WO2015139456A1 - 一种市电过零检测电路 - Google Patents
一种市电过零检测电路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015139456A1 WO2015139456A1 PCT/CN2014/089343 CN2014089343W WO2015139456A1 WO 2015139456 A1 WO2015139456 A1 WO 2015139456A1 CN 2014089343 W CN2014089343 W CN 2014089343W WO 2015139456 A1 WO2015139456 A1 WO 2015139456A1
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- mains
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/175—Indicating the instants of passage of current or voltage through a given value, e.g. passage through zero
Definitions
- the invention belongs to a power line carrier communication technology, and in particular relates to a utility zero-crossing detection circuit.
- Power line carrier communication technology is a technology for data communication through a mains supply line, which modulates data to a sine wave carrier that is different from the mains frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) and is usually greater than tens of KHz. on.
- mains frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz
- KHz. on tens of KHz.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mains zero-crossing detection circuit, which aims to solve the problem that the existing zero-crossing detection circuit is relatively complicated and greatly affected by voltage fluctuations.
- a mains zero-crossing detection circuit includes a pulse generation control module and an optocoupler device that accelerates a discharge process when a mains voltage is from a positive half cycle to a zero crossing;
- the pulse generation control module is first The end is connected to the live line of the mains, the second end of the pulse generation control module is connected to the neutral line of the mains, and the third end of the pulse generation control module is connected to the anode of the LED of the optocoupler device.
- a cathode of the light emitting diode in the optocoupler device is connected to a neutral line of a mains, wherein a collector of the phototransistor is connected to a low voltage direct current, and an emitter of the phototransistor in the optocoupler is grounded and The output of the zero-crossing pulse.
- the pulse generation control module includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, a NPN type transistor Q1, and an NPN type transistor Q2;
- the first end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the neutral line of the mains, the second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the live line of the mains through the resistor R1; the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the live line, and the emission of the transistor Q2
- the pole is connected to the neutral line, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the mains of the mains through the resistor R2 and the resistor R1; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the collector of the transistor Q1 passes through Resistor R1 is coupled to the live line, and the emitter of transistor Q1 is coupled to the anode of the light emitting diode in the optocoupler device.
- the pulse generation control module further includes a resistor R3 and a diode D1;
- the capacitor C1 is connected to the resistor R1 through the diode D1; the anode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the capacitor C1;
- the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the mains hot line through the resistor R3.
- the mains zero-crossing detection circuit further includes a diode D2, an anode of the diode D2 is connected to a neutral line, and a cathode of the diode D2 is connected to a base of the transistor Q2.
- the invention has the beneficial effects that the commercial zero-crossing detection circuit is simple and is not easily affected by the mains voltage or component parameters, and the detection accuracy can be within ten microseconds.
- FIG. 1 is a basic circuit diagram of a commercial zero-crossing detection circuit of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a model diagram of the mains zero-crossing detection circuit of the present invention when a computer performs simulation
- Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram when the simulation is performed in accordance with the model diagram of Fig. 2.
- a mains zero-crossing detection circuit includes a pulse generation control module 101 and an optocoupler device for accelerating a discharge process when a mains voltage is from a positive half cycle to a zero crossing.
- U1 the first end of the pulse generation control module 101 is connected to the live line of the mains (ie, the line labeled L in FIG. 1), and the second end of the pulse generation control module 101 is connected to the neutral line of the mains ( That is, the line labeled N in FIG. 1 is connected, and the third end of the pulse generation control module 101 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler device U1.
- the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler device U1 is connected to the neutral line of the mains, the collector of the phototransistor in the optocoupler U1 is connected to the low-voltage direct current, and the emitter of the phototransistor in the optocoupler U1 Grounded and used as the output of the zero-crossing pulse, that is, ZC_DTC in Figure 1 is the output of the zero-crossing pulse.
- the optocoupler U1 is used to isolate the live and neutral lines in the mains, while using a low voltage 5 volt signal processing system.
- the pulse generation control module 101 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, a NPN type transistor Q1, and an NPN type transistor Q2.
- the first end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the neutral line of the mains, and the second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the live line of the mains via the resistor R1.
- the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the live line, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the zero line, and the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the live line of the commercial power through the resistor R2 and the resistor R1.
- the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the live line through the resistor R1, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler device.
- the resistances of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are both large.
