WO2015135224A1 - 一种ecm电机及其应用的hvac系统 - Google Patents

一种ecm电机及其应用的hvac系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015135224A1
WO2015135224A1 PCT/CN2014/073824 CN2014073824W WO2015135224A1 WO 2015135224 A1 WO2015135224 A1 WO 2015135224A1 CN 2014073824 W CN2014073824 W CN 2014073824W WO 2015135224 A1 WO2015135224 A1 WO 2015135224A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
delay
motor
microprocessor
signal
gear
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PCT/CN2014/073824
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡戈
张政
赵勇
Original Assignee
中山大洋电机股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015135224A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015135224A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/06Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices
    • H02K29/08Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices using magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-plates, magneto-resistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ECM motor and an HVAC system for use thereof.
  • the motor in the traditional domestic central air conditioner generally adopts single-phase AC motor PSC, single-phase AC motor, low efficiency, relatively energy consumption and loud noise.
  • the degree of control intelligence is low.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the characteristics of high environmental protection, high reliability and controllability, low noise, and easy realization of intelligence, which can solve the shortage of one-way AC motor. Therefore, the existing single central air conditioner has a single The AC motor is gradually replaced by a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the ECM motor can directly replace the original PSC motor without changing the circuit structure of the original application system of the PSC motor (such as the HVAC air conditioning control system), and the installation and commissioning is simple, and the development cost is reduced. That is, the ECM motor is directly connected to the HVAC system controller in accordance with the wiring mode of the PSC motor. This connection is undoubtedly the most concise and quickest, but there are still the following problems:
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an ECM motor, which is programmed by software to establish a delay schedule corresponding to several gear positions, and solves the problem of delay action of the ECM motor in the HVAC system, which is flexible and convenient.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an HVAC system.
  • the HVAC system replaces the original PSC fan motor with an ECM motor and directly controls the output signal of the thermostat to control the ECM motor without changing the speed control panel of the customer to redevelop the indoor fan.
  • the HVAC system controller has a simple structure and convenient wiring.
  • An ECM motor includes a motor and a motor controller.
  • the motor controller includes a control box and a control circuit board installed in the control box.
  • the control circuit board is integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit,
  • the gear position detecting circuit, the memory and the power supply part the power part is connected to the external AC power input, the output part of the power part is supplying power to each part of the circuit, the gear position detecting circuit is connected to a plurality of gear position input lines, and the gear input line can be only one way. Multiple paths can be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining paths are selected to be in the off state without power.
  • the gear position detecting circuit includes several current sensing units, and each gear input line is respectively connected to a current sensing unit.
  • the output end of the current sensing unit is connected to the input end of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor selects the operating parameter of the motor according to the detected power-on status signal of each line position input line, and controls the motor to operate according to the selected operating parameter.
  • the current sensing unit detects the low voltage AC signal of the input lines of the plurality of gear positions, and is characterized in that: when the microprocessor receives the low voltage AC starting signal of the input line of a certain gear position, the microprocessor delays the starting time of a period of time tl Only start the motor. When the input line of the road is changed from 2 low-voltage AC to 0V stop signal, the microprocessor should delay. The motor is shut down for a period of time t2, and the start delay time t1 and the shutdown delay time t2 are stored in the memory.
  • All of the above gear input lines have a start delay time t1 and a turn off delay time t2.
  • the above memory stores a plurality of delay schedules, and each delay schedule corresponds to setting a start delay time t1 and a shutdown delay time t2 for all gear input lines, and the microprocessor selects according to some preset mechanism.
  • a delay schedule is used to control motor operation, and the currently selected delay schedule can be modified by delay learning or serial communication.
  • the microprocessor described above selects a delay schedule to operate the motor according to a signal obtained by a jumper mode or a dial mode.
  • the microprocessor described above has a delay learning mode, and the microprocessor passes the detection thermostat
  • THERMOSTAT sends a cooling, heating or continuous fan signal, and detects the time when the HVAC system power signal is turned on or off to obtain the start delay time tl and the shutdown delay time t2, and automatically store the selected delay. Inside the timetable.
  • the microprocessor described above is also connected to a serial communication unit, the microprocessor establishes a communication connection externally through the serial communication unit, and forms a serial communication port, and the user can rewrite the selected delay by using the serial communication port. schedule.
  • the power supply portion described above includes a voltage double conversion device, which is inserted through a power supply setting port
  • the terminal turns on or off the double voltage conversion device, so that the voltage double conversion device is in a double voltage or double voltage operation state, and the microprocessor selects the delay time according to the operating state of the power supply portion at one time voltage or two times voltage. Table to run the motor.
  • the microprocessor is further connected with a first delayed learning function line SF and a second delayed learning function line H, and the first delayed learning function line SF and the second delayed learning function line H are connected to the micro by A/D conversion.
  • the processor in the delay learning mode, sequentially inputs or disconnects the switch signal to the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H by manual setting, and the microprocessor detects the first delay learning by detecting
  • the time difference between the function line SF and the switching signal of the second delay learning function line H is used to obtain a start delay time t1 and a turn-off delay time t2 for each gear input line.
  • the above-mentioned switching signal may be a 24V AC signal output by the thermostat THERMOSTAT or a power signal of the HVAC system.
  • the above microprocessor is also connected with a ring current sensor and an air temperature sensor.
  • the ring current sensor passes the analog to digital conversion and is connected to the microprocessor to provide monitoring to the motor controller.
  • the function of starting and stopping the induced draft fan is to install an air temperature sensor at the air outlet of the gas furnace.
  • the air temperature sensor turns on the microprocessor after analog-to-digital conversion, and provides the motor controller with the function of monitoring the temperature of the air outlet.
  • the HVAC system replaces an original PSC fan motor with an ECM motor, and the HVAC system includes a thermostat THERM0STAT, an HVAC system controller, wherein:
  • the ECM motor includes a motor controller and a motor, and the motor controller drives the motor to operate.
  • the motor controller includes a control box and a control circuit board installed in the control box, and the microprocessor is integrated on the control circuit board.
  • the variable circuit, the gear position detecting circuit, the memory and the power supply part, the power part is connected to the external AC power input, the output part of the power part is supplying power to each part of the circuit, and the gear position detecting circuit is connected to the plurality of gear position input lines;
  • the thermostat THERMOSTAT has two 24V AC power input terminals (R, C), at least one cooling signal output port and at least one heating signal output port and a continuous fan mode signal output port G, wherein the cooling signal output port and system
  • the thermal signal output port can output 24V AC signal, continuous
  • the fan mode signal output port G can output a 24V AC signal
  • the thermostat THERMOSTAT connects the heating signal output port, the cooling signal output port and the continuous fan output port to the signal input end of the HVAC system controller;
  • the heating signal output port, the cooling signal output port, and the continuous fan mode signal output port G are respectively connected to a gear position input line of the motor controller, a heating signal output port, a heating signal output port, and a continuous fan mode signal output port. There may be only one or more ports selected to be in the on state to output 24V AC signal, and the remaining ports are selected to be in the off state without power.
  • the gear position detection circuit includes several current sensing units, each gear position The input lines are respectively connected to a current sensing unit, and the output end of the current sensing chip is connected to the input end of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor selects the operating parameters of the motor according to the detected power status signals of the input lines of each position, and controls the motor. Run according to the selected operating parameters;
  • the utility model is characterized in that: when the microprocessor receives the 24V low-voltage AC starting signal of a certain gear position input line, the microprocessor has to delay the starting time t1 of the driving circuit to start the motor, when the road gear input line is communicated by the 24V low voltage AC. When the 0V stop signal is changed, the microprocessor will delay the motor for a period of time t2, and the start delay time tl and the shutdown delay time t2 are stored in the memory.
  • All of the above gear input lines have a start delay time t1 and a turn off delay time t2.
  • the above memory stores a plurality of delay schedules, and each delay schedule corresponds to setting a start delay time t1 and a shutdown delay time t2 for all gear input lines, and the microprocessor selects according to some preset mechanism.
  • a delay schedule is used to control motor operation, and the currently selected delay schedule can be modified by delay learning or serial communication. .
  • the microprocessor described above selects a delay schedule to operate the motor according to a signal obtained by a jumper mode or a dial mode.
  • the microprocessor described above has a delay learning mode, and the microprocessor passes the detection thermostat
  • THERMOSTAT sends a cooling, heating or continuous fan signal, and detects the time when the HVAC system power signal is turned on or off to obtain the start delay time tl and the shutdown delay time t2, and automatically store the selected delay. Inside the timetable.
  • the microprocessor described above is also connected to a serial communication unit, the microprocessor establishes a communication connection externally through the serial communication unit, and forms a serial communication port, and the user can rewrite the memory delay schedule by using the serial communication port. Run the motor.
  • heating signal output ports namely W1 port and W2 port
  • cooling signal output ports which are Y1 port and Y2 port respectively.
  • the above microprocessor is further connected with a first delay learning function line SF and a second delay learning function line H, and the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H are connected by A/D conversion.
  • the microprocessor in the delay learning mode, sequentially inputs or disconnects the switch signal to the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H through manual setting, and the microprocessor detects the first delay.
