WO2015117659A1 - Procédé de préparation de réseau de points quantiques et de structure hétératique à points quantiques - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation de réseau de points quantiques et de structure hétératique à points quantiques Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015117659A1 WO2015117659A1 PCT/EP2014/052362 EP2014052362W WO2015117659A1 WO 2015117659 A1 WO2015117659 A1 WO 2015117659A1 EP 2014052362 W EP2014052362 W EP 2014052362W WO 2015117659 A1 WO2015117659 A1 WO 2015117659A1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- AQCDIIAORKRFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium selenide Chemical compound [Cd]=[Se] AQCDIIAORKRFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
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- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) nitrate Inorganic materials [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004630 atomic force microscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 Pb2+ ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- YBNMDCCMCLUHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 4-pyren-1-ylbutanoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C2C=1CCCC(=O)ON1C(=O)CCC1=O YBNMDCCMCLUHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;sulfanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[SH-] VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004771 selenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Natural products CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
- H01L31/035209—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions comprising a quantum structures
- H01L31/035218—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions comprising a quantum structures the quantum structure being quantum dots
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/0237—Materials
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02551—Group 12/16 materials
- H01L21/0256—Selenides
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02568—Chalcogenide semiconducting materials not being oxides, e.g. ternary compounds
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- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02587—Structure
- H01L21/0259—Microstructure
- H01L21/02601—Nanoparticles
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/02623—Liquid deposition
- H01L21/02628—Liquid deposition using solutions
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
- H01L31/035236—Superlattices; Multiple quantum well structures
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- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1828—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe
- H01L31/1836—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe comprising a growth substrate not being an AIIBVI compound
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- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1868—Passivation
Definitions
- the present invention seeks to provide a new way of preparing quantum dot arrays, which may in preferred embodiments be stacked quantum dot superlattices, and can be used in optoelectronic devices such as solar cells.
- quantum dots reference is made here to nanometer sized particles of semiconductor material where quantum confinement is present. Depending upon the semiconductor material, the maximum sizes change but are usually below lOOnm. The exact size of the quantum dots may enable the semiconductor band gap to be modulated, which provides potential for increasing photo-electric conversion efficiency with respect to bulk films of semiconductor material in more conventional solar cells and related devices.
- QDs quantum dots
- QDS QD solid
- QD-SL QD superlattice
- QD-SLs have mostly been grown by epitaxial deposition techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) or metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), these being techniques that require low vacuum, high temperature and pristine precursors.
- Solid state grown QD-SLs show a low defect density with QDs which are perfectly passivated by a bulk barrier material.
- MBE molecular beam epitaxy
- MOCVD metal-organic chemical vapour deposition
- colloidal QDs are most commonly spherical, but rod shapes and others are available.
- QD synthesis does not take place in situ (on top of a bulk substrate) but in solution.
- the QDs are applied to the substrate surface by spin coating or dropcasting protocols of molecularly passivated QDs onto a substrate. Due to the poorer surface passivation of the nanocrystals, the colloidal approach suffers from high defect concentration and is prone to photodegradation (through oxidation processes).
- SILAR successive ion layer adsorption reaction
- a substrate is alternatively soaked in a cation precursor solution and then an anion precursor solution.
- the cations may here for example the chosen among Cu, Zn, Sn and In, and the deposited anions are most commonly chalcogenides (sulfides and selenides in particular - tellurides are also possible candidates though not often used).
- the present invention provides a wet room temperature growth process for QDs on a crystalline substrate by a SILAR (successive ionic layer deposition and reaction) method, and also provides inorganic passivation of QDs through the growth of a thin film on top of the dots (barrier material matching or not the one employed for the substrate).
- SILAR superior ionic layer deposition and reaction
- the process can be repeated in order to achieve QD layer stacks acting as QD-SLs.
- Control on QD size in the superlattice can be advantageously achieved by controlling the growth deposition rate (e.g. by controlling soaking time and/or precursor concentrations) of QDs and barrier material spacer.
- Multiple QD stacks can be prepared with a view to allowing the active material to have strong absorption- emission properties, favourable for optoelectronic applications.
- the present invention is directed to a process for preparing a quantum dot array comprising at least the steps of:
- the quantum dots are passivated by the addition of an inorganic shell or film, most preferably of the same nature as the (crystalline semiconductor) substrate surface used in step (a) of the method of claim 1.
- the present invention relates to a quantum dot array or a quantum dot superlattice structure obtained by the above-mentioned processes.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the growth of an AB compound by a SILAR method.
- Figure 2 schematically shows the strain induced nucleation of QDs in a bilayer stack as a function of barrier material thickness.
- Figure 3 schematically shows formation of tandem structures using SILAR growth on a patterned substrate.
- Figure 4 shows atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of (top left) a TiO 2 bare substrate, (top right) PbS QDs nucleated on TiO 2 after 2 cycles.
- AFM atomic force microscopy
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the growth of an AB compound by a SILAR method.
- SILAR cycle refers to (a) A + ion solution dipping; (b) rinsing-removal of A + ions in excess; (c) B " ion solution dipping; (d) rinsing-removal of B " ions in excess.
- the nucleation of a QD layer by SILAR follows a protocol analogous to that used for the growth of a thin film (differing only in the amount of material deposited).
- Control of deposition on the substrate surface to achieve only very small particles (quantum dots) can be achieved by controlling deposition rate (as is done in MBE and MOCVD).
- Control of dipping time and/or precursor concentrations provide means for controlling material deposition. With a relatively slow rate and with adequate lattice mistmatch between the substrate and deposited layer, only dots will nucleate.
- a SILAR process for deposition onto an amorphous substrate e.g. glass
- one SILAR cycle is as follows:
- PbS Lead sulphide
- chalcogenide materials of groups I— VI, II— VI, III— VI, V-VI, VIII-VI binary and I-III-VI, II-II-VI, II-III-VI, II-VI-VI and II-V-VI ternary chalcogenides and composites e.g. AgS, Sb 2 S 3 , Bi 3 Se 2 , CoS and CdS, PbSe, PbS, ZnS,ZnSe etc. Tellurides may also be used.
- any semiconducting (crystalline) material can serve as substrate (and barrier material) in the present invention.
- materials grown by SILAR could also be used as substrate.
- Preferred materials grown by SILAR would then include the same ones as those indicated in the above list of preferred materials deposited using a SILAR method as quantum dots in the present invention. In effect, it would be of interest to grow the whole QD solid at room temperature (QD and barrier material). Whether or not it is possible to grow QDs onto such a substrate will depend on lattice match constraints.
- the anion and cation precursor solutions contain anion / cation concentrations in the range of 0.001 M to 0.1 M, and the time of the exposure of the substrate to each solution is between 1 second and 1 minute, the rinsing steps also taking place over the same timeframe, with typical step times being 10 seconds or 20 seconds. Between 10 and 1000 SILAR cycles may appropriately be used. All the SILAR process can be advantageously carried out at room temperature and no external energy is needed for the growth. By repeating the process, carrying out different cycles, a degree of control over the QD size can be achieved. However the dots will be randomly distributed over the substrate surface and their size distribution will be broad. SILAR QDs will be influenced by several parameters during growth like the number of cycles, duration of dipping, post-annealing recipes, etc.
- the first layer will typically be characterized by a random distribution of dots over unit area and (depending on growth conditions) some degree of heterogeneity as regards sizes - this is difficult to avoid in practice.
- the second layer in the stack (cf. Figure 2) it is possible to achieve improved homogeneity of QD size by tuning of barrier thickness (only the bigger buried dots will promote a new dot on top, and hence the QD size distribution becomes narrower).
- barrier thickness only the bigger buried dots will promote a new dot on top, and hence the QD size distribution becomes narrower.
- templates are used as the starting substrates. These substrate surfaces are covered with surface structures, patterns created by photo/chemical etching or by soft lithographic techniques. This first template layer will create the ordered array of QDs. In successive layers there is no need for a template but particles will grow in patterns with similar mechanisms as mentioned above.
