WO2015131300A1 - 量化信道状态信息的方法与装置 - Google Patents

量化信道状态信息的方法与装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015131300A1
WO2015131300A1 PCT/CN2014/000205 CN2014000205W WO2015131300A1 WO 2015131300 A1 WO2015131300 A1 WO 2015131300A1 CN 2014000205 W CN2014000205 W CN 2014000205W WO 2015131300 A1 WO2015131300 A1 WO 2015131300A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
codebook
horizontal
vertical
precoder
antenna port
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PCT/CN2014/000205
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李迅
罗庆霖
杨涛
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上海贝尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海贝尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海贝尔股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/000205 priority Critical patent/WO2015131300A1/zh
Priority to JP2016572864A priority patent/JP2017509280A/ja
Priority to EP14884989.6A priority patent/EP3116280A4/en
Priority to KR1020167027200A priority patent/KR101849486B1/ko
Priority to CN201480075817.3A priority patent/CN106031280B/zh
Priority to US15/123,727 priority patent/US10256884B2/en
Publication of WO2015131300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015131300A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/0478—Special codebook structures directed to feedback optimisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/0478—Special codebook structures directed to feedback optimisation
    • H04B7/0479—Special codebook structures directed to feedback optimisation for multi-dimensional arrays, e.g. horizontal or vertical pre-distortion matrix index [PMI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for wireless communication, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for quantifying channel state information in a wireless communication system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution/Long Term Evolution
  • the base station assembles a linear antenna array that determines the horizontal distribution of energy from the user equipment and forms a horizontal beam that points in one direction.
  • the vertical direction of energy control what can be achieved at present is only to tilt the antenna array physically down to a small angle to concentrate more energy on the serving cell and reduce interference to neighboring cells. This downtilt angle is semi-statically adjusted by the higher layers of the base stations within the cell to accommodate changes in the overall coverage requirements.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an effective quantization scheme for channel state information of an antenna array, which further improves the performance of the LTE/LTE-A system.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of quantizing channel state information, which can be implemented on a base station side.
  • the method includes: an antenna configuration of a broadcast base station to a user equipment, where the antenna configuration includes a vertical direction antenna port and a horizontal direction antenna port; transmitting a reference signal to the user equipment; receiving a vertical preamble corresponding to the vertical direction antenna port fed back by the user equipment An encoder and a horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal antenna port; and based on the received vertical precoder and horizontal precoder, using a vertical codebook corresponding to the vertical antenna port and a level corresponding to the horizontal antenna port The codebook reconstructs the precoder.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method of quantizing channel state information, which can be implemented on a user equipment side.
  • the method includes: receiving an antenna configuration of a base station, where the antenna configuration includes a vertical antenna port and a horizontal antenna port; selecting a vertical codebook applied to the vertical antenna port and a horizontal codebook applied to the horizontal antenna port; Selecting a vertical codebook and a horizontal codebook to construct a combined codebook for the antenna configuration; receiving a reference signal, and estimating channel state information based on the received reference signal; selecting precoding from the combined codebook based on the estimated channel state information And a vertical precoder corresponding to the vertical antenna port and a horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal antenna port based on the selected precoder.
  • the reconstructed precoder comprises combining the vertical codebook and the horizontal codebook using a Kronecker product function.
  • the vertical codebook and the horizontal codebook are codebooks of the corresponding number of antenna ports specified in the standards 36.21 1 and 36.213.
  • the antenna configuration contains 8, 16, 32 or 64 antenna ports.
  • Constructing a combined codebook involves combining the vertical codebook and the horizontal codebook using a Kronecker product.
  • the choice of precoder is based on the principle of maximum capacity or maximum signal to noise ratio.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, including: a broadcaster, a transmitter, a receiver, and a reconstructor.
  • the broadcaster broadcasts the antenna configuration of the base station to the user equipment, the antenna configuration including a vertical antenna port and a horizontal antenna port.
  • the transmitter transmits a reference signal to the user equipment.
  • the receiver receives the vertical precoder corresponding to the vertical antenna port and the horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal antenna port fed back by the user equipment.
