WO2015120579A1 - 数据发送方法及装置 - Google Patents

数据发送方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015120579A1
WO2015120579A1 PCT/CN2014/071979 CN2014071979W WO2015120579A1 WO 2015120579 A1 WO2015120579 A1 WO 2015120579A1 CN 2014071979 W CN2014071979 W CN 2014071979W WO 2015120579 A1 WO2015120579 A1 WO 2015120579A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication
frame
wireless communication
receiving
sending
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/071979
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
倪锐
刘亚林
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201480072368.7A priority Critical patent/CN105900516B/zh
Priority to JP2016547939A priority patent/JP6289650B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2014/071979 priority patent/WO2015120579A1/zh
Priority to EP14882187.9A priority patent/EP3091812B1/en
Publication of WO2015120579A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015120579A1/zh
Priority to US15/226,657 priority patent/US10244556B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/245—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/50—TPC being performed in particular situations at the moment of starting communication in a multiple access environment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless communication technology, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus. Background technique
  • WiFi Wireless Fidelity
  • Common WiFi wireless communication devices such as: smartphones, tablets, laptops, smart appliances, smart sensors, etc.
  • WiFi wireless communication devices When there are multiple WiFi wireless communication devices that need to communicate in the same wireless communication channel, these WiFi wireless communication devices will be based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism. , the right to use the wireless communication channel, the mechanism can be summarized as the first to listen, then wait, and finally send.
  • the specific process is that the WiFi wireless communication device first listens to the current wireless communication channel in a "communication channel idle” state or a "communication channel busy” state. If the current wireless communication channel is in the "communication channel idle” state, a random number N is generated, and then N time slot units are waited; if the current wireless communication channel is in the "communication channel busy” state, it remains silent.
  • the WiFi wireless communication device waits for the end of the N time slot unit, if the wireless communication channel is in the "communication channel idle” state, the data is immediately transmitted.
  • the WiFi wireless communication device when the WiFi wireless communication device is in a dense user scene such as an airport terminal, a school ladder, a convention center, a stadium, etc., the competition of the WiFi wireless communication device for the wireless communication channel is very intense. According to the CSMA/CA mechanism, once the WiFi wireless communication device detects that the wireless communication channel is in the "communication channel busy" state, it will remain silent, and frequent collisions and waitings cause most WiFi wireless communication devices to be silent, thereby enabling wireless communication. Channel utilization is inefficient and network throughput is much smaller than the theoretically designed peak rate. Summary of the invention
  • the invention provides a data transmission method and device, which overcomes the technical problem that the utilization efficiency of the wireless communication channel is low and the network throughput is not high.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a data transmitting method, including:
  • the transmitting device determines the busy state of the wireless communication channel and the communication state of the receiving device before sending the data to the receiving device, where the sending device is a wireless access node or the transmitting device is a station.
  • the receiving end device is a wireless access node or the receiving end device is a station;
  • the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device.
  • the sending end device determines a communication status of the receiving end device, including:
  • the transmitting device searches for a communication status table to determine a communication status of the receiving device, wherein the communication status table includes a communication pair that is communicating on the wireless communication channel.
  • the sending end device searches for a communication status table, and determines a communication status of the receiving end device, including: if the receiving end The device is recorded in the communication status table, and then determining that the receiving device is in a busy state of communication;
  • the method further includes:
  • the transmitting end device receives a communication frame sent by at least one of the wireless communication devices, wherein the at least one wireless communication device is a wireless access node or the at least one wireless communication device is a station;
  • the transmitting device maintains the communication state table according to the communication frame.
  • the communication frame includes identification information of the communication parties and a duration of occupying the wireless communication channel;
  • the communication frame, maintaining the communication status table includes: the sending end device determining, according to the identification information of the two communication parties, a communication pair that is performing communication on the wireless communication channel, and adding a correspondence relationship of the communication pair In the communication status table; And the transmitting end device deletes the correspondence relationship of the communication pair from the communication state table according to when the duration of occupying the wireless communication channel arrives.
  • a fifth implementation manner before the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device, Also includes:
  • the transmitting end device determines to receive a first received power of the first communication frame and a second received power of the second communication frame, and obtains a first transmit power from the first communication frame, from the second communication frame Obtaining an idle channel estimation threshold, where the first communication frame is a communication frame sent by the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device in the communication pair, and the second communication frame is a communication frame sent by the second wireless communication device to the first wireless communication device;
  • the transmitting device determines the transmit power required to transmit data according to the first path loss, the second path loss, and the idle channel estimation threshold.
  • the first communication frame is a request to send frame
  • the second communication frame is a clear transmission frame
  • the first communication frame is a transmission power control request frame
  • the second communication frame is a transmission power control report frame.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a transmitting device, including:
  • a determining module configured to: determine, before sending data to the receiving device, a busy state of the wireless communication channel and a communication state of the receiving device, where the sending device is a wireless access node or the sending device For the station, the receiving end device is a wireless access node or the receiving end device is a station;
  • a sending module configured to: if the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving end device is in a communication idle state, send data to the receiving end device.
  • the determining module is specifically configured to: A communication status table is determined to determine a communication status of the receiving device, wherein the communication status table includes a communication pair that is communicating on the wireless communication channel.
  • the determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the receiving end device is recorded in the communication status table, determining that the receiving end device is in a communication busy state;
  • the method further includes:
  • a receiving module configured to: before the determining module searches for a communication status table, receive a communication frame sent by at least one of the communication pair, wherein the at least one wireless communication device is a wireless access node or the at least One party wireless communication device is a site;
  • a maintenance module configured to: before the determining module searches for the communication status table, maintain the communication status table according to the communication frame.
  • the communication frame includes identification information of the communication parties and a duration of occupying the wireless communication channel; the maintenance module, specifically Used for:
  • the method includes:
  • the determining module is further configured to:
  • the receiving end device Before transmitting data to the receiving end device, determining to receive a first received power of the first communication frame and receiving a second received power of the second communication frame, and acquiring a first transmit power from the first communication frame, Obtaining a clear channel evaluation threshold in the second communication frame, where the first communication frame is a communication frame sent by the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device in the communication pair, and the second a communication frame is sent to the second wireless communication device of the communication pair a communication frame of the first wireless communication device;
  • the transmit power required to transmit data is determined based on the first path loss, the second path loss, and the idle channel estimation threshold.
  • the first communication frame is a request sending frame
  • the second communication frame is a clear sending frame
  • the first communication frame is a transmission power control request frame
  • the second communication frame is a transmission power control report frame.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a transmitting device, including:
  • a processor configured to: before sending data to the receiving device, determine a busy state of the wireless communication channel and a communication state of the receiving device, where the sending device is a wireless access node or the sending end The device is a site, and the receiving device is a wireless access node or the receiving device is a site;
  • a transmitter configured to: if the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving device is in a communication idle state, send data to the receiving device.
  • the processor is further configured to: search a communication status table, determine a communication status of the receiving end device, where the communication status table includes a current location A communication pair that communicates over a wireless communication channel.
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the method further includes:
  • a receiver configured to: receive the communication pair before the determining module searches for a communication status table a communication frame sent by at least one of the wireless communication devices, wherein the at least one wireless communication device is a wireless access node or the at least one wireless communication device is a station;
  • the processor is further configured to: before the determining module searches the communication status table, maintain the communication status table according to the communication frame.
  • the communication frame includes identification information of the communication parties and a duration of occupying the wireless communication channel; Used for:
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the receiving end device Before transmitting data to the receiving end device, determining to receive a first received power of the first communication frame and receiving a second received power of the second communication frame, and acquiring a first transmit power from the first communication frame, Obtaining a clear channel evaluation threshold in the second communication frame, where the first communication frame is a communication frame sent by the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device in the communication pair, and the second a communication frame is a communication frame sent by the second wireless communication device of the communication pair to the first wireless communication device;
  • the transmit power required to transmit data is determined based on the first path loss, the second path loss, and the idle channel estimation threshold.
  • the first communication frame is a request sending frame
  • the second communication frame is a clear sending frame
  • the first communication frame is a transmission power control request frame
  • the second communication frame is a transmission power control report frame.
  • the technical effect of the present invention is: by determining the busy state of the wireless communication channel and the receiving end
  • the communication status of the device determines whether to send data. Specifically, when the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving device is in a communication idle state, the transmitting device sends data to implement data transmission when the wireless communication channel is in a busy state.
  • the technical problem of the technical problem that the utilization efficiency of the wireless communication channel is low and the network throughput is not high.
  • Embodiment 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a data transmission method according to the present invention
  • Embodiment 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a data sending method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is another flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a data sending method according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of a data transmission method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a frame format of a request sending frame according to Embodiment 3 of a data sending method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a frame format of a transmission power control request frame according to Embodiment 3 of the data transmission method of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a frame format of clearing a transmission frame according to Embodiment 3 of the data transmission method of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a frame format of a transmission power control report frame according to Embodiment 3 of the data transmission method of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention
  • Embodiment 1 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a data sending method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 101 Before transmitting the data to the receiving device, the sending device determines the busy state of the wireless communication channel and the communication state of the receiving device, where the sending device is a wireless access node or the sending device is The station, the receiving end device is a wireless access node or the receiving end device is a station.