- the resistor R1 is 560 K ⁇
- the R2 is 30 K ⁇
- the capacitor C1 is 1 ⁇ F.
- the transistor Q2 When the mains is halfway, the transistor Q2 is turned on and is in a saturated state. Since the resistances of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are both large, the transistor Q1 is in the off state, the capacitor C1 starts to store energy, and the maximum voltage of the capacitor C1 is controlled by the resistor R1. Determined by the voltage division ratio of the resistor R2.
- the transistor Q2 When the mains voltage is from positive half cycle to zero crossing, the transistor Q2 is turned off, the transistor Q1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 is discharged through the transistor Q1. The sudden conduction of the transistor Q1 accelerates the discharge process, so that the capacitor C1 is quickly discharged.
- the current during discharge flows through the diode of the optocoupler U1 such that an instantaneous large current pulse is generated on the output side of the optocoupler U1.
- the pulse generation control module 101 further includes a resistor R3 and a diode D1.
- the capacitor C1 is connected to the resistor R1 through the diode D1.
- the anode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the capacitor C1.
- the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the mains hot line through the resistor R3. That is, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
- the resistance of the resistor R3 is 560 K ⁇ .
- the mains zero-crossing detection circuit further includes a diode D2 having an anode connected to the neutral line and a cathode of the diode D2 connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
- Fig. 3 is a waveform result obtained by computer simulation based on the model diagram of Fig. 2.
- the commercial zero-crossing detection circuit is simple, and the output pulse position is high in accuracy and the pulse is narrow. The accuracy is less affected by fluctuations in the mains voltage, and the mains voltage flow has almost no effect on the zero-crossing detection circuit in the range of 100V to 250V.
- the allowable component parameter error range can be large and can be changed within 50%.
- the current drawn from the mains is small, typically less than 0.5 mA.
- the commercial zero-crossing detection circuit will replace the zero-crossing detection circuit currently used in the power line carrier module.
Abstract
一种市电过零检测电路，包括在市电电压从正半周到过零点时使放电过程加快的脉冲产生控制模块（101）和光耦器件（U1），所述脉冲产生控制模块（101）的第一端与市电的火线相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块（101）的第二端与市电的零线相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块（101）的第三端与光耦器件（U1）中发光二极管的阳极相连接；所述光耦器件（U1）中发光二极管的阴极与市电的零线相连接，所述光耦器件（U1）中的光电三极管的集电极接低压直流电，所述光耦器件（U1）中的光电三极管的发射极接地且作为过零脉冲的输出端。所述的市电过零检测电路简单，且不易受市电电压或元器件参数的影响。
Description
本发明属于电力线载波通信技术，尤其涉及一种市电过零检测电路。
电力线载波通信技术是一种通过市电的供电线路来进行数据通信的技术，该技术为将数据调制到一个与市电频率（50Hz或60Hz）不同的通常为大于数十KHz以上的正弦波载波上。在电力线载波通信系统中为了达到较好的通信效果，需要检测市电过零点。现有的市电过零检测电路要么过于复杂，要么为其精度受元件参数及市电电压的变化有较大的影响。