  • the reconstructor reconstructs the precoder based on the received vertical precoder and horizontal precoder using a vertical codebook corresponding to the vertical antenna port and a horizontal codebook corresponding to the horizontal antenna port.
  • a user equipment including a receiver, a codebook selector, a builder, an estimator, a precoder selector, and a feedback.
  • the receiver receives an antenna configuration of the base station, and the antenna configuration includes a vertical direction antenna port and a horizontal direction antenna port.
  • the codebook selector selects a vertical codebook applied to the vertical direction antenna port and a horizontal codebook applied to the horizontal direction antenna port.
  • the builder constructs a combined codebook for the antenna configuration using the selected vertical codebook and horizontal codebook.
  • the estimator receives the reference signal and estimates channel state information based on the received reference signal.
  • a precoder selector selects a precoder from the combined codebook based on the estimated channel state information.
  • the feedback device feeds back the vertical precoder corresponding to the vertical antenna port and the horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal antenna port based on the selected precoder.
  • the invention realizes the performance of the two-dimensional antenna array structure with a horizontal codebook on the basis of being fully compatible with the existing LTE/LTE-A standard. Moreover, the overhead required to feed back the precoder is small and has a low impact on system throughput. DRAWINGS
  • 1 is a flow chart of a method of quantizing channel state information, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for quantizing channel state information according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may implement the method in FIG.
  • One of the methods for implementing a dedicated vertical beam of a user equipment is to periodically transmit a cell-specific channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS, Channel State Information-Reference Signal) on all antenna ports, and use a user equipment corresponding to these CSI-RSs.
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • the channel state information report enables beamforming in the vertical direction.
  • the user equipment In the FDD Frequency Divisor Duplexing system, the user equipment has to feed back the Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) to the base station due to the frequency independence between the uplink and the downlink.
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
  • the codebooks in the existing LTE/LTE-A versions are optimized only for antennas applied horizontally, and the vertical domain (fie ld) channel performance is completely different from the horizontal domain.
  • the present invention leverages existing codebooks to minimize the impact on existing standards. While fully compatible with existing LTE/LTE-A systems, the method and apparatus for quantizing channel state information provided by the present invention effectively utilizes a linear array antenna array to implement a codebook having both vertical and horizontal characteristics, thereby further Improve the performance of LTE/LTE-A systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of quantizing channel state information, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flowchart is a system level demonstration that includes operations performed on the base station side and on the user equipment side.
  • step 10 the base station 40 broadcasts its antenna configuration to the user equipment 50, which includes a vertical antenna port and a horizontal antenna port.
  • This step 10 can optionally be performed during system initialization.
  • the user equipment 50 receives the antenna configuration sent by the base station 40. Based on the received antenna configuration, the user equipment 50 selects, in step 22, a vertical codebook applied to the vertical antenna port in the antenna configuration and a horizontal codebook applied to the horizontal antenna port, and uses the selected one in step 24.
  • the vertical codebook and the horizontal codebook construct a combined codebook for the antenna configuration.
  • base station 40 transmits a reference signal to the user equipment 50.
  • step 26 a reference signal is received, and channel state information is estimated based on the received reference signal.
  • step 28 the user equipment 50 selects a precoder from the combined codebook based on the estimated channel state information, which may be represented as a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI).
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
  • step 30 based on the selected precoder, the user equipment 50 feeds back the corresponding response to the base station 40.
  • the base station 40 receives the vertical precoder corresponding to the vertical direction antenna port fed back by the user equipment 50 and the horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal direction antenna port. Then in step 16, based on the received vertical precoder and horizontal precoder, the precoder is reconstructed using a vertical codebook corresponding to the vertical antenna port and a horizontal codebook corresponding to the horizontal antenna port. Thus, in step 18, the base station 40 can perform precoding processing using the precoder to quantize the channel state information.
  • the reference signal may be included in the information sent by the base station 40 to the user equipment 50 without being sent specifically; thus, it is not necessarily after the user equipment 50 constructs the combined codebook. Only delivered and received.
  • W represents the combined precoder.
