the positive pulse output 815 is decreased and this decreases the number of positive micropulses 801 in the HV output which is the ionization waveform 814 that is applied to the emitter points 102.
- the following example is directed to achieving an ion balance in the blower 100 when the amount of negative ions exceeds the amount of positive ions in the blower.
- microcontroller 201 will indicate this ion imbalance.
- the microcontroller 201 will lengthen the positive pulse width 812 of positive pulses 803. Since the width 810 is lengthened, the amplitude of the positive micropulses 801 is increased. The increased amplitude of the positive micropulses 801 will increase the positive ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- the amplitude of the negative micropulses 802 is decreased.
- the decreased amplitude of the negative micropulses 802 will decrease the negative ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 will lengthen the time between positive pulses 803 by lengthening the positive Rep-Rate 812. Since the positive Rep-Rate 812 is lengthened, the time between positive micropulses 801 is also increased. As a result, the lengthened or longer positive Rep-Rate 812 will increase the time between the positive micropulses 801 which will, in turn, increase the amount of time the positive ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- negative Rep-Rate 813 is lengthened, the time between negative micropulses 802 is also increased. As a result, the lengthened or longer negative Rep-Rate 813 will increase the time between the negative micropulses 802 which will, in turn, decrease the amount of time the negative ions generated from the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 will increase the number of positive pulses 803 in the positive pulse output 815.
- the microcontroller 201 has a positive pulse counter that can be increased so as to increase the number of positive pulses 803 in the positive pulse output 815. Since the number of positive pulses 803 is increased, the positive pulse train in the positive pulse output 815 is lengthened and the number of positive micropulses 801 is increased in the HV output which is the ionization waveform 814 that is applied to the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 will decrease the number of negative pulses 804 in the negative pulse output 816.
- the microcontroller 201 has a negative pulse counter that can be decreased so as to decrease the number of negative pulses 804 in the negative pulse output 816. Since the number of negative pulses 804 is decreased, the negative pulse train is shortened in the negative pulse output 816 and the number of negative micropulses 802 is decreased in the HV output which is the ionization waveform 814 that is applied to the emitter points 102.
- the microcontroller 201 can adjust the pulse widths 811 and/or 810 to achieve ion balance .
- the microcontroller 201 can adjust the Rep-Rates 813 and 812 to achieve ion balance .
- the microcontroller 201 can add positive and/or negative pulses in the outputs 815 and 816, respectively.
- a duration (pulse width) of at least one polarity of the micro-pulses in Figure 8 are at least approximately 100 times shorter than a time interval between micro pulses.
- the micro-pulses in Figure 8 are arranged in following one another groups/pulse trains and wherein one polarity pulse train comprises between approximately 2 and 16 positive ionizing pulses, and a negative pulse train comprising between approximately 2 and 16 positive ionizing pulses, with time interval between the positive and negative pulse trains that is equal to approximately 2 times the period of consecutive pulses.
- the flowchart in Fig. 3 shows feedback algorithm 300 of the system 200, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- the function of providing ion balance control by use of the feedback algorithm 300 runs at the end of an ionization cycle.
- This algorithm is performed by, for example, the system 200 in Figure 2.
- the balance control feedback algorithm is started.
- control value is limited to minimum or maximum values so that the control value is limited and will not be out of range.
- control value is added to the last negative pulse width value.
- negative pulse width is compared with a maximum value (MAX) . If the negative pulse width is equal to MAX, then in block 307, the positive pulse width is decremented and the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 310. If the negative pulse width is not equal to MAX, then the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 308.
- MAX maximum value
- the negative pulse width is compared with a minimum value (MIN) . If the negative pulse width is equal to MIN, then in block 309, the positive pulse width is decremented and the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 310. If the negative pulse width is not equal to MIN, then the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 310. When the negative pulse width hits its control limit, a change in the Positive pulse width will shift the balance in such a way as to over shoot the balance setpoint, forcing the Negative pulse to its limit.