  • the wireless communication channel mentioned in this embodiment is a wireless frequency band shared by multiple wireless communication devices, instead of subdividing the entire wireless frequency band into several sub-channels, such as mobile phone wireless cellular communication, for communication used by the mobile phone. channel.
  • the communication status of the receiving device is whether the current receiving device is communicating with other wireless communication devices. If the current receiving device is communicating with other wireless communication devices, the communication status of the receiving device is busy, if current If the receiving device does not communicate with other wireless communication devices, the communication state of the receiving device is idle.
  • the transmitting device determines that the wireless communication channel is in a busy state
  • the transmitting device further determines the communication state of the receiving device, that is, further determines whether the receiving device is communicating with other wireless communication devices.
  • the busy state of the communication channel described in this embodiment corresponds to the busy channel state of the communication channel in the prior art, and the method for determining the busy state of the wireless communication channel is the same as the prior art. No longer.
  • the sender device may be a wireless access node (Access Point, AP for short) of a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks) network, or may be a station (Station, referred to as STA) (for example, a WiFi wireless network card is installed).
  • AP Access Point
  • STA station
  • the receiving device can be a wireless access node or a station.
  • the station is, for example, a smart phone with a WiFi wireless network card, a tablet with a WiFi wireless network card, a computer with a WiFi wireless network card, or a smart home with a WiFi wireless network card, a smart sensor, and the like.
  • the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device, where the wireless access node sends data to the station, the station may send data to the wireless access node, the station may send data to the station, or may be a wireless access node.
  • the data is sent to the wireless access node, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 102 If the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving device is in a communication idle state, Then, the transmitting device sends data to the receiving device.
  • the transmitting device determines that the wireless communication channel is in a busy state, and further determines that the receiving device does not communicate with other wireless communication devices, the transmitting device transmits the data. That is, the transmitting device can transmit data even if the wireless communication channel is in a busy state.
  • determining whether to send data by determining a busy state of the wireless communication channel and a communication state of the receiving device, specifically, when the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving device is in a communication idle state, the transmitting device sends data.
  • the data transmission when the wireless communication channel is in a busy state is realized, and the technical problem of the technical problem that the utilization efficiency of the wireless communication channel is low and the network throughput is not high is solved.
  • Embodiment 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a data sending method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 201 The transmitting device receives a communication frame sent by at least one of the communication partners that are communicating on the wireless communication channel.
  • the communication pair transmits a communication frame for establishing a connection in a broadcast form before the data transmission is performed. Since the communication frames are transmitted in the form of a broadcast, other wireless communication devices in the wireless communication channel can also receive These communication frames are made such that other wireless communication devices in the wireless communication channel are aware that a wireless communication device is to be occupied by the wireless communication channel for data transmission.
  • the communication frame in this embodiment includes identification information of both communication parties, for example, MAC of both communicating parties.
  • wireless communication devices in the wireless communication channel are capable of determining the communication two parties to be data transmitted through at least one communication frame.
  • Step 202 The sending end device maintains the communication status table according to the received communication frame.
  • the communication frame includes but is not limited to: identification information of both parties to the communication, and duration of occupying the wireless communication channel.
  • the other wireless communication devices in the wireless communication channel including the sender device in the embodiment, can know the communication parties that are to perform data transmission by using the identification information of the communication parties carried in the communication frame, such as the MAC address. Specifically, which two wireless communication devices.
  • the other wireless communication devices in the wireless communication channel, including the transmitting device in this embodiment can be known by the two wireless communication devices by using the duration of the communication channel carried in the communication frame. Occupancy time of the wireless communication channel.
  • the transmitting device dynamically maintains the communication state table based on the communication frame including the identification information of both parties and the duration of the wireless communication channel.
  • the step 202 includes a step 2021 and a step 2022, where: Step 2021: The sending end device determines, according to the identification information of the two communicating parties included in the communication frame, the communication pair that is performing communication on the wireless communication channel, and The correspondence of the communication pair is added to the communication status table.
  • the transmitting device When the transmitting device receives the communication frame, according to the identification information of the communication parties included in the communication frame, the correspondence relationship of the communication pair is added in the communication state table, that is, the identifiers of the two wireless devices that are communicating in the wireless communication channel.
  • the information corresponding to the addition to the communication status table.
  • Step 2022 The transmitting end device deletes the correspondence relationship of the communication pair from the communication state table according to the time length of the occupied wireless communication channel included in the communication frame.
  • the sending end device When the sending end device adds the correspondence relationship of the communication pair to the communication state table, it may further set a timer for the correspondence relationship of the communication pair according to the duration of the communication pair occupying the wireless communication channel, and set the time length to be used for wireless.
  • the duration of the communication channel when the timing ends, the correspondence of the communication pair is deleted from the communication status table.
  • the number of communication pairs in the communication status table may be zero or a positive integer.
  • the data frames transmitted between the communication pairs also have a timing duration that also occupies the wireless communication channel.
  • Step 203 The sending end device searches for a communication status table, and determines a communication status of the receiving end device, where the communication status table includes a communication pair that is performing communication on the wireless communication channel.
  • the transmitting device traverses the communication status table to check whether the receiving device is recorded in the communication status table. If the receiving device is recorded in the communication status table, it indicates that the receiving device is communicating with other communication devices, and is in a busy state for communication. If the receiving device is not recorded in the communication status table, it indicates that the receiving device is not communicating with other communication devices and is in an idle state.
  • Step 204 If the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving end device is in a communication idle state, the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device.
  • the sending end device queries the communication status table. If the receiving end device is recorded in the communication status table, it indicates that the receiving end device is communicating with other communication devices, and the transmitting end device does not send data to the receiving end device; If the end device is not recorded in the communication status table, it indicates The receiving device does not communicate with other communication devices. In the idle state of communication, the transmitting device transmits data to the receiving device.
  • the busy state of the wireless communication channel described in this embodiment corresponds to the busy channel state of the communication channel in the prior art, and the method for determining the busy state of the communication channel is the same as the prior art. Let me repeat. It should be noted that, when the sending end device is in the idle state of the communication channel, the sending end device does not need to query the communication state table, and may send data to the receiving end device by using any method in the prior art.
  • the sending device can learn the current communication state of the receiving device, and the state of the receiving device is more accurate, ensuring that the data sent by the transmitting device can be correctly received by the receiving device. receive.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the data sending method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that after the sending end device determines that data is to be sent to the receiving end device, it is further calculated to be suitable for sending. The power used by the data. Based on the foregoing embodiments, specifically, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 301 The source device receives the first communication frame sent by the first wireless communication device, determines to receive the first received power of the first communication frame, and obtains the first transmit power from the first communication frame, and the sending device receives the second. And a second communication frame sent by the wireless communication device, determining to receive the second received power of the second communication frame, and acquiring the idle channel estimation threshold from the second communication frame.
  • the transmitting device needs to receive the first communication frame and the second communication frame respectively sent by the communication parties.
  • the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device form a communication pair, the first wireless communication device transmits a first communication frame to the second wireless communication device with the first transmit power, and the second wireless communication device receives the first communication frame.
  • the first wireless communication device can acquire the first wireless communication device from the first communication frame, because the first transmit power used by the first wireless communication device to transmit the first communication frame is carried in the first communication frame.
  • the first transmit power used by the first communication frame is transmitted, and the second wireless communication device also transmits the second communication frame with the first transmit power.
  • the first communication frame includes a first transmit power used by the first wireless communication device to send the first communication frame, a second communication frame includes an idle channel estimation threshold, and the idle channel estimation threshold included in the second communication frame is The communication evaluates the threshold for the negotiated idle channel.
  • the idle channel assessment threshold is used to indicate the degree of tolerance of the wireless communication device to interfering signals in the wireless communication channel.
  • the first communication frame and the second communication frame may be distinguished by different methods, for example, the first communication frame carries the MAC address of the communication party, and the second communication frame only carries the MAC address of the first wireless communication device. Or in The identifier bits are set in the first communication frame and the second communication frame, and the first communication frame and the second communication frame are distinguished by different identifier bit values.
  • the transmitting device can receive the first communication frame and the second communication frame.
  • the transmitting device receives the first communication frame and the second communication frame respectively, and measures the received power used for receiving the first communication frame and the second communication frame, which are respectively referred to as the first received power and the second received power in this embodiment.
  • the receiving power used by the transmitting device to receive the first communication frame is the first receiving power
  • the receiving power used by the transmitting device to receive the second communication frame is the second receiving power.
  • the first transmission power may be acquired from the first communication frame and the idle channel estimation threshold is obtained from the second communication frame.
  • Step 302 The sending end device determines, according to the first receiving power and the first transmitting power, a first path loss between the transmitting end device and the first wireless communications device, and determines the sending end according to the second receiving power and the first transmitting power. The second path loss between the device and the second wireless communication device.