  • the time difference between the switching signal of the function line SF and the second delay learning function line H is obtained to obtain a corresponding start time t1 and a down time t2 for each gear input line.
  • the A/D conversion can be an optocoupler isolation circuit or a Hall current sensing circuit.
  • the above-mentioned switching signal may be a 24V AC signal output by the thermostat THERMOSTAT or a power signal of the HVAC system.
  • the invention has the following effects:
  • the microprocessor acquires according to the jumper mode or dial code. The signal is used to select the delay schedule to run the motor, which is convenient to use and high in reliability;
  • the microprocessor has a delay learning mode. According to different practical occasions, the ECM motor can obtain the optimal delay time through the learning mode to meet the requirements of different customers and different occasions, and improve the market competitiveness;
  • the motor controller integrates the serial communication unit and the double voltage conversion device.
  • the ECM motor is more convenient to use, suitable for different working situations, and has high operational reliability;
  • the HVAC system replaces the original PSC fan motor with an ECM motor and makes the output signal of the thermostat Direct control of the ECM motor, without changing the customer's re-development of the indoor fan's speed control panel, using the thermostat THERMOSTAT's 24V signal-controlled ECM motor's gear speed control and continuous fan mode (fan only mode) for low-speed operation, making the system
  • the power consumption and noise are small, and the ECM motor response delay action requires better matching with the original HVAC system controller, and the structure is simple and the wiring is convenient;
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an ECM motor of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the ECM motor of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an ECM motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of the ECM motor of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a specific circuit diagram of the gear position detecting circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the ECM motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of the power supply portion of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a specific circuit diagram of the rectifier circuit and the DC-DC conversion circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a specific circuit diagram of the serial communication unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a specific circuit diagram of the steering setting circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a circuit block diagram of the HVAC system of the present invention in the ECM motor delay learning
  • FIG. 12 is a circuit block diagram of the HVAC system of the present invention in the normal operation of the ECM motor
  • FIG. 13 is a delay learning of the HVAC motor of the HVAC system of the present invention. Circuit block diagram when adding a switching power supply.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the present invention is an ECM motor, and the ECM motor includes a motor 1 and a motor controller 2 , and the motor 1 includes a rotating shaft 11 .
  • the stator assembly 12, the rotor assembly 13 and the outer casing assembly 14, the rotor assembly 13 is mounted on a rotating shaft 11, the stator assembly 12 is mounted with the outer casing assembly 14 and nested outside the rotor assembly 13, the motor controller 2 including the control box 21 and the mounting
  • a microprocessor is integrated on the control circuit board 22,
  • the inverter circuit, the gear position detecting circuit, the memory and the power supply part, the power part is connected to the external AC power input, the output part of the power part is supplying power to each part of the circuit, and the rotor position detecting circuit detects the rotor position signal of the motor through the Hall element Hall and sends
  • the microprocessor controls the motor operation through the inverter circuit, and the gear position detecting circuit is connected to a plurality of gear position input lines.
  • the gear position detection circuit includes a plurality of current sensing units, each gear input line is respectively connected to an input end of a current sensing unit, and the output end of the current sensing unit is connected to the input of the microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor selects the operating parameter of the motor according to the detected power-on state signal of each gear position input line, and controls the motor to operate according to the selected operating parameter, and the current sensing unit detects the 24V low-voltage AC signal of the input line of several gear positions.
  • the microprocessor When the microprocessor receives the 24V low-voltage AC start signal of a certain gear input line, The device needs to delay the start time of tl to start the motor. When the input line of the road is changed from 24V low voltage AC to 0V stop signal, the microprocessor will delay the motor for a period of time t2, and the start time is turned off. T1 and the shutdown time t2 are stored in the memory.
  • All gear input lines have a start delay time tl and a shutdown delay time t2.
  • the memory stores a plurality of delay schedules, each delay schedule corresponding to a plurality of pipeline input lines, a start delay time t1 and a shutdown delay time t2, and the microprocessor selects a delay schedule according to the user. To control the motor operation.
  • a number of gear position input lines refer to the 5-way gear input lines (Nl, N2, N3, N4, N5), or may be less than 5 gear input lines such as (Nl, N2, N3).
  • the power supply part includes EMI or EMC anti-electromagnetic interference circuit, rectifier circuit and DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the input of EMI or EMC anti-electromagnetic interference circuit is connected to AC input, EMI or EMC anti-electromagnetic interference circuit.
  • the output end is connected to the input end of the rectifier circuit, the rectifier circuit outputs the bus voltage VDC and is connected with the DC-DC conversion circuit, the DC-DC conversion circuit outputs the bus bar +15V, +5V, the bus voltage VDC, +15V, +5V are the parts.
  • the circuit is powered, the rectifier circuit includes a surge current protection circuit, and the DC-DC conversion circuit includes a voltage doubler conversion device.
  • a lead sheath 3 and a 5-position gear input line (Nl, N2, N3, N4, N5) are mounted on the control box 21. And other leads 4 are taken out from the lead sheath 3, and a jumper box 5 is mounted on the lead sheath 3, as shown in Fig. 6, a power setting port 51, a steering setting port 52, and a string are mounted in the jump box 5.
  • the voltage double conversion device By connecting the terminal at the power setting port 51 to turn on or off the voltage doubler switching device, the voltage double conversion device is operated at a double voltage or a double voltage, that is, at 115 VAC and 230 VAC, and the microprocessor is based on the power supply portion.
  • the operating state is doubled or doubled to select the delay schedule to run the motor.
  • the voltage double conversion device When the double voltage conversion device is disconnected, the voltage double conversion device is in a double pressure operation state, and the microprocessor is loaded with the first time delay table to control the motor operation according to the operating state of the power supply portion at one time.
  • the default values of the first delay schedule are as follows in Table 1:
  • the voltage doubler switching device When the voltage doubler switching device is turned on, the voltage doubler switching device is in the operating state of double voltage, and the microprocessor is loaded with the second time delay schedule to control the motor operation according to the operating state of the power supply portion at the double voltage.
  • the default values of the second delay schedule are as follows in Table 2:
  • the control circuit board 22 is provided with a dialing disc.
  • the output end of the dialing disc is connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor selects the delay schedule according to the output signal of the dialing disc to operate the motor.
  • the code number combination 0000 of the dial dial represents the first delay schedule
  • the microprocessor will control the motor operation according to the first delay schedule.
  • the default values of the first delay schedule are as follows in Table 3:
  • the code combination of the dials 0001 represents the second delay schedule, and the microprocessor will control the motor operation according to the first table.
  • the default values of the second delay schedule are as follows in Table 4:
  • the code combination of the dials 0002 represents the third delay schedule, and the microprocessor will control the motor operation according to the first table.
  • the default values of the third delay schedule are as follows in Table 5:
  • the combination of the dialing discs and the delay schedule are not limited to the above examples, and include other combinations of dials and their corresponding delay schedules, which will not be repeated here.
  • the microprocessor can also select the delay schedule to run the motor based on the signal obtained by the jumper.
  • the microprocessor is further connected to a serial communication unit, and the microprocessor establishes a communication connection externally through the serial communication unit, and forms a serial communication port 53, and the serial communication port 53 includes Ports R/T and CC M0N, the user can use the serial communication port 53 to rewrite the memory's delay schedule to run the motor.
  • the microprocessor is also connected to the steering setting circuit, and the steering setting circuit is turned on or off by connecting the terminal J601 to the steering setting port 52, and the steering setting circuit transmits control to the microprocessor. Signal, the microprocessor controls the forward or reverse running of the motor through the inverter circuit.
  • the microprocessor is further connected with a first delayed learning function line SF and a second delayed learning function line H, and the first delayed learning function line SF and the second delayed learning function line H are connected to the micro by A/D conversion.
  • the processor in the delay learning mode, sequentially inputs or disconnects the switch signal to the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H by manual setting, and the microprocessor detects the first delay learning by detecting
  • the time difference between the function line SF and the switching signal of the second delay learning function line H is used to obtain a start delay time t1 and a turn-off delay time t2 for each gear input line.
  • the A/D conversion can be an optocoupler isolation circuit or a Hall current sensing circuit.
  • the above-mentioned switching signal may be a 24V AC signal output by the thermostat THERMOSTAT or a power signal of the HVAC system.
  • the microprocessor has a delay learning mode, and the microprocessor sends a cooling or heating signal through the detection thermostat THERMOSTAT and inputs it to the microprocessor through the first delay learning function line SF, and the microprocessor simultaneously detects the HVAC system controller.
  • the corresponding second delay learning H line is used to obtain the start delay time tl and the shutdown delay time t2, and is automatically stored in the currently selected delay schedule, and the microprocessor operates according to the currently selected delay schedule. Motor.
  • the motor controller selects Table 1 at this time, assuming that the user has determined that the gear input lines N5 and N3 are connected to the cooling signal output port of the thermostat, and the gear position is set. Input lines N4 and N2 are connected to the heating signal output port of the thermostat.
  • the first delay learning function line SF (hereinafter referred to as SF line) receives the thermostat THERMOSTAT 24VAC signal
  • the second delay learning function H line (hereinafter referred to as H line) receives the system power signal, the first delay learning function line SF and the The combination of two delay learning functions H line can generate different control logic and selection mechanism
  • the motor controller selects Table 2, assuming that the user has determined that N5 and N3 should be connected to the thermostat's cooling signal output port, and connect N4 and N2 to the thermostat.