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种市电过零检测电路，旨在解决现有的过零检测电路比较复杂和受电压波动影响较大的问题。
本发明是这样实现的，一种市电过零检测电路，包括在市电电压从正半周到过零点时使放电过程加快的脉冲产生控制模块和光耦器件；所述脉冲产生控制模块的第一端与市电的火线相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块的第二端与市电的零线相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块的第三端与光耦器件中发光二极管的阳极相连接脉冲产生控制模块；
所述光耦器件中发光二极管的阴极与市电的零线相连接，所述光耦器件中的光电三极管的集电极接低压直流电，所述光耦器件中的光电三极管的发射极接地且作为过零脉冲的输出端。
进一步地，所述脉冲产生控制模块包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电容C1、NPN型的三极管Q1和NPN型的三极管Q2；
所述电容C1的第一端连接市电的零线，所述电容C1的第二端通过电阻R1连接市电的火线；所述三极管Q2的基极连接所述火线，所述三极管Q2的发射极连接零线，所述三极管Q2的集电极通过电阻R2、电阻R1连接市电的火线；所述三极管Q1的基极连接所述三极管Q2的集电极，所述三极管Q1的集电极通过所述电阻R1连接到火线上，所述三极管Q1的发射极连接所述光耦器件中发光二极管的阳极。
进一步地，所述脉冲产生控制模块还包括电阻R3和二极管D1；
所述电容C1通过所述二极管D1与电阻R1连接；所述二极管D1的阳极连接所述电阻R1的一端，所述二极管D1阴极连接所述电容C1的正极；
所述三极管Q2的基极通过所述电阻R3连接至市电的火线。
进一步地，所述市电过零检测电路还包括二极管D2，所述二极管D2的阳极连接零线，所述二极管D2的阴极连接所述三极管Q2的基极。
本发明与现有技术相比，有益效果在于：所述的市电过零检测电路简单，且不易受市电电压或元器件参数的影响，检测精度能在十微秒以内。
图1是本发明市电过零检测电路的基本电路图；
图2是本发明市电过零检测电路在计算机进行模拟时的模型图；
图3是按图2中的模型图进行模拟时的波形图。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1所示，为本发明一较佳的实施例，一种市电过零检测电路，包括在市电电压从正半周到过零点时使放电过程加快的脉冲产生控制模块101和光耦器件U1，所述脉冲产生控制模块101的第一端与市电的火线（即图1中标注为L的线）相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块101的第二端与市电的零线（即图1中标注为N的线）相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块101的第三端与光耦器件U1中发光二极管的阳极相连接。所述光耦器件U1中发光二极管的阴极与市电的零线相连接，所述光耦器件U1中的光电三极管的集电极接低压直流电，所述光耦器件U1中的光电三极管的发射极接地且作为过零脉冲的输出端，即图1中的ZC_DTC为过零脉冲的输出端。光耦器件U1用于隔离市电中的火线与零线，同时使用低压5伏的信号处理系统。
所述脉冲产生控制模块101包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电容C1、NPN型的三极管Q1和NPN型的三极管Q2。电容C1的第一端连接市电的零线，电容C1的第二端通过电阻R1连接在市电的火线上。三极管Q2的基极连接所述火线，三极管Q2的发射极连接在零线上，三极管Q2的集电极通过电阻R2、电阻R1连接在市电的火线上。三极管Q1的基极连接三极管Q2的集电极，三极管Q1的集电极通过所述电阻R1连接到火线上，所述三极管Q1的发射极连接所述光耦器件中发光二极管的阳极。电阻R1和电阻R2的阻值都较大，优选的，电阻R1为560KΩ，R2为30KΩ，电容C1为1μF。
市电正半周时，三极管Q2导通并处于饱和状态，由于电阻R1和电阻R2的阻值都较大，此时三极管Q1处于截止状态，电容C1开始储能，电容C1的最大电压由电阻R1与电阻R2的分压比决定。市电电压从正半周到过零点时，三极管Q2截止，使三极管Q1导通，电容C1通过三极管Q1放电，由于三极管Q1的突然导通使放电过程加快，从而使电容C1迅速放电完毕。放电过程中的电流流过光耦器件U1的二极管，使得光耦器件U1输出侧产生瞬间大电流脉冲。电容C1的值越小，输出脉冲越窄。元器件的参数变化50%时也不会影响该市电过零检测电路的精度。所述的市电过零检测电路的精度要求能达到过零周期的1%，而现有的简单电路方案通常只能达到10%。
与上述各个实施例相结合，所述脉冲产生控制模块101还包括电阻R3和二极管D1。所述电容C1通过所述二极管D1与电阻R1连接。所述二极管D1的阳极连接所述电阻R1的一端，所述二极管D1的阴极连接所述电容C1的正极。所述三极管Q2的基极通过所述电阻R3连接至市电的火线。即所述电阻R3的一端连接所述电阻R1的另一端，所述电阻R3的另一端连接所述三极管Q2的基极。优选的，电阻R3的阻值为560KΩ。
与上述各个实施例相结合，所述市电过零检测电路还包括二极管D2，所述二极管D2的阳极连接零线，所述二极管D2的阴极连接所述三极管Q2的基极。
图2为采用本发明的市电过零检测电路在计算机上进行模拟的模型图，其中电阻R4 和电阻R5
是为了在同一表内显示模拟结果电压值而建立的参考点，与实际应用无关。图3为根据图2中的模型图由计算机进行模拟得出的波形结果。
所述的市电过零检测电路简单，输出脉冲位置精度高且脉冲窄。精度受市电电压的波动影响小，市电电压流动在100V至250V的范围内对该过零检测电路几乎没有影响。容许的元器件参数误差范围可以较大，可以在50%的范围内进行变动。从市电汲取的电流小，一般小于0.5毫安。所述的市电过零检测电路将取代目前用在电力线载波模块中的过零检测电路。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
- 一种市电过零检测电路，其特征在于，包括在市电电压从正半周到过零点时使放电过程加快的脉冲产生控制模块和光耦器件；所述脉冲产生控制模块的第一端与市电的火线相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块的第二端与市电的零线相连接，所述脉冲产生控制模块的第三端与光耦器件中发光二极管的阳极相连接脉冲产生控制模块；所述光耦器件中发光二极管的阴极与市电的零线相连接，所述光耦器件中的光电三极管的集电极接低压直流电，所述光耦器件中的光电三极管的发射极接地且作为过零脉冲的输出端。
- 根据权利要求1所述的市电过零检测电路，其特征在于，所述脉冲产生控制模块包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电容C1、NPN型的三极管Q1和NPN型的三极管Q2；所述电容C1的第一端连接市电的零线，所述电容C1的第二端通过电阻R1连接市电的火线；所述三极管Q2的基极连接所述火线，所述三极管Q2的发射极连接零线，所述三极管Q2的集电极通过电阻R2、电阻R1连接市电的火线；所述三极管Q1的基极连接所述三极管Q2的集电极，所述三极管Q1的集电极通过所述电阻R1连接到火线上，所述三极管Q1的发射极连接所述光耦器件中发光二极管的阳极。
- 根据权利要求2所述的市电过零检测电路，其特征在于，所述脉冲产生控制模块还包括电阻R3和二极管D1；所述电容C1通过所述二极管D1与电阻R1连接；所述二极管D1的阳极连接所述电阻R1的一端，所述二极管D1阴极连接所述电容C1的正极；所述三极管Q2的基极通过所述电阻R3连接至市电的火线。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的市电过零检测电路，其特征在于，所述市电过零检测电路还包括二极管D2，所述二极管D2的阳极连接零线，所述二极管D2的阴极连接所述三极管Q2的基极。
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| CN201420122786.XU CN203759106U (zh) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | 一种市电过零检测电路 |
| CN201420122786.X | 2014-03-18 |
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| CN108169546A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 上海盐巴信息科技有限公司 | 一种交流电的过零检测系统及具有该系统的电子设备 |
| CN113589194A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 上海钛昕电气科技有限公司 | 一种黏连检测和短路检测电路及其控制方法 |
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| CN203759106U (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-08-06 | 瑞斯康微电子（深圳）有限公司 | 一种市电过零检测电路 |
| CN107656132B (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2021-07-13 | 漳州科能电器有限公司 | 电力载波模块的交流电压过零点检测的矫正方法 |
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| CN203759106U (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-08-06 | 瑞斯康微电子（深圳）有限公司 | 一种市电过零检测电路 |
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- 2014-03-18 CN CN201420122786.XU patent/CN203759106U/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-10-23 WO PCT/CN2014/089343 patent/WO2015139456A1/zh active Application Filing
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| US3693027A (en) * | 1971-09-30 | 1972-09-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Zero crossing detector |
| CN101059554A (zh) * | 2007-04-28 | 2007-10-24 | 何毓宁 | 特定激励频率的蓄电池内阻四线测量方法及信号源装置 |
| CN102215035A (zh) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-10-12 | 青岛鼎信通讯有限公司 | 一种结合低压电力线载波通信信号耦合的交流市电隔离过零检测电路 |
| CN102508014A (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-20 | 上海翊昊微电子有限公司 | 电力线载波通信过零检测系统及方法 |
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| CN203759106U (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-08-06 | 瑞斯康微电子（深圳）有限公司 | 一种市电过零检测电路 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108169546A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 上海盐巴信息科技有限公司 | 一种交流电的过零检测系统及具有该系统的电子设备 |
| CN108169546B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-03-19 | 上海盐巴信息科技有限公司 | 一种交流电的过零检测系统及具有该系统的电子设备 |
| CN113589194A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 上海钛昕电气科技有限公司 | 一种黏连检测和短路检测电路及其控制方法 |
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| CN203759106U (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
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