  • W kron ⁇ W v , W A ⁇ (2)
  • kron ⁇ denotes the Kronecker product function
  • W ⁇ BW h denotes a precoder for the vertical antenna port and the horizontal antenna port, respectively.
  • W v selected number of antenna ports associated with the vertical perpendicular codebook, W h and the selected number of antenna ports associated with the horizontal level codebook, the codebook vertical and horizontal are conventional codebook Third Generation Partnership Project ( 3GPP, 3rd Generation Partnership Project) has been specified in standards 36.211 and 36.213.
  • W denotes the codebooks already specified in the standards 36 ⁇ 211 and 36 ⁇ 213.
  • the invention can be extended to other antenna port numbers, such as 16, 32, 64, and the like.
  • Tables 2, 3, and 4 list their combined precoders for antenna port numbers 16, 32, 64, respectively, where W" represents the codebooks already specified in standards 36.211 and 36.213. Those skilled in the art can based on these contents. More analogy extensions.
  • the user equipment 50 needs to feed back the vertical precoder selected in the vertical codebook and the horizontal codebook respectively.
  • ⁇ « and horizontal precoder PMI h .
  • the codeword selected by the user equipment 50 from the combined codebook is expressed as:
  • V ⁇ PMI v , PMI h ) kron ⁇ W V (PMI v ) , W h (PMI h ) ⁇ ( 3 )
  • the combined codeword is a two-dimensional codeword containing vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the user equipment 50 can follow certain rules when selecting a codeword, such as a maximum capacity principle or a maximum signal to noise ratio principle, which can be expressed as:
  • the size ⁇ CB ⁇ function returns the size of the corresponding codebook, and the codebook is obtained as listed in the above table.
  • User equipment 50 feeds back the selected precoder to base station 40.
  • the base station 40 further selects a vertical precoder and a horizontal precoder from the corresponding vertical codebook and the horizontal codebook, and then calculates a combined precoder for precoding according to a certain rule, such as a Kronecker product function. deal with.
  • the rank 1 codebook can be expressed as follows
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide means for quantizing channel state information, such as base station 40 and user equipment 50.
  • 2 is a block diagram showing a structure of a system for quantizing channel state information according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may implement the method of FIG.
  • base station 40 includes: a broadcaster 42, a transmitter 44, a receiver 46, and a reconstructor 48.
  • the broadcaster 42 broadcasts the antenna configuration of the base station 40 to the user equipment 50, the antenna configuration including the vertical antenna port and Horizontal antenna port.
  • Transmitter 44 transmits a reference signal to the user equipment 50.
  • the receiver 46 receives the vertical precoder corresponding to the vertical direction antenna port fed back by the user equipment 50 and the horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal direction antenna port.
  • the reconstructor 48 reconstructs the precoder based on the received vertical precoder and horizontal precoder using a vertical codebook corresponding to the vertical antenna port and a horizontal codebook corresponding to the horizontal antenna port.
  • the user equipment 50 includes a receiver 52, a codebook selector 54, a builder 56, an estimator 58, a precoder selector 60, and a feedback 62.
  • Receiver 52 receives the antenna configuration of base station 40.
  • the codebook selector 54 selects a vertical codebook applied to the vertical antenna port and a horizontal codebook applied to the horizontal antenna port.
  • the builder 56 constructs a combined codebook for the antenna configuration using the selected vertical codebook and horizontal codebook.
  • the estimator 58 receives the reference signal and estimates channel state information based on the received reference signal.
  • Precoder selector 60 selects the precoder from the combined codebook based on the estimated channel state information.
  • the feedback unit 62 feeds back a vertical precoder corresponding to the vertical direction antenna port and a horizontal precoder corresponding to the horizontal antenna port based on the selected precoder.