- a certain thickness for the active material may in some cases be advantageous.
- a method is provided for preparing a quantum dot superlattice (QD SL) with a narrow QD size distribution.
- a three-dimensional QD-SL it is envisaged in the present invention to repeat the SILAR process described above as many times as desired to produce a number of stacked QD layers.
- a QD-barrier layer is appropriately grown on top of the underlying QD array.
- QD distribution may be controlled based on QD strain-induced growth.
- inorganic passivation (of QDs) is used, a first layer with a distribution / array of dots being covered, most preferably, with an inorganic layer made of the same material as the substrate.
- Figure 2 schematically shows the strain induced nucleation of QDs in a bilayer stack as a function of barrier material thickness.
- WL stands for "wetting layer”.
- WL wetting layer
- the other option is that the dots nucleate directly (without the assistance of a WL) - this is called a Volmer -Webber situation.
- the strain pattern induced by QD of any size from the first layer will trigger the growth of QDs in the second layer (broad QD size distribution).
- the middle part of the Figure with an intermediate barrier thickness, only the biggest dots from the first layer will trigger the nucleation of dots in the second layer on particular sites (narrow QD size distribution).
- the strain pattern of dots in the first layer will not affect the nucleation of dots in the second layer (broad QD size distribution).
- the vertical self-assembling will also serve to electronically couple QD layer stacks, which will be advantageous for the extraction (i.e. in solar cells) or injection (i.e. LEDs) of charges into the lattice.
- the choice of potential candidate barrier layers is dependent upon lattice matching of QD/barrier.
- QD/barrier type II band alignments where there is band offset in two materials - hence one charge carrier is localized in one material and the other is localized in the other material) are expected to be beneficial for PV applications where carriers need to be separated and type I (where both charge carriers are localized to the core) band alignment for emission applications (LED and QD lasers).
- Type I e.g.
- layer widths of 10 to 100 nanometers are envisaged to be generally appropriate in order to promote ordering in the second layer of QDs. If the device needs only to have one QD layer in the stack, higher thickness may be appropriate.
- the barrier thickness should be such as to induce strain in the second deposition phase of SILAR of QD material. Exact preferable values of thickness will depend upon QD material type, and lattice properties. However, appropriately the thickness will be tuned until it induces strain suitable to grow QDs in the next SILAR cycle at preferred locations.
- each flask was equipped with a rubber septum, a long needle piercing the rubber septum immersing its end into the solution.
- the long needle was connected with silicone tubings to the argon part of a Schlenk line.
- a shorter needle was used to pierce the septum, inserting it only enough to go through the septum, but not reaching the surface of the liquid.
- 405 mg of lead nitrate was dissolved in 60 mL oxygen free methanol by 45 min sonication to give a clear solution.
- One cycle consisted of 20 s immersion into 0.02 mol/L methanolic Pb(NO 3 )2 solution, 30 s immersion into methanol I rinsing bath, 20 s immersion into 0.02 mol/L methanolic Na 2 S solution and 30 s immersion into methanol II rinsing bath.
- a final 50 s immersion into 60 mL of methanol III was carried out after the completed SILAR process.
- Table 1 A summary of the immersion times during a SILAR process is available in Table 1 below. The sample was allowed to dry in inert atmosphere. For batch processing multiple samples another 60 mL of oxygen-free methanol were used as wetting bath before the SILAR cycles instead of using the final rinsing bath methanol III.
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Abstract
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US15/114,267 US9917218B2 (en) | 2014-02-06 | 2014-02-06 | Process for preparing quantum dot array and quantum dot superlattice |
PCT/EP2014/052362 WO2015117659A1 (fr) | 2014-02-06 | 2014-02-06 | Procédé de préparation de réseau de points quantiques et de structure hétératique à points quantiques |
JP2016550613A JP6463773B2 (ja) | 2014-02-06 | 2014-02-06 | 量子ドットアレイ及び量子ドット超格子の作製方法 |
CN201480074944.1A CN105981149B (zh) | 2014-02-06 | 2014-02-06 | 量子点阵列和量子点超晶格的制备方法 |
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PCT/EP2014/052362 WO2015117659A1 (fr) | 2014-02-06 | 2014-02-06 | Procédé de préparation de réseau de points quantiques et de structure hétératique à points quantiques |
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JP (1) | JP6463773B2 (fr) |
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CN112811473A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 安徽师范大学 | 纳米手环三氧化二铁/石墨烯量子点/二氧化锡核壳结构复合材料及其制备方法和电池应用 |
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CN111384214B (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-07-23 | Tcl科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种量子阱结构的制备方法和量子阱结构 |
CN110702744B (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-06-19 | 山东交通学院 | 一种专用于船体尾气的处理装置与感测系统 |
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CN101312218A (zh) | 2008-04-18 | 2008-11-26 | 天津大学 | 连续离子层吸附反应法制备铜铟硒化合物薄膜的方法 |
CN102251235A (zh) | 2011-07-07 | 2011-11-23 | 中南大学 | 一种铜锌锡硫薄膜的制备方法 |
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WO2011102673A2 (fr) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | 한국화학연구원 | Pile solaire à hétérojonction entièrement en semi-conducteurs |
JP5518541B2 (ja) | 2010-03-26 | 2014-06-11 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | ナノ粒子の製造方法及び量子ドットの製造方法 |
TWI408834B (zh) * | 2010-04-02 | 2013-09-11 | Miin Jang Chen | 基於奈米晶粒之光電元件及其製造方法 |
US8609553B2 (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2013-12-17 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming rutile titanium dioxide and associated methods of forming semiconductor structures |
US20130042906A1 (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-02-21 | Ming-Way LEE | Quantum-dot sensitized solar cell |
MY189992A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2022-03-22 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | Spectrometer devices |
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2014
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CN101312218A (zh) | 2008-04-18 | 2008-11-26 | 天津大学 | 连续离子层吸附反应法制备铜铟硒化合物薄膜的方法 |
CN102251235A (zh) | 2011-07-07 | 2011-11-23 | 中南大学 | 一种铜锌锡硫薄膜的制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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HACHIYA SOJIRO ET AL: "Effect of ZnS coatings on the enhancement of the photovoltaic properties of PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells", JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS, US, vol. 111, no. 10, 15 May 2012 (2012-05-15), pages 104315 - 104315, XP012157548, ISSN: 0021-8979, [retrieved on 20120525], DOI: 10.1063/1.4720468 * |
PATHAN; LOKHANDE, SCIENCE, vol. 27, 2004, pages 85 - 111 |
WITOON YINDEESUK ET AL: "Optical absorption of CdSe quantum dots on electrodes with different morphology", AIP ADVANCES, vol. 3, no. 10, 10 October 2013 (2013-10-10), 2 Huntington Quadrangle, Melville, NY 11747, pages 102115 - 1, XP055147669, ISSN: 2158-3226, DOI: 10.1063/1.4825231 * |
YAOHONG ZHANG ET AL: "The optical and electrochemical properties of CdS/CdSe co-sensitized TiOsolar cells prepared by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction processes", SOLAR ENERGY, PERGAMON PRESS. OXFORD, GB, vol. 86, no. 3, 30 January 2012 (2012-01-30), pages 964 - 971, XP028414434, ISSN: 0038-092X, [retrieved on 20120118], DOI: 10.1016/J.SOLENER.2012.01.006 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112811473A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 安徽师范大学 | 纳米手环三氧化二铁/石墨烯量子点/二氧化锡核壳结构复合材料及其制备方法和电池应用 |
CN112811473B (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-09-30 | 安徽师范大学 | 纳米手环三氧化二铁/石墨烯量子点/二氧化锡核壳结构复合材料及其制备方法和电池应用 |
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JP2017515294A (ja) | 2017-06-08 |
JP6463773B2 (ja) | 2019-02-06 |
US9917218B2 (en) | 2018-03-13 |
CN105981149A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
CN105981149B (zh) | 2019-11-29 |
US20170162733A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
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