- MIN minimum value
- the positive pulse width is compared with MAX and the negative pulse width is compared with MIN. If the positive pulse width is equal to MAX and the negative pulse width is equal to MIN, then in block 311,
- the positive pulse repetition rate (Rep- Rate) is incremented OR the negative pulse Rep-rate is decremented.
- the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 314. If the positive pulse width is not equal to MAX and the negative pulse width is not equal to MIN, then the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 312.
- the positive pulse width is compared with MIN and the negative pulse width is compared with MAX. If the positive pulse width is equal to MIN and the negative pulse width is equal to MAX, then in block 313, alternately, the positive pulse repetition rate (Rep- Rate) is decremented OR the negative pulse Rep-rate is incremented. The algorithm 300 proceeds to block 314. If the positive pulse width is not equal to MIN and the negative pulse width is not equal to MAX, then the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 314.
- the Positive and Negative Pulse width control is used when the balance is close to the setpoint. As the emitter points age or as the environment dictates, the Positive and Negative Pulse width control will not have the range and will "Hit" is control limit (Positive at its Maximum and Negative at its Minimum (or vice versa) ) . When this happens the algorithm changes the Positive or Negative Rep-Rate, effectively increasing or decreasing the amount of On-Time of the Positive or Negative ion generation and shifts the balance toward the setpoint.
- the positive pulse Rep-Rate is compared with a minimum pulse repetition rate value (MIN-Rep-Rate) and the negative pulse Rep-Rate is compared with a maximum pulse repetition rate value (MAX-Rep-Rate) . If the positive pulse Rep-Rate is equal to MIN-Rep-Rate AND the negative pulse Rep-Rate is equal to MAX-Rep-Rate, then in block 315, one negative pulse is shifted to a positive pulse through an offtime count, and the algorithm 300 then proceeds to block 318 during which the balance control feedback algorithm 300 ends.
- An offtime count is when the ionization waveform is off.
- the off-time is the time between negative and positive and positive and negative group (or train of pulses) of pulses and is defined here as a count, equal to a pulse duration with a Positive or Negative Rep-Rate.
- the positive pulse Rep-Rate is compared with MAX-Rep-Rate and the negative pulse Rep- Rate is compared with MIN-Rep-Rate) . If the positive pulse Rep-Rate is equal to MAX-Rep-Rate AND the negative pulse Rep-Rate is equal to MIN-Rep-Rate, then in block 317, one positive pulse is shifted to a negative pulse through an offtime count, and the algorithm 300 then proceeds to block 318 during which the balance control feedback algorithm 300 ends. If the positive pulse Rep- Rate is not equal to MAX-Rep-Rate AND the negative pulse Rep-Rate is not equal to MIN-Rep-Rate, then the algorithm 300 proceeds to block 318 during which the algorithm 300 ends .
- the algorithm triggers the next adjustment control level.
- Shifting a micro pulse from Positive pulse group to Off-Time pulse group to Negative pulse group shifts the balance in the Negative direction.
- shifting a micro pulse from Negative pulse group to Off- Time pulse group to Positive pulse group shifts the balance in the positive direction.
- Using the Off-Time group reduces the effect, and thus provides a finer control .
- a flowchart in Figure 4 shows an algorithm 400 of a micropulse generator control. Waveforms of driving pulses and a high voltage output illustrated in the diagram of Figure 8.
- This algorithm 400 is performed by, for example, the system 200 in Figure 2.
- an interrupt service routine of Timerl is started.
- the algorithm 400 for the micropulse generator runs, for example, every 0.1 milliseconds.
- a micropulse repetition rate counter is decremented. This counter is the repetition rate divider counter of Timerl.
- Timerl is the main loop timer and pulse control timer running at 0.1ms. Timerl turns on the HVPS output, thus the start of the micro pulse, where TimerO turns off the HVPS, ending the micro pulse.
- Timerl sets the rep-rate and triggers the Analog to digital conversion
- TimerO set the micro pulse width .
- a comparison is performed if the micropulse repetition rate counter is equal to 2. In other words, a test is performed to determine if the Rep- Rate divider count is 2 count from the start of the next micropulse.