  • the method and apparatus for quantizing channel state information of the present invention can save a lot of feedback overhead compared to the existing codebook, for example, saving 25°/ for 8 antenna ports. Overhead, and more antenna ports such as 16, 32 can save more.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明是关于量化信道状态信息的方法与装置。根据本发明的一实施例，一量化信道状态信息的方法，其可在基站侧实施。该方法包含：广播基站的天线配置至用户设备，该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方向天线端口；发送参考信号至该用户设备；接收该用户设备反馈的对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器；及基于所接收的垂直预编码器及水平预编码器，使用对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平码本重构预编码器。

Description

量化信道状态信息的方法与装置
技术领域
本发明是关于无线通信的方法与装置， 尤其是关于量化无线通信系统中信道状态信 息的方法与装置。
背景技术
鉴于长期演进 /长期演进 -高级（LTE/LTE-A, Long Term Evolut ion Advanced)系统 的进一步完善和性能提升需求， 业内希望可以增加对垂直方向天线端口的控制， 从而实 现更多种类的系统策略， 如用户设备专用垂直波束成形。
在目前的长期演进 /长期演进-高级系统中， 使用水平波束成形（beamforming)量化 信道状态信息的方法已被广泛应用。 具体的， 基站装配一线性天线阵列， 其可确定来自 用户设备的能量的水平分布并形成指向一个方向的水平波束。 然而， 在垂直方向的能量 控制上， 目前所能实现的仅是将天线阵列物理下倾小的角度， 以将能量更多的集中在服 务小区并降低对邻近小区的干扰。 这种下倾角度是由小区内的基站的更高层半静态调节 的， 以适应整个覆盖需求的变化。
可见， 上述的水平波束成形和小区专用下倾提升不能以用户专用方式在垂直方向上 动态控制。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种有效的天线阵列的信道状态信息的量化技术方案， 进一步提高 LTE/LTE-A系统的性能。
本发明的一实施例提供一量化信道状态信息的方法， 其可在基站侧实施。 该方法包 含： 广播基站的天线配置至用户设备， 该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方向天 线端口； 发送参考信号至该用户设备； 接收该用户设备反馈的对应该垂直方向天线端口 的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器； 及基于所接收的垂直预编 码器及水平预编码器， 使用对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及对应该水平方向天线 端口的水平码本重构预编码器。 本发明的另一实施例提供的一量化信道状态信息的方法， 其可在用户设备侧实施。 该方法包含： 接收基站的天线配置， 该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方向天线 端口； 选择应用于该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及应用于该水平方向天线端口的水平 码本； 使用所选择的垂直码本和水平码本为该天线配置构建组合码本； 接收参考信号， 并基于所接收的参考信号估计信道状态信息； 基于所估计的信道状态信息自该组合码本 选择预编码器； 及基于所选择的预编码器， 反馈对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码 器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。
在本发明的一实施例中， 重构预编码器包含使用克罗内克积函数将自该垂直码本及 水平码本组合在一起。 该垂直码本与水平码本是标准 36. 21 1及 36. 213规定的相应天线 端口数的码本。 该天线配置包含 8、 16、 32或 64个天线端口。 构建组合码本包含使用 克罗内克积函数将该垂直码本及水平码本组合在一起。 选择预编码器是基于最大容量原 则或最大信噪比原则。
本发明的一实施例还提供一基站， 其包含： 广播器、 发射器、 接收器， 及重构器。 广播器广播该基站的天线配置至用户设备， 该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方 向天线端口。 发射器发送参考信号至该用户设备。 接收器接收该用户设备反馈的对应该 垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。 重构器 基于所接收的垂直预编码器及水平预编码器， 使用对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本 及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平码本重构预编码器。
