WO2015142041A1

WO2015142041A1 - Granular solid fuel burner and boiler using same

Info

Publication number: WO2015142041A1
Application number: PCT/KR2015/002594
Authority: WO
Inventors: 최문갑
Original assignee: 최문갑
Priority date: 2014-03-18
Filing date: 2015-03-17
Publication date: 2015-09-24
Also published as: KR101428438B1; KR20140043773A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a granular solid fuel burner and a boiler using the same. A combustion chamber (21) of which the upper part is open so as to be connected to a fuel storage container (10) has a square box shape and is made from a heat-resistant material so as to resist heat generated when granular solid fuel is combusted, an exhaust port (22) is formed at the front side of the combustion chamber (21) to be connected with a tertiary combustion space (101) and a heat exchange chamber (40), and an intake port (23) is formed at the rear side of the combustion chamber (21) so as to supply air. A grate (30) is provided at an air passage between the exhaust port (22) and the intake port (23) such that the granular solid fuel (11) supplied from the fuel storage container (10) is combusted while being supported, thereby simplifying the configuration thereof so as to facilitate an assembly process. In addition, the grate having a triangular prism shape is formed such that the granular solid fuel is combusted and easily moved from a primary combustion space to a secondary combustion space formed by a semicylinder-shaped partition part, and the granular solid fuel is supplied by the weight thereof on the grate, thereby structurally preventing the fuel from being clogged. The air passage having an incline of 15-25 degrees is formed in the primary combustion space by the grate, so as to generate a flow of the air from the air intake port toward the exhaust port by static pressure of a blower such that ash generated from the primary and secondary combustion spaces arrives at the exhaust port forming the high-temperature tertiary combustion space and is discharged after being converted into exhaust gas by complete combustion, thereby resolving the problem of a decrease in combustion efficiency due to the ash accumulated in the combustion chambers without using a mechanical device.

Description

Granular solid fuel burner and boiler using the same

The present invention relates to a granular solid fuel burner and a boiler using the same, and more particularly to forming a primary combustion space in the air passage by installing a grate between the inlet and exhaust ports of the burner combustion chamber so that the granular solid fuel burns in the air passage. The present invention relates to a granular solid fuel burner and a boiler using the same, wherein the combustion chamber is formed into first, second, and third combustion spaces to increase the combustion efficiency and enable complete combustion of the granular solid fuel by primary, secondary and tertiary combustion. will be.

Currently used boilers have various structures from industrial boilers to domestic boilers. In boilers according to the prior art, oils and gases such as light oil, kerosene, and gasoline are used as main fuels, and boilers having a structure corresponding thereto are used.

In conventional boiler burners, fossil fuels such as gas, petroleum, and coal are used as combustion fuels of boiler burners. Therefore, the developed country currently confronts the trend of developing eco-friendly and recyclable energy sources to save natural resources, especially in developed countries. There is a problem.

When wood chips or pellets are used as a fuel to solve this problem, these wood pellets are inexpensive and relatively powerful compared to fluid fuels (liquid fuel such as liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas and liquid fuel such as diesel and gasoline). Long-lasting wood pallets are used as a fuel to solve heating in vinyl greenhouses, etc. In addition, they are preferred as heating means to replace liquid fuel stoves in factories and construction sites.

However, the previous wood pallet stove has been inconvenient to periodically inject the wood pallet directly after a certain time after supplying and burning the wood pallet, the air supplied to the combustion chamber is only in the lower part of the stove body, etc. It is supplied to the wood pallet indirect air supply is made because there is a problem that the heating efficiency is lower than the fuel consumption due to the low combustion efficiency.

As such, a representative example of a granular solid fuel burner according to the prior art is Pallet combustion of a combustion chamber in which wood pellets made by grinding wood into small particles, such as sawdust, are provided in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0039369. A wood pallet stove is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 1A, which greatly improves efficiency, thereby reducing fuel consumption and increasing heating function.

1a a longitudinal sectional view showing a wood pallet stove according to the prior art is shown.

Wood pallet stove according to the prior art made of a tubular body and the exhaust body 1 is formed with an exhaust port 1 on one side; A pallet supply means (2) for continuously supplying wood pellets to the combustion chamber (3) as required in the pallet storage container (2a) provided on the side wall of the stove body (1); A flame spreading plate (4) installed in the combustion chamber (3) of the stove body (1) so as to diffuse flames in the direction of the stove body (1); A fire grate 6 having a combustion space portion 5 directly below the center of the flame spreader plate 4 and having a concave hemispherical shape installed in the combustion space portion 5; It is characterized in that it consists of air supply means (7) which is supplied to the air is turned from the main wall of the combustion space (5) and the air is supplied directly above the center lower portion of the grate (6).