- the step in block 403 will synchronize the ADC (in the microcontroller 201) to a time just before the next micropulse transmission. If the micropulse repetition rate counter is equal to 2, then the sample and hold circuit 205 is set to sample mode as shown in block 404. In block 405, the ADC in the microcontroller 201 reads the sensor input signal from the sample and hold circuit 205.
- micropulse repetition rate counter is not equal to 2
- the algorithm 400 proceeds to block 406.
- Blocks 404 and 405 starts and performs the Analog- to-Digital conversion to permit the microcontroller 201 to measure the analog input received from the sample and hold circuit 205.
- sample and hold circuit 205 When the sample and hold circuit 205 is enabled, typically at approximately 0.2 milliseconds before the next micro-pulse occurs at block 403 with the micropulses 803 and 804 having pulse widths 810 and 811,
- ADC Analog to Digital Converter
- the resulting sample rate of the balance signal is typically about 1.0 millisecond, and in
- rep-rate (rep-rate) .
- the actual sample rate varies as rep-rate 812, 813 ( Figure 8) varies (as shown in blocks 310, 311, 312, 313) but will always remain in
- the method of signal sampling before the next micropulse allows the system 200 to ignore noise and current surges (capacitive coupled) and advantageously avoid corrupting the ion balance measurement .
- a test is performed to determine if the Rep-Rate divider counter of Timerl s ready to begin the next micropulse. A comparison is performed if the micropulse repetition rate counter is equal to zero. If the micropulse repetition rate counter is not equal to zero, then the algorithm 400 proceeds to block 412. If the micropulse repetition rate counter is equal to zero, then the algorithm 400 proceeds to block 417.
- micropulse repetition rate counter is reloaded from data registers. This will reload the time interval for the start of the next pulse (micropulse) .
- the algorithm 400 then proceeds to block 417.
- Blocks 408, 409, and 410 provide steps that determine if a new Pulse Phase is started or to continue the current Pulse Phase.
- the TimerO (micropulse width counter) is started.
- the TimerO controls the micropulse width, as discussed below with reference to blocks 414- 417.
- micropulse width is controlled based on blocks 414-417.
- the interrupt service routine of TimerO is started.
- the positive micropulse drive is set to off (i.e., the positive micropulses are turned off) .
- the negative micropulse drive is set to off (i.e., the negative micropulses are turned off) .
- the interrupt service routine of TimerO is ended .
- the duration of TimerO is equal to the micropulse width 454 of micropulse drive signal 452.
- the micropulse width 454 begins at pulse rising edge 456 (which is triggered at the start of the TimerO) and ends at the pulse falling edge 458 which is triggered at the end of the TimerO) .
- Blocks 701-706 describes the operations of the sample and hold circuit 205 and ADC conversion of data from the sample and hold circuit 205. At the end of the ADC conversion 701, about 0.1 milliseconds later, the sample and hold block 205 is disabled, preventing the noise and current surges from corrupting the balance measurement. The resulting measurement 703 and Sample Counter 705 are added to the previous Raw Measurement Sum 704 value and saved, waiting further processing.
- Blocks 707-716 is an averaging routine for averaging the measurements of the sensors 101 and/or 204 and obtains an Ion Balance
- FIG. 5A, 5B, and Figure 6 illustrate system operation during formation of negative and positive polarity pulse trains.
- An Ionization cycle 531 is comprised of a series of positive pulses 502, 602, followed by an off time interval 503, 603, followed by a series of negative pulses 517, 604 followed by an off time interval 518, 605.
- the Ion Balance Measurement Average is calculated 709, and the Raw
- Block 501 the routine of the next pulse phase for a negative pulse train is started.
- Blocks 502-515 describe the steps for
- Blocks 517-532 describe the steps for generating positive series of pulses and the off time of the pulse duration.
- Blocks 601-613 describe the steps for generating the next pulse phase or if the present pulse phase continues.
- the Balance Measurement Average is then combined using a Finite Impulse Response calculation to combine the Balance Measurement Average with previous
- the balance control loop 301 compares the Balance Measurement to the set point value 302 yielding an error value.