  • the heating signal output port connects N1 to the continuous fan mode signal output port of the thermostat.
  • the invention establishes a delay schedule corresponding to several gear positions by means of software programming, and solves the problem of delay action of the ECM motor in the HVAC system, which is flexible and convenient.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 12, the present invention is an HVAC system, wherein the HVAC system replaces an original PSC fan motor with an ECM motor, and the HVAC system includes a thermostat.
  • HVAC system controller where:
  • the ECM motor includes a motor controller 2 and a motor 1, and the motor controller 2 drives the motor 1 to operate.
  • the motor controller 2 includes a control box 21 and a control circuit board 22 mounted inside the control box 21, and a control circuit board. 22 is integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a gear position detecting circuit, a memory and a power supply part, the power part is connected to an external AC power input, the output part of the power part is supplying power to each part of the circuit, and the gear position detecting circuit is connected to several road positions.
  • the thermostat THERMOSTAT has two 24V AC power input terminals (R, C), at least one cooling signal output port and at least one heating signal output port and a continuous fan mode signal output port G, wherein the cooling signal output port and system
  • the thermal signal output port can output 24V AC signal, continuous
  • the fan mode signal output port G can output a 24V AC signal
  • the thermostat THERMOSTAT connects the heating signal output port, the cooling signal output port and the continuous fan port to the signal input end of the HVAC system controller;
  • the heating signal output port, the cooling signal output port, and the continuous fan mode signal output port G are respectively connected to one gear position input line of the motor controller, the heating signal output port, the heating signal output port, and the continuous fan mode signal output port G. Only one port or multiple ports can be selected to be in the on state to output 24V AC signal, and the remaining ports are selected to be in the off state without power.
  • the gear position detection circuit includes several current sensing units, each gear position The input lines are respectively connected to a current sensing unit, and the output end of the current sensing unit is connected to the input end of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor selects the operating parameters of the motor according to the detected power-on status signals of the input lines of the respective positions, and controls the motor. Run according to the selected operating parameters;
  • the microprocessor When the microprocessor receives the 24V low-voltage AC start signal of a certain gear input line, the microprocessor delays the start delay time tl of a certain period to start the motor. When the line input line is changed from 24V low-voltage AC When the 0V stop signal, the microprocessor will delay the motor for a period of time delay t2, and the start delay time t1 and the shutdown delay time t2 are stored in the memory.
  • All gear input lines have a start delay time tl and a shutdown delay time t2.
  • the memory stores a plurality of delay schedules, each delay schedule corresponding to a plurality of pipeline input lines, a start delay time t1 and a shutdown delay time t2, and the microprocessor selects a delay schedule according to the user.
  • the microprocessor selects the delay schedule to run the motor according to the signal obtained by the jumper mode or the dial mode.
  • the microprocessor has a delay learning mode.
  • the microprocessor sends a cooling or heating signal by detecting the thermostat THERMOSTAT, and simultaneously detects the HVAC system power signal to the motor port H to obtain the start delay time tl and the shutdown delay time t2.
  • the microprocessor selects the default delay schedule to run the motor.
  • the microprocessor is also connected to a serial communication unit, and the microprocessor establishes a communication connection externally through the serial communication unit, and forms a serial communication port, and the user can rewrite the currently selected delay timetable of the memory by using the serial communication port to operate.
  • Motor There are two heating signal output ports, namely W1 port and W2 port, and two cooling signal output ports. They are Yl port and Y2 port respectively.
  • the power supply part includes a voltage double conversion device, and the voltage double conversion device is in a double voltage or double voltage operation state by turning on or off the voltage double conversion device at the power supply port, and the microprocessor is in accordance with the power supply portion. The operating state of one or two times the pressure is selected to select the delay schedule to run the motor.
  • the motor determines the logic of cooling, heating and continuous fan mode:
  • the power line fire line applies a ring current sensor and connects the signal to the microprocessor of the ECM motor controller to provide the motor controller with the function of monitoring the start and stop of the induced draft fan, installing an air temperature sensor at the gas outlet of the gas furnace and putting It turns on the microprocessor of the motor controller, and provides the motor controller with the function of monitoring the temperature of the air outlet, so that the microprocessor can be used with the delay learning mode to measure the gear input line corresponding to the start delay time tl and off.
  • the delay time t2 is delayed and the system controller can be bypassed in some failure modes to enable the ECM motor to start.
  • the motor determines the logic of cooling, heating and continuous fan mode: Since the actual wiring, each gear input line can be connected to the cooling signal output port of the thermostat, or The heating signal output port, or the continuous fan mode signal output port, the motor can determine which gear input line is connected to which signal output port of the thermostat by the following method. After learning delay or serial programming, the motor controller queries the value of the currently selected time delay table. Among all five gear positions, the gear with the shortest start and stop delay is determined to be connected to the thermostat's continuous fan mode signal output port. The gear with the longest start and stop delay is connected to the heating signal output port of the thermostat. The gear position corresponding to the intermediate delay is determined to be the cooling signal output port of the thermostat.
  • the thermostat mode determination for 115VAC gas furnace applications is critical to the external sensors below.
  • the motor must interpret which gear is connected to the thermostat output port of the thermostat to use the logic control of the external sensor for this gear.
  • error conditions include:
  • the flame deviates from the burner and causes the burner temperature sensor to overheat (Rollout Switch Open).
  • the blast motor and the induced draft fan should be started simultaneously to keep the temperature of the heat exchanger from being too high;
  • the air outlet temperature sensor, the motor can be started without the dependence of the gas furnace main control board in the above error state.
  • the control logic is as follows:
  • Logic 1 (when the heating signal is not turned on) and (when the ECM blower motor is not running) and (when the induced draft fan is running), the ECM blower motor starts at the highest level N5; when it enters the logic 1 state After that, once the induced draft fan is stopped, the ECM blower motor keeps running and starts the stop delay, and stops after the delay is over.
  • Logic 2 When the air outlet temperature exceeds 170 °F, start the blower motor and run at the highest grade N5. When the air outlet temperature is lower than 150 °F, the blower motor stops.
  • the HVAC system controller In gas furnace heating applications, in the event of some ignition failures, the HVAC system controller enters a lock-out period for a period of time after several failed ignition attempts. At this time, in order to prevent the blower from continuously sending cold air into the room, the motor needs to stop running under such conditions.
  • the control logic is as follows:
  • Logic 3 (when the heating signal is turned on) and (the induced draft fan is stopped) and (ECM blower motor is running), the ECM blower motor keeps running and starts the stop delay, and stops after the delay is over.
  • the gas furnace main control board often provides a code wheel switch, and selects a mode between the first and second heating. Once The second gear is selected and the blower motor requires an additional control logic. Since the motor bypasses the motor controller here, a mechanism is needed to select this heating gear. You can select the second-speed heating by setting the H-line to the system power supply at the power supply part of the motor, and selecting the second-speed heating, and if you do not connect.
  • the logic is as follows:
  • Logic 4 (when the motor power supply section is set to 115VAC) and (when the ⁇ line is not connected to the power supply) and (when the SF line is not connected to the voltage) and (the 5 gears of the motor are judged to be connected to the ⁇ or W2 thermostat When any gear is turned on, the motor runs in the W1 or W2 position after the start delay.
  • Logic 5 (when the motor power supply is set to 115VAC) and (when the ⁇ line is connected to the system power line) and (when the SF line is not connected to the voltage) and (the motor 5 positions are determined to be connected to the W1 or W2 thermostat)
  • the motor runs for 5 minutes at the low W1 torque after the start delay, and then switches to the high-end W2 torque operation. If the thermostat terminates the heating before the end of the 5 minute switching delay, the motor remains running in the low gear until the end of the stop delay; if at some point after the 5 minute switching delay, the thermostat terminates the heating, the motor The operation is maintained at W2 up to the end of the shutdown delay.
  • an external PWM generator can be connected to ⁇ 4, the PWM generator
  • the 24V power supply is connected to the cooling signal output port of the thermostat or the heating signal output port W, and the torque/speed is adjusted to ⁇ 5.
  • the ECM motor can also turn SF+N5+N4+N1 into 24VAC at the same time after the automatic torque correction, and the torque of ⁇ 4 is equal to ⁇ 5 ( ⁇ 5 is the maximum torque after automatic correction), then ⁇ 5 is connected to the cooling signal output port ⁇ of the thermostat, ⁇ 4 is connected to the heating signal output port I of the thermostat, for example, SF+N4+N3+N1 is simultaneously connected to 24VAC, The torque of ⁇ 3 is changed to be equal to ⁇ 4 ( ⁇ 4 is the second largest torque after automatic correction). In other words, where is it? The torque of the two gears is the same.
  • the two gears are connected to SF and N1 at the same time 24VAC, so that the torque of the lower gear is changed to the torque equivalent to the first gear. Note that the torque of N1 is not affected at this time, and it is still the value after automatic torque correction.
  • Figure 11 is a connection diagram of the present invention in the delayed learning mode, the microprocessor acquires each file by detecting the time difference between the switching signals of the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H.