  • the difference between the first transmit power and the first received power is the first path loss, which represents the power lost by the first communication frame from being transmitted from the second wireless communication device to the transmitting device. Since the second wireless communication device transmits the second communication frame with the first transmit power, the difference between the first transmit power and the second received power is the second path loss, which represents the second communication frame from the second wireless communication device. The power lost to the transmitting device.
  • Step 303 The sending end device determines, according to the first path loss, the second path loss, and the idle channel evaluation threshold, the transmit power required to transmit the data.
  • the transmission power required to transmit data can be determined in the following manner.
  • the first path loss is recorded as PL-1
  • the second path loss is recorded as PL-2
  • the idle channel evaluation threshold is recorded as C1
  • the transmit power required to transmit data is recorded as P_limit.
  • P_limit MIN (PL-1, PL 2 ) + CI.
  • the calculated value of the P-limit is the value of the transmit power used by the transmitting device to transmit data.
  • the following code is used to determine the transmit power required to transmit data, TX_PL(n) corresponds to the first path loss, RX-PL(n) corresponds to the second path loss, C(n) and the idle channel evaluation threshold
  • n represents the nth pair of communication pairs.
  • the first communication frame can be a request to send frame (RTS, Ready To Send (hereinafter referred to as RTS frame), or the first communication frame may be a Transmission Power Control Request (TPC-Request, Transmit Power Control-Request, hereinafter referred to as TPC-Request frame); the second communication frame may be a clear transmission frame. (CTS, Clear To send, hereinafter referred to as CTS frame), or the second communication frame may be a Transmission Power Control Report (TPC-Report, Transmit Power Control-Report, hereinafter referred to as TPC-Report frame).
  • the RTS frame of this embodiment may adopt a frame format as shown in FIG. Including: Frame Control domain, Duration field, RA domain, TA domain, Tx power ( ⁇ Power) domain, CCA (Clear Channel Assessment) threshold (CCA Threshold) domain, FCS (Frame Check Sequence) field.
  • the RA field fills in the MAC address of the second wireless communication device
  • the TA field fills in the MAC address of the first wireless communication device
  • the Tx Power field fills in the first transmission power.
  • the RTS frame of this embodiment adds a Tx Power (Tx Power) domain and a CCA Threshold field.
  • the TPC-Request frame can adopt a frame format as shown in FIG. Includes:
  • TPC-Request frame carries the MAC address of the communication parties (not shown in the figure).
  • the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device are configured according to the prior art filling rules.
  • the MAC address is written to the corresponding domain, and is not mentioned here.
  • the TPC-Request frame of this embodiment adds a Tx power (Tx Power) field, CCA in the TPC Request element field.
  • the CTS frame can adopt a frame format as shown in FIG. Including: Frame Control domain, Duration field, RA domain, Tx Power domain, CCA Threshold domain, FCS domain.
  • the RA domain fills in the MAC address of the second wireless communication device, and the CCA Threshold fills in the idle channel estimation threshold.
  • the CTS frame of this embodiment adds a Tx Power (Tx Power) domain and a CCA Threshold field.
  • the TPC-Report frame can adopt a frame format as shown in FIG. Including: Category domain, Spectrum Management Action domain, Dialog Token domain, TPC Report element domain, Element ID field, Length field , Tx Power (Tx Power) domain, Link Margin domain, CCA Threshold domain, and Effective Time domain.
  • the CCA Threshold field fills in the idle channel estimation threshold.
  • the TPC-Report frame carries the MAC addresses of the two communicating parties (not shown in the figure).
  • the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device are configured according to the prior art filling rules.
  • the MAC address is written to the corresponding domain, and is not mentioned here.
  • the TPC-Report frame of this embodiment adds a Tx Power (Tx Power) field and a CCA Threshold (CCA Threshold) in the TPC Report element field. Domain and Effective Time field.
  • Tx Power Tx Power
  • CCA Threshold CCA Threshold
  • the second communication frame when the first communication frame is an RTS frame, the second communication frame is a CTS frame corresponding thereto; when the first communication frame is a TPC-Request frame, the second communication frame is a TPC corresponding thereto. -Report frame.
  • the transmitting device may obtain the first transmit power, the second transmit power, and the idle channel assessment threshold from the corresponding domain. Thereby, the transmission power required for the transmitting device to transmit data to the receiving device is calculated.
  • the process of the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device negotiating the idle channel estimation threshold is described by taking the first communication frame as the RTS frame and the second communication frame as the CTS frame as an example.
  • Step a the first wireless communication device uses the first transmission frequency, denoted as P1, and sends an RTS frame to the second wireless communication device, where P1 is carried in the Tx power domain of the RTS frame.
  • the first wireless communication device sets its reception threshold according to the empirical value, which is recorded as C1, where C1 is carried in the RTS frame. CCA threshold field.
  • MCS nth-order modulation and coding scheme
  • Step c The first wireless communication device receives the CTS frame sent by the second wireless communication device, and sets its idle channel estimation threshold according to C2 carried in the CCA threshold field of the CTS frame.
  • the subsequent data frame is sent in the P2 value carried in the Tx power domain of the CTS frame.
  • the data may be transmitted by using the maximum power specified by the protocol in the prior art.
  • the power calculating method used in this embodiment may also be used to calculate the transmitting power used by the transmitting data.
  • using the maximum power transmission data specified by the protocol in the prior art may affect other communication pairs that are communicating on the communication channel, and obtaining the data transmission power by using the calculation method of the embodiment may avoid communication on the communication channel.
  • the impact of the communication pair As shown in Figure 9, the state machine includes three states: the wireless communication channel is idle, the wireless communication channel is partially busy, and the wireless communication channel is fully busy.
  • the wireless communication channel is idle: for the wireless communication channel that does not currently occupy any wireless communication device for communication, and the wireless communication channel in the prior art is idle.
  • the wireless communication channel is partially busy: busy for the wireless communication channel and the communication state of the receiving device is in a communication idle state.
  • the wireless communication channel is fully busy: busy for the wireless communication channel and the communication state of the receiving device is in a busy state of communication.
  • the transmitting device can freely transmit data. Its state
  • the migration conditions are as follows:
  • no wireless communication device occupies the wireless communication channel for communication, that is, no signal, and the state of the wireless communication channel is maintained unchanged;
  • the transmitting device When the wireless communication channel is fully busy, the transmitting device does not transmit any data, does not transmit an RTS frame, and does not transmit a CTS frame. Its state transition conditions are as follows:
  • the wireless communication channel Upon receiving the RTS frame, the wireless communication channel is maintained in a busy state;
  • the wireless communication channel After receiving the CTS frame and no RTS matches, the wireless communication channel is maintained in a busy state;
  • the channel After receiving the duration field of any valid frame, the channel is maintained in a busy state;
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • the wireless communication channel Upon receiving the CTS frame and matching the RTS, the wireless communication channel is fully busy to the channel local busy state.
  • the transmitting device In the local busy state of the wireless communication channel, the transmitting device needs to check whether the communication can be performed without affecting the existing communication pair before transmitting the data to the receiving device. If it does not affect, it can communicate, if it does not, it can communicate. Its state transition conditions are as follows:
  • the wireless communication channel Upon receiving the RTS frame, the wireless communication channel is partially busy migrating to the channel full busy state;
  • the wireless communication channel Upon receiving the CTS frame, if the RTS does not match, the wireless communication channel is partially busy to migrate to the channel full busy state;
  • the wireless communication channel Upon receipt of the duration field of any valid frame, the wireless communication channel is partially busy migrating to the channel full busy state.
  • the first communication frame is an RTS frame
  • the second communication frame is a CTS is exemplary.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the transmitting end device of this embodiment may include: a determining module 11 and a sending module 12.
  • the determining module 11 is configured to: determine, by the sending end device, a busy state of the wireless communication channel and a communication state of the receiving end device, where the sending end device is a wireless access The node or the sending end device is a station, and the receiving end device is a wireless access node or the receiving end device is a station.
  • the sending module 12 is configured to: if the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving end device is in a communication idle state, the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device.
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the transmitting end device of the present embodiment further includes: a receiving module, based on the structure of the transmitting end device shown in FIG. 13. Maintenance module 14.
  • the determining module 11 is further configured to: find a communication status table, and determine a communication status of the receiving end device, where the communication status table includes a communication pair that is performing communication on the wireless communication channel.
  • the receiving module 13 is configured to: before the determining module searches for the communication state table, receive a communication frame sent by at least one of the wireless communication devices, where the at least one wireless communication device is a wireless access node or a At least one of the wireless communication devices is a station.
  • the maintenance module 14 is configured to: before the determining module searches the communication status table, maintain the communication status table according to the communication frame, and determine, according to the identification information of the communication parties, the communication pair that is performing communication on the wireless communication channel And adding a correspondence of the communication pair to the communication status table;
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the third embodiment of the transmitting device of the present invention has the same structure as the second embodiment of the transmitting device of the present invention.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is based on the second embodiment of the transmitting device of the present invention.
  • the determining module 11 is further configured to: before the transmitting device sends data to the receiving device, determine the receiving a first received power of a communication frame and a second received power of the second communication frame, and acquiring a first transmit power from the first communication frame, and obtaining an idle channel estimation threshold from the second communication frame
  • the first communication frame is a communication frame sent by the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device in the communication pair
  • the second communication frame is a second wireless communication device in the communication pair Transmitting a communication frame to the first wireless communication device; determining, according to the first received power and the first transmit power, a first path loss between the transmitting device and the first wireless communication device, and Determining, according to the second received power and the first transmit power, a second path loss between the transmitting end device and the second wireless communication device; according to the first path loss A second path loss and clear channel assessment threshold value, determining a transmit power required to transmit data
  • the maintenance module 14 is used to: maintain the state machine as shown in FIG.
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention.
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may include: a processor 21 and a transmitter 22.
  • the processor 21 is configured to: before the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device, Determining a busy state of the wireless communication channel and a communication state of the receiving device, where the transmitting device is a wireless access node or the transmitting device is a site, and the receiving device is a wireless access node or The receiving device is a station.
  • the transmitter 22 is configured to: if the wireless communication channel is in a busy state and the receiving end device is in a communication idle state, the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device.
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a transmitting end device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the transmitting end device of the present embodiment is further provided on the basis of the transmitting end device shown in FIG. Receiver 23.
  • the processor 21 is further configured to: search a communication status table, and determine a communication status of the receiving end device, where the communication status table includes a communication pair that is performing communication on the wireless communication channel; Before the module searches for the communication status table, the communication status table is maintained according to the communication frame, and the communication pair that is communicating on the wireless communication channel is determined according to the identification information of the communication parties, and the correspondence relationship of the communication pair is determined. Adding to the communication state table; when the duration of occupying the wireless communication channel arrives, deleting the correspondence of the communication pair from the communication state table.
  • a receiver 23 configured to: before the determining module searches for a communication status table, receive a communication frame sent by at least one of the communication pair, wherein the at least one wireless communication device is a wireless access node or the At least one of the wireless communication devices is a station.
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the third embodiment of the transmitting device of the present invention has the same structure as the second embodiment of the transmitting device of the present invention.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is provided on the basis of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processor 21 is further configured to: before the sending end device sends data to the receiving end device, determine to receive a first received power of the first communication frame and a second received power of the second communication frame, and acquiring a first transmit power from the first communication frame, and obtaining an idle channel estimation threshold from the second communication frame a value, where the first communication frame is a communication frame sent by the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device, and the second communication frame is the communication pair a communication frame sent by the second wireless communication device to the first wireless communication device; determining, according to the first received power and the first transmit power, a number between the sender device and the first wireless communication device a path loss, and determining, according to the second received power and the first transmit power, a second path loss between the transmitting end device and the second wireless communication device; according to the first path loss, the second The path loss and idle channel evaluation thresholds determine the transmit power required to transmit data; maintain the state shown in Figure 9.
  • the transmitting end device of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种数据发送方法及装置。本发明数据发送方法，包括：发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之前，确定无线通信信道的忙闲状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态，其中，所述发送端设备为无线接入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点，所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或者所述接收端设备为站点；若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于通信空闲状态，则所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据。本发明实施例，通过确定无线通信信道为忙状态并且接收端设备处于通信空闲状态，发送端设备发送数据，实现了无线通信信道为忙状态时的数据发送，解决了无线通信信道的利用效率低下、网络吞吐量不高的技术问题。

Description

数据发送方法及装置 技术领域 本发明实施例涉及无线通信技术， 尤其涉及一种数据发送方法及装置。 背景技术
随着无线通信技术的高速发展， 基于 IEEE802.i l协议的 WiFi ( Wireless Fidelity, 无线保真 )无线通信设备正在迅速普及。 常见的 WiFi无线通信设备 例如： 智能手机、 平板电脑、 笔记本电脑、 智能电器、 智能传感器等。
当在同一无线通信信道中存在多个需要通信的 WiFi无线通信设备时，这 些 WiFi无线通信设备将根据载波侦听多路访问 /冲突防止（ Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance, 简称 CSMA/CA )机制， 竟争无线通信 信道的使用权， 该机制可概括为首先侦听、 然后等待、 最后发送。 其具体过 程是， WiFi无线通信设备首先侦听当前无线通信信道处于 "通信信道闲" 状 态或者 "通信信道忙" 状态。 如果当前无线通信信道处于 "通信信道闲" 状 态， 则生成一个随机数 N, 然后等待 N个时隙单元； 如果当前无线通信信道 处于 "通信信道忙" 状态， 则保持沉默。 当 WiFi无线通信设备等待 N个时 隙单元结束的时候， 如果无线通信信道处于 "通信信道闲" 状态， 则立即发 送数据。
现有技术中， 当 WiFi无线通信设备处于诸如机场候机大厅、 学校阶梯教 室、 会展中心、 体育场馆等密集用户场景下时， WiFi无线通信设备对于无线 通信信道的竟争非常激烈。根据 CSMA/CA机制， 一旦 WiFi无线通信设备侦 听到无线通信信道处于 "通信信道忙" 状态便会保持沉默， 频繁的碰撞和等 待使得绝大多数 WiFi无线通信设备都处于沉默，从而使得无线通信信道的利 用效率低下、 网络吞吐量远远小于理论设计的峰值速率。 发明内容
本发明提供一种数据发送方法及装置， 以克服无线通信信道的利用效 率低下、 网络吞吐量不高的技术问题。 本发明的第一方面是提供一种数据发送方法， 包括：
发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信道的忙闲 状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发送端设备为无线接入 节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或者所 述接收端设备为站点；
若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于通信空闲状态， 则所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据。
结合第一方面， 在第一种可实现的方式中， 所述发送端设备确定所述 接收端设备的通信状态， 包括：
所述发送端设备查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述通信状态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对。
结合第一方面的第一种可实现的方式， 在第二种可实现的方式中， 所 述发送端设备查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 包括： 若所述接收端设备记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设备 为通信忙碌^ 态；
若所述接收端设备没有记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端 设备为通信空闲状态。
结合第一方面的第一种可实现的方式或者第一方面的第二种可实现 的方式，在第三种可实现的方式中，所述发送端设备查找通信状态表之前， 还包括：
所述发送端设备接收所述通信对中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通 信帧， 其中， 所述至少一方无线通信设备为无线接入节点或者所述至少一 方无线通信设备为站点；
所述发送端设备根据所述通信帧， 维护所述通信状态表。
结合第一方面的第三种可实现的方式， 在第四种可实现的方式中， 所 述通信帧中包含通信双方的标识信息以及占用所述无线通信信道的时长； 所述发送端设备根据所述通信帧， 维护所述通信状态表， 包括： 所述发送端设备根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通信信 道上进行通信的通信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态表 中； 所述发送端设备根据在所述占用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从 所述通信状态表中删除所述通信对的对应关系。
结合第一方面的第三种可实现的方式或者第一方面的第四种可实现 的方式， 在第五种可实现的方式中， 所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发 送数据之前， 还包括：
所述发送端设备确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功率以及接收第二 通信帧的第二接收功率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一发射功率， 从所 述第二通信帧中获取空闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第一通信帧为所述 通信对中第一无线通信设备发送给所述第二无线通信设备的通信帧， 所述 第二通信帧为所述通信对中第二无线通信设备发送给所述第一无线通信 设备的通信帧；
所述发送端设备根据所述第一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发 送端设备与所述第一无线通信设备之间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收 功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送端设备与所述第二无线通信设备之间 的第二路损；
所述发送端设备根据所述第一路损、 第二路损和空闲信道评估门限值, 确定发送数据所需的发射功率。
结合第一方面的第五种可实现的方式， 在第六种可实现的方式中， 所 述第一通信帧为请求发送帧， 所述第二通信帧为清除发送帧。
结合第一方面的第五种可实现的方式， 在第七种可实现的方式中， 所 述第一通信帧为传输功率控制请求帧， 所述第二通信帧为传输功率控制报 告帧。
本发明的第二方面是提供一种发送端设备， 包括：
确定模块， 用于： 向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信道的 忙闲状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发送端设备为无线 接入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或 者所述接收端设备为站点；
发送模块， 用于： 若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处 于通信空闲状态， 则向所述接收端设备发送数据。
结合第二方面，在第一种可实现的方式中，所述确定模块，具体用于： 查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述通信 状态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对。
结合第二方面的第一种可实现的方式， 在第二种可实现的方式中， 所 述确定模块， 具体用于：
若所述接收端设备记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设备 为通信忙碌状态；
若所述接收端设备没有记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端 设备为通信空闲状态。
结合第二方面的第一种可实现的方式或者第二方面的第二种可实现 的方式， 在第三种可实现的方式中， 还包括：
接收模块， 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 接收所述通信 对中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通信帧， 其中， 所述至少一方无线通信 设备为无线接入节点或者所述至少一方无线通信设备为站点；
维护模块， 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 根据所述通信 帧， 维护所述通信状态表。
结合第二方面的第三种可实现的方式， 在第四种可实现的方式中， 所 述通信帧中包含通信双方的标识信息以及占用所述无线通信信道的时长； 所述维护模块， 具体用于：
根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的 通信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态表中；
在所述占用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从所述通信状态表中删 除所述通信对的对应关系。
结合第二方面的第三种可实现的方式或者第二方面的第四种可实现 的方式， 在第五种可实现的方式中， 包括：
所述确定模块， 还用于：
向所述接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功 率以及接收第二通信帧的第二接收功率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一 发射功率， 从所述第二通信帧中获取空闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第 一通信帧为所述通信对中第一无线通信设备发送给所述第二无线通信设 备的通信帧， 所述第二通信帧为所述通信对中第二无线通信设备发送给所 述第一无线通信设备的通信帧；
根据所述第一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定与所述第一无线通信设 备之间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定与所 述第二无线通信设备之间的第二路损；
根据所述第一路损、 第二路损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据 所需的发射功率。
结合第二方面的第五种可实现的方式， 在第六种可实现的方式中， 所 述第一通信帧为请求发送帧， 所述第二通信帧为清除发送帧。
结合第二方面的第五种可实现的方式， 在第七种可实现的方式中， 所 述第一通信帧为传输功率控制请求帧， 所述第二通信帧为传输功率控制报 告帧。
本发明第三方面是提供一种发送端装置， 包括：
处理器， 用于： 在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信道的 忙闲状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发送端设备为无线 接入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或 者所述接收端设备为站点；
发送器， 用于： 若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于 通信空闲状态， 则向所述接收端设备发送数据。
结合第三方面， 在第一种可实现的方式中， 所述处理器， 还用于： 查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述通信 状态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对。
结合第三方面的第一种可实现的方式， 在第二种可实现的方式中， 所 述处理器， 还用于：
若所述接收端设备记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设备 为通信忙碌^ 态；
若所述接收端设备没有记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端 设备为通信空闲状态。
结合第三方面的第一种可实现的方式或者第三方面的第二种可实现 的方式， 在第三种可实现的方式中， 还包括：
接收器， 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 接收所述通信对 中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通信帧， 其中， 所述至少一方无线通信设 备为无线接入节点或者所述至少一方无线通信设备为站点；
处理器， 还用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 根据所述通信 帧， 维护所述通信状态表。
结合第三方面的第三种可实现的方式， 在第四种可实现的方式中， 所 述通信帧中包含通信双方的标识信息以及占用所述无线通信信道的时长； 所述处理器， 具体用于：
根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的 通信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态表中；
在所述占用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从所述通信状态表中删 除所述通信对的对应关系。
结合第三方面的第三种可实现的方式或者第三方面的第四种可实现 的方式， 在第五种可实现的方式中， 所述处理器， 还用于：
向所述接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功 率以及接收第二通信帧的第二接收功率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一 发射功率， 从所述第二通信帧中获取空闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第 一通信帧为所述通信对中第一无线通信设备发送给所述第二无线通信设 备的通信帧， 所述第二通信帧为所述通信对中第二无线通信设备发送给所 述第一无线通信设备的通信帧；
根据所述第一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定与所述第一无线通信设 备之间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定与所 述第二无线通信设备之间的第二路损；
根据所述第一路损、 第二路损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据 所需的发射功率。
结合第三方面的第五种可实现的方式， 在第六种可实现的方式中， 所 述第一通信帧为请求发送帧， 所述第二通信帧为清除发送帧。
结合第三方面的第五种可实现的方式， 在第七种可实现的方式中， 所 述第一通信帧为传输功率控制请求帧， 所述第二通信帧为传输功率控制报 告帧。
本发明的技术效果是： 通过确定无线通信信道的忙闲状态以及接收端 设备的通信状态， 决定是否发送数据， 具体地， 当无线通信信道为忙状态 并且接收端设备处于通信空闲状态， 则发送端设备发送数据， 实现了无线 通信信道为忙状态时的数据发送， 解决了无线通信信道的利用效率低下、 网络吞吐量不高的技术问题的技术问题。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在 不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明数据发送方法实施例一的流程图；
图 2为本发明数据发送方法实施例二的流程图；
图 3为本发明数据发送方法实施例二的另一流程图；
图 4为本发明数据发送方法实施例三的流程图；
图 5为本发明数据发送方法实施例三的请求发送帧的帧格式；
图 6为本发明数据发送方法实施例三的传输功率控制请求帧的帧格式； 图 7为本发明数据发送方法实施例三的清除发送帧的帧格式；
图 8为本发明数据发送方法实施例三的传输功率控制报告帧的帧格式； 图 10为本发明发送端设备实施例一的结构示意图；
图 1 1为本发明发送端设备实施例二的结构示意图；
图 12为本发明发送端装置实施例一的结构示意图；
图 13为本发明发送端装置实施例二的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。 图 1为本发明数据发送方法实施例一的流程图， 如图 1所示， 本实施例 的方法可以包括：
步骤 101、 发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信 道的忙闲状态以及接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发送端设备为无线接 入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或者所 述接收端设备为站点。
当发送端设备确定无线通信信道为闲状态， 发送数据， 这与现有技术中 的数据发送方法相同， 此处不再贅述。 需要说明的是， 本实施例中提及的无 线通信信道为多个无线通信设备共用的无线频段， 而非像手机无线蜂窝通信 那样将整个无线频段细分成若干个子信道分别让手机使用的通信信道。 接收 端设备的通信状态， 为当前接收端设备是否正在与其它无线通信设备进行通 信， 其中， 若当前接收端设备正在与其它无线通信设备进行通信， 则接收端 设备的通信状态为忙，若当前接收端设备未与其它无线通信通设备进行通信， 则接收端设备的通信状态为闲。 当发送端设备确定无线通信信道为忙状态， 发送端设备进一步确定接收端设备的通信状态， 也就是说， 进一步判断接收 端设备是否正在与其它无线通信设备进行通信。 还需要说明的是， 本实施例 中所描述的通信信道的忙闲状态与现有技术的通信信道忙闲状态相对应， 判 断无线通信信道的忙闲状态的方法与现有技术相同， 此处不再贅述。
其中， 发送端设备可以是 WLAN ( Wireless Local Area Networks, 无线局 域网）网络的无线接入节点（ Access Point,简称 AP )、也可以是站点（ Station, 简称 STA ) (例如， 装有 WiFi无线网卡的智能手机、 装有 WiFi无线网卡的 平板电脑、装有 WiFi无线网卡的计算机或者装有 WiFi无线网卡的智能家电、 智能传感器等） ， 接收端设备可以是无线接入节点、 也可以是站点。 其中， 站点 （STA ) 为， 例如， 装有 WiFi无线网卡的智能手机、 装有 WiFi无线网 卡的平板电脑、 装有 WiFi无线网卡的计算机或者装有 WiFi无线网卡的智能 家电、 智能传感器等。 具体地， 发送端设备向接收端设备发送数据， 可以是 无线接入节点向站点发送数据、 可以是站点向无线接入节点发送数据、 可以 是站点向站点发送数据、 还可以是无线接入节点向无线接入节点发送数据， 本实施例对此不作限定。
步骤 102、 若无线通信信道为忙状态且接收端设备处于通信空闲状态， 则发送端设备向接收端设备发送数据。
当发送端设备确定无线通信信道为忙状态， 并且进一步确定接收端设备 没有与其它无线通信设备进行通信时， 则发送端设备发送数据。 也就是说， 即使无线通信信道为忙状态， 发送端设备也可以发送数据。
本实施例， 通过确定无线通信信道的忙闲状态以及接收端设备的通信状 态， 决定是否发送数据， 具体地， 当无线通信信道为忙状态并且接收端设备 处于通信空闲状态， 发送端设备发送数据， 实现了无线通信信道为忙状态时 的数据发送， 解决了无线通信信道的利用效率低下、 网络吞吐量不高的技术 问题的技术问题。
下面采用几个具体的实施例， 对图 1所示方法实施例的技术方案进行详 细说明。
图 2为本发明数据发送方法实施例二的流程图， 如图 2所示， 本实施例 的方法可以包括：
步骤 201、 发送端设备接收正在无线通信信道上通信的通信对中至少一 方无线通信设备发送的通信帧。
通信对在进行数据传输前，会以广播的形式发送用于建立连接的通信帧， 由于这些通信帧是以广播的形式被发送的， 因此在该无线通信信道中的其它 无线通信设备也可以接收到这些通信帧， 从而在该无线通信信道中的其它无 线通信设备能够获知将要有无线通信设备占用该无线通信信道进行数据传输。 本实施例中的通信帧， 包含通信双方的标识信息， 例如通信双方的 MAC
( Media Access Control, 媒体介入控制层）地址等， 在该无线通信信道中的 其它无线通信设备能够通过至少一个通信帧确定将要进行数据传输的通信双 方。
步骤 202、 发送端设备根据接收到的通信帧， 维护所述通信状态表。
通信帧包含但不限制于： 通信双方的标识信息、 占用所述无线通信信道 的时长。 其中， 通过通信帧中携带的通信双方的标识信息， 例如 MAC地址 等， 在该无线通信信道中的其它无线通信设备， 包括本实施例中的发送端设 备， 能够获知将要进行数据传输的通信双方具体为哪两个无线通信设备。 通 过通信帧中携带的占用所述通信信道的时长， 无线通信信道中的其它无线通 信设备， 包括本实施例中的发送端设备， 能够获知这两个无线通信设备对该 无线通信信道的占用时间。 根据包含有通信双方的标识信息、 占用所述无线 通信信道的时长的通信帧， 发送端设备动态地维护通信状态表。
如图 3所示， 步骤 202具体包括步骤 2021和步骤 2022, 其中： 步骤 2021、 发送端设备根据包含在通信帧中的通信双方的标识信息， 确 定正在无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对， 并将通信对的对应关系加入通信 状态表中。
当发送端设备接收到通信帧时， 根据通信帧中包含的通信双方的标识信 息， 在通信状态表中添加该通信对的对应关系， 即将正在该无线通信信道中 通信的两个无线设备的标识信息， 对应着添加到通信状态表中。
步骤 2022、 发送端设备根据在包含在通信帧中的占用无线通信信道的时 长到达时， 从通信状态表中删除所述通信对的对应关系。
发送端设备将该通信对的对应关系添加到通信状态表时， 还可以根据这 一通信对占用无线通信信道的时长，为该通信对的对应关系设置一个定时器， 时间长度设置为占无线用通信信道的时长， 当定时结束时， 将通信对的对应 关系从通信状态表中删除。 通信状态表中通信对的数量有可能为零， 也有可 能正整数个。 此外， 通信对之间传输的数据帧有也含有占用无线通信信道的 器的定时时长。
步骤 203、 发送端设备查找通信状态表， 确定接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 通信状态表中包含正在无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对。
发送端设备在发送数据前， 遍历该通信状态表， 查看接收端设备是否被 记录在通信状态表中。 其中， 若接收端设备被记录在通信状态表中， 则表明 接收端设备正在于其它通信设备通信， 为通信忙碌状态。 若接收端设备没有 被记录在通信状态表中， 则表明接收端设备没有与其它通信设备通信， 为通 信空闲状态。
步骤 204、若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于通信空闲 状态， 则所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据。
发送端设备查询通信状态表， 若接收端设备被记录在通信状态表中， 则 表明接收端设备正在于其它通信设备通信， 为通信忙碌状态， 发送端设备不 向接收端设备发送数据； 若接收端设备没有被记录在通信状态表中， 则表明 接收端设备没有与其它通信设备通信， 为通信空闲状态， 发送端设备向接收 端设备发送数据。 需要说明的是， 本实施例中所描述的无线通信信道的忙闲 状态与现有技术的通信信道忙闲状态相对应， 判断通信信道的忙闲状态的方 法与现有技术相同， 此处不再贅述。 还需要说明的是， 当发送端设备处于通 信信道闲状态的时候， 发送端设备不需要查询通信状态表， 可以采用现有技 术中的任意方法向接收端设备发送数据。
本实施例， 通过查询被动态维护的通信状态表， 发送端设备可以获知接 收端设备的当前通信状态， 接收端设备的状态更加准确， 确保了由发送端设 备发送的数据能够被接收端设备正确接收。
图 4为本发明数据发送方法实施例三的流程图， 如图 4所示， 本实施例 与实施例二的区别在于， 发送端设备确定将要向接收端设备发送数据后， 还 计算适于发送数据所用的功率。 在上述实施例的基础上， 具体地， 本实施例 的方法可以包括：
步骤 301、 发送端设备接收第一无线通信设备发送的第一通信帧， 确定 接收第一通信帧的第一接收功率， 并且从第一通信帧中获取第一发射功率， 发送端设备接收第二无线通信设备发送的第二通信帧， 确定接收第二通信帧 的第二接收功率， 并且从第二通信帧中获取空闲信道评估门限值。
具体地， 发送端设备需要分别接收到通信双方发送的第一通信帧和第二 通信帧。 其中， 第一无线通信设备与第二无线通信设备组成通信对， 第一无 线通信设备以第一发射功率向第二无线通信设备发送第一通信帧， 第二无线 通信设备接收到第一通信帧后， 由于第一无线通信设备发射该第一通信帧所 使用的第一发射功率被携带在第一通信帧中， 因此， 第二无线通信设备可以 从第一通信帧中获取第一无线通信设备发送第一通信帧所使用的第一发射功 率， 第二无线通信设备也以第一发射功率发送第二通信帧。 第一通信帧中包 含第一无线通信设备发送第一通信帧使用的第一发射功率， 第二通信帧中包 含空闲信道评估门限值， 第二通信帧中包含的空闲信道评估门限值为该通信 对协商的空闲信道评估门限值。 空闲信道评估门限值用于表示无线通信设备 对于在该无线通信信道中干扰信号的容忍程度。 需要说明的是， 可以通过不 同的方法区别第一通信帧与第二通信帧， 例如第一通信帧中携带通信双方的 MAC地址， 而第二通信帧中只携带第一无线通信设备的 MAC地址， 或者在 第一通信帧与第二通信帧中设置标识位， 通过不同的标识位值区别第一通信 帧与第二通信帧等。由于第一通信帧与第二通信帧是以广播的形式被发送的 , 发送端设备可以接收到第一通信帧与第二通信帧。 发送端设备分别接收第一 通信帧与第二通信帧， 同时测量接收第一通信帧与第二通信帧所用的接收功 率， 本实施例中分别称为第一接收功率与第二接收功率。 具体地， 发送端设 备接收第一通信帧所使用的接收功率为第一接收功率， 发送端设备接收第二 通信帧所使用的接收功率为第二接收功率。 接收到第一通信帧与第二通信帧 后， 可以分别从第一通信帧中获取第一发送功率， 从第二通信帧中获取空闲 信道评估门限值。
步骤 302、 发送端设备根据第一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定发送端 设备与第一无线通信设备之间的第一路损， 并根据第二接收功率和第一发射 功率， 确定发送端设备与第二无线通信设备之间的第二路损。
第一发射功率与第一接收功率的差值即为第一路损， 其表示第一通信帧 从从第二无线通信设备传输到发送端设备所损耗的功率。 由于第二无线通信 设备会以第一发射功率发送第二通信帧， 所以第一发射功率与第二接收功率 的差值即为第二路损， 其表示第二通信帧从第二无线通信设备传输到发送端 设备所损耗的功率。
步骤 303、发送端设备根据第一路损、第二路损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据所需的发射功率。
具体地， 可以通过如下方式确定发送数据所需的发射功率。 将第一路损 记为 PL— 1 , 将第二路损记为 PL— 2, 空闲信道评估门限值记为 C1 , 发送数据 所需的发射功率记为 P_limit。 P_limit = MIN ( PL— 1, PL 2 ) + CI。计算得到的 P— limit的数值大小， 即为发送端设备发送数据所用的发射功率值。
当通信信道中有多对正在通信的通信对时， 分别将对应的第一路损、 第 二路损、 空闲信道评估门限值存储在路损向量表 < TX_PL(n), RX_PL(n), C(n) >, n=l,2,... ,N中。 通过下面的代码确定发送数据所需的发射功率， TX— PL(n) 与第一路损对应， RX— PL(n)与第二路损对应， C(n)与空闲信道评估门限值对 应， n表示第 n对通信对。
set P— limit = 30 dB /*初始化 P— limit, 将其设置为 30dB*/ for n = 1 to n /*遍历 n对通信对 */ P temp = MIN { TX_PL(n), RX_PL(n) } + C(n) if P— limit > P temp P— limit = P temp end end 其中， 第一通信帧可以是请求发送帧 （RTS , Ready To Send, 以下简称 RTS帧） ， 或者， 第一通信帧可以是传输功率控制请求帧 （TPC-Request, Transmit Power Control- Request, 以下简称 TPC-Request帧）； 第二通信帧可 以是清除发送帧 （CTS, Clear To send, 以下简称 CTS帧） ， 或者， 第二通 信帧可以是传输功率控制才艮告帧（ TPC-Report , Transmit Power Control- Report , 以下简称 TPC-Report帧 ) 。
具体地， 本实施例 RTS帧可以采用如图 5所示的帧格式。 包括： 帧控制 ( Frame Control )域、 持续时间（ Duration )域、 RA域、 TA域、 Tx功率（ Τχ Power )域、 CCA ( Clear Channel Assessment, 空闲信道评估 ) 门限值 ( CCA Threshold )域、 FCS ( Frame Check Sequence, 帧校验序列）域。 其中， RA 域填写第二无线通信设备的 MAC地址， TA域填写第一无线通信设备的 MAC 地址， Tx Power域填写第一发射功率。 与现有技术中的 RTS帧相比， 本实施 例的 RTS帧增加了 Tx功率（ Tx Power )域和 CCA门限值 ( CCA Threshold ) 域。