- the Error signal is multiplied by the loop gain 303, checked for over/under range 304 and added to the present Negative Pulse Width value.
- the pulse width of the driving micropulse changes the peak amplitude of the resulting High Voltage (HV) wave 814, 801, 802. In this case the negative pulse amplitude is change to effect a change in the Ion Balance. If the error signal value is greater than zero, the Negative pulse width is adjusted up, thus increasing the negative HV pulse amplitude as a result, changing the balance in the negative direction. Conversely, if the balance is negative, the Negative pulse width is adjusted down, thus changing the balance in the positive direction.
- the Negative pulse width may hit its control limit.
- the Positive pulse width is adjusted down 307 for a positive out-of- balance or up 309 for a negative out-of-balance until the Negative pulse width can again resume control.
- This method of control using the Negative and Positive pulse width yields an average balance control adjustment range of approximately 10V with a stability of less than 3V.
- Negative pulse width and the Positive pulse width are once again within their control ranges. Likewise, for a for a large negative out-of-balance condition the
- the Off-time Pulse count will be decreased 317 and the Negative pulse count will increase 317 by one pulse count, resulting in a further negative change in balance. This shifting of one pulse from negative to positive packets /trains continues until the Positive/Negative rep-rate is once again within their control ranges. Likewise, for a for an extreme negative out-of-balance condition one pulse at a time will be shift from the positive pulse 315
- the Balance Measurement is compared to the setpoint. If the Balance Measurement is determine to be outside its specified range,
- Figure 9 is method for providing a feedback routine that actuates an ion balance alarm if an ion imbalance is present.
- Blocks 901-909 performs
- Blocks 910-916 determines if a balance alarm is actuated
- the Balance Measurement is evaluated 903, when outside this range a "1" is left shifted into the Alarm register 904 otherwise a "0" left shifted into the Alarm register 902.
- the Alarm register contains a value of 255 (all "l"s) the Balance Measurement is declared in alarm.
- the Balance Measurement is declared not in alarm. Any value of the Alarm register not 255 or 0 is ignored and the state of the alarm is unchanged. This filters the Alarm notification and prevents sporadic notifications. As a byproduct, the notification delay allows sufficient time for the Balance control system to recover from external stimulus.
- This routine 910 checks the Positive and Negative pulse counts for limit condition 911, 912. As stated above, when an out-of-balance condition exists and the Positive/Negative pulse width and the Positive/Negative rep-rate are at their respective limits, the Positive and Negative pulse counts are adjusted. However in the event the Balance cannot be brought back into the specification the and the Positive/Negative pulse counts have reached their adjustment limit 911 912, an alarm state is force by setting the Alarm register to a value of all "l"s 913, setting the Alarm flag 914, and setting both alarm status bits 915.
- the method and technic of automatic balance control discussed above is not limited to one type of ionizing blower. They can be used in different models of ionizing blowers with variety emitter electrodes. Other applications of the automatic system include models of ionizing bars with micro-pulse high voltage power
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Cleaning And Drying Hair (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016558145A JP6717750B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-01-06 | Micro-pulse ionization blower with automatic balancing |
CN201580025125.2A CN106463915B (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-01-06 | Self balancing micropulse ionizes blower |
KR1020167026399A KR102322725B1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-01-06 | An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower |
EP15701435.8A EP3120429B1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-01-06 | An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower |
SG11201607255RA SG11201607255RA (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-01-06 | An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/220,130 | 2014-03-19 | ||
US14/220,130 US9125284B2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2014-03-19 | Automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015142408A1 true WO2015142408A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
Family
ID=52424118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2015/010246 WO2015142408A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-01-06 | An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3120429B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6717750B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102322725B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106463915B (en) |
SG (1) | SG11201607255RA (en) |
TW (1) | TWI652869B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015142408A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9642232B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2017-05-02 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon based ion emitter assembly |
WO2018098421A1 (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-05-31 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7010968B2 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2022-02-10 | シャープ株式会社 | Ion generator and air conditioner |