  • the bit input line corresponds to the start delay time t1 and the turn off delay time t2.
  • the above-mentioned switching signal may be a 24V AC signal output by the thermostat THERMOSTAT or a power signal of the HVAC system.
  • the first delay learning function line SF is connected to the 24V AC signal outputted by the thermostat THERMOSTAT
  • the second delay learning function line H is connected to the power signal of the HVAC system (115VAC or 230VAC).
  • the delay learning function line SF is connected according to the above, and then the debugging staff can use the stopwatch timer (which can be a mobile phone) to time according to the original manual or the delay time of the empirical value.
  • the stopwatch timer which can be a mobile phone
  • the reservation is reached.
  • Delay time, turn on or pull out the second delay learning function line H the microprocessor knows that a certain gear input line sets the start delay time t1 and the turn off delay time t2.
  • the start delay time t l and the shutdown delay time t2 of each gear input line are updated in the currently selected delay schedule. As shown in FIG.
  • the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H are disconnected and suspended, and the thermostat THERMOSTAT or the HVAC system power supply is no longer connected, and the microprocessor is set according to the setting.
  • the currently selected delay schedule is used to control the ECM fan motor.
  • the commissioning staff can also bring the switching power supply to complete the delay learning.
  • the debugging staff determines the delay time of each gear input line according to the original specification or experience.
  • the microprocessor passes the first delay.
  • the learning signal line SF and the second delay learning function line H switch signals are obtained to obtain each gear input line setting start delay time t1 and turn-off delay time t2, and the switch signal is provided by the switching power supply, the SF line and Each gear line is matched with the wiring.
  • the time difference between the opening and closing of the H line is taken as the starting time t1 and the closing time t2.
  • T2 is updated in the currently selected delay schedule.
  • the first delay learning function line SF and the second delay learning function line H are disconnected and suspended, no longer connected to the switching power supply, and the microprocessor controls the ECM according to the currently selected delay schedule. Fan motor.

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Abstract

一种ECM电机,所述的ECM电机包括电机和电机控制器,控制线路板上集成有微处理器、逆变电路、档位检测电路、存储器和电源部分,档位检测电路连接若干路档位输入线,档位检测电路包括若干块电流传感单元,电流传感单元检测若干路档位输入线的24V低压交流信号,当微处理器接收到某一路档位输入线的24V低压交流启动信号时,微处理器要延时一段的启动时间t1才启动电机,当该路档位输入线由24V低压交流变为0V停止信号时,微处理器要延时一段的关停时间t2才关停电机,启动延时时间t1和关停延时时间t2存储在存储器里面,通过软件编程的方式建立若干个档位对应的延时时间表,解决ECM电机在HVAC系统中延时动作问题,灵活方便。

Description

一种 ECM电机及其应用的 HVAC系统
技术领域 :
本发明涉及一种 ECM电机及其应用的 HVAC系统。
背景技术 :
近几年, 随着电器领域竞争日趋激烈, 对产品技术要求不断提高, 如要求 产品节能环保、 可控性智能化程度高、 开发周期短、 噪音小等。 作为核心部件 一一电机, 无疑成为解决上述技术问题的关键部件, 传统的家用中央空调里面 的电机普遍采用单相交流电机 PSC, 单相交流电机, 效率低, 比较耗能、 噪音也 大, 可控性智能程度低。
随着电机技术的发展, 出现了永磁同步电机, 该种电机带有电机控制器, 利用电机控制器实现电流的电子换向的目的, 所以行业里也有人简称 ECM电机 (electronically commutated motor) , 永磁同步电机具有节會 ^环保、 可靠性 和可控性都比较高、 噪音小、 容易实现智能化等特点, 可以解决单向交流电机 的不足, 因此, 现有的家用中央空调里面的单向交流电机逐渐被永磁同步电机 所取替。
有鉴于此, 目前已经开发出 ECM电机可以直接替换原来的 PSC电机, 而无 须改变 PSC电机原来应用系统 (例如 HVAC空调控制系统) 的电路结构, 安装调 试简单, 降低开发成本。 即 ECM电机仿照 PSC电机的接线方式直接与 HVAC系统 控制器连接。 这种连接无疑是最简洁最快捷的, 但还是存在如下问题:
现有的 ECM电机大部分有 3类调速方法:
1、 恒温器的 24V信号控制的档位调速, 这种方式需要客户重新开发室内风 机的调速控制板, 功耗和噪音都较小;
2、 利用 HVAC系统控制器的高压信号控制的档位调速, 这种方式的好处是 可以直接取代 PSC电机, 不用再重新开发调速控制板, 但是无法实现 HVAC系统 在连续风扇 (fan only) 模式下的低速运行, 所以功耗和噪音都较大; 3、 复杂的 SCI通信调速, 这种调速方法需要复杂的通信协议和复杂的调试 控制板。 为了解决上述调速方法的不足, 提出了该方案。
申请着力于第一种调速方法进行开发 ECM电机,因为其功耗和噪音都较小 , 符合节能环保的要求, 而且已经得到解决方案使到客户重新开发室内风机的调 速控制板, 并且将解决方案申请了专利, 在此不再详细叙述。
用恒温器 THERMOSTAT的 24V信号控制的 ECM电机的档位调速和连续风扇模 式 (fan only模式) 下的低速运行, 还要解决一个问题是: 启动和停止延时问 题, 因为 THERMOSTAT的 24V制冷信号或者制热信号或者 0V停止信号送到 HVAC 系统控制器时, HVAC系统控制器延时一定时间才执行操作, 其原理是: 当热泵 制冷过程中, 收到 THERMOSTAT恒温器发出的停止信号, 由于热泵停止工作后还 留存一定得制冷量, 所以需要风机在热泵停止工作后还要把残留的制冷量送出 去, 同理, 在 HVAC系统控制器收到 THERMOSTAT恒温器发出的 24V制冷信号, 需要先启动热泵一段时间后, 才启动风机送冷风, 因此替换 HVAC系统原来 PSC 风机电机的 ECM电机必需也具有延时响应要求。
发明内容 :
本发明的目的是提供一种 ECM电机 , 通过软件编程的方式建立若干个档位 对应的延时时间表, 解决 ECM电机在 HVAC系统中延时动作问题, 灵活方便。