本实施例 TPC-Request帧可以采用如图 6所示的帧格式。 包括： 种类
( Category )域、 频谱管理手段 ( Spectrum Management Action )域、 会话令 牌（ Dialog Token )域、 TPC请求要素 （ TPC Request element )域、 要素 ID ( Element ID )域、 长度（Length )域、 Tx功率（Tx Power )域、 CCA门限 值（ CCA Threshold )域、 有效时间 （ Effective Time )域。 其中， Tx Power 域填写第一发射功率。 需要说明的是， 现有技术中 TPC-Request帧携带有通 信双方的 MAC地址（图中未示出） ， 本实施例按照现有技术填写规则将第 一无线通信设备和第二无线通信设备的 MAC地址写入对应域， 此处不再贅 述。与现有技术中的 TPC-Request帧相比，本实施例的 TPC-Request帧在 TPC 请求要素（ TPC Request element )域中增加了 Tx功率（Tx Power )域、 CCA 门限值 ( CCA Threshold )域和有效时间 （ Effective Time )域。
本实施例 CTS帧可以采用如图 7所示的帧格式。 包括： 帧控制 （Frame Control )域、持续时间（ Duration )域、 RA域、 Tx功率（ Tx Power )域、 CCA 门限值（CCA Threshold )域、 FCS域。 其中， RA域填写第二无线通信设备 的 MAC地址， CCA Threshold填写空闲信道评估门限值。 与现有技术中的 CTS帧相比， 本实施例的 CTS帧增加了 Tx功率（ Tx Power )域和 CCA门限 值（ CCA Threshold )域。
本实施例 TPC-Report帧可以采用如图 8所示的帧格式。 包括： 种类 ( Category )域、 频谱管理手段 ( Spectrum Management Action )域、 会话令 牌（ Dialog Token )域、 TPC报告要素（ TPC Report element )域、要素 ID( Element ID )域、长度（ Length )域、 Tx功率（ Tx Power )域、链路余量（ Link Margin ) 域、 CCA门限值 ( CCA Threshold )域、有效时间（ Effective Time )域。其中， CCA Threshold域填写空闲信道评估门限值。 需要说明的是， 现有技术中 TPC-Report帧携带有通信双方的 MAC地址（图中未示出 ) , 本实施例按照 现有技术填写规则将第一无线通信设备和第二无线通信设备的 MAC地址写 入对应域， 此处不再贅述。 与现有技术中的 TPC-Report帧相比， 本实施例的 TPC-Report帧在 TPC请求要素（ TPC Report element )域中增加了 Tx功率（ Tx Power )域、 CCA门限值 ( CCA Threshold )域和有效时间 （ Effective Time ) 域。
本领域技术人员可以理解到： 当第一通信帧为 RTS帧时， 第二通信帧为 与其对应的 CTS帧； 当第一通信帧为 TPC-Request帧时， 第二通信帧为与其 对应的 TPC-Report帧。
发送端设备在接收到第一通信帧、 第二通信帧后， 可以从相应的域获取 第一发射功率、 第二发射功率以及空闲信道评估门限值。 从而计算适于发送 端设备向接收端设备发送数据所需要的发射功率。
以第一通信帧为 RTS帧、第二通信帧为 CTS帧为例，介绍第一无线通信 设备与第二无线通信设备协商空闲信道评估门限值的过程。
步骤 a、 第一无线通信设备采用第一发射频率， 记为 P1 , 向第二无线通 信设备发送 RTS帧， 其中， P1携带在 RTS帧的 Tx功率域中。 此外第一无线 通信设备根据经验值设置其接收门限， 记为 C1 , 其中 C1携带在 RTS帧的 CCA门限值域中。
步骤 b、 第二无线通信设备接收 RTS并且测量接收 RTS帧的功率， 记为 P3 , 第二无线通信设备计算第一无线通信设备到第二无线通信设备的路算 ( Path Loss ) , 计算公式为 PL— A = P1 - P3 , 然后， 第二无线通信设备根据选 定的第 η阶编码调制方案（ Modulation and Coding Scheme, 简称 MCS )所要 求的接收信噪比 SNR— n和接收噪声强度 NQ计算得到对应的目标信号强度， 记为 P— target, 计算公式是 P— target = N。 * 10SNRjl/1Q, 接着， 第二无线通信设 备利用公式 P2 = min ( PI, P— target + PL— A )计算得到后续数据通信的最大功 率 P2, 将 P2的值携带在 CTS帧的 Tx功率域中。 然后， 第二无线通信设备 利用公式 10 * log ( Ρ2 * C2 ) = 恒定值， 计算出空闲信道评估门限值， 记为 C2,其中，该恒定值是一个经验值（单位 dB ) ,在实施例一不妨取值为 -1800。 再然后， 第二无线通信设备将其 CCA门限设置为 C2值， 将 C2的值携带在 CTS帧的 CCA门限值域中。最后，第二无线通信设备以 P1功率发送 CTS帧。
步骤 c、 第一无线通信设备接收第二无线通信设备发送的 CTS帧， 根据 CTS帧的 CCA门限值域中携带的 C2设置其空闲信道评估门限值。 并以 CTS 帧的 Tx功率域中携带的 P2值发送后续的数据帧。
发送端设备在确定将要向接收端设备发送数据后， 可以采用现有技术中 协议所规定的最大功率发送数据， 还可以通过本实施例提供的功率计算方法 计算发送数据使用的发射功率。 其中， 采用现有技术中协议所规定的最大功 率发送数据， 可能会影响其它正在通信信道上通信的通信对， 而采用通过本 实施例计算方法获得数据发射功率， 可以避免对正在通信信道上通信的通信 对的影响。 如图 9所示， 该状态机包括三种状态： 无线通信信道闲、 无线通信信道 局部忙以及无线通信信道全忙。 其中， 无线通信信道闲： 为当前没有任何无 线通信设备占用该无线通信信道进行通信， 与现有技术中无线通信信道闲对 应。 无线通信信道局部忙： 为无线通信信道忙并且接收端设备的通信状态处 于通信空闲状态。 无线通信信道全忙： 为无线通信信道忙并且接收端设备的 通信状态处于通信忙碌状态。
在无线通信信道闲状态下， 发送端设备可以自由地发送数据。 它的状态 迁移条件如下：
1-1. 当前没有任何无线通信设备占用该无线通信信道进行通信， 即无信 号， 则维持无线通信信道闲的状态不变；
1-2. 收到 RTS帧， 则从无线通信信道闲状态迁移到无线通信信道全忙状 态；
1-3. 收到 CTS帧， 则从无线通信信道闲状态迁移到无线通信信道全忙状 态；
1- 4. 收到任何有效帧的持续时间域， 则从无线通信信道闲状态迁移到信 道全忙状态。
在无线通信信道全忙状态下， 发送端设备不发送任何数据、 不发送 RTS 帧、 也不发送 CTS帧。 它的状态迁移条件如下：
2- 1. 收到 RTS帧， 则维持无线通信信道全忙状态不变；
2-2. 收到 CTS帧， 且没有 RTS与之匹配， 则维持无线通信信道全忙状 态不变；
2-3. 收到任何有效帧的持续时间域， 则维持信道全忙状态不变；
2-4. 网络分配向量（ Network Allocation Vector,简称 NAV )倒计时减一， 但没有归零， 则维持信道全忙状态不变， 其中在无线通信设备的 MAC层有 个 NAV寄存器， 可以根据通信帧中携带的持续时间域中的数值设置该 NAV 寄存器， 当 NAV寄存器中的数值变为零时， 表示倒计时结束；
2-5. NAV倒计时归零， 则从无线通信信道全忙迁移到信道闲状态；
2-6. 收到 RTS之后， 等待对应的 CTS超时， (若前一个状态是信道闲 ) 则从无线通信信道全忙迁移到信道闲状态；
2-7. 收到 RTS之后， 等待对应的 CTS超时， (若前一个状态是信道局 部忙 )则从无线通信信道全忙迁移到信道局部忙状态；
2-8. 收到 CTS帧， 且有 RTS与之匹配， 则从无线通信信道全忙迁移到 信道局部忙状态。
在无线通信信道局部忙状态下， 发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之 前， 需要检查能否在不影响已有通信对的前提下进行通信。 如果不影响， 则 可以通信， 如果影响则不能通信。 它的状态迁移条件如下：
3-1. 所有通信对的 NAV倒计时减一，但仍有至少一个通信对的 NAV倒 计时没有归零， 则维持信道局部忙状态不变；
3-2. 收到 CTS帧， 其有 RTS与之匹配， 则维持信道局部忙状态不变； 3-3. 所有通信对的 NAV倒计时都归零， 则从无线通信信道局部忙状态 迁移到信道闲状态；
3-4. 收到 RTS帧， 则无线通信信道局部忙迁移到信道全忙状态；
3-5. 收到 CTS帧， 其没有 RTS与之匹配， 则无线通信信道局部忙迁移 到信道全忙状态；
3-6. 收到任何有效帧的持续时间域， 则无线通信信道局部忙迁移到信道 全忙状态。
需要说明的是，在图 9中第一通信帧是 RTS帧、第二通信帧是 CTS是示 例性的。
本实施例， 通过控制发送端设备发送数据的功率， 实现了无线通信信道 为忙状态时的数据发送， 解决了无线通信信道的吞吐量不高的技术问题的同 时， 还避免了多对通信对同时在无线通信信道上通信时的相互干扰。
图 10为本发明发送端设备实施例一的结构示意图， 如图 10所示， 本实 施例的发送端设备可以包括： 确定模块 11、 发送模块 12。
其中， 确定模块 11 , 用于： 发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信道的忙闲状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述 发送端设备为无线接入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为 无线接入节点或者所述接收端设备为站点。
发送模块 12, 用于： 若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处 于通信空闲状态， 则所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据。
本实施例的发送端设备，可以用于执行图 1所示方法实施例的技术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似， 此处不再贅述。
图 11为本发明发送端设备实施例二的结构示意图， 如图 11所示， 本实 施例的发送端设备在图 9所示发送端设备结构的基础上， 进一步地， 还可以 包括： 接收模块 13、 维护模块 14。
其中， 确定模块 11 , 还用于： 查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的 通信状态， 其中， 所述通信状态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信 的通信对。 接收模块 13 , 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 接收所述无线 通信对中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通信帧， 其中， 所述至少一方无线通 信设备为无线接入节点或者所述至少一方无线通信设备为站点。
维护模块 14, 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 根据所述通信 帧， 维护所述通信状态表， 根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通 信信道上进行通信的通信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态 表中；
在所述占用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从所述通信状态表中删除 所述通信对的对应关系。
本实施例的发送端设备， 可以用于执行图 2、 图 3所示方法实施例的技 术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似， 此处不再贅述。
本发明发送端设备实施例三具有与本发明发送端设备实施例二相同的结 构。
本发明发送端设备实施例三在本发明发送端设备实施例二的基础上， 进 一步地， 确定模块 11 , 还用于： 所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据 之前， 确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功率以及接收第二通信帧的第二接收 功率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一发射功率， 从所述第二通信帧中获取 空闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第一通信帧为所述通信对中第一无线通信 设备发送给所述第二无线通信设备的通信帧， 所述第二通信帧为所述通信对 中第二无线通信设备发送的给所述第一无线通信设备的通信帧； 根据所述第 一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送端设备与所述第一无线通信设备 之间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送 端设备与所述第二无线通信设备之间的第二路损； 根据所述第一路损、 第二 路损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据所需的发射功率。
维护模块 14, 用于： 维护如图 9示出的状态机。
本实施例的发送端设备，可以用于执行图 4所示方法实施例的技术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似， 此处不再贅述。