The wood pellet stove according to the prior art uses a pallet feeding means which continuously feeds the required amount into the combustion chamber by the feed supply from the wood pallet storage container provided on the side wall of the stove body so that combustion occurs. In the coal fired boiler of FIG. 1B, there is still a problem in that the structure is complicated by the addition of a pallet feeding means.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to simplify and compact the combustion chamber, to manufacture the combustion chamber as a refractory block, and to form the combustion chamber as the first, second and third combustion spaces by using an air-cooled high-efficiency grate, to form the granular solid fuel in the primary, secondary and tertiary combustion. It is to provide a granular solid fuel burner and a boiler using the same to increase the combustion efficiency and to enable complete combustion.

Another object of the present invention is to install a grate between the inlet and exhaust ports of the burner combustion chamber and to install a fuel reservoir on the grate to continuously supply fuel to the first combustion space and to form a primary combustion space in the air passage so that the granular solid fuel It is to provide a granular solid fuel burner and a boiler using the same to allow the combustion in the air passage to minimize the amount of ash remaining after combustion in the combustion chamber to solve the cleaning problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention includes a combustion chamber connected to a fuel reservoir and made of a heat resistant material to withstand the heat generated while the granular solid fuel is burned; An exhaust port formed on the front surface of the combustion chamber and connected to the heat exchange chamber and made of a heat resistant material; An intake port formed at a rear surface of the combustion chamber to supply air; It is characterized in that it comprises a grate installed in the air passage between the exhaust port and the inlet port to burn while supporting the granular solid fuel supplied from the fuel reservoir.

According to a preferred feature of the present invention, a grate support bottom is formed in the middle of the inner left and right sides so that the grate can be placed and supported in the combustion chamber, and in the center the rectangular shape of the inclined left and right sides corresponding to the bottom of the grate The material hole is formed so that the ash or incompletely burned solid fuel generated by the combustion of the granular solid fuel is dropped on the upper surface of the partition installed in the combustion chamber to be secondaryly burned.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the grate has a triangular pillar shape in which the width of the front triangle is larger than the width of the rear triangle, and a plurality of slits are formed on the left and right sides, and the interval d1 is a granular solid fuel that falls between the slits. It is characterized by consisting of a smaller size than the granular solid fuel so as not to go out.

According to a more preferred feature of the invention, the inner angle θ1 of the vertex of the front triangle is 60 to 90 °, the angle θ2 of the bottom surface of the side formed by the side of the front triangle and the rear triangle with the horizontal line is 10 to 15 ° It is done.

According to a more preferable feature of the present invention, the grate is formed in the air passage between the exhaust port and the intake port is formed in a right triangle or an acute triangle that the left and right sides are circumscribed to the circle of the exhaust port when viewed from the front of the exhaust port is a combustion efficiency It is characterized by being configured to be high.

Boiler using a granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention is a fuel storage passage for storing granular solid fuel; A burner for generating heat by burning granular solid fuel supplied from the fuel reservoir; A grate installed in the combustion chamber of the burner to allow the granular solid fuel supplied from the fuel reservoir to be combusted in the combustion chamber and to pass the remaining ash to the bottom; A heat exchange chamber in which a plurality of heat exchange pipes are installed to exchange heat from the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber and heat; A blower installed at an inlet of the heat exchange chamber; A water supply pump for supplying water to the hot water heating tank; The hot water heated in the hot water heating tank is characterized in that it comprises a hot water circulation valve for circulating to the external hot water storage tank when a predetermined temperature.

According to the granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention as described above, the assembling process is easier by simplifying the configuration, and also the granular solid fuel is burned so as to move easily from the primary combustion space to the secondary combustion space between the inlet and exhaust ports. The air passage is covered with a 60-90 ° triangular-shaped grate and the granular solid fuel is supplied on the grate to structurally prevent fuel clogging, and the slope is 10-15 degrees by the grate in the primary combustion space. By forming an air passage having the air flow from the air inlet side to the exhaust port by the positive pressure of the blower to generate the ash generated in the primary and secondary combustion space to reach the exhaust port to form a high-temperature third combustion space, complete combustion By making exhaust gas by exhaust gas, the ash accumulates in the combustion chamber and the combustion efficiency is reduced. Makes this possible.

1a and 1b is a longitudinal sectional view showing a wood pallet stove according to the prior art,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of a boiler to which a granular solid fuel burner of the present invention is applied;

Figure 3a is a perspective view showing the configuration of a granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention,

Figure 3b is a perspective view of an embodiment of a grate installed in the combustion chamber of the granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention,

4a and 4b is a side view of the grate according to the present invention and a front view of the grate installed in the discharge port of the combustion chamber,

5 is an embodiment showing a state in which a ignition device is installed in the combustion chamber of the granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to explain in detail enough to enable those skilled in the art to easily carry out the present invention. This does not mean that the technical spirit and scope of the present invention are limited.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of a boiler to which a granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention is applied.

Boiler 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a fuel reservoir 10 for storing granular solid fuel 11, such as pellets; A burner 20 for generating heat by burning granular solid fuel 11 such as pellets supplied from the fuel reservoir 10; A grate installed in the combustion chamber 21 of the burner 20 to allow granular solid fuel 11 such as pellets supplied from the fuel reservoir 10 to be combusted in the combustion chamber 21 and to pass the remaining ash to the lower part ( 30); A semi-cylindrical partition portion 21c installed on the bottom of the grate to communicate with the exhaust port to have a size equal to the diameter of the grate so as to form a second combustion space; A heat exchange chamber (40) provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipes (41, 42) for exchanging heat from the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber (21) and the third combustion space by heat; A blower (50) installed at an inlet of the heat exchange chamber (40); A hot water heating tank 70 installed outside the heat exchange chamber 40 to heat water to receive water; A water supply pump 60 for supplying water to the hot water heating tank 70; It comprises a hot water circulation valve 80 for circulating the hot water heated in the hot water heating tank 70 to an external hot water storage tank (not shown) when a predetermined temperature.

Reference numeral "45", which is not described herein, refers to a "receiving ash" which receives ash falling from the heat exchange chamber 40, and "81" detects the hot water temperature of the hot water heating tank 70 and the hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank ( It is a "hot water circulation valve" which circulates (not shown).

The fuel reservoir 10 according to the present invention stores granular solid fuel such as sawdust, peat, pellets, and supplies granular solid fuel such as sawdust, peat, pellets to the combustion chamber 21 of the burner 20, and granules. In order to prevent air from being supplied to the combustion chamber 21 during the supply of the phase solid fuel, a storage container having a sealed or closed cover is used.

In this embodiment, the fuel reservoir 10 is installed on the combustion chamber 21 to supply granular solid fuel 11 such as sawdust, peat, pellets, etc. to the first combustion space, and to prevent backfire of the supplied fuel. Flashback prevention device 13 may be installed. The fuel reservoir 10 may be installed at a distance from the combustion chamber 21 and supplied to another fuel supply means such as a screw conveyor, but should be sealed to prevent air from being supplied from the outside.

In the heat exchange chamber 40, a plurality of first heat exchange pipes 41 and second heat exchange pipes 42 transverse to each other are installed to heat water from the heat discharged from the burner 20, where heat such as heating is required. The supply and the lower back 45 is installed to receive the ash falling from the heat exchange chamber 40 to be discarded to the outside.

On the upper left side of the hot water heating tank 70, a hot water circulation valve 80 and a temperature sensor switch 81 are installed to detect the hot water temperature of the hot water heating tank 70 by the temperature sensor switch 81, and if the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature. The circulation valve 80 is opened so that hot water of the hot water heating tank 70 is supplied to the hot water storage tank (not shown).

3A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view of an embodiment of a grate and a semi-cylindrical partition installed in the combustion chamber of the granular solid fuel burner according to the present invention. 4A and 4B show a side view of the grate according to the present invention and a front view of the grate installed at the discharge port of the combustion chamber, and a semi-cylindrical partition having the same diameter as the exhaust port on the bottom of the grate is shown in FIG. An embodiment showing a state in which a ignition device is installed in a combustion chamber of a granular solid fuel burner according to the invention is shown.

The granular solid fuel burner 20 according to the present invention has a combustion chamber 21 made of a heat-resistant material so as to be open at the top thereof, connected to the fuel reservoir 10, and a rectangular box shape, and capable of withstanding heat generated while the granular solid fuel is burned. )and; An exhaust port manufactured to communicate with front surfaces of the first and second combustion spaces of the combustion chamber 21; The box-type third combustion, which is in communication with the exhaust port, can reburn the incompletely burned fuel in the first and second combustion spaces, and is in communication with the heat exchange chamber 40 to facilitate the third combustion. The space 101 is provided. An exhaust port 22 made of a heat resistant material; An inlet port 23 formed at a rear surface of the combustion chamber 21 to supply air; Is installed in the air passage between the exhaust port 22 and the inlet port 23 is installed on the bottom of the grate 30 and the grate to support the granular solid fuel 11 supplied from the fuel reservoir 10 to be burned It is comprised including the cylindrical partition 21c.

The combustion chamber 21 and the third combustion space 101 including the first combustion space and the second combustion space are formed in a rectangular box shape, but do not necessarily have a rectangular box shape, but are granular shapes supplied from the fuel reservoir 10. As long as it is the shape which can burn a solid fuel, the shape of a cylinder, a polygonal column, etc. can also be used.

The upper part of the combustion chamber 21 is opened to be connected to the fuel reservoir 10 so that the granular solid fuel stored in the fuel reservoir 10 is supplied to be filled on the grate 30 and the heat and smoke generated while burning the exhaust port 22. Through the third combustion space and the heat exchange chamber 40 is discharged.

In the combustion chamber 21, an ignition device 24 such as an electric heater that applies heat by electricity to ignite the initial granular solid fuel may be installed at the rear of the combustion chamber 21.

The combustion chamber 21 generates heat at a high temperature, for example, 1400-1500 ° C. as the granular solid fuel is burned, so that a fire resistant tile or a fire block of a heat-resistant material is attached to the inner surface to generate a high temperature when the granular solid fuel is burned. Make it bearable.

The grate support bottom 21a is horizontally formed in the middle of the inner left and right sides so that the grate 30 can be placed and supported in the combustion chamber 21, and the center corresponds to the bottom of the grate 30 having a triangular prism shape. The combustor hole 21b having a rectangular shape slanted at left and right sides is formed so that ash or incompletely combusted solid fuel, which is generated by burning the granular solid fuel, falls on the upper surface of the cylindrical section of the combustion chamber 21 and is burned secondarily. The secondary combustion space 21c is formed.

The grate 30 according to the present invention has a triangular pillar shape in which the width of the front triangle is larger than that of the rear triangle as shown in FIG. 3B, and a plurality of slits 31 of the interval d1 are formed on the left and right sides, and the interval d1 is In order to prevent the granular isolated solid fuel from slipping between the slits 31, for example, when the granular solid fuel is a pellet, it may be composed of 4 mm corresponding to two thirds of the 6 mm pellets, which is smaller than a pellet of approximately 6 mm. .

The front triangle (triangle on the exhaust vent 22 side) of the grate 30 is the height H1, the height of the rear triangle (triangle on the intake vent 23 side) is H2, and the height H2 of the rear triangle is about 78% of the height H1 of the front triangle. Is produced.

The angle θ1 of the vertex of the front triangle is, for example, 60 to 90 °, and the angle θ2 of the bottom surface of the side formed by the sides of the front triangle and the rear triangle to the horizontal line is, for example, 10 to 15 °.

As θ2 is 10 ° as shown in FIG. 4A, since tan ⁻¹ (θ2 = 20 °) = (H1-H2) /L1=0.1763, H1-H2 ≒ L1 × 0.18, and the height H1 of the front triangle is the rear side. It is formed by L1 (length before and after the combustion chamber) x 0.18 longer than the height H2 of a triangle.

When viewed from the front of the exhaust port 22, the grate 30 is a right triangle whose left and right sides are circumscribed to the circle of the exhaust port 22, as shown in FIG. 4B, but may also be formed as an acute triangle of 60 to 90 degrees. Although it is possible, the efficiency is lower than that of the right triangle, and in the case of the right triangle, the area of the grate 300 is about 1.7 times wider than the grate 300 formed horizontally in diameter, thereby increasing the contact area of air by 1.7 times.

Therefore, the grate 30 according to the present invention can increase the air contact area by up to 1.7 compared to the flat grate 300, so that the combustion efficiency can be increased 1.7 times than the flat grate 300.

In addition, when the grate 30 is formed in the same shape as the circle of the exhaust port 22, the combustion efficiency may be increased by approximately 1.57 times than that of the flat grate 300 corresponding to the diameter of the circle of the exhaust port 22.

Air passing through the exhaust port 22 and the air intake port 23 by exposing the granular solid fuel 11 to the air passage formed by the exhaust port 22 and the air intake port 23 by the grate 30 according to the present invention. And granular solid fuel are brought into contact with each other to form a first combustion space.