本发明的另目的是提供一种 HVAC系统, HVAC系统用 ECM电机替换原来的 PSC风机电机并且使恒温器的输出信号直接控制 ECM电机,无需改变客户重新开 发室内风机的调速控制板, 用恒温器 THERMOSTAT的 24V信号控制的 ECM电机的 档位调速和连续风扇模式 (fan only模式) 下的低速运行, 使系统功耗和噪音 都较小, 而且 ECM电机响应延时动作要求更好配合原来的 HVAC系统控制器, 结 构简单, 接线方便。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种 ECM电机 , 所述的包括电机和电机控制器, 电机控制器包括控制盒和 安装在控制盒里面的控制线路板, 控制线路板上集成有微处理器、 逆变电路、 档位检测电路、 存储器和电源部分, 电源部分连接外部交流电源输入, 电源部 分的输出端为各部分电路供电, 档位检测电路连接若干路档位输入线, 档位输 入线既可以只有一路也可以多路被选定处于导通状态, 其余各路被选定处于断 开状态没有电, 档位检测电路包括若干块电流传感单元, 每路档位输入线分别 连接一块电流传感单元的输入端, 电流传感单元的输出端连接微处理器的输入 端, 微处理器根据检测到的各路档位输入线通电状态信号选择电机的运行参数, 并控制电机按选择的运行参数运行, 电流传感单元检测若干路档位输入线的低 压交流信号, 其特征在于: 当微处理器接收到某一路档位输入线的低压交流启 动信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的启动时间 tl才启动电机, 当该路档位输入线 由 2低压交流变为 0V停止信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的关停时间 t2才关停 电机, 启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2存储在存储器里面。
上述所有档位输入线对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。
上述存储器里面存储有若干个延时时间表, 每个延时时间表对应所有档位输 入线设置启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,微处理器根据某种预先设置的机 制选择其中一个延时时间表来控制电机运行, 并且当前选中的延时时间表可以 被延时学习或者串行通信的方法来修改。
上述所述的微处理器根据跳线方式或者拨码盘方式获取的信号来选择延时 时间表来运行电机。
上述所述的微处理器带有延时学习模式, 微处理器通过检测温控器
THERMOSTAT发出制冷, 制热或者连续风扇信号, 并检测 HVAC系统电源信号的接 通或者断开的时间来获取启动延时时间 t l和关停延时时间 t2,并自动存储在已 经选好的延时时间表里面。
上述所述的微处理器还连接一串行通信单元, 微处理器通过串行通信单元对 外建立通信连接, 并形成串行通信端口, 用户可以利用串行通信端口重新改写 已经选好的延时时间表。
上述所述的所述的电源部分包括倍压转换装置, 通过在电源设置端口接插 端子接通或者断开倍压转换装置, 使倍压转换装置处于一倍压或者二倍压的运 行状态, 微处理器根据电源部分处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态来选择延时 时间表来运行电机。
上述微处理器还连接有第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H, 第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H通过 A/D转换连接到微处理器, 在延时学习模式下, 通过人工的设置给第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习 功能线 H依次输入或断开开关信号, 微处理器通过检测第一延时学习功能线 SF 和第二延时学习功能线 H的开关信号的时间差来获取每根档位输入线对应启动 延时时间 t l和关停延时时间 t2。
上述所述的开关信号可以是恒温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号或者 是 HVAC系统的电源信号。
上述的微处理器还连接有环形电流传感器和空气气温传感器, 当 ECM电机 安装在燃气炉时, 环形电流传感器并把信号通过模数转换后接到微处理器, 用 来给电机控制器提供监视引风机起停的功能, 在燃气炉出风口安装一个空气气 温传感器, 空气气温传感器通过模数转换后接通微处理器, 给电机控制器提供 监视出风口气温的功能。
一种的 HVAC系统,所述的 HVAC系统用 ECM电机替换原来的 PSC风机电机, 所述的 HVAC系统包括恒温器 THERM0STAT、 HVAC系统控制器, 其中:
所述的 ECM电机包括电机控制器和电机, 电机控制器驱动电机运行, 所述的 电机控制器包括控制盒和安装在控制盒里面的控制线路板, 控制线路板上集成 有微处理器、 逆变电路、 档位检测电路、 存储器和电源部分, 电源部分连接外 部交流电源输入, 电源部分的输出端为各部分电路供电, 档位检测电路连接若 干路档位输入线;
所述的恒温器 THERMOSTAT具有两 24V交流电源输入端 (R、 C)、 至少一个 制冷信号输出端口和至少一个制热信号输出端口和一个连续风扇模式信号输出 端口 G, 其中制冷信号输出端口和制热信号输出端口可输出 24V交流信号, 连续 风扇模式信号输出端口 G可输出 24V交流信号, 恒温器 THERMOSTAT将制热信号 输出端口, 制冷信号输出端口和连续风扇输出端口连接到 HVAC系统控制器的信 号输入端;
制热信号输出端口、 制冷信号输出端口和连续风扇模式信号输出端口 G分 别连接到电机控制器的一路档位输入线, 制热信号输出端口、 制热信号输出端 口和连续风扇模式信号输出端口中可以只有一个也可以有多个端口被选定处于 导通状态输出 24V交流信号, 其余各端口被选定处于断开状态没有电, 档位检 测电路包括若干个电流传感单元, 每路档位输入线分别连接一个电流传感单元, 电流传感芯片的输出端连接微处理器的输入端, 微处理器根据检测到的各路档 位输入线通电状态信号选择电机的运行参数, 并控制电机按选择的运行参数运 行;
其特征在于: 当微处理器接收到某一路档位输入线的 24V低压交流启动信号 时, 微处理器要延时一段的启动时间 tl才启动电机, 当该路档位输入线由 24V 低压交流变为 0V停止信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的关停时间 t2才关停电机, 启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2存储在存储器里面
上述所有的档位输入线对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。
上述存储器里面存储有若干个延时时间表, 每个延时时间表对应所有档位输 入线设置启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,微处理器根据某种预先设置的机 制选择其中一个延时时间表来控制电机运行, 并且当前选中的延时时间表可以 被延时学习或者串行通信的方法来修改。。
上述所述的微处理器根据跳线方式或者拨码盘方式获取的信号来选择延时 时间表来运行电机。
上述所述的微处理器带有延时学习模式, 微处理器通过检测温控器
THERMOSTAT发出制冷, 制热或者连续风扇信号, 并检测 HVAC系统电源信号的接 通或者断开的时间来获取启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,并自动存储在已 经选好的延时时间表里面。 上述所述的微处理器还连接一串行通信单元, 微处理器通过串行通信单元 对外建立通信连接, 并形成串行通信端口, 用户可以利用串行通信端口重新改 写存储器延时时间表来运行电机。
上述制热信号输出端口有 2个, 分别为 W1端口和 W2端口, 制冷信号输出 端口有 2个, 分别为 Y1端口和 Y2端口。
上述上述微处理器还连接有第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能 线 H, 第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H通过 A/D转换连接到微 处理器, 在延时学习模式下, 通过人工的设置给第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二 延时学习功能线 H依次输入或断开开关信号, 微处理器通过检测第一延时学习 功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H的开关信号的时间差来获取每根档位输入线 对应启动时间 t l和关停时间 t2。 A/D转换可以是光耦隔离电路或者霍尔电流传 感电路。
上述所述的开关信号可以是恒温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号或者 是 HVAC系统的电源信号。
本发明与现有技术相比, 具有如下效果:
1 ) 通过软件编程的方式建立若干个档位对应的延时时间表, 解决 ECM电机 在 HVAC系统中延时动作问题, 灵活方便;
2 ) 存储器里面存储有若干个延时时间表, 用户可以根据实际需要选择延时 时间表, 结构简单, 适用范围广, 满足不同的需求, 微处理器根据跳线方式或 者拨码盘方式获取的信号来选择延时时间表来运行电机, 使用方便, 可靠性高;
3 ) 微处理器带有延时学习模式, 根据不同的实际使用场合, 通过学习模式 使 ECM电机获得最佳的延时时间, 满足不同客户、 不同场合的使用要求, 提高 市场竞争力;
4 ) 电机控制器集合了串行通信单元、 倍压转换装置于一体, ECM电机使用 更加方便, 适用于不同的工作场合, 工作可靠性高;
5 ) HVAC系统用 ECM电机替换原来的 PSC风机电机并且使恒温器的输出信号 直接控制 ECM电机, 无需改变客户重新开发室内风机的调速控制板, 用恒温器 THERMOSTAT的 24V信号控制的 ECM电机的档位调速和连续风扇模式 (fan only 模式) 下的低速运行, 使系统功耗和噪音都较小, 而且 ECM电机响应延时动作 要求更好配合原来的 HVAC系统控制器, 结构简单, 接线方便;
附图说明:
图 1 是本发明 ECM电机的立体图;
图 2 是本发明 ECM电机的分解图;
图 3 是本发明 ECM电机的结构剖视图;
图 4 是本发明 ECM电机的电路原理方框图;
图 5 是本发明档位检测电路的具体电路图;
图 6 是本发明 ECM电机的示意图;
图 7 是本发明电源部分的电路原理方框图;
图 8 是本发明整流电路和 DC-DC转换电路的具体电路图;
图 9 是本发明串行通信单元的具体电路图;
图 10 是本发明转向设置电路的具体电路图;
图 11 是本发明 HVAC系统在 ECM电机延时学习时的电路原理方框图; 图 12是本发明 HVAC系统在 ECM电机正常工作时的电路原理方框图; 图 13是本发明 HVAC系统在 ECM电机延时学习时外加开关电源时的电路原 理方框图.