图 12为本发明发送端装置实施例一的结构示意图， 如图 12所示， 本实 施例的发送端装置可以包括： 处理器 21、 发送器 22。
其中， 处理器 21 , 用于： 发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确 定无线通信信道的忙闲状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发 送端设备为无线接入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无 线接入节点或者所述接收端设备为站点。
发送器 22, 用于： 若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于 通信空闲状态， 则所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据。
本实施例的发送端装置，可以用于执行图 1所示方法实施例的技术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似， 此处不再贅述。
图 13为本发明发送端装置实施例二的结构示意图， 如图 13所示， 本实 施例的发送端装置在图 1 1所示的发送端装置的基石出上， 进一步地， 还可以包 括： 接收器 23。
其中， 处理器 21 , 还用于： 查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通 信状态， 其中， 所述通信状态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的 通信对； 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 根据所述通信帧， 维护所述通 信状态表， 根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通信信道上进行通 信的通信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态表中； 在所述占 用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从所述通信状态表中删除所述通信对的 对应关系。
接收器 23 , 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 接收所述通信对 中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通信帧， 其中， 所述至少一方无线通信设备 为无线接入节点或者所述至少一方无线通信设备为站点。
本实施例的发送端装置， 可以用于执行图 2、 图 3所示方法实施例的技 术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似， 此处不再贅述。
本发明发送端装置实施例三具有与本发明发送端装置实施例二相同的结 构。
本发明发送端装置实施例三在本发明发送端装置实施例二的基石出上， 进 一步地， 处理器 21 , 还用于： 所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据之 前， 确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功率以及接收第二通信帧的第二接收功 率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一发射功率， 从所述第二通信帧中获取空 闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第一通信帧为所述通信对中第一无线通信设 备发送给所述第二无线通信设备的通信帧， 所述第二通信帧为所述通信对中 第二无线通信设备发送的给所述第一无线通信设备的通信帧； 根据所述第一 接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送端设备与所述第一无线通信设备之 间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送端 设备与所述第二无线通信设备之间的第二路损； 根据所述第一路损、 第二路 损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据所需的发射功率； 维护如图 9示出 的^ 态机。
本实施例的发送端装置，可以用于执行图 4所示方法实施例的技术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似， 此处不再贅述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步 骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可 读取存储介质中。 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤； 而 前述的存储介质包括： ROM, RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码 的介质。
最后应说明的是： 以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对 其限制； 尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通 技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并 不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
发送端设备在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信道的忙闲状 态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发送端设备为无线接入节点 或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或者所述接收 端设备为站点；
若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于通信空闲状态， 则 所述发送端设备向所述接收端设备发送数据。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述发送端设备确定所述 接收端设备的通信状态， 包括：
所述发送端设备查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其 中， 所述通信状态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述发送端设备查找通信 状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 包括：
若所述接收端设备记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设备为 通信忙碌状态；
若所述接收端设备没有记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设 备为通信空闲状态。
4、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述发送端设备查找 通信状态表之前， 还包括：
所述发送端设备接收所述通信对中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通信帧, 其中， 所述至少一方无线通信设备为无线接入节点或者所述至少一方无线通 信设备为站点；
所述发送端设备根据所述通信帧， 维护所述通信状态表。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述通信帧中包含通信双 方的标识信息以及占用所述无线通信信道的时长；
所述发送端设备根据所述通信帧， 维护所述通信状态表， 包括：
所述发送端设备根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通信信道 上进行通信的通信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态表中； 所述发送端设备根据在所述占用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从所 述通信状态表中删除所述通信对的对应关系。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述发送端设备向所 述接收端设备发送数据之前， 还包括：
所述发送端设备确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功率以及接收第二通信 帧的第二接收功率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一发射功率， 从所述第二 通信帧中获取空闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第一通信帧为所述通信对中 第一无线通信设备发送给所述第二无线通信设备的通信帧， 所述第二通信帧 为所述通信对中第二无线通信设备发送给所述第一无线通信设备的通信帧； 所述发送端设备根据所述第一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送 端设备与所述第一无线通信设备之间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收功率 和第一发射功率， 确定所述发送端设备与所述第二无线通信设备之间的第二 路损；
所述发送端设备根据所述第一路损、 第二路损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据所需的发射功率。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一通信帧为请求发 送帧， 所述第二通信帧为清除发送帧。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一通信帧为传输功 率控制请求帧， 所述第二通信帧为传输功率控制报告帧。
9、 一种发送端设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
确定模块， 用于： 在向接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定无线通信信道的 忙闲状态以及所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述发送端设备为无线接 入节点或者所述发送端设备为站点， 所述接收端设备为无线接入节点或者所 述接收端设备为站点；
发送模块， 用于： 若所述无线通信信道为忙状态且所述接收端设备处于 通信空闲状态， 则向所述接收端设备发送数据。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述确定模块， 具体用 于：
查找通信状态表， 确定所述接收端设备的通信状态， 其中， 所述通信状 态表中包含正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的通信对。
1 1、 根据权利要求 10所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述确定模块， 具体用 于：
若所述接收端设备记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设备为 通信忙碌状态；
若所述接收端设备没有记录在所述通信状态表中， 则确定所述接收端设 备为通信空闲状态。
12、 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的设备， 其特征在于， 还包括：
接收模块， 用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前， 接收所述通信对 中至少一方无线通信设备发送的通信帧， 其中， 所述至少一方无线通信设备 为无线接入节点或者所述至少一方无线通信设备为站点；
维护模块，用于： 所述确定模块查找通信状态表之前，根据所述通信帧， 维护所述通信状态表。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述通信帧中包含通信 双方的标识信息以及占用所述无线通信信道的时长；
所述维护模块， 具体用于：
根据通信双方的标识信息， 确定正在所述无线通信信道上进行通信的通 信对， 并将所述通信对的对应关系加入所述通信状态表中；
在所述占用所述无线通信信道的时长到达时， 从所述通信状态表中删除 所述通信对的对应关系。
14、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
所述确定模块， 还用于：
向所述接收端设备发送数据之前， 确定接收第一通信帧的第一接收功率 以及接收第二通信帧的第二接收功率， 并从所述第一通信帧中获取第一发射 功率， 从所述第二通信帧中获取空闲信道评估门限值， 其中， 所述第一通信 帧为所述通信对中第一无线通信设备发送给所述第二无线通信设备的通信帧， 所述第二通信帧为所述通信对中第二无线通信设备发送给所述第一无线通信 设备的通信帧；
根据所述第一接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定与所述第一无线通信设备 之间的第一路损， 并根据所述第二接收功率和第一发射功率， 确定与所述第 二无线通信设备之间的第二路损；
根据所述第一路损、 第二路损和空闲信道评估门限值， 确定发送数据所 需的发射功率。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述第一通信帧为请求 发送帧， 所述第二通信帧为清除发送帧。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述第一通信帧为传输 功率控制请求帧， 所述第二通信帧为传输功率控制 告帧。
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