此外， 本发明的另一实施例提供一用户设备， 包含接收器、 码本选择器、 构建器、 估计器、 预编码器选择器， 及反馈器。 接收器接收基站的天线配置， 该天线配置包含垂 直方向天线端口与水平方向天线端口。 码本选择器选择应用于该垂直方向天线端口的垂 直码本及应用于该水平方向天线端口的水平码本。 构建器使用所选择的垂直码本和水平 码本为该天线配置构建组合码本。 估计器接收参考信号， 并基于所接收的参考信号估计 信道状态信息。 预编码器选择器基于所估计的信道状态信息自该组合码本选择预编码 器。 反馈器基于所选择的预编码器， 反馈对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对 应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。
本发明在完全兼容现有 LTE/LTE-A标准的基础上， 以水平码本实现了二维天线阵列 结构的性能。 而且在反馈预编码器时所需的开销较小， 对系统吞吐量影响低。 附图说明
图 1是根据本发明一实施例的量化信道状态信息的方法的流程图 图 2是根据本发明一实施例的量化信道状态信息的系统的结构示意图， 其可实施图 1中的方法
具体实施方式
为更好的理解本发明的精神， 以下结合本发明的部分优选实施例对其作进一步说 明。
实现用户设备专用垂直波束的方法之一是在所有天线端口上周期性的发送小区专 用信道状态信息参考信号 ( CSI-RS, Channel State Informat ion-Reference Signal ) ， 使用对应这些 CSI-RS的用户设备的信道状态信息报告实现垂直方向的波束成形。
而在频分双工 （FDD Frequency Divi s ion Duplexing) 系统中， 由于上行链路与下 行链路间的频率独立， 用户设备不得不向基站反馈预编码器 （PMI , Precoding Matrix Indicator ) 。 而现有的 LTE/LTE-A版本中的码本只是针对水平方向应用的天线进行优 化的， 且垂直域（fie ld)信道性能完全不同于水平域。
本发明则充分利用现有的码本， 最小化对现有标准的影响。 在与既有 LTE/LTE-A系 统的完全兼容的同时， 本发明所提供的量化信道状态信息的方法与装置有效的利用线性 排列天线阵列实现兼具垂直与水平方向特性的码本， 从而进一步提高 LTE/LTE-A系统的 性能。
图 1是根据本发明一实施例的量化信道状态信息的方法的流程图。 该流程图是系统 级的演示， 包含在基站侧及用户设备侧所分别执行的操作。
如图 1所示， 在基站侧， 在歩骤 10， 基站 40广播其天线配置至用户设备 50, 该天 线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方向天线端口。 该步骤 10可选择在系统初始化时 进行。
相应的， 在用户设备侧， 在步骤 20中， 用户设备 50会接收基站 40发送的该天线 配置。 基于所接收的天线配置， 用户设备 50会在步骤 22中选择应用于该天线配置中垂 直方向天线端口的垂直码本及应用于水平方向天线端口的水平码本， 并在步骤 24 中使 用所选择的垂直码本和水平码本为该天线配置构建组合码本。
在基站侧， 在步骤 12， 基站 40发送参考信号至该用户设备 50。
相应的， 在用户设备侧， 在步骤 26 中， 接收参考信号， 并基于所接收的参考信号 估计信道状态信息。 在歩骤 28中， 用户设备 50基于所估计的信道状态信息自该组合码 本选择预编码器（precoder)， 可表示为预编码矩阵索引 （ PMI, Precoding Matrix Indicator ) 。 在步骤 30中， 基于所选择的预编码器， 用户设备 50向基站 40反馈对应 该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。
在基站侧， 在步骤 14， 基站 40接收该用户设备 50反馈的对应该垂直方向天线端口 的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。 然后在步骤 16 中， 基于 所接收的垂直预编码器及水平预编码器， 使用对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及对 应该水平方向天线端口的水平码本重构预编码器。 如此， 在步骤 18中， 基站 40即可使 用该预编码器进行预编码处理， 实现对信道状态信息的量化。
上述流程图的步骤顺序仅是为清楚描述而言，并非是对执行顺序的必然限定。例如， 如本领域技术人员所熟知的， 该参考信号可包含在基站 40发送给用户设备 50的信息中 一并发送， 而无需专门发送； 因而其未必是在用户设备 50 构建完组合码本后才放送并 被接收。 以 8天线端口为例， 该基站 40可配置 Mv (Μν = {1，2，4，8})个垂直天线端口及 Mh (Mh= {1，2，4，8})个水平天线端口。 则水平预编码处理则表示为
y = HWs + n (1)
其中 s表示传输消息， H表示发射器与接收器之间的信道实现， n表示加性高 斯白噪声（AWGN， Additive White Gaussian Noise), 而 W则表示组合的预编码器。 W可 由下式得到
W = kron{Wv,WA} (2) 其中 kron{ 表示克罗内克积（Kronecker product)函数， W^B Wh分别表示用于垂直 天线端口和水平天线端口的预编码器。 Wv选自与垂直天线端口数相关的垂直码本， Wh而 选自与水平天线端口数相关的水平码本， 该垂直码本与水平码本都是现有第三代合作伙 伴计划（3GPP, 3rd Generation Partnership Project)标准 36.211及 36.213中已规定 的。 则针对不同的垂直天线端口数与水平天线端口数， 码本的选择在表 1中一一列出， 其中， W"表示在标准 36· 211及 36· 213中已规定的码本。 表 1 8天线端口 垂直天线端口数 水平天线端口数 组合的预编码器 W = kr0n{Wv，WA}
1 8 Wv =1;W¾ eW8
2 4 Wv e W2;Wh e W4
4 2 Wv e W4;Wh e W2
8 1 Wv eW8;W¾ =1 类似的， 本发明可扩展至其它的天线端口数， 如 16、 32、 64等。 表 2、 3、 4分别 针对天线端口数 16、 32、 64 列出了其组合预编码器， 其中 W"表示在标准 36.211 及 36.213中已规定的码本。 本领域技术人员可基于这些内容进行更多类推扩展。
表 2 16天线端口
Figure imgf000007_0001
在用户设备侧， 用户设备 50 需反馈在垂直码本和水平码本中分别所选择的垂直预 编码器？^« 和水平预编码器 PMIh。 则用户设备 50 自组合码本中选择的码字表示 为：
V^{PMIv,PMIh ) = kron { WV (PMIv ) , Wh (PMIh )} ( 3 ) 该组合的码字是一个包含垂直方向和水平方向的两维码字。
用户设备 50在选择码字时可遵循一定的规则， 如最大容量原则或最大信噪比原则， 具体可表示为：
(PMIv,PMIh)= argmax |HW( ,J)}
= argmax |H-kron WV (x), (^)||
(4) 其中 size{CB}函数返回对应的码本的大小， 该码本的获得如上述表格所列。 用户设备 50将所选择的预编码器反馈至基站 40。 基站 40再分别自对应的垂 直码本和水平码本中选择垂直预编码器和水平预编码器， 然后依一定的规则， 如 克罗内克积函数计算出组合的预编码器以进行预编码处理。
假设该 8天线端口的具体配置为 2个垂直天线端口、 4个水平天线端口， 则秩为 1 的垂直码本 ( Codebookvertical ) 可 下
Codebook
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0002
而秩为 1的水平码本 （Codebook ) 可表示如下
PML
Figure imgf000008_0003
PML
Codebook
Figure imgf000008_0004
PM
Figure imgf000008_0005
当则组合的码本 （Codebook ) 在 PMIv= l时可表示为 Codebookcombixed [PMIV = 1
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000009_0002
本发明的实施例还提供量化信道状态信息的装置， 如基站 40和用户设备 50。 图 2 是根据本发明一实施例的量化信道状态信息的系统的结构示意图， 其可实施图 1中的方 法。
如图 2所示， 基站 40包含： 广播器 42、 发射器 44、 接收器 46， 及重构器 48。 广 播器 42广播该基站 40的天线配置至用户设备 50，该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与 水平方向天线端口。发射器 44发送参考信号至该用户设备 50。接收器 46接收该用户设 备 50反馈的对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水 平预编码器。 重构器 48基于所接收的垂直预编码器及水平预编码器， 使用对应该垂直 方向天线端口的垂直码本及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平码本重构预编码器。
用户设备 50则包含接收器 52、 码本选择器 54、 构建器 56、 估计器 58、 预编码器 选择器 60， 及反馈器 62。 接收器 52接收基站 40的天线配置。 码本选择器 54选择应用 于该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及应用于该水平方向天线端口的水平码本。构建器 56 使用所选择的垂直码本和水平码本为该天线配置构建组合码本。 估计器 58接收参考信 号， 并基于所接收的参考信号估计信道状态信息。 预编码器选择器 60基于所估计的信 道状态信息自该组合码本选择预编码器。 反馈器 62 基于所选择的预编码器， 反馈对应 该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。
经仿真比较， 相较于现有的码本， 本发明的量化信道状态信息的方法与装置可节省 大量的反馈开销， 例如对 8天线端口而言可节约 25°/。的开销， 而对 16、 32等更多天线端 口则可节省更多。
需要指出的是， 由于技术的发展和标准的更新， 具有相同功能的部件往往具有多个 不同的称呼。 本发明专利申请书中所使用的技术名词是为解释和演示本发明的技术方 案， 应以其在本技术领域内所共识的功能为准， 而不能仅以名称的异同任意解读。 本发明的技术内容及技术特点已揭示如上， 然而熟悉本领域的技术人员仍可能基于 本发明的教示及揭示而作种种不背离本发明精神的替换及修饰。 因此， 本发明的保护范 围应不限于实施例所揭示的内容， 而应包括各种不背离本发明的替换及修饰， 并为本专 利申请权利要求书所涵盖。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种方法， 量化信道状态信息； 包含：
广播基站的天线配置至用户设备， 该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方 向天线端口；
发送参考信号至该用户设备；
接收该用户设备反馈的对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应该水平 方向天线端口的水平预编码器； 及
基于所接收的垂直预编码器及水平预编码器， 使用对应该垂直方向天线端口的 垂直码本及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平码本重构预编码器。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中所述重构预编码器包含使用克罗内克积函数将 自该垂直码本及水平码本组合在一起。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中该垂直码本与水平码本是标准 36.21 1及 36.213 规定的相应天线端口数的码本。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中该天线配置包含 8、 16、 32或 64个天线端口。
5、 一种方法， 量化信道状态信息； 包含：
接收基站的天线配置，该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方向天线端口； 选择应用于该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及应用于该水平方向天线端口的水 平码本；
使用所选择的垂直码本和水平码本为该天线配置构建组合码本；
接收参考信号， 并基于所接收的参考信号估计信道状态信息；
基于所估计的信道状态信息自该组合码本选择预编码器； 及
基于所选择的预编码器， 反馈对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对应 该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的方法，其中所述构建组合码本包含使用克罗内克积函数将 该垂直码本及水平码本组合在一起。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的方法， 其中该垂直码本与水平码本是标准 36.21 1及 36.213 规定的相应天线端口数的码本。
8、 如权利要求 5所述的方法， 其中选择预编码器是基于最大容量原则或最大信噪 比原则。
9、 如权利要求 5所述的方法， 其中该天线配置包含 8、 16、 32或 64个天线端口。
10、一种基站， 包含：
广播器， 广播该基站的天线配置至用户设备， 该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端 口与水平方向天线端口；
发射器， 发送参考信号至该用户设备；
接收器， 接收该用户设备反馈的对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码器及对 应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器； 及
重构器， 基于所接收的垂直预编码器及水平预编码器， 使用对应该垂直方向天 线端口的垂直码本及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平码本重构预编码器。
1 1、 如权利要求 10所述的基站， 其中所述重构器重构预编码器包含使用克罗内克 积函数将自该垂直码本及水平码本组合在一起。
12、 如权利要求 10 所述的基站， 其中该垂直码本与水平码本是标准 36.21 1 及 36.213规定的相应天线端口数的码本。
13、 一种用户设备， 包含：
接收器， 接收基站的天线配置， 该天线配置包含垂直方向天线端口与水平方向 天线端口；
码本选择器， 选择应用于该垂直方向天线端口的垂直码本及应用于该水平方向 天线端口的水平码本；
构建器， 使用所选择的垂直码本和水平码本为该天线配置构建组合码本； 估计器， 接收参考信号， 并基于所接收的参考信号估计信道状态信息； 预编码器选择器， 基于所估计的信道状态信息自该组合码本选择预编码器； 及 反馈器， 基于所选择的预编码器， 反馈对应该垂直方向天线端口的垂直预编码 器及对应该水平方向天线端口的水平预编码器。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的用户设备， 其中所述构建器构建组合码本包含使用克罗 内克积函数将该垂直码本及水平码本组合在一起。
15、 如权利要求 13 所述的用户设备， 其中该垂直码本与水平码本是标准 36. 211 及 36. 213规定的相应天线端口数的码本。
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