具体实施方式:
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一: 如图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4和图 5所示, 本发明是一种 ECM电机 , 所述的 ECM电机包括电机 1和电机控制器 2, 电机 1包括转轴 11、定子组件 12、 转子组件 13和外壳组件 14, 转子组件 13安装在转轴 11上, 定子组件 12与外 壳组件 14安装在一起并嵌套在转子组件 13外面, 电机控制器 2包括控制盒 21 和安装在控制盒 21里面的控制线路板 22, 控制线路板 22上集成有微处理器、 逆变电路、 档位检测电路、 存储器和电源部分, 电源部分连接外部交流电源输 入,电源部分的输出端为各部分电路供电,转子位置检测电路通过霍尔元件 Hall 检测电机的转子位置信号并送到微处理器, 微处理器通过逆变电路控制电机运 行, 档位检测电路连接若干路档位输入线, 档位输入线有一路或者多路被选定 处于导通状态, 其余各路被选定处于断开状态没有电, 档位检测电路包括若干 块电流传感单元, 每路档位输入线分别连接一块电流传感单元的输入端, 电流 传感单元的输出端连接微处理器的输入端, 微处理器根据检测到的各路档位输 入线通电状态信号选择电机的运行参数, 并控制电机按选择的运行参数运行, 电流传感单元检测若干路档位输入线的 24V低压交流信号, 当微处理器接收到 某一路档位输入线的 24V低压交流启动信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的启动时 间 tl才启动电机, 当该路档位输入线由 24V低压交流变为 0V停止信号时, 微 处理器要延时一段的关停时间 t2才关停电机, 启动时间 tl和关停时间 t2存储 在存储器里面。
所有档位输入线对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。
存储器里面存储有若干个延时时间表, 每个延时时间表对应若干路档位输 入线设置启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,微处理器根据用户选择某个延时 时间表来控制电机运行。
若干路档位输入线是指 5路档位输入线 (Nl、 N2、 N3, N4, N5), 也可以是 小于 5路的档位输入线如 (Nl、 N2、 N3 )。
如图 7、 图 8所示电源部分包括 EMI或者 EMC抗电磁干扰电路、整流电路和 DC-DC变换电路, EMI或者 EMC抗电磁干扰电路的输入端连接交流输入, EMI或 者 EMC抗电磁干扰电路的输出端与整流电路的输入端连接, 整流电路输出母线 电压 VDC并与 DC-DC变换电路连接, DC-DC变换电路输出母线 +15V、 +5V, 母线 电压 VDC、 +15V、 +5V为各部分电路供电, 整流电路包括一浪涌电流保护电路, DC-DC变换电路包括倍压转换装置。
在控制盒 21上安装有引线护套 3, 5路档位输入线 (Nl、 N2、 N3, N4, N5) 和其他引线 4从引线护套 3上引出, 在引线护套 3上安装有跳线盒 5, 如图 6所 示, 在跳线盒 5里面安装有电源设置端口 51、转向设置端口 52和串行通信端口 53, 电源设置端口 51包括端口 V+和 V-, 转向设置端口 52包括端口 R+和 R-, 串行通信端口 53包括端口 R/T和 C0MM0N。
通过在电源设置端口 51接插端子接通或者断开倍压转换装置, 使倍压转换 装置处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态, 即在 115VAC和 230VAC进行转换, 微 处理器根据电源部分处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态来选择延时时间表来运 行电机。
当断开倍压转换装置, 倍压转换装置处于一倍压的运行状态, 微处理器根 据电源部分处于一倍压的运行状态, 将载入第一延时时间表来控制电机运行。 第一延时时间表的缺省值具体如下表 1所示:
Figure imgf000011_0001
表 1
当接通倍压转换装置, 倍压转换装置处于二倍压的运行状态, 微处理器根 据电源部分处于二倍压的运行状态, 将载入第二延时时间表来控制电机运行。 第二延时时间表的缺省值具体如下表 2所示:
Figure imgf000011_0002
表 2 控制线路板 22设置有拨码盘, 拨码盘的输出端与微处理器连接, 微处理器 根据拨码盘的输出信号来选择延时时间表来运行电机。
例如拨码盘的码数组合 0000代表第一延时时间表, 微处理器将根据第一延 时时间表来控制电机运行。 第一延时时间表的缺省值具体如下表 3所示:
Figure imgf000012_0001
表 3
拨码盘的码数组合 0001代表第二延时时间表, 微处理器将根据第 间表来控制电机运行。 第二延时时间表的缺省值具体如下表 4所示:
Figure imgf000012_0002
表 4
拨码盘的码数组合 0002代表第三延时时间表, 微处理器将根据第 间表来控制电机运行。 第三延时时间表的缺省值具体如下表 5所示:
Figure imgf000012_0003
表 5 拨码盘的组合方式和延时时间表不仅限于上述例子, 亦包括其他的拨码盘 组合方式及其对应的延时时间表, 在此不一一赘述。 微处理器亦都可以根据跳 线方式获取的信号来选择延时时间表来运行电机。
如图 4、 图 6和图 9所示, 微处理器还连接一串行通信单元, 微处理器通过 串行通信单元对外建立通信连接, 并形成串行通信端口 53, 串行通信端口 53包 括端口 R/T和 CC M0N,用户可以利用串行通信端口 53重新改写存储器的延时时 间表来运行电机。
如图 4、 图 6和图 10所示, 微处理器还与转向设置电路连接, 通过在转向 设置端口 52接插端子 J601接通或者断开转向设置电路, 转向设置电路向微处 理器输送控制信号, 微处理器通过逆变电路控制电机的正转或者反转运行。
上述微处理器还连接有第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H, 第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H通过 A/D转换连接到微处理器, 在延时学习模式下, 通过人工的设置给第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习 功能线 H依次输入或断开开关信号, 微处理器通过检测第一延时学习功能线 SF 和第二延时学习功能线 H的开关信号的时间差来获取每根档位输入线对应启动 延时时间 t l和关停延时时间 t2。 A/D转换可以是光耦隔离电路或者霍尔电流传 感电路。
上述所述的开关信号可以是恒温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号或者 是 HVAC系统的电源信号。
微处理器带有延时学习模式, 微处理器通过检测恒温器 THERMOSTAT发出制 冷或者制热信号并通过第一延时学习功能线 SF输入到微处理器, 微处理器并同 时检测 HVAC系统控制器相应的第二延时学习 H线来获取启动延时时间 t l和关 停延时时间 t2, 并自动存储在当前选中的延时时间表里面, 微处理器根据当前 选中的延时时间表来运行电机。
当电源部分设置为 115VAC的燃气炉应用场合时,此时电机控制器选中表 1, 假设用户已确定把档位输入线 N5和 N3接恒温器的制冷信号输出端口, 把档位 输入线 N4和 N2接恒温器的制热信号输出端口。 第一延时学习功能线 SF (以下 简称 SF线) 接受恒温器 THERMOSTAT 24VAC信号, 第二延时学习功能 H线 (以 下简称 H线)接受系统电源信号, 第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能 H线的组合可以产生不同的控制逻辑和选择机制
学习制冷启动时延时, 把引线 SF+N5+N3同时接到恒温器 THERMOSTAT的 24VAC,提示电机进入启动延时学习模式。然后当事先确定好的启动延时结束后, 比如 3秒, 接通 H线到系统电源的火线 L, 此时电机开始运行。 让电机控制器获 取 SF/N5/N3与 H线在这个阶段分别接通的时间差, 就是制冷的启动延时时间, 并把表 1对应 N5和 N3的 t l更改为这个值。
接下来, 保持电机在以上连线状态运行时, 继续学习制冷停机时延。 先把 H 线从系统电源的火线 L断开, 此时电机继续运行, 然后当事先确定好的停机时 延结束后, 比如 45秒,把 SF+N5+N3从 24VAC断开。让电机控制器获取 SF/N5/N3 与 H线在停机阶段分别断开的时间差, 就是制冷的停机延时时间, 并把表 1对 应 N5和 N3的 t2更改为这个值。
学习制热启动时延时, 把引线 SF+N4+N2同时接到恒温器 THERMOSTAT的 24VAC,提示电机进入启动延时学习模式。然后当事先确定好的启动时延结束后, 比如 60秒, 接通 H线到系统电源的火线 L, 此时电机开始运行。 让电机控制器 获取 SF/N4/N2与 H线在这个阶段分别接通的时间差,就是制热的启动延时时间, 并把表 1对应 N4和 N2的 t l更改为这个值。 调试人员应注意观察, 选择的时延 是否能让燃气炉正常运行并制热。
接下来, 保持电机在以上连线状态运行时, 继续学习制热停机时延。 先把 H 线从系统电源的火线 L断开, 此时电机继续运行, 然后当事先确定好的停机时 延结束后,比如 120秒,把 SF+N4+N2从 24VAC断开。让电机控制器获取 SF/N4/N2 与 H在停机阶段分别断开的时间差, 就是制热的停机延时时间, 并把表 1对应 N4和 N2的 t2更改为这个值。
学习连续风扇延时,把引线 SF+N5+N4+N3+N2+N1同时接到恒温器 THERMOSTAT 的 24VAC, 然后采用类似以上的步骤学习, 并更改表 1对应 N1的 t l和 t2值。 但是在许多应用里面, 连续风扇无需延时, 此时连续风扇延时的学习过程可跳 过。
学习结束, 断开 SF线和 H线并确定正常连线, 下次开机就载入表 1控制电 机即可。
当电源部分设置为 230VAC的空气处理机应用场合时, 此时电机控制器选中 表 2, 假设用户已确定要把 N5和 N3连到恒温器的制冷信号输出端口, 把 N4和 N2连到恒温器的制热信号输出端口,把 N1接到恒温器的连续风扇模式信号输出 端口。
进入学习时延的模式: 同以上 115VAC设置下的步骤, 只是接通 SF和 H线 的时机要根据实际需要的制冷制热的时延来决定。 并将启动延时时间和停止延 时时间记录在表 2。表 2的预设值可以作为参考。 学习完后, 表 2的值就被学习 来的 t l和 t2值修改。
本发明通过软件编程的方式建立若干个档位对应的延时时间表, 解决 ECM 电机在 HVAC系统中延时动作问题, 灵活方便。
实施例二: 如图 1至图 12所示, 本发明是一种 HVAC系统, 所述的 HVAC系 统用 ECM电机替换原来的 PSC风机电机, 所述的 HVAC系统包括恒温器
THERMOSTAT, HVAC系统控制器, 其中:
所述的 ECM电机包括电机控制器 2和电机 1,电机控制器 2驱动电机 1运行, 所述的电机控制器 2包括控制盒 21和安装在控制盒 21里面的控制线路板 22, 控制线路板 22上集成有微处理器、 逆变电路、 档位检测电路、 存储器和电源部 分, 电源部分连接外部交流电源输入, 电源部分的输出端为各部分电路供电, 档位检测电路连接若干路档位输入线;
所述的恒温器 THERMOSTAT具有两 24V交流电源输入端 (R、 C)、 至少一个 制冷信号输出端口和至少一个制热信号输出端口和一个连续风扇模式信号输出 端口 G, 其中制冷信号输出端口和制热信号输出端口可输出 24V交流信号, 连续 风扇模式信号输出端口 G可输出 24V交流信号, 恒温器 THERMOSTAT将制热信号 输出端口,制冷信号输出端口和连续风扇端口连接到 HVAC系统控制器的信号输 入端;
制热信号输出端口、 制冷信号输出端口和连续风扇模式信号输出端口 G分 别连接到电机控制器的一路档位输入线, 制热信号输出端口、 制热信号输出端 口和连续风扇模式信号输出端口 G中可以只有一个端口或者多个端口被选定处 于导通状态输出 24V交流信号, 其余各端口被选定处于断开状态没有电, 档位 检测电路包括若干个电流传感单元, 每路档位输入线分别连接一个电流传感单 元, 电流传感单元的输出端连接微处理器的输入端, 微处理器根据检测到的各 路档位输入线通电状态信号选择电机的运行参数, 并控制电机按选择的运行参 数运行;
当微处理器接收到某一路档位输入线的 24V低压交流启动信号时, 微处理 器要延时一段的启动延时时间 tl才启动电机, 当该路档位输入线由 24V低压交 流变为 0V停止信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的关停延时时间 t2才关停电机, 启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2存储在存储器里面。
所有档位输入线对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。存储器里面存 储有若干个延时时间表, 每个延时时间表对应若干路档位输入线设置启动延时 时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,微处理器根据用户选择某个延时时间表来控制电机 运行。 微处理器根据跳线方式或者拨码盘方式获取的信号来选择延时时间表来 运行电机。 微处理器带有延时学习模式, 微处理器通过检测恒温器 THERMOSTAT 发出制冷或者制热信号, 并同时检测 HVAC系统电源信号到电机端口 H来获取启 动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2, 并自动存储在当前选中的延时时间表里面, 微处理器选择缺省延时时间表来运行电机。 微处理器还连接一串行通信单元, 微处理器通过串行通信单元对外建立通信连接, 并形成串行通信端口, 用户可 以利用串行通信端口重新改写存储器当前选中的延时时间表来运行电机。 制热 信号输出端口有 2个, 分别为 W1端口和 W2端口, 制冷信号输出端口有 2个, 分别为 Yl端口和 Y2端口。 电源部分包括倍压转换装置, 通过在电源设置端口 接插端子接通或者断开倍压转换装置, 使倍压转换装置处于一倍压或者二倍压 的运行状态, 微处理器根据电源部分处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态来选择 延时时间表来运行电机。
当电源部分设置为 115VAC的燃气炉应用场合时, 电机对制冷、 制热和连续 风扇模式的判定逻辑: 通过查询延时时间表调试得到恒温器 THERMOSTAT的输出 端对应若干路档位输入线, 在电源线火线施加一个环形电流传感器, 并把信号 接到 ECM电机控制器的微处理器, 用来给电机控制器提供监视引风机起停的功 能, 在燃气炉出风口安装一个空气气温传感器并把它接通电机控制器的微处理 器, 给电机控制器提供监视出风口气温的功能, 这样可以利用微处理器带有延 时学习模式来测量档位输入线对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,并可 以在某些失效模式下绕开系统控制器, 让 ECM电机启动。
当电源部分设置为 115VAC的燃气炉应用场合时, 电机对制冷、 制热和连续 风扇模式的判定逻辑: 由于实际接线时, 每个档位输入线都可以接恒温器的制 冷信号输出端口, 或者制热信号输出端口, 或者连续风扇模式信号输出端口, 电机可以通过以下方法来判定到底哪个档位输入线接到恒温器的哪个信号输出 端口。 经过学习时延或者串口编程过程后, 电机控制器查询当前选中的时延时 间表的值。 在所有 5个档位中, 启动和停机延时最短的档位判定为接到恒温器 的连续风扇模式信号输出端口。 启动和停机延时最长的档位接到恒温器的制热 信号输出端口。 中间的延时对应的档位判定为接到恒温器的制冷信号输出端口。
对 115VAC燃气炉应用时的恒温器模式判定对下面的外接传感器有至关重要 的意义。 电机必须解读哪个档位接到了恒温器的制热信号输出端口, 才能对这 个档位采用外接传感器的逻辑控制。
对引风机 ( Induced draft Blower) 或者燃烧器风机 (Oil Burner Motor) 的电源线火线 L或者零线施加一个环形电流传感器, 并把信号接到 ECM电机控 制器, 用来给电机控制器提供监视引风机起停的功能。 在燃气炉出风口安装一个空气气温传感器并把它接通电机控制器的微处理 器, 给电机控制器提供监视出风口气温的功能。
在燃气炉应用中, 在没有任何恒温器信号启动电机时, 燃气炉主控板可能 会因为某种出错状态需要启动电机。 这些出错状态包括:
当没有制热信号时, 出现火焰。 此时鼓风电机和引风机应同时启动保持热 交换器的温度不致于过高;
当高温传感器 (limit switch) 因为热交换器温度过高而开路时, 此时鼓 风电机应该运行, 使得热交换器的温度不致过高;
火焰偏离燃烧器(burner)导致燃烧器温度传感器过热断开(Rollout Switch Open), 此时鼓风电机和引风机应同时启动保持热交换器的温度不致于过高; 有了环形电流传感器和出风口气温传感器, 电机就可以在出现以上错误的 状态下, 不依赖燃气炉主控板来启动。 控制逻辑如下:
逻辑 1 : (当制热信号没有接通时) 和(ECM鼓风电机没用运行时) 和(检 测到引风机运行时), ECM鼓风电机以最高档 N5启动; 当进入逻辑 1的状态后, 一旦引风机停机, 则 ECM鼓风电机保持运行并开始停机延时, 并在延时结束后 停机。
逻辑 2 : 当出风口气温超过 170 °F时, 启动鼓风电机并以最高档 N5运行。 当出风口气温低于 150 °F时, 鼓风电机停机。
在燃气炉制热应用中, 在某些点火失败的情况下, HVAC系统控制器会在连 续几次点火尝试失败后进入一段时间的锁定阶段 (Lock-out period)。 此时, 为了防止鼓风机持续把冷风送入房间, 需要电机在这种情况下停止运行, 其控 制逻辑如下:
逻辑 3: (当制热信号接通时) 和 (检测到引风机停机) 和 (ECM鼓风电机 正在运行), ECM鼓风电机保持运行并开始停机延时, 并在延时结束后停机。
对于某些具备两档气阀的燃气炉与一个一档制热的恒温器连接时, 燃气炉 主控板往往会提供一个码盘开关, 在一档和二档制热之间选择一个模式。 一旦 选择了二档制热, 鼓风电机需要一个额外的控制逻辑。 因为电机在这里绕过了 电机控制器, 需要提供一个机制来选择这个制热档位。 可通过在设置电机的电 源部分为 115VAC, 把 H线接通系统电源来选择二档制热, 不接表示选择一档制 扭、、、。
该逻辑如下:
逻辑 4: (电机电源部分设置为 115VAC时) 和(Η线不接通电源时)和(SF 线未接通电压时) 和 (电机 5个档位中被判定为接 η或 W2恒温器的任意一个 档位接通时), 电机在启动延时结束后以接通的 W1或者 W2档位运行。
逻辑 5 : (电机电源部分设置为 115VAC时) 和(Η线接通系统电源火线时) 和 (SF线未接通电压时) 和 (电机 5个档位中被判定为接 W1或 W2恒温器的任 意一个档位接通时), 电机在启动延时结束后以低档 W1力矩运行 5分钟, 然后 切换到高档 W2力矩运行。如果在 5分钟切换延时结束前,恒温器就终止了制热, 电机以 低档维持运行直到停机延时结束; 如果在 5分钟切换延时后的某个时 刻, 恒温器终止了制热, 电机以 W2高档维持运行直到停机延时结束。
从 N1到 Ν5档位, 当一个档位同时接通 PWM和 24VAC信号时, 以 PWM代表 的力矩为优先。 当两个或以上档位同时接通 PWM或者 24VAC信号时, 以接通的 最高档位来运行电机, 不管这个档位接通的是 PWM还是 24VAC信号。 这种设计 满足某些应用中, 需要制冷和制热时达到同样的风量 /转速。 此时, 假如 Ν5接 恒温器的 Υ2 (高速制冷), Ν4接恒温器的 W2 , 假如需要在制冷和制热时达到同 样的风量, 可在 Ν4上外接一个 PWM发生器, 该 PWM发生器的 24V电源接到恒温 器的制冷信号输出端口 Υ或者制热信号输出端口 W,把力矩 /转速调节到 Ν5—致。
在需要制冷和制热时达到同样的风量 /转速时, 除上述描述的方法, ECM电 机还可以在经过自动力矩校正后, 把 SF+N5+N4+N1同时接通 24VAC, 改 Ν4的力 矩等于 Ν5 (Ν5是自动校正后的最大力矩), 然后 Ν5接恒温器的制冷信号输出端 口 Υ, Ν4接恒温器的制热信号输出端口 I比如把 SF+N4+N3+N1同时接通 24VAC, 把 Ν3的力矩改为等同 Ν4 (Ν4是自动校正后的第二大力矩)。 也就是说, 需要哪 两个档位的力矩相同, 就在自动力矩校正后把这两个档位与 SF和 N1同时接通 24VAC, 让低一档的力矩改为等同于高一档的力矩。 注意, 此时 N1的力矩不受 影响, 依然是自动力矩校正后的值。
图 11是本发明在延时学习模式下的一种连线图, 微处理器通过检测第一延 时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H的开关信号的时间差来获取每根档位 输入线对应启动延时时间 t l和关停延时时间 t2。上述所述的开关信号可以是恒 温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号或者是 HVAC系统的电源信号。 图中第一 延时学习功能线 SF连接恒温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号, 第二延时学 习功能线 H连接 HVAC系统的电源信号 (115VAC或者 230VAC) , 当人工设置延时 时间时, 第一延时学习功能线 SF按上述的连接, 然后调试工作人员根据原厂说 明书或者经验数值的延时时间, 利用秒表计时器 (可以是手机) 计时, 当某档 位线学习延时时, 达到预定延时时间, 接通或拔出第二延时学习功能线 H, 微处 理器就知道某档位输入线设置启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。当延时学习 模式完成后, 各档位输入线的启动延时时间 t l和关停延时时间 t2就在当前选 中的延时时间表完成更新。 如图 12所示, 实际工作中, 第一延时学习功能线 SF 和第二延时学习功能线 H是断开悬空, 不再连接恒温器 THERMOSTAT或者 HVAC 系统电源, 微处理器按照设定好的当前选中的延时时间表来控制 ECM风机电机。
如图 13所示, 调试工作人员也可以自带开关电源来完成延时学习, 调试工 作人员根据原厂说明书或者经验确定每根档位输入线的延时时间, 微处理器通 过检测第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H的开关信号, 来获得各 档位输入线设置启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,开关信号由开关电源来提 供, SF线与各档位线配合接线, H线的打开或者关闭的时间差作为启动时间 tl 和关停时间 t2, 当延时学习模式完成后, 各档位输入线的启动延时时间 t l和关 停延时时间 t2就在当前选中的延时时间表完成更新。 实际工作中, 第一延时学 习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H是断开悬空, 不再连接开关电源, 微处理 器按照设定好的当前选中的延时时间表来控制 ECM风机电机。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种 ECM电机 , 包括电机和电机控制器, 电机控制器包括控制盒和安 装在控制盒里面的控制线路板, 控制线路板上集成有微处理器、 逆变电路、 档 位检测电路、 存储器和电源部分, 电源部分连接外部交流电源输入, 电源部分 的输出端为各部分电路供电, 档位检测电路连接若干路档位输入线, 档位输入 线既可以只有一路也可以多路被选定处于导通状态, 其余各路被选定处于断开 状态没有电, 档位检测电路包括若干块电流传感单元, 每路档位输入线分别连 接一块电流传感单元的输入端, 电流传感单元的输出端连接微处理器的输入端, 微处理器根据检测到的各路档位输入线通电状态信号选择电机的运行参数, 并 控制电机按选择的运行参数运行, 电流传感单元检测若干路档位输入线的低压 交流信号, 其特征在于: 当微处理器接收到某一路档位输入线的低压交流启动 信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的启动时间 tl才启动电机, 当该路档位输入线由 低压交流变为 0V停止信号时, 微处理器要延时一段的关停时间 t2才关停电机, 启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2存储在存储器里面。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 所有档位输入线 对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 存储器里面存储 有若干个延时时间表, 每个延时时间表对应所有档位输入线设置启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2, 微处理器根据某种预先设置的机制选择其中一个延时时 间表来控制电机运行, 并且当前选中的延时时间表可以被延时学习或者串行通 信的方法来修改。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 微处理器根据跳 线方式或者拨码盘方式获取的信号来选择延时时间表来运行电机。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 所述的微处理器 还连接一串行通信单元, 微处理器通过串行通信单元对外建立通信连接, 并形 成串行通信端口, 用户可以利用串行通信端口重新改写已经选好的延时时间表。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 所述的电源部分 包括倍压转换装置, 通过在电源设置端口接插端子接通或者断开倍压转换装置, 使倍压转换装置处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态, 微处理器根据电源部分处 于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态来选择延时时间表来运行电机。
7、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 上述微处理器还 连接有第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H, 第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H通过 A/D转换连接到微处理器,在延时学习模式下, 通过人工的设置给第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H依次输入或 断开开关信号, 微处理器通过检测第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能 线 H的开关信号的时间差来获取每根档位输入线对应启动延时时间 t l和关停延 时时间 t2。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 开关信号可以是 恒温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号或者是 HVAC系统的电源信号。
9 、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的一种 ECM电机 , 其特征在于: 微 处理器还连接有环形电流传感器和空气气温传感器, 当 ECM电机安装在燃气炉 时, 环形电流传感器把信号通过模数转换后接到微处理器, 用来给电机控制器 提供监视引风机起停的功能, 在燃气炉出风口安装一个空气气温传感器, 空气 气温传感器通过模数转换后接通微处理器, 给电机控制器提供监视出风口气温 的功能。
10、 一种应用权利要求 1至 9所述的 ECM电机 的 HVAC系统, 所述的 HVAC 系统用 ECM电机替换原来的 PSC风机电机, 所述的 HVAC系统包括恒温器
THERMOSTAT, HVAC系统控制器, 其中:
所述的 ECM电机包括电机控制器和电机, 电机控制器驱动电机运行, 所述的 电机控制器包括控制盒和安装在控制盒里面的控制线路板, 控制线路板上集成 有微处理器、 逆变电路、 档位检测电路、 存储器和电源部分, 电源部分连接外 部交流电源输入, 电源部分的输出端为各部分电路供电, 档位检测电路连接若 干路档位输入线;
所述的恒温器 THERMOSTAT具有两 24V交流电源输入端 (R、 C)、 至少一个 制冷信号输出端口和至少一个制热信号输出端口和一个连续风扇模式信号输出 端口 G, 其中制冷信号输出端口和制热信号输出端口可输出 24V交流信号, 连续 风扇模式信号输出端口 G可输出 24V交流信号, 恒温器 THERMOSTAT将制热信号 输出端口, 制冷信号输出端口和连续风扇输出端口连接到 HVAC系统控制器的信 号输入端;
制热信号输出端口、 制冷信号输出端口和连续风扇模式信号输出端口 G分 别连接到电机控制器的一路档位输入线, 制热信号输出端口、 制热信号输出端 口和连续风扇模式信号输出端口中可以只有一个端口被选定处于导通状态输出 24V交流信号, 也可以有两个或多个端口处于导通状态输出 24V交流信号,比如 双速制冷模式下的高速制冷, 就是恒温器的 Yl, Υ2和 G输出端口同时导通 24V 交流信号, 其余各端口被选定处于断开状态没有电, 档位检测电路包括若干个 电流传感单元, 每路档位输入线分别连接一个电流传感单元, 电流传感芯片的 输出端连接微处理器的输入端, 微处理器根据检测到的各路档位输入线通电状 态信号选择电机的运行参数, 并控制电机按选择的运行参数运行;
其特征在于: 当微处理器接收到某一路档位输入线的 24V低压交流启动信号 时, 微处理器要延时一段的启动延时时间 tl才启动电机, 当该路档位输入线由 24V低压交流变为 0V停止信号时,微处理器要延时一段的关停延时时间 t2才关 停电机, 启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2存储在存储器里面。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的一种 HVAC系统, 其特征在于: 所有档位输入 线对应有启动延时时间 tl和关停延时时间 t2。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的一种 HVAC系统, 其特征在于: 存储器里面存 储有若干个延时时间表, 每个延时时间表对应所有档位输入线设置启动延时时 间 tl和关停延时时间 t2,微处理器根据某种预先设置的机制选择其中一个延时 时间表来控制电机运行, 并且当前选中的延时时间表可以被延时学习或者串行 通信的方法来修改。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的一种 HVAC系统, 其特征在于: 微处理器根据 跳线方式或者拨码盘方式获取的信号来选择延时时间表来运行电机。
14、 根据权利要求 12所述的一种 HVAC系统, 其特征在于: 所述的微处理 器还连接一串行通信单元, 微处理器通过串行通信单元对外建立通信连接, 并 形成串行通信端口, 用户可以利用串行通信端口重新改写存储器当前选中的延 时时间表来运行电机。
15、 根据权利要求 12所述的一种 HVAC系统, 其特征在于: 制热信号输出 端口有 2个, 分别为 W1端口和 W2端口, 制冷信号输出端口有 2个, 分别为 Y1 端口和 Y2端口。
16、 根据权利要求 12所述的一种 HVAC系统, 其特征在于: 所述的电源部 分包括倍压转换装置, 通过在电源设置端口接插端子接通或者断开倍压转换装 置, 使倍压转换装置处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态, 微处理器根据电源部 分处于一倍压或者二倍压的运行状态来选择延时时间表来运行电机。
17、 根据权利要求 12所述的一种 HVAC系统 , 其特征在于: 上述微处理器 还连接有第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H, 第一延时学习功能 线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H通过 A/D转换连接到微处理器, 在延时学习模式 下, 通过人工的设置给第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习功能线 H依次输 入或断开开关信号, 微处理器通过检测第一延时学习功能线 SF和第二延时学习 功能线 H的开关信号的时间差来获取每根档位输入线对应启动延时时间 t l和关 停延时时间 t2。 A/D转换可以是光耦隔离电路或者霍尔电流传感电路。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的一种 HVAC系统 , 其特征在于: 开关信号可以 是恒温器 THERMOSTAT输出的 24V交流信号或者是 HVAC系统的电源信号。
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