The first combustion space formed by the grate 30 prepares the combustion by transmitting conductive heat and radiant heat to the surrounding fuel accumulated on the grate 30 while the solid fuel is first combusted by contact with air, that is, firing point. To reach ignition on contact with air.

Even though conduction heat and radiant heat are transferred to the granular solid fuel 11 stacked on the grate 30, the heated fuel reservoir 10 is closed because the top surface thereof is not supplied with air, thus maintaining a heated state and contacting the grate 30. The granular solid fuel 11 is burned by receiving air.

Therefore, in the first combustion space formed by the grate 30, the granular solid fuel 11 is reduced in size as it is combusted, and the granular solid fuel thus reduced is passed through the slit 31 of the grate 30 to the combustion chamber. It burns on the upper surface of the semi-cylindrical partition part provided in (21), and is combusted secondary.

Since the fuel reservoir 10 is closed at the top, the granular solid fuel 11 accumulated on the grate 30 is only heated by receiving conductive heat and radiant heat, but does not burn, but is heated during the first combustion on the grate 30. The fuel is moved to its first combustion space by its own weight, and the fuel that is first burned and moved to the second combustion space is reduced to a fine size as it is combusted, so that the third combustion space 101 is driven by the positive pressure of the blower 50. It is pushed out to the exhaust port 22 communicating with.

The accumulated heat discharged from the exhaust port 22 causes the three combustion spaces to rise to a higher temperature than the one and two combustion spaces by the grate 30 and at the same time the air supplied from the inlet 23 is driven by the grate 30. 1, 2 combustion space is supplied with extra air that is not used for combustion, and it is completely burned, so it can be completely burned without having to install secondary and tertiary air injection facilities to induce complete combustion. The ash tray 45 is installed to make it more convenient to clean the remaining ash ash.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, it is within the scope of the claims to cover one of the technical ideas making such changes.

[Description of the code]

10: fuel reservoir 11: granular solid fuel

13: Flashback Arrestor

20: burner 21: combustion chamber

22: exhaust port 23: intake port

24: ignition device 30: grate

31: slit 40: heat exchange chamber

41, 42: heat exchange pipe 45: ash tray

50: blower 60: feed water pump

70: hot water heating tank 80: hot water circulation valve

81: sensor switch 100: boiler

101. Third combustion space

Claims

It is made of a heat-resistant material to open the upper part to be connected to the fuel reservoir and to withstand the heat generated by the combustion of the granular solid fuel, and the first combustion space and the first combustion space above the grate to support the granular solid fuel supplied from the reservoir. A combustion chamber composed of a second combustion space in which the granular solid fuel, the size of which is reduced in combustion in one combustion space, falls through a slit formed in the grate, and falls into a semi-cylindrical partition installed on the bottom of the grate;

An exhaust port formed at a front surface of the combustion chamber and connected to a third combustion space and made of a heat resistant material;

An intake port formed at a rear surface of the combustion chamber to supply air;

A third combustion space communicating with the exhaust port and capable of tertiary combustion; It is composed

The fuel grate, which is installed in the air passage between the exhaust port and the intake port, has a triangular pillar shape in which the width of the front triangle is larger than that of the rear triangle, and a plurality of slits are formed on the left and right sides, and the interval d1 is a granular solid. Granular solid fuel burner, characterized in that the smaller size than the granular solid fuel so that the fuel does not escape between the slits.
It is made of a heat-resistant material to open the upper part to be connected to the fuel reservoir and to withstand the heat generated by the combustion of the granular solid fuel, and the first combustion space and the first combustion space above the grate to support the granular solid fuel supplied from the reservoir. A combustion chamber composed of a second combustion space in which the granular solid fuel, the size of which is reduced in combustion in one combustion space, falls through a slit formed in the grate, and falls into a semi-cylindrical partition installed on the bottom of the grate;

An exhaust port formed at a front surface of the combustion chamber and connected to a third combustion space and made of a heat resistant material;

An intake port formed at a rear surface of the combustion chamber to supply air;

A third combustion space communicating with the exhaust port and capable of tertiary combustion; It is composed

The grate and the semi-cylindrical partition are formed in the air passage between the exhaust port and the inlet port so as to increase the combustion efficiency by forming a right triangle or an acute triangle on the left and right sides of the exhaust port when viewed from the front of the exhaust port. Granular solid fuel burner, characterized in that.
The method of claim 1,

In order to prevent backfire after the granular solid fuel supplied from the fuel reservoir is supplied to the combustion chamber, a backfire prevention device is provided between the fuel reservoir and the combustion chamber; Granular solid fuel burner, characterized in that it further comprises.