KR102346822B1 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2022-01-04 | (주)선재하이테크 | Ionizer |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003049509A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Air ionizer and method |
US20050116167A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Tomomi Izaki | Ionizer and discharge electrode assembly to be assembled therein |
US20120200982A1 (en) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Micropulse bipolar corona ionizer and method |
US20120224293A1 (en) * | 2007-03-17 | 2012-09-06 | Leslie Partridge | Multi pulse linear ionizer |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3407475B2 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 2003-05-19 | ヒューグルエレクトロニクス株式会社 | AC ionizer |
US7813102B2 (en) * | 2007-03-17 | 2010-10-12 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Prevention of emitter contamination with electronic waveforms |
US8009405B2 (en) * | 2007-03-17 | 2011-08-30 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Low maintenance AC gas flow driven static neutralizer and method |
JP2011238575A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-24 | Okabe Mica Co Ltd | Power supply device of surface creepage discharge type ion generating device |
JP6567828B2 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2019-08-28 | イリノイ トゥール ワークス インコーポレイティド | Multi-pulse linear ionizer |
-
2015
- 2015-01-05 TW TW104100100A patent/TWI652869B/en active
- 2015-01-06 KR KR1020167026399A patent/KR102322725B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-01-06 EP EP15701435.8A patent/EP3120429B1/en active Active
- 2015-01-06 CN CN201580025125.2A patent/CN106463915B/en active Active
- 2015-01-06 SG SG11201607255RA patent/SG11201607255RA/en unknown
- 2015-01-06 WO PCT/US2015/010246 patent/WO2015142408A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-01-06 JP JP2016558145A patent/JP6717750B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003049509A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Air ionizer and method |
US20050116167A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Tomomi Izaki | Ionizer and discharge electrode assembly to be assembled therein |
US20120224293A1 (en) * | 2007-03-17 | 2012-09-06 | Leslie Partridge | Multi pulse linear ionizer |
US20120200982A1 (en) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Micropulse bipolar corona ionizer and method |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9642232B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2017-05-02 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon based ion emitter assembly |
US10136507B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2018-11-20 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon based ion emitter assembly |
WO2018098421A1 (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-05-31 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower |
CN109983642A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-07-05 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | Balance the control system of micropulse ionization blower |
EP3545592B1 (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2021-08-25 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower |
CN109983642B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2021-11-26 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | Control system for balancing micro-pulse ionization fan |
JP7127025B2 (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2022-08-29 | イリノイ トゥール ワークス インコーポレイティド | Control system for a balanced micropulse ionizing blower |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201537851A (en) | 2015-10-01 |
SG11201607255RA (en) | 2016-10-28 |
CN106463915B (en) | 2019-09-06 |
CN106463915A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
EP3120429A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
JP6717750B2 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
KR20160134699A (en) | 2016-11-23 |
TWI652869B (en) | 2019-03-01 |
KR102322725B1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
JP2017509124A (en) | 2017-03-30 |
EP3120429B1 (en) | 2022-09-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9510431B2 (en) | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower | |
US9918374B2 (en) | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower | |
EP3120429B1 (en) | An automatically balanced micro-pulsed ionizing blower | |
US9588161B2 (en) | Ionization balance device with shielded capacitor circuit for ion balance measurements and adjustments | |
EP1067828B1 (en) | Instantaneous balance control scheme for ionizer | |
US8009405B2 (en) | Low maintenance AC gas flow driven static neutralizer and method | |
US5017876A (en) | Corona current monitoring apparatus and circuitry for A.C. air ionizers including capacitive current elimination | |
US7177133B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for bipolar ion generation | |
EP3545592B1 (en) | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower | |
JPH0744079B2 (en) | Air ionization adjusting method and device | |
JP2005100870A (en) | Method of controlling amount of ion generation, and ionizer | |
US7729101B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling ionizing blowers | |
KR102425984B1 (en) | Active ionization control with closed loop feedback and interleaved sampling |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15701435 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015701435 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015701435 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016558145 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20167026399 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |